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In border areas, time and space are constantly suspended from the usual rules along a liminal pathway transforming status and identity. In order to understand how different regimes of mobility and reception influence the experience of time and the subjective actions of both asylum seekers arriving via the so-called Balkan route and Ukrainian refugees fleeing from the war, the paper puts forward an analysis of the multiple scales of migration and reception policies as historically situated practices. How and to what extent has the increasing role of the humanitarian regime contributed to improving or worsening the lives of asylum seekers in borderland places where the memory of wars, civil conflicts, and experiences of refoulement is very much alive? Building on a multilocal ethnography of the temporalities of migrants' reception, the paper aims at disentangling the historical layers of hospitality in the northeastern Italian border areas of Trieste and Bolzano and the intersecting forms of (im)mobility at play. By addressing "reception" as an entanglement of spatial and temporal practices carried out by migrants, institutional, and humanitarian actors, we discuss not only how time reduces the existence of asylum seekers and Ukrainian refugees to an empty and meaningless human condition by exerting control over the subjective experiences, but also how the migrants' experience of waiting translates into an active state of being with the creative potential to trigger new forms of sociality, solidarity, and senses of belonging. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses a novel response to two closely related regress arguments from Bolzano’s Theory of Science and Carroll’s What the Tortoise Said to Achilles. Bolzano’s argument aims to refute the thesis that full grounds must include propositions involving notions such as entailment, grounding or lawhood which link the respective grounds to their groundee. This thesis is motivated, Bolzano’s argument is reconstructed, and a response based on self-referential linking propositions is developed and defended against objections concerning self-reference and Curry’s paradox. Finally, the idea is applied to a reading of Carroll’s dialogue and a corresponding solution to the so-called infinite regress problem of inference is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bernard Bolzano offers a criterion of individuation for ideas, according to which ideas are distinct if and only if they represent different objects or are composed differently. It fails to individuate ideas that are both simple and fail to represent, in particular syncategorematic ideas and logical constants. However, Bolzano also provides the means to close this gap. He suggests that we can distinguish ideas if they are not substitutable for each other in propositions, which we can, in turn, distinguish in terms of their truth-values. This paper explicates this suggestion and develops it into an improved individuation criterion for ideas: ideas also are distinct if we cannot replace them for one another in propositions salva veritate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Contribuições a uma Exposição mais Bem Fundamentada da Matemática foram publicadas por Bernard Bolzano (1781-1848) em 1810. Elas constituem parte importante do esforço, manifestado desde cedo em sua obra e nunca abandonado, de atingir clareza a respeito da ciência que tamanha admiração lhe despertava. Em aberta oposição às posições kantianas, ele logra formular uma concepção da matemática como ciência formal geral. O presente artigo traz a tradução inédita da primeira metade da obra, acrescida de notas e de um ensaio introdutório.

Bernard Bolzano (1781–1848) is commonly thought to have attempted to develop a theory of size for infinite collections that follows the so-called part–whole principle, according to which the whole is always greater than any of its proper parts. In this paper, we develop a novel interpretation of Bolzano's mature theory of the infinite and show that, contrary to mainstream interpretations, it is best understood as a theory of infinite sums. Our formal results show that Bolzano's infinite sums can be equipped with the rich and original structure of a non-commutative ordered ring, and that Bolzano's views on the mathematical infinite are, after all, consistent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Noi Techpark project in Bolzano has substantially transformed a portion of the Bolzano surroundings, localizing university and management functions in an area characterized by the presence of a dismissed industrial settlement built between the two World Wars by the Montecatini group. The project was pursued through the creation of a technology park, renovating the structures of the old factory which was in a state of abandon and then acquired by the Autonomous Province of Bolzano. This allowed the establishment of a pole of new public- private structures for technology transfer. The present paper intends to retrace the history of this intervention, describing its main characteristics in terms of urban form, functions and presence of public spaces in relation to the achievement of the objective of re- evaluating an entire urban area. including the relevant residential zone. But at the same time the ambition of the essay lies in the attempt to represent how, in the assessment of the complexity of local policies of territorial development, a significant role is played by the ability to contribute to economic growth in terms of birth of new businesses, improvement of competitiveness of existing ones, enhancement of financial resources, human and material present in the area and, finally, the ability to attract new productive factors in the area. In this sense, the Noi Techpark project is emblematic. Il Progetto Noi Techpark a Bolzano ha trasformato in maniera sostanziale una porzione consistente della periferia di Bolzano, localizzando funzioni universitarie e direzionali in un’area caratterizzata dalla presenza di un insediamento industriale dismesso realizzato, negli anni tra le due guerre mondiali, dal gruppo Montecatini. L’intervento è stato perseguito mediante la realizzazione di un parco tecnologico che, attraverso il risanamento delle strutture del vecchio opificio – acquisito al patrimonio della Provincia autonoma di Bolzano dopo il suo abbandono – ha permesso l’istituzione di un polo di nuove strutture pubblico-private destinate al trasferimento tecnologico. Il presente contributo intende ripercorrere la storia di questo intervento, soffermandosi nel descriverne le principali caratteristiche in termini di forma urbana, funzioni e presenza di spazi pubblici in relazione al raggiungimento dell’obiettivo di rivalutare un’intera area urbana. Ivi compreso quella occupata dal tessuto residenziale di pertinenza. Ma allo stesso tempo l’ambizione del saggio risiede nel tentativo di rappresentare come, nella valutazione della complessità delle politi- che di sviluppo locale di un territorio, un ruolo rilevante sia ricoperto dalla capacità di contribuire alla crescita economica nei termini di nascita di nuove imprese, di miglioramento della competitività di quelle esistenti, di valorizzazione delle risorse finanziarie, umane e materiali presenti in loco e, infine, dalla capacità di attrarre nuovi fattori produttivi sul territorio. Proprio in questo senso Il progetto del parco tecnologico Noi Techpark sembra emblematico. Nell’aver perseguito, oltre al risanamento di un’area industriale di smessa, l’obiettivo della creazione e della diffusione dell’innovazione per mezzo di un brand territoriale. In questo modo, al vantaggio di arginare la perdita di valore del contesto edilizio dell’intera area, si aggiunge il risultato prestigioso di aver messo in contatto i laboratori di ricerca, da un lato, e il tessuto imprenditoriale, dell’altro. L’intera operazione restituisce, dunque, un contesto entro cui è stato possibile sviluppare la capacità di trasferire know-how, di diffondere informazioni tecnologiche sul territorio, di creare un network di relazioni che stanno alla base della diffusione e della creazione della conoscenza e dello sviluppo di un ambito territoriale. Tutti elementi, non immediatamente quantificabili in termini economici nel breve periodo, ma che ci sembra debbano essere presi in considerazione nelle valutazioni complessive del vantaggio dell’opportunità di portare a termine questo tipo di iniziative.

As is well known, Husserl develops his early phenomenological concept of "species" by elaboratinga novel form of abstraction, whichhe calls "ideating" abstraction. This paper traces systematic parallels between the works of Lotze, Bolzano and Husserl in order to gain a better understanding of Husserl's theory of abstraction and his early conception of species. Two lines of interpretation are central to this paper. The first concerns a critique of the Kantian understanding of "concept" (and thus also of the Kantian understanding of analyticity). The second line of interpretation relates to abstraction itself. In contrast to the British empiricists, all three thinkers understand abstraction as a positive, logical and non-psychological process of bringing about an abstract attribute. Furthermore, we will recognize the importance of Bolzano's syntactic structure of representations (Vorstellungen) for Husserl's understanding of abstraction in the 2nd Logical Investigation. We will see that Husserl's "ideating abstraction" depends on syncategorematic forms and cannot be understood detached from a correctly formulated proposition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Section 1, the author argues that Bolzano does not have a Meinongian view of merely possible objects, not even in the context of his theory of intentionality. In section 2, it is argued that Williamson's necessitist conception, according to which there is a merely possible golden mountain, was not anticipated by Bolzano. An eternalist reconstruction is rejected as well. The argument takes recourse to Bolzano's semantics of temporal statements, which also underlies his argument for the eternity of substances and makes it plausible to assume that Bolzano had a perdurantist view, according to which there are merely possible objects just in case there are actual objects whose generation is to be metaphysically explained, in terms of grounding, by recourse to a merely possible object's being replaced by an actual object. Furthermore, it is argued that merely possible objects à la Bolzano are not substances, in his narrow sense of the term, and that his case for such objects in connection with his view of generation is less than convincing. However, section 3 argues that Bolzano's conception combines with his view of substance to yield an interesting perdurantist conception of personal identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rudolf Haller was one of the pioneers of "Austrian philosophy" and analytic philosophy dealing with Bolzano, Brentano, Meinong, and Mach up to Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle, especially Schlick and Neurath. As professor at the University of Graz he fostered this field with his teaching and research and promoted it together with a lot of invited renowned foreign scholars. In addition, he created the influential Grazer Forschungs- und Dokumentationsstelle für Österreichische Philosophie which hosts important philosophical archives. Moreover, he co-founded the Austrian Ludwig Wittgenstein Society in Kirchberg/W. in 1976 and supported the Institute Vienna Circle since its establishment in Vienna in 1991. This article is a personal review and remembrance of the author's pleasing interaction and cooperation with Rudolf Haller, as an appreciation of his extraordinary achievements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dans cet article, nous étudierons la logique philosophique de Kant (1724-1804), de Hegel (1770-1831) et de Bolzano (1781-1848) relativement aux questions mathématiques. Nous tenterons de montrer que leurs trois philosophies sont fortement influencées par leurs différentes définitions de la rationalité mathématique. En faisant appel à l’histoire des mathématiques, nous montrerons que cette science connaît une véritable rupture épistémologique entre les générations de Kant et celle de Hegel et de Bolzano, et peut donc nous aider à comprendre le sens et la portée de la critique de Kant présente chez ses deux successeurs. En effet, la mathématique semble rompre d’elle-même avec les critères de construction intuitive et de représentation spatiale qui s’avéraient cruciaux chez Kant. Les possibilités nouvelles offertes par la mathématique, fonctionnant dès lors – comme Kant lui-même le suggère en un passage de son oeuvre – de manière synthétique mais non intuitive, appellent à un renouveau de la logique et, plus généralement, de la discursivité philosophique dans son ensemble. La logique n’a ainsi plus à se limiter au critère de la validité (empirique) de la logique transcendantale, ni à attendre la vérification du sens de ses catégories d’une intuition jamais réduite. Toutefois, Hegel et Bolzano mettent sur pied des logiques totalement différentes, et ouvrent par là à deux traditions philosophiques, dialectique et analytique, qui s’opposent depuis lors. Revenir à l’origine d’une telle divergence nous semble pouvoir éclairer les points de rencontre possibles entre les deux paradigmes. C’est dans la notion de sujet que nous situons le noeud de la polémique.

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Copyright of Valori e Valutazioni is the property of Societa Italiana di Estimo e Valutazione (SIEV) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Bolzano: A City of Two Nations, Two Dictatorships and a Common, Difficult Heritage This paper analyses the case of Bolzano as a border city situated between Italy and Austria that had to deal with the unresolved issue of “difficult history” and “difficult heritage” after World War II. A particular emphasis is placed on the fascist Victory Monument as a symbol of the antagonism between the Italian and German-speaking population of the city, and the exhibition “BZ ‘18-’45: One Monument, One City, Two Dictatorships” as an example of dealing with “difficult heritage”.

This paper analyses the case of Bolzano as a border city situated between Italy and Austria that had to deal with the unresolved issue of “difficult history” and “difficult heritage” after World War II. A particular emphasis is placed on the fascist Victory Monument as a symbol of the antagonism between the Italian and German-speaking population of the city, and the exhibition “BZ ‘18-’45: One Monument, One City, Two Dictatorships” as an example of dealing with “difficult heritage”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present contribution elucidates Husserl’s relationship to Lotze in the light of Winthrop Bell’s notes on Husserl’s 1912 seminar on Lotze’s theory of knowledge. Once again, these notes make it clear that Husserl highly appreciated the chapter on Plato’s theory of ideas from Lotze’s 1874 Logic and his anti-psychologistic view of logic, as far as it goes. However, it also becomes clear that Husserl rejected both Lotze’s account of the origins of objectivity in terms of the doctrine of “achievements of thinking (Denkleistungen)” and the discussion of skepticism in the 1874 Logic against the background of his own (Bolzano-inspired) conception of intentionality and his treatment of the epistemological “problem of transcendence” in the framework of the “phenomenological reduction”. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Estudios Filosóficos is the property of Estudios Filosoficos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Amid the debate over infinitesimals, Bolzano introduced the alternative notion of variable quantities ω in his 1816 work on the binomial theorem. It has often been assumed that his 1817 definition of continuity using them is practically the modern one. This paper explores Bolzano's early mathematical works and diaries to gain insight into the subtleties in his definition of ω and some of his mathematical procedures. We show that those quantities are not clearly 'proto-Weierstrassian' and argue that Bolzano was in the process of refinement and increasing abstraction of the idea of quantity that eventually led to the development of a theory of real numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Competition 1804: Bolzano and mathematics in the Czech lands at the end of the 18th century. In 1804 the chair for elementary mathematics at Charles-Ferdinand University became vacant as a result of the retirement of Stanislav Vydra. The examination, in which only Bernard Bolzano and Ladislav Jandera took part, consisted of a written and an oral part. The chair went to Jandera, while Bolzano became professor of "religious doctrine". This paper examines the context, the answers of both candidates and the outcome of the competition, based on a number of related papers preserved in the Czech National Archives in Prague. Additionally, we present the Czech translation of Bolzano's written answer which is published here for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is sometimes mentioned that Bernard Bolzano's work on grounding anticipates many insights of the current debate on metaphysical grounding. The present paper discusses a certain part of Bolzano's theory of grounding that has thus far not been discussed in the literature. This part does not so much anticipate what are nowadays common assumptions about grounding, but rather goes beyond them. Central to the discussion will be a thesis of Bolzano's by which he tries to establish a connection between grounding and (deductive) unification. The paper spells out this thesis in detail and discusses the assumptions on which it rests. Next to this mainly historical aim, the paper also presents reasons why philosophers who are not interested in the historical Bolzano should find the thesis interesting by relating it to a certain view on unification and explanation that has been put forward by Kim. A final part of the paper provides a critical evaluation of the thesis against the background of current accounts of grounding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Historiae Artis Slovenica is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Population data is commonly available for administrative units referring to the year of the last census. That level of aggregation and the static character of the information pose particular difficulties for spatial analysis in applications such as disaster management or spatial planning, for which much more time-sensitive population distributions are required. In this study, a flexible model to create dynamic gridded population data with a spatial resolution of 100 m is implemented for the mountainous, hazard-prone and highly touristic region of the Autonomous Province of Bolzano, based on the integration of multiple data sources within an explicit spatio-temporal modelling framework. It is argued that dynamic gridded population information provides an improvement to the existing regional datasets. Our study shows that integrating daily and seasonal changes to the distribution of population improves exposure information for risk assessments especially in highly touristic areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article addresses the works of three 19th-century philosophers: Herbart, Bolzano and Lotze. Despite their differences, i will analyze two essential features they share: their refusal to psychologism as the radicalization of psychology as the ultimate source of philosophy (antipsychologism), and the positing of an ideal ‘reality’, independent from both sensibility and the mental and linguistic dimensions, upon which the refusal to psychologism is founded (Platonism). As a conclusion, i will show how, according to these authors, this platonic, ideal background constitutes the very foundation of every meaningful thought.