136 results on '"biyosensör"'
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2. Meme kanseri hücresi tanımlayan biyosensör.
- Author
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Özden, Ayşe Kevser
- Abstract
Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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3. APTAMER TABANLI TANIMLAMA YÖNTEMİ VE GIDA GÜVENLİĞİNDEKİ UYGULAMALARI.
- Author
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Canpolat, Melike and Kesmen, Zülal
- Abstract
Aptamers are single-stranded, short, synthetic nucleic acid sequences. Aptamers, which show high affinity and specific binding to various target molecules, are used for the sensitive detection of various risk factors such as pathogenic microorganisms, biotoxins, allergens, pesticides and heavy metals that may be present in foods. The selection of aptamers specifically binding to molecules that pose a risk in terms of food safety is carried out through a process called SELEX. The selected aptamer interacts specifically with the target molecule and this interaction is measured using electrochemical, optical, or other biosensor techniques. There is a growing interest in aptamer-based methods with high specificity and sensitivity, which provide faster results compared to conventional methods used in food analysis. This review summarized the general properties of aptamers and their production by the SELEX principle and given examples of their applications in food safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Rutenyum Mediyatör Kompleksi Temelli Galaktoz Biyosensörü Geliştirilmesi.
- Author
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CANBAY, Erhan, KUNDAKÇI, Sevval, YILDIZ, Ezginur, ÇELİK CANBAY, Zeynep, DOĞAN, Serçin, and AKYILMAZ, Erol
- Subjects
- *
GALACTOSEMIA , *GALACTOSE , *BIOSENSORS - Abstract
Measurement of galactose level is of clinical significance in terms of galactosemia and galactose intolerance. Especially in newborns, it can have fatal consequences if it is not detected immediately. After diagnosis, galactose should be removed from the diet. Therefore, the determination of galactose in both blood and diet, especially milk and dairy products, is of great importance. In the literature data, the methods developed for galactose determination are time consuming and relatively slow methods that require pre-processing and expensive equipment such as spectrophotometer, chromatography, mass spectrometer. The aim of this study is to develop a fast, specific, inexpensive electrochemical biosensor system for galactose determination.In this study, in which Galactose Oxidase (GaOX) enzyme was used as a biocomponent, a carbon paste electrode containing a ruthenium mediator complex was used as the working electrode. GaOX enzyme was immobilized in the paste structure. The originality of the study is the use of the Ruthenium mediator system used in the paste structure. Electrode construction stages were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV) method, while optimization and characterization studies were carried out by means of DP between 0 & 0.9 V and amperometric measurements at 0.5 V. The studies also used a 1 mM p-benzoquinone mediator system in working buffer. As a result of optimization studies, optimum pH was found to be 6.5 and optimum temperature was 30 oC. While the linear detection range of the developed biosensor was found between 0.05- mM, the repeatability was found to be 0.24 mM on average, the standard deviation ± 0.021 and the coefficient of variation (CV%) as 8.3% for 0.25 mM galactose. No interference was observed in the interference effect trial. Sample analysis was made on lyophilized serum and lactose-free milk samples and % recovery was calculated. The use of the Ruthenium mediator complex used in this project in the production of biosensors has been rarely encountered in the literature. However, with this study, it was used for the first time in a galactose biosensor and for the first time with a carbon paste electrode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Glukoz Sensörü Olarak Kullanılmak Üzere İndirgenmiş Grafen Oksit Katkılı Polimerik Film Eldesi.
- Author
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ALEMDAR, Neslihan
- Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Advances in Engineering & Pure Sciences is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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6. Design of a Novel Electrochemical Immunosensor for Toxoplasma gondii Detection Based on Gold Nanoparticle/Chitosan Decorated Screen Printed Electrode.
- Author
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ŞANLI, Serdar
- Subjects
ELECTROCHEMICAL analysis ,PARASITES ,BIOSENSORS ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,TOXOPLASMA gondii - Abstract
Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Erzincan Binali Yildirim Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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7. Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria Using Liquid Crystals.
- Author
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KEMİKLİOĞLU, Emine and TUNÇGÖVDE, Ebru Büşra
- Subjects
METHICILLIN-resistant staphylococcus aureus ,CRYSTALS ,PATHOGENIC microorganisms ,BIOSENSORS ,DETECTORS ,POLARIZATION microscopy - Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Polytechnic is the property of Journal of Polytechnic and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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8. Amperometric Glucose Biosensor Prepared by Using Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes/Polythiophene Composite.
- Author
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Kahraman, Derya and Gürsoy, Songül Şen
- Subjects
- *
MULTIWALLED carbon nanotubes , *CARBON nanotubes , *BIOSENSORS , *POLYTHIOPHENES , *GLUCOSE , *CARBON electrodes , *IMMOBILIZED enzymes , *GLUCOSE oxidase , *SCANNING electron microscopy - Abstract
In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polythiophene composite (MWCNTs/PTh) modified glassy carbon electrode was used for the amperometric detection of glucose. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was entrapped by a crosslinking agent on the MWCNTs/PTh composite film synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of thiophene onto MWCNTs. Characterization of composite film was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The amperometric measurements of electrode was performed at +0.70V vs. SCE, which was the electrooxidation potential of enzymatically produced H2O2. The effects of thiophene amount in the composite, pH, temperature and substrate concentration were investigated on the response of enzyme electrode. Optimum pH was 7.0 at room temperature and the response time of enzyme electrode was 25 s. The upper limit of the linear working range was 4.85 mM glucose concentration. The limit of detection of sensor was calculated as 148 µM. The sensitivity of glucose biosensor was determined as 4.39 µA mM-1 cm-2 . The value of apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) was 1.68 mM according to the Lineweaver-Burk equation. The activation energy of this immobilized enzyme system was 88.92 kJ mol-1 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Korona Virüs Tanısı ve Biyosensörler.
- Author
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Kökbaş, Umut
- Subjects
- *
VIRUS diseases , *DIAGNOSIS methods , *CLINICAL pathology , *PANDEMICS , *DIGITIZATION - Abstract
Rapidly evolving technology is increasingly expanding the use of sensor-based measurement systems, keeping pace with the development of laboratory medicine in the age of digitization in the world. Biosensors play an important role in disease monitoring and will play due to their easy use, portability, rapid and precise results. In Wuhan, China, the choir virus disease that emerged in 2019 has become a pandemic, affecting the world. The development of diagnostic tests for monitoring and control of pandemic has been of great importance and the selection of samples to be used for diagnostic tests. This compilation provides information on how to diagnose and monitor the virus disease and how biomoters are used for diagnostic and monitoring purposes today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. L-Askorbik asit (C vitamini) Tayinine Yönelik Kalem Grafit Elektrot - Askorbat Oksidaz Temelli Yeni Bir Biyosensör Geliştirilmesi.
- Author
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Budak, Burhan and Dinckaya, Erhan
- Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Life Sciences & Biotechnology (2651-4621) is the property of International Society of Academicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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11. Yapay et üretimi ve gelecek vizyonu.
- Author
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FARHOOMAND, Darya, OKAY, Aybüke, Sümer ARAS, E., and BÜYÜK, İlker
- Subjects
SUSTAINABILITY ,PROTEINS ,MEAT ,FOOD industry ,HORMONES ,CELL culture ,BUSINESS ,NATURAL foods ,DIETARY fats ,ANTIBIOTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Food & Health (2602-2834) is the property of Scientific Web Journals (SWJ) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Nano-elektrokimyasal Biyosensörler Kullanılarak DNA ile Doksorubisin Etkileşiminin Araştırılması.
- Author
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YAMAN, Yeşim Tuğçe
- Abstract
In this study, the interaction between double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (dsDNA) and doxorubicin (DOX) was investigated using nano-electrochemical biosensors by differential pulse voltammetry. The biosensor surface was prepared from a solution containing cetyl trimethylammonium (cab) and carbon nanotubes (cnt) with the synthesis of poly(sab)-knt by electrodeposition method. Voltammetric signals of dsDNA electroactive bases were used as indicators to investigate DNA-drug interactions. It was observed that the oxidation peak currents of both guanine and adenine bases decreased after drug-DNA interaction. The linear range for DOX was found to be between 0.39-25 µg mL-1 and limit of detection was found as 0.26 µg mL-1. Besides, the drug-DNA interaction was demonstrated spectrochemically by UV-vis spectroscopy. Electrochemical and spectrochemical studies have shown that the interaction mechanism between DOX and dsDNA occurs with the intercalation mode. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. IgG'nin tayini için kapasitif bir biyosensör geliştirilmesi.
- Author
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Uygun, Zihni Onur
- Abstract
Copyright of Ege Journal of Medicine is the property of Ege University, Faculty of Medicine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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14. Biyosensörler ve Kullanım Alanları: Geleneksel Derleme.
- Author
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ÖZER, İrem, TEZEL, Hülya, SANAJOU, Sonia, YİRÜN, Anıl, BAYDAR, Terken, and ERKEKOĞLU, Pınar
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Literature Pharmacy Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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15. Biyoteknolojide Biyosensör ve Biyoçip Uygulamaları.
- Author
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Tüylek, Zülfü
- Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Life Sciences & Biotechnology (2651-4621) is the property of International Society of Academicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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16. SARS-CoV-2'nin Hızlı Tespiti İçin Tasarlanan Biyosensörler.
- Author
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Karakaş, Tuğba Begüm and Demirdiş, İlayda
- Abstract
Copyright of International Journal of Life Sciences & Biotechnology (2651-4621) is the property of International Society of Academicians and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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17. Comparison of Prooxidant Activities of Various Fruit Juices and Herbs via Gold Nanocluster Biosensors and Carbonyl Assay.
- Author
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AKYÜZ, Esin
- Subjects
FRUIT juices ,POMEGRANATE ,HERBS ,BIOSENSORS ,GOLD nanoparticles ,BIOMACROMOLECULES ,EGGS - Abstract
Copyright of Adiyaman University Journal of Science & Technology / Adıyaman Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Adiyaman University, Institute of Science / Adiyaman Universitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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18. Genç erişkin bireylerde tükürük ürik asit düzeylerinin biyosensör yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi
- Author
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Umut Kökbaş, Rabia Şemsi̇, Burak Arslan, Aylin Sepi̇ci̇ Di̇nçel, Erdal Ergünol, and Levent Kayrın
- Subjects
biosensor ,uric acid ,saliva ,biyosensör ,ürik asit ,tükürük ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada tükürük numunelerinde ürik asit miktar tayini için yeni bir amperometrik biyosensör kullanılması amaçlanarak, hazırlanan sistemde elektrodun iyi çalışma koşullarının belirlenmesi ve çalışmayı etkileyen faktörlerin tanımlanması hedeflenmiştir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Hazırlanan biyosensörde, BSA/jelatin kullanarak grafit elektrot üzerindeki ürikaz enzimi glutaraldehit ile çapraz bağlanmaktadır. Optimizasyon çalışmaları sırasında jelatin, sığır serum albümini ve glutaraldehit miktarları belirlendi. Karakterizasyon çalışmaları sırasında tekrarlanabilirlik, doğrusal ölçüm aralığı ve raf ömrü çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Validasyon ve verifikasyon çalışmaları için genç erişkin bireyler kontrol grubunu oluşturdu (n=26). Tükürük örneklerinden ürik asit değerleri kemilüminesans prensibi ile çalışan otoanalizör ile ölçüldü ve biyosensör sonuçları ile karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Tayin sınırının 6,0x10-4mM olduğu ve ürik asit konsantrasyonu için 6,0x10-4-5,0x10-3 mM aralığında doğrusal sonuçlar elde edildiği belirlenmiştir. Raf ömrü çalışmalarına baktığımızda sonuçlar 40. günün sonunda %82,5 oranında korunmuştur, ölçüm tekrarlanabilirliği (n=15) standart sapması (S.S)=±0,1 ve % varyasyon (değişim) katsayısı (V.K)=0,2’dir. Otoanalizör sonuçları biyosensör sonuçları ile istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldığında çizilen ROC eğrisinde %97 doğruluk oranı elde edilmiştir.Sonuç: Çalışmamızda geliştirdiğimiz yöntem kullanılarak ileri çalışmalarla taşınabilir ve girişimsel olmayan bir ürik asit tayin cihazı üretilebilir.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Yersinia enterocolitica’nın Tespiti için Altın-nanoparçacık ile Güçlendirilmiş Biyosensör Uygulamalarının Geliştirilmesi
- Author
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Sümeyra SAVAŞ
- Subjects
patojen tespit ,antikor ,biyosensör ,altın nanopartikül ,yersinia enterocolitica ,pathogen detection ,antibody ,biosensor ,gold nanoparticle ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica), Enterobacteriaceae ailesinin bir üyesi olan Yersinia cinsi’ne ait, en yaygın görülen gıda kaynaklı zoonotik patojenlerden üçüncüsüdür. Havyan dışkısı ile kontamine olan kirli sular ile veya enfekte hayvan ile iletişimin bir sonucu olarak, insanlarda enfeksiyona sebep olabilir. Düşük sıcaklıklara dayanabilme özelliği sayesinde, buzdolabında bulunan yiyeceklerde de üremeye devam edebilmektedir. Bu sebep ile patojenin hızlı ve hassas tespiti sağlık açısında önemlidir. Bu çalışmada, elektrokimyasal sistem kullanılarak, Y. enterocolitica’nın tespiti için altın nanopartikül ile güçlendirilmiş bir immünosensörün geliştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmada ticari olarak temin edilen Y. enterocolitica pozitif kontrol ve antikor kullanılmıştır. Standard sandvich assay kullanılarak sensör yüzeye uygulanan immünoassay ile en düşük tespit limiti 102 cfu/ml, altın nanoparçacıklar ile güçlendirilen antikor sensörü ile 37 cfu/ml Y. enterocolitica tampon çözelti içerisinde tespit edilebilmiştir. İmmünoassay’in özgüllüğü, antikora özgül olmayan antijenlerin çapraz reaksiyon oranı ile tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma da, standard sandvich assay ve altın nanopartiküller ile güçlendirilmiş sandvich assay prensibi geliştirilmiş ve Y. enterocolitica’nın tespiti için kullanmıştır. Bunun ile birlikte, antikor tabanlı bir enzimatik sensör de, altın nanoparçacıkların ölçüm duyarlılığına etkisi belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada ölçüm için elektrokimyasal sensör cihazı kullanılmış olup, Y. enterocolitica’nın tespitinde kullanılan immünosensör birçok elektrokimyasal biyosensör ile birleştirilebilir.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Amin Fonksiyonlu Karbon Nanotüp, Kalay Oksit Nanopartikül ve Diamin Oksidaz Temelli Triptamin Biyosensörü
- Author
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Ceren Kaçar and Berna Dalkıran
- Subjects
biyojenik amin ,triptamin ,biyosensör ,karbon nanotüp ,kalay oksit nanopartikül ,biogenic amine ,tryptamine ,biosensor ,carbon nanotube ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Bu çalışmada amino fonksiyonlu çok duvarlı karbon nanotüp (NH2-MWCNT) ve kalay oksit nanopartikül (SnO2) ile modifiye edilmiş perde baskılı karbon elektrotlara (SPCE) dayanan amperometrik triptamin biyosensörü geliştirildi. Diamin oksidaz (DAO) enzimi NH2-MWCNT-SnO2/SPCE yüzeyine N-etil-N′-(3-dimetilaminopropil) karbodiimit (EDC) ve N-hidroksi süksinimit (NHS) kullanılarak kovalent bağlama yöntemi ile immobilize edildi. Hazırlanan elektrot yüzeyi, enzimlerin yüzeyden uzaklaşmasını engellemek ve girişim etkilerini azaltmak amacıyla son olarak Nafyon ile kaplandı. Biyosensörün yüzey morfolojisi, elektrokimyasal özellikleri ve analitik performansı taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), dönüşümlü voltammetri (CV), elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopi (EIS) ve kronoamperometri yöntemleri kullanılarak incelendi. Geliştirilen biyosensör ile triptamin için elde edilen doğrusal çalışma aralığı, gözlenebilme sınırı ve duyarlık sırası ile 2,0×10-6 ‒ 2,5×10-3 M, 6,0×10-7 M ve 6,52 µA mM-1 olarak bulundu. Hazırlanan biyosensörün tekrar kullanılabilirlik ve tekrar üretilebilirliğinin oldukça iyi olduğu belirlendi.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Based Biosensor for Choline
- Author
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Melahat Sevgül Bakay, Tuğçe Polat, Adil Denizli, and Feride Şermin Utku
- Subjects
biosensor ,electrochemical impedance spectroscopy ,choline ,molecularly imprinted polymer ,pge electrode ,biyosensör ,elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopisi ,kolin ,moleküler baskılama ,pge elektrot ,Technology ,Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,TA1-2040 ,Science ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 - Abstract
Biosensors are systems that can perform a quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of substances in a liquid or gas environment through their biological recognition sites and transform the acquired data into detectable signals. Biosensors are able to detect physical changes (i.e. as density, mass concentration, etc.) by means of recognition sites and correlate them with electrical or optical quantities (i.e. current, voltage and impedance). In this study, three molecularly imprinted pencil graphite electrodes (PGE) with differing numbers of choline recognition sites, at E-1 M, E-3 M and E-5 M concentration, were used as electrochemical biosensors. An increase in choline receptor concentration on the electrode surface was expected to correlate with an increase in PGE surface bound choline and thus lead to electrical changes. The study was conducted in a three-electrode cell with Ag/AgCl as the reference electrode, platinum wire as the counter electrode and PGE as the working electrode. Cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance measurements were conducted in 10 mM phosphate buffer solution (PBS) containing 5mM K3[FeCN6]-3/-4 redox pair. As expected, as increasing amount of choline was bound to the complementary recognition sites on choline imprinted PGEs, a correlating change in current, voltage and impedance on PGEs was observed. The dynamic detection range for choline expanded as the choline concentration imprinted on the PGE electrode increased. Using the E-1 M PGE electrode, 72 pM limit of detection, up to 7.2 nM limit of linearity was attained.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. ETTE TAZELİĞİN BELİRLENMESİ: YENİ YAKLAŞIMLAR.
- Author
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Özkaya, Pelin Talu, Dağbağlı, Seval, and Kayaardı, Semra
- Subjects
- *
CUSTOMER satisfaction , *GROUP products (Mathematics) , *FOOD quality , *SUPPLY & demand , *BIOSENSORS - Abstract
Recently, there has been an increasing demand for fresh and high quality food as a result of healthy eating awareness. Depending on the risk status of the product, consumer health and safety get into danger as well as breaking consumer reliance and satisfaction due to the foods which have started to become unfresh and lose quality at the time of purchasing. Nutritious and economically valuable foods such as meat has been one of the major product groups which is needed to be checked for its freshness against time. However, classical methods require much labor and chemical usage as well as being time consuming. Therefore, there has been a need for alternative methods which can eliminate present disadvantages. Moreover, it is aimed to make possible real time detection of meat freshness including consumer based controls. This review evaluates new detection methods such as color indicators, sensors and biosensors to determine freshness of several kinds of meat. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Microelectrode Fabrication for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Dopamine Level.
- Author
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ACAR, Merve
- Subjects
MICROELECTRODES ,FABRICATION (Manufacturing) ,DOPAMINE ,CALIBRATION ,NEUROTRANSMITTERS - Abstract
Copyright of Erzincan University Journal of Science & Technology is the property of Erzincan Binali Yildirim Universitesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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24. Elektrokimyasal Sensörlerde, Antikorun Sensör Yüzeydeki İnkübasyon Süresinin, Ölçüm Kalitesine Etkisi.
- Author
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SAVAŞ, Sümeyra
- Subjects
ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors ,FOOD science ,AGRICULTURAL technology ,ANTIGENS ,IMMUNOGLOBULINS - Abstract
Copyright of Yuzuncu Yil Universitesi Journal of Agricultural Sciences (YYU J Agr Sci) is the property of Yuzuncu Yil University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Genç erişkin bireylerde tükürük ürik asit düzeylerinin biyosensör yöntemi ile değerlendirilmesi.
- Author
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Kökbaş, Umut, Şemsi, Rabia, Arslan, Burak, Dinçel, Aylin Sepici, Ergünol, Erdal, and Kayrin, Levent
- Subjects
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URIC acid , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *YOUNG adults , *STANDARD deviations , *DETECTION limit - Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study was to use a new amperometric biosensor for the determination of uric acid in saliva samples. Besides the good working conditions of the electrode was determined and identified the factors affecting the study. Materials and Methods: By the prepared biosensor the used BSA/gelatin has crosslinked the uricase enzyme on the graphite electrode to glutaraldehyde. During characterization studies, linearity, repeatability of the measurements and shelf life were carried out. For the validation and verification studies, formed the control group of the young adult individuals (n=26). Uric acid values from saliva samples were measured by autoanalyzer working with chemiluminescence principle and compared biosensor results. Results: Limit of detection 6.0x10-4 mM, and linear results are obtained between the ranges of 6.0x10-4 -- 5.0x10-3 mM for uric acid concentration. As for shelf life studies, at the end of 40th day of responses has been preserved by 82.5%, repeatability of the measurement (n=15) standard deviation (S.S) = ±0.1 and % coefficient of variation (V.K)=0.2, respectively. When the autoanalyser results were compared statistically to biosensor results, 97% accuracy rate was obtained from the drawn ROC curve. Conclusions: By using the method we developed in our study, a portable and non-invasive uric acid analyzer can be produced with advanced studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. The Determination of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods with Optical Biosensors.
- Author
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BİBEROĞLU, Özmen
- Subjects
- *
LISTERIA monocytogenes , *SURFACE plasmon resonance , *BIOSENSORS , *INDUSTRIAL contamination , *FOOD chemistry , *INTRACELLULAR pathogens - Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne intracellular pathogen that is resistant to adverse conditions of food processing and is a causative agent of high mortality listeriosis disease. Analysis of large food lots is limited by culture methods. Nowadays, although the conventional culture methods have been adopted as the gold standard method, they can be insufficient to control food parties that reach very large quantities. Biosensors with on-site detection potential and their characterizing with high accuracy and precision offers many opportunities for real-time estimation of industrial contamination. As the most promising technique for rapid detection of L.monocytogenes, ones based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and fiber optic biosensors (FOBs) where direct or indirect detections can be made by detecting the interaction of the biomarker element with the optical field without marking or labeling, have come to the fore. SPR and FOBs can be detected directly in the range of 102-106 cfu/ml and =101-103 cfu/ml, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Yersinia enterocolitica'nın Tespiti için Altın-nanoparçacık ile Güçlendirilmiş Biyosensör Uygulamalarının Geliştirilmesi.
- Author
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SAVAŞ, Sümeyra
- Subjects
- *
YERSINIA enterocolitica , *ANIMAL communication , *GOLD nanoparticles , *ELECTROCHEMICAL sensors , *FOOD pathogens , *BIOSENSORS , *ALPHA fetoproteins , *BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY - Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica (Y. enterocolitica) is the third most common foodborne zoonotic pathogen belonging to the genus Yersinia which is the member of the Enterobacteriaceae family. It can cause infection in humans as a result of water contaminated with caviar feces or as a result of communication with the infected animal. With its ability to withstand low temperatures, it can continue to reproduce in food in the refrigerator. Therefore, fast and sensitive detection of the pathogen is important for health. In this study, it was aimed to develop an immunosensor reinforced with a gold nanoparticle for the detection of Y. enterocolitica using an electrochemical system. Commercially available Y. enterocolitica positive control and antibody were used in the study. Limit of detection was detected 10² cfu/ml using standard sandwich assay and 37 cfu/ml using gold nanomaterial-amplified antibody sensor. The specificity of the immunoassay was determined by the cross reaction rate of non-antibody-specific antigens. With this study, normal and gold-nanoparticle amplified sandwich assays were developed and used for the detection of commercial Y. enterocolitica. In addition, the effect of gold nanoparticles on measurement sensitivity was determined in the antibody based enzymatic sensor. In the study, electrochemical sensor is used and the immunosensor used in the detection of Y. enterocolitica can be combined with many electrochemical biosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Investigation of the Effects of Exercise Training with Biosensor Device in Multiple Sclerosis.
- Author
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Uz, Muhammed Zahid, Kara, Bilge, İdiman, Fethi, and İdiman, Egemen
- Subjects
- *
MULTIPLE sclerosis , *EXERCISE therapy , *CANCER fatigue , *EXERCISE , *QUALITY of life , *TEST scoring - Abstract
Objectives: Balance disorders are common in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). In balance disorders, exercise therapy is effective and different approaches such as group or individual training are applied. In our study, Biodex Balance System was applied to patients with multiple sclerosis with the biosensor device developed for balance measurement and training. The effects on disability, balance, fatigue, vestibular system and quality of life were investigated. Materials-Methods: A total of 31 MS patients diagnosed were included in our study. When evaluating patients; Neuro-otologic tests for EDSS, Berg Balance Scale for Balance, International MS Quality of Life Scale for Quality of Life (Musiqol) were used and the patients were evaluated twice before and after treatment. The biosensor device developed for the balance measurement and training of Biodex Balance System SD was applied to the participants twice a week for 8 weeks. Results: The mean age of the patients was 49.32 ± 8.20 (35-65) years. Significant differences were found in EDSS scores before and after exercise in MS patients (p <0.05). When the scores of the tests in the MS group were compared with the Biodex Balance Systems before and after the exercise; There was a significant difference between the stance test of the balance parameters, the use of gravity change in different directions (mediolateral and anteroposterior) and the Fall Risk Test scores (p <0.05). MS patients before and after exercise; Significant changes were observed in their balance and neurotologic evaluations (p <0.05). There was no difference in quality of life scores of MS patients before and after exercise (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Biosensor biodex balance device in patients with multiple sclerosis, balance and vestibular system were found to be effective on the training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
29. Rapid identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from various samples with biosensor and genotyping.
- Author
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SAVAŞ, Sümeyra
- Subjects
- *
KLEBSIELLA pneumoniae , *BIOSENSORS , *CONTAMINATION of drinking water , *PULSED-field gel electrophoresis , *TANDEM repeats , *DRINKING water , *BIOELECTROCHEMISTRY - Abstract
The most important cause of Klebsiella spp. contamination of drinking water is the leakage of animal faeces into drinking water sources. Recently, the biosensor technology has quickly begun to replace other methods with its faster finding and reliability. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of the biosensor technology in the rapid detection of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) and to determine the presence of the relationship between K. pneumoniae isolates isolated from the drinking water thought to be contaminated by animal faeces and the clinical isolates. For this purpose, portable, microfluidic electrochemical sensor device version 2 (V2) was used for the detection of K. pneumoniae and results were confirmed with VITEK MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry (VITEK MS) automated system. For the molecular typing of K. pneumoniae isolates, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multiple locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) methods were employed and the results were compared. For these bacteria, the most appropriate typing method was tried to be determined comparatively. PFGE analysis indicated the presence of six different strains, while MLVA divided them into 23 clusters. Clonal relationships were viewed between environmental and clinical isolates. The main goal of this paper is to present, the detailed report of the comparison of the samples isolated from drinking water, animal and human faeces for K. pneumoniae. To accomplish of this goal we introduced that MLVA and PFGE methods. Also, gold nanoparticies enhanced electrochemical biosensor device is used for the determination of K. pneumoniae for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Nanotıp Alanında Kullanılan Sistemler.
- Author
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Tüylek, Zülfü
- Subjects
- *
EMERGING infectious diseases , *HUMAN biology , *MOLECULAR biology , *DIAGNOSIS , *POLLUTION - Abstract
Nanotechnology is production and investigation of miniaturized materials that could be seen by the human eye beyond and working on techniques to exploit them. Growing interest in the future medical applications of nanotechnology is leading to the emergence of a new scientific field that called as nanomedicine. This technology has great potential to provide medical diagnosis, monitor treatment and help in the development of new tools for infectious disease prevention and/or management. The results of these studies are called nanomedicine. Nanomedicine may be defined as the investigating, treating, reconstructing and controlling human biology and health at the molecular level, using engineered nanodevices and nanostructures. This multidisciplinary science, medical and biomedical applications, environmental pollution control, cosmetics, optics, textile, electronics and so on are used. In this study, nanotechnology and nanomedicine fields are examined. Nanomaterials, nanostructures and nanosystems are the most popular and innovative approaches for medical applications. Clearly nanotechnology, has revolutionized medical diagnosis and treatment, and unprecedented methods and opportunities have come to the forefront. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. Production of carbonized conductive electrode material from biomass and its use in bioelectronic applications
- Author
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Küçükayar, Şevki Furkan, Şahin, Samet, and Küçükayar, Şevki Furkan
- Subjects
Enzymatic Fuel Cell ,Biyokütle ,Bioelectronics ,Yenilenebilir Enerji ,Biyosensör ,Biyoelektronik ,Enzimatik Yakıt Hücresi ,Karbonizasyon ,Biomass ,Renewable Energy ,Carbonization ,Biosensor - Abstract
Biyosensörler ve yakıt hücreleri biyobelirteçlerin tayini başta olmak üzere birçok alanda kullanılmaktadır. Enzimatik biyosensörler ve enzimatik yakıt hücreleri enzimlerin fizyolojik şartlarda çalışabilmeleri, yüksek özgüllükleri ve küçük ölçekte tasarım imkânı sağlamaları nedeniyle öne çıkan sistemlerdir. Bu çalışmada, farklı biyokütle kaynakları kullanılarak karbonizasyon yöntemiyle iletken elektrot malzeme hazırlanmış ve elde edilen bu karbonize malzemenin biyoelektronik uygulamalardaki performansının incelenmiştir. Bu kapsamda ilk olarak, hasır otu püskülü (TT) ve kedi söğüdünden (PW) karbonizasyon yöntemiyle iletken karbonize malzemeler elde edilmiştir (CTT ve CPW). Elde edilen karbonize malzemeler fiziksel, kimyasal ve elektrokimyasal yöntemlerle karakterize edilmiş, baskı devre karbon elektrotlar üzerine kaplanmış ve yüzeylerine glikoz oksidaz enzimi tutuklanmıştır. Daha sonra en uygun enzim tutuklama yöntemi belirlenmiş ve biyosensör çalışma potansiyeli, uygulanan enzim ve mediyatör miktarları optimize edilmiştir. Hazırlanan elektrotlar test edilerek, tekrar edilebilirlikleri, raf ömürleri, girişim etkileri, doğrusal çalışma aralıkları, tayin limitleri (LOD ve LOQ) belirlenmiş ve gerçek numune testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Daha sonra bu elektrotlar platin karası ile geliştirilen katot ile birleştirilerek yakıt hücresi testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. CTT ve CPW modifiye elektrotların 5 mM glikoz derişimde tekrar edilebilirlik bağıl standart sapma değerleri sırasıyla % 6,67 ve %12,85 olarak elde edilmiş, 30 günün sonunda akım değişiminin sırasıyla %12,33 ve %19,56 olarak bulunmuştur. Biyosensör, muhtemel girişim yapması beklenen ürik asit, askorbik asit ve insülin varlığında test edildiğinde glikoz cevabına karşı bu maddelerin anlamlı bir girişim etkisi görülmemiştir. Sensörün doğrusal çalışma aralığı her iki malzeme için de 0 – 10 mM olarak belirlenmiş, CTT ve CPW için LOD değerleri ise sırasıyla, 0,45 mM ve 0,31 mM; LOQ değerleri ise sırasıyla 1,35 mM ve 0,93 mM olarak hesaplanmıştır. Biyosensörlerin glikoz tayini için uygulanabilirliği gerçek numune (çilek, vişne ve kayısı reçeli) testleri ile gösterilmiştir. Son olarak, CTT ve CPW ile hazırlanan yakıt hücrelerinden üretilen maksimum güç yoğunluğu değerleri ise sırasıyla 3,54 µW/cm2 ve 3,31 µW/cm2 olarak elde edilmiştir. Biosensors and fuel cells are used in many applications, especially in the determination of biomarkers. Enzymatic biosensors and enzymatic fuel cells, on the other hand, stand out due to the ability of enzymes to work under physiological conditions, their high specificity, and their miniature design possibilities. This study aims to produce conductive electrode materials using different biomass sources via carbonization and to examine the performance of this carbonized material in bioelectronic applications. First, conductive carbonized materials were obtained from typha tassel (TT) and pussy willow (PW) using the carbonization method (CTT and CPW). The carbonized materials obtained were characterized by physical, chemical, and electrochemical methods, coated on screen-printed carbon electrodes and the glucose oxidase enzyme was immobilized on modified surfaces. The most suitable enzyme immobilization method was determined and the biosensor working potential, applied enzyme, and mediator amounts were optimized. The reproducibility, shelf life, interference effects, linear operating ranges, and detection limits (LOD and LOQ) of the prepared electrodes were determined, and real sample tests were carried out. Then, these electrodes were combined with the cathode developed with platinum black, and fuel cell tests were carried out. The relative standard deviation values of the repeatability of CTT and CPW-modified electrodes at 5 mM glucose concentration were calculated as 6.67% and 12.85%, respectively, and the current change at the end of 30 days was found to be 12.33% and 19.56%, respectively. When the biosensor was tested in the presence of uric acid, ascorbic acid, and insulin, no significant interference effect was observed against the glucose response. The linear operating range of the sensor is determined as 0 – 10 mM for both materials, the LOD values for CTT and CPW are 0.45 mM and 0.31 mM, respectively, and the LOQ values are 1.35 mM and 0.93 mM, respectively. The applicability of biosensors for glucose determination has been demonstrated by real sample (strawberry, cherry, and apricot jam) tests. Finally, maximum power density values obtained from fuel cells prepared with CTT and CPW are 3.54 µW/cm2 and 3.31 µW/cm2 , respectively.
- Published
- 2023
32. Ksantin Biyosensörlerin Performansına Çeşitli Çok Duvarlı Karbon Nanotüplerin Etkisi.
- Author
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KAÇAR, Ceren, DALKIRAN, Berna, ERDEN, Pınar Esra, and KILIÇ, Esma
- Abstract
In this study effects of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), and multiwalled carbon nanotubes with carboxyl (COOH-MWCNT), hydroxyl (OHMWCNT) and amino (NH2-MWCNT) functional groups on the response of amperometric xanthine biosensors were investigated. For this purpose, MWCNT and xanthine oxidase (XO) enzyme were dispersed in gelatin solution and aliquots of this solution was drop casted onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode in order to prepare the xanthine biosensors. Working conditions such as optimum pH and enzyme amount of these biosensors were investigated and analytical performances of the biosensors were determined under this optimum conditions. The biosensor prepared with NH2-MWCNT exhibited a xanthine response with the highest sensitivity. The response time, linear working range, detection limit and sensitivity of this biosensor was <15 s; 9.9×10-7 M - 9.4×10-4 M; 8.7×10-7 M; 23.36 μA mM-1 respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Çok Duvarlı Karbon Nanotüpler/Politiyofen Kompozit Kullanılarak Hazırlanan Amperometrik Glikoz Biyosensörü
- Author
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Derya KAHRAMAN and Songül ŞEN GÜRSOY
- Subjects
Polythiophene ,Multi-walled carbon nanotube ,Glucose ,Biosensor ,Composite ,Politiyofen ,Çok duvarlı karbon nanotüp ,Glikoz ,Biyosensör ,Kompozit ,Food Science and Technology ,Food Science ,Gıda Bilimi ve Teknolojisi - Abstract
In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes/polythiophene composite (MWCNTs/PTh) modified glassy carbon electrode was used for the amperometric detection of glucose. Glucose oxidase (GOx) was entrapped by a crosslinking agent on the MWCNTs/PTh composite film synthesized by electrochemical polymerization of thiophene onto MWCNTs. Characterization of composite film was achieved by cyclic voltammetry (CV), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) techniques. The amperometric measurements of electrode was performed at +0.70V vs. SCE, which was the electrooxidation potential of enzymatically produced H2O2. The effects of thiophene amount in the composite, pH, temperature and substrate concentration were investigated on the response of enzyme electrode. Optimum pH was 7.0 at room temperature and the response time of enzyme electrode was 25 s. The upper limit of the linear working range was 4.85 mM glucose concentration. The limit of detection of sensor was calculated as 148 µM. The sensitivity of glucose biosensor was determined as 4.39 µA mM-1 cm-2. The value of apparent Michaelis-Menten constant (KMapp) was 1.68 mM according to the Lineweaver-Burk equation. The activation energy of this immobilized enzyme system was 88.92 kJ mol-1., Bu çalışmada, glikozun amperometrik tespiti için çok duvarlı karbon nanotüpler/politiyofen kompozit (MWCNTs/PTh) modifiye camsı karbon elektrot kullanılmıştır. Glikoz oksidaz (GOx), tiyofenin MWCNT’ler üzerine elektrokimyasal polimerizasyonu ile sentezlenen MWCNT’ler/PTh kompozit film üzerinde çapraz bağlama ajanı tarafından tutulmuştur. Kompozit filmin karakterizasyonu, döngüsel voltametri (CV), fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FTIR) spektroskopisi ve taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) teknikleri ile yapılmıştır. Elektrodun amperometrik ölçümleri, enzimatik olarak üretilen H2O2’nin elektrooksidasyon potansiyeli olan SCE'ye karşı +0.70V’de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Kompozit içindeki tiyofen miktarı, pH, sıcaklık ve substrat derişiminin enzim elektrodunun tepkisi üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Oda sıcaklığında optimum pH, 7.0 olarak bulunmuş ve enzim elektrodunun tepkime süresi 25 saniye olarak belirlenmiştir. Lineer çalışma aralığının üst sınırı 4.85 mM glukoz derişimi olarak elde edilmiştir. Sensörün tespit limiti 148 µM olarak hesaplanmıştır. Geliştirilen glukoz biyosensörünün duyarlılığı 4.39 µA mM-1 cm-2 olarak belirlenmiştir. Lineweaver-Burk denklemine göre görünür Michaelis-Menten sabiti (KMapp) değeri 1.68 mM olarak hesaplanmıştır. Bu immobilize enzim sisteminin aktivasyon enerjisi 88.92 kJ mol-1 olarak bulunmuştur.
- Published
- 2022
34. Kâğıt Tabanlı Mikro Akışkan Kolorimetrik Sensör Sistemleri
- Author
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Bilal KIZILELMA and Zülal BİLİCİ
- Subjects
Paper ,Microfluidics ,Chemical Sensors ,Biosensors ,Colorimetric ,Engineering, Multidisciplinary ,Mühendislik, Ortak Disiplinler ,Kâğıt ,Mikro akışkan ,Kimyasal Sensör ,Biyosensör ,Kolorimetrik - Abstract
Chemical sensor systems is a multidisciplinary field that stands out as a good example of progress in science and technology. Chemical sensors are analytical devices in which the sensing layer, transmission system and signal reading systems are integrated. It has to have criteria such as high sensitivity and selectivity, low cost, easy to use, portability. Basic science and engineering are used to meet the criteria. One of the important structures that provide great advantages in sensor systems and the product of multidisciplinary studies is microfluidic systems. Microfluidic systems are the technology of producing channel structures ranging from 100 nm to 100 µm with different material types such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), glass, and paper. Although each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, it is seen that the applications of μPAD chemical sensors in different fields such as wearable, clinical, food and environment are increasing day by day with the breakthrough studies carried out by the Whitesides Group with Paper-Based Microfluidic (µPAD) Sensors in 2007. In this review article, the history of paper-based microfluidic systems, patterning of paper and chemical sensor applications are presented., Kimyasal sensör sistemleri, bilim ve teknolojideki ilerlemenin güzel bir örneği olarak karşımıza çıkan multidisipliner bir alandır. Kimyasal sensörler, algılayıcı tabaka, iletim sistemi ve sinyal okuma sistemlerinin entegre halde bulunduğu analitik cihazlardır. Hassasiyeti ve seçiciliği yüksek, düşük maliyetli, kullanımı kolay, taşınabilirlik gibi kriterlere sahip olmak zorundadır. Kriterleri sağlayabilmek için temel bilim ve mühendislikten faydalanılmaktadır. Multidisipliner çalışmaların ürünü ve sensör sistemlerinde büyük avantaj sağlayan önemli yapılardan biri de mikro akışkan sistemlerdir. Mikro akışkan sistemler, polidimetilsiloksan (PDMS), cam, kâğıt gibi farklı malzeme türleriyle 100 nm-100 µm arasında değişebilen kanal yapıların üretilebilme teknolojisidir. Her malzemenin kendine has avantaj ve dezavantajı bulunmakla beraber Whitesides Grubu’nun 2007 yılında Kâğıt Tabanlı Mikro akışkan (µPAD) Sensörlerle yapmış olduğu çığır açıcı çalışmalarla, μPAD kimyasal sensörlerin giyilebilir, klinik, gıda ve çevre gibi farklı alanlarda uygulamalarının her geçen gün arttığı görülmektedir. Bu derleme makalede, kâğıt tabanlı mikro akışkan sistemlerin tarihçesi, kâğıdın desenlendirmesi ve kimyasal sensör uygulamaları aktarılmaktadır.
- Published
- 2022
35. A field effect biosensor platform design for BNP protein detection
- Author
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Akçay, Aleyna and Ünlü, Cumhur Gökhan
- Subjects
Heart Failure ,Graphene Field Effect Transistor ,Beyin Natriüretik Peptit ,Biyosensör ,Grafen Alan Etkili Transistör ,Kalp Yetmezliği ,Brain Natriuretic Peptide ,Biosensor - Abstract
Bu tez çalışması “TÜBİTAK Bilim İnsanı Destek Programları Başkanlığı (BİDEB)” tarafından 2210-C Yurt İçi Öncelikli Alanlar Yüksek Lisans Burs Programı ile ve Pamukkale Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinatörlüğü tarafından 2021FEBE036 nolu proje ile desteklenmiştir. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, dünya çapında çoğu ülkede önde gelen ölüm nedenidir ve hastalığın en önemli klinik belirtilerinden biri Kalp Yetmezliğidir (KY). Halen KY'den şüphelenilen hastalara tıbbi öykü, fizik muayene, elektrokardiyogram (EKG) ve kan testleri de dâhil olmak üzere tanı ve değerlendirmesi yapılmaktadır. KY sırasında kalp tarafından salgılanan bir protein olan Beyin Natriüretik Peptid (BNP), kardiyak bir hormondur ve KY durumunda önemli bir biyo belirteçtir. Hâlihazırda kullanılmakta olan kan testleri ile tespit edilmektedir. Bununla birlikte, çoğu test, merkezi bir laboratuvar ortamında yapılmaktadır ve 90-120 dakikalık bir geri dönüş süresine sahiptir. Bu kısıtlamalardan ötürü KY‟nin değerlendirilmesinde hekimi yönlendirecek pratik bir belirtece ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. KY sırasında kalp tarafından salgılanan bir protein olan, BNP proteininden oluşan ve BNP‟ye kıyasla daha uzun yarı ömre sahip olan NT-proBNP‟nin az miktarda kan örneği üzerinden hassas ve hızlı sonuç verebilen bir biyosensör tasarımı oluşturulması, KY hastaları adına hayati önem taşımaktadır. Grafen tabanlı alan Alan Etkili Transistör (GFET) temelli biyosensörler, potansiyel olarak düşük maliyet, yüksek hassasiyet ve özgüllük ile hızlı, etiketsiz, elektriksel olarak algılama yapabilmeleri nedeniyle belirtilen kriterleri karşılama potansiyelindedir. Bu tez çalışmasında Fotolitografi ve Electrone Beam Lithography (EBL) yöntemleri kullanılarak Alan Etkili Transistör (FET) yapılı biyosensör platformları tasarlanmıştır. Kimyasal Buhar Biriktirme (CVD) Yöntemi ve Eksfoliasyon Yöntemi ile elde edilen 2 boyutlu grafen nanomalzemesi, çeşitli kimyasal metotlar kullanılarak bu elektrot yapılarına transfer edilerek, GFET biyosensör platformları elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen biyosensör platformlarının yapısal ve elektriksel karakterizasyonları (kuru ve sıvı koşullarda, back ve top gate konfigürasyonlarında) yapılmıştır. Heart Failure (HF) is one of the most common clinical presentations of cardiovascular disease and is the leading cause of death in most cases. Medical history, physical examination, electrocardiogram, and blood tests are used to diagnose and evaluate patients who are suspected of having heart failure worldwide. Brain Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) is a cardiac hormone and an important biomarker in HF. It is a protein that is produced by the heart during heart failure. Currently, blood tests are utilized to detect it. These tests are conducted in a central laboratory setting and take 90-120 minutes to complete. On a limited amount of blood samples, HF patients must develop a sensitive and quick biosensor design for NT-proBNP. It is a protein released by the heart during HF, comprises BNP protein, and has a longer half-life than BNP. Due to their capacity to provide quick, label-free electrical sensing with possibly low cost, high sensitivity, and specificity, graphene-based field Field-Effect Transistor-based (GFET) biosensors have the potential to meet specified criteria. Photolithography and Electron Beam Lithography were used to construct biosensor platforms as a Field Effect Transistor structure. To make GFET biosensors, the 2-dimensional graphene nanomaterial was synthesized by Chemical Vapor Deposition and Exfoliation Methods and then transformed into these electrode structures. The designed biosensor platforms were evaluated structurally and electrically (in dry and liquid conditions, including back and top gate configurations).
- Published
- 2022
36. Pestisit Analizlerinde Asetilkolinesteraz İnhibisyonuna Dayalı İletken Polimer Esaslı Biyosensörler.
- Author
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Gürsoy, Songül Şen and Gürsoy, Oğuz
- Abstract
Pesticides commonly used worldwide are chemicals used as agricultural, industrial, domestic and war materials. Although pesticides are very strongly associated with many health problems, there is a serious lack of monitoring and identification of these pollutants. Conventional chromatographic methods such as high performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry are effective methods for pesticide analysis in foods. However, these methods have considerable limitations in terms of complex processes, time-consuming preparatory steps, expensive equipment and expert staff requirements. Biosensors are preferred devices for the determination of pesticides because of their simplicity, high sensitivity, short analysis time and low analysis cost, as well as their applicability to real time measurements. For more than fifteen years, biosensors based on enzyme inhibition have been developed to monitor pesticide residues for food control and safety. Conductive polymers have been used during constructions of these pesticide biosensors. In this study, studies on biosensors used for pesticide analyses were summarized and then researches on acetylcholinesterase inhibition based biosensors developed by using conducting polymers for pesticide analyses were reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Grafen Oksit-Polianilin Nanokompozit Temelli Amperometrik Glukoz Biyosensörü Geliştirilmesi.
- Author
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Çoğal, Sadık
- Abstract
In this study, Pt electrode was modified with graphene oxide-polyaniline (GO-PANI) nanocomposite and used in the fabrication of amperometric glucose biosensor. Glucose oxidase (GOD) was immobilized on the modified Pt electrode by using a cross-linking agent. The proposed Pt/GO-PANI/GOD biosensor exhibited a sensitivity value of 36.11 μA mM-1 cm-2 with a linear range of 0.59-9.15 mM and the detection limit of 0.24 mM under optimum conditions. The interference effects of ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) on the developed glucose biosensor were studied, and it was observed that the biosensor was highly selective to glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. A novel immobilization matrix for the biosensing of phenol: self assembled monolayers of calixarenes.
- Author
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Tasci, Filiz, Sayin, Serkan, Seleci, Didem Ag, Demir, Bilal, Azak, Hacer, Yildiz, Huseyin Bekir, Demirkol, Dilek Odaci, and Timur, Suna
- Subjects
- *
PHENOL , *BIOSENSORS , *CALIXARENES , *LACCASE , *THIOLS - Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Development of graphene field-effect biosensor design for ferritin detection
- Author
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Koyun, Hatice Nur and Ünlü, Cumhur Gökhan
- Subjects
Kimyasal Buhar Biriktirme ,Ferritin ,Graphene Field Effect Transistor ,Chemical Vapor Deposition ,Elektriksel Karakterizasyon ,Electrical Characterization ,Biyosensör ,Grafen Alan Etkili Transistör ,Capacitive EIS Field Effect Transistor ,Kapasitif EIS Alan Etkili Transistör ,Biosensor - Abstract
Bir demir depolama proteini olan ferritin, insanda oldukça yaygın olarak görülen demir eksikliği anemisi hastalığında belirteç olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca, ferritin insan vücudundaki demir dengesi ya da metabolizması için kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Her yaş grubunun savunmasız olduğu demir eksikliğinin uzun süre devamlılığı artan ölüm oranları ile ilişkili olmakla beraber çocuklarda gelişimi kalıcı olarak bozabilir. Bu nedenle demir eksikliğinin erken teşhisi ve sık sık kontrol edilmesi, demir eksikliği sonuçlarından kaçınmak için oldukça gereklidir. Biyomedikal uygulamalar için kullanılan alan etkili transistör (FET) biyosensörleri dönüştürücülerinde biyoreseptör modifikasyonu için kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca nanomalzemelerin kullanılması ile FET biyosensörleri sağlam bir ilerleme kaydetmiştir. Bu çalışmada ferritin tayinine yönelik bir grafen alan etkili transistör biyosensör (GFET) platformu ve kapasitif EIS (elektrolit-yalıtkan-yarı iletken) FET biyosensör platformu geliştirilmiştir. FET’lerde iki boyutlu bir nanomalzeme olan grafenin kullanılmasıyla biyosensörün performansı üst düzeye çıkartılmıştır. Ayrıca biyosensör modifikasyon çalışmalarında nanopartiküllerin kullanılmasıyla yüksek hassasiyete ve seçiciliğe sahip bir biyoalgılama cihazı geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Tek tabakalı grafen kimyasal buhar biriktirme yöntemiyle üretilmiştir ve yapısal karakterizasyonu Raman Spektroskopisi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Grafen, fotolitografi yöntemi ile üretilen farklı drain-source kanal aralıklarına sahip katkılı Si/SiO2 alttaşlara başarılı bir şekilde transfer edilmiştir. GFET’in elektriksel karakterizasyonu transfer ve çıkış eğrileri elde edilerek yapılmıştır. Ayrıca, devrenin iletkenliğe cevabı farklı tip gate elektrodu uygulanarak oluşturmuştur. Ek olarak, kanal genişliğine bağlı olarak değişen sensör direnci analiz edilmiştir. Biyosensör yüzey modifikasyonu üzerine çalışılan Kapasitif EIS FET’in ise elektrokimyasal olarak karakterize edilmiştir. Yüzey modifikasyon çalışmalarının sinyale etkisi kapasitans-voltaj (C-V) ve sabit kapasitans (ConCap) eğrileri elde edilerek analiz edilmiştir. Ferritin, an iron storage protein, is used as a marker in iron deficiency anemia, which is very common in humans. Also, it is a crucial protein for iron balance or metabolism in the human body. Long-term persistence of iron deficiency, to which all age groups are vulnerable, is associated with increased death rates, but it can permanently impair development in children. Therefore, early diagnosis and frequent control of iron deficiency are essential to avoid the consequences. Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors used for biomedical applications are utilized for bioreceptor modification in transducers. They also made solid progress with the use of nanomaterials. Here, a graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) biosensor platform and a capacitive EIS (electrolyte-insulator-semiconductor) field-effect transistor biosensor platform for ferritin determination were developed. With the use of Graphene, a two-dimensional nanomaterial in FETs, the performance of the biosensor is increased to a higher level. Also, The high sensitivity and selectivity are aimed to achieve by developing biosensor modification studies using nanoparticles. Monolayer graphene was produced by the chemical vapor deposition method, and its structural characterization was done using Raman Spectroscopy. Graphene has been successfully transferred to doped Si/SiO2 substrates with different drain-source channel spacings by using photolithography. The GFET system was characterized by obtaining the transfer and output curves. Also, the conduction response of the created circuit was examined by applying different types of gate electrodes. Additionally, the change in sensor resistance depending on the channel width was analyzed. The Capacitive EIS FET, which was studied on biosensor surface modification, was electrochemically characterized. The effects of surface modification on the signal were analyzed by obtaining capacitance-voltage (C-V) and constant capacitance (ConCap) curves.
- Published
- 2022
40. An alternative method for the determination of Bisphenol-A: Alkanthiol/gold nanoparticle/ 3-mercaptopropionic acid modified enzyme-based biosensor system
- Author
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Temel, Hatice Cansu, Akyılmaz, Erol, and Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyoteknoloji Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Bisfenol A ,Altın Nanopartikül ,Katalaz ,Bisphenol A ,Sisteamine ,Biyosensör ,3- Merkaptopropiyonik Asit ,Sisteamin ,Catalase ,3-Mercaptopropionic Acid ,Biosensor ,Gold Nanoparticle - Abstract
Çalışmanın amacı, hidrojen peroksit içeren çalışma ortamında önemli bir kanserojen olarak değerlendirilen Bisfenol A'nın katalaz enzimi üzerindeki inhibisyon etkisini dikkate alarak, BPA’nın spesifik tayini amacıyla katalaz enzim temelli yeni bir biyosensör geliştirmektir. Bu amaç dahilinde hazırlanan karbon pasta elektrot yüzeyine ilk olarak 10 mM’lık sisteamin çözeltisi damlatıldı. Bu sayede elektrot yüzeyinde tiyol grupları oluşturuldu ve ardından damlatılan 5 nm altın nanopartiküllerin tiyol grupları üzerinden immobilizasyonu sağlandı. Modifiye elektrot üzerine 10 mM’lık 3-merkaptopropiyonik asit damlatıldı ve karboksil gruplarını aktive etmek için elektrot 50 mM’lık EDC-NHS (1:1) çözeltisine daldırıldı. Son aşamada 10 mg/ml’lik katalaz enzim çözeltisi damlatılarak biyosensör hazırlandı. Sis/AuNP/3-MPA/Kat enzim temelli biyosensörün pH, sıcaklık ve tampon sistemi optimizasyonu yapılarak çalışma koşulları; enzim miktarı ve AuNP boyutu optimizasyonu yapılarak da biyoaktif tabaka bileşenleri ile ilgili parametreler belirlenmiştir. Biyosensörün karakterizasyonuna yönelik çalışmalarda ise doğrusal tayin aralığı, tekrarlanabilirlik, susbstrat spesifikliği, kronoamperometrik ölçümler ve örnek uygulaması amacı ile damacana suda BPA tayini ile ilgili sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Tasarlanan biyosensör ile diferansiyel puls voltametirisi (DPV) metodu kullanılarak -0,15 V & +0,95 V potansiyel aralıkta ve K4[Fe(CN)6] içeren ortamda ölçümler alınmıştır. H2O2 konsantrasyonu (500 μM) sabit tutulurken BPA konsantrasyonu arttırılarak ölçümler yapılmıştır. BPA’nın katalaz enzimi üzerindeki inhibisyon etkisi ile artan BPA konsantrasyonu ile orantılı akım değerleri elde edilmiştir ve standart grafiği çizilmiştir. Deneysel çalışmalardan elde edilen sonuçlar incelenerek en iyi çalışma ortamı koşullarının 25 ºC’de 50 mM, pH 7,0 potasyum fosfat tamponu olduğu belirlenmiştir. BPA'nın doğrusal tayin aralığı 0,25 - 2,5 μM olarak bulunmuştur. Tekrarlanabilirlik çalışmaları ile 0,75 μM BPA için yapılan (n=10) ölçüm ile ortalama değer (x-)= 0, 756 μM, standart sapma (S.S.)= ± 0,769 μM ve % varyasyon katsayısı (%V.K.)= % 1,31 olarak bulunmuştur. Biyosensörün cevap süresi 22 saniyedir. Diferansiyel puls voltammetrisi ile yapılan çalışmanın tayin limiti 0,16 μM ve amperometri çalışmasının tayin limiti 0,45 μM ‘dir. Son olarak 6 ay boyunca bekletilmiş damaca suda BPA tayini için hazırlanan enzim temelli elektrotla ölçümler yapılmıştır., The aim of the study is to develop a new catalase enzyme-based biosensor for the specific determination of Bisphenol A, which is considered an important carcinogen based on the inhibition effect of Bisphenol A on the catalase enzyme in a working environment containing hydrogen peroxide. For this purpose, 10 mM cysteamine solution was first dripped onto the prepared carbon paste electrode surface. In this way, thiol groups were formed on the electrode surface and then immobilization of the dripped 5 nm gold nanoparticles over the thiol groups was achieved. 3-mercaptopropionic acid of 10 mM was dripped onto the modified electrode and the electrode was immersed in a 50 mM EDC-NHS (1:1) solution to activate the carboxyl groups. At the final stage, a 10 mg/ml catalase enzyme solution was dripped and a biosensor was prepared. By optimizing the pH, temperature and buffer system of the Cys/AuNP/3-MPA/Cat enzyme-based biosensor, the operating conditions were determined; the amount of enzymes and the size of AuNP were optimized, and the parameters related to the bioactive layer components were determined. In the studies aimed at characterizing the biosensor, results were obtained regarding the determination of BPA in the water of the vessel for the purpose of linear range of determination, repeatability, substrate specificity, chronoamperometric measurements and sample application. Measurements were taken using the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method in the potential range of -0,15 V & +0,95 V and in the medium containing K4[Fe(CN)6] with the designed biosensor. While the H2O2 concentration (500 μM) was kept constant, measurements were made by increasing the BPA concentration. Due to the inhibition effect of BPA on the catalase enzyme, current values proportional to the increased BPA concentration were obtained and the standart graph was plotted. When the results obtained from experimental studies were examined, it was determined that the best working environment conditions were 50 mM at 25 ºC and pH 7,0 potassium phosphate buffer. The linear range of determination of BPA was found to be 0,25 – 2,5 μM. After the repeatability studies, the mean value (x)= 0,756 μM with the measurement (n=10) made for 0.75 μM BPA, the standard deviation (S.S.)= ± 0,769 μM and % coefficient of variation (% V.K.)= 1,31%. The response time of the biosensor is 22 seconds. The limit of detection of the study with differential pulse voltammetry is 0,16 μM and the limit of detection of the amperometry study is 0,45 μM. Finally, measurements were made with an enzyme-based electrode prepared for the determination of BPA in the water of the vessel, which was kept for 6 months.
- Published
- 2022
41. Preparation of electrode with 3D printing technique for electrochemical biosensor applications
- Author
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Günden, Fatma Selen, Kara Kadayıfcılar, Pınar, and Ege Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Biyomedikal Teknolojiler Ana Bilim Dalı
- Subjects
Karbon Bazlı Filament ,Voltammetry Techniques ,3B Baskı Teknolojisi ,Voltametri Teknikleri ,Biyosensör ,Electrochemistry ,Elektrokimya ,Biosensor ,3D Printing Technology ,Carbon Based Filaments - Abstract
Bu çalışmada 3 boyutlu baskı tekniği ile elektrokimyasal biyosensör uygulamalarında kullanılmak üzere üçlü elektrot sisteminin bir parçası olan çalışma elektrotları hazırlanmıştır. Tasarlanan elektrotlar önce 3 boyutlu katı modelleme programı ile çizilip daha sonra 3 boyutlu yazıcı ile karbon siyahı/polilaktik asit (CB/PLA) bazlı filament kullanılarak üretilmiştir. Tasarlanan bu elektrotların (3DcbE) ilk önce elektrokimyasal uygulamaları saptanmasının ardından elektrokimyasal biyosensörlere uygulama çalışmaları gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında ilk olarak, modellenen elektrotların dilimleyici bir program ile G-koda dönüştürülmesinin ardından kaynaşmış birikim modellemesi (FDM) yöntemi ile çalışan bir 3 boyutlu yazıcı ile üretilmişlerdir. Çalışma elektordu kapasitelerinin araştırılması amacıyla 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]-3/-4 varlığında döngüsel (CV) ve diferansiyel puls voltametrisi (DPV) teknikler ile elektrokimyasal ölçümler alınmıştır. Farklı kalınlıklardaki iletkenlik düzeyleri ve 3 boyutlu yazıcı baskı prosedürü sırasındaki üretim kolaylığı dikkate alınarak en uygun elektrot boyutu seçilmiştir. Boyutları belirlenen elektrotların iletkenlik düzeylerini iyileştirmek adına farklı yüzey aktivasyon işlemlerine (mekanik, kimyasal, elektrokimyasal) tabi tutulmuşlardır. En uygun (kimyasal/elektrokimyasal) yüzey hazırlama tekniği saptanmasının ardından bu elektrotların iletkenlik düzeyinin iyileştirilmesi çalışmalarına devam edilmiş böylece biyosensör uygulamaları için optimizasyon işlemler tamamlanmıştır. Tüm bunların ardından elektrokimyasal DNA biyosensörlerinde sensör yüzeyi olarak kullanıma başlanmıştır. Buna yönelik yapılan ilk çalışmalarda balık sperminden elde edilmiş çift sarmal DNA (dsDNA) kullanılmış ve bu molekülün işaretsiz (label- free) olarak biyoelektronik tayinine yönelik biyosensör geliştirilmesi çalışmalarına devam edilmiştir. Bu amaçla, 3DcbE ile dsDNA'nın çözelti içinde, adsorbe yüzeyde ve kovalent bağlı yüzeylerde DPV ile ölçümleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda Guanin bazının elektrokimyasal sinyali (1.0V) esas alınmış ve en uygun yüzey bağlama tekniği optimize edilmiştir. 3DcbE yüzeyler ile dsDNA'nın elektrokimyasal olarak görüntülenmesinin ardından sensör yüzeylerinde kısa oligonükleotit dizileri kullanılarak hibridizasyon işlemi gerçekleştirilmiş ve DPV ile görüntülenmiştir. Hazırlanan çalışma elektrotları kullanılarak alınan ölçümler elektrokimyasal çalışmalarda sıklıkla tercih edilen tek kullanımlık kalem grafit elektrotlar (PGE) ve Perde Baskılı Elektrotlar (SPE) ile elektrokimyasal yanıt, DNA bağlama kapasitesi, LOD, LOQ, maliyet gibi parametreler esas alınarak karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. 3 boyutlu baskı teknolojisinin yenilikçi yönü, farklı boyutlarda hazırlanabilmesi, düşük maliyet gibi özellikleri ile yeni nesil minyatürize edilebilir biyosensörlerin geliştirilmesine olanak sağlamaktadır. Tez kapsamında tasarlanan 3DcbE elektrotlar ile hastalıkların teşhisinde son yıllarda ticari olarak geliştirilebilir, hasta başında analize uyumlu (Point of care –POC) tanı yöntem ve cihazlarının tasarımlarını mümkün kılacaktır., In this study, working electrodes, which are a part of the triple electrode system, were prepared to be used in electrochemical biosensor applications with 3D printing technique. The designed electrodes were first drawn with a 3D solid modeling program and then produced with a 3D printer using carbon black/polylactic acid (CB/PLA) based filament. After the electrochemical applications of these designed electrodes (3DcbE) were determined first, application studies were carried out on electrochemical biosensors. Within the scope of the study, firstly, after the modeled electrodes were converted to G-code with a slicer program, they were produced with a 3D printer working with the fused deposition modeling (FDM) method. In order to investigate the working electrode capacities, electrochemical measurements were taken with cyclic (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques in the presence of 1 mM [Fe(CN)6]-3/-4. The most suitable electrode size was chosen considering the conductivity levels in different thicknesses and the ease of production during the 3D printer printing procedure. In order to improve the conductivity levels of the electrodes whose sizes were determined, they were subjected to different surface activation processes (mechanical, chemical, electrochemical). After the determination of the most suitable (chemical/electrochemical) surface preparation technique, studies to improve the conductivity level of these electrodes were continued, thus optimization processes for biosensor applications were completed. After all, it started to be used as a sensor surface in electrochemical DNA biosensors. In the first studies conducted for this purpose, double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) obtained from fish sperm was used and biosensor development studies for the label-free bioelectronic determination of this molecule were continued. For this purpose, measurements of 3DcbE and dsDNA in solution, on adsorbed surfaces and on covalently bonded surfaces with DPV were carried out. In these studies, the electrochemical signal (1.0V) of the guanine base was based and the most suitable surface bonding technique was optimized. After electrochemical imaging of dsDNA with 3DcbE surfaces, hybridization was performed using short oligonucleotide sequences on the sensor surfaces and visualized with DPV. Measurements taken using the prepared working electrodes were compared with disposable graphite pencil electrodes (PGE) and Screen Printed Electrodes (SPE), which are frequently preferred in electrochemical studies, on the basis of parameters such as electrochemical response, DNA binding capacity, LOD, LOQ, cost. The innovative aspect of 3D printing technology allows the development of new generation miniaturizable biosensors with its features such as being prepared in different sizes and low cost. With the 3DcbE electrodes designed within the scope of the thesis, it will enable the designs of diagnostic methods and devices that can be developed commercially in recent years and are compatible with point of care (POC) analysis in the diagnosis of diseases.
- Published
- 2022
42. A Chemiluminescence Based Optical Biosensor Coupled with Immunomagnetic Separation for the Detection of β-Glucuronidase from Escherichia coli.
- Author
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Tağı, Şeref and Rand, Arthur G.
- Subjects
- *
IMMUNOMAGNETIC separation , *CHEMILUMINESCENCE , *BIOSENSORS , *GLUCURONIDASE , *ESCHERICHIA coli , *OPTICAL waveguides - Abstract
A biosensor was developed using a magnetic focusing optical waveguide (glass tubular probe) for the detection of glucuronidase (GUS) from Escherichia coli based on immunomagnetic separation and chemiluminescent measurement. The magnetic focusing resulted in a lower chemiluminescent signal than that obtained without magnetic-focusing, mainly due to the diffusion of the chemiluminescent reaction products into the solution rather than concentrating around the GUS enzyme captured by the antibodies on the paramagnetic beads. A microwell format was also tested for the chemiluminescent assay. A linear relationship was observed between log-GUS concentration and log-chemiluminescent signal for the microwell and magnetic focusing formats with a limit of detection as low as 100 and 1000 pg GUS/mL, respectively. The microwell format had the potential to be improved for higher sensitivity. The procedure was simple and rapid, and the whole assay could be completed in 70 min. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
43. Sütte Laktoz Tayini İçin Biyosensörlerin Kullanımı.
- Author
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Çoğal, Sadık, Şen Gürsoy, Songül, Çelik Çoğal, Gamze, and Gürsoy, Oğuz
- Abstract
Lactose content of milk is a basic indicator for the evaluation of milk quality. Various methods are used for the determination of lactose; however, many of these methods are generally time-consuming, labor-intensive and expensive for routine quality control applications. Biosensors offer a cheap, quick, and reliable alternative for lactose determination. Until today many different types of biosensors have been developed. These biosensors are mostly enzyme sensors, which are developed by the immobilization of different enzymes, based on amperometric and conductivity measurements. In this present study, the structure and properties of biosensors are presented, and studies on different enzyme biosensors developed for the determination of lactose using different immobilization methods and materials are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
44. Sulu Ortamlardaki Formaldehitin Ölçümü İçin Biyosensör Dizaynı.
- Author
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Korkut, Şeyda and Kılıç, Muhammet Samet
- Abstract
Copyright of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal / Karaelmas Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi is the property of Karaelmas Science & Engineering Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
45. Çeşitli Meyve Suları ve Şifalı Bitkilerin Prooksidan Aktivitelerinin Altın Nanoküme Biyosensörleri ve Karbonil Yöntemi ile Karşılaştırılması
- Author
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AKYÜZ, Esin
- Subjects
Chemistry, Applied ,Chemistry, Analytical ,Prooksidan aktivite ,Altın nanoküme ,Protein oksidasyonu ,Biyosensör ,Meyve suyu ,Şifalı bitki ,Kimya, Uygulamalı ,Prooxidant activity,Gold nanocluster,Protein oxidation,Biosensor,Fruit juice,Herb ,Kimya, Analitik - Abstract
Under oxidative stress conditions, which are defined as the deterioration of antioxidant and prooxidant balance in the organism in favor of prooxidants, ROS species that trigger the formation of various diseases occur. The fact that these harmful species cause oxidative damage to biological macromolecules is expressed as prooxidant activity. In this study, Cu(II)‒catalyzed prooxidant activities of pomegranate, apricot, peach, and pear juices and extracts of mint, white tea, and rosehip were measured by using gold nanoclusters synthesized via chicken egg white proteins. Fluorometric and spectrophotometric gold nanocluster biosensors and carbonyl assay were used. The fruit juices were used directly by diluting with pure water. Herbal plant samples were extracted in an ultrasonic water bath, filtered through microfilters, and stored in the refrigerator. Total prooxidant activities of fruit juices and herbal plants were calculated in terms of mM epicatechin equivalent, and the results obtained by applying all methods were compared with each other. It has been found that the applied methods can be used to accurately determine the total prooxidant activity of many food products., Organizmadaki antioksidan ve prooksidan dengesinin prooksidanlar lehine bozulması olarak tanımlanan oksidatif stres koşulları altında, çeşitli hastalıkların oluşumunu tetikleyen ROS türleri meydana gelmektedir. Bu zararlı türlerin biyolojik makromoleküllerin oksidatif hasarına sebep olması prooksidan aktivite olarak ifade edilir. Bu çalışmada yumurta akı proteinleri ile sentezlenen altın nanokümeler kullanılarak nar, kayısı, şeftali ve armut suları ile nane, beyaz çay ve kuşburnu özütlerinin Cu(II)‒katalizli prooksidan aktiviteleri ölçüldü. Florometrik ve spektrofotometrik altın nanoküme biyosensörleri ile karbonil yöntemi kullanıldı. Meyve suları doğrudan saf suyla seyreltilerek kullanıldı. Şifalı bitki örnekleri ise ultrasonik su banyosunda ekstrakte edildikten sonra mikrofiltreden süzülüp buzdolabında saklandı. Meyve suları ve şifalı bitkilerin toplam prooksidan aktiviteleri mM epikateşin eşdeğeri cinsinden hesaplandı ve tüm yöntemlerin uygulanmasıyla elde edilen sonuçlar birbirleri ile karşılaştırıldı. Uygulanan yöntemlerin birçok gıda ürününün toplam prooksidan aktivitesinin hassas bir şekilde tayin edilebilmesi için kullanılabileceği görüldü.
- Published
- 2021
46. DNA Biyosensör Uygulamaları İçin Karbon Nanotüp Modifiye Yüzeylerin Ferrisiyanür ve Guanin Sinyallerine Dayalı Olarak Elektrokimyasal İncelenmesi
- Author
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Dilşat Ariksoysal and Ege Üniversitesi
- Subjects
elektrokimyasal teknikler ,02 engineering and technology ,İnşaat Mühendisliği ,dna ,Electrochemistry ,01 natural sciences ,Kimya, Analitik ,Gıda Bilimi ve Teknolojisi ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,biyosensör ,Fizik, Akışkanlar ve Plazma ,lcsh:Science ,010302 applied physics ,Fizikokimya ,General Medicine ,Mühendislik, Makine ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Kimya, Uygulamalı ,Biyoloji Çeşitliliğinin Korunması ,nükleik asit hibridizasyonu ,Fizik, Nükleer ,Ferricyanide ,0210 nano-technology ,Biyoloji ,nucleic acid hybridization ,Fizik, Partiküller ve Alanlar ,Guanine ,perde baskılı elektrot (spe) ,Fizik, Atomik ve Moleküler Kimya ,biosensor ,Mühendislik, Kimya ,Fizik, Katı Hal ,0103 physical sciences ,screen printed electrode(spe) ,lcsh:Science (General) ,Kimya, Tıbbi ,Kimya, Organik ,carbon nanotubes ,chemistry ,Çevre Mühendisliği ,electrochemical techniques ,karbon nanotüpler ,lcsh:TA1-2040 ,Bilgisayar Bilimleri, Bilgi Sistemleri ,Mühendislik, Jeoloji ,lcsh:Q ,Fizik, Matematik ,lcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ,Biosensor ,Nuclear chemistry ,lcsh:Q1-390 - Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the performance of carbon nanotubes (CNT) modified carbon paste and carbon printed electrodes (SPE) produced in laboratory conditions. the effect of carbon nanotube use on signal enrichment was determined by using cyclic voltammetry (CV), square wave voltammetry (SWV) or differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques based on potassium ferricyanide/ ferrocyanide or guanine signal. the application of different activation procedures to the electrode surface such as chemical (H2SO4, acetone, N,N-Dimethylformamide or NaOH) or electrochemical (different potential applications) were presented in this study. It was observed that the activation procedure applied to the nanotube modified electrode has strong effects on signal enrichment. From these procedures it was determined that the guanine signal obtained in activation with NaOH increased about 62-fold. It was also found that different nanotube species gave different responses to the activation processes. the optimum conditions of the nanotube-based biosensor were also presented., Bu çalışmada karbon nanotüpler (CNT) ile modifiye edilmiş karbon pastası (CPE) ve laboratuvar koşullarında basılarak üretilen perde baskılı karbon (SPE) elektrotların performansı karşılaştırılmış ve dönüşümlü voltametri(CV), kare dalga voltametri (SWV) veya diferansiyel puls voltametri (DPV) teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilen potasyum ferri / ferrosiyanür veya guanin sinyallerindeki artış miktarı tayin edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada elektrotlara kimyasal (H2SO4, aseton, N, N-Dimetilformamid veya NaOH) veya elektrokimyasal (farklı potansiyel uygulamaları) gibi farklı aktivasyon prosedürleri uygulanmıştır. Nanotüp modifiye elektrota uygulanan aktivasyon prosedürünün sinyal zenginleşmesi üzerine güçlü etkileri olduğu gözlenmiştir. Bu prosedürlerden NaOH ile aktivasyonda elde edilen guanin sinyalinin yaklaşık 62 kat arttığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada ayrıca farklı nanotüp türlerinin aktivasyon proseslerine farklı yanıtlar verdiği de bulunmuştur. Nanotüp bazlı biyosensörün optimum şartları da ayrıca sunulmuştur.
- Published
- 2019
47. Detection of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Bacteria Using Liquid Crystals
- Author
-
Emine KEMİKLİOGLU and Ebru TUNCGOVDE
- Subjects
MRSA bacteria ,Biyosensör ,MRSA bakterileri ,Sıvı kristal ,Biosensors ,Engineering ,Mühendislik ,Biosensor ,Liquid crystal ,liquid crystal - Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an essential pathogen for public health and this bacteria commonly cause serious infectious in humans. In recent years, MRSA bacteria are detected by the bacterial culture and nucleic acid-based methods which are time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this study, a novel liquid crystal (LC)-based biosensing system was developed to overcome these limitations. The objective of this study was to detect the presence of MRSA bacteria which prepared within the isotonic water and phosphate buffer saline (PBS). In this system, the binding of MRSA bacteria to the dimethyloctadecyl [3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl] ammonium chloride (DMOAP)-coated surface disrupted the orientation of LCs, triggering a transition from a homeotropic orientation to a random one. This transition in the orientation of the LCs was observed as a change from a dark optical LC image to a bright one under a polarized light microscope (POM) and the reflection values of LC molecules were determined by using a spectrometer. Through this sensing mechanism, MRSA bacteria prepared within the isotonic water was detected ranging from the 9.2x103 CFU/mL to 9.2x107 CFU/mL concentration. Furthermore, MRSA bacteria prepared in PBS was detected in the concentration range of 7.1x104 CFU/mL to 7.1x108 CFU/mL by using this system., Metisiline dirençli Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), halk sağlığı için temel bir patojendir ve bu bakteri genellikle insanlarda ciddi enfeksiyonlara neden olur. Son yıllarda MRSA bakterileri, zaman alıcı ve emek yoğun olan bakteri kültür ve nükleik asit esaslı yöntemlerle tespit edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, bu sınırlamaların üstesinden gelmek için yeni bir sıvı kristal tabanlı biyoalgılama sistemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı, izotonik su ve fosfat tamponlu salin (PBS) içinde hazırlanan MRSA bakterilerinin varlığını tespit etmekti. Bu sistemde, MRSA bakterilerinin dimetiloktadesil [3- (trimetoksisilil) propil] amonyum klorür (DMOAP) kaplı yüzeye bağlanması, LC'lerin oryantasyonunu bozarak homeotropik bir yönelimden rasgele olana geçişi tetikledi. LC'lerin yönelimindeki bu geçiş, polarize ışık mikroskobu (POM) altında karanlık bir optik LC görüntüsünden parlak bir görünüme bir değişim olarak gözlemlendi ve LC moleküllerinin yansıma değerleri bir spektrometre kullanılarak belirlendi. Bu algılama mekanizması sayesinde, izotonik su içerisinde hazırlanan MRSA bakterileri 9,2x103 CFU/mL ila 9, x107 CFU/mL konsantrasyon aralığında tespit edildi. Ayrıca bu sistem kullanılarak 7.1x104 CFU/mL ile 7.1x108 CFU/mL konsantrasyon aralığında PBS'de hazırlanan MRSA bakterileri tespit edildi.
- Published
- 2021
48. Biyolojik Sistemlerde Gelecekteki Nano / biyosensör Ürünlerine Hazırlık
- Author
-
Tüylek, Zülfü
- Subjects
Agricultural, Engineering ,Mühendislik, Ziraat ,Biosensing ,Biyoalgılama ,Biyosensör ,Nanobiyosensör ,Nanosensor ,Biyosistem ,Biyoalgılama,Biyosistem,Biyosensör,Nanosensör,Nanobiyosensör ,Biosystem ,Nanobiosensor ,Biosensor ,Nanosensör - Abstract
Biyosensörler, temel biyolojik süreçleri anlamamıza yardımcı olan değerli bilgileri kodlayan biyomoleküllerin ve biyo-işlevlerin dinamik değişikliklerini izlemek için tasarlanmış temel araçlardır. Günümüzde doku histolojisi, doku analizi ihtiyacını karşılayan en yaygın analitik tekniktir. Bu teknik, uç nokta analizi, yüksek maliyet ve uzun hazırlık süresi ile sınırlıdır. Uygulamalarda, gerçek zamanlı izlemedeki zorluklar ve nitel yorumlamada ortaya çıkan etik sorunlar nedeniyle kullanımı avantajlı değildir. Bu nedenle, boyuta bağlı olarak farklı fizikokimyasal özelliklere sahip nanometre ölçekli malzemeler, son zamanlarda biyolojik algılama (sensör) uygulamaları için umut verici adaylar olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu sensör yapıları, önemli fizyolojik parametrelerin gerçek zamanlı değişikliklerine benzersiz bir bakış açısı sağlar. Sensör bileşenlerinin iki veya daha fazla sinyal aktarım mekanizmasına dayalı olarak çalıştığı çok modlu (multi mod) nanosensörlerin yarattığı sinerji daha ayrıntılı olarak elde edilir. Yogi Berra'nın "Sadece izleyerek çok şey gözlemleyebilirsiniz" ifadesi, biyosensörlerde biyoalgılama işlevinde sadece küçük bir ayarlama ile yerine getirilir. Pek çok biyolojik süreç, basitçe yüksek uzay- zamansal algılayıcı tepkileri takip edilerek gözlemlenir. Makalemizde son yıllarda in vitro veya in vivo ölçümlere uygulanan nanobiyosensör cihazlarındaki önemli gelişmelere değinilmektedir. Biyolojik algılama uygulamaları için birden fazla mekanizma içeren nanobiyosensörlerin son gelişmelerine kısaca değinilecektir. Biosensors are key tools designed to monitor the dynamic changes of biomolecules and bio-functions that encode valuable information that helps us understand fundamental biological processes. Today, tissue histology is the most common analytical technique that meets the need for tissue analysis. This technique is limited by endpoint analysis, high cost, and long preparation time. In applications, its use is not advantageous due to difficulties in real-time monitoring and ethical problems arising in qualitative interpretation. Therefore, nanometer- scale materials with different physicochemical properties depending on size have recently emerged as promising candidates for biological sensing (sensor) applications. These sensor structures provide unparalleled insight into real-time changes of important physiological parameters. The synergy created by multi-mode (multi-mode) nanosensors, in which the sensor components operate based on two or more signal transmission mechanisms, is achieved in greater detail. Yogi Berra's statement, "You can observe a lot just by watching" is fulfilled with only a small adjustment to the biosensing function in biosensors. Many biological processes are observed simply by following high spatio-temporal sensor responses. In our article, important advances in nanobiosensor devices applied to in vitro or in vivo measurements in recent years are mentioned. Recent developments of nanobiosensors, which include multiple mechanisms for biological sensing applications, will be briefly discussed.
- Published
- 2021
49. Biosensor and Biochip Applications in Biotechnology
- Author
-
Tüylek, Zülfü and Tüylek, Zülfü
- Subjects
Biyoçip ,Biyoteknoloji ve Uygulamalı Mikrobiyoloji ,Health ,Biotechnology and Applied Microbiology ,Biyosensör ,Sağlık ,Biyomalzeme ,Biosensor,Biochip,Biomateryal,Health ,Biomateryal ,Biosensor ,Biyosensör,Biyoçip,Biyomalzeme,Sağlık ,Biochip - Abstract
Biyosensörler esas itibarıyla, bir biyo algılama materyali ve bir transdüser içerir. Biyolojik ve kimyasal etken maddelerin tespitinde kullanılır. Enzimler, antikorlar, nükleik asit çalışmaları, hücreler, dokular ve organelleri içeren biyolojik algılama malzemeleri, elektrokimyasal, optik, piezoelektrik, termal ve manyetik cihazlar gibi hedef analitleri ve transdüserleri seçici olarak tespit edebilir ve nicel olarak görüntüleyebilir. Biyoçipler, biyolojik olarak kullanılabilen mikroişlemciler olarak tanımlanır. Bir biyoçip, ultraminyatürize test tüpleri seti olarak algılanabilir. Bu sistem pek çok testin aynı anda ve çok hızlı bir biçimde yapılabilmesine imkân sağlar. Biyoçip aynı zamanda, bir numuneden birçok farklı bölgeye bakabilme avantajı da sunar. Son yıllarda biyomedikal uygulamalarında biyosensör ve biyoçipler sıklıkla tercih edilmektedir. Çünkü biyosensörler ve biyoçipler hastalıkların erken tanısında ve yaşam kalitesinin yükseltilmesinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Nanoteknoloji veya chip teknolojisi kullanılarak geliştirilen yeni nesil biyosensörler, sonuçların daha kolay izlenmesi ve değerlendirilmesini sağlamaktadır. İnsanlar atomları anlamaya, atomları yeniden düzenlemeye, birçok yapıyı atomik (mikro, nano vb. Ölçeklere) boyutlara indirgemeye çalışırken birçok icat ortaya çıkmıştır. Bunlardan biri şüphesiz MEMS teknolojisidir. Bu çalışmada, biyosensör ve biyoçip uygulamaları üzerine yapılan çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Yeni teknolojinin kullanım alanları araştırılmıştır. Biyosensör ve biyoçip alanında yapılan uygulamalar incelenmiştir., The biosensors essentially comprise a biosensing material and a transducer. It is used in the determination of biological and chemical active substances. Biosensing materials including enzymes, antibodies, nucleic acid studies, cells, tissues and organelles can selectively identify and quantitatively display target analytes and transducers such as electrochemical, optical, piezoelectric, thermal and magnetic devices. Biochip, at the same time offers the advantage looking at many different regions from one sample. In recent years biosensors and biochips have been frequently preferred in biomedical applications. Because biosensors and biochips have an important place in the early diagnosis of diseases and the promotion of quality of life. New generation biosensors, developed using nanotechnology or chip technology, provide easier monitoring and evaluation of results. Many inventions have arisen as people try to understand atoms, rearrange atoms, and reduce many structures to atomic (micro, nano, etc.) dimensions. One of them is undoubtedly MEMS technology. In this study, studies on biosensor and biochip applications are examined. The areas of use of the new technology have been researched. Biosensor and biochip applications have been examined.
- Published
- 2021
50. Geliştirilecek yüksek hassasiyetteki elektrokimyasal sensör sistemi ile toksin madde analizi
- Author
-
Anıl, Hande, Avcı, Hüseyin, and ESOGÜ, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Polimer Bilimi ve Teknolojisi Anabilim Dalı
- Subjects
Elektrokimyasal Empedans Spektroskopisi ,Electrochemical İmpedance Spectroscopy ,Perde Baskılı Elektrot ,Biyosensör ,Toxin ,Screen-Printed Electrode ,Domoic Acid ,Domoik Asit - Abstract
Toksin maddeler, gıda güvenliğini tehdit eden ve canlı organizmaların ölümüne neden olabilen biyolojik tehlike unsurları arasındadır. Geleneksel yöntemlerin dışında, gıda toksinlerini analiz etmek için biyosensörler son yıllarda geniş kullanım alanı bulmuştur. Bu sensörlerin yapılarına enzimler, hücreler, dokular, antikorlar, DNA vb. biyolojik materyallerin eklenmesiyle isimlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada deniz ürünlerinde önemli bir toksin madde niteliğinde olan domoik asitin hızlı ve güvenilir olarak tespit edilmesi için tek kullanımlık perde baskılı elektrotlar (SPE) kullanılmıştır. SPE'ler, tek seferde çok sayıda üretilebilen, ön işlem ya da eğitimli kullanıcıya ihtiyaç duyulmayan, kullanımı kolay ve gerçek zamanlı algılama için uygun özellikteki ucuz malzemelerdir. Bu çalışmada, altın SPE'ler (SPGE) potasyum ferrisiyanür redoks probu ile inkübe edilmiş ve örneklerin elektrokimyasal empedans spektroskopi (EIS) analizi karakterize edilerek değerlendirilmiştir. SPGE'lere biyofonksiyonel özellikler kazandırmak için, dört farklı derişimde domoik asit (DA) solüsyonu inkübe edilerek empedans ölçümleri alınmıştır. Empedans ölçümleri sonrasında elde edilen Nyquist grafikleri değerlendirilmiştir. Ayrıca SPGE'lerin yüzey özellikleri atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM), taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve SEM cihazına entegre enerji yayılımlı X ışını (EDX) analiziyle incelenmiş ve sonraki çalışmalarda yüzeyde oluşacak diğer ara katmanların EIS ölçümlerinde karşılaşılabilecek olası sorunlar tartışılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, elde edilen biyosensörlerin düşük hata paylarıyla çalışacağı ve toksin analizinin sonuçlarının gelecekteki çalışmalar için önemli olması beklenmektedir Toxins are among the biological hazard elements that threaten the safety of food and can cause the death of living organisms. Apart from traditional methods, biosensors to analyze food toxins have found wide use in recent years. These sensors include enzymes, cells, tissues, antibodies, DNA, etc. which are named by the addition of the biological agents. In this study, disposable screen-printed electrodes (SPE) were used to detect domoic acid, which is an important toxic substance in seafood, in a quick and reliable manner. SPEs are inexpensive materials that can be produced in large numbers at once, do not require pre-treatment or trained users, are easy to use and are suitable for real-time detection. In this study, gold based SPEs (SPGE) were incubated with potassium ferricyanide redox probe and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis (EIS) of the samples were characterized and evaluated. Impedance measurements were taken by incubating domoic acid (DA) solutions at four different concentrations in order to gain biofunctional properties to SPGEs. Nyquist plots were obtained after impedance measurements, then the results were evaluated. In addition, the surface properties of SPGEs were examined by atomic force microscope (AFM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X ray (EDX) analysis which is integrated to the SEM device, and in subsequent studies, possible problems that may be encountered in EIS measurements of other intermediate layers that will form on the surface were discussed. Consequently, it is expected that our develop biosensor can be operated with low margins of error and the results of the toxin analysis will be important for the future studies in the field
- Published
- 2021
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