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Purpose.This article reveals the importance of the analysis of the theory of generations to identify the essential characteristics of the phenomenon of youth.Theoretical basisof this study is socio-philosophical anthropology, i.e. philosophical anthropology using certain methods of sociological, socio-psychological and ethnological research, as well as philosophical comprehension of the application of these methods in special sciences.Originality.The authors rethought the theoretical and practical potential of generational theory through its reconceptualization based on philosophical anthropology, which created an opportunity to shift research attention from the attempts to identify superhistorical characteristics of youth to the identification of the essential nature of specific historical and sociocultural features of young people as representatives of a particular culture.Conclusions.Defining the youth phenomenon requires accounting at least three constraints that on the one hand, play a role of warnings that deter from theoretical and practical errors in the study of the youth phenomenon, and on the other hand, guidelines for identifying real, specific characteristics of youth as a social phenomenon. Limitations of theoretical and practical analysis of young people are as follows: first, the need to consider demographic data not as final, but only as initial and preliminary, such that require further substantive socio-cultural analysis; second, the inadmissibility of ignoring the cultural diversity of the manifestations of the youth phenomenon, instead the need to identify the special characteristics of youth of different ethnic, religious and other groups; third, the need to take into account the specifics of self-identification of those who identify themselves as young people as a social group.

The article analyzes the detention measures for male minor offenders. Law 3260 transformed the treatment of minors, seeking to differentiate it from the processing of adults while the Juvenile Court was in charge of their legal defense. Since the 1960s, young men detained in the Luis Felipe González Flores Orientation Center predominated. The social workers took over the intervention, the treatment and the accompaniment of the detained minors and their families. The success of the rehabilitation and re-education policies was described by lawyers and social workers as low due to the lack of an institutional budget, the inadequate detention facilities, the insufficient number of social workers, the absence of an intermediate center and the lack of specialized care measures. El artículo analiza las medidas de internamiento de hombres infractores menores de edad. La ley 3260 transformó el tratamiento hacia los menores, la cual busca diferenciarlo del procesamiento de adultos; junto con el Juzgado Tutelar de Menores se encargaron de su defensa legal. Desde la década de 1960 predominaron los jóvenes internados en el Centro de Orientación Luis Felipe González Flores. Los trabajadores sociales asumieron la intervención, el tratamiento y el acompañamiento de los menores retenidos y sus familias. El éxito de las políticas de readaptación y reeducación fue calificado por los abogados y trabajadores sociales como escaso, debido a la falta de presupuesto institucional, las inadecuadas instalaciones de internamiento, la insuficiente cantidad de trabajadores sociales, la ausencia de un centro intermedio y la falta de medidas especializadas de atención.

The Internet has become an indispensable tool in communication, business, entertainment, and obtaining information. Behavioral addictions are disorders associated with uncontrolled activity feeding the reward system, motivation, and memory. The purpose of this study was to assess the emotional state in terms of problematic Internet use. The survey was conducted in 2020–2021 in the West Pomeranian region of Poland and involved 500 men aged 18–30 (24.82 ± 3.83). The study was conducted using our own original questionnaire regarding the amount of time spent playing computer games during the weekdays and on days off; the type of school/university; financial situation; as well as the manner, purpose, and degree of Internet use. Other questionnaires were also used, i.e., Beck Depression Inventory, Internet Use Test, GAD-7 Generalized Anxiety Assessment Questionnaire, and Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire. Problematic use of the Internet may result in the occurrence of anxiety, anger, hostility or depression. Longer duration of Internet activity was correlated to higher scores on the Internet Use Test degree of problematic Internet use. There was a correlation between the severity of mild depression symptoms and the occurrence of anxiety, verbal and physical aggression, and problematic Internet use.

Purpose. This article reveals the importance of the analysis of the theory of generations to identify the essential characteristics of the phenomenon of youth. Theoretical basis of this study is socio-philosophical anthropology, i.e. philosophical anthropology using certain methods of sociological, socio-psychological and ethnological research, as well as philosophical comprehension of the application of these methods in special sciences. Originality. The authors rethought the theoretical and practical potential of generational theory through its reconceptualization based on philosophical anthropology, which created an opportunity to shift research attention from the attempts to identify superhistorical characteristics of youth to the identification of the essential nature of specific historical and sociocultural features of young people as representatives of a particular culture. Conclusions. Defining the youth phenomenon requires accounting at least three constraints that on the one hand, play a role of warnings that deter from theoretical and practical errors in the study of the youth phenomenon, and on the other hand, guidelines for identifying real, specific characteristics of youth as a social phenomenon. Limitations of theoretical and practical analysis of young people are as follows: first, the need to consider demographic data not as final, but only as initial and preliminary, such that require further substantive socio-cultural analysis; second, the inadmissibility of ignoring the cultural diversity of the manifestations of the youth phenomenon, instead the need to identify the special characteristics of youth of different ethnic, religious and other groups; third, the need to take into account the specifics of self-identification of those who identify themselves as young people as a social group., Мета. Дана стаття спробує з’ясувати значущість аналізу теорії поколінь для виявлення сутнісних характеристик феномену молоді. Теоретичним базисом цього дослідження є соціально-філософська антропологія, тобто філософська антропологія з використанням окремих методів соціологічного, соціально-психологічного та етнологічного досліджень, а також філософським осмисленням застосування цих методів у спеціальних науках. Наукова новизна. Авторами здійснено переосмислення теоретичного та практичного потенціалу теорії поколінь завдяки її реконцептуалізації на основі філософської антропології, що створило можливість переключити дослідницьку увагу зі спроб виявити надісторичні характеристики молоді на виявлення сутнісного характеру конкретно-історичних і соціокультурних рис молоді як представників певної визначеної культури. Висновки. Визначення феномену молоді потребує врахування щонайменше трьох обмежень, які відіграють водночас роль, з одного боку, застережень, які утримують від теоретичних та практичних помилок при дослідженні феномену молоді, а з іншого боку, орієнтирів для виявлення реальних, конкретних характеристик молоді як соціального феномену. Обмеженнями теоретичного і практичного аналізу молоді виступають: по-перше, необхідність розглядати дані демографічних досліджень не як остаточні, а лише як вихідні і попередні, такі, що потребують подальшого змістового соціокультурного аналізу; по-друге, неприпустимість ігнорування культурного розмаїття проявів феномену молоді, натомість необхідність виявлення особливих характеристик молоді різних етнічних, релігійних тощо груп; по-третє, необхідність обов’язкового врахування специфіки самоідентифікації тих, хто відносить себе до молоді як соціальної групи.

Utilization of wood waste has many benefits with cheap raw materials, easy to obtain and if used as a unique product it will have a selling value and is very beneficial for the community because it has a variety of different types of products and functions. One source of waste that can be utilized is waste produced from cutting logs taken in the middle. Utilization of wood waste into works of art that will be able to increase youth income and reduce wood waste produced. Artworks made from wood waste in the form of decorative lamps, key chains, wall hangings, photo frames, stationery places. Utilization of wood waste can increase the income of young people who work as temporary laborers and be able to open their own jobs by turning wood waste into works of art that have economic value.

Diskurse über Jungen und Bildung sind im akademischen Feld nach intensiven Debatten in den 2000ern und frühen 2010ern seltener geworden. Zwar gibt es ein anhaltend aktives Feld der pädagogischen Praxis, die Jungen und deren Lebenslagen geschlechterreflektiert adressiert. Doch die Anzahl an empirischen Studien zu Jungen und Bildung ist überschaubar. Dabei gibt es durchaus eine Vielzahl aktueller erziehungswissenschaftlicher Fragen im Kontext der Transformation von Geschlechterverhältnissen und ökonomischem und kulturellem Wandel. Der Band stellt empirische Studien vor, die sich diesen Fragen in Bezug auf Früh- und Schulpädagogik, berufliche Bildung, offene Jugendarbeit sowie Berufsbildungsbiographien widmen. Zudem enthält er theoretische Reflexionen zu Männlichkeitsforschung und zum Verhältnis von Jungen und Bildung. (DIPF/Verlag)

Deviantes Verhalten stellt eine Anpassung an dysfunktionale Lebenswelten Heranwachsender dar, das sich erst durch die Berücksichtigung des komplexen Zusammenspiels der Innen- und Außenwelt des Subjekts unter Einbezug interdisziplinärer Wissensbestände verstehen lässt. Aus der Ätiologie devianten Verhaltens werden eine Erziehungsbedürftigkeit und -notwendigkeit von jungen Gefangenen abgeleitet. Pädagogische Konzeptualisierung und gesetzlicher Erziehungsauftrag in Jugendstrafanstalten korrespondieren demnach. Aus pädagogischer Sicht vollzieht sich eine gelingende Erziehung und Entwicklung in Beziehungen, weshalb Erziehung und Entwicklung nicht ohne eine förderliche pädagogische Beziehung gedacht werden können. Der vorliegende Beitrag geht, Bezug nehmend auf das Setting des Jugendstrafvollzugs, der Frage nach, wie sich pädagogische Beziehungen in ‚totalen Institutionen‘ darstellen und welche Perspektiven Bedienstete innerhalb des Jugendstrafvollzugs auf pädagogische Beziehungen mit jungen Inhaftierten haben. Dazu wurden im Rahmen eines Forschungsprojektes pädagogische Interaktionen dokumentiert sowie Gruppendiskussionen mit Bediensteten einer Jugendstrafanstalt durchgeführt. Auf Grundlage einer tiefenhermeneutischen Auswertung werden nun erste Ergebnisse zur Bedeutung und Qualität pädagogischer Beziehungen aus Sicht der Werkmeister präsentiert. Hierbei zeigt sich, dass Beziehungen zu Inhaftierten eher abgewehrt werden. Daraus lassen sich Schlussfolgerungen für eine Professionalisierung für die Beziehungsgestaltung von Bediensteten im Jugendstrafvollzug ziehen.

Jejunoileal diverticulosis is a rare, often asymptomatic condition, consisting of acquired false diverticula. Diagnosis of ileal perforation is usually made incidentally or after complications, including obstruction, haemorrhage and diverticulitis. A previously healthy 17-year-old man presented to the Emergency Department with diffuse abdominal pain and fever. CT scan showed air-fluid level in the RLQ and free intraperitoneal air and fluid. The patient underwent an urgent exploratory laparotomy with an intestinal resection and primary anastomosis. We report a rare case of ileal perforation, due to diverticular disease in a healthy young man, treated an urgent surgery. Such an event requires immediate surgical intervention, especially if it presents as an acute abdomen. Although it can become a surgical emergency, jejunoileal diverticulosis remains underdiagnosed.

Qualitative Untersuchungen zum Fragilen-X-Syndrom im Erwachsenenbereich sind bislang eher rar. Die vorliegende explorative Studie geht der Frage nach, wie Eltern von erwachsenen jungen M��nnern mit Fragilem-X-Syndrom das Verhalten ihrer S��hne erleben und welche Auswirkungen das Verhalten auf die famili��re Zufriedenheit bzw. Belastung hat. F��r eine interaktionistische Sicht auf Verhaltensauff��lligkeiten wurden problemzentrierte Interviews mit insgesamt neun Elternteilen gef��hrt, deren S��hne mit Fragilem-X-Syndrom zwischen 20 und 35 Jahre alt waren. Die Interviewdaten wurden inhaltsanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die von den Eltern beschriebenen Verhaltensauff��lligkeiten in vorhandene Beschreibungen eines Verhaltensph��notyps einf��gen. Als Ausl��ser dieser Verhaltensauff��lligkeiten werden h��ufig Ver��nderungen im gewohnten Tagesablauf oder sog. ��bergangssituationen genannt. Ferner wird deutlich, dass die Befragten im Laufe der Zeit eine Bandbreite an m��glichen Reaktionen und Ma��nahmen mit Blick auf das Verhalten entwickeln, die mit unterschiedlichem Erfolg eingesetzt werden. Auch die S��hne mit Fragilem-X-Syndrom erlernen mit der Zeit Strategien, mit den eigenen impulsiven Reaktionen besser umzugehen. Insgesamt zeigt sich in den Interviews, dass die famili��re Belastungssituation mit zunehmendem Alter der S��hne mit Fragilem-X-Syndrom nachl��sst und die Familien ihre Situation ��berwiegend als zufriedenstellend beschreiben. Die Ergebnisse veranschaulichen die Relevanz der Betrachtung von Person-Umfeld-Wechselwirkungen im Kontext auff��lligen Verhaltens. Aus den Interviews l��sst sich ein Bedarf an syndromspezifischen Beratungs- und Vernetzungsm��glichkeiten f��r Betroffene und deren Familien, insbesondere in Bezug auf Themen des Erwachsenenalters ableiten. (DIPF/Orig.), Qualitative studies on fragile X syndrome in adults are rather rare so far. This explorative study examines how parents of adult young men with fragile X syndrome experience the behavior of their sons and what effects this behavior has on family satisfaction or stress. For an interactionist view of behavioral problems, problem-centered interviews were conducted with a total of nine parents whose sons with fragile X syndrome were between 20 and 35 years old. The interview data was evaluated by content analysis. The results show that the challenging behavior described by the parents fits into existing descriptions of a behavioural phenotype. Changes in the usual daily routine or so-called transitional situations are often named as triggers of these behavior problems. Furthermore, the results show that the respondents have developed a range of possible reactions and measures to the behavior over time, which are used with varying degrees of success. Also, the sons with fragile X syndrome learn over time strategies to deal better with their impulsive reactions. Overall, the interviews show that the familial stress situation decreases as the sons with fragile X syndrome grow older and the families describe their situation as satisfactory for the most part. The results illustrate the relevance of considering person-environment interactions in the context of behavior problems. From the interviews, a need for syndrome-specific counselling and networking opportunities for affected persons and their families can be derived, especially with regard to adult issues. (DIPF/Orig.)

This thesis deals with the question of comparing one designation for young men (young man - mladík) and one designation for young women (miss - slečna) in Czech national daily newspapers. Its goal was to find out how media use the keywords, what the differences are in their use, and whether they can be considered equivalent to each other. On the sample obtained from articles in four national daily newspapers (Blesk, Hospodářské noviny, Mladá fronta DNES and Právo) during 2019, the thesis first divides the use of keywords according to contexts and then analyzes the use in-depth using semiotic analysis. It compares the connotations of the use of both words in different contexts, what other meanings implicate journalists in articles, and to what extent the words can be considered mutually equivalent. It shows that journalists tend to rejuvenate or infantilize young women when using the word miss (slečna), thereby reducing the weight of their success. Conversely, for the word young man (mladík), journalists use the same procedure to reduce the severity of offenses for young men who commit crimes. The thesis explains that the words young man and young lady cannot be considered mutually equivalent, because they have too different histories for that, which is confirmed by the fact that journalists...

Ammattioppilaitoksen kulttuuriset ja sosiaaliset rakenteet asettavat nuoren arjen toiminnalle ja elämänkululle reunaehtoja. Rakenteet konkretisoituvat opetussuunnitelmissa ja koulun järjestyssäännöissä, joihin koulun virallinen kulttuuri tiivistyy. Kone- ja metallialaa opiskeleva nuori mies arvottaa itse oman maailmansa erilaisesta näkökulmasta kuin virallisen kulttuurin edustajat. Nuorelle miehelle on tärkeää hetkessä eläminen, kiireettömyys, vapaa-ajan runsaus, mahdollisimman vähällä pääseminen ja kaverit. Lähikulttuurissa vallitsevat normit ovat hyväksytyksi tulemisen ehtoja. Niinpä nuoren miehen on usein pakko toimia kollektiivisen tietoisuuden mukaan lunastaakseen paikkansa lähiyhteisössä ja vahvistaakseen asemaansa siellä. Siten hänen on tykättävä tytöistä, juotava alkoholia mieluiten humalahakuisesti, poltettava tupakkaa ja sisäistettävä moniaikainen aikakäsitys. Nuoren miehen elämän suolat ja lähikulttuurin normit heijastelevat kouluun ja näkyvät suurina poissaolomäärinä, lyhenevinä koulupäivinä ja koulutyöhön sitoutumattomuutena. Tehdyt arjen ja vapaa-ajan valinnat ovat itselle subjektiivisesti mielekkäitä ja kulttuurisesti merkityksellisiä. Nuori mies ravisuttaa koulun institutionaalisia rakenteita toteuttaessaan toimijuuttaan kouluympäristössä. Syntyy valtakamppailu, jota nuori mies käy jatkuvasti suhteessa viralliseen kouluauktoriteettiin., The cultural and social structure/framework of a vocational institution set limitations to a young person’s life and everyday habits. The framework becomes concrete in the curriculum and in a school’s rules and regulations, into which the official culture of the school is condensed. The young man studying the field of metal work and machinery, values himself - in his own world - from a different perspective than the representatives of the official culture. Living in the moment, having a slow-paced lifestyle, having an abundance of free-time, getting-by doing as little as possible, and friends are important to the young man. The norms in the immediate culture are preconditions for becoming accepted. Consequently, the young man has to often act according to collective consciousness in order to stake a claim and to strengthen his own position in the immediate community. Thus, he needs to be interested in women, drink alcohol by choice to become drunk, to smoke, and internally grasp the polychronic time. The spices of life and the norms of the immediate culture are reflected at school and can be seen through large absence numbers, shorter school days, and not being committed to school work. The choices made in everyday life and free-time are subjectively pleasant and culturally meaningful for the young man. The young man shakes the institutional framework of school through his actions in school surroundings. A power struggle is established, and the young man fights constantly against the official authorities of the school.

This research project includes the study of body techniques and the aesthetics of the body in the adolescent students of the basic secondary and vocational media of the IE Manuela Beltran in Cartagena de Indias, to understand the meaning attributed students body aesthetics and how this influences the actions of their bodies in the school. This research is supported by the qualitative methodology and the hermeneutic method. The findings showed that students despite use an aesthetic form in particular, have no lights on the reasons why assume certain aesthetic standards. They outline ideas about fashion or imitation of representative figures that are due to the world of the show, like singers, athletes, actors, among others. Students use relational codes such as looks, ways to walk, move his head, move your hands, greet, among other manifestations, which are articulated with the use of bodily techniques that communicate feelings, ideas, emotions, among others aspects related to the dimensions of the subject. The recommendations made to the school community are invited to assume a posture of openness that allows to understand the youth culture, in particular, to the practices of the body as a multidimensional manifestation of the subject. The study leaves a window open for reflection and dialogue against the studied subject, to orient in a comprehensive manner the training of students in the school. Este proyecto de investigación abarca el estudio de las técnicas corporales y la estética del cuerpo en los estudiantes adolescentes de la básica secundaria y media vocacional de la IE Manuela Beltrán en Cartagena de Indias, para comprender el significado que atribuyen los estudiantes a la estética corporal y como esta influye en el accionar de sus cuerpos en la escuela. Esta investigación se sustenta en la metodología Cualitativa y el método Hermenéutico. Las conclusiones mostraron que los estudiantes a pesar de utilizar una forma estética en particular, no tienen claridades acerca de las razones por las que asumen patrones estéticos determinados. Ellos esbozan ideas acerca de la moda o la imitación de figuras representativas que obedecen al mundo del espectáculo, como cantantes, deportistas, actores, entre otros. Los estudiantes utilizan códigos relacionales como miradas, formas de caminar, mover su cabeza, mover las manos, saludar, entre otras manifestaciones, que se articulan con el empleo de técnicas corporales que comunican sentires, ideas, emociones, entre otros aspectos relacionados con las dimensiones del sujeto. Las recomendaciones hechas a la comunidad escolar invitan a asumir una postura de apertura que permita comprender la cultura juvenil, en especial, a las prácticas del cuerpo como manifestación multidimensional del sujeto. El estudio deja una ventana abierta para la reflexión y el diálogo frente a la temática estudiada, para orientar de forma integral la formación de los estudiantes en la institución escolar.