113 results on '"Vezzosi T"'
Search Results
2. Echocardiographic reference intervals of the dimensions of the main pulmonary artery and the right pulmonary artery: a prospective study in 269 healthy dogs
- Author
-
Grosso, G., Tognetti, R., Domenech, O., Marchesotti, F., Patata, V., and Vezzosi, T.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Evaluation of a new smartphone-based digital stethoscope featuring phonocardiography and electrocardiography in dogs and cats
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., Alibrandi, L., Grosso, G., and Tognetti, R.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Prognostic relevance of left cardiac enlargement in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease
- Author
-
Grosso, G., Vezzosi, T., Domenech, O., and Tognetti, R.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Echocardiographic parameters in 50 healthy English bulldogs: preliminary reference intervals
- Author
-
Patata, V., Vezzosi, T., Marchesotti, F., and Domenech, O.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Two radiographic methods for assessing left atrial enlargement and cardiac remodeling in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve disease
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., Puccinelli, C., Citi, S., and Tognetti, R.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Doppler-derived echocardiographic evidence of pulmonary hypertension in cats with left-sided congestive heart failure
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T. and Schober, K.E.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Prognostic significance of left cardiac enlargement in dogs with preclinical myxomatous mitral valve disease
- Author
-
Grosso, G., primary, Vezzosi, T., additional, Domenech, O., additional, and Tognetti, R., additional
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph in dogs: Comparison with standard 6-lead electrocardiography
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., Buralli, C., Marchesotti, F., Porporato, F., Tognetti, R., Zini, E., and Domenech, O.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Adipositas Cordis in Two Cats with Sudden Death
- Author
-
Parisi, F., Vezzosi, T., Saldaña, J.A. Mercado, and Poli, A.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Evaluierung verschiedener echokardiografischer Parameter des rechten Ventrikels bei herzgesunden Hunden und Hunden mit pulmonaler Hypertonie
- Author
-
Feldhütter, E, additional, Wess, G, additional, Domenech, O, additional, and Vezzosi, T, additional
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Closure of an unusual morphology patent ductus arteriosus with a covered stent in a dog
- Author
-
Patata, V., primary, Scalise, F., additional, Sorropago, G., additional, Marchesotti, F., additional, Nicoli, S., additional, Auriemma, E., additional, Rondelli, V., additional, Pesaresi, M., additional, Glaus, T.M., additional, Baron Toaldo, M., additional, Vezzosi, T., additional, and Domenech, O., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Fatal acute lung injury after balloon valvuloplasty in a dog with pulmonary stenosis.
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., Domenech, O., Croce, M., Pesaresi, M., Auriemma, E., Romano, F., Rondelli, V., and Tursi, M.
- Abstract
A one-year-old French Bulldog was referred for the management of a severe form of pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) complicated by right-sided congestive heart failure. Echocardiography showed severe valvular PS with right ventricular concentric hypertrophy, dilatation and severe right atrial enlargement. A pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty (PBV) was performed with a balloon-to-pulmonary annulus ratio of 1.36. Echocardiography immediately after PBV showed a significant reduction in right atrial and ventricular size, improved opening and mobility of the pulmonary valve leaflets, and a 75% reduction in the pulmonary pressure gradient from 158 mmHg pre-operative to 40 mmHg post-operative. The dog recovered well from anesthesia, but 2 h later, it suddenly showed severe respiratory distress. Focus cardiac ultrasound showed increased left cardiac size with echocardiographic signs of high left ventricular filling pressure. Bedside lung ultrasound showed diffuse numerous-to-confluent B lines, compatible with a severe alveolar-interstitial syndrome. The dog was treated with furosemide, helmet continuous positive airway pressure, and then mechanical ventilation but without success. At post-mortem evaluation, histological examination of the lung showed diffuse, severe broncho-alveolar edema with mixed leukocyte, fibrin, and red blood cell infiltrate. Moreover, severe congestion and multifocal alveolar hemorrhages were evident. All findings were compatible with fatal acute lung injury after PBV secondary to pulmonary reperfusion-ischemia injury and increased pulmonary capillary hydrostatic pressure. Based on the present case, acute lung injury should be considered as a rare but serious complication of PBV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Polyarteritis Nodosa in a Cat with Involvement of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems
- Author
-
Salvadori, C., Vezzosi, T., Marchetti, V., and Cantile, C.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Inbreeding and health problems prevalence in a colony of guide dogs: A cohort of 40 Labrador Retrievers
- Author
-
Cecchi, F., primary, Vezzosi, T., additional, Branchi, G., additional, Barsotti, G., additional, and Macchioni, F., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Surgical embolectomy in a cat with cardiogenic aortic thromboembolism
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., primary, Buralli, C., additional, Briganti, A., additional, Vannozzi, I., additional, Giacomelli, E., additional, Talamanca, G.F., additional, Sansoni, A., additional, Domenech, O., additional, and Tognetti, R., additional
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Echocardiographic evaluation of the right ventricular dimension and systolic function in dogs with pulmonary hypertension
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Domenech, O, Costa, G, Marchesotti, F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-5137, Venco, L, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Del Palacio, M J F, Tognetti, R, Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Domenech, O, Costa, G, Marchesotti, F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-5137, Venco, L, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Del Palacio, M J F, and Tognetti, R
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Right ventricular (RV) enlargement and dysfunction are associated with prognosis in humans with pulmonary hypertension (PH). HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: To assess RV size and systolic function in dogs with PH and to determine if they are associated with disease severity and right-sided congestive heart failure (R-CHF). ANIMALS: 89 dogs with PH and 74 healthy dogs. METHODS: Prospective observational study. PH was classified according to the tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient. RV end-diastolic area (RVEDA) index was calculated as RVEDA divided by body surface area. RV systolic function was assessed with the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and the RV fractional area change (FAC) normalized for body weight (TAPSEn and FACn, respectively). RESULTS: RVEDA index was higher in dogs with moderate PH (10.8 cm /m ; range, 6.2-14.4 cm /m ) and severe PH (12.4 cm /m ; range, 7.7-21.4 cm /m ) than in those with mild PH (8.4 cm /m ; range, 4.8-11.6 cm /m ) and control dogs (8.5 cm /m ; range, 2.8-11.6 cm /m ; P < .001). RVEDA index was significantly higher in dogs with R-CHF (13.7 cm /m ; range, 11.0-21.4 cm /m ) than in dogs without R-CHF (9.4 cm /m ; range, 4.8-17.1 cm /m ; P < .001). The severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was the only independent predictor of the RVEDA index (P < .001). TAPSEn and FACn were not significantly different among varying degrees of PH severity and between dogs with and without R-CHF. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The RVEDA index can be used to evaluate RV size in dogs. It can provide additional information in dogs with PH and predict R-CHF. Severity of TR is the main determinant of RV enlargement in dogs with PH.
- Published
- 2018
18. Echocardiographic evaluation of the right atrial area index in dogs with pulmonary hypertension
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Domenech, O, Iacona, M, Marchesotti, F, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Venco, L, Tognetti, R, Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Domenech, O, Iacona, M, Marchesotti, F, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Venco, L, and Tognetti, R
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Right atrial area (RAA) is a prognostic factor in human patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Reference intervals for RAA have been described in healthy dogs. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate RAA indexed to the body surface area in dogs with PAH as an indicator of right atrial size, PAH severity and right-sided congestive heart failure (R-CHF). ANIMALS: A total of 119 client-owned dogs, 48 dogs with PAH and 71 control dogs. METHODS: Prospective observational study. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was classified according to the tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG) as mild (36-50 mmHg), moderate (51-75 mmHg), or severe (>75 mmHg). The RAA index was calculated as the RAA divided by body surface area. RESULTS: The RAA index was higher in dogs with moderate PAH (13.3 cm /m ; range, 3.4-24.7 cm /m ) and severe PAH (12.1 cm /m ; range, 5.4-21.8 cm /m ) than in those with mild PAH (6.7 cm /m ; range, 4.8-10.7 cm /m ) or in controls (7.3 cm /m ; range, 4.2-10.2 cm /m ; P < 0.001). The RAA index was higher (P < 0.0001) in dogs with R-CHF (17.5 cm /m ; range, 12.7-24.7 cm /m ) compared to those without R-CHF (7.6 cm /m ; range, 4.4-19.4 cm /m ). The most accurate cutoff value of the RAA index to identify R-CHF was >12.3 cm /m (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 89.5%). In dogs with PAH, severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was the only independent predictor of RAA index based on multivariate analysis (P < 0.02). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The RAA index can be used to evaluate right atrial size in dogs and may be more effective than TRPG in predicting R-CHF in dogs with PAH. The severity of TR is the main determinant of the RAA index in dogs with PAH.
- Published
- 2018
19. Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Right Atrial Area Index in Dogs with Pulmonary Hypertension
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., primary, Domenech, O., additional, Iacona, M., additional, Marchesotti, F., additional, Zini, E., additional, Venco, L., additional, and Tognetti, R., additional
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Assessment of lung ultrasound B-lines in dogs with different stages of chronic valvular heart disease
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Mannucci, T, Pistoresi, A, Toma, F, Tognetti, R, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Domenech, O, Auriemma, E, Citi, S, Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Mannucci, T, Pistoresi, A, Toma, F, Tognetti, R, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Domenech, O, Auriemma, E, and Citi, S
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: In dogs with chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD), early recognition of pulmonary edema (PE) is of paramount importance. Recent studies in dogs showed that lung ultrasound examination (LUS) is a useful technique to diagnose cardiogenic PE. OBJECTIVES: To describe LUS features in dogs with different stages of CVHD, and to determine its diagnostic accuracy in detecting PE using thoracic radiography as the reference standard. ANIMALS: Sixty-three dogs with CVHD. METHODS: Prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Each dog underwent physical examination, echocardiography, thoracic radiography, and LUS. The LUS findings were classified as absent, rare, numerous, or confluent B-lines. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of LUS B-lines to identify PE were calculated using thoracic radiography as the reference standard. RESULTS: Dogs in stage B1 had absent or rare B-lines in 14 of 15 cases (93.3%). Dogs in stage B2 had absent or rare B-lines in 16 of 18 cases (88.9%). All dogs in stage C, without radiographic signs of PE, had absent or rare B-lines. Dogs in stage C, with radiographic signs of PE, had numerous or confluent B-lines in 18 of 20 cases (90%). Lung ultrasound examination detected PE with a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 93%, and with positive and negative predictive values of 85.7 and 95.2%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Lung ultrasound examination showed good diagnostic accuracy to identify cardiogenic PE and might be helpful in staging dogs with CVHD. Lung ultrasound examination should be considered as a new, noninvasive diagnostic tool for clinicians managing CVHD in dogs.
- Published
- 2017
21. Assessment of Lung Ultrasound B‐Lines in Dogs with Different Stages of Chronic Valvular Heart Disease
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., primary, Mannucci, T., additional, Pistoresi, A., additional, Toma, F., additional, Tognetti, R., additional, Zini, E., additional, Domenech, O., additional, Auriemma, E., additional, and Citi, S., additional
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph in dogs: Comparison with standard 6-lead electrocardiography
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Buralli, C, Marchesotti, F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-5137, Porporato, Federico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-2399, Tognetti, R, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, Domenech, O, Vezzosi, T; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-6582, Buralli, C, Marchesotti, F; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8267-5137, Porporato, Federico; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7498-2399, Tognetti, R, Zini, Eric; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7580-1297, and Domenech, O
- Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph (ECG) in evaluating heart rhythm and ECG measurements was evaluated in 166 dogs. A standard 6-lead ECG was acquired for 1 min in each dog. A smartphone ECG tracing was simultaneously recorded using a single-lead bipolar ECG recorder. All ECGs were reviewed by one blinded operator, who judged if tracings were acceptable for interpretation and assigned an electrocardiographic diagnosis. Agreement between smartphone and standard ECG in the interpretation of tracings was evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of arrhythmia were calculated for the smartphone ECG. Smartphone ECG tracings were interpretable in 162/166 (97.6%) tracings. A perfect agreement between the smartphone and standard ECG was found in detecting bradycardia, tachycardia, ectopic beats and atrioventricular blocks. A very good agreement was found in detecting sinus rhythm versus non-sinus rhythm (100% sensitivity and 97.9% specificity). The smartphone ECG provided tracings that were adequate for analysis in most dogs, with an accurate assessment of heart rate, rhythm and common arrhythmias. The smartphone ECG represents an additional tool in the diagnosis of arrhythmias in dogs, but is not a substitute for a 6-lead ECG. Arrhythmias identified by the smartphone ECG should be followed up with a standard ECG before making clinical decisions.
- Published
- 2016
23. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca exacerbation in a dog treated with systemic atenolol
- Author
-
Barsotti, G., primary and Vezzosi, T., additional
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Long‐term Intrinsic Rhythm Evaluation in Dogs with Atrioventricular Block
- Author
-
Santilli, R.A., primary, Porteiro Vázquez, D.M., additional, Vezzosi, T., additional, and Perego, M., additional
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Studio climatologico dellarea comprendente 8 comuni della provincia di Firenze attraverso lanalisi di serie storiche di indicatori meteorologici. Proiezione degli stessi indicatori per una previsione di eventuali cambiamenti climatici su un periodo medi
- Author
-
Bacci L., Romani M., Morabito M., Meneguzzo F., Crisci A., Vezzosi T., and Vergari
- Published
- 2003
26. Rianalisi e previsioni del clima sul bacino del fiume Arno
- Author
-
Meneguzzo F., Crisci A., de Chiara F., Maracchi G., Marrese F., Pasqui M., and Piani F. Vezzosi T.
- Published
- 2003
27. Long-term Intrinsic Rhythm Evaluation in Dogs with Atrioventricular Block.
- Author
-
Santilli, R.A., Porteiro Vázquez, D.M., Vezzosi, T., and Perego, M.
- Subjects
HEART beat ,ATRIOVENTRICULAR node ,DOG diseases ,MEDICAL records ,ATRIAL fibrillation ,TELEMETRY ,DISEASES - Abstract
Background Atrioventricular block ( AVB) is a conduction abnormality along the atrioventricular node that, depending on etiology, may lead to different outcomes. Objectives To evaluate variations of intrinsic rhythm ( IR) in dogs that underwent pacemaker implantation ( PMI). Animals Medical records of 92 dogs affected by 3rd degree atrioventricular block (3 AVB), advanced 2nd degree AVB (2 AVB), paroxysmal 3 AVB, 2:1 2 AVB, or 3 AVB with atrial fibrillation ( AF) were retrospectively reviewed. Method The patient IR was documented with telemetry on the day of 1 - (95% CI, 1-2), 33 - (95% CI, 28-35), 105 - (95% CI, 98-156), and 275 days (95% CI, 221-380) after PMI. According to AVB grade at different examinations, AVB was defined as progressed, regressed, or unchanged. Results In 48 dogs, 3 AVB remained unchanged, whereas in 7 it regressed. Eight cases of 2 AVB progressed, 3 regressed and 2 remained unchanged. Eight cases of paroxysmal 3 AVB progressed and 3 remained unchanged. Four dogs affected by 2:1 2 AVB progressed, 2 regressed, and 1 remained unchanged. All cases with 3 AVB with AF remained unchanged. Regression occurred within 30 days after PMI, whereas progression was documented at any time. Variations in IR were associated with type of AVB ( P < .03) and time of follow-up ( P < .0001). Conclusions and clinical importance The degree of AVB assessed at the time of PMI should not be considered definitive because more than one-third of the cases in this study either progressed or regressed. Additional studies would be necessary to elucidate possible causes for transient AVB in dogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph in dogs.
- Author
-
Vezzosi, T., Buralli, C., Marchesotti, F., Porporato, F., Tognetti, R., Zini, E., and Domenech, O.
- Subjects
ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHS ,ARRHYTHMIA diagnosis ,DISEASE progression - Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Echocardiographic evaluation of the right ventricular dimension and systolic function in dogs with pulmonary hypertension
- Author
-
Federica Marchesotti, Rosalba Tognetti, Eric Zini, Giulia Costa, María Josefa Fernández del Palacio, Luigi Venco, Tommaso Vezzosi, Oriol Domenech, University of Zurich, and Vezzosi, T
- Subjects
Male ,10253 Department of Small Animals ,3400 General Veterinary ,Standard Article ,Systolic function ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,0403 veterinary science ,0302 clinical medicine ,right ventricular size ,Dog Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,tricuspid regurgitation ,right ventricular enlargement ,Observer Variation ,Body surface area ,630 Agriculture ,Pulmonary ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Standard Articles ,congestive heart failure ,Echocardiography ,Hypertension ,Cardiology ,Veterinary (all) ,Female ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Animals ,Dogs ,Heart Ventricles ,Hypertension, Pulmonary ,Reproducibility of Results ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Regurgitation (circulation) ,Body weight ,03 medical and health sciences ,Disease severity ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Pulmonary hypertension ,Heart failure ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,SMALL ANIMAL ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND Right ventricular (RV) enlargement and dysfunction are associated with prognosis in humans with pulmonary hypertension (PH). HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To assess RV size and systolic function in dogs with PH and to determine if they are associated with disease severity and right-sided congestive heart failure (R-CHF). ANIMALS 89 dogs with PH and 74 healthy dogs. METHODS Prospective observational study. PH was classified according to the tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient. RV end-diastolic area (RVEDA) index was calculated as RVEDA divided by body surface area. RV systolic function was assessed with the tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and the RV fractional area change (FAC) normalized for body weight (TAPSEn and FACn, respectively). RESULTS RVEDA index was higher in dogs with moderate PH (10.8 cm2 /m2 ; range, 6.2-14.4 cm2 /m2 ) and severe PH (12.4 cm2 /m2 ; range, 7.7-21.4 cm2 /m2 ) than in those with mild PH (8.4 cm2 /m2 ; range, 4.8-11.6 cm2 /m2 ) and control dogs (8.5 cm2 /m2 ; range, 2.8-11.6 cm2 /m2 ; P < .001). RVEDA index was significantly higher in dogs with R-CHF (13.7 cm2 /m2 ; range, 11.0-21.4 cm2 /m2 ) than in dogs without R-CHF (9.4 cm2 /m2 ; range, 4.8-17.1 cm2 /m2 ; P < .001). The severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was the only independent predictor of the RVEDA index (P < .001). TAPSEn and FACn were not significantly different among varying degrees of PH severity and between dogs with and without R-CHF. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE The RVEDA index can be used to evaluate RV size in dogs. It can provide additional information in dogs with PH and predict R-CHF. Severity of TR is the main determinant of RV enlargement in dogs with PH.
- Published
- 2018
30. Echocardiographic Evaluation of the Right Atrial Area Index in Dogs with Pulmonary Hypertension
- Author
-
Luigi Venco, Tommaso Vezzosi, Rosalba Tognetti, Oriol Domenech, Eric Zini, Federica Marchesotti, M Iacona, University of Zurich, and Vezzosi, T
- Subjects
Male ,Prognostic factor ,Right atrial enlargement ,medicine.medical_specialty ,10253 Department of Small Animals ,040301 veterinary sciences ,3400 General Veterinary ,Hypertension, Pulmonary ,Cardiology ,canine ,Regurgitation (circulation) ,Standard Article ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,right atrial enlargement ,Right atrial ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dogs ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,Animals ,Dog Diseases ,Heart Atria ,Prospective Studies ,Prospective cohort study ,congestive heart failure ,right atrial size ,tricuspid regurgitation ,Veterinary (all) ,Body surface area ,General Veterinary ,630 Agriculture ,business.industry ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,medicine.disease ,Pulmonary hypertension ,Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency ,Standard Articles ,Echocardiography ,Heart failure ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,Female ,SMALL ANIMAL ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Right atrial area (RAA) is a prognostic factor in human patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Reference intervals for RAA have been described in healthy dogs. Objectives To evaluate RAA indexed to the body surface area in dogs with PAH as an indicator of right atrial size, PAH severity and right‐sided congestive heart failure (R‐CHF). Animals A total of 119 client‐owned dogs, 48 dogs with PAH and 71 control dogs. Methods Prospective observational study. Pulmonary arterial hypertension was classified according to the tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient (TRPG) as mild (36–50 mmHg), moderate (51–75 mmHg), or severe (>75 mmHg). The RAA index was calculated as the RAA divided by body surface area. Results The RAA index was higher in dogs with moderate PAH (13.3 cm2/m2; range, 3.4–24.7 cm2/m2) and severe PAH (12.1 cm2/m2; range, 5.4–21.8 cm2/m2) than in those with mild PAH (6.7 cm2/m2; range, 4.8–10.7 cm2/m2) or in controls (7.3 cm2/m2; range, 4.2–10.2 cm2/m2; P 12.3 cm2/m2 (sensitivity, 100%; specificity, 89.5%). In dogs with PAH, severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) was the only independent predictor of RAA index based on multivariate analysis (P
- Published
- 2017
31. Assessment of Lung Ultrasound B-Lines in Dogs with Different Stages of Chronic Valvular Heart Disease
- Author
-
Rosalba Tognetti, Eric Zini, Edoardo Auriemma, Simonetta Citi, Oriol Domenech, F. Toma, Tommaso Vezzosi, A. Pistoresi, T Mannucci, University of Zurich, and Vezzosi, T
- Subjects
Male ,10253 Department of Small Animals ,Thoracic ,3400 General Veterinary ,Radiography ,Heart Valve Diseases ,Standard Article ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Severity of Illness Index ,Heart failure ,Lung comets ,Mitral valve ,Pulmonary edema ,Thoracic ultrasonography ,Veterinary (all) ,0403 veterinary science ,0302 clinical medicine ,Positive predicative value ,Dog Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Stage (cooking) ,Ultrasonography ,630 Agriculture ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,valvular heart disease ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Standard Articles ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Italy ,Female ,Radiography, Thoracic ,Radiology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,040301 veterinary sciences ,Cardiology ,Physical examination ,03 medical and health sciences ,Dogs ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Animals ,General Veterinary ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Chronic Disease ,Cross-Sectional Studies ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,SMALL ANIMAL ,business - Abstract
Background In dogs with chronic valvular heart disease (CVHD), early recognition of pulmonary edema (PE) is of paramount importance. Recent studies in dogs showed that lung ultrasound examination (LUS) is a useful technique to diagnose cardiogenic PE. Objectives To describe LUS features in dogs with different stages of CVHD, and to determine its diagnostic accuracy in detecting PE using thoracic radiography as the reference standard. Animals Sixty-three dogs with CVHD. Methods Prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study. Each dog underwent physical examination, echocardiography, thoracic radiography, and LUS. The LUS findings were classified as absent, rare, numerous, or confluent B-lines. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of LUS B-lines to identify PE were calculated using thoracic radiography as the reference standard. Results Dogs in stage B1 had absent or rare B-lines in 14 of 15 cases (93.3%). Dogs in stage B2 had absent or rare B-lines in 16 of 18 cases (88.9%). All dogs in stage C, without radiographic signs of PE, had absent or rare B-lines. Dogs in stage C, with radiographic signs of PE, had numerous or confluent B-lines in 18 of 20 cases (90%). Lung ultrasound examination detected PE with a sensitivity of 90%, specificity of 93%, and with positive and negative predictive values of 85.7 and 95.2%, respectively. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Lung ultrasound examination showed good diagnostic accuracy to identify cardiogenic PE and might be helpful in staging dogs with CVHD. Lung ultrasound examination should be considered as a new, noninvasive diagnostic tool for clinicians managing CVHD in dogs.
- Published
- 2017
32. Diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph in dogs: Comparison with standard 6-lead electrocardiography
- Author
-
Federico Porporato, Rosalba Tognetti, Tommaso Vezzosi, Oriol Domenech, Eric Zini, Federica Marchesotti, Carlotta Buralli, University of Zurich, and Vezzosi, T
- Subjects
Bradycardia ,Tachycardia ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,10253 Department of Small Animals ,040301 veterinary sciences ,3400 General Veterinary ,Diagnostic accuracy ,Arrhythmias ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Canine ,0403 veterinary science ,03 medical and health sciences ,Electrocardiography ,0302 clinical medicine ,Dogs ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Heart rate ,Validation ,medicine ,Animals ,Sinus rhythm ,Single-Blind Method ,cardiovascular diseases ,Dog Diseases ,Prospective Studies ,Lead (electronics) ,Smartphone ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Veterinary (all) ,630 Agriculture ,General Veterinary ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,Female ,Cardiology ,570 Life sciences ,biology ,1103 Animal Science and Zoology ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Cardiac ,Standard ECG - Abstract
The diagnostic accuracy of a smartphone electrocardiograph (ECG) in evaluating heart rhythm and ECG measurements was evaluated in 166 dogs. A standard 6-lead ECG was acquired for 1 min in each dog. A smartphone ECG tracing was simultaneously recorded using a single-lead bipolar ECG recorder. All ECGs were reviewed by one blinded operator, who judged if tracings were acceptable for interpretation and assigned an electrocardiographic diagnosis. Agreement between smartphone and standard ECG in the interpretation of tracings was evaluated. Sensitivity and specificity for the detection of arrhythmia were calculated for the smartphone ECG. Smartphone ECG tracings were interpretable in 162/166 (97.6%) tracings. A perfect agreement between the smartphone and standard ECG was found in detecting bradycardia, tachycardia, ectopic beats and atrioventricular blocks. A very good agreement was found in detecting sinus rhythm versus non-sinus rhythm (100% sensitivity and 97.9% specificity). The smartphone ECG provided tracings that were adequate for analysis in most dogs, with an accurate assessment of heart rate, rhythm and common arrhythmias. The smartphone ECG represents an additional tool in the diagnosis of arrhythmias in dogs, but is not a substitute for a 6-lead ECG. Arrhythmias identified by the smartphone ECG should be followed up with a standard ECG before making clinical decisions.
- Published
- 2016
33. The vertebral right heart index: A new radiographic method to assess right heart enlargement in dogs.
- Author
-
Puccinelli C, Vezzosi T, Grosso G, Tognetti R, Auriemma E, Domenech O, and Citi S
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Retrospective Studies, Male, Female, Cardiomegaly veterinary, Cardiomegaly diagnostic imaging, Radiography, Thoracic veterinary, Radiography, Thoracic methods, Sensitivity and Specificity, Heart diagnostic imaging, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Echocardiography veterinary
- Abstract
In veterinary medicine, the radiographic assessment of right heart enlargement (RHE) is essentially subjective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vertebral right heart index (VRHi) as a new quantitative radiographic method to detect RHE in dogs. This was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study, including dogs with RHE and control dogs. All dogs had to have a thoracic radiographic study and a complete echocardiography on the same day. Right heart enlargement was defined as the presence of right atrial enlargement, right ventricular enlargement, and/or hypertrophy based on echocardiography. For the radiographic study, all the radiographic views available for each case were considered for measurement: right lateral (RL), left lateral (LL), ventrodorsal (VD), and dorsoventral (DV). The VRHi was measured using LL, RL, VD, and DV views. A total of 204 dogs were included: 91 dogs with RHE and 113 control dogs. The VRHi (RL), the VRHi (LL), and the VRHi (VD) were significantly greater in dogs with RHE compared with controls (P < .0001). The best diagnostic accuracy was observed for VRHi (LL) (area under the curve [AUC] 0.86, P < .0001; cutoff ≥ 3.5 vertebrae, sensitivity [Se] 71%, specificity [Sp] 89%), followed by VRHi (RL) (AUC 0.85, P < .0001; cutoff ≥ 3.5 vertebrae, Se 68%, Sp 86%) and VRHi (VD) (AUC 0.80, P = .0004; cutoff ≥ 3.0 vertebrae, Se 57%, Sp 95%). In conclusion, the lateral VRHi in LL and RL and the VD VRHi could represent useful radiological tools for the detection of RHE in dogs., (© 2024 American College of Veterinary Radiology.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Comparison of canine plasma and serum as a source of mitochondria-rich microvesicles boosting cardiomyocyte proliferation.
- Author
-
Alibrandi L, Scebba F, Forini F, Casieri V, Salvetti A, Vezzosi T, Tognetti R, and Lionetti V
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Mitochondria, Heart metabolism, Cell-Derived Microparticles metabolism, Cells, Cultured, Serum metabolism, Plasma metabolism, Mitochondria metabolism, Myocytes, Cardiac metabolism, Cell Proliferation
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Evaluation of a smartphone electrocardiograph in healthy foals and comparison to standard base-apex electrocardiography.
- Author
-
Bindi F, Vezzosi T, Sala G, Freccero F, Marmorini P, Bonelli F, and Sgorbini M
- Subjects
- Animals, Electrocardiography veterinary, Heart Rate, Horses, Prospective Studies, Arrhythmias, Cardiac diagnosis, Arrhythmias, Cardiac veterinary, Horse Diseases, Smartphone
- Abstract
Smartphone-based technology for ECG recording has recently spread as a complementary tool for electrocardiographic screening and monitoring in adult horses and in other animal species. The present study aimed to assess the feasibility and accuracy of a smartphone-based ECG in healthy foals. This was a prospective observational study (authorization n. 45,865/2016) including 22 foals aged less than 21 days. A reference standard base-apex ECG (rECG) was acquired, and a smartphone ECG (sECG) was recorded immediately after by using a smartphone-based single lead electrocardiograph. All ECG tracings were evaluated in a blind fashion by a single board-certified cardiologist, who judged whether the tracings were acceptable for interpretation and performed ECG measurements and diagnosis. The Spearman correlation coefficient, the Cohen's k test and the Bland-Altman test were used to assess the agreement between sECG and rECG. All sECG tracings were acceptable for interpretation. All foals showed sinus rhythm on both rRCG and sECG tracings, with perfect agreement in heart rate classification (κ = 0.87; p < 0.001). No clinically relevant differences were found in the assessment of waves and intervals duration. Concerning P wave and QRS complex polarity, the percentage of agreement between rECG and sECG was 78% and 83%, respectively. About ECG tracing quality, rECG and sECG showed a substantial agreement (κ = 0.624; p < 0.001). In conclusion, the smartphone-based ECG device tested in the present study recorded good quality single-lead ECG tracings in foals, reliable for heart rate and ECG measurements, but different polarity of P waves and QRS complexes was found in some foals in comparison to rECG., (© 2023. The Author(s).)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Automated echocardiographic left ventricular dimension assessment in dogs using artificial intelligence: Development and validation.
- Author
-
Stowell CC, Kallassy V, Lane B, Abbott J, Borgeat K, Connolly D, Domenech O, Dukes-McEwan J, Ferasin L, Del Palacio JF, Linney C, Matos JN, Spalla I, Summerfield N, Vezzosi T, Howard JP, Shun-Shin MJ, Francis DP, and Fuentes VL
- Subjects
- Dogs, Animals, Reproducibility of Results, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Diastole, Artificial Intelligence, Echocardiography veterinary, Echocardiography methods
- Abstract
Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) could improve accuracy and reproducibility of echocardiographic measurements in dogs., Hypothesis: A neural network can be trained to measure echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) linear dimensions in dogs., Animals: Training dataset: 1398 frames from 461 canine echocardiograms from a single specialist center., Validation: 50 additional echocardiograms from the same center., Methods: Training dataset: a right parasternal 4-chamber long axis frame from each study, labeled by 1 of 18 echocardiographers, marking anterior and posterior points of the septum and free wall., Validation Dataset: End-diastolic and end-systolic frames from 50 studies, annotated twice (blindly) by 13 experts, producing 26 measurements of each site from each frame. The neural network also made these measurements. We quantified its accuracy as the deviation from the expert consensus, using the individual-expert deviation from consensus as context for acceptable variation. The deviation of the AI measurement away from the expert consensus was assessed on each individual frame and compared with the root-mean-square-variation of the individual expert opinions away from that consensus., Results: For the septum in end-diastole, individual expert opinions deviated by 0.12 cm from the consensus, while the AI deviated by 0.11 cm (P = .61). For LVD, the corresponding values were 0.20 cm for experts and 0.13 cm for AI (P = .65); for the free wall, experts 0.20 cm, AI 0.13 cm (P < .01). In end-systole, there were no differences between individual expert and AI performances., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: An artificial intelligence network can be trained to adequately measure linear LV dimensions, with performance indistinguishable from that of experts., (© 2024 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Right heart echocardiographic variables and prediction of clinical severity in dogs with pulmonary stenosis.
- Author
-
Patata V, Vezzosi T, Marchesotti F, Zini E, Tognetti R, and Domenech O
- Subjects
- Dogs, Animals, Prospective Studies, Echocardiography veterinary, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Artery, Ventricular Function, Right, Pulmonary Valve Stenosis diagnostic imaging, Pulmonary Valve Stenosis veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Background: Pulmonary stenosis (PS) usually is evaluated using echocardiography. A multiparametric approach, in addition to the maximum pressure gradient (PG), might be indicated to better characterize PS severity and address its management., Hypothesis/objectives: Our hypothesis was that right heart size and function are associated with echocardiographic and clinical severity of pulmonary stenosis in dogs., Animals: Client-owned dogs with PS., Methods: Prospective, multicenter, observational study. Enrolled dogs underwent complete echocardiographic examination. Associations among right heart echocardiographic variables, PS transvalvular PG >80 mm Hg and presence of clinical signs (exercise intolerance, syncope, right-sided congestive failure, or some combination of these) were assessed using logistic regression analysis., Results: Eighty-eight dogs with PS. Twenty-eight dogs were symptomatic. Increased right ventricular end-diastolic free wall thickness (odds ratio [OR] > 100; 95% confidence interval [95%CI], 50- > 100; P = .01) and decreased aorta-to-pulmonary artery velocity time integral ratio (OR, < 0.001; 95%CI, 0.0-0.001; P = .005) were independently associated with PS PG >80 mm Hg. Decreased tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (OR, 0.35; 95%CI, 0.15-0.77; P = .01) and increased right ventricular end-diastolic area (OR, 1.4; 95%CI, 1.08-2.02; P = .01) were independently associated with clinical severity., Conclusion and Clinical Importance: Structural and functional right heart echocardiographic variables are associated with echocardiographic and clinical severity in dogs with PS. A multiparametric approach is advised to better assess PS severity., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Right ventricular size and function evaluated by various echocardiographic indices in dogs with pulmonary hypertension.
- Author
-
Feldhütter EK, Domenech O, Vezzosi T, Tognetti R, Eberhard J, Friederich J, and Wess G
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Echocardiography veterinary, Echocardiography methods, Heart Ventricles anatomy & histology, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Prospective Studies, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Hypertension, Pulmonary diagnostic imaging, Hypertension, Pulmonary veterinary, Ventricular Function, Right
- Abstract
Background: Three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography and 2-dimensional (2D) strain measurements of the right ventricle (RV) are important indices in humans with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and need further evaluation in dogs with PH., Objectives: To evaluate various RV size and function indices in dogs with PH and to examine differences between pre- and postcapillary PH., Animals: A total of 311 client-owned dogs: 100 dogs with PH, 31 with postcapillary and 69 with precapillary PH, and 211 healthy control dogs., Methods: Retro- and prospective, multicenter study. Size and function of the RV was determined using several indices, derived using dedicated RV software, including 3D RV end-diastolic volume (EDVn), end-systolic volume (ESVn), ejection fraction, 2D global and free wall RV longitudinal strain (RVLS), end-diastolic area, end-systolic area, fractional area change, tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion, and tissue Doppler imaging-derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S'n)., Results: The EDVn (1.8 vs 2.5 mL/kg
0.942 , P < .01) and ESVn (0.8 vs 1.2 mL/kg0.962 , P < .001) were significantly larger in the PH group compared to healthy controls. Free wall RVLS was decreased in dogs with severe PH compared to controls (-24% vs -29.6%, P < .001). Dogs with precapillary PH had worse RV systolic function than dogs with postcapillary PH., Conclusion: Three-dimensional echocardiography of the RV is a promising tool to detect RV changes in dogs with PH. Also, 2D strain measurements are able to detect decreased RV function and offer several advantages compared to conventional indices., (© 2022 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Equine echocardiography: Can dobutamine infusion correct alterations due to sedation with alpha-2 agonists?
- Author
-
Vitale V, Vezzosi T, Di Franco C, Briganti A, Tognetti R, Conte G, Bucchioni E, and Sgorbini M
- Subjects
- Horses, Animals, Female, Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists, Heart, Heart Ventricles, Dobutamine pharmacology, Echocardiography
- Abstract
For the echocardiographic examination horses should not be sedated unless absolutely necessary because this alters cardiac dimensions and indices of function. However, some horses do not tolerate the echocardiographic procedure and require sedation to conduct the examination safely and obtain good quality images. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether the concurrent infusion of dobutamine in horses sedated with romifidine counteracts the cardiovascular changes observed with sedation alone. Twelve healthy untrained Standardbred mares were used. Three echocardiographic examinations were performed on the same day for each subject: a) without any treatment under resting conditions (WT); b) under sedation with romifidine administered intravenously (RT); c) under sedation with romifidine and concurrent intravenous infusion with dobutamine (RDT). A three-hour washout period was observed between each examination and the order of the examinations was randomly decided by rolling a dice. The measurements on the images recorded were performed offline at the end of the study protocol and at this point the operator was blinded to the horse and treatment administered. Left ventricular internal diameter (LVID) in diastole, left ventricular free wall (LVFW) in systole, and fractional shortening (FS) were higher in the WT group compared with the other two groups. No differences in the other M-mode and B-mode values were observed. A continuous rate infusion of dobutamine did not counteract the alterations caused by sedation and led to similar echocardiographic measurements to those obtained after romifidine administration., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Transjugular Patent Ductus Arteriosus Occlusion in Seven Dogs Using the Amplatzer Vascular Plug II.
- Author
-
Bagardi M, Domenech O, Vezzosi T, Marchesotti F, Bini M, Patata V, Croce M, Valenti V, and Venco L
- Abstract
Although vascular plugs for the closure of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) have been validated in dogs, studies are lacking on its use as a first-choice device with a transjugular approach. The present case series describes the transvenous right jugular embolization of PDA using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II in seven dogs of different ages, breeds, and body weights. Complete closure of the PDA was demonstrated in all cases. All dogs showed significant hemodynamic reduction of pulmonary overcirculation and left heart size after the procedure and at following echocardiographic check-ups. Transjugular PDA occlusion using an Amplatzer Vascular Plug II can thus be considered as a safe alternative to the arterial or venous femoral approach using an Amplatzer canine ductal occluder (ACDO), particularly in puppies with small femoral vessels.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Percutaneous Balloon Dilation in Two Dogs with Cor Triatriatum Dexter.
- Author
-
Patata V, Vezzosi T, Calogero G, Croce M, Broch H, Marchesotti F, Bini M, and Domenech O
- Abstract
Percutaneous balloon dilation was performed in a Rhodesian Ridgeback and in an American Staffordshire Terrier affected by cor triatriatum dexter (CTD). Both cases had ascites without jugular venous distension or pleural effusion. In both dogs the CTD presented a perforated membrane but with different morphology: in one case the coronary sinus entered the caudal chamber of the CTD together with the caudal vena cava. In the other case, the coronary sinus communicated with the cranial chamber of the CTD together with the cranial vena cava. Percutaneous balloon dilation of the CTD was successfully performed, and both dogs had uneventful surgery recoveries. At two years of follow-up, the dogs were free from clinical signs and cardiac medication.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Evaluation of a Novel Precordial Lead System for the Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Right Ventricular Enlargement in Dogs.
- Author
-
Grosso G, Vezzosi T, Pergamo CS, Bini M, Patata V, Domenech O, and Tognetti R
- Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability of precordial leads for the detection of right ventricular enlargement (RVE) in dogs. This was a prospective observational study. The RVE was defined by echocardiography. The amplitude (mV) of the Q, R, and S waves, the R/S ratio, and the mean electrical axis (MEA) of the QRS complex were assessed on the 12-lead ECG. The ROC curve and the Youden index yielded the best cutoffs for RVE detection. An area under the curve (AUC) > 0.7 defined suitable diagnostic accuracy. A total of 84 dogs, 27 with RVE and 57 healthy controls, were enrolled. Q wave amplitude in aVR (cutoff > 0.10 mV; AUC = 0.727), R/S ratio in V4 (cutoff < 1.15; AUC = 0.842), R/S ratio in V5 (cutoff < 1.95; AUC = 0.839) and S wave amplitude in V6 (cutoff > 0.70 mV; AUC = 0.703) showed suitable diagnostic accuracy in detecting RVE. Among dogs with RVE, only 9/27 (33%) presented a right shift of MEA. Differently, 19/27 (70%) showed at least one of the identified precordial lead criteria. Assessment of the R/S ratio in V4 and V5 and S wave amplitude in V6 increases the diagnostic accuracy of ECG in distinguishing between dogs with RVE and healthy dogs.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Abnormalities of External Jugular Veins in Bulldogs with Pulmonary Valve Stenosis.
- Author
-
Croce M, Vezzosi T, Marchesotti F, Patata V, Bini M, Lacava G, Venco L, and Domenech O
- Abstract
Two French bulldogs and one English bulldog affected by pulmonary valve stenosis and referred for pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty were diagnosed with different abnormalities of the external jugular veins. The diagnosis included unilateral absence of the right external jugular vein and bilateral hypoplasia of the external jugular veins, associated with persistent left cranial vena cava. Vascular ultrasound and computed tomography were used for the diagnosis. Jugular vein anomalies can affect decision-making regarding the central venous catheterization needed to perform procedures such as pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty or central catheter placement. Based on the results of the present case series, anomalies of external jugular veins should be considered in French and English bulldogs when the external jugular veins cannot be palpated or when echocardiography shows coronary sinus dilation. Vascular ultrasound or computed tomography may help identify jugular venous anomalies and should be considered in the preoperative evaluation of bulldogs that need to undergo interventional procedures requiring transjugular catheterization.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Clinical and Electrocardiographic Findings for Predicting the Severity of Pulmonary Valve Stenosis in Dogs.
- Author
-
Bini M, Vezzosi T, Fernández Del Palacio MJ, Talavera J, Patata V, Marchesotti F, and Domenech O
- Abstract
Pulmonary valve stenosis (PS) in dogs is usually suspected due to the presence of a heart murmur and clinical signs. Echocardiography is needed to confirm the diagnosis and define the severity of PS. This retrospective study evaluated the utility of clinical and electrocardiographic (ECG) findings in the prediction of PS severity. Data regarding heart murmur and ECG analysis were gathered. Ninety-seven dogs with PS were included. A murmur grade ≥IV/VI was predictive of severe PS (area under curve (AUC) = 0.71; sensitivity (Se) = 95%; specificity (Sp) = 33%; p = 0.003). In lead II, P wave amplitude >0.35 mV (AUC = 0.67; Se = 31%; Sp = 100%; p = 0.038), Q wave < 0.15 mV (AUC = 0.70; Se = 70%; Sp = 59%; p = 0.0015), R wave < 0.87 mV (AUC = 0.66; Se = 67%; Sp = 69%; p = 0.006), and S wave > 0.37 mV (AUC = 0.80; Se = 72%; Sp = 85%; p < 0.0001) were predictive of severe PS. The extent of right deviation of the mean electrical axis of the QRS complex was correlated with the pulmonary pressure gradient (r = 0.648; p < 0.0001). In conclusion, a systolic murmur with intensity ≥IV/VI, a P wave amplitude >0.35 mV, low amplitude of Q and R waves, deep S waves in lead II, and right axis deviation of the QRS complex in a young dog are predictive of severe PS.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Echocardiographic reference intervals for right ventricular indices, including 3-dimensional volume and 2-dimensional strain measurements in healthy dogs.
- Author
-
Feldhütter EK, Domenech O, Vezzosi T, Tognetti R, Sauter N, Bauer A, Eberhard J, Friederich J, and Wess G
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Echocardiography veterinary, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Prospective Studies, Stroke Volume, Ventricular Function, Right, Dog Diseases, Ventricular Dysfunction, Right veterinary
- Abstract
Background: There is currently a lack of reference intervals (RIs) for the novel measures like 3-dimensional (3D) echocardiography or speckle-tracking strain for assessment of right ventricular (RV) structure and function., Objectives: To generate RIs and to determine the influence of age, heart rate, and body weight (BW) on various RV function indices using a dedicated RV software for 3D RV end-diastolic volume (EDV), end-systolic volume (ESV), ejection fraction (EF), global and free wall RV longitudinal strain (RVLS), end-diastolic area (RVEDA), end-systolic area (RVESA), fractional area change (FAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), and tissue Doppler imaging (TVI)-derived systolic myocardial velocity of the lateral tricuspid annulus (S')., Animals: Healthy adult client-owned dogs (n = 211) of various breeds and ages., Methods: Prospective study. Reference intervals were estimated as statistical prediction intervals using allometric scaling for BW-dependent variables. Right-sided (upper limit) or left-sided (lower limit) 95% RIs were calculated for every variable. Inter- and intraobserver variability was determined., Results: Most variables showed clinically acceptable repeatability with coefficient of variation less than 10. Upper or respectively lower RI after allometric scaling to normalize for different BWs were: EDVn ≤ 2.5 mL/kg
0.942 , ESVn ≤ 1.2 mL/kg0.962 , TAPSEn ≥ 4.5 mm0.285 , RVEDAn ≤ 1.4 cm2 /kg0.665 , RVESAn ≤ 0.8 cm2 /kg0.695 , and TVI S'n ≥ 5.6 cm/s/kg0.186 . The calculated limits for indices without allometric normalization were: EF > 42.1%, FAC > 30.0%, free wall RVLS < -20.8%, and global RVLS < -18.3%., Conclusions: Echocardiographic RIs for RV structure and function are provided., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Breath-by-breath analysis of respiratory sinus arrhythmia in dogs.
- Author
-
Grosso G, Vezzosi T, Briganti A, Di Franco C, Tognetti R, and Mortola JP
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Autonomic Nervous System physiology, Heart Rate physiology, Respiratory Function Tests, Respiratory Rate physiology, Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia physiology
- Abstract
Dogs differ greatly in size, heart (HR) and breathing rates (BR). In addition, they have a clear Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA) at rest. Therefore, better than any other mammalian species, dogs offer an opportunity to test whether resting RSA varies with body weight, HR or BR. Sequences of inter-beat-intervals (IBI, ms) a few-minutes long were collected in twenty-three resting dogs of different sizes, together with pneumograms. IBI variability was quantified by standard time-domain criteria. From beat-to-beat instantaneous heart rate (hR, beats/min), RSA was the difference between inspiratory peak (hR-peak) and expiratory trough (hR-trough), in percent of mean HR. RSA averaged 40.1 % ±4.5, or more than three times that of humans, with large inter-animal variability. On average, RSA contributed 38 % of the total IBI variability. RSA did not differ between sexes and did not correlate with body weight. It had modest negative correlations with HR (P < 0.05) and BR (P < 0.05), and a very strong negative correlation with hR-trough (P < 0.001). In two separate dogs, during panting, RSA was absent. In the transition from resting to panting, RSA continued like at rest for several breaths, despite the tachypnea, underlying the importance of central mechanisms in the origin of RSA. In conclusion, RSA in dogs is very large and explains less than half of their sinus arrhythmia. Rather than HR, BR or hR-peak, changes in the vago-sympathetic control, represented by hR-trough, are the most likely source of variability of RSA among subjects., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Evaluation of a new portable 1-lead digital cardiac monitor (eKuore) compared with standard base-apex electrocardiography in healthy horses.
- Author
-
Vitale V, Vezzosi T, Tognetti R, Fraschetti C, and Sgorbini M
- Subjects
- Animals, Artifacts, Electrodes, Heart Rate physiology, Smartphone, Electrocardiography veterinary, Heart physiology, Horses physiology
- Abstract
Recently, the use of smartphone ECG devices has been reported in humans and animals. Nevertheless, as the electrodes of these devices are inseparable, they can create only a precordial reading in veterinary species. Thus, although the smartphone ECG devices are considered valuable as a screening tool for the detection of some common arrhythmias, they are not always a reliable method for the measurement of the duration of the electrical deflections. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the feasibility of a novel smartphone ECG device, to report the readings obtained recorded simultaneously with a reference ECG system, and to compare the heart rate and duration of cardiac deflections obtained with the two methods. A total of 28 healthy mares of different breeds and age were included in this study and ECG recordings were obtained simultaneously with a reference ECG telemetry system with surface electrodes attached to the skin with alligator clips using a standard base-apex system and a smartphone ECG device with electrodes positioned alternatively with a standard and a modified base apex derivation. All the recordings obtained were considered acceptable for interpretation. An excellent agreement was found between the two methods for the evaluation of heart rate and polarity of cardiac deflections. No differences regarding number, duration and percentage of artifacts were found. This technology could become a valid diagnostic tool in the cardiological assessment of horses, in particular on the field., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The Mitral INsufficiency Echocardiographic score: A severity classification of myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs.
- Author
-
Vezzosi T, Grosso G, Tognetti R, Meucci V, Patata V, Marchesotti F, and Domenech O
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Echocardiography veterinary, Mitral Valve diagnostic imaging, Retrospective Studies, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Mitral Valve Insufficiency diagnostic imaging, Mitral Valve Insufficiency veterinary
- Abstract
Background: There is no commonly shared severity score for myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) based on routinely acquired echocardiographic variables., Hypothesis/objectives: To propose an easy-to-use echocardiographic classification of severity of MMVD in dogs., Animals: Five hundred and sixty dogs with MMVD., Methods: This was a retrospective, multicenter, observational study. The proposed Mitral INsufficiency Echocardiographic (MINE) score was based on 4 echocardiographic variables: left atrium-to-aorta ratio, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter normalized for body weight, fractional shortening, and E-wave transmitral peak velocity. Specific echocardiographic cutoffs were defined based on previous prognostic studies on MMVD, and severity scores were assigned as follows: mild (score: 4-5), moderate (score: 6-7), severe (score: 8-12), late stage (score: 13-14)., Results: Median survival time was significantly different (P < .05) between the proposed severity classes: mild (2344 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1877-2810 days), moderate (1882 days, 95% CI 1341-2434 days), severe (623 days, 95% CI 432-710 days), and late stage (157 days, 95% CI 53-257 days). A MINE score >8 was predictive of cardiac death (area under the curve = 0.85; P < .0001; sensitivity 87%, specificity 73%). In the multivariable analysis, all the echocardiographic variables of the MINE score were independent predictors of death because of heart disease (P < .001)., Conclusions and Clinical Importance: The MINE score is a new easy-to-use echocardiographic classification of severity of MMVD, which has been proven to be clinically effective as it is associated with survival. This classification provides prognostic information and could be useful for an objective echocardiographic assessment of MMVD., (© 2021 The Authors. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Reference intervals for transthoracic echocardiography in the American Staffordshire Terrier.
- Author
-
Vezzosi T, Ghinelli R, Ferrari P, and Porciello F
- Subjects
- Animals, Dogs, Heart Ventricles diagnostic imaging, Reference Values, Stroke Volume, United States, Echocardiography veterinary, Ventricular Function, Left
- Abstract
This study reports the echocardiographic reference intervals in the American Staffordshire Terrier (AST). The echocardiographic variables obtained in 57 healthy adult AST were compared with published data from the general canine population and other breeds. In the AST, the left ventricular volumes were lower than values reported in Boxers and Dobermans (P<0.0001), but higher than in small breeds (P<0.0001). The left ventricular ejection fraction was higher than Boxers and Dobermans (P<0.0001), but lower than small breed dogs (P=0.027). The aortic peak velocity values were similar to Boxers (P=0.55) but higher than the general canine population (P<0.0001). The reference intervals presented in this study are clinically useful for an accurate echocardiographic interpretation and screening in the AST.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A radiographic study of breed-specific vertebral heart score and vertebral left atrial size in Chihuahuas.
- Author
-
Puccinelli C, Citi S, Vezzosi T, Garibaldi S, and Tognetti R
- Subjects
- Animals, Cardiomegaly diagnostic imaging, Cross-Sectional Studies, Dogs, Female, Heart Atria diagnostic imaging, Male, Prospective Studies, Radiography, Thoracic veterinary, Reference Values, Cardiomegaly veterinary, Dog Diseases diagnostic imaging, Heart diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Although echocardiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of cardio-structural disease, thoracic radiography is a rapid, cost-effective, and widely accessible method for evaluating cardiac size in dogs. The vertebral heart score (VHS) and the vertebral left atrial size (VLAS) are established as objective measures of cardiomegaly on thoracic radiographs. However, several studies have shown significant variations in the VHS among different breeds. The Chihuahua is predisposed to both congenital and acquired cardiac diseases. The aim of this prospective, single-center, cross sectional study was thus to evaluate the VHS and the VLAS in healthy adult Chihuahua dogs. A total of 30 Chihuahuas were included. The VHS values in our sample population of Chihuahuas were 10.0 ± 0.6 (95% range, 8.9-11.0). This was significantly greater than the canine reference value of 9.7 ± 0.5 established by Buchanan and Bücheler (P = .002). The VLAS of Chihuahuas in our study was 1.8 ± 0.2 (95% range, 1.3-2.1). This was significantly lower than the values previously reported by Malcolm et al (2.07 ± 0.25; P = .0004). The VHS and the VLAS were not influenced by sex, body weight, short or long hair, and body condition score in normal Chihuahuas. Our results indicated that breed-specific reference values for radiographic VHS and VLAS are needed. In Chihuahuas, the values found in this study can be used as a normal reference in order to help avoid overinterpretation of cardiomegaly in these dogs., (© 2020 American College of Veterinary Radiology.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.