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1. ‘Large Is Beautiful!’ Associative Retraining Changes Implicit Beliefs About Thinness and Beauty and Decreases Women’s Appearance Anxiety

Author: Armand Chatard, Yvana Bocage-Barthélémy, Julie Collange, Leila Selimbegović, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Adaptations Travail Individu (LATI - EA 4469), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers
Subjects: genetic structures, media_common.quotation_subject, lcsh:BF1-990, thin ideal, implicit beliefs, appearance anxiety, retraining, semantic associations, Social psychology, Task (project management), Developmental psychology, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 5. Gender equality, 0502 economics and business, medicine, Associative property, media_common, Implicit association, 05 social sciences, Retraining, lcsh:Psychology, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Beauty, Anxiety, 050211 marketing, medicine.symptom, Psychology
Abstract: International audience; Many women believe that they must be thin to be beautiful (Grogan, 2006). In comparison to men, women more heavily invest in and have more negative body image (Davis et al., 2020; Muth & Cash, 1997; Quittkat et al., 2019). This is associated with many undesirable outcomes, such as anxiety and unhealthy behaviors such as smoking, binge eating, physical inactivity, unhealthy diet, intentional vomiting, consumption of laxative, diuretic, or weight loss pills, and even suicide attempts in adolescents (Cash et al., 2004; Neumark-Sztainer et al., 2006; Rodríguez-Cano et al., 2006). Therefore, developing efficient ways to maintain a positive body image is a worthy pursuit for both theoretical and practical reasons. In the present work, we examined one potentially efficient strategy: the modification of semantic associations between thinness and beauty. We reasoned that if this association is weakened, then the implicit belief that thinness is a defining attribute of female beauty will also be attenuated. Further, if such a belief plays an important role in shaping women's body image concerns, then the techniques used to weaken the thin-beautiful association should also affect self-perception in terms of physical attractiveness and preoccupation with physical appear
Published: 2021
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2. Environmental enrichment-inspired pharmacological tools for the treatment of addiction

Author: Claudia Chauvet, Marcello Solinas, Nematollah Jaafari, Claire Lafay-Chebassier, Nathalie Thiriet, Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Service de Pharmacologie clinique et Vigilances [CHU Poitiers], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), CIC - Poitiers, Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), SOLINAS, Marcello, and Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], media_common.quotation_subject, Environment, Bioinformatics, 030226 pharmacology & pharmacy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Drug Discovery, Animals, Medicine, Beneficial effects, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Pharmacology, Environmental enrichment, business.industry, Addiction, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Brain, Abstinence, 3. Good health, 030104 developmental biology, Pharmacological interventions, Identification (biology), business
Abstract: International audience; Environmental enrichment (EE) has been shown to produce powerful beneficial effects in animal models of addiction. In particular, the ability of EE to promote abstinence and prevent relapse may allow for the identification of brain mechanisms responsible for the recovery from addiction. Indeed, the effects of EE on specific brain mechanisms could be mimicked by old or new molecules, which may become novel medications, called enviromimetics. Here, we review the best known enviromimetics for the treatment of addiction and suggest that, whereas these compounds may be relatively ineffective by themselves, they may be useful complements for existing therapeutic approaches to manage addiction which includes behavioural, environmental and pharmacological interventions.
Published: 2021
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3. Pneumothorax spontané et emphysème pulmonaire chez les consommateurs de cannabis

Author: Thierry Urban, Ghina Harika-Germaneau, Michel Underner, Nematollah Jaafari, Jean Perriot, Gérard Peiffer, Service de pneumologie, unité de tabacologie, centre de lutte antituberculeuse (CLAT 86), CHU de Poitiers, 86021 Poitiers, France, Micro et Nanomédecines Translationnelles (MINT), Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dispensaire Émile Roux, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), and Université de Poitiers
Subjects: Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Gynecology, medicine.medical_specialty, Substance-Related Disorders, business.industry, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Pulmonary emphysema, Pneumothorax, Marijuana Smoking, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, Marijuana smoking, 0302 clinical medicine, Pulmonary Emphysema, 030228 respiratory system, Prevalence, Humans, Medicine, Lung emphysema, 030212 general & internal medicine, business, Cannabis
Abstract: International audience; INTRODUCTION: If pulmonary complications of tobacco smoking are well documented, those associated with cannabis use are less known.OBJECTIVES: Systematic literature review of data on pneumothorax and lung emphysema in cannabis users.DOCUMENTARY SOURCES: Medline, on the period 1980-2018 with the following keywords cannabis or marijuana and pneumothorax or emphysema, limits "title/abstract". Among 97 articles, 42 abstracts have given use to a dual reading to select 20 studies.RESULTS: Eighteen case reports (8 with SP) showed bullae in the upper lobes in combined cannabis and tobacco smokers (CS) and in the 2 cannabis only smokers (COS). The risk of SP was increased in CS, but not in COS. In patients less than 35-years old presenting with SP, the incidence of bullae on thoracic computed tomography (CT) was higher in CS than in tobacco only smokers (TOS). CT in patients with SP showed no significant difference as regards of the prevalence, location and type of emphysema between CS and TOS. Proportion of low lung density areas was higher in CS than in non-smokers (NS), but was similar in TOS and NS.CONCLUSION: These results suggest a cumulative toxic effect of tobacco and cannabis on the risk of SP and lung emphysema.; IntroductionSi les complications pulmonaires du tabagisme sont bien connues, celles liées à l’usage du cannabis le sont moins.ObjectifsRevue systématique sur les données concernant le pneumothorax spontané (PS) et l’emphysème pulmonaire chez les consommateurs de cannabis.Sources documentairesMedline sur la période 1980–2018avec pour mots-clés: cannabis ou marijuana et pneumothorax ou emphysema (limites «Title/Abstract»). Parmi 97articles, 42résumés sélectionnés ont donné lieu à une double lecture aboutissant à retenir 20études.RésultatsSeize rapports de cas (8avec PS) retrouvaient des bulles des lobes supérieurs chez les fumeurs mixtes (FM) de cannabis et tabac et chez les 2fumeurs exclusifs de cannabis (FEC). Le risque de PS était accru chez les FM, mais pas chez les FEC. Chez des patients âgés de moins de 35ans ayant un PS, l’incidence des bulles à la tomodensitométrie (TDM) thoracique était plus élevée chez les FM que chez les fumeurs exclusifs de tabac (FET). La TDM thoracique des patients ayant un PS ne montrait pas de différence significative concernant la prévalence, la localisation et le type d’emphysème entre les FM et les FET. La proportion de zones avec diminution de la densité pulmonaire était plus importante chez les FM que chez les non-fumeurs (NF), mais similaire chez les FET et les NF.ConclusionLes résultats suggèrent un effet toxique cumulatif du tabac et du cannabis sur le risque de PS et d’emphysème pulmonaire.
Published: 2018
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4. Visual search for verbal material in patients with obsessive–compulsive disorder

Author: Ghina Harika-Germaneau, François Rigalleau, Jean-François Rouet, Mickaël Frasca, Eric Fakra, Florian Ferreri, Fabiano Botta, Christine Ros, Nematollah Jaafari, Nicolas Vibert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne), Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie [CHU Saint-Etienne], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Saint-Etienne (CHU de Saint-Etienne)-Hôpital Nord (Saint Etienne), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Faculté de Médecine (SU FM), Sorbonne Université (SU), Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CIC - Poitiers, Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Eye Movements, genetic structures, Verbal material, Audiology, Obsessive–compulsive disorder, behavioral disciplines and activities, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Word list, Obsessive compulsive, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, Attention, In patient, Biological Psychiatry, Aged, Visual search, Verbal Behavior, Working memory, Subliminal stimuli, Eye movement, Middle Aged, humanities, Semantics, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Reading, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Visual Perception, Eye tracking, Female, Selective attention, Eye-tracking, Psychology, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; This study aimed at investigating attentional mechanisms in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) by analysing how visual search processes are modulated by normal and obsession-related distracting information in OCD patients and whether these modulations differ from those observed in healthy people. OCD patients were asked to search for a target word within distractor words that could be orthographically similar to the target, semantically related to the target, semantically related to the most typical obsessions/compulsions observed in OCD patients, or unrelated to the target. Patients' performance and eye movements were compared with those of individually matched healthy controls. In controls, the distractors that were visually similar to the target mostly captured attention. Conversely, patients' attention was captured equally by all kinds of distractor words, whatever their similarity with the target, except obsession-related distractors that attracted patients' attention less than the other distractors. OCD had a major impact on the mostly subliminal mechanisms that guide attention within the search display, but had much less impact on the distractor rejection processes that take place when a distractor is fixated. Hence, visual search in OCD is characterized by abnormal subliminal, but not supraliminal, processing of obsession-related information and by an impaired ability to inhibit task-irrelevant inputs.
Published: 2018
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5. Évolution de la notion de viol conjugal du point de vue légal et sociétal en France et aux États-Unis

Author: Robert Courtois, François Fourment, Agnès Schlegel, Jean-Louis Senon, Vincent Camus, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Université de Tours (UT), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours (UT), Qualité de vie et Santé psychologique [Tours] (QualiPsy - E.E. 1901), Courtois, Robert, Université de Tours, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: medicine.medical_specialty, Social stigma, business.industry, 05 social sciences, Social change, MEDLINE, Poison control, Human factors and ergonomics, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, Suicide prevention, Occupational safety and health, 030227 psychiatry, [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Injury prevention, 050501 criminology, Medicine, business, Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0505 law
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2019
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6. Influence du trouble stress post-traumatique sur l’asthme

Author: Jean Perriot, Nematollah Jaafari, Michel Underner, Ghina Harika-Germaneau, Nelly Goutaudier, Gérard Peiffer, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Centre hospitalier régional Metz-Thionville (CHR Metz-Thionville), Dispensaire Émile Roux, and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: business.industry, Disease progression, General Medicine, 16. Peace & justice, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Stress disorders, Medicine, business, Humanities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: Resume Introduction L’exposition a un evenement traumatique peut favoriser la survenue de troubles psychiatriques dont le trouble stress post-traumatique (TSPT) mais egalement des symptomes et/ou pathologies respiratoires, dont l’asthme. Objectifs Revue systematique de la litterature sur les donnees concernant l’influence d’un TSPT sur le developpement d’un asthme ou l’aggravation d’un asthme preexistant au traumatisme. Sources documentaires Medline sur la periode 1980–2018 avec pour mots-cles : « PTSD » ou « post-traumatic stress disorder » ou « post-traumatic stress disorder » et « asthme », avec les limites « Title/Abstract » ; les langues retenues etaient l’anglais et le francais. Parmi 141 articles, 59 resumes selectionnes ont donne lieu a une double lecture aboutissant a retenir 14 etudes. Resultats Si le TSPT peut survenir 4 semaines apres l’exposition a un traumatisme au cours duquel l’integrite physique de la personne a ete menacee, il peut egalement se developper plusieurs mois ou annees plus tard. Le TSPT est un facteur de risque de developpement de l’asthme et peut egalement aggraver les symptomes d’un asthme preexistant. Il est important de noter que cette relation a ete demontree sur differentes populations, divers traumatismes et quel que soit le genre et/ou l’ethnie. Outre son impact sur le developpement de l’asthme, chez les patients asthmatiques, le TSPT peut etre responsable d’un mauvais controle de l’asthme, de taux plus eleves de recours aux soins (visites au service des urgences et/ou hospitalisation pour asthme) et d’une moindre qualite de vie liee a l’asthme. La presente revue a egalement suggere que l’etude de l’association entre le TSPT et l’asthme doit tenir compte des facteurs confondants potentiels, notamment le tabagisme et l’exposition aux poussieres (ex : asthme consecutif aux attaques du World Trade Center). Les mecanismes possibles de l’association entre TSPT et asthme sont imparfaitement connus. Plusieurs facteurs incluant le systeme nerveux, l’axe hypothalamo-hypophyso-surrenalien, la reponse inflammatoire et le systeme immunitaire pourraient expliquer ce lien. Conclusion Le TSPT est un facteur de risque de developpement de l’asthme et d’aggravation d’un asthme preexistant. Chez les patients asthmatiques, il est donc important de rechercher systematiquement un TSPT survenu apres l’evenement traumatique ou preexistant a cet evenement. De plus, lors d’exposition a un evenement traumatique, une attention particuliere doit etre pretee aux troubles somatiques dont l’asthme. La majorite des etudes ayant ete menees sur des populations americaines ; il semble important de repliquer les etudes en population Europeenne afin d’apporter de nouveaux elements de connaissance sur cette association.
Published: 2019
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7. Suicidal Ideation in Elite Schools: A Test of the Interpersonal Theory and the Escape Theory of Suicide

Author: Helene Landrault, Gabriel Malka, Mohamed Amine, Armand Chatard, Leila Selimbegović, Nemat Jaafari, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University [Marocco] (UM6P), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, 050103 clinical psychology, Adolescent, bepress|Engineering, media_common.quotation_subject, Emotions, Poison control, 050109 social psychology, Suicide, Attempted, Interpersonal communication, Suicide prevention, Risk Assessment, Developmental psychology, Suicidal Ideation, Interpersonal relationship, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Young Adult, Surveys and Questionnaires, Injury prevention, medicine, bepress|Medicine and Health Sciences|Medical Specialties|Psychiatry, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Interpersonal Relations, PsyArXiv|Engineering Psychology, Students, Suicidal ideation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Schools, 4. Education, 05 social sciences, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Human factors and ergonomics, 16. Peace & justice, PsyArXiv|Social and Behavioral Sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, Clinical Psychology, Feeling, PsyArXiv|Psychiatry, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, bepress|Social and Behavioral Sciences, Female, medicine.symptom, Psychology, Psychological Theory
Abstract: International audience; Objective: The present study compared the ability of two contemporary theories of suicidal behavior—the interpersonal and escape theories of suicide—to predict suicidal ideation. The interpersonal theory proposes that the interaction of perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness predicts suicidal ideation. The escape theory proposes that feelings of failure predict suicidal ideation and that escape motivation mediates this relationship. The present study intended to determine which of the two theories more successfully explains suicidal ideation. Method: A sample of 306 students from elite schools in Morocco (193 women, Mage = 21.21 years, predominantly Muslims) completed a questionnaire assessing feelings of failure and escape motivation, perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness, suicide ideation, and control variables. Results: In line with previous research, separate tests revealed support for the two theories. Interestingly, when entered simultaneously in a multiple regression analysis, the two frameworks explained a unique and cumulative part of the variance in suicidal ideation. Moreover, the effects remained significant after controlling for past suicide attempts, depression, hopelessness, and stress. Conclusions: The findings suggest that combining the interpersonal and escape theories of suicide could help better explain the emergence of suicidal ideation among college students.
Published: 2018
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8. Stalking: From 'romantic pursuit' to sexual predation

Author: Cailleau, Virginie, Harika-Germaneau, Ghina, Delbreil, Alexia, Jaafari, Nematollah, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Université de Poitiers - Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Université de Poitiers, Axe 3 (2017-2021) : 'Les frontières du corps ' (MSHS Poitiers), Maison des sciences de l'homme et de la société de Poitiers (MSHS), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Recherche en Psychopathologie Clinique - Clinique de l’Acte et Psychosexualité (CRPC-CAPS EA 4050), Recherches en Psychopathologie, nouveaux symptômes et lien social (EA 4050), Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Poitiers-Université de Brest (UBO)-Université Catholique de l'Ouest (UCO)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES), Groupement de recherche en Psychiatrie (GDR Psychiatrie (3557)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology, stalking, agression sexuelle, harcèlement, [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences
Abstract: International audience; Deriving from the English verb “to stalk”, stalking denotes an unwelcome, repetitive, and intrusive harassing and/or threatening behavior directed toward a specific individual, and can result in physical and/or sexual offending – even leading to homicide.French harassment legislation has evolved over the years, and the last law closest to the international anti-stalking laws had been promulgated in 2014.According to a review, up to 16% of women and 7% of men are stalked in their life, and 80% of the stalkers are known to their victims.Stalkers are a heterogeneous population, either seeking an intimate relationship with someone the stalker knows or with a celebrity, or being revenge-motivated, or tracking their victims with the aim of offending them.Stalkers threat their victims in about half of the cases, and physically offend them in a third of the cases, violence being more often directed against ex-intimates.Sexual offending would be the consequence of harassment behavior for some stalkers, and would be the initial aim of the stalking for others.; Issu du verbe anglais « to stalk » (« poursuivre furtivement », « traquer »), le stalking désigne un ensemble de comportements indésirables et intrusifs qui sont réitérés à maintes reprises à l’encontre d’une personne spécifique dans le but de la harceler et/ou de la menacer, et qui peuvent conduire à l’agression physique et/ou sexuelle – voire à l’homicide – de celle-ci.La législation française a évolué au fil des ans concernant le harcèlement, et la dernière loi se rapprochant le plus des lois anti-stalking existant au niveau international date de 2014.Selon une revue de la littérature, jusqu’à 16 % des femmes et 7 % des hommes seraient victimes de stalking durant leur vie, la victime et son harceleur se connaissant dans 80 % des cas.Les auteurs de stalking constituent une population hétérogène, certains cherchant à établir une relation intime avec une victime connue ou avec une célébrité, d’autres étant motivés par un désir de vengeance, et d’autres enfin traquant leur victime dans un objectif d’agression.Les auteurs de stalking menacent leurs victimes dans environ la moitié des cas et les agressent physiquement dans un tiers des situations, les violences étant le plus souvent dirigées contre des ex-partenaires intimes.Pour certains auteurs de stalking, l’agression sexuelle découlerait de leur comportement de harcèlement, tandis que pour d’autres elle constituerait le but initialement visé.
Published: 2018
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9. Generalization of effects of environmental enrichment on seeking for different classes of drugs of abuse

Author: Céline Nicolas, Nematollah Jaafari, Marcello Solinas, Marine Istin, Nathalie Thiriet, Magdalena Sikora, Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, and Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Drug, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Nicotine, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Drug-Seeking Behavior, Self Administration, Environment, Generalization, Psychological, Heroin, Methamphetamine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Animals, Psychiatry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Craving, Psychotropic Drugs, business.industry, Heroin Dependence, Addiction, Meth, Tobacco Use Disorder, Abstinence, Housing, Animal, 3. Good health, Disease Models, Animal, 030104 developmental biology, chemistry, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Cues, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, medicine.drug
Abstract: Background Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by persistent vulnerability to relapse during abstinence. In animal models of addiction, accumulating evidence suggests that exposure to environmental enrichment (EE) during periods of abstinence can have curative effects on addiction and reduce the risks of relapse. However, until present most studies have mainly focused on cocaine. In this study, we investigated whether EE could have beneficial effects on cue-induced seeking for several psychoactive drugs belonging to different pharmacological classes such as methamphetamine (METH), heroin (HER) and nicotine (NIC). Methods After self-administration training of METH, HER and NIC, rats were housed in enriched (EE) or standard environments (SE) for 21–28 days of forced abstinence and then drug-seeking behavior was assessed in the absence of the drug. Results We found that, compared to SE housing, exposure to EE reduced drug seeking behavior for all drugs tested. Conclusions These findings suggest that the anti-craving effects of EE are general for a wide variety of drugs and support the hypothesis that environmental stimulation may be a general intervention for attenuating relapse in humans.
Published: 2018
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10. Spoken and written narratives from French- and English-speaking children with Language Impairment

Author: Reilly, Judy, Bernicot, Josie, Polse, Lara, Olive, Thierry, Uze, Joel, Wulfeck, Beverly, Broc, Lucie, Favart, Monik, Appelbaum, Mark, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), San Diego State University (SDSU), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), BCL, équipe Langage et Cognition, Bases, Corpus, Langage (UMR 7320 - UCA / CNRS) (BCL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California, Maya Hickmann, Edy Veneziano, Harriet Jisa, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers
Subjects: narrative, [SCCO]Cognitive science, French, English, morphology, cross-linguistic comparison, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, language impairment, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, complex syntax, spoken and written language
Abstract: International audience; Children with Language Impairment (LI) show significant delays in spoken language development with persistent problems in morphology. In this chapter, we compare spoken and written narratives from children with LI and their typically developing peers (TD) in French and English. We investigate the role of modality (spoken and written language), and the contribution of language-specific factors (French and English) to the LI phenotype. We found that both French and English LI groups exhibit problems with morphology; however, they use complex syntax strategically to bring coherence to their stories. Moreover, both LI and TD children are sensitive to the pragmatic and rhetorical conventions of their linguistic communities. Our findings increase our understanding of the nature of LI, and how language-specific features and culture might affect this profile.
Published: 2018
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11. Contextual and behavioral influences on uncertainty in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Author: Corinne Martin-Guehl, Nicolas Langbour, Nematollah Jaafari, Martine Bordessoulles, Pierre Burbaud, Bernard Bioulac, Bruno Aouizerate, Michèle Allard, Bixente Dilharreguy, Dominique Guehl, Jean-Yves Rotge, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), and Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Cognitive Neuroscience, Decision Making, Prefrontal Cortex, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Context (language use), Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Young Adult, Region of interest, Obsessive compulsive, Parietal Lobe, mental disorders, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, medicine, Humans, Behavioral adaptation, Brain Mapping, medicine.diagnostic_test, Functional Neuroimaging, Motor Cortex, Uncertainty, Brain, Cognition, Reciprocal determinism, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Case-Control Studies, Compulsive Behavior, Female, Orbitofrontal cortex, Occipital Lobe, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: International audience; Behavioral adaptation generally follows the contextual changes arising from the consequences (rewards and punishments) of an action. According to the reciprocal determinism model, there is a mutual influence between external context, cognitive processes and behavior. The maladaptive behaviors observed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have been hypothesized to result from the disruption of the interactions between these three entities. For this, we assessed the influence of error signals and checking behavior on prefrontal cortical functions during decision-making in 14 OCD patients and 14 matched healthy participants. We used a behavioral task designed to elicit intolerance of uncertainty (IU) followed by the free expression of checking behaviors, which was coupled with functional magnetic resonance imaging. At the behavioral level, IU intensity was correlated to the number of checking behaviors in both checking OCD patients and healthy controls during decision-making. However, external error signals did not influence checking behaviors in OCD patients, whereas they appeared to trigger checking behaviors in healthy subjects. At the neural level, IU intensity was positively correlated with activation in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) in both the OCD and control groups. At the region of interest (ROI) level, error signals increased IU-related OFC activations; in contrast, checking behaviors contributed to decreasing these neural activations in the healthy subjects, but no such modulation was observed in the OCD patients. Our results show that IU-related OFC dysfunctions are not under the influence of the context and the behavioral response in OCD, suggesting that alterations of the dynamic features for this neural network may contribute to the expression of OCD symptoms.
Published: 2015
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12. Methylomic changes in individuals with psychosis, prenatally exposed to endocrine disrupting compounds: Lessons from diethylstilbestrol

Author: Rivollier, Fabrice, Chaumette, Boris, Bendjemaa, Narjes, Chayet, Mélanie, Millet, Bruno, Jaafari, Nematollah, Barhdadi, Amina, Lemieux Perreault, Louis-Philippe, Provost, Sylvie, Dubé, Marie-Pierre, Gaillard, Raphaël, Krebs, Marie-Odile, Kebir, Oussama, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques, Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Groupement de recherche en Psychiatrie (GDR Psychiatrie (3557)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Sainte Anne, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Montreal Heart Institute - Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, HAL UPMC, Gestionnaire, Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Service de Psychiatrie Adulte [CHU Pitié-Salpêtière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Groupement de recherche en Psychiatrie ( GDR Psychiatrie (3557) ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ), Service de Psychiatrie adulte [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Service de psychiatrie adulte [CHU Pitié-Salpêtière], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, Physiology, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Neurodevelopment, lcsh:Medicine, Biochemistry, Mechanical Treatment of Specimens, Epigenesis, Genetic, Pregnancy, Medicine and Health Sciences, Morphogenesis, lcsh:Science, Promoter Regions, Genetic, DNA methylation, Chemical Disruption, Chromatin, Body Fluids, Nucleic acids, DNA-Binding Proteins, Blood, Specimen Disruption, Maternal Exposure, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Epigenetics, Female, Anatomy, DNA modification, Chromatin modification, Research Article, Chromosome biology, Adult, Cell biology, ADAMTS9 Protein, Research and Analysis Methods, Mental Health and Psychiatry, Genetics, Humans, Diethylstilbestrol, Treatment Guidelines, Health Care Policy, Biology and life sciences, lcsh:R, Psychoses, DNA, Health Care, Repressor Proteins, Psychotic Disorders, Specimen Preparation and Treatment, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Schizophrenia, lcsh:Q, CpG Islands, Gene expression, Developmental Biology, Transcription Factors
Abstract: International audience; Background: In the Western world, between 1940 and 1970, more than 2 million people were exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol (DES). In exposed individuals, and in their descendants, adverse outcomes have been linked to such exposure, including cancers, genital malformations, and less consistently, psychiatric disorders. We aimed to explore whether prenatal DES exposure would be associated with DNA methylation changes, and whether these epigenetic modifications would be associated with increased risk of psychosis.Methods: From 247 individuals born from mothers exposed to DES, we selected 69 siblings from 30 families. In each family, at least one sibling was exposed in utero to DES. We performed a methylome-wide association study using HumanMethylation450 DNA Analysis BeadChip® in peripheral blood. We analyzed methylation changes at individual CpGs or regions in exposed (n = 37) versus unexposed individuals (n = 32). We also compared exposed individuals with (n = 7) and without psychosis (n = 30).Results: There were more individuals with schizophrenia in the DES-exposed group. We found no significant differences between exposed and unexposed individuals with respect to differentially methylated CpGs or regions. The largest difference was in a region near the promoter of an ADAMTS proteoglycanase gene (ADAMTS9). Compared to exposed individuals without psychosis, exposed individuals with psychosis had differential methylation in the region encompassing the gene encoding the zinc finger protein 57 (ZFP57).Conclusions: In utero exposure to DES was not associated with methylation changes at specific CpG or regions. In exposed individuals, however, psychosis was associated with specific methylomic modifications that could impact neurodevelopment and neuroplasticity.
Published: 2017
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13. Effect of Intra- and Extrauterine Growth on Long-Term Neurologic Outcomes of Very Preterm Infants

Author: Guellec, Isabelle, Lapillonne, Alexandre, Picaud, Jean-Charles, Mitanchez, Delphine, Charkaluk, Marie-Laure, Flamand, Cyril, Roze, Jean-Christophe, Ancel, Pierre-Yves, Larroque, Benoit, Ancel, P.Y., Blondel, B., Bréart, G., Garel, M., Kaminski, Monique, Maillard, F., du Mazaubrun, C., Missy, P., Sehili, F., Supernant, K., Marchand, L., Durand, M., Matis, J., Messer, J., Treisser, A., Burguet, A., Abraham-Lerat, L., Menget, A., Roth, P., Schaal, P., Thiriez, G., Leveque, C., Marret, Stéphane, Marpeau, L., Boulot, P., Cambonie, Gilles, Picaud, C., Donadio, M., Ledésert, B., André, M., Fresson, Jeanne, Hascoët, M., Arnaud, Catherine, Grandjean, H., Rolland, M., Fily, A., Ego, Anne, Outtier, M., Pierrat, V., Subtil, D., Truffert, P., Boog, G., Rouger-Bureau, V., Rozé, C., Dehan, M., Zupan-Simunek, V., Vodovar, M., Voyer, M., Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), CHU Trousseau [APHP], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Département de Périnatologie, Hôpital Mère Enfant, Recherches épidémiologiques en santé périnatale et santé des femmes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire des Adaptations Métaboliques à l'Exercice en Conditions Physiologiques et Pathologiques (AME2P), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, Swedish Institute of Space Physics [Uppsala] (IRF), Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), DGA Tech. Navales, DGA Tech.Navales, Service de Médecine Néonatale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Techniques pour l'Evaluation et la Modélisation des Actions de la Santé (TIMC-IMAG-ThEMAS), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC-IMAG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-IMAG-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Département d'obstétrique[Lille], Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Biologie et physiologie des cellules digestives, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Faculté des Sciences du SportFaculté des Sciences du Sport, UFR STAPS-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-UFR Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives - Clermont-Ferrand (UFR STAPS - UBP), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Techniques pour l'Evaluation et la Modélisation des Actions de la Santé (TIMC-ThEMAS), Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité - Informatique, Mathématiques et Applications, Grenoble - UMR 5525 (TIMC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-IMAG-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-IMAG-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])
Subjects: [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

14. Effect of Intra- and Extrauterine Growth on Long-Term Neurologic Outcomes of Very Preterm Infants

Author: Isabelle Guellec, Alexandre Lapillonne, Stephane Marret, Jean-Charles Picaud, Delphine Mitanchez, Marie-Laure Charkaluk, Jeanne Fresson, Catherine Arnaud, Cyril Flamand, Gilles Cambonie, Monique Kaminski, Jean-Christophe Roze, Pierre-Yves Ancel, B. Larroque, P.Y. Ancel, B. Blondel, G. Bréart, M. Dehan, M. Garel, M. Kaminski, F. Maillard, C. du Mazaubrun, P. Missy, F. Sehili, K. Supernant, L. Marchand, M. Durand, J. Matis, J. Messer, A. Treisser, A. Burguet, L. Abraham-Lerat, A. Menget, P. Roth, J.-P. Schaal, G. Thiriez, C. Leveque, S. Marret, L. Marpeau, P. Boulot, G. Cambonie, J.-C. Picaud, A.M. Donadio, B. Ledesert, M. André, J. Fresson, J.M. Hascoët, C. Arnaud, H. Grandjean, M. Rolland, A. Fily, A. Ego, M.L. Outtier, V. Pierrat, D. Subtil, P. Truffert, G. Boog, V. Rouger-Bureau, J.-C. Rozé, V. Zupan-Simunek, M. Vodovar, M. Voyer, Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Service de pédiatrie néonatale et réanimation - neuropédiatrie [Rouen], Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen]-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (IFRMP 23), CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-CRLCC Henri Becquerel-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Edouard Herriot [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rhône-Alpes (CRNH-RH), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-CHU Saint-Etienne-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-CHU Grenoble-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF), Service de Néonatalogie [CHU Tousseau], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Service d'Epidémiologie et Evaluations Cliniques [CHRU Nancy] (Pôle S2R), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Normandie Université (NU)-Hôpital Charles Nicolle [Rouen], Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CRLCC Henri Becquerel-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Rouen, Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fédération pour la recherche en explorations et thérapeutiques innovantes in utéro (FETUS - EA 7328), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants (UMR_S 953), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Team 4 'NeoVasc' - INSERM U1245, Génomique et Médecine Personnalisée du Cancer et des Maladies Neuropsychiatriques (GPMCND), Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Gynécologie-Obstétrique et Médecine de la Reproduction [CHU Caen], Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-CHU Caen, Normandie Université (NU)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN)-Tumorothèque de Caen Basse-Normandie (TCBN), Service de Néonatalogie [Croix-Rousse - Lyon], Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse [CHU - HCL], Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine, CHU UCL Namur, Comité consultatif sur le traitement de l'information en matière de recherche dans le domaine de la santé, CCTIRS, INSERM, U1027, Toulouse, France., DGA Tech. Navales, DGA Tech.Navales, Institut Européen des membranes (IEM), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Médecine Néonatale, Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille], Département d'obstétrique[Lille], Hôpital Jeanne de Flandre [Lille]-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CIC Plurithématique de Nantes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Ministère des Affaires sociales et de la Santé-Direction générale de l'offre de soins (DGOS)-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Nantes (CHU Nantes), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Team 4 NeoVasc - Region Team ERI 28 INSERM (Neovasc), Service de Néonatalogie [Lyon], Epidémiologie et analyses en santé publique : risques, maladies chroniques et handicaps (LEASP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Trousseau [APHP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université-Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier (ENSCM)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Montpellier (UM)
Subjects: Male, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Birth weight, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neuropsychological Tests, Weight Gain, Fetal Development, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Weight loss, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, small-for-gestational age, Child, neurological outcome, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, reproductive and urinary physiology, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, Learning Disabilities, business.industry, Cerebral Palsy, Weight change, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Gestational age, medicine.disease, female genital diseases and pregnancy complications, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, extrauterine growth restriction, Child, Preschool, Infant, Small for Gestational Age, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Gestation, Small for gestational age, Female, medicine.symptom, Cognition Disorders, business, preterm, Weight gain, Infant, Premature, Follow-Up Studies
Abstract: International audience; OBJECTIVE:To determine whether extrauterine growth is associated with neurologic outcomes and if this association varies by prenatal growth profile.STUDY DESIGN:For 1493 preterms from the EPIPAGE (Étude Épidémiologique sur les Petits Âges Gestationnels [Epidemiological Study on Small Gestational Ages]) cohort, appropriate for gestational-age (AGA) was defined by birth weight >-2 SD and small for gestational-age (SGA) by birth weight ≤-2 SD. Extra-uterine growth was defined by weight gain or loss between birth and 6 months by z-score change. Growth following-the-curve (FTC) was defined as weight change -1 to +1 SD, catch-down-growth (CD) as weight loss ≥1 SD, and catch-up-growth (CU) as weight gain ≥1 SD. At 5 years, a complete medical examination (n = 1305) and cognitive evaluation with the Kauffman Assessment Battery for Children (n = 1130) were performed. Behavioral difficulties at 5 years and school performance at 8 years were assessed (n = 1095).RESULTS:Overall, 42.5% of preterms were AGA-FTC, 20.2% AGA-CD, 17.1% AGA-CU, 5.6% SGA-FTC, and 14.5% SGA-CU. Outcomes did not differ between CU and FTC preterm AGA infants. Risk of cerebral palsy was greater for AGA-CD compared with AGA-FTC (aOR 2.26 [95% CI 1.37-3.72]). As compared with children with SGA-CU, SGA-FTC children showed no significant increased risk of cognitive deficiency (aOR 1.41[0.94-2.12]) or school difficulties (aOR 1.60 [0.84-3.03]). Compared with AGA-FTC, SGA showed increased risk of cognitive deficiency (SGA-FTC aOR 2.19 [1.25-3.84]) and inattention-hyperactivity (SGA-CU aOR 1.65 [1.05-2.60]).CONCLUSION:Deficient postnatal growth was associated with poor neurologic outcome for AGA and SGA preterm infants. CU growth does not add additional benefits. Regardless of type of postnatal growth, SGA infants showed behavioral problems and cognitive deficiency.
Published: 2016
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15. Major depressive disorder, personality disorders and coping strategies are independent risk factors for lower quality of life in non-metastatic breast cancer patients

Author: Brunault, Paul, Champagne, Anne-Laure, Huguet, Grégoire, Suzanne, Isabelle, Senon, Jean-Louis, Body, Gilles, Rusch, Emmanuel, Magnin, Guillaume, Voyer, Mélanie, Réveillère, Christian, Camus, Vincent, CHRU de Tours, Équipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Tours, France, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Psychologie des âges de la vie et adaptation (PAVeA), Université de Tours (UT), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), CHU Trousseau [Tours], Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours (UT), CHRU Tours, Psychologie des âges de la vie ( PAVeA ), Université de Tours, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, CHU de Poitiers, Imagerie et cerveau, Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Brunault, Paul
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [ SDV.MHEP.PSM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, humanities, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [ SDV.NEU.PC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, coping, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, quality of life, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, MESH : cancer, oncology, quality of life, coping, depression, oncology, depression, cancer, MESH: cancer, oncology, quality of life, coping, depression
Abstract: International audience; Objective: To identify risk factors for lower quality of life (QOL) in non-metastatic breast cancer patients.Methods: Our study included 120 patients from the University Hospital Centers of Tours and Poitiers. This cross-sectional study was conducted 7 months after patients’ breast cancer diagnosis and assessed QOL (Quality of Life Questionnaire-Core 30 = QLQ-C30), socio-demographic characteristics, coping strategies (Brief-Cope), physiological and biological variables (e.g., initial tumor severity, types of treatment received), the existence of major depressive disorder (Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview) and pain severity (QDSA). We assessed personality disorders 3 months after diagnosis (VKP questionnaire). We used multiple linear regression models to determine which factors were associated with physical, emotional and global QOL. Results: Lower physical QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, younger age, a more severe initial tumor stage and the use of the behavioral disengagement coping. Lower emotional QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, the existence of a personality disorder, a more severe pain level, higher use of self-blame and lower use of acceptance coping strategies. Lower global QOL was associated with major depressive disorder, the existence of a personality disorder, a more severe pain level, higher use of self-blame and lower use of positive reframing coping strategies and an absence of hormone therapy.Conclusions: Lower QOL scores were more strongly associated to variables related to the individual’s premorbid psychological characteristics and the manner in which this individual copes with the cancer (e.g., depression, personality and coping) than to cancer-related variables (e.g., treatment types, cancer severity).
Published: 2015
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16. A meta-analysis of the anterior cingulate contribution to social pain

Author: Nathalie George, Pascal Huguet, Eric Tartour, Ouriel Grynszpan, Jean-Yves Rotge, Philippe Fossati, Sophie Hinfray, Cédric Lemogne, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (U894), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine (UPD5 Médecine), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Service Universitaire de Psychiatrie de l'Adulte et du sujet âgé, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive (LPC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique (ISIR), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC - UMR-S U970), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille 1 - Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire (PARCC), Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service d'immunologie biologique, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou (HEGP), Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière (ICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP] - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Ouest (HUPO), Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences (CPN), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5) - Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de psychiatrie adulte [CHU Pitié-Salpêtière], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de psychiatrie adulte, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Institut du Cerveau et de la Moëlle Epinière = Brain and Spine Institute ( ICM ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine ( UPD5 Médecine ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Ouest (HUPO), Laboratoire de psychologie cognitive ( LPC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ), Institut des Systèmes Intelligents et de Robotique ( ISIR ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Paris-Centre de Recherche Cardiovasculaire ( PARCC - U970 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] ( HEGP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou [APHP] (HEGP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Ouest - Hôpitaux Universitaires Île de France Ouest (HUPO)
Subjects: Adult, Cognitive Neuroscience, Pain, [ SCCO.PSYC ] Cognitive science/Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Social Environment, Gyrus Cinguli, behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Midcingulate cortex, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Child, Anterior cingulate cortex, Cerebral Cortex, Neural correlates of consciousness, medicine.diagnostic_test, 05 social sciences, Social environment, Original Articles, General Medicine, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Distress, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cerebral cortex, Meta-analysis, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Psychology, Neuroscience, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract: International audience; Many functional magnetic resonance imaging studies have explored the neural correlates of social pain that results from social threat, exclusion, rejection, loss or negative evaluation. Although activations have consistently been reported within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), it remains unclear which ACC subdivision is particularly involved. To provide a quantitative estimation of the specific involvement of ACC subdivisions in social pain, we conducted a voxel-based meta-analysis. The literature search identified 46 articles that included 940 subjects, the majority of which used the cyberball task. Significant likelihoods of activation were found in both the ventral and dorsal ACC for both social pain elicitation and self-reported distress during social pain. Self-reported distress involved more specifically the subgenual and pregenual ACC than social pain-related contrasts. The cyberball task involved the anterior midcingulate cortex to a lesser extent than other experimental tasks. During social pain, children exhibited subgenual activations to a greater extent than adults. Finally, the ventro-dorsal gradient of ACC activations in cyberball studies was related to the length of exclusion phases. The present meta-analysis contributes to a better understanding of the role of ACC subdivisions in social pain, and it could be of particular importance for guiding future studies of social pain and its neural underpinnings.
Published: 2015
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17. Excessive checking behavior during an image comparison task in schizophrenia

Author: Jaafari , N., Chopin , N., Levy , C., Rotge , J.-Y., Lafay , N., Hammi , W., Rigalleau , F., Millet , B., Krebs , M.-O., Vibert , N., Group , Insight Study, Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques ( LNEC ), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage ( CeRCA ), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Association Clinique et Thérapeutique du Val-de-Marne (ACTIV), ACTIV, Centre de Recherche Clinique (CRC), CHI Créteil, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, CHU & UFR Médecine et Pharmacie, Comportement et noyaux gris centraux [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Centre de Recherche Clinique [Créteil] (CRC), Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal de Créteil (CHIC), Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Comportement et noyaux gris centraux = Behavior and Basal Ganglia [Rennes], Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes = Institute of Clinical Neurosciences of Rennes (INCR), CHU Pontchaillou [Rennes]-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Institut des Neurosciences Cliniques de Rennes (INCR)
Subjects: Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Eye Movements, Checking behavior, Audiology, behavioral disciplines and activities, Task (project management), Executive functions, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, mental disorders, medicine, Obsessive-compulsive disorder, Humans, Attention, In patient, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Memory Disorders, Working memory, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Eye movement, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Compulsive checking, Memory, Short-Term, Schizophrenia, Case-Control Studies, [ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Eye tracking, Female, Eye-tracking, Psychology, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: Background:Patients with schizophrenia display significant working memory and executive deficits. In patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), several studies suggest that working memory dysfunction may be one of the causes of compulsive checking behaviors. Hence, this study aimed at assessing whether patients with schizophrenia were impaired on an image comparison task used to measure checking behaviors, and whether the origin and profile of impairment on this task was different between schizophrenia and OCD.Methods:Eye movement recordings were used to assess the checking behavior of 24 patients with schizophrenia and 24 control participants who had to decide whether two images were different or identical. The verbal and visuo-spatial components of participants’ working memory were measured using the reading span and backward location span tests.Results:Compared to controls, patients with schizophrenia had reduced working memory spans and showed excessive checking behavior when comparing the two images. However, the intensity of their checking behavior was not significantly related to their working memory deficits.Conclusions:Several recent studies demonstrated that the excessive checking behaviors displayed by patients with OCD were related to working memory dysfunction. The absence of a relationship between the excessive checking behavior of patients with schizophrenia and their working memory deficits suggests that checking behaviors do not have the same origin in the two disorders.
Published: 2015
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18. Why do liver transplant patients so often become obese? The addiction transfer hypothesis

Author: Ephrem Salamé, Paul Brunault, Lisa Blecha, Robert Courtois, Nematollah Jaafari, Christian Réveillère, Christine Silvain, David Belin, Nicolas Ballon, Amine Benyamina, Brunault, Paul, Equipe de Liaison et de Soins en Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU Tours), Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire [Tours], Psychologie des âges de la vie et adaptation (PAVeA), Université de Tours (UT), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Hôpital Paul Brousse, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse, Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Tours (CHRU TOURS), Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Tours, Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, CHU de Poitiers, Laboratoire Inflammation, Tissus épithéliaux et Cytokines (LITEC), Université de Poitiers, Troubles du comportement alimentaire de l'adolescent (UMR_S 669), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Paul Brousse-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: obesity, [SDV.MHEP.CHI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, alcohol abuse, alcohol dependence, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.MHEP.PSM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, [SDV.NEU.PC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Alcohol abuse, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Alcohol use disorder, addiction transfer, 0302 clinical medicine, Alcohol and health, insight, 030212 general & internal medicine, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, [SDV.MHEP.EM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, education.field_of_study, liver transplantation, alcoholism, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, food addiction, General Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.EM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Endocrinology and metabolism, switch, 3. Good health, [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, alcohol addiction, compulsive eating behaviour, liver disease, medicine.medical_specialty, Food addiction, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, [SDV.MHEP.CHI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Surgery, alcohol use disorder, [SHS.PSY] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, mental disorders, medicine, binge eating disorder, Humans, education, Psychiatry, business.industry, Addiction, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, Alcohol dependence, [SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/Neuroscience, [SDV.NEU.NB] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, psychiatric disorders, [SDV.MHEP.HEG]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Models, Theoretical, medicine.disease, [SDV.MHEP.HEG] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Hépatology and Gastroenterology, Transplantation, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; In patients who receive transplantation for alcohol liver disease, obesity and metabolic syndrome are highly prevalent after transplantation and both contribute to a significant proportion of cardiovascular complications, late morbidity and mortality in this population. Although immunosuppressive medications have been hypothesised to explain some of these post-liver-transplantation (LT) metabolic complications, they cannot be considered the sole cause of obesity and metabolic syndrome, and the high prevalence of these illnesses remains unexplained. Given the significant overlap between the neurobiological, psychiatric and psychological factors that underlie alcohol addiction and reward-related behavioural dyscontrol disorders such as food addiction (FA), we hypothesised that the high prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome reported in patients who receive transplantation for alcohol liver disease could be explained at least partially by a switch in some individuals from a previous alcohol addiction to post-transplantation FA (i.e., addiction transfer = addiction switch). In our integrative model, we also speculate that an increased prevalence of FA or alcohol addiction may occur in patients with both specific psychobiological profiles and shared risk factors. We further hypothesise that in the subpopulation of patients who develop either alcohol addiction or FA after LT, those with high insight with regard to the consequences of alcohol use could be at higher risk for FA, whereas those with low insight could be at higher risk for alcohol addiction. We discuss here evidence for and against this hypothesis and discuss which patients could be more vulnerable to these two addictions after LT. Because it will not be either possible or ethical to test some of our hypotheses in humans, future studies should test these hypotheses using a translational strategy, using both clinical and preclinical approaches. If our hypotheses could account for the significant increase in obesity and metabolic syndrome after LT, this would lead to new avenues for research and preventive as well as therapeutic interventions for alcohol-related LT patients. All patients with previous or current alcohol addiction should be systematically screened for FA and followed up for subsequent risk of obesity and metabolic syndrome. Such strategies might be effective in improving survival, outcomes and quality of life after LT and also in the overall population of patients with alcohol addiction. By determining common risk factors for both alcohol addiction and FA using a translational approach, our model could help to find novel psychopharmacological and psychological strategies that might be effective in both FA and alcohol addiction.
Published: 2015
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19. Évaluation de l’orthographe des élèves dysphasiques en situation de narration communicative : variations selon le type d’orthographe, lexicale versus morphologique

Author: Broc, Lucie, Bernicot, J., Olive, T., Favart, M., Reilly, J., Quémart, P., Catheline, N., Gicquel, L., Jaafari, N., Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), San Diego State University (SDSU), Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers
Subjects: [SCCO]Cognitive science, Évaluation de l’orthographe, Specific language impairment, Apprentissages scolaires, Academic learning, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Spelling assessment, Narratives, Narrations, Dysphasie, Development, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, Développement
Abstract: International audience; IntroductionThe overall goal of the study was to draw, in French language, a complete picture of spelling abilities in young students with SLI, enrolling in ordinary classes.ObjectiveThe main aim was to show how the developmental trajectories of lexical spelling and the morphological spelling are different when a large age span is observed (7 to 18 years old).MethodsThe spelling abilities were evaluated through a narrative communicative. Two groups of students with SLI (7–11 years and 12–18 years) were compared with two groups of typical students matched on chronological age.ResultsThe lexical spelling was acquired before the morphological spelling for SLI and typical participants. At 12–18 of age, the SLI participants did not produce more lexical errors than the typical group. For the lexical spelling, at 7–11 years, the SLI participants had a specific difficulty with the segmentation of the words: they produced words that do not exist in the language and which by definition have no morphological markers.ConclusionThe SLI participants need more time to learn than the typical participants. At 7–11 years, before learning of morphology, they must be able to control segmentation the segmentation of words. The low number of morphological errors in the school SLI group of 7–11 years is not necessarily a sign of difficulty. The increase in the number of errors at 12–18 years is the sign that this problem has been exceeded and that the learning of the written morphological markers can really begin.; IntroductionLe but général de l’étude est d’établir, en langue française, un profil complet des capacités en orthographe des élèves dysphasiques scolarisés en milieu ordinaire.ObjectifIl s’agit de montrer dans quelle mesure la progression de l’orthographe lexicale et de l’orthographe morphologique se différencie si on prend un large empan d’âge (de 7 à 18 ans).MéthodeLes capacités en orthographe sont évaluées à travers une narration communicative. Deux groupes d’élèves dysphasiques (7–11 ans et 12–18 ans) sont comparés à deux groupes d’élèves typiques appariés sur l’âge chronologique.RésultatsL’orthographe lexicale est acquise avant l’orthographe morphologique pour les participants dysphasiques et typiques. À 12–18 ans, le groupe dysphasique ne produit pas plus d’erreurs lexicales que le groupe typique. En orthographe lexicale, les participants dysphasiques de 7–11 ans ont une difficulté spécifique avec la segmentation des mots : ils produisent des mots qui n’existent pas dans la langue et qui par définition n’ont pas de marques morphologiques.ConclusionLes élèves dysphasiques ont besoin de plus de temps pour apprendre que les élèves typiques. À 7–11 ans, avant l’apprentissage de la morphologie, ils doivent parvenir à maîtriser la segmentation des mots. De façon contre-intuitive, le faible nombre d’erreurs morphologiques des élèves dysphasiques de 7–11 ans est le signe d’une difficulté. L’augmentation du nombre de ces erreurs à 12–18 ans est le signe que la difficulté a été dépassée et que l’apprentissage des marques morphologiques à l’écrit peut réellement commencer.
Published: 2014
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20. Narrations écrites et orthographe chez les enfants et adolescents dysphasiques : Pourquoi les erreurs morphologiques augmentent-elles avec l’âge ?

Author: Judy Reilly, Josie Bernicot, Monik Favart, Joel Uze, Lucie Broc, Pauline Quemart, Thierry Olive, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, Maison des sciences de l'homme et de la société de Poitiers (MSHS), Université de Poitiers-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: lcsh:Social Sciences, lcsh:H, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 05 social sciences, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, 050301 education, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, 16. Peace & justice, 0503 education, 050105 experimental psychology
Abstract: ISBN: 978-2-7598-1289-9.; International audience; Le but général de l’étude est d’établir, en langue française, un profil complet des capacités en orthographe des élèves dysphasiques scolarisés en milieu ordinaire. L’objectif de cette recherche est de montrer dans quelle mesure la progression de l’orthographe lexicale et de l’orthographe morphologique se différencient si on prend un large empan d’âge (de 7 à 18 ans). Les capacités en orthographe ont été évaluées à travers une narration communicative. Deux groupes de participants dysphasiques (7-11 ans et 12-18 ans) ont été comparés à deux groupes de participants typiques appariés sur l’âge chronologique, le genre et le niveau socio-économique des parents. Les résultats obtenus montrent que l’orthographe lexicale est acquise avant l’orthographe morphologique pour les participants dysphasiques et typiques. En orthographe lexicale, à 7-11 ans, les participants dysphasiques ont une difficulté spécifique avec la segmentation des mots : ils produisent des mots qui n’existent pas dans la langue et qui par définition n’ont pas de marques morphologiques. En revanche, à 12-18 ans, le groupe dysphasique ne produit pas plus d’erreurs lexicales que le groupe typique. Ces résultats montrent que les enfants dysphasiques ont besoin de plus de temps pour apprendre que les enfants typiques. A 7-11 ans, avant l’apprentissage de la morphologie, ils doivent parvenir à maîtriser la segmentation des mots. De façon contre-intuitive, le faible nombre d’erreurs morphologiques des participants dysphasiques de 7-11 ans est le signe d’une difficulté. L’augmentation du nombre de ces erreurs à 12-18 ans est le signe que la difficulté a été dépassée et que l’apprentissage des marques morphologiques à l’écrit peut réellement commencer.
Published: 2014
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21. Narration écrite chez les élèves dysphasiques: Une évaluation de l’orthographe lexicale

Author: Broc, Lucie, Bernicot, Josie, Olive, Thierry, Favart, Monik, Reilly, Judy, Quemart, Pauline, Uze, Joel, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, and Broc, Lucie
Subjects: [SCCO.PSYC] Cognitive science/Psychology, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, [SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, [SHS.LANGUE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2014

22. Differential role of visuospatial working memory in the propensity toward uncertainty in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and in healthy subjects

Author: Bruno Aouizerate, Nicolas Langbour, Bernard Bioulac, Pierre Burbaud, Nemat Jaafari, Dominique Guehl, Virginie Lambrecq, Jean-Yves Rotge, C. Liégeois-Chauvel, Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Laboratoire de neurosciences expérimentales et cliniques (LNEC), Université de Poitiers-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP], Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
Subjects: Adult, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, medicine.medical_specialty, Matching to sample, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Short-term memory, Audiology, Spatial memory, behavioral disciplines and activities, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Obsessive compulsive, mental disorders, medicine, Humans, In patient, Applied Psychology, Working memory, Core component, Uncertainty, Healthy subjects, Middle Aged, Healthy Volunteers, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Memory, Short-Term, Space Perception, Visual Perception, Female, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: BackgroundObsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is associated with visuospatial working memory deficits. Intolerance of uncertainty is thought to be a core component of OCD symptoms. Recent findings argue for a possible relationship between abilities in visuospatial memory and uncertainty. However, this relationship remains unclear in both OCD patients and healthy subjects. To address this issue, we measured performance in visuospatial working memory and the propensity to express uncertainty during decision making. We assessed their relationship and the temporal direction of this relationship in both OCD patients and healthy subjects.MethodBaseline abilities in visuospatial working memory were measured with the Corsi block-tapping test. A delayed matching-to-sample task was used to identify explicit situations of certainty, uncertainty and ignorance and to assess continuous performance in visuospatial working memory. Behavioural variables were recorded over 360 consecutive trials in both groups.ResultsBaseline scores of visuospatial working memory did not predict the number of uncertain situations in OCD patients whereas they did in healthy subjects. Uncertain trials led to reduced abilities in visuospatial working memory to 65% of usual performance in OCD patients whereas they remained stable in healthy subjects.ConclusionsThe present findings show an opposite temporal direction in the relationship between abilities in working memory and uncertainty in OCD patients and healthy subjects. Poor working memory performance contributes to the propensity to feel uncertainty in healthy subjects whereas uncertainty contributes to decreased continuous performance in working memory in OCD patients.
Published: 2013
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23. Lexical spelling in children and adolescents with specific language impairment: Variations with the writing situation

Author: Monik Favart, Lucie Broc, Josie Bernicot, Thierry Olive, Judy Reilly, Joel Uze, Pauline Quemart, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Université de Poitiers, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers, and Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Male, Adolescent, Writing, Specific language impairment, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, [SCCO]Cognitive science, Age groups, Phonetics, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Narrative, Language Development Disorders, Child, Spelling education, Narration, Dictation, Pragmatics, 4. Education, Communication, 05 social sciences, Perspective (graphical), 050301 education, Linguistics, Chronological age, [SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics, medicine.disease, Spelling, Clinical Psychology, Lexical spelling, Education, Special, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Psychology, 0503 education
Abstract: International audience; The goal of this study was to compare the lexical spelling performance of children and adolescents with specific language impairment (SLI) in two contrasting writing situations: a dictation of isolated words (a classic evaluative situation) and a narrative of a personal event (a communicative situation). Twenty-four children with SLI and 48 typically developing children participated in the study, split into two age groups: 7-11 and 12-18 years of age. Although participants with SLI made more spelling errors per word than typically developing participants of the same chronological age, there was a smaller difference between the two groups in the narratives than in the dictations. Two of the findings are particularly noteworthy: (1) Between 12 and 18 years of age, in communicative narration, the number of spelling errors of the SLI group was not different from that of the typically developing group. (2) In communicative narration, the participants with SLI did not make specific spelling errors (phonologically unacceptable), contrary to what was shown in the dictation. From an educational perspective or that of a remediation program, it must be stressed that the communicative narration provides children-and especially adolescents-with SLI an opportunity to demonstrate their improved lexical spelling abilities. Furthermore, the results encourage long-term lexical spelling education, as adolescents with SLI continue to show improvement between 12 and 18 years of age.
Published: 2013
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24. Forgetting what you have checked: A link between working memory impairment and checking behaviors in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Author: R. Gil, Nemat Jaafari, Bruno Aouizerate, Jean-Pierre Olié, Fady Rachid, Pierre Burbaud, Jean-Yves Rotge, F. Rigalleau, M Frasca, Dominique Guehl, Nicolas Vibert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage (CeRCA), Université de Poitiers-Université de Tours (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Tours-Université de Poitiers
Subjects: Adult, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Eye Movements, media_common.quotation_subject, Checking behavior, Short-term memory, Task (project management), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Reading (process), Memory span, Humans, Attention, Aged, media_common, Memory Disorders, Forgetting, Eye movement recordings, Working memory, Working memory span, Image comparison task, Eye movement, Middle Aged, Gaze, 030227 psychiatry, Psychiatry and Mental health, Memory, Short-Term, Obsessive compulsive disorder, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Compulsive Behavior, Female, Psychology, Photic Stimulation, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract: BackgroundCompulsive checking behaviors are common in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Several authors have suggested that these checking rituals could be related to memory deficits. Our aim was to test whether patients with OCD show working memory impairment in relation to their checking behavior.MethodsWe evaluated the verbal and visuospatial components of patients’ and controls’ working memory using the reading span and backward location span tests. Checking behaviors were measured by recording participants’ eye movements during an image comparison task using a non-invasive, infra-red TOBII 1750 eyetracker. Participants were seated, head-free, in a natural position in front of the eyetracker screen where the images were displayed.ResultsPatients with OCD made more gaze moves to compare images than controls. Both patients’ working memory spans were reduced, and the patients’ deficit in the comparison task was negatively related to their working memory spans.ConclusionsThis work demonstrates that checking behavior in OCD is linked to a general reduction of the patients’ verbal and visuospatial working memory span.
Published: 2013
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25. Evolution of brain gray matter loss in Huntington's disease: a meta-analysis

Author: Virginie Lambrecq, Jean-Yves Rotge, Pierre Burbaud, Nicolas Langbour, Dominique Guehl, Bernard Bioulac, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Male, Pathology, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, Striatum, Functional Laterality, MESH: Nerve Degeneration, 0302 clinical medicine, Basal ganglia, Prefrontal cortex, Likelihood Functions, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, Brain, Middle Aged, MESH: Case-Control Studies, 3. Good health, Huntington Disease, Neurology, Disease Progression, Biomarker (medicine), Female, MESH: Disease Progression, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, MESH: Atrophy, Lateralization of brain function, 03 medical and health sciences, MESH: Brain, Huntington's disease, mental disorders, medicine, MESH: Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated, Humans, MESH: Functional Laterality, 030304 developmental biology, Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH: Adult, Voxel-based morphometry, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Huntington Disease, Case-Control Studies, Nerve Degeneration, MESH: Likelihood Functions, Neurology (clinical), Atrophy, Brain Gray Matter, business, Neuroscience, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Huntington's disease is characterized by neuronal loss throughout the disease course. Voxel-based morphometry studies have reported reductions in gray matter concentration (GMC) in many brain regions in patients with Huntington. The description of the time course of gray matter loss may help to identify some evolution markers. Here, we conducted a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies of Huntington's disease to describe the evolution of brain gray matter loss. A systematic search led to the inclusion of 11 articles on Huntington's disease (297 patients and 205 controls). We extracted data from patients with preclinical Huntington, patients with clinical Huntington, and controls. Finally, anatomical likelihood estimation analyses were conducted to identify GMC changes between preclinical patients and controls, between clinical patients and controls, and between preclinical and clinical patients. Preclinical patients exhibited gray matter loss in the left basal ganglia and the prefrontal cortex. Clinical patients had bilateral gray matter loss in the basal ganglia, the prefrontal cortex, and the insula. The left striatum was smaller in clinical patients than in preclinical patients. Neurodegenerative processes associated with Huntington's disease, as assessed by GMC reduction, begin in the left hemisphere and extend to the contralateral hemisphere throughout the inexorable course of the disease. Changes in gray matter, especially the volumetric side ratio of the striatum, could represent a relevant biomarker for characterizing the different progression stages of the disease.
Published: 2013

26. Is deep brain stimulation able to make antidepressants effective in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Author: Aouizerate, Bruno, Cuny, Emmanuel, Rotgé, Jean-Yves, Martin-Guehl, Corinne, Doumy, Olivier, Benazzouz, Abdelhamid, Allard, Michele, Rougier, Alain, Bioulac, Bernard, Tignol, Jean, Guehl, Dominique, Burbaud, Pierre, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: MESH: Basal Ganglia, MESH: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, MESH: Combined Modality Therapy, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Antidepressive Agents, MESH: Deep Brain Stimulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Male
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

27. Is deep brain stimulation able to make antidepressants effective in resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Author: Aouizerate, Bruno, Cuny, Emmanuel, Rotgé, Jean-Yves, Martin-Guehl, Corinne, Doumy, Olivier, Benazzouz, Abdelhamid, Allard, Michele, Rougier, Alain, Bioulac, Bernard, Tignol, Jean, Guehl, Dominique, Burbaud, Pierre, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Bordeaux (ICMCB), and Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Université de Bordeaux (UB)
Subjects: MESH: Basal Ganglia, MESH: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, MESH: Combined Modality Therapy, MESH: Humans, MESH: Middle Aged, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, MESH: Antidepressive Agents, MESH: Deep Brain Stimulation, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, MESH: Male
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

28. Psycho-criminologie

Author: Senon, Jean-Louis, Lopez, Gérard, Cario, Robert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut de mathématiques de Luminy (IML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Centre de Recherche et d'Analyse Juridiques (CRAJ), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
Subjects: assistance, Criminologie, Psychologie criminelle, etc, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Stress physiologique, Victimes − Protection, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Victimes de crimes
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

29. Psycho-criminologie

Author: Senon, Jean-Louis, Lopez, Gérard, Cario, Robert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut de mathématiques de Luminy (IML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Centre de Recherche et d'Analyse Juridiques (CRAJ), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
Subjects: assistance, Criminologie, Psychologie criminelle, etc, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Stress physiologique, Victimes − Protection, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Victimes de crimes
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

30. Psycho-criminologie

Author: Senon, Jean-Louis, Lopez, Gérard, Cario, Robert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut de mathématiques de Luminy (IML), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Centre de Recherche et d'Analyse Juridiques (CRAJ), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
Subjects: assistance, Criminologie, Psychologie criminelle, etc, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Stress physiologique, Victimes − Protection, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Victimes de crimes
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

31. Psycho-criminologie

Author: Senon, Jean-Louis, Lopez, Gérard, Cario, Robert, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut de mathématiques de Luminy (IML), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Recherche et d'Analyse Juridiques (CRAJ), and Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)
Subjects: assistance, Criminologie, Psychologie criminelle, etc, [SHS.DROIT]Humanities and Social Sciences/Law, Stress physiologique, Victimes − Protection, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Victimes de crimes
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2012

32. The associative and limbic thalamus in the pathophysiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder: an experimental study in the monkey

Author: Virginie Lambrecq, Nicolas Langbour, Dominique Guehl, Pierre Burbaud, Bernard Bioulac, Bruno Aouizerate, T H Nguyen, S Dovero, V Amestoy, L Cardoit, Jean-Yves Rotge, Jean Tignol, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière (CRICM), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Neurosciences cognitives et intégratives d'Aquitaine (INCIA), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hôpital Charles Perrens, Service de neurologie 1 [CHU Pitié-Salpétrière], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Bordeaux Segalen - Bordeaux 2-Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-SFR Bordeaux Neurosciences-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de Neurologie [CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière], IFR70-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)
Subjects: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Deep Brain Stimulation, medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, pharmacological manipulations, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Behavior, Animal, MESH: Animals, MESH: GABA-A Receptor Antagonists, Behavior, Animal, Muscimol, Psychiatry and Mental health, Schizophrenia, Anxiety, Original Article, monkey, medicine.symptom, Psychology, medicine.drug, Deep brain stimulation, Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus, Thalamus, MESH: Mediodorsal Thalamic Nucleus, Context (language use), Bicuculline, MESH: Macaca mulatta, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, MESH: Bicuculline, thalamus, medicine, Animals, GABA-A Receptor Antagonists, Biological Psychiatry, MESH: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, medicine.disease, Macaca mulatta, 030227 psychiatry, Functional imaging, Disease Models, Animal, MESH: Anterior Thalamic Nuclei, Anterior Thalamic Nuclei, nervous system, MESH: Deep Brain Stimulation, MESH: Disease Models, Animal, Hypoactivity, Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, MESH: Muscimol
Abstract: International audience; Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a frequent psychiatric disorder characterized by repetitive intrusive thoughts and severe anxiety, leading to compulsive behaviors. Although medical treatment is effective in most cases, resistance is observed in about 30% of patients. In this context, deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the caudate or subthalamic nuclei has been recently proposed with encouraging results. However, some patients were unimproved or exhibited awkward side effects. Therefore, exploration of new targets for DBS remains critical in OCD. In the latter, functional imaging studies revealed overactivity in the limbic and associative cortico-subcortical loops encompassing the thalamus. However, the role of the thalamus in the genesis of repetitive behaviors and related anxiety is unknown. Here, we tested the hypothesis that pharmacological-induced overactivity of the medial thalamus could give rise to abnormal behaviors close to that observed in OCD. We modulated the ventral anterior (VA) and medial dorsal (MD) nuclei activity by in situ bicuculline (GABA(A) antagonist) microinjections in subhuman primates and assessed their pharmacological-induced behavior. Bicuculline injections within the VA caused significant repetitive and time-consuming motor acts whereas those performed within the MD induced symptoms of dysautonomic dysregulation along with abnormal vocalizations and marked motor hypoactivity. These findings suggest that overactivation of the VA and MD nuclei of the thalamus provokes compulsive-like behaviors and neurovegetative manifestations usually associated with the feeling of anxiety in OCD patients. In further research, this translational approach should allow us to test the effectiveness and side effects of these thalamic nuclei DBS in monkey and perhaps, in a second step, to propose a transfer of this technique to severely disabled OCD patients.
Published: 2011

33. Conscience de Soi, maintien du Soi et identité humaine au cours de la maladie d'Alzheimer

Author: Marie-Noëlle Fargeau, Roger Gil, Nemat Jaafari, Université de Poitiers, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, and Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL)
Subjects: [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Identité, 05 social sciences, Alzheimer's disease, 16. Peace & justice, 050105 experimental psychology, Ipséité, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Identity, Conscience de soi, Démence d'Alzheimer, Ipseity, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Self-consciousness, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Applied Psychology
Abstract: International audience; L'identité est conscience de Soi et s'exprime aussi dans un "être-au-monde" qui manifeste aux autres le Soi. L'évaluation dans une population Alzheimer des trois facettes du Soi (matérielle, sociale, spirituelle) a montré que le Soi social était le plus fragile, et que la sévérité de l'atteinte du Soi était liée à l'apathie et au déficit de la mémoire autobiographique sémantique. Il apparaît aussi que l'ipséité est électivement atteinte par la maladie.
Published: 2011
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34. Les mouvements oculaires comme moyen de contourner l'insight lors de l'évaluation des comportements de vérification dans le trouble obsessionnel compulsif (TOC)

Author: J.-Y. Rotge, Nemat Jaafari, Nicolas Vibert, Mickaël Frasca, François Rigalleau, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, and Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL)
Subjects: Eye movement recordings, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Image comparison, Comparaison d'image, 030227 psychiatry, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Enregistrement des mouvements oculaires, Mémoire du travail, Working Memory, Insight, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Applied Psychology
Abstract: Resume Rotge et al. [2] ont montre que la comparaison d’images presentees sequentiellement permettait d’evaluer les comportements de verification. Toutefois, les patients ayant un bon insight pouvaient volontairement limiter ce comportement (Jaafari et al. [1] ). Pour contourner cette difficulte, nous avons presente les images simultanement et enregistre les mouvements oculaires. Independamment de leur insight, les patients font plus d’allers-retours oculaires entre les images que des controles. Ce comportement des patients de trouble obsessionnel compulsif (TOC) serait lie a une baisse de la capacite de leur memoire de travail.
Published: 2011
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35. Pertinence clinique du calcul d'un score global à l'échelle de Conscience des Troubles Mentaux (SUMD)

Author: P. Ingrand, C.-M. Paillot, Nemat Jaafari, Université Paris Nanterre (UPN), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, and Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL)
Subjects: Unawareness of mental disorders, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, 030227 psychiatry, Conscience des troubles mentaux, 03 medical and health sciences, Psychiatry and Mental health, 0302 clinical medicine, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Schizophrenia, Schizophrénie, Psychology, Insight, Humanities, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Applied Psychology
Abstract: Resume Introduction Depuis 1990, l’insight clinique est evalue a l’aide d’outils psychometriques standardises ou semi-standardises. L’echelle d’evaluation de la Conscience des Troubles Mentaux (Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder–SUMD), fondee sur un entretien direct d’hetero-evaluation avec le patient, offre une mesure dimensionnelle et quantitative de l’insight clinique. L’insight peut varier au cours des differentes manifestations cliniques de la maladie. Par exemple, un patient peut avoir conscience de son anhedonie sans pour autant etre conscient de son emoussement affectif. A l’heure actuelle, les scores obtenus aux differents items de la SUMD ne permettent pas de comparer le niveau d’Insight des patients entre eux. Objectif Simplifier le traitement statistique de la SUMD en proposant le calcul d’un Score Global (SG) correspondant a la moyenne des items generaux de la SUMD : item G1 « conscience des troubles » ; item G2 « conscience de l’effet therapeutique des medicaments » et, item G3 « conscience des consequences sociales ». Methode Notre etude a porte sur 76 patients hospitalises en service de psychiatrie adulte, presentant un diagnostic de schizophrenie (criteres DSM-IV-TR). Resultats Le calcul du score global aux items generaux de la SUMD (items 1 ; 2 et 3) a permis d’etablir et de comparer le niveau global de l’Insight Clinique des participants. Les fortes correlations obtenues entre le Score Global et les items generaux de la SUMD indiquent une bonne fidelite interne ainsi qu’une bonne validite de convergence avec l’echelle d’Insight de Birchwood. Conclusion Le Score Global est une mesure fidele et valide du niveau d’Insight clinique d’un patient.
Published: 2011
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36. Traduction et validation française de l’échelle d’évaluation de la conscience des troubles mentaux des patients schizophrènes : The Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) [French translation and validation of the Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) in patients with schizophrenics]

Author: Paillot, C, Ingrand, P, Millet, B, Amador, X-F, Senon, J-L, Olié, J-P, Jaafari, N, CIC - Poitiers, Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers (CHU Poitiers)-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier (CHGR), CH Régnier, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Institut de psychiatrie et neurosciences (U894 / UMS 1266), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers ( CHU Poitiers ) -Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier ( CHGR ), Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle en psychiatrie du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences ( CPN - U894 ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Université de Poitiers-CHU de Poitiers-Direction Générale de l'Organisation des Soins (DGOS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM )
Subjects: [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract: International audience; The Scale to assess Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) is a semi-structured interview based on a dimensional and quantitative approach of insight. Different forms of insight are assessed: global insight into mental illness, insight into symptoms and insight into symptom aetiology (i.e. attribution). The SUMD divides the recognition of mental disorders into two concepts: awareness of, and attribution for mental disorders. Awareness relates to the subject's ability to recognize that the phenomenon in question is present, whereas attribution refers to explanations as to cause or source of these signs or symptoms. Thus, the scale distinguishes between the recognition of a symptom and its explanation. For example, the scale allows the investigator to distinguish between a patient's ability to recognize visual hallucinations as such (false perceptions), from his/her ability to explain their cause (e.g. due to mental illness or not). The aim of this study was to translate the SUMD (version 3.1 revised) and test its convergent validity among 43 French adult inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. Awareness of mental disorder was assessed using the SUMD and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) insight item (item 17) respectively, as done in the original English validation study. The SUMD was translated into French then back-translated into English. The back-translation was performed by both English and French native speakers who had no prior knowledge of the scale (the back translation was reviewed by one of the SUMD's authors, Dr Amador, for accuracy). The SUMD manual (v.2/14/99) was also translated into French. Concerning the SUMD directions followed in this study, the first three SUMD items, which are called general items: G1 "Awareness of mental disorder", G2 "Awareness of the achieved effects of medication" and G3 "Awareness of the social consequences of mental disorder" were systematically rated. However, symptom items (four through 20) are not always relevant for every patient. Indeed, for each symptom-item on the scale, it must first be ascertained that the patient has exhibited the particular symptom during the period under investigation. Therefore, for every patient, the symptom checklist was completed prior to filling out the scale, in order to determine which symptom-items were relevant. In addition, symptom attribution items are rated only if the subject received a score between 1 and 3 on the awareness item. Two periods of time of insight were assessed: "current" insight involved rating the highest level of awareness obtained at the time of the interview for the psychopathology present at anytime during the past 7 days. "Past" insight was defined as the present level of awareness during the period of time preceding the current period of investigation. The French translation of the SUMD achieved good convergent validity with the insight item of the Hamilton rating scale for depression. The SUMD has proven to be a reliable and valid instrument to assess insight into schizophrenia. The more psychometrically sound rating tools we have at our disposal, many of which have been published in non French journals, the more we will be able to sharpen our assessment of insight into schizophrenia. We are facing an epistemic paradox in which quantification helps description, i.e. we need to have access to different rating tools to measure insight in order to improve our knowledge of the causes, course and treatment of poor insight into mental disorders.
Published: 2010
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37. Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in a Patient with Twiddler's Syndrome

Author: Wissam El Hage, Issa Wassouf, Marie-Sophie Bachollet, Nicolas Lafay, Solene Quentin, Jean-Louis Senon, Alain Amiel, Nematollah Jaafari, Jean-Yves Rotge, Vincent Camus, Celine Paillot, Unité de recherche clinique intersectorielle du Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit, Centre Hospitalier Henri Laborit (CHL), Imagerie et cerveau (iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours ), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)
Subjects: Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Treatment outcome, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Foreign-Body Migration, Obsessive compulsive, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Humans, Twiddler's Syndrome, Psychiatry, business.industry, Psychiatric assessment, Syndrome, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Defibrillators, Implantable, Electrodes, Implanted, 3. Good health, Compulsive checking, Equipment failure, Treatment Outcome, [SDV.MHEP.PSM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Psychiatrics and mental health, Anxiety, Equipment Failure, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: International audience; Twiddler's or Twist syndrome is the twisting of pulse generators around themselves. It may result from mechanical manipulation that can induce the malfunction of the device. In this case, twiddler's syndrome resulted from compulsive checking of the device. The implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) triggered the development of an obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Two invasive procedures were required to replace the ICD. Psychiatric intervention prevented the recurrence of twiddler's syndrome in this patient for more than two years. We believe that pre-implant psychiatric assessment should be the rule. Twiddler's syndrome, obsessive compulsive disorder, anxiety
Published: 2009
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