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1,294 results on '"Tamm, M"'

1. Quantifying world geography as seen through the lens of Soviet propaganda

Author

Tamm, M. V., Oiva, M., Mukhina, K. D., Mets, M., and Schich, M.

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Economics - Econometrics
Abstract

Cultural data typically contains a variety of biases. In particular, geographical locations are unequally portrayed in media, creating a distorted representation of the world. Identifying and measuring such biases is crucial to understand both the data and the socio-cultural processes that have produced them. Here we suggest to measure geographical biases in a large historical news media corpus by studying the representation of cities. Leveraging ideas of quantitative urban science, we develop a mixed quantitative-qualitative procedure, which allows us to get robust quantitative estimates of the biases. These biases can be further qualitatively interpreted resulting in a hermeneutic feedback loop. We apply this procedure to a corpus of the Soviet newsreel series 'Novosti Dnya' (News of the Day) and show that city representation grows super-linearly with city size, and is further biased by city specialization and geographical location. This allows to systematically identify geographical regions which are explicitly or sneakily emphasized by Soviet propaganda and quantify their importance., Comment: 12 pages with 4 figures and 3 tables, supplementary available at https://github.com/thummm/soviet_newsreels

Published
2024

2. Nearest-neighbour directed random hyperbolic graphs

Author

Kasyanov, I. A., van der Hoorn, P., Krioukov, D., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society, Computer Science - Social and Information Networks, Mathematics - Probability, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability
Abstract

Undirected hyperbolic graph models have been extensively used as models of scale-free small-world networks with high clustering coefficient. Here we presented a simple directed hyperbolic model, where nodes randomly distributed on a hyperbolic disk are connected to a fixed number $m$ of their nearest spatial neighbours. We introduce also a canonical version of this network (which we call ``network with varied connection radius''), where maximal length of outgoing bond is space-dependent and is determined by fixing the average out-degree to $m$. We study local bond length, in-degree and reciprocity in these networks as a function of spatial coordinates of the nodes, and show that the network has a distinct core-periphery structure. We show that for small densities of nodes the overall in-degree has a truncated power law distribution. We demonstrate that reciprocity of the network can be regulated by adjusting an additional temperature-like parameter without changing other global properties of the network., Comment: 26 papers, 12 figures

Published
2023

3. Polygon-based hierarchical planar networks based on generalized Apollonian construction

Author

Tamm, M. V., Koval, D. G., and Stadnichuk, V. I.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

Experimentally observed complex networks are often scale-free, small-world and have unexpectedly large number of small cycles. Apollonian network is one notable example of a model network respecting simultaneously having all three of these properties. This network is constructed by a deterministic procedure of consequentially splitting a triangle into smaller and smaller triangles. Here we present a similar construction based on consequential splitting of tetragons and other polygons with even number of edges. The suggested procedure is stochastic and results in the ensemble of planar scale-free graphs, in the limit of large number of splittings the degree distribution of the graph converges to a true power law with exponent, which is smaller than 3 in the case of tetragons, and larger than 3 for polygons with larger number of edges. We show that it is possible to stochastically mix tetragon-based and hexagon-based constructions to obtain an ensemble of graphs with tunable exponent of degree distribution. Other possible planar generalizations of the Apollonian procedure are also briefly discussed., Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures

Published
2021

4. Growth rate of 3D heaps of pieces

Author

Tamm, M. V., Pospelov, N., and Nechaev, S.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We consider configurational statistics of three-dimensional heaps of $N$ pieces ($N\gg 1$) on a simple cubic lattice in a large 3D bounding box of base $n \times n$, and calculate the growth rate, $\Lambda(n)$, of the corresponding partition function, $Z_N\sim N^{\theta}[\Lambda(n)]^N$, at $n\gg 1$. Our computations rely on a theorem of G.X. Viennot \cite{viennot-rev}, which connects the generating function of a $(D+1)$-dimensional heap of pieces to the generating function of projection of these pieces onto a $D$-dimensional subspace. The growth rate of a heap of cubic blocks, which cannot touch each other by vertical faces, is thus related to the position of zeros of the partition function describing 2D lattice gas of hard squares. We study the corresponding partition function exactly at low densities on finite $n\times n$ lattice of arbitrary $n$, and extrapolate its behavior to the jamming transition density. This allows us to estimate the limiting growth rate, $\Lambda =\lim_{n\to\infty}\Lambda(n)\approx 9.5$. The same method works for any underlying 2D lattice and for various shapes of pieces: flat vertical squares, mapped to an ensemble of repulsive dimers, dominoes mapped to an ensemble of rectangles with hard-core repulsion, etc., Comment: 14 pages, 8 figures, some comments are added, misprints corrected

Published
2020

5. Analysis of English free association network reveals mechanisms of efficient solution of Remote Association Tests

Author

Valba, O. V., Gorsky, A. S., Nechaev, S. K., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Quantitative Biology - Neurons and Cognition
Abstract

We study correlations between the structure and properties of a free association network of the English language, and solutions of psycholinguistic Remote Association Tests (RATs). We show that average hardness of individual RATs is largely determined by relative positions of test words (stimuli and response) on the free association network. We argue that the solution of RATs can be interpreted as a first passage search problem on a network whose vertices are words and links are associations between words. We propose different heuristic search algorithms and demonstrate that in "easily-solving" RATs (those that are solved in 15 seconds by more than 64\% subjects) the solution is governed by "strong" network links (i.e. strong associations) directly connecting stimuli and response, and thus the efficient strategy consist in activating such strong links. In turn, the most efficient mechanism of solving medium and hard RATs consists of preferentially following sequence of "moderately weak" associations., Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables (article is substantially revised)

Published
2020
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6. Geometrical selection in growing needles

Author

Krapivsky, P. L., Nazarov, L. I., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We investigate the growth of needles from a flat substrate. We focus on the situation when needles suddenly begin to grow from the seeds randomly distributed on the line. The width of needles is ignored and we additionally assume that (i) the growth rate is the same for all needles; (ii) the direction of the growth of each needle is randomly chosen from the same distribution; (iii) whenever the tip of a needle hits the body of another needle, the former needle freezes, while the latter continues to grow. We elucidate the large time behavior by employing an exact analysis and the Boltzmann equation approach. We also analyze the evolution when seeds are located on a half-line, on a finite interval. Needles growing from the two-dimensional substrate are also examined., Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures

Published
2019
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7. Many-body contacts in fractal polymer chains and fBm trajectories

Author

Polovnikov, K. E., Nechaev, S., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Physics - Chemical Physics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We calculate the probabilities that a trajectory of a fractional Brownian motion with arbitrary fractal dimension $d_f$ visits the same spot $n \ge 3$ times, at given moments $t_1, ..., t_n$, and obtain a determinant expression for these probabilities in terms of a displacement-displacement covariance matrix. Except for the standard Brownian trajectories with $d_f = 2$, the resulting many-body contact probabilities cannot be factorized into a product of single loop contributions. Within a Gaussian network model of a self-interacting polymer chain, which we suggested recently, the probabilities we calculate here can be interpreted as probabilities of multi-body contacts in a fractal polymer conformation with the same fractal dimension $d_f$. This Gaussian approach, which implies a mapping from fractional Brownian motion trajectories to polymer conformations, can be used as a semiquantitative model of polymer chains in topologically-stabilized conformations, e.g., in melts of unconcatenated rings or in the chromatin fiber, which is the material medium containing genetic information. The model presented here can be used, therefore, as a benchmark for interpretation of the data of many-body contacts in genomes, which we expect to be available soon in, e.g., Hi-C experiments.

Published
2019
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9. Effective Hamiltonian of topologically stabilized polymer states

Author

Polovnikov, K., Nechaev, S., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

Topologically stabilized polymer conformations observed in melts of nonconcatenated polymer rings and crumpled globules, are considered to be a good candidate for the description of the spatial structure of mitotic chromosomes. Despite significant efforts, the microscopic Hamiltonian capable of describing such systems, remains yet inaccessible. In this paper we consider a Gaussian network - a system with a simple Hamiltonian quadratic in all coordinates - and show that by tuning interactions, one can obtain fractal equilibrium conformations with any fractal dimension between 2 (ideal polymer chain) and 3 (crumpled globule). Monomer-to-monomer distances in topologically stabilized states, according to our analysis of available numerical data, fit very well the Gaussian distribution, giving an additional argument in support of the quadratic Hamiltonian model. Mathematically, the resulting polymer conformations can be mapped onto the trajectories of a subdiffusive fractal Brownian particle. As a by-product of our study, two novel continual integral representations of the fractal Brownian motion are proposed.

Published
2017

10. Folding and cytoplasm viscoelasticity contribute jointly to chromosome dynamics

Author

Polovnikov, K. E., Gherardi, M., Cosentino-Lagomarsino, M., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Physics - Biological Physics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Quantitative Biology - Subcellular Processes
Abstract

The chromosome is a key player of cell physiology, and its dynamics provides valuable information about its physical organization. In both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, the short-time motion of chromosomal loci has been described as a Rouse model in a simple or viscoelastic medium. However, little emphasis has been put on the role played by the folded organization of chromosomes on the local dynamics. Clearly, stress-propagation, and thus dynamics, must be affected by such organization, but a theory allowing to extract such information from data, e.g.\ of two-point correlations, is lacking. Here, we describe a theoretical framework able to answer this general polymer dynamics question, and we provide a general scaling analysis of the stress-propagation time between two loci at a given arclength distance along the chromosomal coordinate. The results suggest a precise way to detect folding information from the dynamical coupling of chromosome segments. Additionally, we realize this framework in a specific theoretical model of a polymer with variable-range interactions in a viscoelastic medium characterized by a tunable scaling exponent, where we derive analytical estimates of the correlation functions., Comment: 14 pages including supplementary materials

Published
2017
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12. Paths counting on simple graphs: from escape to localization

Author

Nechaev, S. K., Tamm, M. V., and Valba, O. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We study the asymptotic behavior of the number of paths of length $N$ on several classes of infinite graphs with a single special vertex. This vertex can work as an entropic trap for the path, i.e. under certain conditions the dominant part of long paths become localized in the vicinity of the special point instead of spreading to infinity. We study the conditions for such localization on decorated star graphs, regular trees and regular hyperbolic graphs as a function of the functionality of the special vertex. In all cases the localization occurs for large enough functionality. The particular value of transition point depends on the large-scale topology of the graph. The emergence of localization is supported by the analysis of the spectra of the adjacency matrices of corresponding finite graphs., Comment: 13 pages, 6 figures

Published
2016
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13. Eigenvalue tunnelling and decay of quenched random networks

Author

Avetisov, V., Hovhannisyan, M., Gorsky, A., Nechaev, S., Tamm, M., and Valba, O.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

We consider the canonical ensemble of $N$-vertex Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi (ER) random topological graphs with quenched vertex degree, and with fugacity $\mu$ for each closed triple of bonds. We claim complete defragmentation of large-$N$ graphs into the collection of $[p^{-1}]$ almost full subgraphs (cliques) above critical fugacity, $\mu_c$, where $p$ is the ER bond formation probability. Evolution of the spectral density, $\rho(\lambda)$, of the adjacency matrix with increasing $\mu$ leads to the formation of two-zonal support for $\mu>\mu_c$. Eigenvalue tunneling from one (central) zone to the other means formation of a new clique in the defragmentation process. The adjacency matrix of the ground state of a network has the block-diagonal form where number of vertices in blocks fluctuate around the mean value $Np$. The spectral density of the whole network in this regime has triangular shape. We interpret the phenomena from the viewpoint of the conventional random matrix model and speculate about possible physical applications., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures (text updated, one extra figure added)

Published
2016
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14. Lamplighter model of a random copolymer adsorption on a line

Author

Nazarov, L. I., Nechaev, S. K., and Tamm, M. V.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We present a model of an AB-diblock random copolymer sequential self-packaging with local quenched interactions on a one-dimensional infinite sticky substrate. It is assumed that the A-A and B-B contacts are favorable, while A-B are not. The position of a newly added monomer is selected in view of the local contact energy minimization. The model demonstrates a self-organization behavior with the nontrivial dependence of the total energy, $E$ (the number of unfavorable contacts), on the number of chain monomers, $N$: $E\sim N^{3/4}$ for quenched random equally probable distribution of A- and B-monomers along the chain. The model is treated by mapping it onto the "lamplighter" random walk and the diffusion-controlled chemical reaction of $X+X\to 0$ type with the subdiffusive motion of reagents., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures

Published
2014
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15. Statistical model of intra-chromosome contact maps

Author

Nazarov, L., Tamm, M. V., Nechaev, S. K., and Avetisov, V. A.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Genomics, Quantitative Biology - Biomolecules
Abstract

The statistical properties of intra-chromosome maps obtained by a genome-wide chromosome conformation capture method (Hi-C) are described in the framework of the hierarchical crumpling model of heteropolymer chain with quenched disorder in the primary sequence. We conjecture that the observed Hi-C maps are statistical averages over many different ways of hierarchical genome folding, and show that the existence of quenched primary structure coupled with hierarchical folding can induce the observed fine structure of intra-chromosome contact maps., Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures

Published
2013

16. Islands of stability in motif distributions of random networks

Author

Tamm, M. V., Shkarin, A. B., Avetisov, V. A., Valba, O. V., and Nechaev, S. K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We consider random non-directed networks subject to dynamics conserving vertex degrees and study analytically and numerically equilibrium three-vertex motif distributions in the presence of an external field, $h$, coupled to one of the motifs. For small $h$ the numerics is well described by the "chemical kinetics" for the concentrations of motifs based on the law of mass action. For larger $h$ a transition into some trapped motif state occurs in Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi networks. We explain the existence of the transition by employing the notion of the entropy of the motif distribution and describe it in terms of a phenomenological Landau-type theory with a non-zero cubic term. A localization transition should always occur if the entropy function is non-convex. We conjecture that this phenomenon is the origin of the motifs' pattern formation in real evolutionary networks., Comment: 8 pages, 9 figures, the paper is substantially reworked

Published
2013
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17. New alphabet-dependent morphological transition in a random RNA alignment

Author

Valba, O. V., Tamm, M. V., and Nechaev, S. K.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Genomics, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We study the fraction $f$ of nucleotides involved in the formation of a cactus--like secondary structure of random heteropolymer RNA--like molecules. In the low--temperature limit we study this fraction as a function of the number $c$ of different nucleotide species. We show, that with changing $c$, the secondary structures of random RNAs undergo a morphological transition: $f(c)\to 1$ for $c \le c_{\rm cr}$ as the chain length $n$ goes to infinity, signaling the formation of a virtually "perfect" gapless secondary structure; while $f(c)<1$ for $c>c_{\rm cr}$, what means that a non-perfect structure with gaps is formed. The strict upper and lower bounds $2 \le c_{\rm cr} \le 4$ are proven, and the numerical evidence for $c_{\rm cr}$ is presented. The relevance of the transition from the evolutional point of view is discussed., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures (title is changed, text is essentially reworked), accepted in PRL

Published
2011
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18. Sequence matching algorithms and pairing of noncoding RNAs

Author

Nechaev, S. K., Tamm, M. V., and Valba, O. V.

Subjects
Quantitative Biology - Quantitative Methods, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

A new statistical method of alignment of two heteropolymers which can form hierarchical cloverleaf-like secondary structures is proposed. This offers a new constructive algorithm for quantitative determination of binding free energy of two noncoding RNAs with arbitrary primary sequences. The alignment of ncRNAs differs from the complete alignment of two RNA sequences: in ncRNA case we align only the sequences of nucleotides which constitute pairs between two different RNAs, while the secondary structure of each RNA comes into play only by the combinatorial factors affecting the entropc contribution of each molecule to the total cost function. The proposed algorithm is based on two observations: i) the standard alignment problem is considered as a zero-temperature limit of a more general statistical problem of binding of two associating heteropolymer chains; ii) this last problem is generalized onto the sequences with hierarchical cloverleaf-like structures (i.e. of RNA-type). Taking zero-temperature limit at the very end we arrive at the desired "cost function" of the system with account for entropy of side cactus-like loops. Moreover, we have demonstrated in detail how our algorithm enables to solve the "structure recovery" problem. Namely, we can predict in zero-temperature limit the cloverleaf-like (i.e. secondary) structure of interacting ncRNAs by knowing only their primary sequences., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures

Published
2010

19. Narrow-escape times for diffusion in microdomains with a particle-surface affinity: Mean-field results

Author

Oshanin, G., Tamm, M., and Vasilyev, O.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Physics - Biological Physics, Physics - Chemical Physics
Abstract

We analyze the mean time t_{app} that a randomly moving particle spends in a bounded domain (sphere) before it escapes through a small window in the domain's boundary. A particle is assumed to diffuse freely in the bulk until it approaches the surface of the domain where it becomes weakly adsorbed, and then wanders diffusively along the boundary for a random time until it desorbs back to the bulk, and etc. Using a mean-field approximation, we define t_{app} analytically as a function of the bulk and surface diffusion coefficients, the mean time it spends in the bulk between two consecutive arrivals to the surface and the mean time it wanders on the surface within a single round of the surface diffusion., Comment: 8 pages, 1 figure, submitted to JCP

Published
2010
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22. Management of COPD Exacerbation, a Prediction tool for exacerbation in General Practitioners based Swiss Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) cohort

Author

Abu Hussein, Nebal, primary, Giezendanner, Stephanie, additional, Bridevaux, P. O., additional, Geiser, Th., additional, Von Garnier, Ch., additional, Joos Zellweger, L., additional, Kohler, M., additional, Miedinger, D., additional, Pasha, Z., additional, Thurnheer, R., additional, Tamm, M., additional, and Leuppi, J. D., additional

Published
2023
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23. Improvement In Self-Reported Physical Functioning With Tiotropium/Olodaterol In Central And Eastern European COPD Patients

Author

Valipour A, Tamm M, Kociánová J, Bayer V, Sanzharovskaya M, Medvedchikov A, Haaksma-Herczegh M, Mucsi J, Fridlender Z, Toma C, Belevskiy A, Matula B, and Šorli J

Subjects
Tiotropium, olodaterol, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD, physical functioning, non-interventional study, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Arschang Valipour,1 Michael Tamm,2 Jana Kociánová,3 Valentina Bayer,4 Maria Sanzharovskaya,5 Alexey Medvedchikov,6 Monika Haaksma-Herczegh,6 János Mucsi,7 Zvi Fridlender,8 Claudia Toma,9,10 Andrey Belevskiy,11 Bohumil Matula,12 Jurij Šorli13 1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Karl-Landsteiner-Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Krankenhaus Nord – Klinik Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria; 2Lung Centre/Pneumology Department, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 3Pneumological Outpatient Department, MephaCentrum, a.s., Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic; 4Biostatistics and Data Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Ridgefield, CT, USA; 5Respiratory TA, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria; 6Medical Affairs Regional Center, Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG, Vienna, Austria; 7Elizabeth Nursing Home, Gödöllő, Hungary; 8Department of Internal Medicine, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel; 9Department of Pneumology, Institute of Pneumatology “Marius Nasta”, Bucharest, Romania; 10Department Of Pneumology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; 11Department of Pulmonology, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Pletnev Hospital, Moscow, Russian Federation; 12Department of Functional Diagnostics, Specialized Hospital of Saint Zoerardus, Teaching Facility of the Slovak Medical University, Nitra, Slovakia; 13Topolšica Hospital, Topolšica, SloveniaCorrespondence: Arschang ValipourDepartment of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Karl-Landsteiner-Institute for Lung Research and Pulmonary Oncology, Krankenhaus Nord-Klinik, Floridsdorf Brünnerstrasse 68, Wien, Vienna 1210, AustriaTel +43 1 910 600Email arschang.valipour@wienkav.atBackground: Reduced physical activity is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in patients with COPD. Studies suggest that treatment with the long-acting muscarinic antagonist tiotropium and the long-acting β2-agonist olodaterol increases exercise capacity. This study assessed the effects of a fixed-dose combination (FDC) of tiotropium/olodaterol (delivered via Respimat®) on physical functioning in patients with stable COPD in a “real-world setting”.Methods: An international, open-label, single-arm, non-interventional study conducted in nine countries measuring changes in self-reported physical functioning in COPD patients treated with tiotropium/olodaterol 5/5 μg FDC for approximately 6 weeks. The primary endpoint was therapeutic success, defined as a minimum 10-point increase in the 10-question Physical Functioning Questionnaire (PF-10) score. Secondary endpoints included absolute change in PF-10 from Visit 1 to Visit 2, patient general condition (measured by Physician’s Global Evaluation score) and patient satisfaction with the treatment and device (assessed by Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire at the end of the study period).Results: Therapeutic success was observed in 67.8% of 7218 patients (95% CI 66.7, 68.8) in the final analysis set after approximately 6 weeks of treatment with tiotropium/olodaterol. Mean change in PF-10 score between Visit 1 and Visit 2 was 16.6 points (95% CI 16.2, 17.0). Therapeutic success was 64.3% (95% CI 63.0–65.6%) in patients with infrequent (≤1) and 76.1% (95% CI 74.3–77.9%) in patients with frequent (≥2) exacerbations (p

Published
2019

24. Unzipping of two random heteropolymers: Ground state energy and finite size effects

Author

Tamm, M. V. and Nechaev, S. K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We have analyzed the dependence of average ground state energy per monomer, $e$, of the complex of two random heteropolymers with quenched sequences, on chain length, $n$, in the ensemble of chains with uniform distribution of primary sequences. Every chain monomer is randomly and independently chosen with the uniform probability distribution $p=1/c$ from a set of $c$ different types A, B, C, D, .... Monomers of the first chain could form saturating reversible bonds with monomers of the second chain. The bonds between similar monomer types (like A--A, B--B, C--C, etc.) have the attraction energy $u$, while the bonds between different monomer types (like A--B, A--D, B--D, etc.) have the attraction energy $v$. The main attention is paid to the computation of the normalized free energy $e(n)$ for intermediate chain lengths, $n$, and different ratios $a=\frac{v}{u}$ at sufficiently low temperatures when the entropic contribution of the loop formation is negligible compared to direct energetic interactions between chain monomers and the partition function of the chains is dominated by the ground state. The performed analysis allows one to derive the force, $f$, which is necessary to apply for unzipping of two random heteropolymer chains of equal lengths whose ends are separated by the distance $x$, averaged over all equally distributed primary structures at low temperatures for fixed values $a$ and $c$., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures (some points are clarified)

Published
2007
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25. Necklace-Cloverleaf Transition in Associating RNA-like Diblock Copolymers

Author

Tamm, M. V. and Nechaev, S. K.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter, Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics
Abstract

We consider a ${\rm A}_m{\rm B}_n$ diblock copolymer, whose links are capable of forming local reversible bonds with each other. We assume that the resulting structure of the bonds is RNA--like, i.e. topologically isomorphic to a tree. We show that, depending on the relative strengths of A--A, A--B and B--B contacts, such a polymer can be in one of two different states. Namely, if a self--association is preferable (i.e., A--A and B--B bonds are comparatively stronger than A--B contacts) then the polymer forms a typical randomly branched cloverleaf structure. On the contrary, if alternating association is preferable (i.e. A--B bonds are stronger than A--A and B--B contacts) then the polymer tends to form a generally linear necklace structure (with, probably, some rear side branches and loops, which do not influence the overall characteristics of the chain). The transition between cloverleaf and necklace states is studied in details and it is shown that it is a 2nd order phase transition., Comment: 17 pages, 9 figures

Published
2006
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26. How long does it take to pull an ideal polymer into a small hole?

Author

Grosberg, A. Y., Nechaev, S., Tamm, M., and Vasilyev, O.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We present scaling estimates for characteristic times $\tau_{\rm lin}$ and $\tau_{\rm br}$ of pulling ideal linear and randomly branched polymers of $N$ monomers into a small hole by a force $f$. We show that the absorbtion process develops as sequential straightening of folds of the initial polymer configuration. By estimating the typical size of the fold involved into the motion, we arrive at the following predictions: $\tau_{\rm lin}(N) \sim N^{3/2}/f$ and $\tau_{\rm br}(N) \sim N^{5/4}/f$, and we also confirm them by the molecular dynamics experiment., Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures

Published
2005
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27. Statistics of randomly branched polymers in a semi-space

Author

Tamm, M. V., Nechaev, S. K., and Erukhimovich, I. Ya.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

We investigate the statistical properties of a randomly branched 3--functional $N$--link polymer chain without excluded volume, whose one point is fixed at the distance $d$ from the impenetrable surface in a 3--dimensional space. Exactly solving the Dyson-type equation for the partition function $Z(N,d)=N^{-\theta} e^{\gamma N}$ in 3D, we find the "surface" critical exponent $\theta={5/2}$, as well as the density profiles of 3--functional units and of dead ends. Our approach enables to compute also the pairwise correlation function of a randomly branched polymer in a 3D semi-space., Comment: 15 pages 7 figsures; section VII is slightly reorganized, discussion is revised

Published
2004
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29. Airway reactivity to mannitol is similarly increased in chronic cigarette and water pipe smokers

Author

Scherr A, Schmidlin J, Albisser S, Tamm M, and Stolz D

Subjects
Mannitol challenge, airway reactivity, water pipe smoking, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Andreas Scherr, Jerome Schmidlin, Silvio Albisser, Michael Tamm, Daiana Stolz Clinic for Pneumology and Respiratory Cell Research, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Background: In contrast to cigarette smoking, the association between water pipe smoking and airway hyperresponsiveness remains widely unexplored.Methods: A bronchoprovocation challenge with mannitol was performed in young adults recruited at the University of Basel, Switzerland. Subjects were categorized as acute water pipe smokers (single episode of water pipe smoking, no or

Published
2018

30. Longitudinal change of COPD assessment test (CAT) in a telehealthcare cohort is associated with exacerbation risk

Author

Rassouli F, Baty F, Stolz D, Albrich WC, Tamm M, Widmer S, and Brutsche MH

Subjects
Tele-health care, telemedicine, COPD management, acute exacerbations of COPD, COPD assessment test, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Frank Rassouli,1 Florent Baty,1 Daiana Stolz,2 Werner Christian Albrich,3 Michael Tamm,2 Sandra Widmer,1 Martin Hugo Brutsche1 1Department of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland; 2Department of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland; 3Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland Background: There are only scarce data regarding the evolution of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) assessment test (CAT) over time. Our aim was to investigate the evolution of the CAT in a telehealthcare (THC) cohort and to evaluate its potential to predict exacerbations.Patients and methods: The CAT was measured weekly over up to 1 year in 40 COPD patients undergoing a THC intervention. The evolution of the CAT was analyzed using linear regression. The association between this evolution and the occurrence of exacerbations was evaluated using the Andersen–Gill formulation of the Cox proportional hazards model for the analysis of recurrent time-to-event data with time-varying predictors.Results: The median CAT at inclusion was 17 (interquartile range 13–22) points. During the study, 25% of patients had a significant negative slope (median –7 points per year [ppy]), 38% were stable (median +0 ppy) and 38% had a significant positive slope (median +6 ppy). The median slope of the CAT in the overall cohort was +1 (interquartile range –3 to +6) ppy. A significant positive association was found between the change in CAT scores and the risk of exacerbations (hazard ratio =1.08, 95% CI: 1.03–1.13; p

Published
2017

31. Flexible bronchoscopy with moderate sedation in COPD: a case–control study

Author

Grendelmeier P, Tamm M, Jahn K, Pflimlin E, and Stolz D

Subjects
bronchoalveolar lavage, propofol, complication, risk, respiratory insufficiency, Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Peter Grendelmeier, Michael Tamm, Kathleen Jahn, Eric Pflimlin, Daiana Stolz Clinic of Pulmonary Medicine and Respiratory Cell Research, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben, Basel, Switzerland Background: Flexible bronchoscopy is increasingly used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. We aimed to examine the safety of flexible bronchoscopy with moderate sedation in patients with COPD. Methods: This study is a prospective, longitudinal, case–control, single-center study including 1,400 consecutive patients. After clinical and lung function assessments, patients were dichotomized in COPD or non-COPD groups. The primary end point was the combined incidence of complications. Results: The incidence of complications was similar in patients with and without COPD and independent of forced expiratory volume in the first second % predicted. Patients with COPD more frequently required insertion of a naso- or oropharyngeal airway; however, this difference was no longer significant after adjustment for age, gender, and duration of the procedure. Hypotension was significantly more common among patients with COPD. The number of episodes of hypoxemia ≤90% did not differ between the groups. However, patients with COPD had a lower mean and nadir transcutaneous oxygen saturation. Transcutaneous carbon dioxide tension (PtcCO2) change over the time course was similar in both groups, but both peak PtcCO2 and time on PtcCO2 >45 mmHg were higher in the COPD group. There were no differences in patient-reported outcomes. Conclusion: The safety of flexible bronchoscopy is similar in patients with and without COPD. This finding confirms the suitability of the procedure for both clinical and research indications. Keywords: bronchoalveolar lavage, propofol, complication, risk, respiratory insufficiency

Published
2017

34. The Psychological Science Accelerator’s COVID-19 rapid-response dataset

Author

Buchanan, EM, Lewis, SC, Paris, B, Forscher, PS, Pavlacic, JM, Beshears, JE, Drexler, SM, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Mallik, PR, Silan, MAA, Miller, JK, IJzerman, H, Moshontz, H, Beaudry, JL, Suchow, JW, Chartier, CR, Coles, NA, Sharifian, MH, Todsen, AL, Levitan, CA, Azevedo, F, Legate, N, Heller, B, Rothman, AJ, Dorison, CA, Gill, BP, Wang, K, Rees, VW, Gibbs, N, Goldenberg, A, Thi Nguyen, TV, Gross, JJ, Kaminski, G, von Bastian, CC, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Mosannenzadeh, F, Azouaghe, S, Bran, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Santos, AC, Reggev, N, Zickfeld, JH, Akkas, H, Pantazi, M, Ropovik, I, Korbmacher, M, Arriaga, P, Gjoneska, B, Warmelink, L, Alves, SG, de Holanda Coelho, GL, Stieger, S, Schei, V, Hanel, PHP, Szaszi, B, Fedotov, M, Antfolk, J, Marcu, GM, Schrötter, J, Kunst, JR, Geiger, SJ, Adetula, A, Kocalar, HE, Kielińska, J, Kačmár, P, Bokkour, A, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Djamai, I, Pöntinen, SJ, Agesin, BE, Jernsäther, T, Urooj, A, Rachev, NR, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Kurfalı, M, Pit, IL, Li, R, Çoksan, S, Dubrov, D, Paltrow, TE, Baník, G, Korobova, T, Studzinska, A, Jiang, X, Aruta, JJBR, Vintr, J, Chiu, F, Kaliska, L, Berkessel, JB, Tümer, M, Morales-Izquierdo, S, Chuan-Peng, H, Vezirian, K, Rosa, AD, Bialobrzeska, O, Vasilev, MR, Beitner, J, Kácha, O, Žuro, B, Westerlund, M, Hostler, TJ, Buchanan, EM, Lewis, SC, Paris, B, Forscher, PS, Pavlacic, JM, Beshears, JE, Drexler, SM, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Mallik, PR, Silan, MAA, Miller, JK, IJzerman, H, Moshontz, H, Beaudry, JL, Suchow, JW, Chartier, CR, Coles, NA, Sharifian, MH, Todsen, AL, Levitan, CA, Azevedo, F, Legate, N, Heller, B, Rothman, AJ, Dorison, CA, Gill, BP, Wang, K, Rees, VW, Gibbs, N, Goldenberg, A, Thi Nguyen, TV, Gross, JJ, Kaminski, G, von Bastian, CC, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Mosannenzadeh, F, Azouaghe, S, Bran, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Santos, AC, Reggev, N, Zickfeld, JH, Akkas, H, Pantazi, M, Ropovik, I, Korbmacher, M, Arriaga, P, Gjoneska, B, Warmelink, L, Alves, SG, de Holanda Coelho, GL, Stieger, S, Schei, V, Hanel, PHP, Szaszi, B, Fedotov, M, Antfolk, J, Marcu, GM, Schrötter, J, Kunst, JR, Geiger, SJ, Adetula, A, Kocalar, HE, Kielińska, J, Kačmár, P, Bokkour, A, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Djamai, I, Pöntinen, SJ, Agesin, BE, Jernsäther, T, Urooj, A, Rachev, NR, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Kurfalı, M, Pit, IL, Li, R, Çoksan, S, Dubrov, D, Paltrow, TE, Baník, G, Korobova, T, Studzinska, A, Jiang, X, Aruta, JJBR, Vintr, J, Chiu, F, Kaliska, L, Berkessel, JB, Tümer, M, Morales-Izquierdo, S, Chuan-Peng, H, Vezirian, K, Rosa, AD, Bialobrzeska, O, Vasilev, MR, Beitner, J, Kácha, O, Žuro, B, Westerlund, M, and Hostler, TJ

Abstract

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data.

Published
2023

35. A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author

Legate, N, Ngyuen, T-V, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, AN, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, CD, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, WS, Wilson, JP, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, WM, Richard, KL, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, DePaola, C, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Križanić, V, Kadreva, VH, Adoric, VC, Tran, US, Yeung, SK, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, MA, Lima, TJS, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, TE, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsäther, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, TJ, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, SM, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, SMJ, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, SE, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbée, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, SM, Daches, S, Levine, SL, Geniole, SN, Akter, S, Vračar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, SM, Tshonda, SS, Alves, SG, Pöntinen, S, Solas, SÁ, Ordoñez-Riaño, S, Očovaj, SB, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Çoksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernández, S, Geiger, SJ, FatahModares, S, Walczak, RB, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Cárcamo, RA, Ross, RM, McCarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, EC, Ryan, RM, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, RP, Reips, U-D, Reggev, N, Calin-Jageman, RJ, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R-M, Ribeiro, RR, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S-C, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, PLG, Perillo, JT, Isager, PM, Kačmár, P, Macapagal, PM, Maniaci, MR, Szwed, P, Hanel, PHP, Forbes, PAG, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, PS, Kácha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, ON, Galindo-Caballero, OJ, Ogbonnaya, CE, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, NL, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntoumani, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, AB, Martin, NI, Levy, N, Torunsky, N, Antwerpen, NV, Doren, NV, Sunami, N, Rachev, NR, Majeed, NM, Schmidt, N-D, Nadif, K, Corral-Frías, NS, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, MY, Vasilev, MR, Victoria Ortiz, M, Butt, MM, Kurfalı, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, MDCMCT, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, MA, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, MA, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, MJ, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, MA, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, MC, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Espinoza Barría, MF, Kurfali, MA, Mensink, MC, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, MR, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovič, M, Ribeiro, MFF, Terskova, M, Hruška, M, Martončik, M, Jansen, M, Voracek, M, Čadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlová, MB, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, ML, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, ME, Jones, MV, Li, M, Ortiz, MS, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, MLM, Varella, MAC, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, MF, Bradford, M, Vaughn, LA, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, JG, Pineda, LMS, Matos, L, Pérez, LC, Lazarevic, LB, Jaremka, LM, Smit, ES, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, LJ, Anton-Boicuk, L, Lins de Holanda Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, CA, Micheli, L, Gunton, L-A, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, LGJ, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, LM, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Emmanuel Agesin, BB, Koehn, MA, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanović, K, Thommesen, KK, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjić, K, Suchow, JW, Kielińska, J, Cruz Vásquez, JE, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, JC, Roxas, JCT, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, JM, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, JA, Olofsson, JK, Vilsmeier, JK, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, JD, Boudesseul, J, Lee, JM, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, JA, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, JF, Verharen, JPH, Hristova, E, Beshears, JE, Djordjevic, JM, Bosch, J, Valentova, JV, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, JB, Schrötter, J, Urban, J, Röer, JP, Norton, JO, Silva, JR, Pickering, JS, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, JR, Ndukaihe, ILG, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, AI, Almeida, IAT, Pit, IL, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, AI, Ihaya, K, Stephen, ID, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, HE, Hedgebeth, MV, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, GA, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, GM, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, GA, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, FYH, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Štrukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, EL, Baskin, E, Garcia, EOL, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, IMM, Ahn, ER, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, EA, Manunta, E, Agadullina, E, Šakan, D, Dursun, P, Dujols, O, Dubrov, D, Willis, M, Tümer, M, Beaudry, JL, Popović, D, Dunleavy, D, Djamai, I, Krupić, D, Herrera, D, Vega, D, Du, H, Mola, D, Chakarova, D, Davis, WE, Holford, DL, Lewis, DMG, Vaidis, DC, Ozery, DH, Ricaurte, DZ, Storage, D, Sousa, D, Alvarez, DS, Boller, D, Rosa, AD, Dimova, D, Marko, D, Moreau, D, Reeck, C, Correia, RC, Whitt, CM, Lamm, C, Solorzano, CS, von Bastian, CC, Sutherland, CAM, Overkott, C, Aberson, CL, Wang, C, Niemiec, CP, Karashiali, C, Noone, C, Chiu, F, Picciocchi, C, Brownlow, C, Karaarslan, C, Cellini, N, Esteban-Serna, C, Reyna, C, Ferreyra, C, Batres, C, Li, R, Grano, C, Carpentier, J, Tamnes, CK, Fu, CHY, Ishkhanyan, B, Bylinina, L, Jaeger, B, Bundt, C, Allred, TB, Vermote, BJ, Bokkour, A, Bogatyreva, N, Shi, J, Chopik, WJ, Antazo, B, Behzadnia, B, Becker, M, Bayyat, MM, Cocco, B, Chou, W-L, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Žuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, BB, Babinčák, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, BJW, Mokady, A, Kappes, HB, Atari, M, Szala, A, Szabelska, A, Aruta, JJB, Domurat, A, Arinze, NC, Modena, A, Adiguzel, A, Monajem, A, ARABI, KAITEL, Özdoğru, AA, Rothbaum, AO, Torres, AO, Theodoropoulou, A, Skowronek, A, Jurković, AP, Singh, A, Kassianos, AP, Findor, A, Hartanto, A, Landry, AT, Ferreira, A, Santos, AC, De la Rosa-Gomez, A, Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A, Luxon, AM, Todsen, AL, Karababa, A, Janak, A, Pilato, A, Bran, A, Tullett, AM, Kuzminska, AO, Krafnick, AJ, Urooj, A, Khaoudi, A, Ahmed, A, Groyecka-Bernard, A, Askelund, AD, Adetula, A, Belaus, A, Charyate, AC, Wichman, AL, Stoyanova, A, Greenburgh, A, Thomas, AG, Arvanitis, A, Forscher, PS, Mallik, PR, Coles, NA, Miller, JK, Moshontz, H, Urry, HL, IJzerman, H, Basnight-Brown, DM, Ebersole, CR, Chartier, CR, Buchanan, EM, Primbs, MA, Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Clinical Psychology, Legate, N, Nguyen, T, Weinstein, N, Moller, A, Legault, L, Vally, Z, Tajchman, Z, Zsido, A, Zrimsek, M, Chen, Z, Ziano, I, Gialitaki, Z, Ceary, C, Jang, Y, Lin, Y, Kunisato, Y, Yamada, Y, Xiao, Q, Jiang, X, Du, X, Yao, E, Ryan, W, Wilson, J, Cyrus-Lai, W, Jimenez-Leal, W, Law, W, Unanue, W, Collins, W, Richard, K, Vranka, M, Ankushev, V, Schei, V, Lerche, V, Kovic, V, Krizanic, V, Kadreva, V, Adoric, V, Tran, U, Yeung, S, Hassan, W, Houston, R, Machin, M, Lima, T, Ostermann, T, Frizzo, T, Sverdrup, T, House, T, Gill, T, Fedotov, M, Paltrow, T, Jernsather, T, Rahman, T, Machin, T, Koptjevskaja-Tamm, M, Hostler, T, Ishii, T, Szaszi, B, Adamus, S, Suter, L, von Bormann, S, Habib, S, Studzinska, A, Stojanovska, D, Janssen, S, Stieger, S, Schulenberg, S, Tatachari, S, Azouaghe, S, Sorokowski, P, Sorokowska, A, Song, X, Morbee, S, Lewis, S, Sinkolova, S, Grigoryev, D, Drexler, S, Daches, S, Levine, S, Geniole, S, Akter, S, Vracar, S, Massoni, S, Costa, S, Zorjan, S, Sarioguz, E, Izquierdo, S, Tshonda, S, Alves, S, Pontinen, S, Solas, S, Ordonez-Riano, S, Ocovaj, S, Onie, S, Lins, S, Biberauer, T, Coksan, S, Khumkom, S, Sacakli, A, Ruiz-Fernandez, S, Geiger, S, Modares, S, Walczak, R, Betlehem, R, Vilar, R, Carcamo, R, Ross, R, Mccarthy, R, Ballantyne, T, Westgate, E, Ryan, R, Gargurevich, R, Afhami, R, Ren, D, Monteiro, R, Reips, U, Reggev, N, Calin-Jagema, R, Pourafshari, R, Oliveira, R, Nedelcheva-Datsova, M, Rahal, R, Ribeiro, R, Radtke, T, Searston, R, Jai-ai, R, Habte, R, Zdybek, P, Chen, S, Wajanatinapart, P, Maturan, P, Perillo, J, Isager, P, Kacmar, P, Macapagal, P, Maniaci, M, Szwed, P, Hanel, P, Forbes, P, Arriaga, P, Paris, B, Parashar, N, Papachristopoulos, K, Correa, P, Kacha, O, Bernardo, M, Campos, O, Bravo, O, Galindo-Caballero, O, Ogbonnaya, C, Bialobrzeska, O, Kiselnikova, N, Simonovic, N, Cohen, N, Nock, N, Hernandez, A, Thogersen-Ntouma, C, Ntoumanis, N, Johannes, N, Albayrak-Aydemir, N, Say, N, Neubauer, A, Martin, N, Torunsky, N, van Antwerpen, N, Van Doren, N, Sunami, N, Rachev, N, Majeed, N, Schmidt, N, Nadif, K, Corral-Frias, N, Ouherrou, N, Abbas, N, Pantazi, M, Lucas, M, Vasilev, M, Ortiz, M, Butt, M, Kurfali, M, Kabir, M, Muda, R, Rivera, M, Sirota, M, Seehuus, M, Parzuchowski, M, Toro, M, Hricova, M, Maldonado, M, Rentzelas, P, Vansteenkiste, M, Metz, M, Marszalek, M, Karekla, M, Mioni, G, Bosma, M, Westerlund, M, Vdovic, M, Bialek, M, Silan, M, Anne, M, Misiak, M, Gugliandolo, M, Grinberg, M, Capizzi, M, Barria, M, Mensink, M, Harutyunyan, M, Khosla, M, Dunn, M, Korbmacher, M, Adamkovic, M, Ribeiro, M, Terskova, M, Hruska, M, Martoncik, M, Voracek, M, Cadek, M, Frias-Armenta, M, Kowal, M, Topor, M, Roczniewska, M, Oosterlinck, M, Kohlova, M, Paruzel-Czachura, M, Sabristov, M, Romanova, M, Papadatou-Pastou, M, Lund, M, Antoniadi, M, Magrin, M, Jones, M, Li, M, Manavalan, M, Muminov, A, Kossowska, M, Friedemann, M, Wielgus, M, van Hooff, M, Varella, M, Standage, M, Nicolotti, M, Colloff, M, Bradford, M, Vaughn, L, Eudave, L, Vieira, L, Lu, J, Pineda, L, Matos, L, Perez, L, Lazarevic, L, Jaremka, L, Smit, E, Kushnir, E, Ferguson, L, Anton-Boicuk, L, Coelho, G, Ahlgren, L, Liga, F, Levitan, C, Micheli, L, Gunton, L, Volz, L, Stojanovska, M, Boucher, L, Samojlenko, L, Delgado, L, Kaliska, L, Beatrix, L, Warmelink, L, Rojas-Berscia, L, Yu, K, Wylie, K, Wachowicz, J, Desai, K, Barzykowski, K, Kozma, L, Evans, K, Kirgizova, K, Agesin, B, Koehn, M, Wolfe, K, Korobova, T, Morris, K, Klevjer, K, van Schie, K, Vezirian, K, Damnjanovic, K, Thommesen, K, Schmidt, K, Filip, K, Staniaszek, K, Grzech, K, Hoyer, K, Moon, K, Khaobunmasiri, S, Rana, K, Janjic, K, Suchow, J, Kielinska, J, Vasquez, J, Chanal, J, Beitner, J, Vargas-Nieto, J, Roxas, J, Taber, J, Urriago-Rayo, J, Pavlacic, J, Benka, J, Bavolar, J, Soto, J, Olofsson, J, Vilsmeier, J, Messerschmidt, J, Czamanski-Cohen, J, Waterschoot, J, Moss, J, Boudesseul, J, Lee, J, Kamburidis, J, Joy-Gaba, J, Zickfeld, J, Miranda, J, Verharen, J, Hristova, E, Beshears, J, Djordjevic, J, Bosch, J, Valentova, J, Antfolk, J, Berkessel, J, Schrotter, J, Urban, J, Roer, J, Norton, J, Silva, J, Pickering, J, Vintr, J, Uttley, J, Kunst, J, Ndukaihe, I, Iyer, A, Vilares, I, Ivanov, A, Ropovik, I, Sula, I, Sarieva, I, Metin-Orta, I, Prusova, I, Pinto, I, Bozdoc, A, Almeida, I, Pit, I, Dalgar, I, Zakharov, I, Arinze, A, Ihaya, K, Stephen, I, Gjoneska, B, Brohmer, H, Flowe, H, Godbersen, H, Kocalar, H, Hedgebeth, M, Chuan-Peng, H, Sharifian, M, Manley, H, Akkas, H, Hajdu, N, Azab, H, Kaminski, G, Nilsonne, G, Anjum, G, Travaglino, G, Feldman, G, Pfuhl, G, Czarnek, G, Marcu, G, Hofer, G, Banik, G, Adetula, G, Bijlstra, G, Verbruggen, F, Kung, F, Martela, F, Foroni, F, Forest, J, Singer, G, Muchembled, F, Azevedo, F, Mosannenzadeh, F, Marinova, E, Strukelj, E, Etebari, Z, Bradshaw, E, Baskin, E, Garcia, E, Musser, E, van Steenkiste, I, Ahn, E, Quested, E, Pronizius, E, Jackson, E, Manunta, E, Agadullina, E, Sakan, D, Dursun, P, Dujols, O, Dubrov, D, Willis, M, Tumer, M, Beaudry, J, Popovic, D, Dunleavy, D, Djamai, I, Krupic, D, Herrera, D, Vega, D, Du, H, Mola, D, Chakarova, D, Davis, W, Holford, D, Lewis, D, Vaidis, D, Ozery, D, Ricaurte, D, Storage, D, Sousa, D, Alvarez, D, Boller, D, Dalla Rosa, A, Dimova, D, Marko, D, Moreau, D, Reeck, C, Correia, R, Whitt, C, Lamm, C, Solorzano, C, von Bastian, C, Sutherland, C, Overkott, C, Aberson, C, Wang, C, Niemiec, C, Karashiali, C, Noone, C, Chiu, F, Picciocchi, C, Brownlow, C, Karaarslan, C, Cellini, N, Esteban-Serna, C, Reyna, C, Ferreyra, C, Batres, C, Li, R, Grano, C, Carpentier, J, Tamnes, C, Fu, C, Ishkhanyan, B, Bylinina, L, Jaeger, B, Bundt, C, Allred, T, Vermote, B, Bokkour, A, Bogatyreva, N, Shi, J, Chopik, W, Antazo, B, Behzadnia, B, Becker, M, Bayyat, M, Cocco, B, Chou, W, Barkoukis, V, Hubena, B, Zuro, B, Aczel, B, Baklanova, E, Bai, H, Balci, B, Babincak, P, Soenens, B, Dixson, B, Mokady, A, Kappes, H, Atari, M, 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K., Messerschmidt, J., Czamanski-Cohen, J., Waterschoot, J., Moss, J. D., Boudesseul, J., Lee, J. M., Kamburidis, J., Joy-Gaba, J. A., Zickfeld, J., Miranda, J. F., Verharen, J. P. H., Hristova, E., Beshears, J. E., Djordjevic, J. M., Bosch, J., Valentova, J. V., Antfolk, J., Berkessel, J. B., Schrotter, J., Urban, J., Roer, J. P., Norton, J. O., Silva, J. R., Pickering, J. S., Vintr, J., Uttley, J., Kunst, J. R., Ndukaihe, I. L. G., Iyer, A., Vilares, I., Ivanov, A., Ropovik, I., Sula, I., Groyecka-Bernard, A., Sarieva, I., Metin-Orta, I., Prusova, I., Pinto, I., Bozdoc, A. I., Almeida, I. A. T., Pit, I. L., Dalgar, I., Zakharov, I., Arinze, A. I., Ihaya, K., Stephen, I. D., Gjoneska, B., Brohmer, H., Flowe, H., Godbersen, H., Kocalar, H. E., Hedgebeth, M. V., Chuan-Peng, H., Sharifian, M., Manley, H., Akkas, H., Hajdu, N., Azab, H., Kaminski, G., Nilsonne, G., Anjum, G., Travaglino, G. A., Feldman, G., Pfuhl, G., Czarnek, G., Marcu, G. M., Hofer, G., Banik, G., Adetula, G. A., Bijlstra, G., Verbruggen, F., Kung, F. Y. H., Martela, F., Foroni, F., Forest, J., Singer, G., Muchembled, F., Azevedo, F., Mosannenzadeh, F., Marinova, E., Strukelj, E., Etebari, Z., Bradshaw, E. L., Baskin, E., Garcia, E. O. L., Musser, E., Van Steenkiste, I. M. M., Ahn, E. R., Quested, E., Pronizius, E., Jackson, E. A., Manunta, E., Agadullina, E., Sakan, D., Dursun, P., Dujols, O., Dubrov, D., Willis, M., Tumer, M., Beaudry, J. L., Popovic, D., Dunleavy, D., Djamai, I., Krupic, D., Herrera, D., Vega, D., Du, H., Mola, D., Chakarova, D., Davis, W. E., Holford, D. L., Lewis, D. M. G., Vaidis, D. C., Ozery, D. H., Ricaurte, D. Z., Storage, D., Sousa, D., Alvarez, D. S., Boller, D., Rosa, A. D., Dimova, D., Marko, D., Moreau, D., Reeck, C., Correia, R. C., Whitt, C. M., Lamm, C., Solorzano, C. S., Von Bastian, C. C., Sutherland, C. A. M., Ebersole, C. R., Overkott, C., Aberson, C. L., Wang, C., Niemiec, C. P., Karashiali, C., Noone, C., Chiu, F., Picciocchi, C., Brownlow, C., Karaarslan, C., Cellini, N., Esteban-Serna, C., Reyna, C., Ferreyra, C., Batres, C., Li, R., Grano, C., Carpentier, J., Tamnes, C. K., Fu, C. H. Y., Ishkhanyan, B., Bylinina, L., Jaeger, B., Bundt, C., Allred, T. B., Vermote, B. J., Bokkour, A., Bogatyreva, N., Shi, J., Chopik, W. J., Antazo, B., Behzadnia, B., Becker, M., Bayyat, M. M., Cocco, B., Ahmed, A., Chou, W. -L., Barkoukis, V., Hubena, B., Khaoudi, A., Zuro, B., Aczel, B., Baklanova, E., Bai, H., Balci, B. B., Babincak, P., Soenens, B., Dixson, B. J. W., Mokady, A., Kappes, H. B., Atari, M., Szala, A., Szabelska, A., Aruta, J. J. B., Domurat, A., Arinze, N. C., Modena, A., Adiguzel, A., Monajem, A., Ait El Arabi, K., Ozdogru, A. A., Rothbaum, A. O., Torres, A. O., Theodoropoulou, A., Skowronek, A., Urooj, A., Jurkovic, A. P., Singh, A., Kassianos, A. P., Findor, A., Hartanto, A., Landry, A. T., Ferreira, A., Santos, A. C., De La Rosa-Gomez, A., Gourdon-Kanhukamwe, A., Luxon, A. M., Todsen, A. L., Karababa, A., Janak, A., Pilato, A., Bran, A., Tullett, A. M., Kuzminska, A. O., Krafnick, A. J., Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, Aalto-yliopisto, Aalto University, Massey, D., Kurfali, Merve A., Collaboration, Psychological Science Accelerator Self-Determination Theory, FdR overig onderzoek, Persuasive Communication (ASCoR, FMG), and Organizational Psychology

Subjects
behavior change, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 230 Affective Neuroscience, INTENTIONS, L400, self-determination theory, Physical Distancing, Social Sciences, Intention, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], FATIGUE, motivation, PARENTAL PROHIBITION, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Pandemic, Humans, health communication, MESSAGES, Sociology, Pandemics, METAANALYSIS, COVID-19, Behaviour Change and Well-being, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, Social distance, Public relations, Motivation, INTERNALIZATION, business, BEHAVIOR
Abstract

Significance\ud \ud Communicating in ways that motivate engagement in social distancing remains a critical global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study tested motivational qualities of messages about social distancing (those that promoted choice and agency vs. those that were forceful and shaming) in 25,718 people in 89 countries. The autonomy-supportive message decreased feelings of defying social distancing recommendations relative to the controlling message, and the controlling message increased controlled motivation, a less effective form of motivation, relative to no message. Message type did not impact intentions to socially distance, but people’s existing motivations were related to intentions. Findings were generalizable across a geographically diverse sample and may inform public health communication strategies in this and future global health emergencies.\ud \ud \ud \ud Abstract\ud \ud Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges.

Published
2022

49. Anticoagulant treatment for venous thromboembolism: A pooled analysis and additional results of the XALIA and XALIA-LEA noninterventional studies

Author

Haas, S, Mantovani, L, Kreutz, R, Monje, D, Schneider, J, Zell, E, Tamm, M, Gebel, M, Bugge, J, Ageno, W, Turpie, A, Haas S., Mantovani L. G., Kreutz R., Monje D., Schneider J., Zell E. R., Tamm M., Gebel M., Bugge J. -P., Ageno W., Turpie A. G. G., Haas, S, Mantovani, L, Kreutz, R, Monje, D, Schneider, J, Zell, E, Tamm, M, Gebel, M, Bugge, J, Ageno, W, Turpie, A, Haas S., Mantovani L. G., Kreutz R., Monje D., Schneider J., Zell E. R., Tamm M., Gebel M., Bugge J. -P., Ageno W., and Turpie A. G. G.

Abstract

Background: The XALIA and XALIA-LEA prospective, noninterventional studies investigated the safety and effectiveness of rivaroxaban versus standard anticoagulation for venous thromboembolism (VTE) treatment in routine clinical practice across global regions. Objectives: This pooled analysis combined their data to determine the incidence of thromboembolic and bleeding events in both treatment groups and addressed specific bleeding patterns in a broad range of patients. Methods: Patients with objectively confirmed VTE and an indication for ≥3 months’ anticoagulation treatment received rivaroxaban or standard anticoagulation (eg, initial treatment with heparin/fondaparinux, followed by a vitamin K antagonist [VKA]). Treatment choice, dose, management, and duration were at the physician’s discretion. Primary outcomes (major bleeding, recurrent VTE, and all-cause mortality) were compared between the two treatment groups. Propensity score stratification, and matching were used to reduce bias due to confounding variables. Results: Overall, 7129 patients were enrolled from 36 countries; 6445 and 2714 patients were included in the propensity score–stratified and –matched analyses, respectively. Major bleeding and incidences of recurrent VTE were similar between treatment groups; all-cause mortality was lower with rivaroxaban than with standard anticoagulation. The incidences of genitourinary bleeding were higher with rivaroxaban than with standard anticoagulation therapy (46 and 23 events in the matched analysis, respectively). VKA management in real-world practice was suboptimal. Conclusion: XALIA and XALIA-LEA show similar safety and effectiveness profiles of rivaroxaban and standard anticoagulation for VTE treatment in routine practice in many parts of the world. The observations are consistent with results from the phase III EINSTEIN randomized controlled trials.

Published
2021

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