93 results on '"Soon Ja Kim"'
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2. Development of Art Therapy Program to Improve the Ego Strength of Emotional Workers and Verification of Their Effectiveness
- Author
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Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Ego strength ,Art therapy ,Applied psychology ,Psychology - Published
- 2021
3. Framework for Collaborative Knowledge Sharing and Recommendation Based on Taxonomic Partial Reputations.
- Author
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Dong-Hwee Kim and Soon-Ja Kim
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Secure Password Authentication for Keystroke Dynamics.
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YeongGeun Choe and Soon-Ja Kim
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Phosphorylated p70S6K in noninvasive low-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: correlation with tumor recurrence
- Author
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Soon-Ja Kim, Jung Hoon Kim, Hui Seok Jung, Tae-Jin Lee, Kyung Mee Lee, and In Ho Chang
- Subjects
bladder ,cancer ,p70S6K ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
We investigated whether inhibiting phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K) suppresses the proliferation and growth of noninvasive low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LG-URCa) in vitroand whether p-p70S6K can serve as a predictive biomarker for the recurrence of noninvasive LG-URCa of the bladder in patients. We constructed a tissue microarray (TMA) for 95 LG-URCa and 35 benign urothelium samples and performed immunohistochemical staining for p-p70S6K and p-4E-BP1. A Cox regression model was used to investigate the predictive factors for recurrence of LG-URCa. We investigated the dose-dependent antiproliferative effect of rapamycin, its antiproliferative effect and the growth-inhibition effect of p70S6K siRNA transfection in RT4 and 253J cell lines. The pT1 staged group (P < 0.05; hazard ratio (HR), 2.415) and the high p-p70S6K staining group (P < 0.05; HR, 2.249) were independent factors for predicting recurrence. Rapamycin inhibited RT4 and 253J cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (r = −0.850, P< 0.001 in RT4 cells; r = −0.835, P< 0.001 in 253J cells). RT4 and 253J cell proliferation and growth were inhibited by the transfection of p70S6K siRNA and rapamycin, respectively (P < 0.05). Transfection of p70S6K siRNA resulted in inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and growth that were similar to those of rapamycin. Our results suggest that inhibiting p70S6K phosphorylation is important to prevent recurrence and that p70S6K phosphorylation can be used as a molecular biomarker to predict recurrence of certain LG-URCa of the bladder.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. An Improvement on Privacy and Authentication in GSM.
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Young Jae Choi and Soon-Ja Kim
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Framework for Personalized e-Mediator.
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Dong-Hwee Kim and Soon-Ja Kim
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- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Construction of Sequences for Multi-group FH-FDMA in DRT System.
- Author
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Seong-Bok Park, Kwang-Eog Lee, Young-Kyun Choi, and Soon-Ja Kim
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A Study on Changes in Attitude to Jeju Dialect
- Author
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Soon-ja Kim
- Subjects
Government ,Feeling ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Social environment ,Social convention ,Positive attitude ,Psychology ,Affect (psychology) ,Social psychology ,media_common ,Standard language - Abstract
The aim of this paper is to study changes in attitude to Jeju dialect. 3 different research papers written by Jeong Min, Lee in 1981, Yeong bong, Kang in 2013 and this writer in 2017 were compared. As a result, respondents show positive attitudes to Jeju dialect. Women tend to have more positive attitudes than men, whereas men have more positive attitude to Korean standard language. This results break down social conventions that women prefer standard language. This change is also related to the changes of society. Status of Women have been raised in social activities and education, so social environment could affect the changes in attitudes to language. According to Lee’s research, people showed negative feelings to dialect. This is the result of policy that the government preferred Korean standard language. However, attitudes to dialect changed and people showed significantly positive feelings to dialect in 2017. This change is because of social factors like maintenance policies of Jeju dialect and education.
- Published
- 2019
10. Study on Vocabulary Relating to the Housing Cultures in Jeju Dialect : Around Seongeup folk village, Seogwipo-si
- Author
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Soon-ja Kim
- Subjects
Vocabulary ,Geography ,Anthropology ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ethnography ,media_common - Published
- 2018
11. A Study on the Formless Body Image in Fashion Illustrations based Gilles Deleuze’s ‘Logic of Sensation’
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Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Aesthetics ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Sensation ,Sensationalism ,Art ,Image (mathematics) ,Fashion illustration ,media_common - Published
- 2018
12. The Analysis of Economic Effects of the Kimchi Industry
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Soon-Ja Kim, Jin-Hee Park, and Ki-Hyung Bae
- Published
- 2016
13. Secure Certificateless Authenticated Key Agreement Protocol Against MITM Attack
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Soon-Ja Kim and Jin-Hyun Park
- Subjects
Computer science ,Man-in-the-middle attack ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Authenticated key agreement protocol ,computer - Published
- 2018
14. Clinical and Laboratory Findings of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection
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Yoomi Jung, Young-Suk Park, Shin-Ae Park, Haesook Seo, Gang-Young Lee, Baeg-Ju Na, Youngsoo Cho, Sung-Ryul Kim, Ji-Yeon Seo, Eun-Hyang Song, Se-Min Hwang, Soon-Ja Kim, Jeong-Eun Seo, and Hyun-Suk Lim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Microbiology (medical) ,myalgia ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Disease Outbreaks ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Coronavirus ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,business.industry ,Sputum ,Retrospective cohort study ,General Medicine ,Odds ratio ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Confidence interval ,Hospitals ,Pneumonia ,Diarrhea ,Infectious Diseases ,Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Coronavirus Infections - Abstract
There is a paucity of data regarding the differentiating characteristics of patients with laboratory-confirmed and those negative for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in South Korea. This hospital-based retrospective study compared MERS-CoV-positive and MERS-CoV-negative patients. A total of seven positive patients and 55 negative patients with a median age of 43 years (P = 0.845) were included. No statistical differences were observed with respect to their sex and the presence of comorbidities. At the time of admission, headache (28.6% vs. 3.6%; odds ratio [OR], 10.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.22-92.27), myalgia (57.1% vs. 9.1%; OR, 13.33; 95% CI, 2.30-77.24), and diarrhea (57.1% vs. 14.5%; OR, 7.83; 95% CI, 1.47-41.79) were common among MERS-CoV-positive patients. MERS-CoV-positive patients were more likely to have a low platelet count (164 ± 76.57 vs. 240 ± 79.87) and eosinophil (0.27 ± 0.43 vs. 2.13 ± 2.01; P = 0.003). Chest radiography with diffuse bronchopneumonia was more frequent in MERS-CoV-positive patients than in negative patients (100% vs. 62.5%; P = 0.491). The symptoms of headache, myalgia, and diarrhea, as well as laboratory characteristics, including low platelet counts and eosinophil, and chest X-ray showing diffuse bronchopneumonia might enhance the ability to detect patients in South Korea infected with MERS-CoV.
- Published
- 2018
15. Geographical and Environmental Features of the Canadian Rockies(Skyline, Lake O’Hara and Robson)
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Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Skyline ,Geography ,Archaeology - Published
- 2016
16. A Study on Introduction of Drone Delivery Service Policies and Development Plans in Countries
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Soon-Ja Kim, Chang Youl Choi, and Ki-Hyung Bae
- Subjects
Service (business) ,Engineering ,Engineering management ,business.industry ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,050211 marketing ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,business ,computer ,050203 business & management ,Drone - Published
- 2016
17. The Expressional Characteristics and Meanings of Indeterminacy in Fashion Illustrations
- Author
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Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Cognitive science ,Meaning (philosophy of language) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Ambiguity ,Space (commercial competition) ,Indeterminate ,Mathematical economics ,Indeterminacy (literature) ,Object (philosophy) ,Expression (mathematics) ,media_common ,Fashion illustration ,Mathematics - Abstract
Indeterminacy maintains that the simultaneous measurement of object location and speed is theoretically impossible. This study present indeterminacy as a theoretic tool to interpret a variety of expression characteristics that seem disorderly in recent fashion illustrations; in addition, it analyzes the characteristics and meaning of indeterminacy as expressed in fashion illustrations. This study reviews concepts and related theories on indeterminacy to examine characteristics of indeterminacy expressed in the arts and fashion; subsequently, indeterminacy characteristics found in fashion illustrations are analyzed. In expressing the fashion figure, indeterminacy finds expression in a distorted figure transformations that include a hybridized combination of heterogeneous forms that dismantle and reconstruct the human body. The hybridized body of combined machines, animals and plants indicates an indeterminate body endlessly transforming itself. Indeterminate space expression finds expression in space expression by projection with the overlapping and juxtaposition of irrelevant constituent elements as well as a space expression from the insertion of unexpected images. An unclarified inconclusive open space provides space with fluidity, causes space expansion and conveys inconclusive meaning. Indeterminate expressions found in fashion illustrations reveal the ambiguity and complexity of a postmodern society with polysemous aesthetic values and the expanded visual concepts of fashion illustrations.
- Published
- 2015
18. A Study on the Analysis of Fashion Fabric Trend and the Acceptance by Collection - Focus on Domestic and International Collections in 2007 S/S ~ 2010 S/S
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Soon Ja Kim and Jae Shim Yun
- Subjects
Focus (computing) ,Engineering ,business.industry ,business ,Visual arts - Published
- 2015
19. Transesterification of plant oils using Staphylococcus haemolyticus L62 lipase displayed on Escherichia coli cell surface using the OmpA signal peptide and EstAβ8 anchoring motif
- Author
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Jin Chul Jo, Hyung Kwoun Kim, and Soon-ja Kim
- Subjects
Bioengineering ,Protein Sorting Signals ,medicine.disease_cause ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Biochemistry ,Substrate Specificity ,Hydrolysis ,Bacterial Proteins ,Escherichia coli ,medicine ,Plant Oils ,Lipase ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Esterification ,biology ,Cell Membrane ,Fatty Acids ,Fatty acid ,Transesterification ,biology.organism_classification ,Staphylococcus haemolyticus ,Recombinant Proteins ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Bacterial outer membrane ,Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases ,Corn oil ,Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Staphylococcus haemolyticus L62 (SHL62) lipase was displayed on the outer membrane of Escherichia coli using the OmpA signal peptide and the autotransporter EstAβ8 protein. Localization of SHL62 lipase on the outer membrane of E. coli was confirmed using immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry analysis. Lipase activity of the displayed SHL62 lipase was also measured using spectrophotometry and pH titration. SHL62 lipase activity of whole cells reached 2.0 U/ml culture (OD 600 nm of 10) when it was measured by the p -nitrophenyl caprylate assay after being induced with 1 mM IPTG for 24 h. The optimum temperature and pH for the lipase was 45 °C and 10, respectively. Furthermore, it maintained more than 90% of maximum lipase activity at up to 50 °C and in a pH range of 5–9. The hydrolytic activity assay conduted with various substrates confirmed that p -nitrophenyl caprylate and corn oil were preferred substrates among various synthetic and natural substrates, respectively. The displayed SHL62 lipase produced fatty acid esters from various alcohols and plant oils through transesterification.
- Published
- 2014
20. RFID Distance Bounding Protocol Secure Against Mafia and Terrorist Fraud
- Author
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Hye-Jin Kwon and Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
business.industry ,Hash function ,Adversary ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,Information science ,Relay attack ,Authentication protocol ,Terrorism ,Distance-bounding protocol ,business ,computer ,Personally identifiable information ,Computer network - Abstract
RFID system has been used in a variety of services. So, a lot of attacks like a free ride on the service, leakage of property or personal information are known. Therefore, the solutions that address these attacks have been proposed. Among the attacks, mafia fraud, a kind of relay attack, can not be addressed by common authentication protocol. So, Hancke and Kuhn used distance bounding protocol for RFID authentication. After that, Munilla and Peinado modified HK protocol by adding void challenge. So the mafia fraud success probability of adversary is lower than probability of HK protocol. Ahn et al. proposed a protocol that reduces number of a hash computation and traffic than MP protocol. Here, we show that MP protocol can not defend the terrorist fraud and is vulnerable to noise. And we show that also AYBN protocol is vulnerable to mafia fraud and key leakage. Moreover, we propose a new protocol and our experimental results show that our protocol is secure to terrorist and mafia fraud. 논문 14-39A-11-05 The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences '14-11 Vol.39A No.11 http://dx.doi.org/10.7840/kics.2014.39A.11.660 660 ※이 논문은 2012학년도 경북대학교 학술연구비에 의하여 연구되었음. First Author : College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, heyjk90@gmail.com, 학생회원 ° Corresponding Author : College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, sjkim@ee.knu.ac.kr, 종신회원 논문번호:KICS2014-10-431, Received October 24, 2014; Revised November 11, 2014; Accepted November 11, 2014 논문 / 테러리스트 공격과 마피아 공격에 안전한 RFID 거리 제한 프로토콜
- Published
- 2014
21. RFID Distance Bounding Protocol to Secure Against Relay Attack by Using Full-Response
- Author
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Hye-Jin Kwon and Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
business.industry ,Computer science ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,Rfid authentication ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Distance-bounding protocol ,business ,Computer security ,computer.software_genre ,computer ,Computer network ,Relay attack - Published
- 2016
22. Phosphorylated p70S6K in noninvasive low-grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder: correlation with tumor recurrence
- Author
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In Ho Chang, Hui Seok Jung, Soon-Ja Kim, Kyung Mee Lee, Jung Hoon Kim, and Tae Jin Lee
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Urology ,Urinary Bladder ,Biology ,lcsh:RC870-923 ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Humans ,cancer ,Urothelium ,Phosphorylation ,p70S6K ,bladder ,Aged ,Cell Proliferation ,Aged, 80 and over ,Sirolimus ,Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ,Tissue microarray ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,Cell growth ,Cancer ,Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa ,Transfection ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,lcsh:Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Cell culture ,Cancer research ,Immunohistochemistry ,Female ,Original Article ,Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ,Corrigendum ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
We investigated whether inhibiting phosphorylated p70S6K (p-p70S6K) suppresses the proliferation and growth of noninvasive low-grade urothelial carcinoma (LG-URCa) in vitro and whether p-p70S6K can serve as a predictive biomarker for the recurrence of noninvasive LG-URCa of the bladder in patients. We constructed a tissue microarray (TMA) for 95 LG-URCa and 35 benign urothelium samples and performed immunohistochemical staining for p-p70S6K and p-4E-BP1. A Cox regression model was used to investigate the predictive factors for recurrence of LG-URCa. We investigated the dose-dependent antiproliferative effect of rapamycin, its antiproliferative effect and the growth-inhibition effect of p70S6K siRNA transfection in RT4 and 253J cell lines. The pT1 staged group (P < 0.05; hazard ratio (HR), 2.415) and the high p-p70S6K staining group (P < 0.05; HR, 2.249) were independent factors for predicting recurrence. Rapamycin inhibited RT4 and 253J cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner (r = −0.850, P < 0.001 in RT4 cells; r = −0.835, P < 0.001 in 253J cells). RT4 and 253J cell proliferation and growth were inhibited by the transfection of p70S6K siRNA and rapamycin, respectively (P < 0.05). Transfection of p70S6K siRNA resulted in inhibitory effects on cell proliferation and growth that were similar to those of rapamycin. Our results suggest that inhibiting p70S6K phosphorylation is important to prevent recurrence and that p70S6K phosphorylation can be used as a molecular biomarker to predict recurrence of certain LG-URCa of the bladder.
- Published
- 2014
23. A Data Hiding Scheme for Grayscale Images Using a Square Function
- Author
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Hye-Jin Kwon, Hae-Mun Kim, and Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Least significant bit ,Transformation (function) ,Theoretical computer science ,Steganography ,Information hiding ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Binary number ,Embedding ,Algorithm ,Grayscale ,Image (mathematics) ,Mathematics - Abstract
Many image hiding schemes based on least significant bit (LSB) transformation have been proposed. One of the LSB-based image hiding schemes that employs diamond encoding was proposed in 2008. In this scheme, the binary secret data is converted into base n representation, and the converted secret data is concealed in the cover image. Here, we show that this scheme has two vulnerabilities: noticeable spots in the stego-image, i.e., a non-smooth embedding result, and inefficiency caused by rough re-adjustment of falling-off-boundary value and impractical base translation. Moreover, we propose a new scheme that is efficient and produces a smooth and high quality embedding result by restricting n to power of 2 and using a sophisticated re-adjustment procedure. Our experimental results show that our scheme yields high quality stego-images and is secure against RS detection attack.
- Published
- 2014
24. Establishment of an Orthotopic Mouse Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Model Expressing the Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling Pathway
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In Ho Chang, Tae Jin Lee, Ho Kyung Seo, Soon-Ja Kim, Jong Kyou Kwon, Sang-Jin Lee, Hye-Hyun Seo, and Byung Hoon Chi
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Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Blotting, Western ,Green Fluorescent Proteins ,Transplantation, Heterologous ,Mice, Nude ,Biology ,Mice ,Western blot ,In vivo ,Genes, Reporter ,Luciferases, Firefly ,Cell Line, Tumor ,medicine ,Bioluminescence imaging ,Animals ,Humans ,Oncology & Hematology ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Neoplasm Staging ,Bladder cancer ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Immunohistochemistry ,Transplantation ,Blot ,Disease Models, Animal ,Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ,Luminescent Measurements ,mTOR ,Original Article ,Female ,Mouse Orthotopic Model ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
We established an orthotopic non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) mouse model expressing the mammalian target of the rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway. After intravesical instillation of KU-7-lucs (day 0), animals were subsequently monitored by bioluminescence imaging (BLI) on days 4, 7, 14, and 21, and performed histopathological examination. We also validated the orthotopic mouse model expressing the mTOR signaling pathway immunohistochemically. In vitro BLI photon density was correlated with KU-7-luc cell number (r2 = 0.97, P < 0.01) and in vivo BLI photon densities increased steadily with time after intravesical instillation. The tumor take rate was 84.2%, formed initially on day 4 and remained NMIBC up to day 21. T1 photon densities were significantly higher than Ta (P < 0.01), and histological tumor volume was positively correlated with BLI photon density (r2 = 0.87, P < 0.01). The mTOR signaling pathway-related proteins were expressed in the bladder, and were correlated with the western blot results. Our results suggest successful establishment of an orthotopic mouse NMIBC model expressing the mTOR signaling pathway using KU-7-luc cells. This model is expected to be helpful to evaluate preclinical testing of intravesical therapy based on the mTOR signaling pathway against NMIBC.
- Published
- 2014
25. Immune Modulation of B. terrestris Worker (a Type of Bumblebee), Extract on CFA-induced Paw Edema in Rats
- Author
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Jae Sam Hwang, Jea Woong Han, Hyung Joo Yoon, Mi Young Ahn, Eun Young Yun, and Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,B. terrestris worker extract ,B. hypocrita sapporoensis lava and pupa extract ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Arthritis ,Inflammation ,Pharmacology ,Toxicology ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Immunity ,medicine ,Bumblebee ,Hyaline ,Cantharidin ,biology ,business.industry ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Cytokine ,chemistry ,Research-Article ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Adjuvant - Abstract
To develop a composition for enhancing immunity, based on alcohol extracts of the bumblebee as an active ingredient, bumblebee ethanol extracts were evaluated for their protective effect in chronic models of inflammation, adjuvant induced rat arthritis. B. terrestris worker extract (SDIEX) and, B. hypocrita sapporoensis lava and pupa extract (SPDYBEX), significantly decreased paw edema in arthritic rats, at a dose 100 mg/kg, respectively. The cytokine levels related inflammation of COX-2, sPLA2, VEGF, and TNF-α, were decreased, compared to positive control, indomethacin (5 mg/kg). Histopathological data demonstrated decreases inflammatory activity, hind paw edema, and repaired hyaline articular cartilage in DRG over a 2 wk administration. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of SDIEX and SPDYBEX revealed the presence of cantharidin.
- Published
- 2014
26. The Analysis of Multi-Cultural Education Program in Elementary School of Gyeongnam - From the View of Inter-Culture Education
- Author
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Moon-Seong Choi and Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Anthropology ,Pedagogy ,Primary education ,Multi cultural ,Sociology ,Education - Published
- 2013
27. Cell surface display of Staphylococcus haemolyticus L62 lipase in Escherichia coli and its application as a whole cell biocatalyst for biodiesel production
- Author
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Soon-ja Kim, Hyung Kwoun Kim, and Jae Kwang Song
- Subjects
Protease ,biology ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Chemistry ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Bioengineering ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis ,Enzyme assay ,Pseudomonas putida ,Western blot ,Biodiesel production ,biology.protein ,medicine ,Staphylococcus haemolyticus ,Lipase ,Escherichia coli - Abstract
Staphylococcus haemolyticus L62 (SHL62) lipase was displayed on the cell surface of Escherichia coli using an autotransporter protein of Pseudomonas putida EstAβ8 as an anchoring motif. Localization of the SHL62 lipase on the cell surface of E. coli was confirmed by immunofluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry analysis, Western blot, protease accessibility, and whole-cell enzyme activity assays. SHL62 lipase activity of whole cells reached 168 U/g dry cell weight toward p -nitrophenyl caprylate after being induced by 0.1 mM IPTG for 24 h. The optimum temperature and pH of the displayed SHL62 lipase was 40–45 °C and pH 10, respectively. The displayed SHL62 was stable up to 45 °C, at which it had >80% of maximum activity. The displayed SHL62 lipase showed a preference for medium chain fatty acids of p -nitrophenyl esters. Moreover, the displayed SHL62 lipase was used as a whole cell catalyst to produce biodiesel that was obtained at a yield of nearly 89.4% after a 96 h reaction at 30 °C. These results suggest that the displayed SHL62 lipase on the cell surface of E. coli using an EstAβ8 anchoring motif can be used for biocatalytic applications.
- Published
- 2013
28. Virtual Space Persona Expressed in Fashion Illustration
- Author
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Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Engineering ,Communication ,Expression (architecture) ,Aesthetics ,business.industry ,Id, ego and super-ego ,Realm ,Identity (social science) ,Face (sociological concept) ,Persona ,Fantasy ,business ,Fashion illustration - Abstract
Persona means the mask of personality where the internal ego exposes itself to the outside. The complicated structure and diversity of contemporary society has provided men with a more variegated and diversified persona; in addi- tion, advancements in internet and information communications creates the possibility for the emergence of more var- iegated and new persona. This study probes the persona of virtual space expressed in fashion designs; subsequently, this study reviews the concept and various characteristics of persona and examines the type of persona in the virtual space from the perspective of the manifestation of identity. The type of persona in the virtual space canbe categorized into flex- ible identity and falsified identity; subsequently, the characteristics and meanings of virtual space persona in fashion designs are analyzed. Flexible identity-oriented personas expressed in fashion designs are revealed through the images of animals or dolls. This is a childlike persona expression that expresses ego through other substances in an effort to express infantile substances such as dreams and fantasy cherished in childhood. Falsified identity-oriented personas are expanded as a realm of expression of the body and the realities are camouflaged as transformed persona. Negating exist- ence itself by covering the eyes or face as well as the concealment of the body with masks or veils is an expression of a self-denying persona.
- Published
- 2013
29. Human β-defensin 2 may inhibit internalisation of bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in bladder cancer cells
- Author
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Kyung Mee Lee, Soon-Ja Kim, In Ho Chang, and Jung Hoon Kim
- Subjects
Messenger RNA ,Bladder cancer ,biology ,business.industry ,Urology ,Cancer ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Microbiology ,law.invention ,law ,biology.protein ,Recombinant DNA ,Cancer research ,Medicine ,Secretion ,Viability assay ,Antibody ,business ,Mycobacterium - Abstract
Objective To investigate whether secretion of human β-defensin 2 (HBD-2) is induced by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) and to determine whether HBD-2 affects BCG internalisation in bladder cancer cells. Materials and Methods Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis was used to determine whether HBD-2 mRNA increases after incubation with BCG. HBD-2 proteins in 5637 and T24 human bladder cancer cell lines were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The internalisation rate was evaluated by double immunofluorescence assay and confocal microscopy to test the optimal dose of HBD-2 for BCG internalisation. We also investigated the difference in internalisation rates and cell viability between recombinant HBD-2 protein, anti-HBD-2 antibody, and HBD-2 plus anti-HBD-2 antibody pretreatments. Results BCG induced HBD-2 mRNA expression and HBD-2 production dose and time-dependently in bladder cancer cells and affected BCG internalisation. Pretreatment with recombinant HBD-2 protein lowered internalisation of BCG dose-dependently. Moreover, anti-HBD-2 antibody prevented the effect of HBD-2 on BCG internalisation in bladder cancer cells. The internalisation rate of BCG pretreated with anti-HBD-2 antibody was higher than that in the control in 5637 (P < 0.01) and T24 cells (P < 0.05). The BCG internalisation rate in cells pretreated with anti-HBD-2 antibody plus recombinant HBD-2 protein was higher than that in the control in 5637 (P < 0.01) and T24 cells (P < 0.05). Mycobacterium bovis BCG decreased bladder cancer cell viability, and anti-HBD-2 antibody prevented the inhibitory role of HBD-2 on the anti-proliferative effects of M. bovis BCG in bladder cancer cells Conclusion Bladder cancer cells produce HBD-2 when they are infected by BCG to defend themselves against BCG internalisation, which plays an important role during the initiation and propagation of the immunotherapeutic response in bladder cancer cells.
- Published
- 2013
30. An Empirical Study on the Factors to Affect a BIS Use and Its Vitalization Plan : Busan Metropolitan City
- Author
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Yoon Sook Cha, Jong Weon Kim, Soon Ja Kim, and Soon-Goo Hong
- Subjects
Government ,Empirical research ,Traffic congestion ,business.industry ,Local government ,Information technology ,Usability ,Business ,Plan (drawing) ,Marketing ,Metropolitan area - Abstract
The government has implemented operating the bus information terminal (hereinafter, `BIT`) to use by building it at a major bus station to solve the problem of traffic congestion. Busan Metropolitan City has been continuously expanding the installation of `BIT` since 2003. However, there are few research on the factor to use and satisfaction survey on `BIT` from the perspective of the users. This study, in an effort to inquire into the `BIT` utilization factor and its vitalization plan, conducted a face to face survey of 172 citizens who had the experience in the `BIT`. The result of the data analysis showed that usability, convenience, and availability were the critical factors for a BIT use. In addition, the general intention to use `BIT` was found to be very high as much as 90.7%. The contributions of this study are as follows. The academic contributions is that it proved the relationship between usability, convenience and the intention to use suggested by the information technology acceptance model is supported even in case of `BIT.` For the practitioners this study provides ground data for a local government to make a plan of a BIT extension.
- Published
- 2013
31. An Improved One Round Authenticated Group Key Agreement
- Author
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Ho-Hee Kim and Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Discrete mathematics ,Computer science ,Group key - Abstract
많은 인증 키 합의 프로토콜이 제안되어 왔다. 여전히 안전한 인증키 합의 프로토콜을 설계하는 것이 이슈화되고 있다. 이 논문에서는, 전형적인 ID 기반의 암호화 시스템의 공개키와 개인키 뿐 아니라 하나 더 많은 공개키와 개인키를 사용하는 원 라운드 인증 그룹키 합의 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안된 프로토콜은 Shi et al. 프로토콜과 He et al. 프로토콜을 수정 보완하였다. 제안된 프로토콜의 공개키 개인키와 서명 과정은 그들의 프로토콜보다 단순하다. 제안한 프로토콜은 안전하며, 통신과 계산 비용 면에서 그들의 프로토콜보다 더 효율적이다.
- Published
- 2013
32. Biodiesel production using cross-linked Staphylococcus haemolyticus lipase immobilized on solid polymeric carriers
- Author
-
Seongsoon Park, Sang Hyeon Kim, Hyung Kwoun Kim, and Soon-ja Kim
- Subjects
Animal fat ,Biodiesel ,biology ,Immobilized enzyme ,Process Chemistry and Technology ,food and beverages ,Bioengineering ,Transesterification ,Biochemistry ,Catalysis ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Biodiesel production ,biology.protein ,Organic chemistry ,Methanol ,Lipase - Abstract
Various plant oils and animal fats can be used for the production of biodiesel, a renewable and eco-friendly alternative fuel. In this research, transesterification of olive oil and methanol was performed using Staphylococcus haemolyticus L62 lipase expressed in Escherichia coli cells. L62 lipase was relatively methanol-stable and could produce biodiesel by a one-step methanol-feeding process. This enzyme was immobilized on a poly (methacrylate-co-divinyl benzene) resin by two different methods: hydrophobic adsorption/entrapment (H-L62) and hydrophobic adsorption/entrapment plus covalent cross-linking (HC-L62). Both immobilized enzymes showed quite increased temperature and pH stabilities, whereas they had very similar optimal temperature and pH in comparison with the soluble free enzyme. Soluble L62, H-L62 and HC-L62 lipases could produce biodiesel efficiently from olive oil. Among them, HC-L62 lipase was the most robust enzyme on the basis of multiple reusability. HC-L62 produced biodiesel with various plant oils including palm, olive fomase oils as well as waste cooking oil, suggesting that it can be utilized as a biocatalyst in the biodiesel industry.
- Published
- 2013
33. Characteristics of New Painting in Fashion Illustrations
- Author
-
Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Painting ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Minimalism (technical communication) ,Popular culture ,Representation (arts) ,Art ,Fine art ,Visual arts ,Appropriation ,Expression (architecture) ,business ,media_common ,Fashion illustration - Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of expression and their effects of New painting in fashion illustration since 1990s. This study is focused on searching for the development in expressional techniques of the fashion illustration on the basis of various techniques of New painting. New painting as a trend of new expressionism in America was developed in opposition to the minimalism in the 1980s when the discussion of the post-modernism was most widely. The artists of New painting attempted to resurrect figure through the representation of figure and concrete image, rich in color and strong in image. They also expressed the realistic scene of life with the various kind of medium, materials and styles and appropriation of image from mass media and popular culture. The representation of fashion figure and image through the various kind of painting medium, techniques and styles can express the realistic and sensitive image and increase the communication ability in fashion illustration. It could also deliver the fashion message more clearly through the appropriation of image. These findings indicate that fashion illustrations accept variety by interacting with fine arts and expand the scope of expression.
- Published
- 2012
34. A Secure Communication in Web of Things
- Author
-
Jin H. Park, Im Y. Jung, and Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
Computer science ,business.industry ,ComputerSystemsOrganization_COMPUTER-COMMUNICATIONNETWORKS ,Eavesdropping ,computer.software_genre ,Encryption ,Web of Things ,Symmetric-key algorithm ,Secure communication ,Web service ,User interface ,business ,computer ,Replay attack ,Computer network - Abstract
A technique to communicate with a smart sensor device using the Web is currently being developed. When the user approaches the device, like a beacon, the device sends a URL to the built-in sensor to the user’s smartphone. With this URL, the user can communicate with the smart sensor device through a Web interface. When communicating with a beacon using a Web interface, encryption is required for secure communication between the Web browser and beacon. In this paper, we propose secure communication using a symmetric key distribution. Our method prevents malicious applications from eavesdropping on messages and replaying a message. In addition, we evaluated the execution time.
- Published
- 2016
35. A study on Architecture and History of Cambodia
- Author
-
Soon Ja Kim
- Subjects
History ,Architecture ,Visual arts - Published
- 2012
36. Synthetic Coprisin Analog Peptide, D-CopA3 has Antimicrobial Activity and Pro-Apoptotic Effects in Human Leukemia Cells
- Author
-
Eun-Young Yun, Soon-ja Kim, Yong-Nam Kwon, In-Woo Kim, and Jae-Sam Hwang
- Subjects
Cell Survival ,Antineoplastic Agents ,Apoptosis ,Peptide ,DNA Fragmentation ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Biology ,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology ,Jurkat cells ,Cell Line, Tumor ,Humans ,Peptide sequence ,Defensin ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Bacteria ,Fungi ,General Medicine ,Antimicrobial ,Amino acid ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,Cell culture ,Insect Proteins ,DNA fragmentation ,Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Recently, we reported that the synthetic Coprisin analog peptide 9-mer dimer CopA3 (consisted of all-L amino acid sequence) was designed based on a defensin-like peptide, Coprisin isolated from Copris tripartitus. The 9-mer dimer CopA3 (L-CopA3) had antibacterial activity and induced apoptosis in human leukemia cells via a caspase-independent pathway. In this study, all of amino acid sequences of L-CopA3 were modified to all D-form amino acids (D-CopA3) to develop a more effective antimicrobial peptide. We investigated whether D-CopA3 had antimicrobial activities against pathogenic microorganisms and proapoptotic effects in human leukemia cells (U937, Jurkat, and AML-2). The synthetic peptide D-CopA3 had antimicrobial activities against various pathogenic bacteria and yeast fungus with MIC values in the 4~64 microM range. Moreover, D-CopA3 caused cell growth inhibition, and increased the chromosomal DNA fragmentation and the expression of inflammatory cytokines, TNF-alpha and IL1-beta, transcripts in human leukemia cells. The all-D amino acid peptide D-CopA3 proved as effective as the L-CopA3 reported previously. These results provide the basis for developing D-CopA3 as a new antibiotic peptide.
- Published
- 2012
37. Cyborg Image Expressed in Fashion Illustration
- Author
-
Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Cognitive science ,Organic body ,Extension (metaphysics) ,Expression (architecture) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Identity (object-oriented programming) ,Art ,Humanism ,Image (mathematics) ,Fashion illustration ,Visual arts ,media_common ,Monster - Abstract
We find ourselves living in a post-human era when technology and images coexist with humans. A cyborg, a combination of an organic body and a machine could be called a human fused with a machine. It could be understood as a new species where humans and machines have combined rather than simple protoplasm or an organic body. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that a concept of a body in post humanism era is finding expression in fashion illustration through cyborg images. The concepts of post humanism and cyborg are analysed by means of research into literature and characteristics in which cyborg images as post humans are expressed through art, and images of a cyborg body in fashion illustration and their meanings are explored with the foregoing as a framework of reference. Cyborg image reflects new images and concept of a human in post humanism. The cyborg body images in fashion illustration are expressed through the addition of mechanical images, digital virtual body, monster image by means of hybrid combination, distorted physical transformation and fragmented body and body absence. And cyborg image in fashion illustration shows the extension of body concepts through the technology and uncertain and ambiguous identity.
- Published
- 2011
38. Indian Reserves in Vancouver Canada
- Author
-
Soon Ja Kim
- Published
- 2011
39. NO and Cytokine Production due to Crysochroa fulgidissima
- Author
-
Young-Bo Lee, Hae-Cheol Park, Yun-Jung Seo, Soon-Ja Kim, Mi-Aae Kim, Mi-Young Ahn, and Hye-Kyoung Jeong
- Subjects
Cantharidin ,Ethanol ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Potent inducer ,Prostaglandin ,Crude drug ,Biology ,Pharmacology ,Inhibitory postsynaptic potential ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytokine ,chemistry ,Biochemistry ,medicine - Abstract
Crysochroa fulgidissima (Bidan-beole, Spanish fly) is traditionally used as a crude drug and insecticide in the East Asia and Korea, respectively. This study investigated the effect of ethanol extract of C. fulgidissima on the NO production activity. The C. fulgidissima extract was a potent inducer of NO production in CPAE cells and a stimulator of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in a dose-dependent manner. This study also evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of this extract by determining the level of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and prostaglandin from HUVEC cells. Although C. fulgidissima extract was a potent inducer of NO production in the CPAE cells, it showed weak inhibitory effects on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production in HUVEC cells. HPLC and GC-MS analysis of the ethanol extract of C. fulgidissima revealed the presence of cantharidin.
- Published
- 2011
40. Cyborg Feminism Expressed in Fashion Design
- Author
-
Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Subjectivity ,Polymers and Plastics ,Fashion design ,business.industry ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Subject (philosophy) ,Identity (social science) ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Gender studies ,Persona ,Technoscience ,Clothing ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Feminism ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Aesthetics ,Sociology ,business ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) - Abstract
The recent innovations in technoscience have changed the patterns of everyday lives for women and their politics of identity. Among the various debates on a women`s relationship to technoscience, Donna J. Haraway`s theory of the cyborg has been one of the most influential, as it provides new modes of conceiving subjectivity as well as new notions of women`s shared experiences. For Haraway, the cyborg is an image of a female subject that will lead the future of science and technology as an amalgamation of non-hierarchical differences. This study examines the characteristics and meanings for the distortion, anti-aesthetic body, and clothing in fashion design through the cyborg feminism theory. Characteristics and meanings of the cyborg in fashion designs find their expression through mechanical images, distorted physical transformations, reconstruction of a destructed body, expression of an anatomical and heterogeneous body, and the persona image. Such expressions are not simply an act of distorting and destroying a body image but extending the category of a body, but of going beyond the limit of a real body and create a new body.
- Published
- 2011
41. Thirteen-Week Oral Dose Toxicity Study of G. bimaculatus in Sprague-Dawley Rats
- Author
-
Jae Sam Hwang, Jea Woong Han, Soon Ja Kim, Mi Young Ahn, and Eun Young Yun
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Pathology ,Hematology ,Urinalysis ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,biology ,Triglyceride ,Clinical pathology ,business.industry ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Gryllus bimaculatus ,G. bimaculatus ,13-Week toxicity ,Physiology ,Articles ,Toxicology ,biology.organism_classification ,Gross examination ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,Toxicity ,Medicine ,business ,Adverse effect - Abstract
Gryllus bimaculatus (Gb) was orally administered at doses of 0, 0.04, 0.2, 1 and 5 g/kg bw/day for 13 consecutive weeks. There were no observed clinical signs or deaths related to treatment in all the groups tested. Therefore, the approximate lethal oral dose of G. bimaculatus was considered to be higher than 5 g/kg in rats. Throughout the administration period, no significant changes in diet consumption, ophthalmologic findings, organ weight, clinical pathology (hematology, clinical chemistry, coagulation, and urinalysis) or gross pathology were detected. Minor changes were found in hematological parameters for the 5 g/kg Gb-treated group (triglyceride reduction of 35.8%), but all changes were within normal physiological ranges. Microscopic examination did not identify any treatment-related histopathologic changes in the organs of Gb-treated rats in the high dose group. From these results, one can conclude that the no-observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of G. bimaculatus is higher than 5 g/kg bw/day in rats.
- Published
- 2011
42. Disrupting Vesicular Trafficking at the Endosome Attenuates Transcriptional Activation by Gcn4
- Author
-
Hongfang Qiu, Naseem A. Gaur, Fan Zhang, Jiri Hasek, Soon-ja Kim, Mark J. Swanson, and Alan G. Hinnebusch
- Subjects
Transcriptional Activation ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ,Endosome ,Recombinant Fusion Proteins ,Endocytic cycle ,Vesicular Transport Proteins ,Golgi Apparatus ,Endosomes ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,macromolecular substances ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Membrane Fusion ,Models, Biological ,symbols.namesake ,Lysosome ,Protein targeting ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,Late endosome ,Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65 ,Articles ,Cell Biology ,Golgi apparatus ,Chromatin ,Cell biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Vesicular transport protein ,Protein Transport ,Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ,Phenotype ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Membrane protein ,symbols ,Gene Deletion ,Signal Transduction ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The late endosome (MVB) plays a key role in coordinating vesicular transport of proteins between the Golgi complex, vacuole/lysosome, and plasma membrane. We found that deleting multiple genes involved in vesicle fusion at the MVB (class C/D vps mutations) impairs transcriptional activation by Gcn4, a global regulator of amino acid biosynthetic genes, by decreasing the ability of chromatin-bound Gcn4 to stimulate preinitiation complex assembly at the promoter. The functions of hybrid activators with Gal4 or VP16 activation domains are diminished in class D mutants as well, suggesting a broader defect in activation. Class E vps mutations, which impair protein sorting at the MVB, also decrease activation by Gcn4, provided they elicit rapid proteolysis of MVB cargo proteins in the aberrant late endosome. By contrast, specifically impairing endocytic trafficking from the plasma membrane, or vesicular transport to the vacuole, has a smaller effect on Gcn4 function. Thus, it appears that decreasing cargo proteins in the MVB through impaired delivery or enhanced degradation, and not merely the failure to transport cargo properly to the vacuole or downregulate plasma membrane proteins by endocytosis, is required to attenuate substantially transcriptional activation by Gcn4.
- Published
- 2008
43. A Study on Warm Incremental Forming of AZ31 Alloy Sheet
- Author
-
Yu-Si Lee, Soon-ja Kim, Y.N. Kwon, and J.H. Lee
- Subjects
Fundamental study ,Materials science ,chemistry ,Magnesium ,Inclination angle ,Metallurgy ,Formability ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Magnesium alloy ,AZ31 alloy ,Finite element method - Abstract
A fundamental study on warm incremental forming of a magnesium alloy sheet has been carried out. In order to enhance the incremental formability of the magnesium alloy sheet, a local heating device was newly designed and manufactured. Through the incremental forming tests of AZ31 under various forming conditions, the effects of process parameters such as the temperature, feeding depth per cycle, and inclination angle on the incremental formability of AZ31 were investigated. In addition, conventional FLDs at elevated temperatures were constructed experimentally and applied to predict the forming failure.
- Published
- 2008
44. A Study on the Image-Virtualization in Fashion Illustration
- Author
-
Soon-Ja Kim
- Subjects
Painting ,Polymers and Plastics ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION ,Human Factors and Ergonomics ,Ambiguity ,Virtualization ,computer.software_genre ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Appropriation ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Virtual image ,Computer graphics (images) ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Equivalence (formal languages) ,business ,computer ,Social Sciences (miscellaneous) ,Fashion illustration ,media_common - Abstract
Image which appears in fashion illustration on the late twentieth century is not the representative image as an equivalence to the real fashion styles but the virtual image which bears no relation to any reality. The purpose of this study is review the concept of virtuality and analyze in which way virtual image is expressed in fashion illustrations on the background of Jean Baudrillard`s simulacre theory. In post-modem paintings the expression methods of image-virtualization were image mixing through photo-image appropriation, image overlapping, and the icons inserted unreasonably, the focus-out effect through scrubbing and the over-painting on the photograph. Image-virtualization in fashion illustration was expressed through image mixing and expression of image uncertainty. Image mixing was made by photo-image appropriation, image overlapping, connection of heterogeneous images and using interface image, and uncertain image was expressed through the expression of visual ambiguity and virtual movement.
- Published
- 2008
45. A Study on Forging Characteristic of Non-Heat Treated Micro-Alloyed Steel Using Finite Element Analysis
- Author
-
J.H. Lee, Soon-ja Kim, Y.S. Lee, and Yong-Nam Kwon
- Subjects
Quenching ,business.product_category ,Materials science ,Annealing (metallurgy) ,Metallurgy ,Heat treated ,Die (manufacturing) ,Tempering ,business ,Fastener ,Finite element method ,Forging - Abstract
Micro-alloyed steels(MA steels) for cold forging was developed to replace the usual quenched and tempered steel. MA steels have several advantages over the conventional quenched and tempered carbon steels. First of all, energy consumption could be lowered due to the elimination of spherodizing annealing and quenching/tempering heat treatment. Also, bending during quenching could be avoided when MA steels are applied for manufacturing of long fastener parts. However, larger amount of load is exerted on the dies compared than in the case of conventional mild steels, which might lead to the earlier fracture of dies, when MA forging steels are applied in forging practice. Therefore, die lift could be a critical factor to determine whether HA forging steels could be widely applied in cold forging practice. In the present study, authors have investigated the forging characteristics of non-heat treated micro-alloyed steel by using a series of experimental and numerical analyses. Firstly, microstructural features and its effect on the deformation behavior have been studied. Numerical analysis has been done on the forging of guide rod pin to investigate for the optimization of forging process and die stress prediction.
- Published
- 2006
46. Activator Gcn4p and Cyc8p/Tup1p Are Interdependent for Promoter Occupancy at ARG1 In Vivo
- Author
-
Mark J. Swanson, Alan G. Hinnebusch, Chhabi K. Govind, Hongfang Qiu, and Soon-ja Kim
- Subjects
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ,Genes, Fungal ,Drug Resistance ,Gene Expression ,RNA polymerase II ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Argininosuccinate Synthase ,Upstream activating sequence ,Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ,Coactivator ,Isoleucine ,Promoter Regions, Genetic ,Molecular Biology ,Transcription factor ,biology ,Activator (genetics) ,Nuclear Proteins ,Valine ,Promoter ,DNA Polymerase II ,Cell Biology ,Argininosuccinate Lyase ,Molecular biology ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Repressor Proteins ,Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ,biology.protein ,TATA-binding protein ,Chromatin immunoprecipitation ,Gene Deletion ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
The Cyc8p/Tup1p complex mediates repression of diverse genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and is recruited by DNA binding proteins specific for the different sets of repressed genes. By screening the yeast deletion library, we identified Cyc8p as a coactivator for Gcn4p, a transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic genes. Deletion of CYC8 confers sensitivity to an inhibitor of isoleucine/valine biosynthesis and impairs activation of Gcn4p-dependent reporters and authentic amino acid biosynthetic target genes. Deletion of TUP1 produces similar but less severe activation defects in vivo. Although expression of Gcn4p is unaffected by deletion of CYC8, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays reveal a strong defect in binding of Gcn4p at the target genes ARG1 and ARG4 in cyc8Delta cells and to a lesser extent in tup1Delta cells. The defects in Gcn4p binding and transcriptional activation in cyc8Delta cells cannot be overcome by Gcn4p overexpression but are partially suppressed in tup1Delta cells. The impairment of Gcn4p binding in cyc8Delta and tup1Delta cells is severe enough to reduce recruitment of SAGA, Srb mediator, TATA binding protein, and RNA polymerase II to the ARG1 and ARG4 promoters, accounting for impaired transcriptional activation of these genes in both mutants. Cyc8p and Tup1p are recruited to the ARG1 and ARG4 promoters, consistent with a direct role for this complex in stimulating Gcn4p occupancy of the upstream activation sequence (UAS). Interestingly, Gcn4p also stimulates binding of Cyc8p/Tup1p at the 3' ends of these genes, raising the possibility that Cyc8p/Tup1p influences transcription elongation. Our findings reveal a novel coactivator function for Cyc8p/Tup1p at the level of activator binding and suggest that Gcn4p may enhance its own binding to the UAS by recruiting Cyc8p/Tup1p.
- Published
- 2005
47. Anticholesterolemic effect of 3,4-di(OH)-phenylpropionic amides in high-cholesterol fed rats
- Author
-
Hye Jin Kim, Myung-Sook Choi, Soon-Ja Kim, Song-Hae Bok, Sangku Lee, Yong Bok Park, and Mi-Kyung Lee
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hypercholesterolemia ,Sterol O-acyltransferase ,Toxicology ,High cholesterol ,Cholesterol, Dietary ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Excretion ,Feces ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Caffeic Acids ,Internal medicine ,Serine ,medicine ,Animals ,Aspartate Aminotransferases ,Clofibrate ,Triglycerides ,Pharmacology ,Aspartic Acid ,Triglyceride ,Cholesterol ,Anticholesteremic Agents ,Alanine Transaminase ,medicine.disease ,Lipids ,Sterol ,Rats ,Endocrinology ,Liver ,chemistry ,Cinnamates ,Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Sterol O-Acyltransferase ,medicine.drug ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
Two amide synthetic derivatives of 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate (HC), 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic (l-serine methyl ester) amide (E030) and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic (l-aspartic acid) amide (E076), were investigated to compare their lipid-lowering efficacy with HC. Male rats were fed a 1 g/100 g high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks with supplements of either clofibrate (0.02%, w/w), HC (0.025%, w/w), E030 (0.039%, w/w) or E076 (0.041%, w/w). The clofibrate supplement was used as a positive control for the lipid-lowering efficacy. The food intakes and body weight gains were not significantly different among the groups. The plasma and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels were lower in clofibrate, HC, E030, and E076-supplemented groups compared to the control group. The supplementation of HC and its amide derivatives was as effective as clofibrate in increasing the ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total plasma cholesterol and reducing the atherogenic index (AI). The hepatic cholesterol level in the HC and E076 groups was significantly lower than that in the clofibrate group. The hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA (HMG-CoA reductase) and acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) activities were significantly lower in the all test groups than in the control group. The excretion of neutral sterol was significantly higher in the HC, E030, and E076-supplemented groups compared to the control group. The plasma AST and ALT activities, indirect indexes of hepatic toxicity, were significantly lower in the HC, E030, and E076-supplemented groups than in the control group. Accordingly, the current results suggest that E030 and E076, two amide synthetic derivatives of HC, are effective in lowering lipid activity.
- Published
- 2005
48. Recruitment of the ArgR/Mcm1p repressor is stimulated by the activator Gcn4p: A self-checking activation mechanism
- Author
-
Chhabi K. Govind, Sungpil Yoon, Jinsheng Dong, Soon-ja Kim, Hongfang Qiu, and Alan G. Hinnebusch
- Subjects
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ,Transcription, Genetic ,Arginine ,Macromolecular Substances ,Repressor ,Saccharomyces cerevisiae ,Biology ,DNA-binding protein ,Transcription (biology) ,Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal ,Isoleucine ,ARG1 ,Transcription factor ,Feedback, Physiological ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Multidisciplinary ,Activator (genetics) ,Valine ,Minichromosome Maintenance 1 Protein ,Biological Sciences ,Amino acid ,DNA-Binding Proteins ,Repressor Proteins ,Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) ,Biochemistry ,chemistry ,Protein Kinases ,Protein Binding ,Transcription Factors - Abstract
Transcription of the arginine biosynthetic gene ARG1 is repressed by the ArgR/Mcm1p complex in arginine-replete cells and activated by Gcn4p, a transcription factor induced by starvation for any amino acid. We show that all four subunits of the arginine repressor are recruited to ARG1 by Gcn4p in cells replete with arginine but starved for isoleucine/valine. None of these proteins is recruited to the Gcn4p target genes ARG4 and SNZ1 , which are not regulated by ArgR/Mcm1p. Mcm1p and Arg80p were found in a soluble complex lacking Arg81p and Arg82p, and both Mcm1p and Arg80p were efficiently recruited to ARG1 in wild-type cells in the presence or absence of exogenous arginine, and also in arg81 Δ cells. By contrast, the recruitment of Arg81p and Arg82p was stimulated by exogenous arginine. These findings suggest that Gcn4p constitutively recruits an Mcm1p/Arg80p heterodimer and that efficient assembly of a functional repressor also containing Arg81p and Arg82p occurs only in arginine excess. By recruiting an arginine-regulated repressor, Gcn4p can precisely modulate its activation function at ARG1 according to the availability of arginine.
- Published
- 2004
49. Preference for oral sildenafil or intracavernosal injection in patients with erectile dysfunction already using intracavernosal injection for > 1 year
- Author
-
In Ho Chang, Soon-Ja Kim, and H.J. Jeon
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Chemotherapy ,Papaverine ,business.industry ,Sildenafil ,Urology ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Transplantation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Phentolamine ,Erectile dysfunction ,chemistry ,Oral administration ,medicine ,Sexual function ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Authors from Seoul describe their experience with patients already on triple therapy by intracavernosal injection who changed to oral sildenafil. Rather surprisingly, they found that patients had had a greater preference than expected for triple therapy, feeling that they had a better quality of erection on intracavernosal injection. The subject of the effect of renal transplantation on sperm quality and sex hormone levels is discussed by authors from Teheran. They found that sperm morphology and density remained unchanged, but there were significant improvements in sperm mobility. There was also an improvement in hormone levels and sexual function. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and preference for oral sildenafil or intracavernosal injection (ICI) therapy in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) already using ICI. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 69 patients with ED (mean age 55.1 years, sd 12.3) on ICI therapy with triple solution (papaverine/phentolamine/prostaglandin-E1) for > 1 year were recruited for the study. Their erection quality, adverse reactions and selection rate of oral sildenafil or ICI as treatment, after using sildenafil for 3 months, and the reasons for their preferences, were compared between the regimens, RESULTS Overall, 52 men (75%) responded to sildenafil; of these men, the erection quality with ICI was better than that with sildenafil in 46 (89%) and 16 (31%) preferred ICI as their treatment. Eighteen patients (35%) used each treatment alternately and 18 (35%) used sildenafil exclusively. The main reason given by patients for choosing ICI was a better quality of erection (74%). CONCLUSION More patients with ED and using ICI preferred it as their main treatment than was expected, even though they had a good response to oral sildenafil. A better quality of erection with ICI was the reason why experienced patients chose this method, differing from the choice of patients starting treatment for ED.
- Published
- 2003
50. Modified chain‐code‐based object recognition
- Author
-
Soon-Ja Kim and Daeha Lee
- Subjects
Systematic code ,Chain code ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition ,Feature (machine learning) ,Computer vision ,Artificial intelligence ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Object (computer science) ,business ,Algorithm ,Data compression - Abstract
Chain code, a data compression technique, has been widely used to encode the contour information of an object or gesture. Although this chain code is effective for data compression, it is impossible to avoid the duplication of borders. That is, even though they represent different objects, the encoding results can be made similar. The vector chain code (VCC), which contains the direction and distance information to solve the problems of the existing chain code is proposed. Also, the integrated VCC is composed of internal and external class-based VCCs to support the encoding of objects that have multiple feature points. Experiments demonstrate that the proposed VCC achieves an improved recognition rate in comparison to that achieved by the existing chain code.
- Published
- 2015
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