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Copyright of eHumanista is the property of Professor Antonio Cortijo-Ocana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este artigo analisa, através de pesquisa bibliográfica e documental, a influência e difusão do pensamento humanista ibérico, representado pela Escola de Salamanca, na formação de uma cultura política republicana na América portuguesa baseada nas ideias de liberdade Política e de direito do povo à resistência. A circulação das Ideias humanistas latentes na Europa moderna atravessa o Atlântico e projeta-se em solo mineiro no século XVIII, através da ação de padres que, ao incentivarem e orientarem os potentados locais nas suas atividades de resistência contra os governadores coloniais, criaram um comportamento participativo para os envolvidos e uma consciência política baseada no direito do povo de impor as suas próprias leis. Essa ideia republicana foi consumada em plena guerra com a eleição popular do governador de Minas, em 1709, quando os vassalos rebeldes deram origem à república dos emboabas, configurada pelo poder civil, e impondo sucessivas rebeliões ao governo local da capitania em meados do século XVIII. Os resultados demonstraram serem os emboabas sujeitos atuantes no espaço colonial, não meros subprodutos de uma relação de poder colonialista.

El artículo estudia el proceso de transformación social de la elite urbana en una ciudad del sur del Duero, Salamanca. El paso de su condición de caballería concejil a auténtica nobleza urbana, con todos los signos propios de esta última -mayorazgo o linajes, entre otros-, y con un perfil de patriciado urbano, constituye un largo proceso histórico. El estudio se centra en las diferentes palancas que entre los siglos XIII y XV se fueron sumando al proceso: la guerra, los privilegios regios, la formación de linajes, el control del gobierno urbano o un régimen de propiedad de la tierra y de aprovechamientos que les otorgaba ventajas diferenciales frente a los demás habitantes

En homenaje al 400 aniversario de la muerte del músico y docente Sebastián de Vivanco, se reivindicará su figura completando algunos datos biográficos y de su labor en torno a su etapa fundamental en Salamanca; una ciudad que venía de experimentar un pleno desarrollo cultural y educativo, sobre todo al calor de su universidad, y a la que en el área musical se unía la catedral para crear un escenario superlativo que estaría liderado en los dos ámbitos por el maestro. De tal forma, desarrollaremos un apartado sobre sus últimos años de vida para luego profundizar en su magisterio, así como en otros aspectos, en diferentes contextos y espacios. Esto nos permitirá saber algo más sobre el devenir tanto de las enseñanzas musicales como de la propia época y dará pie a pensar en Vivanco como el último referente de un extraordinario periodo cuyo declive también se refleja en esta disciplina.

Mining and quarrying were important economic activities in Europe in past centuries, but during the 20th century, raw materials became vital to societal development. Mining has been subject to fluctuations related to wars, economic crises, and advances in environmental rights. A series of events led some European countries, such as Spain, to assume a leading position in the market for certain raw materials, such as tungsten. However, most of Europe’s mines have been abandoned. This paper considers several postindustrial heritage sites that can used to illustrate how metal and stone were extracted in past centuries. Such sites have become a tourist attraction in the context of heritage in some countries. This area in western Spain, which contains ancestral quarries that helped build the architectural heritage of UNESCO World Heritage Cities and artisanal mines that contributed to building the economy of an extremely poor population, has a story to tell. All these mines and quarries can be used to explain the cultural heritage of the area as part of a postindustrial heritage landscape.

Mining and quarrying were important economic activities in Europe in past centuries, but during the 20th century, raw materials became vital to societal development. Mining has been subject to fluctuations related to wars, economic crises, and advances in environmental rights. A series of events led some European countries, such as Spain, to assume a leading position in the market for certain raw materials, such as tungsten. However, most of Europe's mines have been abandoned. This paper considers several postindustrial heritage sites that can used to illustrate how metal and stone were extracted in past centuries. Such sites have become a tourist attraction in the context of heritage in some countries. This area in western Spain, which contains ancestral quarries that helped build the architectural heritage of UNESCO World Heritage Cities and artisanal mines that contributed to building the economy of an extremely poor population, has a story to tell. All these mines and quarries can be used to explain the cultural heritage of the area as part of a postindustrial heritage landscape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Los sepulcros de la familia Santisteban en la iglesia de San Martín en Salamanca son otro de los numerosos y notables ejemplos de escultura funeraria en el ocaso de la Edad Medieval. Su estudio, que ha sido planteado de una manera más general que exhaustiva, contaba con múltiples lagunas interpretativas que han impedido trascender lo iconográfico. Por ello, haciendo de la imagen un objeto en su totalidad, se transita desde distintas perspectivas metodológicas para completar las descripciones iconográficas, los modos de visualización, el posible ritual funerario y el poder aún latente de las imágenes. Todo ello con el fin de otorgar al lector una visión más ajustada a la realidad. El cambio de enfoque muestra la importancia del conjunto funerario como foco esencial para la trasmisión de la memoria, del poder y el ideal de muerte en la ciudad a orillas de Tormes.

En 1811 el ejército francés se retiró Portugal dejando aislada la fortaleza de Almeida. Al intentar aprovisionarla con un convoy de víveres se produjo la batalla de Fuentes de Oñoro, en la que tanto ingleses como franceses sufrieron abundantes bajas. Este artículo da a conocer un conjunto singular de materiales metálicos, de origen francés, documentados a unos 10 km del escenario de la lucha. Las fuentes bibliográficas han permitido asociar estos restos con una de las divisiones del IX Cuerpo de Ejército francés, el cual tuvo una intensa participación en dicho episodio bélico. ABSTRACT: The third invasion of Portugal by Marshal Massena’s army was stopped at the Torres-Vedras line, raised by Wellington to protect Lisbon and the mouth of the Tagus. In March 1811, Massena began the retreat of his forces towards Spanish territory, closely pursued by the allies. On April 4 the Napoleonic army crossed the Spanish border leaving behind the fortress of Almeida whose garrison of 1300 men was isolated with numerous cannons and ammunition but without food. Wellington blocked Almeida to surrender it by starvation. On May 3, when trying to supply it with a big convoy, the battle of Fuentes de Oñoro took place, in which both English and French suffered numerous casualties. The convoy did not reach its destination and Almeida had to be abandoned. In order to document the war activity that occurred in Gallegos de Argañán, in 2017 we initiated a research project based on intensive metal detector prospecting of large areas of that municipality. In this article we report an interesting set of metal finds documented in the summer of 2022, just 10 km from Fuentes de Oñoro. In addition to abundant unfired projectiles of French caliber, several singular objects such as buckles or uniform buttons have been found. All this has allowed associating these findings with an area where one of the French divisions of the IX Army Corps bivouacked. The bibliographic sources indicate that these troops had an intense participation in the battle of Fuentes de Oñoro. Once again, the battlefield archaeology, contributes new lights for the knowledge of decisive historical events.

O estudo faz o ponto relativamente à existência de uma eventual “escola de Coimbra” (séculos XVI-XVIII), de âmbito filosófico, para o que começa por incidir nas produções teóricas – a história – que podem contribuir para o esclarecimento da questão, enumera algumas das linhas dessas produções e da eventual escola – tendências – e enuncia alguns problemas que criam dificuldades à identidade discutida.

Copyright of Studia Histórica: Historia Moderna is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El estamento pechero, es decir el pueblo no privilegiado, en este caso de los concejos de la cuenca meridional del Duero, sostuvo ideas y actitudes específicas en torno a la propiedad agraria, los mercados, la organización social y el régimen político concejil. Sus puntos de vista se oponían a los de sus antagonistas, esto es, los miembros de las elites urbanas caballerescas. Se analizan aquí los diferentes factores que en los siglos XIII al XV facilitaron la generación de un ideario propio: factores ligados a la estructura jurídico-política, ideas que circulaban en la época, intereses y posibilidades del mundo agrario, usos comunales, experiencias vividas y aspectos simbólicos de las relaciones intergrupales.

Copyright of En la España Medieval is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Investigación Lingüística is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este trabajo se concentra en una cueva con arte rupestre ubicada en la provincia de Catamarca del noroeste argentino. Pero dicho abrigo rocoso es mucho más que un sitio arqueológico; también es una potente salamanca, evento/lugar de adquisición de dones extraordinarios mediante pactos diabólicos. Frente a este caso de estudio paradigmático, nos preguntamos: ¿es posible conservar una salamanca? A partir de dicho interrogante y de nuestra particular experiencia al visitar la cueva, este trabajo tiene como objetivo discutir y reflexionar sobre los alcances, tensiones y disputas en torno a las nociones de patrimonio y conservación, pero también sobre las afectaciones en el trabajo de campo. ¿Cómo deberíamos actuar, en tanto arqueologxs, frente a las implicancias legales de proteger el “sitio arqueológico”? ¿Es posible conciliar dichas acciones de conservación/restauración con los usos actuales de la cueva? ¿En qué medida el abrigo es solo un “sitio arqueológico”? Enredadxs en estas preguntas, a lo largo de este ensayo presentamos algunos puntos problemáticos en donde se anudan la conservación, la arqueología y los usos locales del patrimonio.

Copyright of Anuario Musical is the property of Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro is the property of Hipogrifo: revista de literatura y cultura del siglo de oro and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Martín de Cervera’s paintings on the doors of the University of Salamanca’s archive, located in 1613 in the Casa del Bedel, conform a rich intervisual message trasferred to different modal records: narrative emblematic, heraldic, allegorical and epigraphic. The paintings testimony audiences and teaching practices in the chairs of Law and Theology, university norms and disputes, in a representation that modulate the sigilar record of the sixteenth century Estudio, reinforcing its monarchical promotion. Translated into a narrative model, this seal underlines the secret nature of the archive and warns of the inviolability of the documents in it, during the ceremonial opening of the furniture that, when is closed, seals -real and metaphorically- with this stamp, the place where the matrix of the seal is guarded. It is an essential figurative document in the construction of the institutional university account.

Este artículo está dedicado al estudio de un conjunto de proyectiles esféricos localizados en el municipio salmantino de Gallegos de Argañán, muy cerca de la frontera portuguesa. Muchos de ellos presentan severas deformaciones que alteran completamente su forma original y hacen necesario recurrir a medios indirectos para conocer su diámetro. Las características físicas que presentan estos objetos, su distribución espacial sobre el terreno junto con otros objetos metálicos asociados y las noticias que aportan las fuentes históricas, indican que estos proyectiles podrían estar vinculados con un episodio de adiestramiento militar, realizado por tropas que usaban armamento inglés entre 1810 y 1813. ABSTRACT: Due to its location on one of the main routes of communication with the Portuguese border, the province of Salamanca was, during the Peninsular War, witness to the transit and accommodation of thousands of soldiers as well as the scene of countless episodes of war. Some of them have been widely studied due to the enormous carnage they caused, such as the two sieges of Ciudad Rodrigo or the battles of Fuentes de Oñoro and Arapiles. Other events were almost ignored because, compared to the previous ones, they were only brief combats with far fewer victims. In order to try to document some of these minor episodes we started in 2017 an archaeological research project, based on intensive metal detector prospecting of large areas of the municipality of Gallegos de Argañán. The numerous findings that we have documented during the three phases already executed are providing new data on this intense historical period. However, not all the finds come from combats. The location of camps and guard posts, the movement of the units along the roads and their close relationship with the local people led to the loss of numerous small material remains. This article is devoted to the study of a set of musket balls. Many of them present severe deformations that have completely altered their original shape. In order to identify them correctly, it is necessary to resort to indirect means. We consider that due to their physical characteristics, their spatial distribution on the ground forming three clearly defined groupings, their association with other metallic materials and also the information provided by historical sources, it seems very likely that these projectiles were linked to an episode of military training. An act of instruction firing, carried out by troops using English weaponry and which took place between 1810 and 1813.

Copyright of Pasos: Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural is the property of Universidad de La Laguna, Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Politicas y Sociales and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Manuscript surveys, digitization efforts, database building: all have been pursued in the past fifteen years at the Centre for the Study of the Sociology and Aesthetics of Music (CESEM) in Lisbon's Universidade Nova. In so doing, the materiality of medieval and Renaissance codices has been both confronted and abstracted from. Digital tools have been used to expand the reach of past methodologies, but research has also been transformed by their power and ubiquity. This paper will contrast the situation before and after 2010, addressing the ways in which Lisbon-based research on music-related codices and fragments has furthered awareness of their characteristics. The manuscripts referred to include the Ajuda songbook, the Cantigas de Santa Maria codices, and, among the many manuscripts included in the Portuguese Early Music database, the twelfth-century plenary Missal in the Salamanca University Library. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cardao-Pito (2020) critically reviewed Donleavy's (2019) article on the origins of the use of the word 'fair' in fair value accounting. This article is a rejoinder to the criticisms in that review. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

En 2018 se ejecutó la II Fase del proyecto de investigación Campos de Batalla en Gallegos de Argañán, Salamanca, ss. XVII – XIX, basada en la prospección intensiva de grandes áreas mediante detector de metales. Se han documentado varios miles de objetos metálicos y en concreto, una gran concentración de proyectiles esféricos en torno al puente de Marialba. La investigación histórica ha permitido vincular esos hallazgos con un episodio ocurrido entre tropas británicas y francesas, el 23 de abril de 1811, poco antes de la batalla de Fuentes de Oñoro. Las concentraciones de disparos de diferentes calibres permiten identificar los emplazamientos de las tropas sobre ambas orillas. Al mismo tiempo, los diferentes grados de deformación que presentan los proyectiles podrían ser indicadores de la distancia a la que se realizaron los disparos y por consiguiente, de la intensidad de la lucha en cada lugar.

A mediados del sigl XVII, en la comunidad sefardita de Ámsterdam se conocieron el joven Spinoza y el médico Juan de Prado. Israël S. Révah consideró el encuentro como el impulso inicial a una ruptura. Según el investigador francés, el cristiano nuevo Prado decisivamente influenció al futuro filósofo holandés y provocó el paso de este a la heterodoxia. Además, Révah en el criptojudaísmo ibérico vio los «orígenes de la ruptura spinoziana», tanto más cuanto que descubrió que estaba involucrado en el asunto un tercer hombre. Este Juan Piñero, que asimismo tenía un trasfondo judío, según un testimonio de la época a su vez empujó a Juan de Prado a la heterodoxia. Solo unas recientes investigaciones permiten la reconstrucción parcial de su vida extraordinaria, que refleja la crisis intelectual de ciertos círculos académicos en la España del siglo XVII.

A lo largo de la historia existe constancia de una estrecha relación del cerdo ibérico con las tierras salmantinas que ha generado un amplio legado. Esta simbiosis, ha dejado en herencia un modelo de explotación sostenible del terreno forestal en forma de monte hueco o dehesa y un saber hacer en la elaboración de los embutidos. El objetivo del estudio consiste en mostrar el potencial turístico que tiene la puesta en valor de la cultura tangible e intangible derivada del manejo en el territorio y del curado de los derivados del cerdo ibérico. Para el análisis territorial hemos utilizado diversas fuentes primarias y el trabajo de campo con la ayuda de herramientas para el tratamiento de datos y la representación cartográfica. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que el cerdo ibérico se ha erigido en un recurso actual en el marco de la modalidad de turismo gastronómico con variadas ofertas (visita a museos, instalaciones y dehesas, degustaciones o ferias).

Copyright of Spal: Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla is the property of Spal. Revista de Prehistoria y Arqueologia de la Universidad de Sevilla and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre is the property of Runa: Archivo para las Ciencias del Hombre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Numismática Hécate is the property of Revista Numismatica Hecate and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Martín de Azpilcueta and his fellow Spanish Scholastics writing and teaching at the University of Salamanca during Spain’s Golden Age are rightly pointed to by historians of economic thought as being major contributors toward, if not outright founders of modern economic theory. Among these is the theory of time-preference for which Azpilcueta has repeatedly been given the credit for discovering. However, this discovery is a curious one given how the same man, Azpilcueta, condemned usury in general during his whole life. If Azpilcueta did in fact discover this theory and fully understand its implications, we would reasonably expect him to have questioned his support for the ban on charging an interest on a loan. This paper, therefore, challenges the claim that Azpilcueta understood and revived time-preference theory and shows how his understanding was much more nuanced, and, at times, inconsistent.

En el presente artículo estudio dos textos producidos durante la década de 1530, determinantes en la elaboración del discurso colonial sobre la conversión americana: el De unico vocationis modo de Bartolomé de las Casas (1534-37) y la Información en derecho (1535) de Vasco de Quiroga. Me propongo analizar las modulaciones discursivas que adopta la heterogeneidad del sujeto evangelizable americano en relación con la tradición jurídico-teológica preconizada por los estudios salmantinos. Considero las imágenes del indio hecho de cera y del ciego que debe ser guiado fundamentan el diseño de los métodos evangelizadores de Quiroga y Las Casas, en los cuales la diferencia socio-cultural indiana se adscribe a la figura del neófito, propia del andamiaje canónico europeo.