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This work focuses on the structural and electrical properties of CaMn1−xFexO3−0.5x (x = 0.0 and 0.20) perovskite compounds prepared using the ceramic method. XRD patterns confirm the formation of the orthorhombic structure with Pnma space group for the samples, and Rietveld method was used to estimate their different structural parameters. Refinement results show that the cell parameters and unit cell volume increase with increasing Fe content. The complex impedance spectroscopy technique was used to investigate the frequency and temperature dependence of electrical conductance and electrical impedance. The total conductance curves of the sample are found to obey Jonscher power law GT(ω) = Gdc + Gac = Gdc + Aωn with an increase in frequency exponent (n) as temperature increases. Electrical impedance results show the presence of the electrical relaxation phenomenon for the samples. The activation energy deduced from the analysis of the conductance curves matches very well with the value estimated from the relaxation time, indicating that relaxation process and electrical conductivity are attributed to the same defect. The Nyquist representations have been analyzed using a proposed electrical circuit, and the results show that the grain boundary contribution is responsible to the conduction mechanism of the prepared samples.

Almond shell is a major waste from the almond processing industry. Its feasibility as natural source of health-promoting components was examined. The by-product was fractionated under basic conditions following an easy scale-up process. The chemical composition of the recovered fraction and its antioxidant and antidiabetic properties were evaluated. Novel information regarding the chemical composition of the polysaccharides was also obtained. Almond shell is formed by lignin-carbohydrate complexes possessing antioxidant properties and capacity to inhibit α-glucosidase. According to our knowledge, this is the first time α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of a lignin-carbohydrate complex is reported. Biscuits containing non-caloric sweetener soluble (2.5%) and insoluble (5.6%) dietary fiber, natural antioxidants (1.34 mg of gallic acid equivalents/g) and α-glucosidase inhibitors (1 g of biscuit–1 mg of acarbose) achieved a high sensorial score (7.2 out of 9) when almond shell was incorporated to them. The application of a fraction from almond shell containing lignin-polysaccharides complexes as food ingredient in biscuit formulations for people with particular nutritional requirements is feasible and new., The present research was funded by AGL2014-57239-R project and The Ministry of Higher Education And Scientifc Research, Tunisia. Martinez-Saez, N. thanks the Autonomous University of Madrid (U.A.M) for her FPI-predoc fellowship.

The present study aimed to explore the ability of vanillin to ameliorate the adverse effects induced by potassium bromate (KBrO3) in the renal tissue. Our results showed a significant increase in hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion, malondialdehyde, advanced oxidation protein product and protein carbonyl levels in the kidney of KBrO3 treated mice, compared with the control group. Nephrotoxicity was evidenced by a decrease in plasma uric acid and kidney glutathione levels, Na+-K+-ATPase, lactate dehydrogenase and catalase activities. Additionally, creatinine and urea levels significantly increased in the plasma and declined in the urine. Also, Kidney glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, metallothionein (MT1 and MT2) mRNA expression remarkably increased. These modifications in biochemical and molecular values were substantiated by histopathological data. Co-treatment with vanillin restored these parameters to near control values. Interestingly, vanillin proved to possess, in vitro, a stronger scavenging radical activity than vitamin C and Trolox. Thus, vanillin inhibited KBrO3-induced damage via its antioxidant and antiradical activities as well as its capacity to protect genes expression and histopathological changes.

In this paper, the chemical composition of different solvent extracts from Ruta chalepensis L. was determined and their antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were evaluated. Indeed, the total phenol, flavonoids, ortho-diphenols, tannin and flavonols contents of these extracts were quantified, with a total phenolic content varying from 120.57 to 178.00 mg Gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry extract. The chemical analysis of the composition of these R. chalepensis L. extracts has shown a high content of coumarins and alkaloid compounds. Besides, their antioxidant activities were examined using various in vitro assays: DPPH radical scavenging, β-carotene bleaching method, reducing power and quantification of the total antioxidant capacity. The obtained results have confirmed that the ethanol extract exhibits the most potent antioxidant effect, followed by methanol and methanol/water (1/1) extracts. Furthermore, the ethanol, methanol, methanol/water (1/1) and ethyl acetate extracts were found to have an antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram negative strains.

Chronic exposure to potassium bromate (KBrO3 ), a toxic halogen existing widely in the environment, environment through contaminated drinking water, has become a global problem of public health. The present study investigates the protective role of vanillin against KBrO3 induced oxidative stress, distruption in inflammatory cytokines expression, DNA damage, and histopathological changes. Adult mice were exposed orally to KBrO3 (2g/L of drinking water) for 2 weeks The co-administration of vanillin to the KBrO3 -treated mice significantly prevented the plasma transaminases increase in. Furthermore, it inhibited hepatic lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), advanced oxidation protein product (AOPP) and protein carbonyl (PCO) formation and attenuated the KBrO3 -mediated depletion of enzymatic and non enzymatic antioxidants catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and glutathione level in the liver. In addition, vanillin markedly attenuated the expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, and COX2 and prevented KBrO3 -induced hepatic cell alteration and necrosis, as indicated by histopathological data. DNA damage, as assessed by the alkaline comet assay, was also found to be low in the co-treated group. Thus, these findings show that vanillin acts as potent chemopreventive agent against KBrO3 -mediated liver oxidative stress and genotoxicity through its antioxidant properties. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1796-1807, 2016.

The light-promoted potential of ortho-azidocinnamoyl compounds is evaluated for heterocycle synthesis. Depending on the nature of the solvent, 2-acylated indoles were obtained under aprotic conditions, whereas the use of a protic medium led to 2-substituted quinolines. The synthetic significance of this metal-free method is that, by simply changing the solvent, the reaction outcome can be directed towards different key heterocyclic scaffolds.

Context: Vanillin is known to possess important antioxidant activity. Objective: The current study was conducted to establish the therapeutic efficiency of vanillin against potassium bromate (KBrO3)-induced depression-like behavior and oxidative stress in mice. Material and methods: Mice were exposed during 15 days either to potassium bromate (KBrO3), KBrO3+ vanillin or to only vanillin. Results: Our results revealed a significant modification in the fatty acid composition of the KBrO3-treated mice. In addition, KBrO3 induced a significant reduction in enzymatic activities and gene expressions, Na+ –K+ and Mg2+-ATPases, acetylcholinesterase and butylcholinesterase activities. The gene expression of tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, interleukin-6 and COX2, significantly increased in the cerebrum of KBrO3-treated group. Histopathological observations were consistent with these effects. Co-treatment with vanillin significantly attenuated KBrO3-induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Conclu...

Resume Les encephalomyelites aigues disseminees (ADEM) representent l’etiologie la plus frequente des encephalites virales aigues. Elles sont de presentation clinique variable. L’imagerie, et en particulier l’IRM, joue un role important dans le diagnostic positif et precoce. A travers une etude retrospective des dossiers de 21 patients presentant une ADEM, nous avons decrit les differentes presentations radiologiques de cette pathologie et nous avons demontre une correlation statistique entre certains facteurs retrouves en imagerie et un mauvais pronostic.

The extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas of maxillofacial soft tissues are rare. We report two cases of maxillofacial soft tissue non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chemotherapy followed by localized radiotherapy with complete remission after 3 and 6 months. We study the clinical, radiological and histopathological features as well as the treatment and the prognosis of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas maxillofacial muscles.

The present investigation was conducted to evaluate the relative and absolute reliability and the minimal detectable change (MDC95% of the karate specific aerobic test (KSAT) in male karate athletes. Sixteen subjects (age: 22.2±3.7 years, height: 175.7±6.7 cm, body mass: 72.7±7.2 kg and karate experience: 9.2±4.5 years) participated in this study and performed the KSAT twice (test-retest). Reliability of time to exhaustion (TE) was very good, with intraclass correlation coefficient ICC(3.1)>0.90, standard errors of measurement SEM0.05). Effect size for all variables was dz≤0.2, rated as trivial. Thus, when using the present test as a measure of aerobic fitness, a change greater than 9.4%(81.42 s) is necessary to be confident (at the 95% level) that the change in time to exhaustion reflects improvement and exceeds the measurement error. The KSAT is a reliable tool that can be used by practitioners for assessing aerobic fitness in experienced karate athletes.

Introduction Le rhabdomyosarcome represente le sarcome des tissus mous le plus frequent au cours des deux premieres decades. Il siege essentiellement au niveau de la tete et du cou et touche rarement le thorax et exceptionnellement la plevre. Sept cas de rhabdomyosarcome pleural ont ete rapportes dans la litterature. Nous en rapportons un cas particulier par sa presentation clinique et son siege inhabituels. Nous discutons les aspects cliniques, le traitement et le pronostic de cette localisation. Observation Nous rapportons un cas de rhabdomyosarcome embryonnaire primitif pleural chez un garcon de 21 mois. Notre observation etait caracterisee par une histoire de pneumothorax spontane recidivant, avec un scanner thoracique initial montrant uniquement le decollement pleural. Les cellules tumorales retrouvees fortuitement lors d’une biopsie pleurale systematique ont permis de porter le diagnostic. Leur nature rhabdomyoblastique a ete confirmee grâce a l’immunomarquage par myoD1 et desmine. Le bilan d’extension etait negatif. Malgre la chimiotherapie, la tumeur a augmente rapidement de taille et le nourrisson est decede dans un tableau d’insuffisance respiratoire aigue. Conclusion Le rhabdomyosarcome thoracique est rare et reste longtemps asymptomatique. Sa prise en charge est encore controversee. Son pronostic est generalement plus sombre que celui des autres localisations.

Les tumeurs a cellules de la granulosa juvenile de l’ovaire sont des tumeurs rares qui representent moins de 5 % des tumeurs ovariennes de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, la majorite de ces tumeurs sont diagnostiquees au stade I (FIGO) avec un pronostic favorable. Le but de ce travail est de presenter les caracteristiques anatomocliniques et therapeutiques de cette tumeur particuliere. Les auteurs rapportent deux observations de tumeur a cellules de la granulosa juvenile touchant deux femmes jeunes de 30 et 35 ans, operees pour une douleur abdominale inexpliquee associee a des metrorragies. La tumeur etait localisee a l’ovaire dans un cas, la seconde patiente presentait une tumeur ovarienne bilaterale avec carcinose peritoneale au moment du diagnostic, cette derniere avait presente une recidive avec metastase hepatique precoce malgre un traitement chirurgical radical suivi de chimiotherapie; en revanche, la premiere a bien evolue apres un recul de deux ans. Differents facteurs pronostiques de la tumeur a cellules de la granulosa juvenile de l’ovaire sont a l’etude, le traitement est chirurgical. Dans les formes metastatiques et recidivantes, la recherche de meilleurs schemas de chimiotherapie doit se poursuivre.

La malformation adenomatoide kystique congenitale (MAKC) est une anomalie congenitale du developpement pulmonaire, representant environ 25 % des lesions congenitales du poumon. Souvent, une detresse respiratoire survient au cours de la periode neonatale, et dans 80 a 85 % des cas, le diagnostic se fait avant l’âge de 2 ans suite a des infections respiratoires. La MAKC est rarement decouverte a l’âge adulte. Nous rapportons 3 cas de MAKC diagnostiquee a l’âge adulte. Le diagnostic etait base sur des elements cliniques et radiologiques dans un cas. Les deux autres etaient diagnostiques a l’etude histologique. La lesion se localisait dans le poumon droit dans 2 cas et dans le poumon gauche chez un patient. Nos patients ont subi une resection chirurgicale. L’examen histologique confirmait le diagnostic de MAKC de type 1 selon Stocker, sans signe de malignite. L’evolution postoperatoire etait bonne. La decouverte tardive de la MAKC a l’adolescence voire a l’âge adulte doit etre reconnue par les cliniciens et les pathologistes. Le diagnostic clinique fortement oriente par l’approche radiologique est confirme par l’anatomie pathologique dans la mesure ou la sanction therapeutique est chirurgicale dans la majorite des cas.

Introduction La survenue de recidive de la retinochoroidite toxoplasmique est un des principaux problemes dans la prise en charge de la toxoplasmose oculaire. Par consequent, plusieurs etudes ont ete menees dans le but de determiner le meilleur protocole therapeutique permettant de pallier a ce probleme. Cette etude a pour objectif de demontrer l’innocuite et l’efficacite du protocole clindamycine-corticoide et d’evaluer le taux de recurrence avec ce traitement. Patients et methodes Cette etude portait sur 21 cas presentant une retinochoroidite toxoplasmique active. Les patients etaient recenses dans le service d’ophtalmologie de 1995 a 2000. Il s’agissait de 10 hommes et 11 femmes d’âge moyen 28 ans. Tous les patients avaient suivi le protocole clindamycine en sous-conjonctival, associe a une corticotherapie par voie orale a raison de 1 mg/kg/j. La surveillance au cours du suivi etait essentiellement clinique, basee sur l’evaluation de l’acuite visuelle et l’examen biomicroscopique du fond d’œil, completee par une angiographie retinienne en cas de besoin. Resultats Le suivi moyen etait de 22 mois, allant de 6 a 52 mois. Le traitement a base de clindamycine-corticoide avait permis d’obtenir une amelioration subjective de l’acuite visuelle au cours des 4 premiers jours dans 68,75 % des cas et une cicatrisation des foyers chorioretiniens dans tous les cas dans un delai moyen de 1,6 mois. Une recurrence etait observee dans uniquement 2 cas (9 %). Elle avait eu lieu au cours des 18 premiers mois. La tolerance de ces injections etait bonne. Nous avions recense uniquement un cas d’erosion corneo-conjonctivale et un cas de necrose conjonctivale rapidement resolutive. Conclusion Le protocole clindamycine-corticoide a permis d’obtenir de bons resultats avec une bonne tolerance. Il a permis egalement de reduire le taux de recurrence par rapport aux protocoles classiques (pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine-azithromycine) ou un taux de recurrence de 50 % a ete rapporte. Ces resultats devront etre confirmes lors de larges etudes randomisees.

Resume L’hydatidose cardiaque est rare. Elle represente 0,5 a 2 % de l’ensemble des localisations hydatiques. Nous rapportons l’observation d’un enfant âge de 13 ans presentant un kyste hydatique du septum interauriculaire complique d’une embolie pulmonaire hydatique. L’echocardiographie, le scanner thoracique et la serologie hydatique confirmaient le diagnostic. Une resection chirurgicale des kystes etait realisee avec une bonne evolution apres un recul de 15 mois. Notre observation souligne la necessite d’un diagnostic et d’une prise en charge rapide du kyste hydatique du cœur avant la survenue des complications. L’objectif de cette etude etait de rappeler les principales caracteristiques clinicoradiologiques et evolutives de cette pathologie rare et grave.

Chemical preparation and main crystallographic, calorimetric, dielectric and structural features are given for a new monophosphate. β-NH3(CH2)2NH3HPO4 salt is monoclinic P21/c with unit cell dimensions a = 10.189(2); b = 7.881(1); c = 8.021(1) A ; β = 92.11(1)°; Z = 4; Dm = 1.604 Mg m−3; Dx = 1.632 Mg m−3; μ = 1.945 mm−1; F(000) = 336; T = 298 K; R = 0.044 and Rw 0.047 for 1773 observed reflexions. The examination of the structure shows a layer arrangement; planes of HPO42− alternate with planes of [(CH2)2(NH3)2]2+. These planes are linked together through hydrogen bonds. Physical measurements carried out at high temperature show clearly that the β variety presents calorimetric and dielectric behaviours different from those observed for the α variety.

The extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas of maxillofacial soft tissues are rare. We report two cases of maxillofacial soft tissue non-Hodgkin lymphoma treated with chemotherapy followed by localized radiotherapy with complete remission after 3 and 6 months. We study the clinical, radiological and histopathological features as well as the treatment and the prognosis of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphomas maxillofacial muscles.

OBJECTIVE Testicular differentiation can occur in the absence of the Y chromosome giving XX sex-reversed males. Although Y chromosomal sequences can be detected in the majority of male subjects with a 46,XX karyotype, several studies have shown that approximately 10% of patients lack Y material including the SRY gene. The aim of this study was to see if the classification of XX sex-reversed individuals into three groups, Y-DNA-positive phenotypically normal XX males, Y-DNA-negative XX males with genital ambiguities and Y-DNA-negative true hermaphrodites can be applied to our cases. DESIGN Endocrinological and genetic studies were conducted in 20 XX sex-reversed patients. PATIENTS Twenty patients with various phenotypes were studied. They were between 20 days and 35 years old. Ten presented ambiguous external genitalia (Prader's stages II to IV). After laparotomy or gonadal biopsy, the diagnosis was 46,XX true hermaphroditism in five, and XX male in 15. MEASUREMENTS Blood samples were obtained from all patients for hormonal and molecular studies. Basal levels of testosterone, oestradiol and pituitary gonadotrophins were measured by RIA. In addition, two stimulation tests were performed: gonadotrophin stimulation with GnRH and testicular stimulation with hCG. Several Y-specific DNA sequences of the short arm of the Y chromosome were analysed by Southern blot and polymerase chain reaction methods. RESULTS In this study, three categories of XX sex-reversed individuals were observed: phenotypically normal males with or without gynaecomastia, males with genital ambiguities, and true hermaphrodites. Endocrinological data were similar in XX males and in true hermaphrodites. Testosterone levels exhibited normal (n = 9) or decreased (n = 11) values. The hCG response was low. FSH and LH were elevated in 13 patients. Molecular analysis in ten patients showed varying amounts of Y material including the Y boundary and SRY. Ten patients with various phenotypes lacked Y chromosomal DNA. There was no relation between Leydig cell function (as indicated by testosterone levels before or after hCG stimulation) and the presence of Y chromosome material. CONCLUSION Although the presence of Y-specific DNA generally results in a more masculinized phenotype, exceptions do occur. In the Y-DNA-negative group, complete or incomplete masculinization in the absence of SRY suggests a mutation of one or more downstream non-Y, testis-determining genes.

Cardiac hydaticyst is a rare condition and accounts for only 0.5 to 2% of all visceral locations of hydatid disease. The objective of this study was to point out the main clinical, radiological, and disease-course characteristics of this rare and serious pathology. We report a 13-year-old patient with a hydatid pulmonary embolism caused by a hydatid cyst of the interauricular septum. The diagnosis was established by transthoracic echocardiography, thoracic CT scan, and hydatid serology. Surgery was performed without delay and the outcome was good after 15 months of follow-up. This case underlines the need for rapid diagnosis and surgery before complications of cardiac hydatid cyst.

The purpose of this study was to analysis the clinicopathological features of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour extrafollicular and to discuss the diagnosis pitfull. We present two cases diagnosed and followed at the C.H.U. Habib Bourguiba, Sfax. It is about a 15 year-old boy and a 46 year-old woman who presented gingival swelling. The panoramic radiographs showed in both cases, a radiolucent area affecting teeth 23, 24 and 35 respectively. A computed tomography scan, realized at the second cas, demonstrated an expansile lesion with a sclerotic rim. An exploratory surgical approach was chosen and the final diagnosis was microscopically confirmed to be an extrafollicular variant of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour. The patients were healthy and have not shown any signs of recurrence at follow-up. The two cases described illustrate clinical and radiographic features of the extrafollicular variant of adenomatoid odontogenic tumour. Careful diagnostic procedure and adequate interpretation of radiographic findings may result in a correct diagnosis with otherwise may result in unnecessary endodontic treatment.

A 71-year-old man presented with a several year story of a slowly enlarging, painful mass of the knee. Surgical findings showed a subcutaneous, well-circumscribed mass fixed to the patella, and a wide resection was performed. Macroscopically, the tumour measured 6 x 5 x 5 cm and was well circumscribed. The tumour was characterised by superficial location, large size and focal marked atypia. In addition, areas of benign glomus tumour (GT) were identified. The findings appear to be consistent with the diagnosis of GT of uncertain malignant potential.

Rhabdomyosarcoma is the most common soft tissue sarcoma in the first two decades of life. Its most common location is the head and neck. It rarely arises in the thorax including the pleura. There are only 7 previously reported cases in the literature. We report a case of primary pleural rhabdomyosarcoma with an unusual clinical presentation and location. Our aim is to discuss the clinical presentation, treatment and prognosis of this uncommon location of rhabdomyosarcoma.We report a case of primary embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of the pleura in a boy of 21 months. The presentation was characterized by recurrent spontaneous pneumothorax. A computed tomography scan showed only pleural detachment with no evidence of any pleural disease. The malignant cells incidentally found in routine pleural biopsy were the diagnostic clue. The rhabdomyoblastic nature of these cells was confirmed by positive immunostains for myoD1 and desmin. Investigation for metastases was negative. Despite chemotherapy, the tumour quickly increased in size and the infant died from acute respiratory failure.Thoracic rhabdomyosarcoma is rare and remains clinically silent for a long time. Its management is still controversial. Prognosis is generally poor when compared with other locations.

Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation (CCAM) of the lung is a rare congenital developmental abnormality, representing about 25% of all congenital lung lesions. In many cases, respiratory distress occurs during the neonatal period, and in about 80- 85% of patients, CCAM is diagnosed before the age of two years due to respiratory infection. It is very rare that presentation is delayed until adulthood. We report three cases of CCAM presenting in adults. The diagnosis was based on clinical and radiological findings in one case and two patients were not diagnosed until surgery. The lesion was present in the right lung in two and in left lung in one patient. All patients underwent surgical resection. The result of histopathological examination confirmed CCAM Stocker type 1, without malignancy. The post operative follow up showed an excellent recovery. Clinicians and pathologists need to be aware of the fact that CCAM can be present for the first time in adolescents or in adults. The clinical diagnosis is suggested by radiographic findings and is confirmed at pathology as surgery is generally indicated.

Today, vehicles are widespread and traffic is increasing. Therefore road safety is a major problem. To solve traffic problems, special attention is given to develop systems that can reduce the number and severity of road events. Additionally, the spread of wireless communication and mobile devices creates self-organizing networks, which are ad-hoc, that do not require a pre-established infrastructure and provide users with everywhere communication capability and information access. The application of ad-hoc networks for Inter-Vehicle Communications (IVC) is in the focus of various research projects. One research topic in this context is the question of appropriate data traffic models for those networks. This paper is focused on applications and data traffic models suitable for ad-hoc network based IVC. Based on existing and future applications for IVC the constraints for suitable models are developed.

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of subconjunctival injections of clindamycin associated with oral corticotherapy in the treatment of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis (TRC) and its effect on recurrence.This study investigated 21 patients (10 males and 11 females) who presented to an ophthalmological department from 1995 to 2000, aged 14-55 years (mean, 28 years), with unilateral TRC. They were treated with subconjunctival injections of clindamycin and systemic corticotherapy at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day. Clinical follow-up consisted of assessment of visual acuity and biomicroscopic fundus examination, completed by retinal angiography if necessary.We observed clinical improvement in 68.75% of patients within 4 days and in all patients healing of the chorioretinal area within 1.6 months. During the follow-up period ranging from 6 to 52 months (mean, 22 months), there have been two recurrences (9%) over the first 18 months. Tolerance of the injections was good. Serious side effects were noted in two patients: one case of conjunctival necrosis and one case of corneal and conjunctival erosion.In treating ocular toxoplasmosis, clindamycin appears to be a safe and effective substitute for the classic protocol (pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine, pyrimethamine-azithromycin), for which a 50% recurrence rate has been reported. It provides relatively good protection against recurrence and warrants testing in further controlled studies.

During mammalian embryogenesis, the presence of the SRY gene determines the bipotential gonad to develop as a testis. 46,XY sex reversal has been described in man. It is associated with an essentially female phenotype and a streak gonad. In a collaborative study, we analysed 36 patients with a 46,XY sex reversal. The testis determining region of the Y chromosome was analysed by Southern blotting and by DGGE analysis of the SRY open reading frame (orf). We found a total of 7 mutations in the testis determining region including the SRY gene. This brings to 19 the total number of mutations in SRY associated with sex reversal. No relationship was found between the SRY status and the presence or absence of gonadoblastoma. However, a correlation was observed between the SRY genotype and the histology of the gonad. A mutant in SRY is associated with a completely dysgenetic gonad. The presence of immature testicular tubules is usually observed when SRY is normal. These latter results suggest the existence of as yet unidentified testis determining genes.

Objectifs Illustrer l’aspect en imagerie des sacro-iliites infectieuses et montrer l’interet de l’imagerie en coupes dans l’orientation vers l’origine infectieuse d’une sacro-iliite. Materiels et methodes Etude retrospective de 18 patients colliges entre 1997 et 2008. Tous les patients ont eu des radiographies, 13 une TDM et 8 une IRM. Resultats II s’agit de 10 hommes et 8 femmes, avec un âge moyen de 32 ans. L’atteinte etait unilaterale dans tous les cas. Les radiographies etaient suggestives d’une sacro-iliite dans 13 cas et normales dans 5 cas. La TDM a montre, un abces des parties molles dans 8 cas et un sequestre osseux dans 2 cas de tuberculose. L’IRM a objective dans tous les cas une infiltration des parties molles et un abces dans 3 cas. Le germe a ete identifie dans 9 cas (3 cas de tuberculose, 3 cas de brucellose, 2 sacro-iliites a pyogene et un cas de candidose), par biopsie dans 3 cas, hemocultures dans 2 cas, prelevement a la porte d’entree dans 1 cas et serodiagnostic dans 3 cas. Le diagnostic de sacro-iliite a pyogene a ete retenu sur des arguments cliniques et biologiques pour les autres cas. Conclusion L’imagerie joue un role primordial dans le diagnostic et l’orientation etiologique d’une sacro-iliite infectieuse.

But Decrire les aspects cliniques, biologiques et radiologiques de l’hypophysite auto-immune revelee par une baisse brutale de l’acuite visuelle. Materiels et Methodes Cas clinique. Observation Mme H.M âgee de 27 ans, au troisieme trimestre de sa grossesse, presente une baisse brutale de l’acuite visuelle (AV) de l’œil gauche. L’examen retrouve une vision a 10/10 œil droit, 4/10 œil gauche, un fond d’œil normal, et un scotome central gauche au champ visuel. Le diagnostic de nevrite optique retrobulbaire est alors evoque. L’evolution est marquee par une aggravation des symptomes et, 3 jours avant son accouchement, l’acuite visuelle n’est plus que de 1/10 a gauche et toujours 10/10 a droite. Le scotome gauche est devenu plus large, avec apparition d’une exclusion de la tache aveugle a l’œil droit. L’IRM faite apres l’accouchement objective un volumineux processus expansif hypophysaire intra et suprasellaire d’aspect homogene sans remaniement necrotique ni hemorragique venant en contact du chiasma et le comprimant de maniere plus marquee a gauche. Le bilan hormonal pratique est strictement normal en dehors d’une hyper-prolactinemie liee a l’allaitement. L’IRM de controle pratiquee a 3 semaines, ne montre pas de modification du signal ni du volume de la masse hypophysaire. L’evolution spontanee est marquee par une recuperation visuelle totale et une normalisation du champ visuel. Le diagnostic d’hypophysite auto-immune etait alors retenu, et le traitement se limitait a la simple surveillance en raison de l’amelioration clinique observee. Discussion L’hypophysite auto-immune encore appelee hypophysite lymphocytaire est une maladie auto-immune rare qui survient habituellement chez des femmes en âge de procreer et dont la presentation clinique est celle d’un hypopituitarisme et d’une masse sellaire. Le traitement a pour but de lever la compression chiasmatique. Il peut etre medical faisant appel a la corticotherapie, ou chirurgical. Conclusion L’hypophysite auto-immune est une entite clinique de mieux en mieux connue. Elle doit etre evoquee dans le diagnostic etiologique des syndromes chiasmatiques chez la femme jeune.