1,290 results on '"Millennium Development Goals (Report)"'
Search Results
2. STRENGTHENING HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS: PRIVATE FOR-PROFIT COMPANIES' CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY ENGAGEMENTS
- Author
-
Katamba, David
- Subjects
Procter & Gamble Co. ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Physical fitness -- Social aspects ,Sustainable urban development -- Social aspects ,Corporate social responsibility -- Social aspects ,Cleaning agents industry -- Social aspects ,Business, general ,Business ,Business, international ,United Nations -- Social aspects - Abstract
ABSTRACT This paper contributes to The Post-2015 MDG agenda and the Rio+20 outcome document, The Future We Want, by exploring and providing guiding frameworks for how private for-profit companies (PFPCs) [...]
- Published
- 2017
3. Overcoming obstacles to educational access for Kenyan girls: a qualitative study
- Author
-
Mwaiko, Norah
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Female circumcision -- Social aspects ,Gender equality -- Social aspects ,Women's rights -- Social aspects ,Marriage -- Social aspects ,Data collection -- Social aspects ,Sociology and social work ,Women's issues/gender studies ,United Nations. Children's Fund -- Social aspects - Abstract
Despite the Millennium Development Goals of the United Nations Millennium Project, having its third goal as promoting gender equality and empowering women, and even with all new progress in equality, Kenya is still lagging behind when comparing the educational opportunities of boys and girls. In most cases where cultural beliefs are involved, the girl- child falls victim to violation of her rights, including her rights to education and freedom of expression. Many girls are forced into early marriages, experience Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and sexual exploitation, among many other concerns and at some point they all lead to her inability to achieve her education. The purpose of the study was geared towards exploring the socio- cultural and economic factors and activities that hinder girls from accessing education in Kenya and toward overcoming the obstacles. The research was conducted in Taita Taveta, Nairobi, Kwale and Samburu Counties in Kenya, in different areas within these counties. The study employed qualitative data collection and purposeful Sampling was used to select individuals and sites, involving 72 participants' i.e. students, teachers and principals, community leaders, Government officials and parents. Sampling occurred through a combination of two strategies including snowball and homogenous sampling methods from the various study locations. Focus group interviews, one-on-one interviews were conducted, and students filled out questionnaires. Data was then transcribed following the participants' responses. The findings indicate that socio-cultural and economic factors contributed to girls being out of school especially in Samburu and Maasai communities where cultural practices including FGM, early forced marriages, among many others were persistent. Another factor was poverty which participants mentioned affected their education because of high dropout rates to find jobs to sustain their needs. The majority of the participants desired more women's empowerment programs in and out of school. Keywords: Kenyan girls, girls' educational access, educational inequality, Background to the Study: My Story Despite multiple policy initiatives, and notwithstanding repeated promises of 'education for all,' significant inequalities in educational attainment persist across Kenya's citizens (Kramon, E. et [...]
- Published
- 2017
4. One path toward effective global development: learning from those with the most at stake
- Author
-
Blaustein, Susan M.
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development -- Health aspects ,Poverty -- Health aspects ,Mortality ,Elementary school students -- Health aspects ,Business ,Economics ,Law ,Political science ,United Nations -- Officials and employees - Abstract
Spanning more than a decade, dedicated international efforts to eradicate extreme poverty and achieve the United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) have yielded extraordinary successes. Buoyed by the dramatic reductions [...]
- Published
- 2016
5. Western Sydney University Researchers Highlight Research in Tropical Medicine (Trends and factors associated with the utilisation of antenatal care services during the Millennium Development Goals era in Tanzania)
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Women's health ,Health ,Women's issues/gender studies - Abstract
2020 JUN 25 (NewsRx) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Women's Health Weekly -- Data detailed on tropical medicine have been presented. According to news originating from Western [...]
- Published
- 2020
6. REPOSITIONING OF LIBRARIES SERVICES TOWARD NATIONAL INTEGRATION AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA
- Author
-
Saidat, Komolafe Ranmilowo and Olusanjo, Oyeyemi Francis
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Libraries ,Library and information science - Abstract
INTRODUCTION The concept of a nation is a country with an incorporated social and political structure. In other words, a nation refers to a body of people who have a [...]
- Published
- 2019
7. Capacity Development, sustainable economic justice and promotion of best practices for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals in Brazil
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development -- Economic aspects ,Best practices -- Economic aspects ,Economic equity -- Economic aspects ,Business, international ,United Nations. Development Programme - Abstract
Impementing Agency:UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Project Name:Capacity Development, sustainable economic justice and promotion of best practices for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals in Brazil [...]
- Published
- 2022
8. Success factors for reducing maternal and child mortality/ Facteurs de reussite pour la reduction de la mortalite maternelle et infantile/Factores de exito para reducir la mortalidad materna e infantile
- Author
-
Kuruvilla, Shyama, Schweitzer, Julian, Bishai, David, Chowdhury, Sadia, Caramani, Daniele, Frost, Laura, Cortez, Rafael, Daelmans, Bernadette, de Francisco, Andres, Adam, Taghreed, Cohen, Robert, Alfonso, Y. Natalia, Franz-Vasdeki, Jennifer, Saadat, Seemeen, Pratt, Beth Anne, Eugster, Beatrice, Bandali, Sarah, Venkatachalam, Pritha, Hinton, Rachael, Murray, John, Arscott-Mills, Sharon, Axelson, Henrik, Maliqi, Blerta, Sarker, Intissar, Lakshminarayanan, Rama, Jacobs, Troy, Jacks, Susan, Mason, Elizabeth, Ghaffar, Abdul, Mays, Nicholas, Presern, Carole, and Bustreo, Flavia
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Mortality -- New York -- Rwanda -- Analysis ,Children -- Health aspects ,Health ,World Bank Group. World Bank ,World Health Organization ,United Nations. Children's Fund - Abstract
Reducing maternal and child mortality is a priority in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and will likely remain so after 2015. Evidence exists on the investments, interventions and enabling policies required. Less is understood about why some countries achieve faster progress than other comparable countries. The Success Factors for Women's and Children's Health studies sought to address this knowledge gap using statistical and econometric analyses of data from 144 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) over 20 years; Boolean, qualitative comparative analysis; a literature review; and country-specific reviews in 10 fast-track countries for MDGs 4 and 5a. There is no standard formula--fast-track countries deploy tailored strategies and adapt quickly to change. However, fast-track countries share some effective approaches In addressing three main areas to reduce maternal and child mortality. First, these countries engage multiple sectors to address crucial health determinants. Around half the reduction in child mortality in LMICs since 1990 is the result of health sector Investments, the other half is attributed to investments made in sectors outside health. Second, these countries use strategies to mobilize partners across society, using timely, robust evidence for decision-making and accountability and a triple planning approach to consider immediate needs, long-term vision and adaptation to change. Third, the countries establish guiding principles that orient progress, align stakeholder action and achieve results overtime. This evidence synthesis contributes to global learning on accelerating improvements in women's and children's health towards 2015 and beyond. La reduction de la mortalite maternelle et infantile est une priorite des objectlfs du Millenaire pour le developpement (OMD) et le restera probablement apres l'echeance de 2015. Il existe des donnees sur les investissements, les interventions et les politiques habilitantes necessaires. On comprend mal pourquoi certains pays ont realise des progres plus rapidement que d'autres pays comparables. Les Facteurs de reussite des etudes sur la sante des femmes et des enfants ont cherche a combler ce manque de connaissances en utilisant les analyses statistiques et econometriques des donnees provenant de 144 pays a faible revenu et a revenu intermediaire et recueillies depuis 20 ans: une analyse comparative qualitative booleenne; une etude bibliographique et des etudes specifiques a chaque pays pour les 10 pays a progression rapide pour les points 4 et 5a des OMD. Il n'existe pas de formule standard--les pays a progression rapide ont deploye des strategles personnalisees et se sont adaptes rapidement auxchangements. Cependant, ces pays ont en commun des approches efficaces visant 3 grands axes afin de reduire la mortalite maternelle et infantile. Premierement, ils impliquent de nombreux secteurs pour traiter les facteurs determinants et cruciaux pour la sante. Pres de la moitie de la reduction de la mortalite infantile dans les pays a faible revenu et a revenu intermediaire depuis 1990 resulte des investissements dans le secteur de la sante, l'autre moitie etant attribuee aux investissements realises dans les secteurs exterieurs a la sante. Deuxiemement, ces pays utilisent des strategies pour mobiliser les partenaires dans la societe, en utilisant des donnees solides et opportunes pour la prise de decisions et la responsabilisation, ainsi qu'une approche de planificaron triple pour prendre en consideration les besoins immediats, la vision a long terme et l'adaptation aux changements. Troisiemement, ces pays etablissent des principes directeurs qui orientent les progres, harmonisent les actions des parties prenantes et generent des resultats dans le temps. Cette synthese de donnees contribue a l'ensemble des connaissances requises pour accelerer les amellorations sur la sante des femmes et des enfants en vue de l'echeance de 2015 et au-dela. La reduccion de la mortalidad materna e infantil es una prioridad en los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM), y probablemente lo seguira siendo despues de 2015. Existen evidencias sobre las inversiones, las intervenciones y las politicas necesarias, pero se sabe menos acerca de por que algunos paises logran un progreso mas rapido que otros paises comparables. Los estudios relativos a los Factores de Exito en la Salud de las Mujeres y los Ninos han tratado de abordar esta brecha de conocimiento por medio de analisis estadisticos y econometricos de datos de 144 paises de ingresos bajos y medianos (PIBM) a lo largo de mas de 20 anos, analisis comparativos cualitativos booleanos, revision de la literatura y revisiones especificas de cada pais en 10 paises bien encarrilados para los ODM 4 y 5a. No existe una formula estandar, estos paises despliegan estrategias a medida y se adaptan rapidamente a los cambios. Sin embargo, comparten ciertos enfoques eficaces a la hora de abordar tres areas principales para reducir la mortalidad materna e infantil. En primer lugar, involucran a numerosos sectores para hacer frente a los factores sanitarios decisivos. Alrededor de la mitad de la reduccion de la mortalidad infantil en los PIBM desde 1990 es el resultado de Inversiones en el sector de la salud, y la otra mitad se atribuye a las inversiones realizadas en sectores fuera del ambito sanitario. En segundo lugar, estos paises utilizan estrategias para movilizara socios a traves de la sociedad, utilizando evidencias oportunas y solidas para la toma de decisiones y la rendicion de cuentas, asi como un enfoque de planificacion triple para considerar las necesidades inmediatas, la vision a largo plazo y la adaptacion al cambio. En tercer lugar, los paises establecen principios rectores que orientan el progreso, armonizan las acciones de las partes interesadas y logran resultados en el tiempo. Este compendio de evidencias contribuye al aprendizaje global sobre como acelerar las mejoras en la salud de mujeres y ninos hacia el 2015 y mas adelante., Introduction Worldwide, accelerated progress is required to achieve Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) 4 (reduce child mortality) and 5 (improve maternal health) as highlighted in the United Nations Secretary-General's Global Strategy [...]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. National environmental policy development for sustainable economic growth in developing countries: a case study of Pakistan
- Author
-
Hussain, Syed Shahbaz and Sabri, Pirzada Sami Ullah
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development -- Case studies -- Economic aspects -- Growth ,Economic growth -- Case studies -- Economic aspects ,Developing countries -- Case studies -- Economic aspects ,Environmental protection -- Case studies -- Economic aspects -- Growth ,Company growth ,Environmental issue ,Social sciences ,World Bank Group. World Bank -- Environmental policy -- Growth ,United Nations. Development Programme -- Environmental policy -- Growth - Abstract
Abstract This article analyzes and explores what policies Pakistan adopted to tackle its environmental challenges, effects and outcomes. The research consists of an overview of Pakistan's national environmental policy development [...]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Tackling health workforce challenges to universal health coverage: setting targets and measuring progress/Relever les defis des effectifs de sante pour realiser la couverture sanitaire universelle: etablir les objectifs et mesurer les progress/Abordar los desafios del personal sanitario para alcanzar la cobertura universal de la salud: fijacion de objetivos y evaluacion del progreso
- Author
-
Cometto, Giorgio and Witter, Sophie
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,National health insurance -- Measurement ,Labor supply -- Measurement ,Medical personnel -- Measurement ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
Human resources for health (HRH) will have to be strengthened if universal health coverage (UHC) is to be achieved. Existing health workforce benchmarks focus exclusively on the density of physicians, nurses and midwives and were developed with the objective of attaining relatively high coverage of skilled birth attendance and other essential health services of relevance to the health Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). However, the attainment of UHC will depend not only on the availability of adequate numbers of health workers, but also on the distribution, quality and performance of the available health workforce. In addition, as noncommunicable diseases grow in relative importance, the inputs required from health workers are changing. New, broader health-workforce benchmarks--and a corresponding monitoring framework--therefore need to be developed and included in the agenda for UHC to catalyse attention and investment in this critical area of health systems. The new benchmarks need to reflect the more diverse composition of the health workforce and the participation of community health workers and mid-level health workers, and they must capture the multifaceted nature and complexities of HRH development, including equity in accessibility, sex composition and quality. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] Les ressources humaines de la sante devront etre renforcees pour pouvoir realiser la couverture sanitaire universelle. Les points de reference existants des effectifs de sante se concentrent exclusivement sur la densite des medecins, infirmiers et sages-femmes, et lis ont ete developpes avec l'objectif d'atteindre une couverture relativement elevee des accouchements medicalises et des autres services de sante essentiels qui sont importants pour la realisation des objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement (OMD) de la sante. Cependant, la realisation de la couverture sanitaire universelle ne dependra pas seulement de la disponibilite d'un nombre approprie de professionnels de la sante, mais egalement de la distribution, de la qualite et de la performance des effectifs de sante disponibles. En outre, comme le nombre des maladies non transmissibles ne cesse de croitre, les contributions requises de la part des professionnels de la sante sont en train de changer. Des points de reference nouveaux et plus larges des effectifs de sante--et un cadre de suivi correspondant--doivent donc etre developpes et inclus dans l'agenda pour la couverture sanitaire universelle afin de catalyser l'attention et les investissements dans ce domaine critique des systemes de sante. Les nouveaux points de reference doivent refleter la composition plus diverse des effectifs de sante et la participation des agents sanitaires des collectivites et des agents sanitaires de niveau intermediaire, et lis doivent saisir la nature polymorphe et la complexite du developpement des ressources humaines de la sante, y compris en ce qui concerne l'equite dans l'accessibilite, la composition sexospecifique et la qualite. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII] Es fundamental fortalecer la accion de los recursos humanos en sanidad (RHS) para alcanzar la cobertura universal de la salud (CUS). Los parametros de referencia actuales sobre el personal sanitario se centran exclusivamente en la densidad de medicos, enfermeros y comadronas, y se desarrollaron con el fin de alcanzar una cobertura relativamente alta de asistencia especializada durante el parto y otros servicios de salud esenciales, que fueran para lograr los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM). Sin embargo, la consecucion de la cobertura universal de la salud no solo depende de la disponibilidad de un numero adecuado de personal sanitario, sino tambien de la distribucion, la calidad y el desempeno del personal sanitario disponible. Ademas, la contribucion necesaria por parte del personal sanitario cambia a medida que la importancia de las enfermedades no transmisibles crece relativamente. Por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar e incluir en el programa otros parametros de referencia mas amplios y actuales, asi como su marco de seguimiento correspondiente, de modo que los trabajadores comunitarios de salud puedan catalizar la atencion y la inversion en esta area clave del sistema sanitario. Los nuevos puntos de referencia deben reflejar la composicion mas plural del personal sanitario y la participacion de los trabajadores comunitarios de salud, asicomo de los trabajadores sanitarios de nivel medio. De esta manera, deben captar las multiples facetas y complejidades del desarrollo de los recursos humanos para sanidad, incluyendo la equidad en la accesibilidad, la composicion por sexo y la calidad., Introduction The eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) (1) have been credited with catalysing a greater focus on the development priorities they targeted--poverty reduction, gender equality, primary education, maternal and child [...]
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Is there any relationship between access to energy and poverty reduction in India?--An application of panel data analysis
- Author
-
Ghosh, Gargi
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty ,Economics ,Political science - Abstract
Introduction Poverty does not mean only the lack of wealth but also the inaccessibility of energy resources i.e. electricity or clean cooking facilities. Though, halving the poverty in world's poorest [...]
- Published
- 2015
12. Accounting for water quality in monitoring access to safe drinking-water as part of the Millennium Development Goals: lessons from five countries/Rapport sur la qualite de l'eau du suivi de l'acces a l'eau potable dans le cadre des objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement: les lecons de cinq pays/Presentacion de informes acerca de la calidad del agua para la supervision del acceso al agua potable segura como parte del
- Author
-
Bain, Rob E.S., Gundry, Stephen W., Wright, Jim A., Yang, Hong, Pedley, Steve, and Bartram, Jamie K.
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Water quality ,Bacteria ,Drinking water ,Nitrates -- Contamination ,Public health ,Arsenic ,Water ,Health ,World Health Organization ,United Nations. Children's Fund - Abstract
Objective To determine how data on water source quality affect assessments of progress towards the 2015 Millennium Development Goal (MDG) target on access to safe drinking-water. Metheds Data from five countries on whether drinking-water sources complied with World Health Organization water quality guidelines on contamination with thermotolerant coliform bacteria, arsenic, fluoride and nitrates in 2004 and 2005 were obtained from the Rapid Assessment of Drinking-Water Quality project. These data were used to adjust estimates of the proportion of the population with access to safe drinking-water at the MDG baseline in 1990 and in 2008 made by the Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation, which classified all improved sources as safe. Findings Taking account of data on water source quality resulted in substantially lower estimates of the percentage of the population with access to safe drinking-water in 2008 in four of the five study countries: the absolute reduction was 11% in Ethiopia, 16% in Nicaragua, 15% in Nigeria and 7% in Tajikistan. There was only a slight reduction in Jordan. Microbial contamination was more common than chemical contamination. Conclusion The criterion used by the MDG indicator to determine whether a water source is safe can lead to substantial overestimates of the population with access to safe drinking-water and, consequently, also overestimates the progress made towards the 2015 MDG target. Monitoring drinking-water supplies by recording both access to water sources and their safety would be a substantial improvement. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII.] Objetivo de Desarrollo del Milenio: lecciones de cinco paises Objectif Determiner comment les donnees sur la qualite des sources d'eau affectent les evaluations de la progression vers l'acces a l'eau potable fixe par Ibbjectif du Millenaire pour le developpement 2015 (OMD). Methodes On a extrait du projet evaluation rapide de la qualite de l'eau potable les donnees de cinq pays relatives au fait que les sources d'eau potable etaient conformes aux directives de la qualite de l'eau de l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante en matiere de contamination par des bacteries coliformes thermotolerantes, d'arsenic, de fluorure et de nitrates dans les annees 2004 et 2005. Ces donnees ont ete utilisees pour ajuster les estimations de la proportion de la population ayant acces a l'eau potable en 1990 et en 2008, annees de reference de I'OMD, effectuees par le Programme conjoint de suivi de l'approvisionnement et de l'assainissement de l'eau, qui qualifiait de sures toutes les sources ameliorees. Resultats Tenir compte des donnees sur la qualite des sources d'eau a conduit a des estimations nettement inferieures du pourcentage de la population ayant acces a l'eau potable en 2008 dans quatre des cinq pays etudies: la reduction absolue etait de 11% en Ethiopie, 16% au Nicaragua, 15% au Nigeria et 7% au Tadjikistan. Il n'y avait qu'une legere diminution en Jordanie. La contamination microbienne etait plus frequente que la contamination chimique. Conclusion Le critere utilise par l'indicateur OMD pour determiner si une source d'eau est sure peut entrainer des surestimations importantes de la population ayant acces a l'eau potable et, par consequent, egalement des surestimations des progres accomplis vers les resultats vises par I'OMD 2015. Faire le suivi de l'approvisionnement en eau potable, en controlant a la fois l'acces aux sources d'eau et leur surete, representerait une amelioration importante. Presentacion de informes acerca de la calidad del agua para la supervision del acceso al agua potable segura como parte del Objetivo de Desarrollo del Milenio: lecciones de cinco paises Objetivo Determinar como afectan los datos sobre la calidad de las fuentes de agua a las evaluaciones del progreso hacia la meta de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM) sobre el acceso al agua potable segura. Metodos A traves del proyecto Evaluacion rapida de la calidad del agua potable se obtuvieron los datos sobre la adecuacion de las fuentes de agua de cinco paises a las directrices de calidad del agua de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud en cuanto a contaminacion por bacterias coliformes termorresistentes, arsenico, fluoruro y nitratos en 2004 y 2005. Estos datos se emplearon para ajustar los calculos sobre la proporcion de la poblacion con acceso al agua potable segura en la linea de referencia del ODM de 1990 y de 2008 realizados por el Programa conjunto de vigilancia del abastecimiento de agua y el saneamiento, que clasifico todas las fuentes mejoradas como seguras. Resultados La inclusion de los datos sobre la calidad de la fuente de agua se trad ujo en unas estimaciones sustancialmente menores del porcentaje de poblacion con acceso al agua potable segura en 2008 en cuatro de los cinco paises estudiados: la reduccion absoluta fue de un 11% en Etiopia, un 16% en Nicaragua, un 1.5% en Nigeria y un 7% en Tayikistan. En Jordania solo se aprecio una disminucion leve. La contaminacion microbiana fue mas frecuente que la contaminacion quimica. Conclusion Los criterios empleados por el indicador del ODM para determinar si una fuente de agua es segura pueden comportar una sobreestimacion considerable de la poblacion con acceso al agua potable segura y, en consecuencia, una sobrevaloracion del progreso dentro de la meta del ODM para 2015. La supervision de los suministros de agua potable teniendo en consideracion tanto el acceso a las fuentes de agua como su seguridad constituiria una mejora significativa., Introduction The United Nations Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) encapsulated a global agreement to tackle the pervasive health, social and economic effects of poverty. Their influence on national policy and development [...]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Australian health care: closing the service gap: nurses are ensuring that the country's most vulnerable communities have access to services and treatment comparable with the rest of the population. Debra Cerasa discusses the social and economic issues involved
- Author
-
Cerasa, Debra
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Health care reform -- Health aspects -- Economic aspects -- Analysis ,Australian aborigines -- Economic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis ,Homeless persons -- Economic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis ,Nursing -- Health aspects -- Economic aspects -- Analysis ,Primary health care -- Health aspects -- Economic aspects -- Analysis ,Nurses -- Economic aspects -- Health aspects -- Analysis ,Health ,Health care industry ,United Nations - Abstract
Abstract Nurses have an unmatched presence in a range of healthcare settings, and can extend their services well beyond the boundaries of the acute system. By doing so, they can [...]
- Published
- 2011
14. Bridging ideologies: maternal health as a human rights dilemma
- Author
-
Underwood, Alice
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Human rights -- Health aspects ,Business ,Economics ,Law ,Political science ,United Nations - Abstract
The year 2010 leaves the world with just five years before the targeted achievement of the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals. Though time will tell if ongoing efforts prove sufficient, [...]
- Published
- 2010
15. Communicable diseases in the South-East Asia Region of the World Health Organization: towards a more effective response/ Maladies transmissibles dans la Region de l'Asie du Sud-est de l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante : vers une reponse plus efficace/ Enfermedades transmisibles en la Region de Asia Sudoriental de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud: hacia una respuesta mas efectiva
- Author
-
Gupta, Indrani and Guin, Pradeep
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Communicable diseases -- Care and treatment ,Public health ,International relief ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
This article looks at the current burden of communicable diseases in the South- East Asia Region of the World Health Organization and analyses whether the current levels and trends in funding are adequate to meet the needs of Control, prevention and treatment. Our analysis considers the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for health and indicators of economic progress in each country, as well as the impact of the global financial crisis on progress towards MDGs for communicable diseases in the region. The analysis indicates that the current focus of funding may need to be expanded to include less-discussed but high-burden diseases often related to inadequacies in the health sector and the particular development paths that countries pursue. Scarce funding during times of global economic recession could be used more effectively if informed by a careful analysis of the complex set of factors, including behavioural, environmental and health systems factors, that determine the burden of communicable diseases. Significant gaps in funding as well as varying regional needs warrant a more diverse set of national and international aid measures. Although regional and global collaboration is critical, the effectiveness of future policies to deal with the burden of communicable diseases in the region will only be assured if these policies are based on evidence and developed by policy-makers familiar with each country's needs and priorities. Le present article evalue la charge actuelle de maladies transmissibles dans la Region de l'Asie du Sud-est de l'Organisation mondiale de la Sante et examine si les niveaux et les tendances actuel des moyens de financement sont suffisants pour repondre aux besoins en matiere de lutte, de prevention et de traitement. Notre analyse examine les Objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement (OMD) et les indicateurs de progres economique dans chaque pays, ainsi que l'impact de la crise financiere mondiale sur les progres vers les OMD relatifs aux maladies transmissibles dans la region. D'apres cette analyse, l'affectation actuelle des fonds peut devoir etre elargie pour couvrir des maladies moins souvent evoquees, mais a forte charge de morbidite, associees frequemment a des inadequations entre le secteur de la sante et les voies de developpement particulieres suivies par les pays. En periode de recession economique, l'utilisation de fonds limites peut etre plus efficace si elle se fonde sur l'analyse soigneuse d'une serie complexe de parametres, incluant des facteurs comportementaux, environnementaux et relatifs au systeme de sante, qui determinent la charge de maladies transmissibles. L'existence de lacunes importantes en matiere de financement, ainsi que la variabilite des besoins regionaux, justifient une diversification des mesures d'aide nationales et internationales. Si la collaboration au niveau regional et mondial est essentielle, il faut, pour que les politiques futures repondant a la charge de maladies transmissibles dans la region soient efficaces, que ces politiques reposent sur des elements factuels et soient developpees par des decideurs familiarises avec les besoins et les priorites de chaque pays. En este articule se examina la carga de enfermedades transmisibles que sufre actualmente la Region de Asia Sudoriental de la Organizacion Mundial de la Salud y se determina si el nivel y las tendencias actuales de la financiacion son adecuados para atender las necesidades de control, prevencion y tratamiento. Se consideran los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM) relacionados con la salud y los indicadores de progreso economico de cada pais, asi corne el impacto de la crisis financiera mundial en los progresos hacia los ODM en Io que atafie a las enfermedades transmisibles en la region. Se desprende del analisis realizado que tal vez deberian ampliarse las actuales prioridades de la financiacion para abarcar enfermedades que son objeto de un menor interes pero conllevan una alta carga, a menudo en relacion con las insuficiencias del sector de la salud y con las vias particulares de desarrollo seguidas por los parses. La escasa financiacion conseguida en los periodos de recesion economica mundial podria ser mas eficaz si se viera fundamentada por un analisis meticuloso del complejo conjunto de factores -en particular comportamentales, ambientales y de los sistemas salud- que determinan la carga de enfermedades transmisibles. Las importantes deficits de financiacion, asi como las diferentes necesidades regionales, justifican una mayor diversidad de medidas nacionales e internacionales de ayuda. Aunque la colaboracion regional y mundial es fundamental, para que sean efectivas, las futuras politicas contra la carga de enfermedades transmisibles que sufre la region deberan estar basadas en la evidencia y ser desarrolladas por instancias normativas familiarizadas con las necesidades y prioridades de cada pais., Introduction Although disease patterns change constantly, communicable diseases remain the leading cause of mortality and morbidity in least and less developed countries. Despite decades of economic growth and development in [...]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. Back to basics: HIV/AIDS belongs with sexual and reproductive health/Un retour aux sources s'impose: le VIH/sida releve de la sante sexualle et genesique/Vuelta a los origenes: el VIH/sida forma parte natural de la salud sexual y reproductiva
- Author
-
Germain, Adrienne, Dixon-Mueller, Ruth, and Sen, Gita
- Subjects
United Nations Conference on Population and Development, 1994 ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,HIV (Viruses) -- Care and treatment -- Prevention ,Fertility clinics ,Medical law ,Malaria -- Care and treatment -- Prevention ,AIDS (Disease) -- Care and treatment -- Prevention ,Health ,World Health Organization - Abstract
The Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) held in Cairo in 1994 offers a comprehensive framework for achieving sexual and reproductive health and rights, including the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS, and for advancing other development goals. The United Nations Millennium Development Goals now incorporate a target of universal access to sexual and reproductive health within the goal of improving maternal health, but combating HIV remains a separate project with malaria and tuberculosis. We present a brief history of key decisions made by WHO, other United Nations' agencies, the United Nations Millennium Project and major donors that have led to the separation of HIV/AIDS from its logical programmatic base in sexual and reproductive health and rights. This fragmentation does a disservice to the achievement of both sets of goals and objectives. In urging a return to the original ICPD construct as a framework for action, we call for renewed leadership commitment, investment in health systems to deliver comprehensive sexual and reproductive health services, including HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment, comprehensive youth programmes, streamlined country strategies and donor support. All investments in research, policies and programmes should build systematically on the natural synergies inherent in the ICPD model to maximize their effectiveness and efficiency and to strengthen the capacity of health systems to deliver universally accessible sexual and reproductive health information and services.. Le programme d'action de la Conference internationale sur la population et le developpement (CIPD), qui s'est tenue au Caire en 1994, offre un cadre global pour la realisation de la sante sexuelle et genesique et ales droits connexes, y compris la prevention et le traitement du VIH/sida, et pour la progression vers d'autres objectifs en matiere de developpement. Parmi les objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement, celui portant sur l'amelioration de la sante maternelle integre maintenant une cible consistant en l'acces universel a la sante sexueile et genesique, mais la lutte contre le VIH continue de relever, avec le combat contre le paludisme et contre la tuberculose, d'un projet separe. Nous presentons ici un bref historique des grandes decisions prises par l'OMS, les autres agences des Nations Unies, le Projet du Millenaire des Nations Unies et les principaux donateurs, qui ont conduit a la separation du VIH/sida de son ancrage programmatique logique :la sante sexuelle et genesique et les droits connexes. Cette separation dessert la realisation des deux series de cibles et d'objectifs. En preconisant le retour a l'organisation originale du cadre d'action de la CIPD, nous appelons a un renouveilement de l'engagement des dirigeants, a des investissements dans ies systemes de sante pour qu'ils delivrent des services de sante sexuelie et genesique complets incluant la prevention et le traitement du VIH/sida, a la proposition de programmes complets a l'intention de la jeunesse, a la rationalisation des strategies nationales et a un soutien des donneurs. Tous les investissements consentis en faveur de la recherche, des politiques et des programmes doivent systematiquement tirer parti ales synergies naturelles dans le modele de la CIPD pour produire une efficacite maximale et pour renforcer la capacite des systemes de sante a delivrer des informations et des services en matiere de sante sexuelle et genesique universellement accessibles. El Programa de Accion de la Conferencia Internacional sobre la Poblacion y el Desarrollo (CIPD) ceiebrada en El Cairo en 1994 ofrece un marco integral para alcanzar la meta de la salud sexual y reproductiva y los derechos conexos, en particular la prevencion y el tratamiento de la infeccion por VIH/sida, asi como para avanzar hacia otros objetivos de desarrollo. Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas incorporan hoy la meta del acceso universal a la salud sexual y reproductiva dentro del objetivo de mejora de la salud materna, pero la lucha contra el VIH sigue formando parte de un proyecto independiente junto con la malaria y la tuberculosis. Se presenta aqui sucintamente la historia de algunas decisiones clave, tomadas por la OMS, otros organismos de las Naciones Unidas, el Proyecto del Milenio de las Naciones Unidas y algunos donantes importantes, que han Ilevado a aislar la infeccion por VIH/ sida de la base programatica que Iogicamente le corresponde en el terreno de la salud sexual y reproductiva y los derechos conexos. Tal fragmentacion es una traba para el logro de esos objetivos y metas. Instando a retomar el concepto original de la CIPD como un marco para la accion, propugnamos la renovacion del compromiso de liderazgo, la realizacion de inversiones en sistemas de salud orientadas a proporcionar servicios integrales de salud sexual y reproductiva, incluidos la prevencion y el tratamiento de la infeccion por VlH/sida, la aplicacion de programas integrales dirigidos a los jovenes, la racionalizacion de las estrategias de los. paises y el apoyo de los donantes. Todas las inversiones en investigacion, politicas y programas deben aprovechar sistematicamente las sinergias naturales inherentes al modelo de la CIPD para optimizar su eficacia y eficiencia y fortalecer la capacidad de los sistemas de salud para proporcionar informacion y servicios de salud sexual y reproductiva universales. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCII], Introduction The Programme of Action that was agreed upon at the 1994 International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) presaged in its 16 chapters the eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs): [...]
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Political and social context of not attaining the Millennium Development Goal to reduce poverty/Contexte politique et social dans lequel l'objectif du Millenaire pour le developpement portant sur la reduction de la pauvrete n'est pas atteint/Contexto politico y social del fracaso en la consecucion de la meta de reduccion de la pobreza de los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio
- Author
-
Palma-Solis, Marco, Gil-Gonzalez, Diana, Alvarez-Dardet, Carlos, and Ruiz-Cantero, Maria Teresa
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Developing countries -- Health aspects ,Poverty -- Analysis ,Poverty -- Prevention ,Poverty -- Influence - Abstract
Objective Eradication of poverty is Target 1 of the first of eight Millennium Development Goals, which were adopted by world leaders at the United Nations General Assembly in the year 2000. This study aims to explore the influence of political and social context in the achievement of poverty eradication. Methods A retrospective ecological study was carried out to explore associations between progress towards the achievement of Target 1 in 2002 and political and social context variables. The study contained cross-sectional estimates in 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2002. The analysis and observation unit was the countries (n = 88). A descriptive analysis was made, as well as simple and multiple analyses with logistic regression. Findings Of the 88 countries studied, 71 (80.7%) are not on track to achieving the target of eradicating poverty. The factor most associated with non-attainment of this goal was reduced government consumption.per capita (odds ratio, OR: 13.8; 95% confidence interval, CI: 2.92-65.26). In the multiple regression analysis, the most significant factors are: reduced government consumption per capita (OR: 9.8; 95% CI: 1.82-52.75), losses in the balance between imports and exports (OR: 5.3; 95% CI: 1.32-21.54) and more inequality in family income (OR: 4.7; 95% CI: 1.12-20.01). Conclusion Progress towards achievement of Target 1 seems to be hindered, fundamentally, by the significant reduction in government consumption in certain countries and the absence of redistribution policies. To understand the political determinants of poverty, more attention must be paid to the national and international political milieu, which seem to have a relevant impact on this problem and hence on population health. Une traduction en francais de ce resume a figure a la fin de l'ardcle. Al final del articulo se facilita una traduccion al espanol. Objectif L'eradication de la pauvrete est le premier des huit objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement qui ont ete adoptes par les dirigeants du monde lors de l'Assemblee generale des Nations Unies en 2000. La presente etude s'efforce d'etudier l'influence du contexte politique et social sur la realisation de l'eradication de la pauvrete. Methodes Une etude ecologique retrospective a ete effectuee pour etudier les associations entre les progres vers la realisation en 2002 de l'objectif 1 et ales facteurs relevant du contexte politique et social. L'etude fournit des estimations transversales pour 1990, 1995, 2000 et 2002. Les analyses et les observations ont ete realisees a l'echelle nationale (dans 88 pays). Une analyse descriptive, ainsi que des analyses simples et multiples de regression Iogistique, ont ete realisees. Resultats Parmi les 88 pays etudies, 71 (80,7 %) ne sont pas sur la voie ri'une realisation de robjectif 1 d'eradication de la pauvrete. Le facteur le plus frequemment associe a la non realisation de cet objectif est la baisse des depenses publiques par habitant (odds ratio, OR : 13,8, intervalle de confiance a 95 %, IC = 2,92 65,26). D'apres l'analyse de regression multiple, les facteurs les plus importants sont :la diminution des depenses publiques par habitant (OR = 9,8, IC a 95 % = 1,82 - 52,75), l'insuffisance des importations par rapport aux exportations (OR = 5,3; IC a 95 % = 1,32 - 21,54) et une plus forte inegalite des revenus familiaux (OR = 4,7; IC a 95 % = 1,12 - 20,01). Conclusion Les progres vers la realisation de l'objectif 1 semblent etre entraves essentiellement par la baisse importante des depenses publiques dans certains pays et l'absence de politique de redistribution. Pour comprendre les determinants politiques de la pauvrete, il faut s'interesser de plus pres au milieu politique national et international, qui semble avoir une influence notable sur cette problematique et ainsi sur la sante de la population. Objetivo La erradicacion de la pobreza es la meta 1 del primero de los ocho Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio adoptados por los lideres mundiales en la Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas en el ano 2000. La finalidad del presente estudio ha sido analizar la influencia del contexto politico y social en el logro de la erradicacion de la pobreza. Metodos Se Ilevo a cabo un estudio ecologico retrospectivo para determinar el grado de asociacion entre los progresos hacia la meta 1 en 2002 y diversas variables relacionadas con el contexto politico y social. El estudio incluyo estimaciones transversales realizadas en 1990, 1995, 2000 y 2002. La unidad de analisis y observacion empleada fueron los paises (n = 88). Se hizo un analisis descriptivo, asi como analisis de regresion logistica simple y multiple. Resultados De los 88 paises estudiados, 71 (80,7%) no estan bien encaminados para alcanzar la meta de erradicacion de la pobreza. El factor mas relacionado con el fracaso en la consecucion de esa meta fue la disminucion del consumo del sector publico por habitante (razon de posibilidades, OR: 13,8; intervalo de confianza (IC) del 95%: 2,92-65,26). El analisis de regresion multiple revela que los factores mas importantes con miras a la erradicacion son el aumento del consumo del sector publico por habitante (OR: 9,8; IC95%: 1,82-52,75), el predominio de las exportaciones sobre las importaciones (OR: 5,3; IC95%: 1,32-21,54), y el incremento de la igualdad en los ingresos familiares (OR: 4,7; IC95%: 1,12-20,01). Conclusion Los progresos hacia la meta 1 parecen verse frenados fundamentalmente por una reduccion considerable del consumo publico en algunos paises y por la ausencia de politicas de redistribucion. A fin de comprender los determinantes politicos de la pobreza, es necesario prestar mas atencion al entorno politico nacional e internacional, que parece tener una importante influencia en este problema y, por consiguiente, en la salud de la poblacion., Introduction The eradication of poverty is one of the main priorities for the United Nations since its consequences have been--and continue to be--representing a structural barrier to development. (1) Poverty [...]
- Published
- 2008
18. Watery sanitation and the millennium development goals
- Author
-
Lenton, Roberto, Lewis, Kristen, and Wright, Albert M.
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty ,Water -- Management ,Gender equality ,Children -- Health aspects ,Company business management ,International relations ,Law ,Political science ,United Nations. Development Programme -- Management - Abstract
Increasing access to domestic water supply and sanitation services, while at the same time improving water resources management and development, are catalytic entry points for efforts to fight poverty and [...]
- Published
- 2008
19. Targets for tuberculosis control: how confident can we be about the data?/Objectifs de la lutte antituberculeuse: quelle confiance pouvons-nous accorder aux donnees?/Metas de control de la tuberculosis: que fiabilidad tienen los datos?
- Author
-
van der Werf, Marieke J. and Borgdorff, Martien W.
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Tuberculosis -- Control ,Tuberculosis -- Health aspects ,Tuberculosis -- Surveys ,Medical research -- Health aspects ,Medical research -- Surveys ,Medicine, Experimental -- Health aspects ,Medicine, Experimental -- Surveys ,Antitubercular agents -- Surveys ,Antitubercular agents -- Health aspects ,Mortality -- Surveys - Abstract
The targets of tuberculosis (TB) control programmes are to detect 70% of new sputum smear-positive cases of TB and to cure 85% of these. The Stop TB Partnership has set additional targets related to the Millennium Development Goals: to halve TB prevalence and mortality between 1990 and 2015. This paper assesses how confident we can be about the data on TB case detection, cure rates, prevalence and mortality. Countries were grouped into those with good, limited or poor information on the burden of TB (based on notification data, population surveys and vital registration systems). Of 211 countries with a total population of 6.4 billion and an estimated 8.9 million cases of TB, 27 countries with a total population of 2.2 billion and an estimated 1.8 million cases of TB had estimates based on good information (i.e. a good-quality surveillance system detecting > 70% of all cases, or a good-quality TB prevalence survey). Of the 22 countries with a high burden of TB and bearing 80% of the global burden, none had a good surveillance system in 1997. Vital registration systems were good in 81 countries with a total population of 2.7 billion. This paper suggests that globally and in the 22 countries with a high burden of TB there is considerable uncertainty about indicators to measure progress towards the Millennium Development Goals. Routine surveillance and vital registration systems need to be strengthened. We recommend that national TB prevalence surveys be performed in selected high-burden countries, in Africa in particular. Resume Les programmes nationaux de lutte antituberculeuse ont pour objectifs de detecter 70 % des nouveaux cas de tuberculose (TB) a frottis positif et de guerir 80 % des cas detectes. Dans le cadre de la realisation des objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement, le Partenariat Halte a la tuberculose a defini un objectif supplementaire : diviser par deux, entre 1990 et 2015, la prevalence de la tuberculose et la mortalite due a cette maladie. Le present article evalue le degre de fiabilite des donnees concernant la detection des cas de TB, les taux de guerison, la prevalence de la TB et la mortalite due a cette maladie. Les pays ont ete repartis en trois categories selon que l'on disposait de donnees satisfaisantes, limitees ou insatisfaisantes sur la charge de TB qu'ils supportent (d'aprs les donnees de notification, les enquetes en population et les systmes d'enregistrement des donnees d'etat-civil). Parmi 211 pays representant une population totale de 6,4 milliard d'habitants et un nombre total de cas de TB estime a 8,9 millions, 27 (regroupant au total 2,2 milliard d'habitants et un nombre de cas de TB estime a 1,8 million) disposaient Q estimations reposam sur des donnees satisfaisantes (c'est-a-dire fournies par un bon systme de surveillance, detectant plus de 70 % des cas, ou par une enquete sur la prevalence de la TB de bonne qualite). Parmi les 22 pays supportant une forte charge de TB et totalisant a eux seuls 80 % de la charge mondiale de tuberculose, aucun ne pouvait compter en 1997 sur un bon systme de surveillance. Les systmes d'enregistrement des donnees d'etat-civil etaient satisfaisants dans 81 pays regroupant au total 2,7 milliards d'habitants. L'article fait observer qu'a l'echelle mondiale et dans les 22 pays fortement touches par la TB, les indicateurs servant a mesurer les progrs dans la realisation des objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement sont entaches d'une grande incertitude. La surveillance de routine et les systemes d'enregistrement des donnees d'etat-civil doivent etre renforces. Nous recommandons de proceder a des enquetes sur la prevalence nationale de la TB dans un certain nombre de pays fortement touches par la tuberculose, notamment en Afrique. Resumen Las metas de los programas de control de la tuberculosis consisten en detectar un 70% de los nuevos casos baciliferos y curar el 85% de esos casos. La Alianza Alto a la Tuberculosis ha establecido nuevas metas relacionadas con los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio: reducir a la mitad la prevalencia de tuberculosis y la mortalidad por esa causa entre 1990 y 2015. En este articulo se evalua la fiabilidad de los datos sobre la deteccion de casos de tuberculosis y las tasas de curacion, la prevalencia y la mortalidad correspondientes. Se clasifico a los paises en funcion de la calidad de su informacion -buena, escasa o mala- sobre la carga de tuberculosis (calibrada a partir de los datos de notificacion, las encuestas de poblacion y los sistemas de registro civil). De 211 paises con una poblacion total de 6400 millones de personas y una cifra estimada de 8,9 millones de casos de tuberculosis, 27 paises con una poblacion total de 2200 millones de habitantes y unos 1,8 millones de casos estimados disponian de estimaciones basadas en una buena informacion (es decir, un sistema de vigilancia de buena calidad que detectaba mas del 70% de todos los casos, o una encuesta de buena calidad sobre la prevalencia de la tuberculosis). De los 22 paises con una alta carga de tuberculosis, que suponen el 80% de la carga mundial, ninguno tenia un buen sistema de vigilancia en 1997. Los sistemas de registro civil eran satisfactorios en 81 paises que totalizaban una poblacion de 2700 millones de personas. En el presente articulo se sugiere que tanto a nivel mundial como en los 22 paises que presentan una alta carga de tuberculosis existe una incertidumbre considerable sobre los indicadores empleados para medir los progresos hacia los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio. Es preciso reforzar la vigilancia sistematica y los sistemas de registro civil. Recomendamos que se lleven a cabo encuestas nacionales sobre la prevalencia de la tuberculosis en algunos de los paises con alta carga de la enfermedad, en Africa en particular. [TEXT NOT REPRODUCIBLE IN ASCI.], Introduction Tuberculosis (TB) is an important cause of illness and death globally, accounting for an estimated 8.8 million new cases and 1.6 million deaths each year. (1) Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the [...]
- Published
- 2007
20. Estimated global resources needed to attain universal coverage of maternal and newborn health services/Estimation des ressources necessaires a l'echelle mondiale pour atteindre une couverture universelle par les services de sante maternelle et neonatale/Estimacion de los recursos mundiales necesarios para lograr la cobertura universal de servicios de salud de la madre y del recien nacido
- Author
-
Johns, Benjamin, Sigurbjornsdottir, Kristjana, Fogstad, Helga, Zupan, Jelka, Mathai, Matthews, and Edejer, Tessa Tan-Torres
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Infants (Newborn) -- Care and treatment ,Practice guidelines (Medicine) ,Medically uninsured persons ,Medical care, Cost of ,Childbirth ,Health care reform ,Abortion - Abstract
Objective To estimate the amount of additional resources needed to scale up maternal and newborn health services within the context of the Millennium Development Goals, and to inform countries, donors and multilateral agencies about the resources needed to achieve these goals. Methods A costing model based on WHO's clinical guidelines was used to estimate the incremental resource needs for maternal and newborn health care in 75 countries. The model estimated the costs for care during pregnancy, childbirth, the neonatal period and the postpartum period, as well as the costs for postpartum family planning and counselling, abortion and post-abortion care; programme-level costs were also estimated. An ingredients-based approach, with financial costs for the years 2006 to 2015 as the output, allowed estimates to be made of country-specific and year-specific populations, unit costs and scale-up rates. Two scenarios using different scale-up rates were used (moderate and rapid). Findings The results show that a minimum yearly average increase in resources of US$ 3.9 billion is needed, although annual costs increase over the time period of the model. When more rapid rates of scale-up are assumed, this minimum figure may be as high as US$ 5.6 billion per year. The 10-year estimated incremental costs range from US$ 39.3 billion for a moderate scale-up scenario to US$ 55.7 billion for the rapid scale-up scenario. Conclusion These projections of future financial costs may be used as a starting point for mobilizing global resources. Countries will have to further refine these estimates, but these figures may serve as goals towards which donors can direct their plans. Further research is needed to measure the costs of health system reforms, such as recruiting, training and retaining a sufficient number of personnel. Resume Objectif Estimer les moyens supplementaires necessaires pour la mise a l'echelle des services de sante maternelle et neonatale dans le cadre des objectifs du Millenaire pour le developpement et informer les pays, les donateurs et les agences multilaterales des ressources requises pour atteindre ces objectifs. Methodes Un modele d'evaluation des couts s'appuyant sur les Directives cliniques de l'OMS a permis d'estimer les besoins financiers supplementaires pour delivrer les soins de sante maternelle et neonatale prevus dans 75 pays. Ce modele a evalue les couts des soins dispenses pendant la grossesse, l'accouchement, la periode neonatale et la periode postpartum, ainsi que ceux des services de planification familiale et de conseil et ceux lies a un eventuel avortement et a la periode post-avortement. Les couts programmatiques ont egalement ete estimes. En appliquant une approche par composants et en considerant comme des extrants les couts financiers pour les annees 2006 a 2015, on a obtenu une estimation des couts unitaires et des coefficients de mise a l'echelle par pays et par annee/habitant. Deux scenarios de mise a l'echelle (rythme modere ou rapide), utilisant des coefficients de mise a l'echelle differents, ont ete utilises. Resultats Les resultats indiquent qu'en moyenne, une augmentation des ressources de US $ 3,9 milliard par an au minimum est necessaire, sans compter l'augmentation annuelle des couts sur la periode prise en compte par le modele. Si l'on suppose une mise a l'echelle plus rapide, cette augmentation minimale des ressources peut atteindre US $ 5,6 milliard par an. Sur 10 ans, on estime que les couts supplementaires representeront de US $ 39,3 milliard, pour un scenario a vitesse moyenne, a US $ 55,7 milliard pour un scenario prevoyant une mise a l'echelle rapide. Conclusion Ces projections de couts financiers sont utilisables comine point de depart pour mobiliser les ressources au niveau mondial. Les pays auront ensuite a affiner ces estimations, mais elles pourront servir d'objectifs aux donateurs pour la definition des grandes lignes de leurs plans. Des etudes plus poussees sont necessaires pour evaluer les couts des reformes a apporter aux systemes de sante, telles que : recrutement, formation et recyclage de personnel en effectif suffisant. Resumen Objetivo Estimar la cantidad de recursos adicionales necesarios para expandir los servicios de salud de la madre y del recien nacido en el contexto de los Objetivos de Desarrollo dei Milenio, e informar a los paises, donantes y organismos multilaterales sobre los recursos necesarios para alcanzar esas metas. Metodos Se empleo un modelo de calculo de costos basado en las directrices clinicas de la OMS a fin de estimar las necesidades progresivas de recursos para asegurar la atencion de salud de la madre y dei recien nacido en 75 paises. El modelo calculo los costos de la atencion correspondiente al embarazo, el parto, el periodo neonatal y el periodo posparto, asi como los costos de la planificacion familiar y el consejo tras el parto, y la atencion de aborto y posaborto; tambien se estimaron los costos de programas. El uso de un metodo basado en componentes, con costos financieros para los anos 2006-2015 como resultado, permitio hacer estimaciones para poblaciones, costos unitarios y ritmos de expansion en paises especificos y anos especificos. Se usaron dos escenarios con diferentes ritmos de expansion (moderado y rapido). Resultados Los resultados muestran que se requiere un incremento medio anual minimo de los recursos del orden de US$ 3900 millones, aunque los costos anuales aumentan a lo largo del periodo considerado en el modelo. Si se asumen ritmos mas rapidos de expansion, esa cifra minima puede llegar a ser de US$ 5600 millones anuales. Los costos adicionales estimados a 10 anos varian entre US$ 39 300 millones para un escenario de expansion moderada y US$ 55 700 millones para el escenario de expansion rapida. Conclusion Estas proyecciones de los futuros costos financieros pueden servir de punto de partida para movilizar recursos mundiales. Los paises tendran que seguir refinando estas estimaciones, pero las cifras pueden ser utilizadas por los donantes como metas para orientar sus planes. Es necesario realizar nuevas investigaciones para medir los costos de las reformas de los sistemas de salud, como las relacionadas con la contratacion, formacion y conservacion de personal en numero suficiente., Introduction An estimated 15% of pregnant women in developing countries experience pregnancy-related complications, 7% require care at centres with surgical capacity (referral care) and 2% to 3% require surgical care. [...]
- Published
- 2007
21. Policy point-counterpoint: the UN Millennium Development Goals and U.S. aid to Africa
- Author
-
McClellan, Charles W.
- Subjects
Africa -- Social aspects ,United States -- Social aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Celebrities -- Social aspects ,International relations -- Social aspects ,Humanitarian aid -- Donations -- Social aspects ,Social sciences ,United Nations -- Social policy -- Aims and objectives -- Donations -- Social aspects - Abstract
In 2000 member states of the United Nations signed on to the UN Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) committing themselves to work together to achieve by 2015 eight objectives, including the [...]
- Published
- 2007
22. Point: UN MDGS and U.S. aid to Africa: worthy causes
- Author
-
Wright, Lucas C.
- Subjects
Africa -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects ,United States -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Celebrities -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects ,International relations -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects ,Humanitarian aid -- Donations -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,Social sciences ,United Nations -- Aims and objectives -- Evaluation -- Donations -- Social aspects - Abstract
In September 2000, the United Nations introduced the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), establishing concrete targets for addressing eight of the developing world's most serious ills. The UN MDGs, to be [...]
- Published
- 2007
23. Promises to keep: aid donors need to return to the basics of health, education, water and sanitation to address the most dangerous threat of our time--poverty
- Author
-
Smillie, Ian
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty -- Health aspects ,Health education -- Health aspects ,Water -- Management ,Water -- Health aspects ,Economic assistance -- Health aspects - Abstract
IN 2000, ALL 191 UNITED NATIONS member states agreed to eight Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) to be achieved by 2015. The goals aim to eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, to […]
- Published
- 2006
24. Assessing household solid fuel use: multiple implications for the Millennium Development Goals
- Author
-
Rehfuess, Eva, Mehta, Sumi, and Pruss-Ustun, Annette
- Subjects
World Health Organization ,United Nations. Office of United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development ,Air pollution ,Fuel - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The World Health Organization is the agency responsible for reporting the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) indicator "percentage of population using solid fuels." In this article, we present the results [...]
- Published
- 2006
25. Capacity Development, sustainable economic justice and promotion of best practices for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals in Brazil
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development -- Economic aspects ,Best practices -- Economic aspects ,Economic equity -- Economic aspects ,Business, international ,United Nations. Development Programme - Abstract
Impementing Agency:UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Project Name:Capacity Development, sustainable economic justice and promotion of best practices for the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals and Sustainable Development Goals in Brazil [...]
- Published
- 2021
26. SUPPORT POVERTY REDUCTION|Millennium Development Goals
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty ,Business, international ,United Nations. Development Programme - Abstract
Impementing Agency:UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME Project Name: SUPPORT POVERTY REDUCTION / Millennium Development Goals Start Date:01 September 2009 End Date: 31 December 2020 Location: Cte dIvoire Description:Support program for poverty [...]
- Published
- 2020
27. 4 Long-standing challenges
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Mortality -- Africa -- Sub-Saharan Africa ,Economics - Abstract
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, WHERE WE ARE? Progress towards the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) has been uneven by countries, regions and goals. Poverty alleviation and gender educational attainment [...]
- Published
- 2012
28. New Criminology Study Findings Have Been Reported by Investigators at Monash University (Development As a Historical Component of the United Nations' Crime Policy Agenda: From Social Defence To the Millennium Development Goals)
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Government ,Political science ,Monash University - Abstract
2021 SEP 16 (VerticalNews) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Politics & Government Week -- Investigators discuss new findings in Legal Issues - Criminology. According to news reporting [...]
- Published
- 2021
29. Nigeria: Why Nigeria Has Performed Poorly for 5 Years in SDGs, Expert
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Application development software ,Sustainable development ,Application installation/distribution software ,Application development software ,News, opinion and commentary ,United Nations - Abstract
Byline: Mary Nnah Co-Founder/ CEO of Development Nigeria, Mr. Michael Ale, a development expert, has lamented Nigeria's deplorable performance on the scale of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Speaking to [...]
- Published
- 2020
30. Part IV: contemporary challenges and emerging issues
- Subjects
South Africa -- Military policy ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,National security -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Antiterrorism measures -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Presidents -- Military policy -- Social policy -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,International relations ,Military and naval science ,Political science ,United Nations -- Laws, regulations and rules ,African Union -- Military policy -- Social policy - Abstract
1. INTRODUCTION The official viewpoint is that South Africa does not face any direct military threat to its national security, compromising its sovereignty and territorial integrity. Such a threat, particularly [...]
- Published
- 2007
31. Targeting access to reproductive health: giving contraception more prominence and using indicators to monitor progress
- Author
-
Bernstein, Stan and Edouard, Lindsay
- Subjects
United Nations Conference on Population and Development, 1994 -- Health aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Contraception -- Health aspects ,Family and marriage ,Health ,Women's issues/gender studies ,United Nations. Population Fund - Abstract
Abstract: Unmet need for contraception represents a major failure in the provision of reproductive health services and reflects the extent of access to services for spacing and limiting births, which [...]
- Published
- 2007
32. BANGLADESH ON COURSE TO ACHIEVE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Foreign investments ,Economic growth ,Developing countries ,Business, international ,World Bank Group. World Bank - Abstract
Byline: MOHAMMED ARIFEEN Bangladesh is one of the few developing countries that are on target for achieving most of the Millennium Development Goals as its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) expanded [...]
- Published
- 2016
33. Research from University of Wah Provides New Data on Economics (Extended Version of Human Development Index with Millennium Development Goals: A Case Study of Pakistan)
- Subjects
Human Development Index (Index) ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Editors ,Business ,Economics - Abstract
2020 MAR 6 (VerticalNews) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Economics Week -- Fresh data on economics are presented in a new report. According to news originating from [...]
- Published
- 2020
34. Investigators from Monash University Have Reported New Data on Criminology (Development As a Historical Component of the United Nations' Crime Policy Agenda: From Social Defence To the Millennium Development Goals)
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Documentary movies ,Editors ,Government ,Political science ,Monash University - Abstract
2019 OCT 31 (VerticalNews) -- By a News Reporter-Staff News Editor at Politics & Government Week -- Current study results on Legal Issues - Criminology have been published. According to [...]
- Published
- 2019
35. New 15-year goals support healthier lives for world's population: poverty targeted
- Author
-
Krisberg, Kim
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Sustainable development ,Health - Abstract
As the time frame for the global Millennium Development Goals came to a close this year, world leaders have adopted a new set of goals that include ambitious targets on [...]
- Published
- 2015
36. The Millennium Campaign: successes and challenges in mobilizing support for the MDGs
- Author
-
Herfkens, Eveline
- Subjects
United Nations. Development Programme -- Aims and objectives -- Social aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty -- United States -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,International agencies -- Aims and objectives -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,International relations ,Political science ,Aims and objectives ,Social aspects ,Economic aspects - Abstract
It was the best news for decades, when in 2000 world leaders acknowledged that the most urgent matter at the dawn of the new century was to put an end [...]
- Published
- 2008
37. Indigenous peoples and the MDGs: inclusive and culturally sensitive solutions
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Human rights -- Social aspects ,Indigenous peoples -- Civil rights -- Social aspects ,International relations ,Political science ,Social aspects ,Civil rights - Abstract
The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) summarize the development targets agreed to at international conferences and world summits during the 1990s. At the end of the last century, world leaders distilled [...]
- Published
- 2008
38. The MDGs in the Western Asian region; regional cooperation and policies needed to promote development
- Author
-
Al-Dafa, Bader
- Subjects
Asia -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,International cooperation -- Evaluation -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,Regional development -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,International relations ,Political science ,Economic aspects ,Social aspects ,Evaluation - Abstract
As the world marks the midpoint between the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in 2000 and the target date for their achievement in 2015, an assessment of the [...]
- Published
- 2008
39. The MDGS in Asia and the Pacific: regional partnerships are key to addressing gaps in implementation
- Author
-
Heyzer, Noeleen
- Subjects
Pacific Rim -- Social aspects -- Economic aspects ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Regional development -- Evaluation -- Economic aspects -- Social aspects ,International relations ,Political science ,Evaluation ,Economic aspects ,Social aspects - Abstract
Progress in achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in the Asian and Pacific region is uneven. We achieved success in some, but faltered in others. Even in areas of success, [...]
- Published
- 2008
40. Trading an end to poverty; bridging the MDG implementation gaps through Trade
- Author
-
Francis, Patricia R.
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Poverty -- United States -- Social aspects ,International trade -- Social aspects ,International relations ,Political science ,International trade ,Social aspects - Abstract
We live in an age of wonders. From nano-surgery to space stations, networking sites to solar cells, Internet start-ups to smart capital, the world is a more connected, attractive and [...]
- Published
- 2008
41. Challenges of public libraries patrons in the use of information services for attainment of health Millennium Development Goals
- Author
-
Omotosho, Abiola Modupeola and Okiki, Olatokunbo Christopher
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Public libraries ,Information services industry -- Usage ,Information services -- Usage ,Knowledge management ,Information services industry ,Knowledge management ,Library and information science - Abstract
Introduction Nigeria, as a country is still at the implementation stage of attaining the MDGs because of her slow developmental process and political instability, which has been a bane to [...]
- Published
- 2012
42. HONOURING KOFI ANNAN, GENERAL ASSEMBLY REMEMBERS LATE SECRETARY-GENERAL AS MONUMENTAL LEADER, MORAL VOICE WHO FOUGHT BRUTALITY, BLOODSHED
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,News, opinion and commentary ,United Nations - Abstract
NEW YORK -- The following information was released by the United Nations: Paying homage to the late Secretary-General Kofi Annan, who passed away on 18 August, Member States, colleagues and [...]
- Published
- 2018
43. Pakistan : South Asia countries signed Islamabad Declaration of South Asian Conference on Sanitation 7
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Conferences and conventions -- Conferences, meetings and seminars ,Climate change -- Conferences, meetings and seminars ,Business, international - Abstract
The closing ceremony of South Asian Conference on Sanitation 7 being organized by Ministry of Climate Change held in Islamabad in which declaration was signed. Federal minister for Climate Change [...]
- Published
- 2018
44. INDIA MAKES PROGRES IN MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS (the IMR has come down to 44 per 1000 live births in 2011 from 66 per 1000 live births in 2001)
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Infants -- Patient outcomes ,Banking, finance and accounting industries ,Business ,Business, international ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
The data from the Registrar General of India's Sample Registration System (RGI-SRS) shows India having made remarkable progress in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). According to RGI-SRS, the maternal mortality [...]
- Published
- 2013
45. Equatorial Guinea's First Lady Garners Recognition for Her Leadership in Social Development
- Subjects
Hope Foundation ,Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Computer software industry ,Arts and entertainment industries - Abstract
In a speech at the Millennium Development Goals 2013 Women's Progress Awards, Constancia Mangue Nsue de Obiang, First Lady of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea, received the Millennium Development Goals [...]
- Published
- 2013
46. -ADB-Top Concerns in Asia's Unfinished Development Agenda for the Post-MDG Era
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,General interest ,News, opinion and commentary ,Asian Development Bank - Abstract
Global Banking News-May 24, 2013--ADB-Top Concerns in Asia's Unfinished Development Agenda for the Post-MDG Era(C)2013 ENPublishing - http://www.enpublishing.co.uk ENP Newswire - 24 May 2013 Release date- 23052013 - Asia and [...]
- Published
- 2013
47. Millennium development goals and eye health
- Author
-
Faal, Hannah
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Blindness -- Prevention ,Poverty ,Public health ,Health ,World Health Organization ,United Nations. Development Programme - Abstract
Byline: Hannah. Faal In September 2000, world leaders made a commitment to build a more equitable, prosperous and safer world by 2015 and launched the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). In [...]
- Published
- 2012
48. Independent Evaluator Or Evaluation Consultant For The Evaluation Of Millennium Development Goals (mdgs)
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Business, international - Abstract
Expressions of Interest for Independent evaluator or evaluation consultant for the evaluation of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) Closing Date :- 20 April 2017 Major organization : INTERNATIONAL MARITIME ORGANIZATION (IMO) [...]
- Published
- 2017
49. COMMISSION FOCUSES ON EMPOWERING INDIGENOUS WOMEN, ASSESSING MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS, AS SESSION CONTINUES
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,Indigenous peoples ,Global temperature changes ,Violence ,News, opinion and commentary ,United Nations. Population Fund -- Officials and employees - Abstract
NEW YORK -- The following information was released by the United Nations: With this year marking the tenth anniversary of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, [...]
- Published
- 2017
50. Achievement of Millennium Development Goals
- Subjects
Millennium Development Goals (Report) ,News, opinion and commentary - Abstract
Asmara, Feb 08, 2017 (Shabait.com/All Africa Global Media) -- The effective realization of Millennium Development Goals attest to Eritrea's commitment and implementation capacity. The remarks were made by Ms. Amina [...]
- Published
- 2017
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.