1. Prostate cancer-derived exosomes promote osteoblast differentiation and activity through phospholipase D2
- Author
-
Leyre Brizuela, Mathieu Borel, David Magne, Saida Mebarek, René Buchet, Giovanna Lollo, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'automatique, de génie des procédés et de génie pharmaceutique (LAGEPP), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Matériaux d'intérêt biologique, Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Métabolisme, Enzymes et Mécanismes Moléculaires (MEM²), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-École Supérieure Chimie Physique Électronique de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,[SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology ,Exosomes ,Exosome ,Metastasis ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine ,Phospholipase D ,Animals ,Humans ,[SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology ,Molecular Biology ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,Cells, Cultured ,Osteoblasts ,Chemistry ,PLD2 ,Bone metastasis ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Osteoblast ,Cell Differentiation ,3T3 Cells ,[SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences ,medicine.disease ,Microvesicles ,3. Good health ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Tumor progression ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Cancer research ,Molecular Medicine - Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequent cancer in men aged 65 and over. PCa mainly metastasizes in the bone, forming osteosclerotic lesions, inducing pain, fractures, and nerve compression. Cancer cell-derived exosomes participate in the metastatic spread, ranging from oncogenic reprogramming to the formation of pre-metastatic niches. Moreover, exosomes were recently involved in the dialog between PCa cells and the bone metastasis microenvironment. Phospholipase D (PLD) isoforms PLD1/2 catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to yield phosphatidic acid (PA), regulating tumor progression and metastasis. PLD is suspected to play a role in exosomes biogenesis. We aimed to determine whether PCa-derived exosomes, through PLD, interact with the bone microenvironment, especially osteoblasts, during the metastatic process. Here we demonstrate for the first time that PLD2 is present in exosomes of C4-2B and PC-3 cells. C4-2B-derived exosomes activate proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts models, by stimulating ERK 1/2 phosphorylation, by increasing the tissue-nonspecific alkaline phosphatase activity and the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers. Contrariwise, when C4-2B exosomes are generated in the presence of halopemide, a PLD pan-inhibitor, they lose their ability to stimulate osteoblasts. Furthermore, the number of released exosomes diminishes significantly (-40%). When the PLD product PA is combined with halopemide, exosome secretion is fully restored. Taken together, our results indicate that PLD2 stimulates exosome secretion in PCa cell models as well as their ability to increase osteoblast activity. Thus, PLD2 could be considered as a potent player in the establishment of PCa bone metastasis acting through tumor cell derived-exosomes.
- Published
- 2020