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The presente paper indicates the effects of the most common practices for cancer treatment on the genetic sample of the patient. The main objective of this report is to stress the importance of the risk/benefit assessment of the different therapeutic protocols adopted for cancer and the need for the development of new therapeutic practices and chemotherapy agents. After stressing the fact that cancer is a genetic disease that develops through multiple steps, the effects of ionizing radiation and of some therapeutic Chemicals on the DNA are presented. Besides, the deleterious effects on the DNA of the technical personnel who provides treatment are also indicated. Therefore, this paper discusses tn a general way the genetic damage induced by anti-neoplastic agents, which increases the risk for the development of another primary tumor. O presente artigo descreve as conseqüências de algumas terapias utilizadas para o câncer sobre o material genético de pacientes com neoplasias. O objetivo é ressaltar a importância da avaliação da relação risco/ benefício dos diferentes tratamentos utilizados para o câncer, e da continuidade de pesquisas para o desenvolvimento de novas formas de terapia e de novas drogas antineoplásicas. Faremos breve exposição sobre o processo de carcinogênese de múltiplas etapas, destacando o conceito geral de que o câncer é uma doença genética. São apresentados os efeitos mutagênicos das radiações ionizantes e de algumas classes de quimioterápicos sobre o material genético. Além dos efeitos deletérios desses agentes para o paciente, são também relatados efeitos nocivos para os indivíduos que manipulam ou que são responsáveis pela condução dos tratamentos. Abordaremos de modo geral, os danos genéticos induzidos por agentes antineoplásicos mutagênicos tanto para o paciente como para os indivíduos que os manipulam, predispondo-os ao desenvolvimento de um segundo tumor ou de um tumor primário, respectivamente.

Background The study of male body image has increased substantially, but there are few assessment tools available for this population. The Male Body Dissatisfaction Scale (MBDS) has been widely used among students to research body image disturbances and eating disorders. However, the psychometric properties of this instrument have not been tested in the Brazilian context.Objectives To explore the psychometric properties (convergent validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and factor structure) of the Brazilian version of the MBDS.Methods Two-hundred sixty-four undergraduate students were evaluated. Pearson’s correlation was used to test the convergent validity of the MBDS and the Drive for Muscularity Scale, the Swansea Muscularity Attitudes Questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Eating Attitudes Test-26, and the Commitment to Exercise Scale. Test-retest reliability was evaluated using t-tests for repeated measures and by calculating the coefficient of intraclass correlation. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted, and Cronbach’s α coefficients were determined. A significance level of 5% was adopted.Results The MBDS had an adequate factor structure, with two factors explaining 52.67% of the total variance. It showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s α between 0.90 and 0.92), a high intraclass correlation coefficient (0.81), and convergent validity with the drive for muscularity, the psychological commitment to exercise, low self-esteem, and eating disorder risk behaviour measures.Discussion The MBDS appears to be a valid and reliable tool for evaluating Brazilian male body image dissatisfaction.

RESUMO A pesquisa objetivou avaliar as qualidades psicométricas do Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) para adolescentes brasileiros do sexo masculino. A amostra foi composta por 357 jovens, com idade entre 10 e 19 anos. Os resultados evidenciaram que 32,8% variância dos dados foram explicados por um único fator e o instrumento foi capaz de diferenciar seus escores em função do estado nutricional (p0,88), não registrando diferença entre os escores (teste-reteste) (p0.88), no difference between scores (test-retest) (p

Objective: To analyze body image in different periods of adolescence. Methods: This cross-sectional study enrolled students aged ten to 19 years old of public schools in small districts of Minas Gerais, Southeast Brazil. The Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), the Body Dissatisfaction Assessment Scale for Teenagers and the Silhouette Scale for Teenagers (SST) were used. Adolescence phases were classified according to the subjects' ages. Weight and height were measured in order to calculate the body mass index and the nutritional status. Results were analyzed by logistic regression. Results: The study emolled 531 teenagers (318 females). The average age was 15.6± 2 .2 years and 84.6% were eutrophic. The prevalence of body dissatisfaction varied from 28.9% (BSQ) to 78.9% (SST). Overweight adolescents presented greater dissatisfaction (BSQ: OR 3.66, p

To evaluate psychometric assessment of Stunkard Figure Rating Scale (FRS) for Brazilian male population. The sample was composed of a control group (94 students) and a clinical group (20 eating disordered patients). Two questionnaires were applied: the FRS and the Eating Attitudes Questionnaire-26. Weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) were collected in the control group (self-reported) and clinical group (measured). Body dissatisfaction (BD) was calculated by subtraction of ideal body (IB) from the current body (CB) score. The concurrent validity was assessed through the analysis of the correlation between the CB and BD scores and the BMI and the body weight. The discriminant validity was achieved by measurements of association between the groups studied and the scales CB, IB and BD. Reliability was assessed by the comparison of the score averages at two moments and by the intraclass coefficient correlation. The questionnaire had a correlation higher than 0.67 for the measures of weight and BMI. Regarding the CB, IB and BD scores, a significant difference was not observed between the clinical and the control group. There was no difference between the scores for BD at the two moments analyzed. The FRS is stable and capable of correlating with anthropometric measures. Nevertheless, for this population the questionnaire was unable to distinguish between the two groups analyzed.

The aim of this study is evaluate the psychometric results and validity of the Brazilian Portuguese language version of the Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS). Factor analysis and concurrent validity were checked on assessments from participants with and without eating disorders. The scale had good internal consistency. Factor analysis confirmed four components. Control and Eating Disorders groups were discriminated, and results correlated well with the Eating Attitudes Test and Body Shape Questionnaire. The results for the Portuguese version of the BCCS were similar to the original version, and its use is recommended for evaluation of body-checking cognitions in the Brazilian population with or without eating disorders.

Com o crescimento das pesquisas acerca dos componentes da imagem corporal, fazem-se necessários instrumentos válidos que avaliem suas dimensões. O Body Change Inventory (BCI) avalia as estratégias adotadas para modificação do corpo entre adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o processo de tradução e avaliação da equivalência semântica do BCI para a língua portuguesa. O processo envolveu as etapas de (1) tradução do questionário para o idioma português; (2) retrotradução para o inglês; (3) avaliação da equivalência semântica; e, (4) análise da compreensão verbal por especialistas e jovens brasileiros. As seis subescalas que compõem o instrumento foram traduzidas para o português. Foram realizadas adaptações na linguagem a fim de tornar o instrumento adequado à realidade brasileira. As questões foram interpretadas como de fácil compreensão tanto por especialistas quanto pelos jovens. O Questionário de Mudança Corporal encontra-se traduzido e adaptado para o idioma português, sendo ainda necessária a avaliação das equivalências operacional, de mensuração e funcional.With the increase in research on the components of Body Image, validated instruments are needed to evaluate its dimensions. The Body Change Inventory (BCI) assesses strategies used to alter body size among adolescents. The scope of this study was to describe the translation and evaluation for semantic equivalence of the BCI in the Portuguese language. The process involved the steps of (1) translation of the questionnaire to the Portuguese language; (2) back-translation to English; (3) evaluation of semantic equivalence; and (4) assessment of comprehension by professional experts and the target population. The six subscales of the instrument were translated into the Portuguese language. Language adaptations were made to render the instrument suitable for the Brazilian reality. The questions were interpreted as easily understandable by both experts and young people. The Body Change Inventory has been translated and adapted into Portuguese. Evaluation of the operational, measurement and functional equivalence are still needed.

Com o crescimento das pesquisas acerca dos componentes da imagem corporal, fazem-se necessários instrumentos válidos que avaliem suas dimensões. O Body Change Inventory (BCI) avalia as estratégias adotadas para modificação do corpo entre adolescentes. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever o processo de tradução e avaliação da equivalência semântica do BCI para a língua portuguesa. O processo envolveu as etapas de (1) tradução do questionário para o idioma português; (2) retrotradução para o inglês; (3) avaliação da equivalência semântica; e, (4) análise da compreensão verbal por especialistas e jovens brasileiros. As seis subescalas que compõem o instrumento foram traduzidas para o português. Foram realizadas adaptações na linguagem a fim de tornar o instrumento adequado à realidade brasileira. As questões foram interpretadas como de fácil compreensão tanto por especialistas quanto pelos jovens. O Questionário de Mudança Corporal encontra-se traduzido e adaptado para o idioma português, sendo ainda necessária a avaliação das equivalências operacional, de mensuração e funcional. With the increase in research on the components of Body Image, validated instruments are needed to evaluate its dimensions. The Body Change Inventory (BCI) assesses strategies used to alter body size among adolescents. The scope of this study was to describe the translation and evaluation for semantic equivalence of the BCI in the Portuguese language. The process involved the steps of (1) translation of the questionnaire to the Portuguese language; (2) back-translation to English; (3) evaluation of semantic equivalence; and (4) assessment of comprehension by professional experts and the target population. The six subscales of the instrument were translated into the Portuguese language. Language adaptations were made to render the instrument suitable for the Brazilian reality. The questions were interpreted as easily understandable by both experts and young people. The Body Change Inventory has been translated and adapted into Portuguese. Evaluation of the operational, measurement and functional equivalence are still needed. Universidade Cruzeiro do Sul Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora Faculdade de Educação Física e Desportos Laboratório de Estudos do Corpo Universidade da Califórnia Universidade de São Paulo Instituto de Psiquiatria Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Depto de Ciências da Saúde UNIFESP, Depto de Ciências da Saúde SciELO

Nervous anorexia and nervous bulimia are food disturbances (FD) of difficult treatment and of rise morbidity. The Programof Food Disturbances (Ambulim) of IPq-FMUSP is the first multidisciplinary Brazilian center for the treatment, teachingand research of the area. The service is based on multidisciplinary actions integrating essentially medical, nutritional andpsychological assistance. Physical activity is considered, since there are evidences of the association of dependence toexercise with FD. We observe a slow and gradual process leading to physical, emotional and social health worsening of apatient, with a morbid refusal to gaining weight. Her personal beliefs very often are based on the fact that “to be thin”, “staythin” is the key for her personal, affective and social success. The expectation about the body spread in the contemporarysociety, characterized by a notion of perfection connected to slimness, influences the physical image, essential element theetiology of FD. The media, by their turn, offer explicit instructions about how to reach the ideal of beauty, promoting thebelief that persons can, and in fact have to, to control his physical condition and weight. The work developed by a healthprofessional with a patient who develops FD is intense and full with challenges, and must go beyond health care. It is expectedthat professionals could share their knowledge with the population, warning it about the risks and care modalitiesin order to prevent FDs to be a life style choice for young people

OBJETIVO: Este estudo teve por objetivo a adaptação transcultural do Internet Addiction Test (IAT) para o idioma português. MÉTODOS: O trabalho consistiu em cinco etapas: (1) tradução; (2) retradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação da equivalência semântica por profissionais da área; (4) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra de estudantes, avaliando-se o seu grau de compreensão; e (5) análise da consistência interna por meio do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: O instrumento foi traduzido e adaptado para o idioma português, demonstrando ser facilmente compreendido e apresentando valor de consistência interna de 0,85. CONCLUSÃO: O instrumento encontra-se traduzido e adaptado para o português e apresenta consistência interna satisfatória. São necessárias análises de equivalência de mensuração e reprodutibilidade. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to cross-culturally adapt the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) to the Portuguese language. METHODS: The translation and evaluation process consisted of five steps: (1) translation; (2) back-translation; (3) peer review and evaluation of semantic equivalency by experts; (4) instrument evaluation through a sample of students, by evaluating their understanding level; and (5) analysis of the instrument's internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha-coefficient). RESULTS: The instrument was translated and adapted to Portuguese. As shown, the Portuguese version of the IAT was easily understood and the internal consistency value was 0.85. DISCUSSION: The translated and adapted IAT displays a satisfactory internal consistency. In a further step, measurement and reproducibility analyses have to be conducted.

OBJETIVOS: traduzir e adaptar o instrumento "Children's Eating Attitude Test" (Cheat) para o idioma português, avaliar a equivalência semântica e a compreensão verbal. MÉTODOS: envolveu quatro etapas: (1) tradução, (2) retradução, (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica, (4) pré-teste - avaliação da compreensão verbal por especialistas em transtorno alimentar. RESULTADOS: as 26 questões foram traduzidas e adaptadas para o idioma português. A versão final constou dos mesmos 26 itens apresentando-se de forma clara e de fácil compreensão (valores médios superior a 4,5 - máximo 5,0). CONCLUSÕES: o instrumento encontra-se traduzido e adaptado para o idioma português demonstrando bons resultados no processo de adaptação transcultural. São necessárias análises de validade externa, equivalência de mensuração e reprodutibilidade. OBJECTIVES: to translate and adapt the "Children's Eating Attitude Test" (Cheat) to Portuguese and evaluate the semantic equivalence and verbal comprehension. METHODS: the process involved four stages: (1) translation, (2) back-translation, (3) technical review and semantic evaluation, (4) pre-test - evaluation of verbal comprehension by specialists in eating disorders. RESULTS: the 26 questions were translated and adapted for Portuguese. The final version contained the same 26 items presented in a clear and easy-tounderstand format (average score higher than 4.5 - maximum 5.0). CONCLUSIONS: the tool has been translated and adapted for Portuguese and the transcultural adaptation process was a success. There is still a need for analyses of external validity, measurement equivalence and reproducibility.

CONTEXTO: O Commitment Exercise Scale (CES) avalia o comprometimento, o comportamento e a atitude de pacientes com transtornos alimentares em relação ao exercício físico. OBJETIVO: Tradução e adaptação transcultural do CES para o idioma português (BRA), validação de conteúdo e análise da consistência interna. MÉTODOS: Envolveu cinco etapas: (1) tradução; (2) retradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação semântica; (4) validação de conteúdo por profissionais da área - juízes; (5) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra de estudantes, por meio da avaliação do grau de compreensão e análise da consistência interna do instrumento pelo coeficiente a de Cronbach. RESULTADOS: A escala foi traduzida e adaptada, sendo considerada de fácil compreensão (grau de compreensão de 4,3 a 4,9), e demonstrou valores do coeficiente aceitáveis (a de Cronbach: 0,60 a 0,79). CONCLUSÃO: A partir do processo de adaptação transcultural, os resultados satisfatórios possibilitam a recomendação da versão brasileira do CES. São necessárias análises de validação de construto, fatorial e de reprodutibilidade. BACKGROUND: The Exercise Commitment Scale (CES) evaluates commitment, attitude and behavior regarding exercise in eating disorders patients. OBJECTIVE: Translation and cultural adaptation of the CES for Portuguese (BRA), content validation and analysis of internal consistency. METHODS: This study involved five steps: (1) translation, (2) re-translation, (3) technical review and evaluation semantics, (4) content validation by professionals - judges, (5) assessment of the instrument in a sample of students, by assessing the degree of understanding and analysis of internal consistency by Cronbach's a coefficient. RESULTS: The scale was translated and adapted. It was considered easy to understand (degree of understanding from 4.3 to 4.9) and showed acceptable consistency coefficients (Cronbach's a: 0.60 to 0.79). DISCUSSION: Satisfactory results of this adaptation process allow the recommendation of the CES Brazilian version. Analysis is needed of construct and factorial validation, and of reproducibility.

CONTEXTO: A Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS) avalia cognições relacionadas à checagem do peso, comportamento comum e de importância clínica em pacientes com transtornos alimentares (TA). OBJETIVO: Tradução, adaptação transcultural da BCCS para o idioma português, validação de conteúdo e análise da consistência interna. MÉTODOS: Envolveu cinco etapas: (1) tradução; (2) retrotradução; (3) revisão técnica e avaliação das equivalências semântica e conceitual (4) validação de conteúdo por profissionais da área - juízes; (5) avaliação do instrumento por uma amostra de estudantes do sexo feminino. RESULTADOS: O instrumento foi traduzido e adaptado para o idioma português. Foram realizadas algumas adaptações de palavras, expressões e conjugação verbal. Demonstrou ser de fácil compreensão (valores médios superiores a 4,22 - valor máximo 5,0) e excelente concordância (alfa de Cronbach: 0,80 a 0,95). Os construtos verificação objetiva, segurança sobre o corpo, consequências de não checar e controle da dieta e do peso foram identificados pelos especialistas, e o nível de concordância correspondeu a 48,6%. CONCLUSÃO: A escala encontra-se traduzida e adaptada para o idioma português, demonstrando resultados satisfatórios no processo de tradução, adaptação transcultural e análise de consistência interna. São necessárias ainda análises de validade externa, equivalência de mensuração e reprodutibilidade. BACKGROUND: The Body Checking Cognitions Scale (BCCS) measures cognitions associated with weight checking, which is a medically relevant common behavior among patients with eating disorders (ED). OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-culturally adapt BCCS into Brazilian Portuguese, to validate its content and analyze it for internal consistency. METHODS: The study included five steps: (1) translation; (2) back translation; (3) technical review and assessment of semantic and conceptual equivalences; (4) content validation by experts - arbiters; and (5) instrument evaluation in a sample of female students. RESULTS: The instrument was translated and adapted into Brazilian Portuguese. Some adjustments were made of words, phrases and verb conjugation. The version was found to be easily understandable (mean values higher than 4.22; maximum value: 5.0) and showed excellent concordance (Cronbach's a: 0.80 to 0.95). The constructs (objective verification, reassurance, safety beliefs and body control) were identified by experts and the level of agreement was 48.6%. DISCUSSION: BCCS was translated and adapted into Brazilian Portuguese and showed adequate translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and internal consistency. BCCS external validation, measurement equivalence and reproducibility analyses are still required.

O objetivo deste estudo é verificar a percepção do jovem quanto à relação entre a mídia, especialmente o acesso à televisão e revistas e o corpo do adolescente. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, realizado com 121 adolescentes em uma instituição particular de ensino do ABC paulista. Aplicou-se uma entrevista individual semiestruturada gravada em fita magnética. Estas foram avaliadas utilizando-se a metodologia do discurso do sujeito coletivo, embasada no conceito das representações sociais. A tabulação dos dados ocorreu por meio da utilização de três figuras metodológicas: idéia central, expressões chave e o discurso do sujeito coletivo. Nos discursos dos jovens, foram registradas em 95% das idéias centrais relações entre a TV, revistas e o corpo, sendo as mais frequentes relacionadas ao estímulo a um ideal físico de magreza e à influência negativa com experiências de humilhação e desencadeamento de doenças. Em 5% das idéias centrais, não se registrou relação entre a TV, revistas e o corpo. Conclui-se que os jovens revelaram conhecimento acerca da intensa interferência da mídia em relação ao corpo do adolescente.The aim of this article is to verify the perception of the young about the relation between the media, especially the TV and magazine access and the body of the adolescent. It is a cross-section study carried out with 121 adolescents of a private school in São Paulo. A semi-structured individual interview was applied and recorded in magnetic ribbon using the methodology of the discourse of the collective subject based in the concept of social representation. The data were tabulated using three methodological approaches: central idea; key expressions and discourse of the collective subjective. The discourses of adolescents were evaluated, indicating that 95% of central ideas expressed relations among TV, magazines and the body and the most common ideas were about the stimulation of the thinness ideal physicist and the negative influence with hazard experience and illnesses appear. In 5% of central ideas registered no relation among TV, magazines and the body. We could conclude that young people show the knowledge about the intense media's interference in the adolescent body.

We propose to discuss in this paper the “treason” theme presented in the play “Calabar, o elogio da traição”, by Chico Buarque and Ruy Guerra considering the French Discourse Analysis postulates. To achieve this purpose we observe the technique of collage used in it. The opening lines of the sixteenthcentury French philosopher Erasmus of Rotterdam’s Praise of folly (1509), which criticizes ecclesiastical corruption, the dogmatism of scholastic philosophy and superstition through an ostensible critic of reason, are used by Chico Buarque and Ruy Guerra to criticize the social behavior, in this case, the omission in view of the repression imposed by the dictatorial government. If there wasn’t the reframing, we could say that this technique of collage from Erasmus’ texts by Chico and Ruy’s one would be read as a betraying and treasonable attitude.

The aim of this study was to translate, validate and verify the reliability of the Body Area Scale (BAS). Participants were 386 teenagers, enrolled in a private school. Translation into Portuguese was conducted. The instrument was evaluated for internal consistency and construct validation analysis. Reproducibility was evaluated using the Wilcoxon test and the coefficient of interclass correlation. The BAS demonstrated good values for internal consistency (0.90 and 0.88) and was able to discriminate boys and girls according to nutritional state (p = 0.020 and p = 0.026, respectively). BAS scores correlated with adolescents' BMI (r = 0.14, p = 0.055; r = 0.23, p = 0.001) and WC (r =0.13, p = 0.083; r = 0.22, 0.002). Reliability was confirmed by the coefficient of inter-class correlation (0.35, p < 0.001; 0.60, p < 0.001) for boys and girls, respectively. The instrument performed well in terms of understanding and time of completion. BAS was successfully translated into Portuguese and presented good validity when applied to adolescents. O objetivo do estudo foi traduzir, validar e confirmar a confiabilidade da Escala de Áreas Corporais (EAC). Participaram 386 jovens de uma escola particular de ensino. Avaliou-se a consistência interna e a validade de constructo. Para confiabilidade, utilizou-se o teste de Wilcoxon e o coeficiente de correlação intraclasse. A EAC apresentou bons valores na consistência interna (0,90 e 0,88) e foi capaz de discriminar meninos e meninas, segundo o estado nutricional (p = 0,020 e p = 0,026), respectivamente. Correlacionou-se com o índice de massa corporal (r = 0,14, p = 0,055; r = 0,23, p = 0,001) e a circunferência da cintura (r = 0,13, p = 0,083; r = 0,22, p = 0,002). No reteste confirmou-se sua confiabilidade por meio da correlação intraclasse (0,35, p < 0,001; 0,60, p < 0,001), respectivamente para meninos e meninas. Verificou-se boa compreensão e tempo de conclusão. A EAC encontra-se traduzida, apresentando boa validade para aplicação na população adolescente.

A presente pesquisa objetivou avaliar a satisfação corporal de um grupo de adolescentes e as possíveis diferenças entre os sexos. Participaram do estudo 121 jovens, de ambos os sexos, matriculados numa instituição particular de ensino no ABC Paulista. Aplicaram-se entrevistas coletivas e individuais, com os dados analisados por meio da estatística descritiva e os depoimentos por meio da técnica do Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo, embasada na teoria das representações sociais. Entre as meninas, destacaram-se a idealização do corpo magro e os discursos vinculados às ideias do desejo de diminuir ou aumentar áreas corporais. Entre os meninos, foi observada a idealização do corpo eutrófico, além do desejo de diminuir áreas corporais e ganhar massa muscular. As ideias centrais de satisfação corporal foram verificadas em 1,8% e 23,3% dos discursos de meninas e meninos, respectivamente. Os dados indicam que a insatisfação corporal está presente na vivência destes jovens, com variações relacionadas aos prováveis mecanismos e reações atrelados ao gênero.This paper aimed to evaluate body satisfaction in a group of adolescents and the possible differences between sexes; 121 teenagers of both sexes, enrolled in a private high school in ABC Paulista, were studied. Collective and individual interviews were conducted and data base was analyzed through the descriptive analysis and the statements of the Collective Subject Discourse technique, based on the social representation theory. Girls evinced the idealization of the skinny body and the speeches rolled to the wish of decrease and increase body areas. Among boys it was observed the idealization of eutrophic body, as well as the wishes to reduce body's areas and increase muscle size The central body satisfaction ideas were verified in 1.8% and 23.3% of speeches among girls and boys, respectively. Data confirm that body dissatisfaction is present in the adolescent's reality, with variation connected with the probable mechanisms and reactions connected with gender.

OBJETIVO: Verificar a associação entre excesso de peso e insatisfação corporal de adolescentes de uma instituição da rede particular de ensino fundamental de Santo André, SP. MÉTODOS: Para avaliação do excesso de peso, utilizou-se o índice de massa corporal por idade e sexo, e para a avaliação da insatisfação corporal, aplicou-se a escala de satisfação das áreas corporais. RESULTADOS: Participaram do estudo 147 adolescentes, sendo 35,40% do sexo masculino e 64,60% do sexo feminino. Verificou-se que 44,23% dos meninos e 18,93% das meninas apresentaram excesso de peso; 1,92% dos meninos e 3,16% das meninas, magreza, e os demais (53,85% dos meninos e 58,98% das meninas) apresentaram estado nutricional normal. Constatou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre excesso de peso e insatisfação para as áreas do estômago, cintura e peso corporal nos meninos e para as áreas do cabelo, nádegas, quadril, coxas, pernas, estômago, ombros/costas, tônus muscular, peso e aparência geral para as meninas. CONCLUSÃO: Meninas com excesso de peso apresentaram-se mais insatisfeitas com diversas áreas corporais, mas isso não ocorre com os meninos. É recomendável que instituições de ensino médio e fundamental desenvolvam atividades profiláticas voltadas para a conscientização da percepção pessoal e social do adolescente, assim como das pressões a que ele está compelido.OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between overweight/obesity and body dissatisfaction among adolescents in a private school in Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: For the assessment of overweight/obesity, the body mass index for age and gender was used and for the body dissatisfaction evaluation, the body parts satisfaction scale was applied. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-seven adolescents were studied (35.40% males and 64.60% females). It was shown that 44.23% of the males and 18.93% of the females were overweight/obese, 1.92% of the males and 3.16% of the females were underweight and the others were normal. A statistically significant association between body dissatisfaction and overweight/obesity was found for the stomach, waist and body weight in boys and the hair, buttocks, hips, thighs, legs, stomach, shoulder/back, muscle strength, body weight and overall appearance in girls. CONCLUSION: Girls who were overweight/obese were more dissatisfied with a greater number of body areas than boys. It was recommended that middle and fundamental level schools develop prophylactic activities aimed at stimulating consciousness of personal and social perception in the adolescent and of the pressures to which he is submitted.

Resumo O estudo objetivou analisar a validade de construto, consistência interna e reprodutibilidade do Questionário de Mudança Corporal (QMC). Foram avaliados 439 meninas e meninos (13 a 22 anos). A validade de construto foi avaliada por meio da análise fatorial exploratória e correlações entre os escores do QMC, Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) e Escala de Silhuetas (ES). A confiabilidade foi acessada usando-se a consistência interna, e a reprodutibilidade pelo teste-reteste e pela correlação intraclasse. A escala apresentou estrutura fatorial composta por seis fatores, os quais representaram quase em sua totalidade as subescalas do instrumento. As correlações para a amostra total entre o QMC e as outras escalas variaram de 0,37 a 0,46. A consistência interna apresentou valores entre 0,78 e 0,96 para cada um dos fatores, e a correlação intraclasse foi condizente com uma boa reprodutibilidade. Os escores do teste-reteste não apresentaram diferenças significantes para a amostra total e entre os sexos. Conclui-se que o QMC apresenta boas qualidades psicométricas para os adolescentes brasileiros. Abstract This study aimed to examine construct validity, internal consistency, and reproducibility of the Body Change Questionnaire (BCQ). A total of 439 female and male adolescents (13-22 years of age) were evaluated. Construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis and correlation between the scores of the BCQ and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and Scale Silhouettes (SS). Reliability was assessed through internal consistency and reproducibility using test-retest and intra-class correlation. The scale presented a six-factor structure that almost entirely accounted for the instrument’s subscales. Correlations for the total sample between BCQ and scores of the other questionnaires ranged from 0.37 to 0.46. Internal consistency varied from 0.78 to 0.96 for each of the factors, and intra-class correlation was consistent with good reproducibility. The test-retest scores showed no statistically significant differences for the total sample or according to sex. The BCQ showed good psychometric qualities for Brazilian adolescents. Resumen El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar la validez de constructo, la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad del Cuestionario de Cambios Físicos (QMC por sus siglas en portugués). Se evaluaron a 439 niñas y niños (13-22 años). La validez de constructo se evaluó mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y las correlaciones entre las puntuaciones de la QMC, Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) y la Escala Silhouettes (ES). La confiabilidad se consiguió por la consistencia interna y la reproducibilidad test-retest y la correlación intra-clase. La escala tiene una estructura factorial compuesta por seis factores, que representaron casi en su totalidad las subescalas del instrumento. Las correlaciones de la muestra total entre QMC y las puntuaciones de los otros de cuestionarios oscilaron 0,37-0,46. La consistencia interna varió de 0,78 y 0,96 para cada uno de los factores y la correlación intraclase fue consistente con buena reproducibilidad. Las puntuaciones de test-retest mostraron diferencias significativas para la muestra total y de género. La conclusión es que el QMC tiene buenas cualidades psicométricas en adolescentes brasileños.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as propriedades psicométricas do Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ), com recurso à análise fatorial exploratória e confirmatória, validade convergente e discriminante, e reprodutibilidade (coeficiente de correlação intraclasse e α-Cronbach), realizadas com 287 universitários brasileiros entre 18 e 30 anos de idade. O MBCQ obteve estrutura fatorial adequada, com quatro fatores que explicam 64,32% da variância dos resultados, validade convergente - associação significativa (p < 0,01) com a insatisfação e checagem corporal (r igual a 0,51 e 0,35, respectivamente), e discriminante. Obteve satisfatória consistência interna (α-Cronbach variando de 0,89 a 0,94) e coeficiente de correlação intraclasse de 0,87. O MBCQ comprovou ser um instrumento válido e confiável para avaliação da checagem corporal para indivíduos do sexo masculino do Brasil. This study aimed to analyze the psychometric properties of the Male Body Checking Questionnaire (MBCQ) applying exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, concurrent and discriminant validity, and reliability (intra-class coefficient correlation and Cronbach's alpha). Two hundred and eighty seven Brazilian undergraduate students between 18 and 30 years old were evaluated. The MBCQ showed adequate factor structure with four factors that explain 64.32% of total variance, concurrent validity - significant association with body dissatisfaction (p < .01) and body-checking (r = .51 and .35, respectively), and discriminant validity. The MBCQ also showed good internal consistence (Cronbach's α between .89 and .94) and intra-class correlation coefficient (.87). In conclusion, it is a valid and reliable instrument to evaluate body-checking behaviors of Brazilian males.

This study aimed to examine construct validity, internal consistency, and reproducibility of the Body Change Questionnaire (BCQ). A total of 439 female and male adolescents (13-22 years of age) were evaluated. Construct validity was assessed by exploratory factor analysis and correlation between the scores of the BCQ and the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) and Scale Silhouettes (SS). Reliability was assessed through internal consistency and reproducibility using test-retest and intra-class correlation. The scale presented a six-factor structure that almost entirely accounted for the instrument's subscales. Correlations for the total sample between BCQ and scores of the other questionnaires ranged from 0.37 to 0.46. Internal consistency varied from 0.78 to 0.96 for each of the factors, and intra-class correlation was consistent with good reproducibility. The test-retest scores showed no statistically significant differences for the total sample or according to sex. The BCQ showed good psychometric qualities for Brazilian adolescents.

© 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Background Kleptomania is characterized by repetitive stealing and has severe consequences for patients. Stigma, a lack of standardized therapy and a limited number of assessment tools hinder advances in treatment. This study provides preliminary data on the Portuguese-language version of the Kleptomania Symptom Assessment Scale (P-K-SAS) and preliminary data on an outpatient program. Methods Experts in the field analyzed an initial P-K-SAS version, produced through translation/back-translation, in order to arrive at a final version. Eight patients currently on cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and 10 patients under maintenance CBT were initially assessed, then re-assessed 6 months later. Results The mean P-K-SAS score was higher among patients initiating CBT than among those under maintenance CBT (21.1 ± 8.0 vs. 11.3 ± 7.5; Mann-Whitney U = 15.0, P =.024). The final version of the P-K-SAS presented excellent reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.980; inter-item correlation, 0.638-0.907). Conclusions The P-K-SAS presented solid psychometrics and seems ready for use in assessing the effectiveness of treatments for kleptomania. The findings suggest that kleptomania patients need follow-up treatment that goes beyond the traditional 12-session structure.