Search

Recent World Health Organization records show that hypertension is more common in Africa than in other parts of the world, and remains a major common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, stroke, renal diseases, and death. However, little is known about hypertension management strategies among people in rural areas. Therefore, this phenomenological study aimed to investigate knowledge of hypertension management strategies among middle-aged adults in rural areas of Anambra state. Focus group discussions were used to collect data from 40 middle-aged adults (20 males and 20 females). The data were analysed thematically. Results showed that the participants were all aware of hypertension but lacked in-depth knowledge of disease management strategies. Most of the participants did not believe that engaging in regular physical exercise/activity, and other factors like reduction in salt and alcohol intake could help in controlling high blood pressure. Social workers who are also social service providers are needed to raise awareness among middle-aged people in rural areas about hypertension management strategies. This can be done through the provision of social services like education, health services, and transport services, as this will go a long way in helping rural dwellers gain more knowledge of hypertension management strategies. With the provision of health services, the rural population will not only know management strategies for hypertension but will also be able to check their blood pressure regularly, while transport services will make it possible for the rural population who do not have health centres in their community and means of transporting themselves to the neighbouring community for treatment to do so. Future research should focus on the importance of welfare/home visits as an avenue for awareness creation on hypertension management strategies, as this will be an avenue for the provision of better social services for people in rural areas and an improvement in social service research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frequent spontaneous combustion activities restrict ecological restoration of coal waste dumps after reclamation. Effective monitoring of vegetation restoration is important for ensuring land reclamation success and preserving the ecological environment in mining areas. Development of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology has enabled fine-scale vegetation monitoring. In this study, we focused on Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa), a representative herbaceous vegetation type, in a coal waste dump after reclamation in Shanxi province, China. The alfalfa aboveground biomass (AGB) was used as an indicator for assessing vegetation restoration. The objective of this study was to evaluate the capacity of UAV-based fusion of RGB, multispectral, and thermal infrared information for estimating alfalfa AGB using various regression models, including random forest regression (RFR), gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), K-nearest neighbor (KNN), support vector regression (SVR), and stacking models. The main results are as follows: (i) UAV multi-source data fusion improved alfalfa AGB estimation accuracy, although the enhancement diminished with the increasing number of sensor types. (ii) The stacking model consistently outperformed RFR, GBDT, KNN, and SVR regression models across all feature fusion combinations. It achieved high accuracy with R2 of 0.86–0.88, RMSE of 80.06–86.87 g/m2, and MAE of 60.24–62.69 g/m2. Notably, the stacking model based on only RGB imagery features mitigated the accuracy loss from limited types of features, potentially reducing equipment costs. This study demonstrated the potential of UAV in improving vegetation restoration management of coal waste dumps after reclamation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anthropogenic hybridization, or higher and non‐natural rates of gene flow directly and indirectly induced by human activities, is considered a significant threat to biodiversity. The primary concern for conservation is the potential for genomic extinction and loss of adaptiveness for native species due to the extensive introgression of non‐native genes. To alleviate or reverse trends for such scenarios requires the direct integration of genomic data within a model framework for effective management. Towards this end, we developed the simRestore R program as a decision‐making tool that integrates ecological and genomic information to simulate ancestry outcomes from optimized conservation strategies. In short, the program optimizes supplementation and removal strategies across generations until a set native genetic threshold is reached within the studied population. Importantly, in addition to helping with initial decision‐making, simulations can be updated with the outcomes of ongoing efforts, allowing for the adaptive management of populations. After demonstrating functionality, we apply and optimize among actionable management strategies for the endangered Hawaiian duck for which the current primary threat is genetic extinction through ongoing anthropogenic hybridization with feral mallards. Simulations demonstrate that supplemental and removal efforts can be strategically tailored to move the genetic ancestry of Hawaii's hybrid populations towards Hawaiian duck without the need to completely start over. Further, we discuss ecological parameter sensitivity, including which factors are most important to ensure genetic outcomes (i.e. number of offspring). Finally, to facilitate use, the program is also available online as a Shiny Web application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Through this research, it is expected to know the characteristics of the level of traffic density around railway crossings and contribute to improving the safety and efficiency of railway crossings in Indonesia. How is the inventory of vehicle traffic density at railway crossings in Madiun City? Based on the color condition of the highway map in the Google Maps application. The method carried out is to collect historical data on traffic conditions on the google map application at a specified JPL point with a certain period of time, namely during the morning, afternoon and evening rush hours, traffic density condition data is shown with certain color indications. As comparison data, samples of live-traffic data are taken on Google Maps which will be analyzed and identified the level of density of railway crossings. Data analysis was carried out to identify railway crossing points that are prone to congestion in the city of Madiun. Through analysis of railway crossing density data, crossing points that have high, medium and low density levels will be identified. Color condition data shows that the plot crossing on JPL 138 has a frequency percentage of 50.37% and 47.71% of the distance is green, with the level of vehicle traffic density is not dense to rather dense. JPL 138 crossing on the side of Jalan Yos Sudarso – Pahlawan has a higher level of traffic density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to explore the role of digital application integrity in improving business performance and as an effort to optimize overall management. Through literature reviews and case studies, we identify key factors that affect the integrity of digital applications, such as data security, system reliability, and regulatory compliance. We also evaluate the impact of digital application integrity on operational efficiency, productivity, and customer satisfaction. The results showed that the integrity of digital applications not only prevents security risks and data inaccuracies, but also contributes positively to overall business management. Businesses that focus on maintaining the integrity of their digital applications tend to experience improved performance, efficiency, and competitiveness. Therefore, companies need to prioritize the implementation of policies and practices related to the integrity of digital applications as an integral part of their management strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, private education plays an important role in China's education system, but there are a series of problems and challenges in the management of private education. The purpose of this study is to discuss and solve the problems existing in the management of private education through the method of fuzzy logic system. Firstly, the application of fuzzy logic systems in related fields is reviewed to understand the potential and advantages of fuzzy logic systems. Then, through the analysis of the main problems in the management of private education, the root of these problems and their impact on the education system are revealed. By establishing a private education management model based on fuzzy logic system, the application and function of this model in problem analysis and decision making are demonstrated. In the analysis of the results, the accuracy and effectiveness of the fuzzy logic system in the management of private education are evaluated, and the targeted management strategies and countermeasures are put forward to solve the problems in the management of private education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incomplete milking (IM) is one way of mitigating the negative energy balance (NEB) that is characteristic for early lactation and may increase the risk for disease. Our objectives were to test the effects of IM in early lactation on energy balance (EB), metabolic status, udder health, and subsequent performance. To facilitate the practical application, an automated system was used to remove the milking clusters once a predefined amount of milk is withdrawn. Forty-six Holstein cows were equally allocated to either the treatment (TRT, starting on 8 d in milk) or the control group (CON; conventional cluster removal at milk flow rate <0.3 kg/min). Milk removal in the TRT group was limited to the individual cow's milk yield 1 d before IM started and held constant for 14 d. Thereafter, all cows were conventionally milked and records related to EB, performance, and udder health were continued up to 15 wk of lactation. During the 14 d of IM, on average 11.1% less milk was obtained from the TRT cows than from the CON cows. Thereafter, milk yield increased in the TRT group, eliminating the group difference throughout the remaining observation period until wk 15 of lactation. The TRT cows tended to have less dry matter intake and also water intake than the CON cows. The extent of the NEB and the circulating concentrations of fatty acids, β-hydroxybutyrate, insulin-like growth factor-1, and leptin mostly did not differ between the groups. The IM did not affect body condition. Udder health was maintained over the entire observation period in all cows. Our results demonstrate the applicability of the automated cluster removal for limiting milk withdrawal to a defined amount in early lactation. However, it remains to be determined whether the absent effect on energy metabolism was due to the relatively stable energy status of the cows or to the relatively mild IM setting used herein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A common challenge in many cities in Europe is endangerment of natural resources due to soil and water pollution. Despite extensive investigation and remediation measures over decades and current practices of environmental management, residues of pollutants persist in soil and groundwater, reducing the functionality of many urban areas. In complex hydrogeological systems, where contaminated plumes are overlapping and/or diffuse contamination is present, technical and administrative activities have to be thoroughly planned and executed in the long term to secure the recovery of groundwater quality. Communities need a management strategy (MS) to manage soil and groundwater contamination in urban areas, especially where contamination exceeds local scales but does not reach the national level. A MS drives administrations to understand hydrogeological system properties, define new, reachable target values and give practical guidance for the implementation of necessary measures. Implementation of a MS fosters the early involvement of key stakeholders and their contribution to the development of MS itself. The strategy has proven to be an appropriate and flexible tool for the transfer of scientific knowledge to the planning, coordination and implementation necessary for the remediation of large-scale groundwater contamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rawa Jombor is a semiartificial reservoir whose contruction are works for serving the needs of irrigation in the dry season and as a floading control in the rainy season. Rawa Jombor also used for fish farming and floating restaurant by the community. The existence of the cages and floating restaurant can have a negative impact to the aquatic environment due to the disposal of waste and leftover food and metabolism that is deposited at the bottom of the water. This study aims to analyze the water quality, pollution levels and to develop a management strategy of Rawa Jombor. Water quality is measured at 9 sampling point determined by purposive sampling based on the use of Rawa Jombor. Pollution level is analized uses pollution index and the management strategy uses analytical Herarchy Process. The results show that Rawa Jombor has decreased water quality marked by several parameters that do not meet the class III of water quality standards according to Government Regulation No. 82 of 2001. Rawa Jombor is included in the category of mildly polluted in areas without activity, floating restaurant and fish cage for water allotment class I, II, III and IV with an average pollution index ranging from 1,02 to 2,886. To maintain the continuity of the Rawa Jombor, a management strategy with priority on the economic aspects is needed with the development of the Rawa Jombor for sustainable fisheries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several components of classical biological control (CBC) programmes are necessary to assess the success of the management strategy (e.g., post‐release monitoring) and also help prevent reintroductions or resurgences of invasive species (e.g., public awareness). Water hyacinth, Pontederia (= Eichhornia) crassipes (Mart.) Solms (Pontederiaceae) is an aquatic plant naturally distributed in the north‐eastern region of the Del Plata basin in Argentina. In the 1960s it was introduced into the Dique Los Sauces reservoir located outside of its native range in La Rioja Province, in western Argentina, where it became invasive. The natural enemy, Neochetina bruchi Hustache (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), was intentionally introduced in 1974 to control the weed. To assess the success of this CBC programme, a long‐term post‐release study was conducted. Between 1965 and 2023, we monitored plant coverage, estimated N. bruchi densities, and quantified the associated damage by reanalysing previously published data and incorporating new sampling. We also conducted an online survey to analyse public knowledge and perception about this programme. Water hyacinth coverage fluctuated from its first record in 1965 (maximum coverage 90%) until the control of germinated plants (coverage 0%) in 2018. The plant decline was accompanied by an increase in the weevil population. In our survey, out of 325 respondents only a small group of mostly middle‐aged and elderly people knew that the restoration had been achieved through a management strategy and even fewer were aware of the biocontrol approach taken. Respondents who had a positive approach to biological control were more aware of the management plan than respondents who had neutral or negative opinions. Neochetina bruchi has played a key factor in the control of P. crassipes. The intrinsic dynamics of these populations, the dormant seed bank, and the lack of public awareness support the need for long post‐release evaluations including outreach campaigns to make a sustainable successful management programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Severe symptomatic epidural hematoma (SSEH) is one of the most severe complications following percutaneous endoscopic unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression (Endo‐ULBD). Considering that this technique has been performed for a short time, no detailed reports have been recently published. Thus, it is critical to gain a better understanding of SSEH occurring in its postoperative period with regard to its incidence, possible causes, outcome, etc., in order to identify relevant management strategies. Methods: Patients with spinal stenosis who had undergone Endo‐ULBD in our department from May 2019 to May 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Of which, patients with postoperative epidural hematoma were followed‐up. The preoperative and postoperative physical conditions of each patient were recorded, and the information related to hematoma removal surgery was recorded in detail. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI), and the results were classified into "excellent," "good," "fair," or "poor" based on the modified MacNab criteria. The incidence of hematoma with different factors was calculated, and a bar graph was used to compare the difference of the indexes related to hematoma removal between cases, and a line graph was used to reflect the trend of the outcome of each patient within 6 months to evaluate the effect of the treatment. Results: A total of 461 patients with spinal stenosis who underwent Endo‐ULBD were enrolled in the study. SSEH occurred in four cases, with an incidence rate of 0.87% (4/461). All these four patients underwent decompression of multiple segments, and three of them had a history of hypertension comorbid with diabetes. Notably, one patient had a past history of hypertension and coronary artery disease and was on postoperative low molecular heparin due to lower extremity venous thrombosis. According to the conditions of the four patients, three types of treatment were used. And with timely treatment, all patients recovered well. Conclusion: Despite being a minimally invasive technique, postoperative epidural hematoma remains a severe complication of Endo‐ULBD. Therefore, during percutaneous endoscopic surgery, it is essential to enhance the comprehensive perioperative management of patients with Endo‐ULBD. Signs related to postoperative hematoma must be recognized and promptly managed. If necessary, satisfactory results can be achieved by using percutaneous endoscopy along the original surgical channel to remove the hematoma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The estimation of total economic valuation and environmental damages analysis can be used to analyze the tourism impacts. This study aimed to estimate the total economic value and damage, the management design, and analyze the degradation level of coral reef habitat in Bunaken National Park, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. The research was conducted in Bunaken National Park of North Sulawesi, including 5 major islands: Bunaken, Mantehage, Nain, Siladen, and Manado Tua Islands. The water quality measurement was observed on 4 different sites, based on the environmental condition. The variables measured including turbidity, water temperature, salinity, pH, oil and fat. Total economic value and economic value of ecosystem service analysis were also determined. The study showed that the total valuation of several resources was estimated to be Rp. 57.99 trillion, and the low contribution of the livestock sector is Rp. 1.6 billion, with the natural forest resources, indicated the high economic values. The current trend of increasing the growth area prior to the damaged area indicating successful maintainability. The damages are mainly caused by poverty and not strictly regulated policy and need to be reformulated to find the best fit management in Bunaken National Park. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study investigated reward management strategy as predictors of teachers' work attitude and mental well-being in secondary schools in Nsukka Education Zone. The study was guided with two research questions and two corresponding hypotheses that were tested at 0.05 level of significance. The design was a correlation survey with a population of 450 teachers with poor work attitude and mental well-being challenges in the 32 public secondary schools in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State, Nigeria. The sample size of 100 teachers was drawn using Taro Yamanene formula. Three self-designed measures titled Reward Management Strategy Scale (RMSS) Teachers' Work Attitude Scale (TWAS) and Teachers Mental Well-Being Scale (TMWBS) were used for data collection. The scales were face validated by experts and the internal consistency reliability coefficients of 0.78, 0.88 and 0.81 were computed for RMSS, TWAS and TMWBS through the use of Cronbach alpha. Simple regression was used to answer the research questions while t-test associated with simple regression was used to test the null hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The result of this study revealed that principals' reward management strategy significantly predicts 72.9% of teachers work attitude and 94.0% of teachers' mental well-being. Based on the conclusion and findings of this study, the researcher recommended that the principals should provide the needed and basic reward management such as recognition, compensation, capacity building programmes, housing and health insurance schemes in order to promote teachers work attitude and mental well-being in secondary schools in Nsukka Education Zone of Enugu State. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, because of serious global challenges including the consumption of energy and climate change, there has been an increase in interest in the environmental effect of port operations and expansion. More interestingly, a strategic tendency in seaport advancement has been to manage the seaport system using a model which balances environmental volatility and economic development demands. An energy efficient management system is regarded as being vital for meeting the strict rules aimed at reducing the environmental pollution caused by port facility activities. Moreover, the enhanced supervision of port system operating methods and technical resolutions for energy utilisation also raise significant issues. In addition, low-carbon ports, as well as green port models, are becoming increasingly popular in seafaring nations. This study comprises a comprehensive assessment of operational methods, cutting-edge technologies for sustainable generation, storage, and transformation of energy, as well as systems of smart grid management, to develop a green seaport system, obtaining optimum operational efficiency and environmental protection. It is thought that using a holistic method and adaptive management, based on a framework of sustainable and green energy, could stimulate creative thinking, consensus building, and cooperation, as well as streamline the regulatory demands associated with port energy management. Although several aspects of sustainability and green energy could increase initial expenditure, they might result in significant life cycle savings due to decreased consumption of energy and output of emissions, as well as reduced operational and maintenance expenses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of research on the importance of managing the energy transition in various economic sectors. The barriers and benefits of implementing a knowledge management and environmental management system in enterprises were considered. These factors are necessary for the effective planning and proper functioning of enterprises. Knowledge becomes the main and most dynamic factor responsible for the development of a given company, while environmental management ensures it achieves high economic efficiency of production and environmental rules and regulations. The article presents the results of the functioning of knowledge-based enterprises in contemporary conditions characterized by constant changes in the environment in terms of energy transformation. As part of my research, an algorithm was built based on which essential elements of the Polish energy policy strategy were defined enterprises in various sectors of the economy. In the holistic approach, a model of the functioning of knowledge-based enterprises was built and tested. On its basis, a prosumer/customer business model was proposed on the example of a photovoltaic installation. The study was conducted using the methods of economic measurement models. These methods allowed us to calculate the market value of the investment with the assumed boundary criteria and to determine its effectiveness. The research was carried out in 2020–2022 on the example of a real photovoltaic installation. The use of a photovoltaic installation in a company based on a business model is justified in practice and allows the company to reduce the electricity costs incurred, in this case by about 60%. Taking into account the result for the calculated payback period of 3 years, this proves that such an investment is very profitable for the company. The developed business model showed that the project of its implementation is fully economically justified and will allow investors to create various economic areas as part of the ongoing energy transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mangrove forest is a unique and vulnerable ecosystem. This ecosystem serves both ecological and economic purposes. The Siak government has begun to develop the Sungai Apit District mangrove area, which has potential. The goal of this research was to develop a sustainable mangrove ecotourism strategy through five research goals: (1) identification of mangrove species diversity; (2) identification of ecotourism supply; (3) identification of ecotourism demand, (4) development strategy of mangrove ecotourism, and (5) development of the potential for mangrove ecotourism to increase the SDGs value. This research was conducted from January to April 2020. The supply and demand of natural tourism objects and attractions were assessed using ADO-ODTWA criteria analysis. The IFAS/EFAS and SWOT analysis was used to develop a mangrove ecotourism development strategy based on the valuation of ADO-ODTWA aspects. The contribution of mangrove ecotourism to UNESCO's SDG indicators for sustainable development. According to research, there are 35 species of mangroves on the Sungai Apit coast. The outcomes demonstrated that the feasibility level of tourism attractions (204 points) and supporting elements (472 points) met high-level criteria. It indicated that the area had a high potential for development as a mangrove ecotourism area. Based on IFAS/EFAS, SWOT analysis and the grand strategy selection matrix, the position of mangrove ecotourism strategy was in Quadrant I (Strength-Opportunity). The strategy that could be developed included (1) developing special interest mangrove ecotourism product; (2) increasing facilities; (3) improving the quality of human resources; (4) developing a network on the website and (5) increasing coordination with the Government. By implementing ecotourism strategy, the SDGs can be achieved, including: no poverty (goal 1); decent work and economic growth (goal 8); climate action (goal 13); life below water (goal 14); life on land (goal 15); and partnerships to achieve goals (goal 17). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by its high invasiveness, high metastasis and poor prognosis. More than one-third of patients with TNBC will present with recurrence or distant metastasis. Chemotherapy based on anthracyclines and taxanes is the standard treatment strategy for metastatic TNBC (mTNBC). Due to the lack of expression of progesterone receptor, estrogen receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, therapies targeting these receptors are ineffective for mTNBC, thus special treatment strategies are required. In recent years, the development of new chemotherapy drugs, targeted drugs and immunotherapy drugs offers good prospects for the treatment of mTNBC. However, as these drugs are still in their infancy, several problems regarding the optimization and management of the clinical application of these new options should be considered. Pharmacists can play an important role in drug selection, drug therapy management, the management of adverse drug reactions and pharmacoeconomic evaluation. In this review, we summarized traditional treatment strategies, and discussed the efficacy and safety of novel agents approved in the last ten years and combination regimens for mTNBC, with the aim of providing management strategies for the clinical management of mTNBC from pharmacists' perspective. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microgrids (MGs) and networked (interconnected) microgrids (NMGs) are emerging as an efficient way for integrating distributed energy resources (DERs) into power distribution systems. MGs and NMGs can disconnect from the main grid and operate autonomously, strengthen grid resilience, and help mitigate grid disturbances and maintain power quality. In addition, when supported by sophisticated and efficient management strategies, MGs and NMGs have the ability to enhance power supply reliability. However, their deployment comes with many challenges, in particular regarding the efficient management of DERs. That is why a survey of recent advances in the smart management—the term refers to a variety of planning and control tasks—of MGs and NMGs is presented in this paper. It aims at establishing a picture of strategies and identifying trends in methods. The reader is provided with an in-depth analysis of a variety of papers recently published in peer-reviewed journals: the way the methods are used and the common issues addressed by the scientific community are discussed. Following this analysis, one can especially observe that (1) model-based predictive control (MPC) is emerging as a competitive alternative to conventional methods, in particular in voltage and frequency regulation and DER management (2) due to their ability to handle complex tasks, data-driven strategies are getting more and more attention from the scientific community (3) game theory (GT) is a very good candidate for efficient management of complex systems as NMGs (4) MPC and artificial intelligence are increasingly being used for proper MG islanded operation or to manage electric vehicles (EVs) efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Strengthening emergency management of construction safety accidents is an urgent problem. There are few researches on how to ensure emergency intervention to achieve low casualties and property losses after accidents. The paper presented a novel safety emergency management strategy of construction projects: based on analysis methods of polymorphic fuzzy reliability. In the research process, the emergency management and system reliability methods are integrated to build an accident tree analysis model for safety emergency management in construction projects, which is transformed into a polymorphic Bayesian network based on reliability. It makes up for the problem that it is difficult to describe the polymorphism of events and the indeterminacy of logic relations in fault tree analysis. The authors added the fuzzy set theory into the Bayesian network to determine the exact probability of different states of nodes, then the posterior probability and critical importance degree of each root node are calculated. Research result shows that integrating reliability theory with emergency management can improves the reliability of the entire system by analyzing the weak links of the Bayesian network system. The research can provide a reference for safety accident analysis in a multi-state complex system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to find out the feasibility of Semongkat Natural Tourism Park as an object and natural tourist attraction and menemukenali natural tourism park management strategy semongkat. This research uses quantitative and qualitative methods. Population in this study is divided into several groups, namely the semongkat natural tourism park management group, the semongkat hamlet community group and the semongkat natural tourism park visitor group. Determination of respondents for semongkat natural tourism park managers using purposive sampling methods. After the respondent is considered to understand then the determination of respondents in this study is based on snowball sampling techniques which is one form of judgment sampling. Data collection techniques use literature studies, interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The data analysis used in this study is the Guidelines for Analysis of The Area of Operations and Natural Attractions (ADO-ODTWA) of the Director General of PHKA 2003 and SWOT analysis. From the analysis of the data, it shows that Semongkat Natural Tourism Park deserves to be developed with a feasibility presentation of 76.11% can be done using the SO (Strenght-Opportunity) strategy, namely developing tourist attractions and all tourism potential contained in semongkat natural tourism parks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some previous studies have depicted the law in China as a weapon of resistance for the weak and recent apparently pro-labour national statutes are seen as empowering workers. The law governing the practices of labour relations has, however, become a tool for employers to counter rising labour activism. In this article, a detailed case study illustrates how factory managers used the law to control labour since the strike wave of 2010. The legal framework for labour relations and China's strong state made this new management strategy possible. The law is a combination of labour-related laws, including criminal regulations beyond the labour acts, redolent with inconsistent interpretations and applications. This mixture allows some employers to flexibly deploy the law to discipline workers and constrain collective labour. Consequently, when applied in workplaces, the law is not as labour-friendly as it may appear, but it is so malleable that it may be both the worker's weapon of resistance and the employer's tool of control. This study enriches the understanding of labour relations in China by including employers' strategies and behaviours, which are often neglected in labour studies, and also explores how the macro-level political-legal context shapes workplace dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study collected the opinion of nephrologists from the health centers of the Lambayeque Healthcare Network regarding the referrals sent to the hemodialysis services of the Almanzor Aguinaga Asenjo National Hospital to have sufficient elements and develop a management strategy and the timely referral of predialysis patients. It presents an analytical descriptive design and seeks to characterize the problematic situation experienced by the care centers of the healthcare network. The population consisted of 20 specialist doctors who answered a questionnaire with multiple-choice questions, open questions, and other dichotomous ones, obtaining that 70% of the doctors who refer patients lack adequate training regarding the Management of the technical rules; 50% of the doctors of the reference centers express their dissatisfaction with the system; however, the quality is affected because a significant percentage of general practitioners affirm that they do make a referral correctly, which is why there is considerable inconsistency in the perception of the service; Regarding the continuity for the follow-up of patients on predialysis, 45% of specialist doctors affirm that patients do not receive an optimal predialysis evaluation before being referred to the referral center. Conclusions: The Management of referrals for predialysis patients to the referral center is not adequate, and the proposal of a timely referral system to these specialized centers is necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The virus 2019-nCoV rapidly crossed the globe in the first quarter of 2020, and the global civil aviation industry contributed to the spread of the virus. The aircraft deplaning process is one of the critical stages of the spread of infectious diseases and merits careful research accordingly. However, little effort has been made to tailor the civil aircraft deplaning process to the existence of patients with severe acute airborne disease. In this study, we explore a mixed patient-health pedestrian deplaning flow from a Boeing 737-300's with a full economy-class layout as per the virus spread dynamics during the process. We develop feasible deplaning management strategies that can reduce the inflection risk to the healthy passengers during the deplaning process. We then quantitatively compare the deplaning process before and after adopting the proposed strategies. The numerical results show that the proposed strategies effectively reduce the risk of infection during the deplaning process but sacrifice deplaning efficiency. We assert that health outweighs efficiency, and find that the proposed strategy may thus have practical value and potentially be of use to administrators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of management strategy and leader performance on asatidz discipline in Islamic boarding schools Daar El Huda and Miftahul Khaer Tangerang. The method used in this study was a descriptive correlational method with a quantitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, questionnaires. and documentation. The conclusions obtained from this study are: The effect of management strategy on asatidz discipline in Islamic boarding school Daar El Huda and Miftahul Khaer Tangerang is known to have tcount 8.967 greater than ttable with a value of 1.66, with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05. So that the hypothesis Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. There is an influence of the leader's performance on the discipline of Ponpes Daar El Huda and Miftahul Khaer Tangerang known to have tcount 7.106 greater than ttable with a value of 1.66, with a significance level of 0.000 0.05, so the hypothesis Ha is accepted. and H0 is rejected. The results of hypothesis testing The effect of management strategy and leader performance on asatidz asatidz discipline at Ponpes Daar El Huda and Miftahul Khaer Tangerang is found that Fcount 24,986 > Ftable 3,294, with a significance level of 5%. So Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, thus it can be concluded that there is an influence between management strategy (X1) and leader performance (X2) on asatidz discipline (Y) at Islamic Boarding Schools Daar El Huda and Miftahul Khaer Tangerang. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This study aims to investigate solutions to answer several questions regarding the direct influence of the respond to environmental turbulence (ET) on firm performance (FP) and indirectly through business model transformation (BMT) on telecommunication internet service provider (ISP) in Indonesia. Furthermore, given the importance of telecommunication services for Indonesia to continue developing amid volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity, technology disruption impacts the telecommunication business. Also, investigating the relationship between BMT and FP simultaneously by embracing ET. Referring to the phenomena above, it is necessary to analyze what factors affect company performance. Therefore, this study aims to examine the effect of ET on FP, the effect of ET on BMT and the effect of ET on FP through BMT. Design/methodology/approach: This study surveyed 239 ISPs in Indonesia through their top-level management representatives. In addition, this study analyzed the overall model good of fit and causal relationship using confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling. This type of research is verification research. This study takes a quantitative approach by measuring the sample variables built on the construct and representing the study population. Verification research aims to test answers to several research questions regarding ET variables, BMT and company performance. The data are primarily collected through questionnaires distributed online. Respondents are the top management of every ISP organization and company as the unit analysis in this study. Of the 298 questionnaires distributed, 239 valid responses (80.2%) were obtained using the cross-sectional time method, and samples that met these criteria were carried out using a simple random sampling technique. This study uses a multivariant measure in measuring construct dimensions. All items have been rated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 1 ("strongly disagree") to 5 ("strongly agree"). Findings: The results prove that responding to ET does not directly affect FP but indirectly affects FP through BMT. Thus, solutions to improve FP rely on BMT and build by developing responses to ET. The author finds that novelty BMT design is significantly related to what factors drive the business transformation towards achieving performance. Although, this study also finds that BMT positively mediates the relationship between ET to influence performance. ET alone is no longer adequate, and organizations need to revamp the BMT to achieve FP. The organization needs to leverage ET to respond to a shifting basis of competition and create a creative strategy to bring unserved customer segments and offer a high value for customer experience. This study also contributed to the movement of research trends targeted at BMT. This study provides an appropriate riposte for quantitative empirical studies that elucidate the correlation between BMT and FP by simultaneously embracing and managing ET. The relationship between BMT and the factors that support it will be higher comprehend when contextualized. This paper finds different designs and impacts of BMT on business transformation results that culminate in firm business performance as it faces an uncertain business environment that grows dynamically. Although this novelty is important, the authors found no support for effectiveness. However, this study highlights the robustness of the important factors that drive BMT to work effectively to improve business performance. Research limitations/implications: This research using the cross-sectional approach, thus cannot capture behavior over a period, might miss seizing the dynamic variable over an extensive period. Longitudinal studies can provide broader findings, especially by capturing the results of various dynamics levels in a certain period, and can analyze the causal relationship between variables in various time conditions. This research data was collected based on the provisions before COVID-19. Therefore, in the future, it may be useful to understand if there are differences in results during COVID-19. Further, researchers advise examining specific pandemic contingency factors as moderating variables for the current research model. Practical implications: This study provides the implications of three factors such as: theoretical aspect: enriches the contingency theory view with RBV integrated industrial organization approach: systematically share organization to manage the business transformation based on the situation environment. This research contributes to leveraging contingency theory and dynamic capability theory by presenting organizational interactions that adapt to changes caused by ET changes in internal and based on external situations. Managerial aspect: This study provides managers with a comprehensive perspective on enhancing strategic dynamics by understanding and developing capabilities adapted from dynamic markets. Besides, regulation is an important driving factor for business continuity. Adaptive regulation is predictive in nature and anticipates various future changes in line with business developments in the 4.0 era. Investigating a set of antecedents of ET in changing business models has highlighted the importance of complementarity as a critical factor in developing future research. Regulatory aspect: Telecommunication regulations must be able to predict, anticipate and respond to challenges of technological development and the needs of society; involving practitioners who are competent in drafting regulations (fair business competition); involving independent bodies in carrying out regulations and regulations do not need to regulate technical details related to technology details because technology changes rapidly. Therefore, another recommendation for the managerial is managers need to improve skills to build ET strategic competencies on strategic resource flexibility, adapt to rapid changes and increase insight into opportunities associated with strategy implementation. Managers require developing a team that acts as a creative change agent to identify and predict unstable business conditions and harmonize changes from uncertainty in implementing policies and regulations. Managers must apply their leadership style effectively to appropriate situations to adapt to the effects of changing markets, regulations and competitors. Social implications: Telecommunication regulations expect to answer the global community's needs that have developed into a networked civil society via the internet, answering the community's needs, not just to follow trends and technological speeds. The implication of research on regulators requires the need to quickly formulate new regulations because the lengthy process of drafting regulations will result in unclear rules of play between stakeholders involved in business and communication technology. Originality/value: This study extends the contingency theory and dynamic capabilities through organizational interactions, collaborative with RBV theory, and this study also extends previous research on business model innovation. Respond to ET alone cannot face unpredictable business turbulence. Organizations need to revamp the business model to achieve performance and examine BMT's central role as unique to the service context and distinct from the more studied innovation process. This study highlights the strength of the critical factors that drive the BMT to work effectively to improve business performance, which shows the importance of paradigm-shifting innovation through empirical studies that explain the correlation between BMT and FP while embracing response to ET. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Invasive alien plant species have been identified as a major threat to biodiversity and the relationship with native avian dispersers may increase their invasion potential. The impact of invasive plant species needs to be quantified using comparable assessment tools across different habitats and species to allocate limited resources to high-priority species. Here, we used the Generic Impact Scoring System (GISS) to assess the impacts of 16 fleshy-fruited alien invasive plant species in South Africa generally dispersed by native avian species. The results showed that fleshy-fruited invasive species have both environmental and socioeconomic impacts. The cumulated impact scores for lantana (Lantana camara) and the tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima) were the highest, with scores of 42 and 32, respectively. Some species, such as white mulberry (Morus alba), camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora), American bramble (Rubus cuneifolius) and Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius), had low overall impact scores of 8, 18, 14 and 16, respectively, but scored the maximum impact of 5 for certain mechanisms. Environmental impacts of fleshy-fruited invasive plant species had a high impact magnitude through effects on the ecosystem and vegetation. Socio-economic impacts were mainly through effects on forest production, agriculture and human health. Species with large crop sizes, small seeds and fruit sizes had higher environmental and socio-economic impact magnitude. The information generated in this study is important for guiding resource allocation and preventing the uncontrolled introduction of invasive species in South Africa. The impact of the fleshy-fruited invasive species transcended sectors and, therefore, effective management of invasive species will require the collaboration of multiple and inter-sectoral stakeholders in South Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pragmatic management of invasive alien species should integrate two essential items: 1) management interventions and 2) a spatially explicit management plan. Predicting the future expansion of target species in a region at the early invasion stage is an important step toward the establishment of a spatially explicit management plan. However, information regarding the distributions of target species is limited, making it challenging to predict range expansions. In the present study, we established a simulation model that could predict the future expansion of the invasive insect Aromia bungii, which is harmful to Prunus trees (including cherry trees [Cerasus × yedoensis]), in Japan. We employed a virtual ecology approach that simulated species dynamics based on a simple model in Saitama Prefecture, which is in the Kanto region of Japan. Since the first record of the species in this region of Japan in 2013, its range has expanded dramatically. Three candidate pathways and combinations of these for the range expansion of A. bungii were tested to identify the major proxies of expansion for this species, followed by the validation of these results using occurrence records for the species through 2019. Both the river density model and combined river and road density models showed good predictive performance. Using these models, we established a predictive map of the future expansion of this species in the wider range of the simulation area. Based on the results, we recommend concentration of management efforts in the mid-northeast region of the Saitama Prefecture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims : This multi-centre study examined the effects of restricted availability of health-care services during the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) in Finland. Methods: Data on referrals to cardiological units (n =81,008), emergency department (ED) visits (n =10,001) and hospitalisations (n =8654) for CAD were collected from three large Finnish hospitals, and incidences were calculated per 100,000 persons for the years 2017 through 2020. Year 2020 was compared to the reference years 2017–2019 by incidence rate ratios (IRR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: Referrals to cardiological units decreased after the onset of the pandemic in March to May (IRR=0.83, 95% CI 0.81–0.86). ED visits due to acute coronary syndrome decreased during the first months of the pandemic, with the overall annual incidence 2–14% lower than in the reference years. ED visits due to chronic CAD increased prominently during in April and May compared to the corresponding months in the reference years (IRR=1.49, 95% CI 1.23–1.81 in April; IRR=1.57, 95% CI 1.32–1.89 in May) and remained elevated until the end of 2020, with an increase in annual incidence of 17% (IRR=1.17, 95% CI 1.11–1.24). Conclusions : The first COVID-19 wave decreased ED visits due to acute coronary syndromes and increased those due to chronic CAD. The changes in referral and ED visit incidences during the second wave were rather modest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sport is characterized by a series of moments such as commitment, struggle, competition, joy, satisfaction, representing the sphere of relations with one's neighbour both as a partner and as an opponent, face to face with one's own limits: the management of the sports sector must be based on these and other values. Sports system is characterized by a strong human and relational component and by a close link between environment and organization. In this context, compliance with the rules becomes the cornerstone of a sports management approach that aims to promote the education of the individual. The sports management strategy should at the same time include respect for others, therefore attention and care among all subjects, offering the possibility of welcoming the diversity of actors. These dynamics must be our drivers to outline a sports management strategy capable of developing and consolidating some of the main pedagogical values in the individual, stimulating an educational path that will benefit the entire community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management of forest fire is one of the top priority activities of forest departments, both in tropics and temperate regions. Extensive amount and intensive efforts are deployed to combat fire. The results of a case study on forest fire prone mapping conducted at Periyar tiger reserve in Western Ghats of Kerala, India, was highlighted, and based on the study, the implementation of fire management strategies were discussed. The fire risk map was validated with the forest fire inventory points of Forest Survey of India. Forest fire is a frequent occurrence in tropical forests, especially in moist deciduous and dry deciduous regions. Though forest fire management is one of the major activities of forest departments, the forest fire mitigation is not 100% successful. The magnitude of forest fire, its frequency, potential location, etc., can be assessed using Geoinformatics techniques, by giving different weightage status to fire controlling factors. A case study was conducted on these lines and control measures were highlighted using different management strategies. The implementation of the desired action plan for sustainable development and conservation of forests can be successful only by getting the full support and confidence of the stakeholders. The stakeholder support for environmental management aspects is possible only by convincing them that they are directly or indirectly getting the benefits by the proposed action. Usually, most of the environmental management activities may lead to nontangible benefits, which is apparently non-visible, hence getting stakeholder support may not be an easy task. Various marketing strategies needs to be used to convince the beneficiaries to implement good conservation practices for the betterment of the local inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Renewable energy is becoming the main subject of energy consumption with the accelerating transformation of energy structure. The renewable power supply systems sourced by wind and solar energies have attracted wide attention as they are of great significance to regions that are rich in renewable energy. In this study, the stable power system consisting of solar, wind and liquid carbon dioxide energy storage is proposed for the sake of meeting user electricity load. Thermodynamic and economic performance of the proposed systems with different application scenarios is analyzed and some interesting findings are summarized. The round trip efficiency and energy density of the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system are 58.34 % and 23.41 kWh/m3, respectively. The start hour of dispatch can cause obvious influence on the energy storage capacity and there is an optimal dispatch start time to achieve the minimum energy storage capacity. The overall energy efficiency of energy storage-aided power system including solar and wind powers is much higher than that of the single sourced system. The energy efficiency of the solar-wind-LCES system is 94.61 % while it is only 80.31 % and 76.29 % for the wind-LCES and solar-LCES systems, respectively. The introduction of the liquid carbon dioxide energy storage into the renewable power supply system can greatly reduce the electricity purchasing investment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New treatment modalities have been recently introduced in the management of ovarian cancer (OC). Herein, we sought to investigate their implementation in routine clinical practice and examine the real-world management of OC in Greece. EpOCa was a non-interventional, multicenter, retrospective study in patients with advanced epithelial OC. The primary outcome was to estimate the proportions of the different treatment regimens used per line of therapy, while progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were the key secondary endpoints. A total of 154 patients were enrolled in the study, among whom, 40% were tested for BRCA mutations and 30% were found to be positive. Nearly 90% of patients underwent debulking surgery at diagnosis, with few operations being also recorded upon relapse. Platinum-based chemotherapy (CT) was predominantly used in the first line with half of patients also receiving angiogenesis inhibitor (AI), while non-platinum-based CT was preferred in later lines. The median PFS was 18.2 and 8.8 months in the first- and second-line setting, respectively, whereas the median OS was approximately 50 months. Our study adds to the available, but limited, real world data on the management of ovarian cancer providing evidence regarding the applied treatment strategies and outcomes of patients in Greece. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Pregnancy termination during the second trimester in patients with placenta previa and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a complex and challenging clinical problem. Based on our literature review, there has been a relative increase in the number of such cases being treated by hysterotomy and/or local uterine lesion resection and repair. In the present study, a retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes when different management strategies were used to terminate pregnancy in the patients with placenta previa and PAS. Methods: A total of 51 patients who underwent pregnancy termination in the second trimester in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between June 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All patients having previous caesarean delivery (CD) were diagnosed with placenta previa status and PAS. Results: ① Among the 51 patients, 16 cases received mifepristone and misoprostol medical termination, 15 cases received mifepristone and Rivanol medical termination, but 1 of them was transferred to hysterotomy due to failed labor induction, another 20 cases were performed planned hysterotomy. There was no placenta percreta cases and uterine artery embolization (UAE) was all performed before surgery.② There were 31 cases who underwent medical termination and 30 cases were vaginal delivery. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) were used in 20 cases of medical abortion failure and in all 30 cases of difficult manual removal of placental tissue. ③ A statistically significant difference was found among the three different strategies in terms of gestational weeks, the type of placenta previa status, main operative success rate and β-HCG regression time (P < 0.05). ④ There were 4(7.8%) cases who were taken up for hysterectomy because of life-threatening bleeding or severe bacteremia during or after delivery and hysterotomy. The uterus was preserved with the implanted placenta partly or completely left in situ in 47(92.2%) cases. Combined medical and/or surgical management were used for the residual placenta and the time of menstrual recovery was 52(range: 33 to 86) days after pregnancy termination. Conclusions: Terminating a pregnancy by vaginal delivery through medical induction of labor may be feasible if clinicians have an overall understanding of gestational age, the type of placenta previa status, the type of placenta accreta, and patients concerns about preserving fertility. A collaborative team effort in tertiary medical centers with a very experience MDT and combined application of multiple methods is required to optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Pregnancy termination during the second trimester in patients with placenta previa and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a complex and challenging clinical problem. Based on our literature review, there has been a relative increase in the number of such cases being treated by hysterotomy and/or local uterine lesion resection and repair. In the present study, a retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes when different management strategies were used to terminate pregnancy in the patients with placenta previa and PAS. Methods: A total of 51 patients who underwent pregnancy termination in the second trimester in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between June 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All patients having previous caesarean delivery (CD) were diagnosed with placenta previa status and PAS. Results: ① Among the 51 patients, 16 cases received mifepristone and misoprostol medical termination, 15 cases received mifepristone and Rivanol medical termination, but 1 of them was transferred to hysterotomy due to failed labor induction, another 20 cases were performed planned hysterotomy. There was no placenta percreta cases and uterine artery embolization (UAE) was all performed before surgery.② There were 31 cases who underwent medical termination and 30 cases were vaginal delivery. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) were used in 20 cases of medical abortion failure and in all 30 cases of difficult manual removal of placental tissue. ③ A statistically significant difference was found among the three different strategies in terms of gestational weeks, the type of placenta previa status, main operative success rate and β-HCG regression time (P < 0.05). ④ There were 4(7.8%) cases who were taken up for hysterectomy because of life-threatening bleeding or severe bacteremia during or after delivery and hysterotomy. The uterus was preserved with the implanted placenta partly or completely left in situ in 47(92.2%) cases. Combined medical and/or surgical management were used for the residual placenta and the time of menstrual recovery was 52(range: 33 to 86) days after pregnancy termination. Conclusions: Terminating a pregnancy by vaginal delivery through medical induction of labor may be feasible if clinicians have an overall understanding of gestational age, the type of placenta previa status, the type of placenta accreta, and patients concerns about preserving fertility. A collaborative team effort in tertiary medical centers with a very experience MDT and combined application of multiple methods is required to optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 patients require early treatment and admission to an appropriate care setting, considering possible rapid and unpredictable to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. A flow-chart was developed by a multidisciplinary team of Emergency Department (ED) clinicians, intensivists and radiologists aiming to provide tools for disease severity stratification, appropriate ventilation strategy and hospitalization setting identification. We conducted a retrospective application of our model on 313 hospitalized patients at Pisa University Hospital including 222 patients admitted to ED for respiratory failure between March and April 2020. Risk stratification score was based on respiratory and chest imaging parameters, while management strategy on comorbidities and age. Age, comorbidities, clinical respiratory and arterial blood gas parameters, semi-quantitative chest computed tomography score were significant predictors of mortality (p<0.05). Mortality rate was higher in patients treated in intensive care units (26.5%) and undergoing endo-tracheal intubation (32.7%), compared to medical area (21.3%). We verified a good concordance (81.7%) between the proposed model and actual evaluation in ED. Outcomes analysis of subgroups of patients homogeneous for baseline features allowed to verify safety of our model: in non-elderly and/or non-comorbid patients (15% mortality) our scheme overestimates the risk in 30% of cases, but it suggests non-intensive management in patients with reduced functional reserve, elderly and with comorbidities (50% mortality). Correct management of respiratory failure COVID-19 patients is crucial in this unexpected pandemic. Our flow-chart, despite retrospectively application in small sample, could represents a valid and safe proposal for evaluation in ED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Backgrounds: Pregnancy termination during the second trimester in patients with placenta previa and placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) is a complex and challenging clinical problem. Based on our literature review, there has been a relative increase in the number of such cases being treated by hysterotomy and/or local uterine lesion resection and repair. In the present study, a retrospective analysis was conducted to compare the clinical outcomes when different management strategies were used to terminate pregnancy in the patients with placenta previa and PAS.Methods: A total of 51 patients who underwent pregnancy termination in the second trimester in Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital between June 2013 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed in this study. All patients having previous caesarean delivery (CD) were diagnosed with placenta previa status and PAS.Results: ① Among the 51 patients, 16 cases received mifepristone and misoprostol medical termination, 15 cases received mifepristone and Rivanol medical termination, but 1 of them was transferred to hysterotomy due to failed labor induction, another 20 cases were performed planned hysterotomy. There was no placenta percreta cases and uterine artery embolization (UAE) was all performed before surgery.② There were 31 cases who underwent medical termination and 30 cases were vaginal delivery. Dilation and evacuation (D&E) were used in 20 cases of medical abortion failure and in all 30 cases of difficult manual removal of placental tissue. ③ A statistically significant difference was found among the three different strategies in terms of gestational weeks, the type of placenta previa status, main operative success rate and β-HCG regression time (P < 0.05). ④ There were 4(7.8%) cases who were taken up for hysterectomy because of life-threatening bleeding or severe bacteremia during or after delivery and hysterotomy. The uterus was preserved with the implanted placenta partly or completely left in situ in 47(92.2%) cases. Combined medical and/or surgical management were used for the residual placenta and the time of menstrual recovery was 52(range: 33 to 86) days after pregnancy termination.Conclusions: Terminating a pregnancy by vaginal delivery through medical induction of labor may be feasible if clinicians have an overall understanding of gestational age, the type of placenta previa status, the type of placenta accreta, and patients concerns about preserving fertility. A collaborative team effort in tertiary medical centers with a very experience MDT and combined application of multiple methods is required to optimize patient outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study focuses on experiences of relational tensions and management strategies in family relationships among 18 young adults with foster care backgrounds who participated in interviews. In the analysis drawing from relational dialectics, three main tensions were revealed in the participants' relationships with birth and foster family members or in their romantic relationships: the dialectics of emotional distance-closeness, integration-separation and sameness-otherness. In addition, the tension of the childhood dialectic of responsibility was identified in this study. The tensions were managed utilizing eight strategies. The findings highlight the importance of giving a voice to young adults who have experienced the complex web of relationships in at least two families and of sensitizing both birth and foster parents and other adults working with foster children and youth to these tensions in relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mineral resources of the Republic of Srpska enable the exploitation and processing of mineral raw materials in the metal, metal processing, construction, chemical industry, cement industry, ceramics and construction materials, etc. The largest part (over 90% in terms of value) are reproductive materials for processing in other industries and a smaller part are products that go directly to the market. In the conditions of increasing and faster technological development and with the tendency of increasing exploitation of natural resources in the world with changes of previous life conceptions, there was a need to analyze the sustainability of the mineral resources and natural resources use for further development of the Republic. The importance of a clearly defined Strategy for Management and Utilization of Mineral Resources and Raw Materials in the Globalization and Advanced Technologies Era is shown in the paper, which would enable planning and defining the goals of the use of mineral resources, clearer identification of the potential mineral resources, and basic starting data for creating the activities in order to more rational and economically efficient management of the natural resources in the Republic of Srpska. At the global level, it has become clear that geology is a very important geopolitical factor in the 21st century. The importance of disposition find knowing where, how many and what types of mineral resources we have, can be achieved through to the several strategic activities. The development of the Strategy for the Management and Utilization of Mineral Resources of the Republic of Srpska, the "central interactive" database of mineral resources and the establishment of the Agency or the Directorate for Mineral Resources, are some of the proposals for these strategic activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to develop a fishery product business management strategy in Teluk Kabung Utara Village, Padang City. The research was conducted from 21 December 2020 to 20 January 2021. The study was conducted using a qualitative approach to survey methods and direct observation in the field. Data collection was carried out through observation and in-depth interviews with a structured questionnaire instrument. Secondary data were obtained from related agencies in this study. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis method and SWOT analysis to determine the appropriate management strategy. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the priority strategy related to the management of fish processing units is to support aggressive strategies, namely strategies that are carried out by utilizing all strengths to seize and take advantage of the greatest opportunities. The strategies for managing fishery product businesses in Teluk Kabung Utara Village are: 1) Maximizing the use of a wide range of markets in high demand for products by conducting good coordination among fishery product business owners, 2) Maximizing the use of capital assistance provided by the government by Right in order to develop a fishery product business. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to formulate a management strategy for the fish processing unit in Sihene'asi Village, Lahewa District, North Nias Regency. The research was conducted from 21 December 2020 to 23 January 2021. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach through survey methods and direct observation in the field. Primary data collection was carried out through observation and in-depth interviews with a structured questionnaire instrument. Secondary data were obtained from related agencies in this study. The analysis used in this research is descriptive analysis method and SWOT analysis to determine the appropriate management strategy. The results of the SWOT analysis show that the priority strategy related to the management of the fish processing unit is to support an aggressive strategy, a strategy that is made by utilizing all strengths to seize and take advantage of the greatest possible opportunities. The management strategies of the fish processing unit in Sihene'asi Village are: 1) Maximizing the use of raw materials in meeting market demand through cooperation between UPI managers, 2) Maximizing traditional processing technology appropriately in order to maintain the taste image of fishery products and 3) Developing a group institutional system. fish processing by cooperating with the government / private sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The negative impact of invasive alien plants (IAPs) in protected areas (PAs) is managed through control programmes, often using area‐based management, where identified IAPs in management units are controlled simultaneously. However, this approach has shortfalls, including the methods used to prioritise management units, spatial grain dependence and spatial interdependence of management units. Species‐based management approaches, though used less frequently, are usually aimed at eradication.We propose using a Commonness framework to reconcile area‐based and species‐based management approaches, viewing the invasion process as a population trajectory from uncommon to common. The framework assigns species to one of eight commonness types at a given scale using three species characteristics: local population size (small/large), geographic range (wide/narrow) and spatial pattern (even/clumped). These metrics were calculated using a comprehensive fine‐scale IAP dataset from Table Mountain National Park, South Africa, at six scales of increasing spatial grain, enabling quantification of the effects of scale and species' range structure on management potential of IAPs.Most species exhibited the Point Source commonness type at fine spatial grains, requiring Rapid Response, Reconnaissance or Sweeping management strategies. At coarser grains, species were mostly classed within wide occupancy ranges, with small population sizes (Dispersed and Sparse types). The Control strategy currently applied in the area (best suited for large populations across a narrow range) should be re‐evaluated given the progress made by historical clearing in reducing commonness. Using a phylo‐tree, we identified adjacent areas that require different strategies as well as changes in species‐specific goals at particular sites with increasing grain coarseness. For example, species generally deemed to be common, for which a Control strategy is applied, may require Rapid Response type strategies for isolated and/or small, clumped subpopulations.Synthesis and applications. We use a Commonness framework to quantify patterns of plant invasion at multiple spatial scales. We demonstrate how different management strategies are appropriate for the same species in different parts of its invaded range, and how these nuances are often obscured through the use of coarse data. The framework enables tailoring management interventions to minimise the spread and impact of invasive alien plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Define a more general mixed traffic flow with both connected automated vehicles (CAVs) and connected vehicles (CVs). • Study analytical approach for stability analysis of the new mixed traffic flow. • Propose a CV management strategy to achieve stable mixed traffic flow operations. • Conduct an empirical study to validate the effectiveness of the proposed CV management strategy. Recently, the market has witnessed the emergence of intelligent vehicles equipped with diverse functionalities. Among these are connected automated vehicles (CAVs) boasting a comprehensive platooning capability, and connected vehicles (CVs), which essentially refer to human-driven vehicles (HVs) equipped with connectivity features. As a result, CAVs, CVs, and regular human-driven vehicles (RVs) will form a mixed CAV-CV-RV flow to affect stability of existing traffic flow, which is an important characteristic of traffic flow operations. This paper investigates stability of this new mixed CAV-CV-RV flow, explores effect of CVs on stability, and proposes CV management strategy aimed at achieving a stable traffic flow. We firstly establish definition of the novel mixed flow comprising CAVs, CVs, and RVs. Subsequently, we present a general analytical approach for evaluating stability of this mixed flow. Then we undertake an empirical study that incorporates car-following models, validated using real experiments involving the aforementioned vehicle types. Based on findings from our stability analysis, we proceed to propose a CV management strategy designed to guarantee stable conditions within this mixed traffic flow. Results indicate the effectiveness of the proposed general analytical method in assessing influences of various system factors on stability of this new mixed flow. Subsequent to an application of the analytical method, empirical study uncovers a noteworthy finding that CVs prove to be more effective than CAVs in ensuring stable conditions within the mixed flow. Then we can manage market proportion of CVs in order to achieve stable mixed flow, according to varying CAV penetration rates. Specifically, some interesting lessons are learned based on the empirical study: (i) to guarantee stable operations of mixed traffic flow, about one third of CVs are needed to be among HVs, before CAVs running on road (CV-RV mixed flow); (ii) management strategy for stable flow requires an increase of minimum CV proportion among HVs from 33% to 55%, as CAV penetration rates increase up to 50%; (iii) when CAV penetration rates are greater than 50%, the required minimum CV proportion for ensuring traffic flow stability decreases with the increase of CAV penetration rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the dispersal ability of invasive insects provides useful insights for developing effective management strategies. Historically, methods for marking insects for dispersal studies have been expensive, time‐consuming, labor‐intensive, and oftentimes ineffective, especially for woodboring beetles. Also, capturing or rearing insects requires human handling, which can alter behavior. Protein immunomarking is a well‐established technique for studying the dispersal of insects; however, it has not been applied to woodborers. This study evaluates the potential for using protein immunomarkers applied directly to woodborer‐infested trees to mark emerging beetles. Specifically, in the first experiment, we sprayed varying concentrations of ovalbumin (egg white) solution directly onto logs infested with emerald ash borer (EAB), Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Agrilini). In turn, an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect the presence of protein on emerged beetles. To test the persistence of the mark, we applied varying concentrations of albumin to freeze‐killed beetles, mounted them on pins, and placed them over various time intervals in an exposed location outdoors. Adult EAB self‐marked as they emerged from protein‐treated trees, with higher protein concentrations persisting for longer on the cuticle. This technique offers a convenient, inexpensive, and durable means of marking woodborers and circumvents the need for human handling, allowing for more natural behavior and more realistic estimates of dispersal. Protein self‐marking may find application in studies of woodborer dispersal within natural forest environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development and modernization of the industry are known to bring many benefits for the human life, to diversify the production process and to create the abundant products originated from different materials. Among the above-mentioned products, all kinds of plastic-based commodities have a huge increase in both the quality and quantity due to their large range of applications as well as their versatility in the manufacturing process and the use along with lower cost than other. That is why the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) from the countries in the world is reported to contain around 12% of plastic. Vietnam is listed as a country among top five importing PW countries from 01/2018 to 11/2018 with about 7.6% total import. Current status shows that Vietnam is a country affected seriously by plastic waste, causing the heavy consequence to environment. In this work, the figures of alarming reality in the use and discharging the plastic waste in Vietnam are exhibited. More importantly, the policy and the scenario for the treatment of the plastic waste in the near future are thoroughly analyzed to find the reasonable solution for reducing the pollution due to plastic waste in Vietnam. In closing, some suggestions for reuse of plastic waste are also given out to recover and treat plastic waste in Vietnamese situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management strategy of the hybrid energy storage system (HESS) is a crucial part of the electric vehicles, which can ensure the safety and efficiency of the electric drive system. The adaptive model predictive control (AMPC) is employed to the management strategy for the HESS in this article. First, an improved continuous power-energy method is applied in configuration of the system. The battery and supercapacitor (SC) models are described by the equivalent-circuit technique. Second, a novel predictive model considering the dc load under a semiactive topology is proposed. The AMPC with the proposed model can handle the strong nonlinearity and time-varying property of the HESS. Third, in order to lengthen battery life span and improve system efficiency, the energy loss of the system, the rate of battery current, and average energy of the SC are considered in the cost function. Moreover, control action of each step can be obtained by minimizing proposed cost function in the AMPC rolling horizon. Fourth, the process of deriving the cost function into standard quadratic programming problem is demonstrated. Finally, in order to prove the superiority of the proposed method, three different driving load cycle tests are performed for verification. The results illustrate that the AMPC has better performance in system efficiency and battery conservancy, where the peak current of the battery cell can be reduced by at least 24.4%, and the total energy loss can be reduced by at least 6.4% with the proportional integral (PI) and model predictive control methods. The ampere-hour throughput of battery and the root mean square of battery current can be reduced by up to 16.2% and 29.8%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In the past, the field of public libraries proved to be a neglected area of government in terms of allocating handsome budgets for adequate services and developing infrastructure. The aim of this research is (1) to understand the level of library professionals and associated challenges in the preparation and implementation of the budget in public libraries and (2) to analyze the annual grand and regular library budget allocated to public libraries. Design/methodology/approach: A comprehensive literature search was carried out from work published in the past – the quantitative study based on a structured research questionnaire followed by the five-point Likert scale. The primary data were collected by distributing printed questionnaires among the library professionals serving in the directorate of public libraries and its suboffices. The secondary data "Budget Grand" for seven years (2009–2015) and the regular budget for two years (2015–2016) were collected from seven public libraries, and data on the district population and literacy rate were obtained from the provincial bureau of statistics. The authors used the one-way ANOVA on primary data to determine the average difference between samples and descriptive statistics on secondary data. Findings: Survey results show that budgeting is a useful tool for predicting the future, controlling resources and improving employee performance and departmental levels. The findings disclosed that the annual budget review includes guidelines for implementation without adequate discussion and guidance for overcoming challenges. In addition to increasing print and database resources, currency fluctuations, unfair resource allocation and budgeting processes proved to be a potential obstacle to the execution of the library budget. Moreover, library material usage and regular membership are decreasing compared to literacy rates in each district of the province. It also turned out that the limited resources in a library compared to the population and the insufficient budget for operation, maintenance and other library processes posed another challenge for the administration. Practical implications: The results, which are based on the primary data of experts and the secondary data on the library budget, can help the directorate of public libraries to push ahead with budgetary reforms and overcome challenges. Social implications: This article outlines some basic steps for librarians, publishers and sellers to cope with changes caused by currency fluctuations and falling budget pressures. Given the regional population, literacy gaps and the current state of libraries, the results could also cause the government to expand the public library network across the province. Originality/value: The study builds upon the qualitative method using a questionnaire and on the secondary data for an in-depth understanding of the whole budgetary process. This comprehensive coverage of the budgeting process provides professionals with useful information in preparing a balanced budget for public libraries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecosystem‐based management of fisheries aims to allow sustainable use of fished stocks while keeping impacts upon ecosystems within safe ecological limits. Both the FAO Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries and the Aichi Biodiversity Targets promote these aims. We evaluate implementation of ecosystem‐based management in six case‐study fisheries in which potential indirect impacts upon bird or mammal predators of fished stocks are well publicized and well studied. In particular, we consider the components needed to enable management strategies to respond to information from predator monitoring. Although such information is available in all case‐studies, only one has a reference point defining safe ecological limits for predators and none has a method to adjust fishing activities in response to estimates of the state of the predator population. Reference points for predators have been developed outside the fisheries management context, but adoption by fisheries managers is hindered a lack of clarity about management objectives and uncertainty about how fishing affects predator dynamics. This also hinders the development of adjustment methods because these generally require information on the state of ecosystem variables relative to reference points. Nonetheless, most of the case‐studies include precautionary measures to limit impacts on predators. These measures are not used tactically and therefore risk excessive restrictions on sustainable use. Adoption of predator reference points to inform tactical adjustment of precautionary measures would be an appropriate next step towards ecosystem‐based management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]