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1. Azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus isolate with the TR34/L98H mutation in both a fungicide-sprayed field and the lung of a hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipient with invasive aspergillosis

Author: Gabriel Reboux, Laurence Millon, Dea Garcia-Hermoso, Etienne Daguindau, Steffi Rocchi, Eric Deconinck, Frédéric Grenouillet, Anne-Pauline Bellanger, Stéphane Bretagne, service de parasitologie mycologie CHU Jean Minjoz BESANCON, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Service d'hématologie, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon) - hopital Jean Minjoz, Interactions hôte-greffon-tumeur, ingénierie cellulaire et génique - UFC (HOTE GREFFON), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté]), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire (CNRMA), Institut Pasteur [Paris], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -hopital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Mycologie moléculaire, Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de Référence Mycologie et Antifongiques-Mycologie Moléculaire ( CNRMA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Microbiology (medical), Azoles, Male, Antifungal Agents, medicine.medical_treatment, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Mycology, medicine.disease_cause, Aspergillosis, Aspergillus fumigatus, Microbiology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Fungal Proteins, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Fungal, medicine, Humans, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, skin and connective tissue diseases, Lung, Voriconazole, chemistry.chemical_classification, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Mutation, biology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Middle Aged, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Transplant Recipients, Fungicides, Industrial, Fungicide, medicine.anatomical_structure, chemistry, Azole, medicine.drug
Abstract: A French farmer developed invasive aspergillosis with azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus with the TR34/L98H mutation following a hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. He had worked in fungicide-sprayed fields where a non-genetically related A. fumigatus TR34/L98H isolate was collected. If azole resistance detection increases, voriconazole as first-line therapy might be questioned in agricultural areas.
Published: 2014

2. Populations at risk for alveolar echinococcosis, France

Author: Piarroux, Martine, Piarroux, Renaud, Knapp, Jenny, Bardonnet, Karine, Dumortier, Jérôme, Watelet, Jérôme, Gerard, Alain, Beytout, Jean, Abergel, Armand, Bresson-Hadni, Solange, Gaudart, Jean, Surveillance Network, Francechino, Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques (IP-TPT), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Service de Santé des Armées, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie, Hospices Civiles de Lyon-Hôpital Edouard Heriault, Service d'Hépato-gastro-entérologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux (I2M), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers (ENSAM), Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Gabriel Montpied [Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Service d'hépatologie, CHU Etaing, Service de Santé des Armées-Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon), Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hopital Gabriel Montpied, Clermont-Ferrand, France, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Arts et Métiers Sciences et Technologies, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -ORS PACA-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Infections Parasitaires : Transmission, Physiopathologie et Thérapeutiques ( IP-TPT ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Marseille ( APHM ) -Service de Santé des Armées-Université de Montpellier ( UM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Institut de Mécanique et d'Ingénierie de Bordeaux ( I2M ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bordeaux ( UB ) -Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU) - ORS PACA - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) - Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Hospices Civiles de Lyon - Hôpital Edouard Heriault, Service d'Hépatogastroentérologie, CHU de Nancy-Brabois, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 - Arts et Métiers ParisTech - Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service d'Hépato-Gastro-Entérologie, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand - Hôpital d'Estaing, and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)
Subjects: Male, Rural Population, [MATH.MATH-PR] Mathematics [math]/Probability [math.PR], Veterinary medicine, communicable disease prevention and control, MESH : Retrospective Studies, MESH : Anthelmintics, Alveolar echinococcosis, 0302 clinical medicine, [STAT.AP] Statistics [stat]/Applications [stat.AP], MESH: Rural Population, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Public Health and Epidemiology, Medicine, MESH: Animals, [SDV.MHEP.ME] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Emerging diseases, Anthelmintics, 0303 health sciences, MESH: Middle Aged, MESH: Echinococcosis, Hepatic, 3. Good health, MESH: Anthelmintics, agricultural workers diseases, alveolar echinococcosis, MESH : Endemic Diseases, Microbiology (medical), MESH : Albendazole, medicine.medical_specialty, Echinococcus multilocularis. epidemiology, Echinococcus multilocularis, Albendazole, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, [SDV.EE.SANT] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Humans, MESH : Middle Aged, Risk factor, MESH : Mebendazole, Retrospective Studies, MESH : Foxes, MESH: Echinococcus multilocularis, MESH: Humans, 030306 microbiology, MESH : Humans, lcsh:R, MESH: Adult, MESH: Retrospective Studies, Odds ratio, zoonoses, Relative risk, [SDE.ES] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, MESH: Female, Demography, MESH: Liver, Endemic Diseases, MESH: Registries, Foxes, lcsh:Medicine, MESH : Echinococcus multilocularis, Risk Factors, MESH: Risk Factors, Epidemiology, MESH : Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Female, Registries, rural health, [MATH.MATH-ST] Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], [STAT.ME] Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], biology, Rural health, MESH : Adult, Middle Aged, MESH : Risk Factors, Mebendazole, Infectious Diseases, Liver, MESH: Endemic Diseases, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, epidemiology, France, [SDV.MP.PAR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Adult, [ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Echinococcosis, Hepatic, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Male, 030231 tropical medicine, [MATH.MATH-DS] Mathematics [math]/Dynamical Systems [math.DS], parasites, MESH: Mebendazole, Echinococcosis, MESH: Albendazole, Animals, lcsh:RC109-216, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, MESH : France, MESH: Foxes, business.industry, Research, MESH : Liver, Retrospective cohort study, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Male, MESH : Rural Population, MESH: France, Socioeconomic Factors, MESH : Animals, business, MESH : Echinococcosis, Hepatic, MESH : Registries
Abstract: International audience; During 1982-2007, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) was diagnosed in 407 patients in France, a country previously known to register half of all European patients. To better define high-risk groups in France, we conducted a national registry-based study to identify areas where persons were at risk and spatial clusters of cases. We interviewed 180 AE patients about their way of life and compared responses to those of 517 controls. We found that almost all AE patients lived in 22 départements in eastern and central France (relative risk 78.63, 95% CI 52.84-117.02). Classification and regression tree analysis showed that the main risk factor was living in AE-endemic areas. There, most at-risk populations lived in rural settings (odds ratio [OR] 66.67, 95% CI 6.21-464.51 for farmers and OR 6.98, 95% CI 2.88-18.25 for other persons) or gardened in nonrural settings (OR 4.30, 95% CI 1.82-10.91). These findings can help sensitization campaigns focus on specific groups.
Published: 2013

3. Multiple banking relationships: do SMEs mistrust their banks?

Author: Catherine Refait-Alexandre, Stéphanie Serve, Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques (UR 3190) (CRESE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut de Recherche en Gestion (IRG), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques - UFC ( CRESE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de sociologie des organisations ( CSO ), Sciences Po-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université de Cergy Pontoise ( UCP ), Université Paris-Seine, Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques (EA 3190) (CRESE), Théorie économique, modélisation et applications ( THEMA ), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Paris Ouest, Nanterre, CRESE, Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Centre de sociologie des organisations (Sciences Po, CNRS) (CSO), Sciences Po (Sciences Po)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Gestion ( IRG ), Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée ( UPEM ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ), Centre de sociologie des organisations (CSO), Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Serve, Stéphanie, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Théorie économique, modélisation et applications (THEMA), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Béal, Sylvain
Subjects: [QFIN.GN] Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/General Finance [q-fin.GN], Exploit, media_common.quotation_subject, Sample (statistics), Financial system, Context (language use), IRG_AXE1, [QFIN.RM]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Risk Management [q-fin.RM], Trust, banking relationship, [ QFIN.GN ] Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/General Finance [q-fin.GN], JEL: G - Financial Economics/G.G2 - Financial Institutions and Services/G.G2.G21 - Banks • Depository Institutions • Micro Finance Institutions • Mortgages, Credit rationing, 0502 economics and business, [QFIN.RM] Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Risk Management [q-fin.RM], Quality (business), multiple banking relationships, 050207 economics, [ SHS.GESTION ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Small business, [ QFIN.RM ] Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/Risk Management [q-fin.RM], [QFIN.GN]Quantitative Finance [q-fin]/General Finance [q-fin.GN], Actuarial science, Banking relationships, business.industry, financial crisis, JEL : G - Financial Economics/G.G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance/G.G3.G32 - Financing Policy • Financial Risk and Risk Management • Capital and Ownership Structure • Value of Firms • Goodwill, 05 social sciences, JEL : G - Financial Economics/G.G2 - Financial Institutions and Services/G.G2.G21 - Banks • Depository Institutions • Micro Finance Institutions • Mortgages, JEL: G - Financial Economics/G.G3 - Corporate Finance and Governance/G.G3.G32 - Financing Policy • Financial Risk and Risk Management • Capital and Ownership Structure • Value of Firms • Goodwill, Financial crisis, Retail banking, Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous), [SHS.GESTION]Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, 050211 marketing, [SHS.GESTION] Humanities and Social Sciences/Business administration, business, Explanatory power, Finance, 050203 business & management
Abstract: This article focuses on the use of multiple banking relationships by SMEs, a key issue given their strong dependence on bank financing in a context of increasing financial constraints and higher risk of credit rationing since the crisis. We investigate whether the use of multiple banking relationships is explained by firms’ characteristics or by the quality of the banking relationship. We exploit the results of an original survey conducted on a sample of French SMEs in December 2012. According to the traditional theoretical framework of multiple banking, we find that older, bigger, and better-performing firms are more likely to access multiple banking relationships. We further find that innovative firms are more likely to engage in multiple banking relationships. We also highlight the explanatory power of an alternative model based on the quality of banking relationship: when the manager trusts its main bank, or when he is closer to his loan officer, the firm will be less likely to engage in multiple banking relationships.
Published: 2020

4. Comparison of biocides, allelopathic substances and UV-C as treatments for biofilm proliferation on heritage monuments

Author: Stéphane Pfendler, Lotfi Aleya, Fabien Borderie, Laurence Alaoui-Sosse, Faisl Bousta, Badr Alaoui-Sossé, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation ( CRC ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), and Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Cyanobacteria, Archeology, Biocide, Materials Science (miscellaneous), Microorganism, Conservation, 010501 environmental sciences, Photosynthesis, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Algae, Botany, Autotroph, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Spectroscopy, Allelopathy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, Chemistry, Biofilm, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Chemistry (miscellaneous), [SDE]Environmental Sciences, General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Abstract: UV-C and biocide treatments are frequently used to treat historical monuments contaminated by autotrophic biofilms. In this study, the authors compare for the first time the efficacy of these treatments against microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and algae proliferating in the Vicherey church (Vicherey, Vosges Department, France). To identify the most environmentally friendly and also efficient method, an allelopathic treatment was also tested. Colorimetric and physiological measurements of treated biofilms were thus monitored for 6 months. Fungi growing on necrotic matter from treated biofilms were sampled and sequenced. With biocides, results showed incomplete eradication of biofilms, even after two treatments. Biofilm color loss was delayed in comparison to UV-C treatment, which appeared more efficient after just one treatment. Moreover, quantum yield (Fv/Fm) decreased immediately after UV-C treatment, indicating inhibition of algae and cyanobacteria photosynthesis. However, two species of fungi colonized the cyanobacteria biofilms treated with UV-C. Allelopathic treatment was not efficient on biofilm and showed no deleterious effect on photosynthesis. The present findings demonstrate that the UV-C method, coupled with a cleaning phase for necrotic organic matter, may be considered environmentally friendly and the best alternative to chemicals.
Published: 2018

5. Trace metals from historical mining sites and past metallurgical activity remain bioavailable to wildlife today

Author: Paul Alibert, Rémi Losno, Renaud Scheifler, Guillaume Delivet, Carmela Chateau, Estelle Camizuli, Caroline Lachiche, Gilles Hamm, Fabrice Monna, Stéphane Garnier, Claude Gourault, Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] (ARTeHiS), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne (EDYTEM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de La Réunion (UR)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-IPG PARIS-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l'Environnement (Université de Bourgogne) (UFR SVTE), Université de Bourgogne (UB), The FEDER (No. 34328), the Regional Council of Burgundy (No. 2010-9201AAO050S04040), the University of Burgundy (No. 2010-BQR-068), the Cévennes National Park and Bibracte., Archéologie, Terre, Histoire, Sociétés [Dijon] ( ARTeHiS ), Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Environnements, Dynamiques et Territoires de la Montagne ( EDYTEM ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris ( IPGP ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -IPG PARIS-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Université de la Réunion ( UR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), UFR Sciences de la Vie, de la Terre et de l'Environnement (Université de Bourgogne) ( UFR SVTE ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Ecosystem ecology, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, lcsh:Medicine, 010501 environmental sciences, Kidney, 01 natural sciences, Environmental impact, Mice, Soil, Environmental monitoring, Soil Pollutants, Trace metal, lcsh:Science, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Cadmium, Multidisciplinary, biology, Biota, Zinc, Environmental chemistry, Metallurgy, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Pollution, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, media_common.quotation_subject, Wildlife, chemistry.chemical_element, Animals, Wild, 010603 evolutionary biology, Article, Mining, Animals, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:R, Environmental Exposure, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Trace Elements, Wood mouse, chemistry, Lead, 13. Climate action, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Environmental science, lcsh:Q, Environmental Pollution, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Copper
Abstract: 11 pages; International audience; Throughout history, ancient human societies exploited mineral resources all over the world, even in areas that are now protected and considered to be relatively pristine. Here, we show that past mining still has an impact on wildlife in some French protected areas. We measured cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc concentrations in topsoils and wood mouse kidneys from sites located in the Cévennes and the Morvan. The maximum levels of metals in these topsoils are one or two orders of magnitude greater than their commonly reported mean values in European topsoils. The transfer to biota was effective, as the lead concentration (and to a lesser extent, cadmium) in wood mouse kidneys increased with soil concentration, unlike copper and zinc, providing direct evidence that lead emitted in the environment several centuries ago is still bioavailable to free-ranging mammals. The negative correlation between kidney lead concentration and animal body condition suggests that historical mining activity may continue to play a role in the complex relationships between trace metal pollution and body indices. Ancient mining sites could therefore be used to assess the long-term fate of trace metals in soils and the subsequent risks to human health and the environment. The first evidence of extractive metallurgy dates from the 6 th millennium BC in the Near East 1,2. Since then, mining and smelting activities have developed almost everywhere that humans have settled 3,4 , resulting in the emission of unexpectedly large amounts of metals into the environment, e.g., during the Roman Empire 5,6. Deleterious consequences on human health were observed as early as the 1 st century BC, with Lucretius, for instance, pointing out "the ill effects in the miners' complexions" and writing "How deadly are the exhalations of gold mines!" (De natura rerum, 4, 808 7). Negative impacts of mining and smelting activities on animals and the environment were also recognized long ago. During the 1 st century BC, Vitruvius wrote that springs coming from mining areas were very harmful (De Architectura, 8, 5 8), while Pliny the Elder, during the 1 st century AD, noticed how silver mine emissions affect all animals (Naturalis Historia, 33, 31 9). With geographical shifts of human settlements over time, some mining and/or smelting sites may have vanished from collective memory 10-12. For instance, in the Morvan and Cévennes massifs (France), the older sites remain difficult to identify in the field, particularly in forested areas. Because of their outstanding landscapes and biodiversity, both the Morvan and the Cévennes are recognized as nature parks, considered to be pristine areas, relatively free from anthropogenic impact. These areas have nonetheless experienced several phases of mining and smelting, starting as early as the Bronze Age for the Morvan 13-15 and at least from the Iron Age for the Cévennes 16 .
Published: 2018

6. Variations in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality among sympatric cryptic lineages of native amphipods and a congeneric invasive species: Are native hosts always losing?

Author: Loïc Bollache, Clément Lagrue, Matthias Galipaud, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Bielefeld University, Konsequenz 45, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Department of Zoology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand, Universität Bielefeld = Bielefeld University, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande]
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Sympatry, Species complex, Cryptic diversity, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Zoology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Invasive species, Competition (biology), 03 medical and health sciences, Gammarus roeseli, lcsh:Zoology, [ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, lcsh:QL1-991, Acanthocephalan parasites, Parasite-induced mortality, education, Gammarus fossarum/Gammarus pulex species complex, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, media_common, Introduction, education.field_of_study, Host (biology), [SDV.BID.EVO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], biology.organism_classification, [ SDV.BID.EVO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biodiversity/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Sympatric speciation, Animal Science and Zoology, Parasitology, Infection levels, Biological invasion, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: Shared parasites can strongly influence the outcome of competition between congeneric, sympatric hosts, and thus host population dynamics. Parasite-mediated competition is commonly hypothesized as an important factor in biological invasion success; invasive species often experience lower infection levels and/or parasite-induced mortality than native congeneric hosts. However, variation in infection levels among sympatric hosts can be due to contrasting abilities to avoid infection or different parasite-induced mortality rates following infection. Low parasite infection levels in a specific host can be due to either factor but have drastically different implications in interaction outcomes between sympatric hosts. We assessed acanthocephalan infection levels (prevalence and abundance) among cryptic molecular taxonomic units (MOTU) of the native G. pulex/G. fossarum species complex from multiple populations where they occur in sympatry. We concomitantly estimated the same parameters in the invasive Gammarus roeseli commonly found in sympatry with G. pulex/G. fossarum MOTUs. We then tested for potential differences in parasite-induced mortality among these alternative hosts. As expected, the invasive G. roeseli showed relatively low infection level and was not subject to parasite-induced mortality. We also found that both acanthocephalan infection levels and parasite-induced mortality varied greatly among cryptic MOTUs of the native amphipods. Contrary to expectations, some native MOTUs displayed levels of resistance to their local parasites similar to those observed in the invasive G. roeseli. Overall, cryptic diversity in native amphipods coupled with high levels of variability in infection levels and parasite-induced mortality documented here may strongly influence inter-MOTU interactions and native population dynamics as well as invasion success and population dynamics of the congeneric invasive G. roeseli., Graphical abstract Image 1, Highlights • Parasite-mediated competition is an important factor in interspecific interactions. • Acanthocephalan infection levels in native and invasive amphipods were assessed. • Native amphipods also comprised sympatric, cryptic lineages. • Infection levels and host mortality varied greatly among native cryptic host lineages. • Some native amphipod lineages were also as resistant to parasites as invasive hosts.
Published: 2017

7. Usefulness of à la carte antigens for bird fancier’s lung serodiagnosis: total dropping extract and/or dropping’s microflora antigens

Author: Sandrine Roussel, Audrey Laboissière, Benoît Valot, Jean-Charles Dalphin, Adeline Rouzet, Paul De Vuyst, Gabriel Reboux, Laurence Millon, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Service de Pneumologie, Hôpital Jean-Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Besançon, Université de Franche-Comté, Besançon, France., Erasme Hospital, Brussels, Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de parasitologie et mycologie [CHRU de Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Service de Pneumologie, oncologie thoracique et allergologie respiratoire [CHRU Besançon], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Hôpital Erasme [Bruxelles] (ULB), Faculté de Médecine [Bruxelles] (ULB), and Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)-Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Subjects: diagnosis, MESH : Antigens, serology, Serology, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Bird fancier's lung, antigens, Flora (microbiology), MESH : Bird Fancier's Lung, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, microorganisms, MESH: Bird Fancier's Lung, MESH : Allergens, Immunoassay, biology, MESH: Feces, General Medicine, Enterobacter, MESH : Immunoassay, MESH : Serologic Tests, 3. Good health, medicine.anatomical_structure, MESH: Birds, MESH: Antigens, Antibody, medicine.symptom, MESH: Immunoassay, MESH: Fungi, Microbiology (medical), MESH: Allergens, droppings, Microbiology, Asymptomatic, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Birds, 03 medical and health sciences, Antigen, medicine, Animals, Humans, Serologic Tests, MESH : Bacteria, MESH : Birds, MESH : Fungi, bird fancier's lung, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, MESH: Humans, Lung, Bacteria, MESH: Serologic Tests, MESH : Humans, Fungi, MESH : Feces, Allergens, medicine.disease, biology.organism_classification, MESH: Bacteria, 030228 respiratory system, Immunology, biology.protein, MESH : Animals, [ SDV.MHEP.PSR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pulmonology and respiratory tract
Abstract: International audience; Bird fancier's lung (BFL) is a pulmonary disease caused by inhalation of avian proteins. The involvement of the microorganisms of droppings has been assumed in the past and this idea still persists today. Our study aimed to compare by immunoprecipitation assay the detection of antibodies against both droppings and microorganisms in the sera of patients (n=15) and asymptomatic exposed controls (n=18). We found that 14/15 BFL patients had negative serological results for isolated microorganisms of the droppings, only one positive against Enterobacter sakasakii. Serological arguments were in accordance with diagnosis in 87 % of cases by testing à la carte antigens from each bird dropping versus 20 % using the standard antigenic panel. Otherwise, the microorganisms antigens issued from dropping flora were negative in 93 % of cases. Consequently, it's preferable to use the total extract from the patient's bird droppings to establish the serodiagnosis of the disease.
Published: 2017

8. Discriminating uniparental and biparental breeding strategies by monitoring nest temperature

Author: Niels Martin Schmidt, Jeroen Reneerkens, Glenn Yannic, Olivier Gilg, Lucie Perroud, Jérôme Moreau, Maria Teixeira, Loïc Bollache, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine ( LECA ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University [Aarhus], Aarhus University [Aarhus]-Arctic Research Centre, Conservation Ecology Group, University of Groningen [Groningen]-Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences ( GELIFES ), Research supported by the French Polar Institute (IPEV, program 1036 ‘Interactions’), the Conseil Regional de Bourgogne, the Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique (GREA) and the University of Bourgogne., Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Bioscience [Roskilde], University of Groningen [Groningen]-Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences (GELIFES), and Piersma group
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, food.ingredient, nest temperature, parental care, Zoology, nest attendance, shorebirds, Context (language use), Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, 010605 ornithology, Predation, food, discriminant function, Nest, arctic, [ SDV.EE.IEO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis, Incubation, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Calidris alba, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, thermologger, Ecology, incubation strategy, incubation behaviour, incubation, Sanderling, Calidris, incubation system, Animal Science and Zoology, Evolutionary ecology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Paternal care, [SDV.EE.IEO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Symbiosis
Abstract: 10 pages; International audience; Birds exhibit a wide diversity of breeding strategies. During incubation or chick-rearing, parental care can be either uniparental, by either the male or the female, or biparental. Understanding the selective pressures that drive these different strategies represents an exciting challenge for ecologists. In this context, assigning the type of parental care at the nest (e.g. biparental or uniparental incubation strategy) is often a prerequisite to answering questions in evolutionary ecology. The aim of this study was to produce a standardized method unequivocally to assign an incubation strategy to any Sanderling Calidris alba nest found in the field by monitoring nest temperature profiles. Using drops of >3 °C in nest temperature (recorded with thermistors) to distinguish incubation and recess periods, we showed that the number of recesses and the total duration of these recesses from 09:00 to 17:00 h UTC allowed us reliably (99.1% after 24 h and 100% when monitoring the nest for at least 4 days) to assign the incubation strategy at the nest for 21 breeding adults (14 nests). Monitoring nest temperature for at least 24 h is an effective method to assign an incubation strategy without having to re-visit nests, thereby saving time in the field and minimizing both disturbance and related increase in predation risk of clutches. Given the advantages of our method, we suggest that it should be used more widely in studies that aim to document incubation strategies and patterns in regions where ambient temperatures are at least 3 °C below the median nest temperature.
Published: 2017

9. DNA metabarcoding to assess indoor fungal communities: Electrostatic dust collectors and Illumina sequencing

Author: Gabriel Reboux, Laurence Millon, Steffi Rocchi, Benoît Valot, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Hôpital Jean Minjoz, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Microbial Consortia, Static Electricity, 030106 microbiology, Air Microbiology, Amplification bias, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Fungal Diversity, Microbial ecology, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Botany, DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic, [ SDV.BIBS ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], DNA, Fungal, Molecular Biology, [SDV.MP.MYC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, Illumina dye sequencing, DNA Primers, biology, Fungi, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Illumina miseq, Dust, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDV.BIBS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Quantitative Methods [q-bio.QM], [ SDV.BBM.GTP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], 13. Climate action, Air Pollution, Indoor, Penicillium, France, Epicoccum nigrum, Environmental Monitoring, Cladosporium
Abstract: DNA metabarcoding is increasingly being used to characterize the microbiological composition of both the indoor and outdoor environments of dwellings. Our study aimed to evaluate metabarcoding and bioinformatic analysis resulting from calibrated samples and samples collected by an electrostatic dust collector (EDC) in dwellings with no moisture problems. Thus, the fungal communities of 14 dwellings (eastern France, Franche-Comte region) were analyzed by Illumina MiSeq technology after amplification of the ITS2 region. Using the standard samples of 11 species of yeasts and molds allowed us to validate the Operational taxonomic units (OTU) assignment. These calibrated samples also showed a low amplification bias, a low rate of sequencing errors and the semi-quantitative nature of the technique. Only one species from the calibrated samples ( Lichtheimia corymbifera ) was less amplified probably due to the presence of two mismatches in its3 primer. EDC analysis identified 3594 OTU with 75% of reads corresponding to 30 genera. The main genera are those usually found by culture techniques ( Penicillium , Aspergillus and Cladosporium ), but findings also indicate others less commonly isolated in culture such as Epicoccum , the fourth detected genus in our study. The type of heating systems was correlated with fungal diversity. We found less diversity in the dwellings with wood heating and larger quantities of Epicoccum nigrum verified by qPCR. DNA metabarcoding analysis applied to EDC seems promising. However, we think that it must be used along with qPCR, to obtain a more global view of microbial ecology and relative quantification of species of interest within communities.
Published: 2017

10. Sediment quality and possible uses of dredged materials: the Ria de Aveiro lagoon mouth area (Portugal)

Author: Lazaro Laut, Denise Terroso, Cristina Sequeira, Maria Virgínia Alves Martins, Fernando Rocha, Assane Luis Pena, Noureddine Zaaboub, Wânia Duleba, Maria Antonieta da Conceição Rodrigues, Lotfi Aleya, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Escola de Artes Ciências e Humanidades (EACH), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Universidade Pedagógica, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Escola de Artes Ciências e Humanidades ( EACH ), Universidade de São Paulo ( USP ), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: Pollution, Dredging Regulation, media_common.quotation_subject, Harbours management, Deposition (geology), Dredging, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Contamination, Trace metals, lcsh:Stratigraphy, 14. Life underwater, media_common, lcsh:QE640-699, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, lcsh:QE1-996.5, Environmental engineering, Sediment, Enrichment factor, 6. Clean water, lcsh:Geology, PORTOS, 13. Climate action, Aquatic environment, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Channel (geography)
Abstract: International audience; Dredging is a common and important activity to maintain or improve/extend navigable depths in many ports and harbours. Dredging sometimes occur in areas where the sediments are contaminated material and is subject to consent and licensing according to the national regulations. This work shows the general pattern of distribution of potentially toxic elements (PTEs), such as As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn, in surface sediments of the Ria de Aveiro lagoon mouth area (Portugal). The work is based on textural, mineralogical and geochemical analysis of 137 surface sediment (first centimetre) samples. The Pollution Load Index (PLI) was used to evaluate the overall enrichment of these elements and the enrichment factor (EF) was determined to assess the degree of anthropogenic input of taking into account the characteristics of the receiving environment and its legitimate use; and one station (29) as slightly contaminated dredged material (Class 3) that may be used for embankments or in the case of soaking requires a thorough study of the place of deposition and subsequent PTEs. Portuguese Ministerial Order n.° 1450/2007 was used as reference to classify dredging and elimination or application of dredging materials. Results evidence that the study area, which is highly anthropized, the concentration of PTEs is largely controlled by the hydrodynamics. The PLI index values show the highest enrichment of metals in the western side of Mira Channel entrance. The EF values indicate that eighty-three stations have significant enrichment of metals particularly Pb and Cr being the significant enrichment by Cr much more common and by Pb punctually. According to the Portuguese regulation most of the sites can be classified as clean dredged material (Class 1), sixteen sites as dredged material with trace contamination (Class 2) that may be immersed in the aquatic environment monitoring. In addition, sediments have an important ecological value.
Published: 2017

11. Azole-resistantAspergillus fumigatusin sawmills of Eastern France

Author: Steffi Rocchi, Gabriel Reboux, Grégorio Crini, Audrey Jeanvoine, Nadia Crini, Laurence Millon, Immunologie cellulaire et moléculaire, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: 2. Zero hunger, 0301 basic medicine, chemistry.chemical_classification, Aspergillus, biology, 030106 microbiology, General Medicine, Limiting, biology.organism_classification, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Aspergillus fumigatus, Microbiology, [ CHIM.POLY ] Chemical Sciences/Polymers, Fungicide, Propiconazole, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, [CHIM.POLY]Chemical Sciences/Polymers, chemistry, Azole, [ SDV.MP.MYC ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Mycology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Etest, Biotechnology, Tebuconazole
Abstract: Aims Emergence of azole-resistant Aspergillus fumigatus complicates management of Aspergillus diseases.Currently, selection pressure caused by azole fungicide use in farming is strongly suspected of creating resistance. As sawmills also use azole fungicides, we investigated the presence of azole-resistant strains in this environment and studied the relationship between azole fungicide use and development of resistance. Methods Air (n = 200) and substrate (n = 600) samples were taken in 20 sawmills. Azole-resistant strains (Etest and EUCAST methods) were confirmed by sequencing the cyp51A gene and its promoters. Dosage of propiconazole and tebuconazole was performed by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Results Twenty four azole-resistant A. fumigatus strains were collected among 20 of the 600 substrate samples (3%). Eighty-three percent of theses strains had TR34/L98H mutation. A significantly higher number of resistant strains was collected in sawmills using fungicide products made with propiconazole mixed with a high concentration of tebuconazole (P = 0.009). The presence of resistant strains was significantly linked to propiconazole quantities in substrates (P = 0.03). Conclusion The outcome of azole-resistant A. fumigatus carrying TR34/L98H mutation seems to greatly depends on the azole fungicide formulation and quantities of azole. These preliminary results are valuable to propose new approaches limiting the emergence of azole-resistant strains. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Published: 2017

12. Étude sur les représentations des PPSMJ par les professionnels. L’apport de la psychologie sociale pour une meilleure prise en charge des personnes placées sous main de justice (PPSMJ)

Author: Brigitte Minondo-Kaghad, Philippe Castel, C. Joly, Marie-Françoise Lacassagne, Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] ( PSY-DREPI ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] (PSY-DREPI), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: 050402 sociology, 05 social sciences, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Offenders, Institutions, 16. Peace & justice, Representation, [ SHS.PSY ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Analyse de contenu, 0504 sociology, Offenders’ supervising, Professionnels, PPSMJ, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Content analysis, Analyse de discours, General Psychology, Discourse analysis
Abstract: Resume Cet article etudie les representations que les professionnels du monde judiciaire se font des personnes placees sous main de justice (PPSMJ) dont ils ont la charge. Une comparaison selon les institutions concernees est pertinente dans la mesure ou les missions des policiers, des psychiatres, des CPIP et des travailleurs sociaux different et donc leur relation avec les PPSMJ n’est pas de meme nature. Une enquete de terrain realisee a l’aide d’entretiens semi-directifs qui ont fait l’objet d’analyses de discours et de contenu permet de rendre compte des particularites liees aux interactions sociales menees par ces differents professionnels. Schematiquement, les policiers manifestent une mise a distance des PPSMJ, les psychiatres, respectueux du secret medical sont centres sur la PPSMJ en tant que source de son traitement, les CPIP hesitent entre leur role social et leur role repressif et les travailleurs sociaux, tres investis dans la relation avec les PPSMJ dont ils ont la charge, evacuent les causes de leur desocialisation. Les representations que ces differents professionnels se font des PPSMJ font apparaitre la necessite de comparer ces representations avec les attentes des PPSMJ dont ils s’occupent de maniere a proposer des preconisations pour reduire les ecarts et ameliorer ainsi la relation entre les differents protagonistes de l’interaction.
Published: 2017

13. ERK1 and ERK2 activation modulates diet-induced obesity in mice

Author: Naim Akhtar Khan, Douadi Khelifi, Amira Sayed Khan, Gado Dramane, Selvakumar Subramaniam, Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Département de Biochimie, Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (Université des Frères Mentouri)), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri-Université Mentouri Constantine, Biochemistry Department (Bharathiar University), Bharathiar University, Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), Département des Sciences de la Vie (Ecole Normale Supérieure de Natitingou, Université de Parakou), Université de Parakou, Université de Parakou-Université de Parakou, Laboratoire de Génétique (Université des Frères Mentouri), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) ( NUTOX ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri-Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Université de Parakou (UP), Université Mentouri Constantine [Algérie] (UMC)-Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université Frères Mentouri, Equipe NuTox (LNC - U1231) (NUTOX), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement
Subjects: Blood Glucose, Male, 0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_treatment, Mice, Obese, Biochemistry, Mice, chemistry.chemical_compound, Phosphorylation, Beta oxidation, Cells, Cultured, Mice, Knockout, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, General Medicine, Lipids, Fatty acid synthase, Liver, Lipogenesis, Homeostatic model assessment, medicine.medical_specialty, Blotting, Western, Biology, Diet, High-Fat, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Insulin resistance, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, RNA, Messenger, Obesity, [ SDV.BBM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Inflammation, Triglyceride, Insulin, Body Weight, Lipid Metabolism, medicine.disease, Mice, Inbred C57BL, 030104 developmental biology, Endocrinology, chemistry, biology.protein, MAP kinase, Insulin Resistance
Abstract: IF 3.112; International audience; Obesity is a worldwide problem, and dietary lipids play an important role in its pathogenesis. Recently, Erk1 knock-out (ERK1(-/-)) mice have been shown to exhibit low preference for dietary fatty acids. Hence, we maintained Erk1(-/-) mice on a high-fat diet (HFD) to assess the implication of this mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in obesity. The Erk1(-/-) mice, fed the HFD, were more obese than wild-type (WT) animals, fed the same diet. Erk1(-/-) obese mice gained more fat and liver mass than WT obese animals. No difference was observed in daily food and energy intake in HFD-fed both group of animals. However, feed efficiency was higher in Erk1(-/-) than WT animals. Blood cholesterol, triglyceride and insulin concentrations were higher in Erk1(-/-) obese mice compared to WT obese animals. Accordingly, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) value was higher in Erk1(-/-) obese mice compared to WT obese animals. Interestingly, only Erk1(-/-) obese mice, but not WT-obese animals, exhibited high degree of phosphorylation of liver MEK, the upstream regulator of ERK1/2. This phenomenon was associated with high liver ERK2 phosphorylation in Erk1(-/-) obese mice which also had high liver acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and fatty acid synthase (FAS) mRNA expression, suggesting high lipogenesis in these animals. The Erk1(-/-) obese mice also had low PPAR-α and CPT1β mRNA, indicating low fatty acid oxidation. Our observations suggest that ERK1 and ERK2 might play key roles in the regulation of obesity.
Published: 2017

14. Genetic variation of mitochondrial genes among Echinococcus multilocularis isolates collected in western China

Author: Yingmei Shao, Wenbao Zhang, Hui Wang, Haining Fan, Patrick Giraudoux, Bo Ran, Baoping Guo, Jun Li, Canlin Zhou, Zhang Wei, Hao Wen, Jenny Knapp, Ling Kuang, Chuanchuan Wu, Clinic Medicine Research Institute, First Teaching Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Institut Universitaire de France ( IUF ), Ministère de l'Éducation nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche ( M.E.N.E.S.R. ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Mitochondrial DNA, Veterinary medicine, China, Genotype, 030231 tropical medicine, Molecular Sequence Data, Echinococcus multilocularis, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, nad2, lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Echinococcosis, Genetic variation, Parasite hosting, Animals, Humans, lcsh:RC109-216, Phylogeny, Genetics, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, biology, Base Sequence, Arvicolinae, Research, Alveolar echinococcosis, Haplotype, cob, Helminth Proteins, Mitochondrial genes, 030108 mycology & parasitology, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, Genes, Mitochondrial, Parasitology, GenBank, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: Background Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a life-threatening human disease caused by Echinococcus multilocularis transmitted between rodents and dogs/foxes in the Northern Hemisphere. The study aims to identify the genetic variation of the parasite in AE patients from China. Methods E. multilocularis isolates were collected from wild small mammals (n = 6) and AE patients (n = 56) from western China. Genomic DNA was extracted from different tissue samples including paraffin tissue blocks, ethanol fixed tissues and frozen tissues surgically removed. Two mitochondrial gene fragments (526 bp for cob and 474 bp for nad2) of E. multilocularis were amplified and sequenced. Results The parasite fragment sequences of cob fragments from AE patients showed two haplotypes, and nad2 gene fragment sequences had four haplotypes. The gene sequences from Microtus sp. were 100% identical to the sequences of some isolates from AE patients. These haplotypes were distributed in both Qinghai and Xinjiang provinces. Alignment analysis with the sequences from the GenBank databases showed five genotypes including three Asian genotypes, one from Europe and one from North America. Conclusions Most AE patients harbored the Asian genotype 1 which may be an indication of its relative frequency in the definitive hosts and the environment or of its pathogenicity to humans, which calls for further research.
Published: 2017

15. Chemosensory anxiety signals prime defensive behavior in prepubertal girls

Author: Bettina M. Pause, Katrin T. Lübke, Benoist Schaal, Matthias Hoenen, Anne Busch, Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf = Heinrich Heine University [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf [Düsseldorf], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)
Subjects: Male, Reflex, Startle, puberty, [SDV.OT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Startle response, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Emotions, Sweating, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Electromyography, Anxiety, startle response, Audiology, Stimulus (physiology), Alarm signal, Fear-potentiated startle, 050105 experimental psychology, Developmental psychology, sex hormone, SWEAT, 03 medical and health sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Moro reflex, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, [ SDV.OT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Other [q-bio.OT], Child, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, medicine.diagnostic_test, [ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], 05 social sciences, Stimulation, Chemical, Acoustic Stimulation, chemosensory communication, [ SDV.NEU ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Axilla, Odorants, Female, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, Psychology, chemosensory anxiety, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract: indexation en cours; Chemosensory anxiety signals effectively prime motor responses related to withdrawal behavior, such as the startle reflex, in adult humans. As the reproductive status strongly affects the response to social chemosignals, the current study examined whether chemosensory anxiety signals would augment the startle response in prepubertal children as it does in adults. Using cotton pads, axillary sweat was collected from 28 men while waiting for an important oral examination (anxiety condition), and during ergometer training (sport control condition). Using a constant-flow olfactometer, sweat samples and pure cotton samples (cotton control) were presented to 10 prepubertal girls aged 9-13years (M=11.25, SD=1.25) for 3000ms during inhalation. White noise bursts of 102dB(A) served as startle probes, and startle responses were recorded via electromyography of the orbicularis oculi muscle. The girls showed larger startle amplitudes to probes presented in the context of chemosensory anxiety signals as compared to a context of sport control sweat (p
Published: 2017

16. Metals and metalloid bioconcentrations in the tissues of Typha latifolia grown in the four interconnected ponds of a domestic landfill site

Author: Zohra Ben Salem, Xavier Laffray, Lotfi Aleya, Ahmed Al-Ashoor, Habib Ayadi, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris ( IEES ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Thi Qar University, Faculty of sciences of sfax, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), University of Thi-Quar, Faculté des Sciences de Sfax, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Environmental Engineering, Growing season, Root system, 010501 environmental sciences, Typhaceae, 01 natural sciences, Landfill leachate, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Metals, Heavy, Typha latifolia, Botany, Environmental Chemistry, Leachate, Ponds, Metalloids, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Trace elements, Typha, biology, Chemistry, Trace element, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Lagooning, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Phytoremediation, Rhizome, Waste Disposal Facilities, Biodegradation, Environmental, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, France, Metalloid, Water Pollutants, Chemical
Abstract: International audience; The uptake of metals in roots and their transfer to rhizomes and above-ground plant parts (stems, leaves) of cattails (Typha latifolia L.) were studied in leachates from a domestic landfill site (Etueffont, France) and treated in a natural lagooning system. Plant parts and corresponding water and sediment samples were taken at the inflow and outflow points of the four ponds at the beginning and at the end of the growing season. Concentrations of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn in the different compartments were estimated and their removal efficiency assessed, reaching more than 90% for Fe, Mn and Ni in spring and fall as well in the water compartment. The above- and below-ground cattail biomass varied from 0.21 to 0.85, and 0.34 to 1.24 kg dry weight/m2, respectively, the highest values being recorded in the fourth pond in spring 2011. The root system was the first site of accumulation before the rhizome, stem and leaves. The highest metal concentration was observed in roots from cattails growing at the inflow of the system's first pond. The trend in the average trace element concentrations in the cattail plant organs can generally be expressed as: Fe > Mn > As > Zn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd for both spring and fall. While T. latifolia removes trace elements efficiently from landfill leachates, attention should also be paid to the negative effects of these elements on plant growth.
Published: 2017

17. Sirtuin-1 Activation Controls Tumor Growth by Impeding Th17 Differentiation via STAT3 Deacetylation

Author: Romain Euvrard, Cédric Rébé, François Ghiringhelli, Hélène Berger, Emeric Limagne, Dominique Delmas, Frédérique Végan, Valentin Derangère, Marion Thibaudin, Lionel Apetoh, Sylvain Ladoire, Pauline Chalons, Etienne Humblin, Romain Boidot, Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Département d'oncologie médicale [Centre Georges-François Leclerc], Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER, Plateforme de transfert en biologie cancérologique [Dijon], Centre d'épidémiologie des populations (CEP), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer [Dijon - U1231] ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre d'épidémiologie des populations ( CEP ), and Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL )
Subjects: CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, 0301 basic medicine, endocrine system diseases, Cellular differentiation, Melanoma, Experimental, Regulator, environment and public health, [ SDV.CAN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, STAT3, Mice, Sirtuin 1, RAR-related orphan receptor gamma, lcsh:QH301-705.5, Mice, Inbred BALB C, biology, Acetylation, Cell Differentiation, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 3, Metformin, Cell biology, Th17, RORγt, medicine.symptom, biological phenomena, cell phenomena, and immunity, hormones, hormone substitutes, and hormone antagonists, STAT3 Transcription Factor, Agonist, medicine.drug_class, Transplantation, Heterologous, Carbazoles, Mice, Nude, Inflammation, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, SIRT1, Cell Line, Tumor, medicine, Animals, Humans, cancer, Molecular biology, Mice, Inbred C57BL, enzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates), 030104 developmental biology, lcsh:Biology (General), biology.protein, Th17 Cells
Abstract: International audience; Sirtuin-1 deacetylates proteins and has emerged as a critical regulator of different cellular processes, particularly inflammation. Basal SIRT1 activity was previously found to limit Th9 and enhance Th17 differentiation in mice, but the effect of pharmacological SIRT1 activation on T cell differentiation and antitumor responses remains unclear. Here, we find that SIRT1 pharmacological agonists selectively impede mouse and human Th17 cell differentiation. SIRT1 activation induces STAT3 deacetylation, thus reducing its ability to translocate into the nucleus, bind to Rorc promoter, and induce its transcription. SIRT1 agonists reduce tumor growth in mice by blocking Th17 cell differentiation. In cancer patients, the SIRT1 agonist metformin reduced the frequency of Th17 cells and STAT3 acetylation levels. Altogether, these data underscore that SIRT1 activation impedes Th17 cell differentiation and thereby limits tumor growth and suggest that SIRT1 activators may directly target IL-17A functions.
Published: 2017

18. A nitrocefin-based amperometric assay for the rapid quantification of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in wastewaters

Author: Benoit Chantemesse, Fabienne Vienney, Murielle Rochelet, Alain Hartmann, Sébastien Solanas, Laetitia Betelli, Loïc Bollache, INRA - Dijon, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), FEDER [2014-9201, 2014-9205AAO3304395], Suez, Conseil Regional de Bourgogne-Franche-Comte, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Environmental Engineering, Cefotaxime, Extended-spectrum p-lactamase, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], 030106 microbiology, Wastewater, beta-Lactamases, 03 medical and health sciences, Escherichia coli, Electrochemistry, medicine, Nitrocefin, Waste Management and Disposal, Effluent, Escherichia coli Infections, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Water Science and Technology, Civil and Structural Engineering, Chromatography, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Chemistry, Chromogenic, Ecological Modeling, Substrate (chemistry), Pollution, 6. Clean water, Amperometry, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Wastewaters, Carbon sensors, Subculture (biology), medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; A sensitive and inexpensive amperometric assay based on the electrochemical detection of the beta-lactamase activity using the nitrocefin as substrate was developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia colt (ESBL-EC) in urban wastewaters. The specific detection of ESBL-EC was achieved by culturing the filtered sample in a medium containing the cefotaxime supplemented or not with the potassium clavulanate inhibitor. This step was followed by the incubation of each subculture filtrate with the nitrocefin substrate which hydrolysis was monitored by amperometry using disposable carbon screen-printed sensors. Current intensities i(Cef) and i(Clav) correspond to the intensity of the anodic current measured (similar to+ 0.2 V vs. Ag/AgCl) for the sample incubated with the cefotaxime without and with potassium clavulanate, respectively. The intensity value i = i(Cef) iClav was chosen as the analytical response. ESBL-EC calibration plots were established with artificially contaminated wastewater samples. This assay allowed the detection of ESBL-EC amounts as low as 10 cfu in treated effluents and 100 cfu in raw wastewaters with short time analysis of 5.5 h and 4.5 h, respectively. The amperometric method was applied to the analysis of 38 wastewater samples and the results were in good agreement with CFU counts on a selective chromogenic medium for 24 h. Owing to its rapidity, convenience, low-cost and portability, this assay is a promising tool to obtain quantitative data on antimicrobial-resistant E. coli in wastewater effluents. Furthermore, this assay might be used to improve wastewater treatment plant processes in order to minimize the release of antibiotic resistant bacteria into the aquatic environment.
Published: 2017

19. How could thermal stratification affect horizontal distribution of depth-integrated metazooplankton communities in the Gulf of Gabes (Tunisia)?

Author: Asma Hamza, Thouraya Ben Ltaief, Zaher Drira, Jean-Luc Devenon, Habib Ayadi, Marc Pagano, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire d'océanographie et de biogéochimie (LOB), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie (MIO), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), UR Biodiversité & Ecosystèmes Aquatiques, Université de Sfax - University of Sfax, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire d'océanographie et de biogéochimie ( LOB ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut méditerranéen d'océanologie ( MIO ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Université de Toulon ( UTLN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô], University of Sfax, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), and Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Toulon (UTLN)
Subjects: zooplankton, 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, metazooplankton, Thermal stratification, Ecological succession, Stratification (vegetation), Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, Zooplankton, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, deep oceanic water, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, trophic conditions, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Horizontal distribution, warm water, shallow water column, Environmental science
Abstract: The spatial and temporal variability of metazooplankton communities in relation to environmental and trophic factors were studied in the Gulf of Gabes during three periods of increasing thermal stratification in June, July and September. Non-metric multi-dimensional scaling (NMDS) revealed the time and space succession of three zooplankton communities in relation to the degree of thermal stratification. A co-inertia analysis showed the association between these communities and the trophic conditions (abundance and composition of microplankton) driven by stratification. Three divergent communities were evident. The first, characterized by annelid larvae and coastal copepods, was associated with shallow mixed and microplankton-rich water (June, coastal). The second, characterized by euphausiids, amphipods, doliolids and several deep-water copepods, corresponded to highly stratified microplankton-poor water (September). The third, characterized by the most ubiquitous and abundant species, was linked to intermediate water (June deep and July). Temperature and salinity conditions also explained the distribution of key species. Clausocalanus furcatus, Oithona plumifera and Triconia conifera were clearly associated with warm and highly stratified water (September). Enhanced thermal stratification led to higher surface salinity, explaining the emergence of euryhaline taxa such as Oithona plumifera.
Published: 2017

20. Single- and Double-Strand Breaks of Dry DNA Exposed to Protons at Bragg-Peak Energies

Author: Michel Fromm, Dominique Muller, A. Belafrites, Rémi Barillon, Quentin Raffy, Mounir Souici, Talat Tariq Khalil, Christophe Champion, Laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements et Applications (LPRA), Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia [Jijel] | University of Jijel (UMSBJ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie (ICube), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Les Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Matériaux et Nanosciences Grand-Est (MNGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Programme National Exceptionnel (PNE - French Algerian Collaboration program), Université Mohamed Seddik Ben Yahia [Jijel], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg (INSA Strasbourg), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg (ENGEES)-Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace (FMNGE), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique des Rayonnements et Applications ( LPRA ), Université de Jijel, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire des sciences de l'ingénieur, de l'informatique et de l'imagerie ( ICube ), École Nationale du Génie de l'Eau et de l'Environnement de Strasbourg ( ENGEES ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées - Strasbourg ( INSA Strasbourg ), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Matériaux et nanosciences d'Alsace, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Réseau nanophotonique et optique, Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar ( Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ), Département Recherches Subatomiques ( DRS-IPHC ), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien ( IPHC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan ( CENBG ), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: cross-section, Proton, Polyesters, Linear energy transfer, Bragg peak, 7. Clean energy, clustered DNA damage, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, damage yield, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Materials Chemistry, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded, Linear Energy Transfer, DNA Breaks, Single-Stranded, Irradiation, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, radiochemical yield, Double strand, Range (particle radiation), DNA, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], chemistry, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-CHEM-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Chemical Physics [physics.chem-ph], Protons, Atomic physics, Plasmids, Bragg-Peak, single and double strand break
Abstract: International audience; Ultrathin layers (
Published: 2017

21. Polychlorobiphenyls in freshwater fish: a new strategy to set maximum contamination limits

Author: Aurélie Mahé, Pierre-Marie Badot, Carole Vigreux-Besret, Gilles Rivière, Virginie Desvignes, Cyril Feidt, Jean-Luc Volatier, Xavier Laffray, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux (URAFPA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health Safety [Maisons-Alfort] ( ANSES ), ANSES, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Unité de Recherches Animal et Fonctionnalités des Produits Animaux ( URAFPA ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, chaîne alimentaire, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Population, Food Contamination, Fresh Water, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, pop, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, Food chain, consumption recommendations, Animals, 14. Life underwater, education, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Pollutant, education.field_of_study, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], areas of health concern, biology, recommandation alimentaire, Fishes, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Aquatic animal, General Chemistry, General Medicine, dietary allowance, polychlorobiphényle, Contamination, biology.organism_classification, Polychlorinated Biphenyls, 6. Clean water, Fishery, food chain, 13. Climate action, Freshwater fish, Regression Analysis, Environmental science, %22">Fish , Food Science, Food contaminant
Abstract: Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants accumulating along the food chain, and particularly in fish. Consequently, the European Commission has set regulatory limits for PCBs in both sea- and freshwater fish. Focusing on freshwater fish, the French Agency for Food Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety has developed a method to determine the areas in France where the consumption of locally caught freshwater fish is not recommended due to PCB contamination. To determine these areas of potential health concern, an existing statistical model of the relationship between the consumption of local fish by freshwater anglers and their PCB body burden is linked to a newly determined critical PCB body burden threshold for the population. The main conclusions of this study are that the consumption of two freshwater fish per week from rivers in the areas of France where the median contamination level in fish is greater than 250 ngg(-1) could lead to some exceedance of the critical body burden threshold.
Published: 2016

22. Sediment type rules the response of aquatic plant communities to dewatering in wetlands

Author: Sara Puijalon, Gudrun Bornette, Mélissa De Wilde, Écologie Végétale et Zones Humides, Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés ( LEHNA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire d'Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés (LEHNA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État (ENTPE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, Resistance, Aquatic plant community, Dewatering, Wetland, Plant Science, Silt, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Disturbance intensity, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Aquatic plant, Hydrology, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Resilience, Ecology, Sediment type, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Helophyte, Sediment, Plant community, 15. Life on land, 6. Clean water, 13. Climate action, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Species richness
Abstract: Questions The effect of dewatering on aquatic plant communities may vary with sediment properties, such as particle size and organic matter content, as both control water retention in the sediment during dewatering. No study has tested how sediment type affects the short-term response of plant communities to dewatering. We hypothesized that for the same dewatering event: (1) organic, silt and coarse sediments rank along a gradient of water deficit, with which community resistance and resilience decrease; (2) species survival during the event depend on their known ecological affinity for water; and (3) a peak in species richness associated with an intermediate water deficit occurs in silty habitats. Location Riverine wetlands in the floodplain of the Ain River, France. Methods Eighteen sampling units were defined, set over three sediment types: gravel-dominated coarse sediment, silt and organic matter-dominated sediment. For each sediment type, three sampling units were permanently aquatic, and three sampling units underwent summer dewatering. A survey of species cover was conducted in each sampling unit at four times: before summer dewatering, at the beginning of the event, at the end of the event and 2 months after rewetting. Community resistance and resilience were assessed, as were changes over time in the proportions of species according their water affinity (hydrophytes, amphiphytes and helophytes, documented from the floras), and the effect of dewatering on species renewal and richness. Results The sediment type affected aquatic plant community resistance and resilience, with increasing disturbance intensity for silty, followed by coarse compared with organic sediment. Organic sediment retained water efficiently during dewatering, supporting high community resistance, with the maintenance of amphiphytes and more tolerant hydrophytes. On silty sediment, disturbance was sufficiently high to cause the disappearance of hydrophyte vegetative parts, but propagules rapidly sprouted after rewetting, suggesting their preservation in the sediment and enabling good community resilience. On coarse sediment, a decrease in resident amphiphyte abundance, together with helophyte colonization and maintenance after rewetting were observed. Coarse sediment is not favourable to propagule survival, explaining the low community resilience. Contrary to our hypothesis, a linear positive relationship between disturbance intensity and species richness was observed after dewatering. Conclusion The present study demonstrates that a simple description of sediment type allows prediction of dewatering impact on aquatic plant communities: organic, silt and coarse sediments were ranked along a gradient of water deficit, along which resistance and resilience decreased.
Published: 2016

23. Weathering of limestone after several decades in an urban environment

Author: Jean-Didier Mertz, Jean-Pierre Sizun, Aurélie Verney-Carron, Sophie Nowak, Estel Colas, Olivier Rozenbaum, Anne Chabas, Mandana Saheb, Lucile Gentaz, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques (LRMH), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation (CRC ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Milieux Poreux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes (ITODYS (UMR_7086)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), French Ministry for Culture and Communication, Laboratoire inter-universitaire des systèmes atmosphèriques ( LISA ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 ( UPEC UP12 ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Laboratoire de recherche des monuments historiques ( LRMH ), Centre de Recherche sur la Conservation ( CRC ), Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle ( MNHN ) -Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication ( MCC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 ( ISTO ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) ( BRGM ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université d'Orléans ( UO ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Interfaces, Traitements, Organisation et Dynamique des Systèmes ( ITODYS UMR7086 ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Ministère de la Culture et de la Communication (MCC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: Materials science, Gypsum, XRD, General Chemical Engineering, [ SPI.MAT ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, education, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Geochemistry, Mineralogy, chemistry.chemical_element, Weathering, 02 engineering and technology, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, [SHS.MUSEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, 01 natural sciences, Texture (geology), [SPI.MAT]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Materials, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Atmospheric corrosion, Stonework, 021105 building & construction, 11. Sustainability, General Materials Science, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Chemistry, Deposition (aerosol physics), chemistry, Raman spectroscopy, SEM, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, [ SHS.MUSEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Cultural heritage and museology, Carbon, Urban environment
Abstract: International audience; The alteration of “Saint-Maximin Roche fine” limestones exposed to the Parisian urban environment during more than 60 years has been studied. It leads to changes of the texture and morphology, to the neo-formation of gypsum on the subsurface and to the deposition of carbon containing phases on the surface. Depending on the location of the blocks on the monuments, the alteration states are different related to different water activities that could influence the further alteration processes. The multiscale characterization has enabled to correlate the macrometric properties to the mesoscopic behavior, what is essential to understand the alteration mechanisms.
Published: 2016

24. Negative impact of urban habitat on immunity in the great tit Parus major

Author: Marie Belvalette, Juliette Bailly, Maud Gète, Mickaël Sage, Valérie-Anne Clément-Demange, Bruno Faivre, Stéphane Garnier, Renaud Scheifler, Quentin Piget, Baptiste Pasteur, Matthieu Leblond, Elena Boissier, Biogéosciences [Dijon] ( BGS ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Wildlife, Environment and Expertises, Financial support provided by the Regional Council of Burgundy and the Center for Research and Higher Education., Biogéosciences [UMR 6282] [Dijon] (BGS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Resource (biology), Context (language use), Environment, Ecological immunology, Biology, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Birds, 03 medical and health sciences, Immune system, Immunity, Urbanization, Animals, [ SDV.IMM ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Parasites, Passeriformes, Ecosystem, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Organism, Inflammation, Parus, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Ecology, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 030104 developmental biology, Habitat, Haptoglobin, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract: 10 pages; International audience; Urban habitats are described as having an overall negative influence on many fitness-related traits in several bird species, but a vital function such as immunity remains poorly studied. The immune response is strongly linked to individual condition, which partly depends on resource availability and the parasitic context that often differ between urban and natural habitats. A difference between the immunity of populations dwelling in urban areas and populations from more natural habitats can, therefore, be hypothesized. We conducted a 2-year experimental study on great tits (Parus major) in urban and forest areas. We stimulated the constitutive immunity of nestlings and assessed both the inflammatory response by measuring the plasma levels of haptoglobin, an inflammatory marker, and its activation cost through the loss of body mass. In addition, we checked the nestlings for ectoparasites and assessed haemosporidian prevalence in adults. Nestlings from urban sites produced relatively less haptoglobin and lost more body mass than those from forest sites, which suggests that the activation of constitutive immunity is more costly for birds living in urban sites than for those living in the forest. We detected no ectoparasite in birds in both habitats. However, urban adults showed lower haemosporidian prevalence than forest ones, suggesting a reduced exposure to these parasites and their vectors in towns. Overall, our study provides evidence for an immune difference between urban and forest populations. Because immunity is crucial for organism fitness, it is of prime interest to identify causes and processes at the origin of this difference.
Published: 2016

25. The mapping of the Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile barrier reef meadow in the southeastern Gulf of Tunis (Tunisia)

Author: Lotfi Aleya, Habib Langar, Djallouli Aslem Sami, Mohamed Amine Hachani, Boutheina Ziadi, Souad Turki, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Cymodocea nodosa, Barrier reef, Snorkeling, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Satellite image, 14. Life underwater, Barrier reef mapping, Reef, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, biology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Posidonia oceanica, Geology, biology.organism_classification, Current (stream), Oceanography, Remote sensing (archaeology), Anthropic impact, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, business
Abstract: Barrier reefs are among the most important ecomorphosis for Posidonia oceanica meadows and have long been subjected to anthropic pressures. The authors mapped the entire Sidi Rais (northeastern Tunisia) Posidonia oceanica barrier reef by means of remote sensing based on processing a satellite image acquired via Google Earth © software, coupled with field observations obtained by snorkeling. The map thus produced represents the P. oceanica barrier reef in its current state, covering a total area of 156.77 ha, the reef being divided into three distinct sections separated by reverse flows with each section subject to varied anthropic factors and disturbances.
Published: 2016

26. Archaeological occurrences and historical review of the human amoeba, Entamoeba histolytica, over the past 6000years

Author: Céline Maicher, Benjamin Dufour, Matthieu Le Bailly, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, History, Paleoparasitology, Current distribution, Feces, 0302 clinical medicine, Parasite hosting, Carbon Radioisotopes, Amoeba, History, Ancient, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Microscopy, Entamoebiasis, biology, Human migration, Ecology, Entamoeba histolytica, Europe, Infectious Diseases, Archaeology, Human, Microbiology (medical), [ SDV.MP.PAR ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Old World, food.ingredient, [SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Human Migration, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Antigens, Protozoan, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Microbiology, Host-Parasite Interactions, Amoeba (genus), Middle East, 03 medical and health sciences, food, Genetics, Animals, Humans, [SDV.MP.PAR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Parasitology, Molecular Biology, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, business.industry, Paleontology, Mummies, biology.organism_classification, [ SHS.ARCHEO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory, Americas, business
Abstract: Understanding parasite history and the evolution of host/parasite relationships is one of the most important aspects of paleoparasitology. Within the framework of this research topic, this paper focuses on the human pathogenic amoeba, Entamoeba histolytica. The compilation of all the available archaeological data concerning this parasite leads to a first glimpse of the history of this parasite of current medical importance. Paleoparasitological investigation into this parasite uses immunological techniques and shows that the modern strain of E. histolytica has been present in Western Europe since at least the Neolithic period (3700yearsBCE), and could have originated in the Old World. The appearance of the modern amoeba strain in the pre-Columbian Americas and the Middle East around the 12th century CE gives rise to hypotheses as to how human migrations (Atlantic or Pacific routes) contributed to the diffusion of this pathogen, resulting in its current distribution. This compilation proves that parasites are valuable proxies for studying past human and animal migrations, and should be given more consideration in the future.
Published: 2016

27. High susceptibility of MDR and XDR Gram-negative pathogens to biphenyl-diacetylene-based difluoromethyl-allo-threonyl-hydroxamate LpxC inhibitors

Author: Jean-Marie Pagès, René Courcol, Pei Zhou, Marie Titecat, Nadine Lemaître, Thierry Lambert, Eric J. Toone, Audrey Charlet, Florent Sebbane, Didier Hocquet, Chul-Jin Lee, Xiaofei Liang, Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille (CIIL) - U1019 - UMR 8204 ( CIIL ), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur ( RIIP ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -IFR142-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Duke university [Durham], Department of Biochemistry, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Unité Bactéries, Pathogènes et Santé ( UBaPS ), Université Paris-Sud 11 - Faculté de médecine ( UP11 UFR Médecine ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Transporteurs membranaires, chimioresistance et drug-design ( TMCD2 ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre d’Infection et d’Immunité de Lille - INSERM U 1019 - UMR 9017 - UMR 8204 (CIIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Université de Lille-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Duke University [Durham], Duke University Medical Center, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Bactéries, Pathogènes et Santé (UBaPS), Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Transporteurs membranaires, chimioresistance et drug-design (TMCD2), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE)
Subjects: Acinetobacter baumannii, Threonine, 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Klebsiella pneumoniae, medicine.drug_class, 030106 microbiology, Antibiotics, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Hydroxamic Acids, medicine.disease_cause, beta-Lactamases, Amidohydrolases, Microbiology, 03 medical and health sciences, Bacterial Proteins, Enterobacteriaceae, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial, Gram-Negative Bacteria, Escherichia coli, polycyclic compounds, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Enzyme Inhibitors, Original Research, Pharmacology, biology, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, bacterial infections and mycoses, Antimicrobial, biology.organism_classification, Anti-Bacterial Agents, 3. Good health, Ciprofloxacin, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Amikacin, lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins), medicine.drug
Abstract: International audience; Inhibitors of uridine diphosphate-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC, which catalyses the first, irreversible step in lipid A biosynthesis) are a promising new class of antibiotics against Gram-negative bacteria. The objectives of the present study were to: (i) compare the antibiotic activities of three LpxC inhibitors (LPC-058, LPC-011 and LPC-087) and the reference inhibitor CHIR-090 against Gram-negative bacilli (including MDR and XDR isolates); and (ii) investigate the effect of combining these inhibitors with conventional antibiotics.MethodsMICs were determined for 369 clinical isolates (234 Enterobacteriaceae and 135 non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli). Time–kill assays with LPC-058 were performed on four MDR/XDR strains, including Escherichia coli producing CTX-M-15 ESBL and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii producing KPC-2, VIM-1 and OXA-23 carbapenemases, respectively.ResultsLPC-058 was the most potent antibiotic and displayed the broadest spectrum of antimicrobial activity, with MIC90 values for Enterobacteriaceae, P. aeruginosa, Burkholderia cepacia and A. baumannii of 0.12, 0.5, 1 and 1 mg/L, respectively. LPC-058 was bactericidal at 1× or 2× MIC against CTX-M-15, KPC-2 and VIM-1 carbapenemase-producing strains and bacteriostatic at ≤4× MIC against OXA-23 carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii. Combinations of LPC-058 with β-lactams, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were synergistic against these strains, albeit in a species-dependent manner. LPC-058's high efficacy was attributed to the presence of the difluoromethyl-allo-threonyl head group and a linear biphenyl-diacetylene tail group.ConclusionsThese in vitro data highlight the therapeutic potential of the new LpxC inhibitor LPC-058 against MDR/XDR strains and set the stage for subsequent in vivo studies.
Published: 2016

28. Prediction of Extractable Cd, Pb and Zn in Contaminated Woody Habitat Soils Using a Change Point Detection Method

Author: Christelle Pruvot, Clémentine Fritsch, Christophe Waterlot, Annette de Vaufleury, Renaud Scheifler, Francis Douay, Géraldine Bidar, Equipe Sols et Environnement, Université Lille Nord de France, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Université Lille Nord de France (COMUE), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Agence de l'Environnement et de la Maitrise de l'Energie (ADEME), and Agence Nationale pour la Recherche (ANR)
Subjects: Soil test, metals, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, Soil science, soil parameters, Zinc, extractability, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, multiple linear regression model, Cation-exchange capacity, Organic matter, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, chemistry.chemical_classification, Cadmium, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, citric acid, 15. Life on land, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Phytoremediation, acetic acid, chemistry, 13. Climate action, contaminated soil, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, [ SDE.ES ] Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society
Abstract: International audience; Accumulation of heavy metals in soils poses a potential risk to plant production, which is related to availability of the metals in soil. The phytoavailability of metals is usually evaluated using extracting solutions such as salts, acids or chelates. The purpose of this study was to identify the most significant soil parameters that can be used to predict the concentrations of acetic and citric acid-extractable cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in contaminated woody habitat topsoils. Multiple linear regression models were established using two analysis strategies and three sets of variables based on a dataset of 260 soil samples. The performance of these models was evaluated using statistical parameters. Cation exchange capacity, CaCO3, organic matter, assimilated P, free Al oxide, sand and the total metal concentrations appeared to be the main soil parameters governing the solubility of Cd, Pb and Zn in acetic and citric acid solutions. The results strongly suggest that the metal solubility in extracting solutions is extractable concentration-dependent since models were overall improved by incorporating a change point. This change point detection method was a powerful tool for predicting extractable Cd, Pb and Zn. Suitable predictions of extractable Cd, Pb and Zn concentrations were obtained, with correlation coefficient (adjusted r) ranging from 0.80 to 0.99, given the high complexity of the woody habitat soils studied. Therefore, the predictive models can constitute a decision-making support tool for managing phytoremediation of contaminated soils, making recommendations to control the potential bioavailability of metals. The relationships between acetic and/or citric acid-extractable concentrations and the concentrations of metals into the aboveground parts of plants need to be predicted, in order to make their temporal monitoring easier.
Published: 2016

29. Development of a Real-Time PCR for a Sensitive One-Step Coprodiagnosis Allowing both the Identification of Carnivore Feces and the Detection of Toxocara spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis

Author: Jenny Knapp, Marie-Lazarine Poulle, Laurence Millon, Gérald Umhang, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire, de l'Alimentation, de l'environnement et du Travail ( ANSES ), ANSES, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne ( URCA ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), Projet Interdisciplinaire Ecologie de la Sante grant from the CNRS-INEE, and InVS National Reference Center for Alveolar Echinococcosis
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Vulpes, 030231 tropical medicine, Foxes, Zoology, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Echinococcus multilocularis, Sensitivity and Specificity, Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Feces, 03 medical and health sciences, Toxocara cati, Dogs, 0302 clinical medicine, parasitic diseases, Animals, Helminths, media_common.cataloged_instance, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Toxocara, media_common, [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, Ecology, biology, Felis, 030108 mycology & parasitology, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Canis lupus familiaris, Canis, Cats, Food Science, Biotechnology
Abstract: Studying the environmental occurrence of parasites of concern for humans and animals based on coprosamples is an expanding field of work in epidemiology and the ecology of health. Detecting and quantifying Toxocara spp. and Echinococcus multilocularis , two predominant zoonotic helminths circulating in European carnivores, in feces may help to better target measures for prevention. A rapid, sensitive, and one-step quantitative PCR (qPCR) allowing detection of E. multilocularis and Toxocara spp. was developed in the present study, combined with a host fecal test based on the identification of three carnivores (red fox, dog, and cat) involved in the life cycles of these parasites. A total of 68 coprosamples were collected from identified specimens from Vulpes vulpes , Canis lupus familiaris , Canis lupus , Felis silvestris catus , Meles meles , Martes foina , and Martes martes . With DNA coprosamples, real-time PCR was performed in duplex with a qPCR inhibitor control specifically designed for this study. All the coprosample host identifications were confirmed by qPCR combined with sequencing, and parasites were detected and confirmed ( E. multilocularis in red foxes and Toxocara cati in cats; 16% of samples presented inhibition). By combining parasite detection and quantification, the host fecal test, and a new qPCR inhibitor control, we created a technique with a high sensitivity that may considerably improve environmental studies of pathogens.
Published: 2016

30. Vertical micro-distribution of microbial communities living in Sphagnum fallax

Author: Donghui Wu, Daniel Gilbert, Lihong Song, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), IDIAP Research Institute, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, 0106 biological sciences, Microbial food web, Peat, biology, Ecology, business.industry, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Distribution (economics), Aquatic Science, biology.organism_classification, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Sphagnum, [ SDV.EE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, Sphagnum fallax, Botany, Environmental science, business, Testate amoebae, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

31. Multiproxy assessment of Holocene relative sea-level changes in the western Mediterranean: Sea-level variability and improvements in the definition of the isostatic signal

Author: Nick Marriner, Alessandro Fontana, Alessio Rovere, Christophe Morhange, Matteo Vacchi, Giorgio Spada, Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement des géosciences de l'environnement (CEREGE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Collège de France (CdF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Center for Marine Environmental Sciences [Bremen] (MARUM), Universität Bremen, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre européen de recherche et d'enseignement de géosciences de l'environnement ( CEREGE ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Collège de France ( CdF ) -Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), MARUM, Universität Bremen Postfach, Vacchi, Matteo, Marriner, Nick, Morhange, Christophe, SPADA, GIORGIO, Fontana, Alessandro, and Rovere, Alessio
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, Isostasy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Antarctic ice sheet, Context (language use), Sea-level database, Sea level, Isostasy, Mediterranean Sea, Holocene, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Mediterranean sea, Isostatic adjustment, Settore GEO/04 - Geografia Fisica e Geomorfologia, Mediterranean Sea, Sea level, Holocene, Sea-level proxy, [SDU.STU.GM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, 14. Life underwater, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Beachrock, [ SDU.STU.GM ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geomorphology, Earth and Planetary Sciences (all), Oceanography, 13. Climate action, General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Spatial variability, Geology
Abstract: A review of 917 relative sea-level (RSL) data-points has resulted in the first quality-controlled database constraining the Holocene sea-level histories of the western Mediterranean Sea (Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Malta and Tunisia). We reviewed and standardized the geological RSL data-points using a new multi-proxy methodology based on: (1) modern taxa assemblages in Mediterranean lagoons and marshes; (2) beachrock characteristics (cement fabric and chemistry, sedimentary structures); and (3) the modern distribution of Mediterranean fixed biological indicators. These RSL data-points were coupled with the large number of archaeological RSL indicators available for the western Mediterranean. We assessed the spatial variability of RSL histories for 22 regions and compared these with the ICE-5G (VM2) GIA model. In the western Mediterranean, RSL rose continuously for the whole Holocene with a sudden slowdown at ~ 7.5 ka BP and a further deceleration during the last ~ 4.0 ka BP, after which time observed RSL changes are mainly related to variability in isostatic adjustment. The sole exception is southern Tunisia, where data show evidence of a mid-Holocene high-stand compatible with the isostatic impacts of the melting history of the remote Antarctic ice sheet. Our results indicate that late-Holocene sea-level rise was significantly slower than the current one. First estimates of GIA contribution indicate that, at least in the northwestern sector, it accounts at least for the 25–30% of the ongoing sea-level rise recorded by Mediterranean tidal gauges. Such contribution is less constrained at lower latitudes due to the lower quality of the late Holocene index points. Future applications of spatio-temporal statistical techniques are required to better quantify the gradient of the isostatic contribution and to provide improved context for the assessment of 20th century acceleration of Mediterranean sea-level rise.
Published: 2016

32. Organic matter quantity and quality, metals availability and foraminiferal assemblages as environmental proxy applied to the Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia)

Author: Noureddine Zaaboub, Monia El Bour, Leandro Nogueira, Egberto Pereira, Maria Virgínia Alves Martins, Paulo Miranda, Fabrizio Frontalini, Helena Antunes Portela, Mohamed Amine Helali, Iara Clemente, Imen Boukef-BenOmrane, Darlly Reis, Lotfi Aleya, Universidade de Aveiro, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro [Rio de Janeiro] (UERJ), Faculté des Sciences Mathématiques, Physiques et Naturelles de Tunis (FST), Université de Tunis El Manar (UTM), Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô] (INSTM), Università degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - Faculdade de Geologia, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - UERJ, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Institut National des Sciences et Technologies de la Mer [Salammbô], Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: Chlorophyll, 0106 biological sciences, Mediterranean climate, Geologic Sediments, Chlorophyll a, Tunisia, Foraminifera, Environment, Sulfides, 010501 environmental sciences, Aquatic Science, Oceanography, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, Biopolymer concentrations, chemistry.chemical_compound, Acid volatile sulfides, Seawater, Organic matter, 14. Life underwater, TOC, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Trophic level, chemistry.chemical_classification, Bacteria, biology, Ecology, 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, Sediment, Simultaneously extracted metals, biology.organism_classification, Living benthic foraminifera, Oxygen isotopes, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Cassidulina, chemistry, Metals, 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract: International audience; This study analyzes the benthic trophic state of Bizerte Lagoon (Tunisia) based on the total organic matter and the bioavailability of biopolymeric carbon including proteins (PTN), carbohydrates (CHO), lipids (LIP), chlorophyll a, as well as bacteria counts. The overall simultaneously extracted metals (SEM), and acid volatile sulfides (AVS) as well as the SEM/AVS ratio indicative of the toxicity of the sediments also were analyzed aiming to study their impact in the dimension, composition and structure of both dead and living benthic foraminiferal assemblages.In the studied sites TOC content is relatively high and the PTN/CHO values indicate that they can be considered as meso-eutrophic environments. The CHO/TOC and C/N values suggest that the OM which accumulated on the sediments surface has mainly natural origin despite the introduction of municipal and industrial effluents in the lagoon and the large bacterial pool.The living assemblages of benthic foraminifera of Bizerte Lagoon are quite different to other Mediterranean transitional systems studied until now. They are composed of typical lagoonal species but also include several marine and opportunistic species including significant numbers of bolivinids, buliminids, Nonionella/Nonionoides spp. and Cassidulina/Globocassidulina spp. These assemblages seem to benefitfrom the physicochemical parameters and the sediment stability. They may however face environmental stress in the lagoon related to the AVS production as a result of the organic matter degradation and toxicity in some areas due to the available concentrations of metals. Nonetheless statistical results evidence that the structure and dimension of assemblages are being controlled mostly by OM quantity and quality related mainly to the availability of PTN, CHO and chlorophyll a. Results of this work support the importance of considering OM quantity and quality in studies of environmental impact in coastal systems.
Published: 2016

33. Recent changes in mountain grasslands: a vegetation resampling study

Author: Arnaud Mouly, François Gillet, Pierre-Marie Badot, Leslie Mauchamp, thèmeTCS, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques ( ECOS ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ) -Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques ( ECOS ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Conseil Régional Franche-Comté, CIGC, BioGEcoP, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire des systèmes écologiques (ECOS), and Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL)
Subjects: 0106 biological sciences, diachronic survey, ecological indicator values, Biodiversity, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Grazing pressure, Grassland, Jura Mountains, CSR strategies, resampling vegetation plots, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Original Research, Nature and Landscape Conservation, 2. Zero hunger, [ SDE.BE ] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Anthropogenic changes, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ecology, vegetation dynamics, food and beverages, Plant community, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, community diversity, Ecological indicator, Geography, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Indicator value, Species richness, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, grassland
Abstract: International audience; Understanding how land-use changes affect different facets of plant biodiversity in seminatural European grasslands is of particular importance for biodiversity conservation. As conclusions of previous experimental or synchronic observational studies did not converge toward a general agreement, assessing the recent trends in vegetation change in various grassland systems using a diachronic approach is needed. In this resurvey study, we investigated the recent changes in grassland vegetation of the French Jura Mountains, a region with a long tradition of pastoralism. We compared the floristic composition of 150 grassland plots recorded between 1990 and 2000 with new relevés made in 2012 on the same plots. We considered taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional diversity as well as ecological characteristics of the plant communities derived from ecological indicator values and life strategies of the species. PCA of the floristic composition revealed a significant general trend linked to the sampling year. Wilcoxon paired tests showed that contemporary communities were generally more dominated by grass species and presented a higher tolerance to defoliation, a higher pastoral value, and a higher nutrient indicator value. Comparisons revealed a decrease in phylogenetic and functional diversity. By contrast, local species richness has slightly increased. The intensity of change in species composition, measured by Hellinger distance between pairs of relevés, was dependent on neither the time lag between the two surveys, the author of the first relevé nor its location or elevation. The most important changes were observed in grasslands that previously presented low pastoral value, low grass cover, low tolerance to defoliation, and high proportion of stress-tolerant species. This trend was likely linked to the intensification of grassland management reported in the region, with a parallel increase in mowing frequency, grazing pressure, and fertilization level. More restrictive specifications should be applied to agricultural practices to avoid overexploitation of mountain species-rich grasslands and its negative consequences on their biodiversity and resilience.
Published: 2016

34. High prevalence of international ESBL CTX-M-15-producingEnterobacter cloacaeST114 clone in animals

Author: Jean Yves Madec, Estelle Saras, Cécile Ponsin, Marisa Haenni, Marie Petitjean, Didier Hocquet, Safia Dahmen, Unité Antibiorésistance et Virulence Bactériennes, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail ( ANSES Maisons-Alfort ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Microbiology (medical), Genotype, 030106 microbiology, beta-Lactamases, Microbiology, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, Plasmid, Disk Diffusion Antimicrobial Tests, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, law, Enterobacter cloacae, Prevalence, Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, Animals, Pharmacology (medical), Typing, Polymerase chain reaction, Pharmacology, Molecular Epidemiology, biology, Molecular epidemiology, Enterobacteriaceae Infections, Sequence Analysis, DNA, bacterial infections and mycoses, biology.organism_classification, Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field, Molecular Typing, Blotting, Southern, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Infectious Diseases, Cats, Multilocus sequence typing, France, Multilocus Sequence Typing, Plasmids
Abstract: OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to characterize ESBL-producing Enterobacter cloacae isolated from animals and to compare their clonal distribution with that of human-related isolates. METHODS Among 635 clinical E. cloacae from horses, dogs and cats collected in France between 2010 and 2013, 36 were resistant to ceftiofur as determined by disc diffusion. ESBL genes were identified by sequencing. Plasmids carrying ESBL-encoding genes were characterized by PCR-based replicon typing, S1-PFGE and Southern blotting. IncHI2 plasmids were subtyped using the plasmid double-locus sequence typing scheme and multiplex amplification of the hipA, smr0092 and smr0183 genes. All E. cloacae were typed by PFGE and MLST. ST clustering was analysed by eBURST. RESULTS All 36 ceftiofur-resistant E. cloacae produced an ESBL. Their PFGE patterns formed 23 clusters of high similarity and 13 STs and were isolated from epidemiologically unrelated animals (14 horses, 11 dogs and 11 cats) distributed throughout France. ST114, the most prevalent clone in humans, was over-represented in animals (16/36) compared with other human-related clones detected here. The blaCTX-M-15 gene was dominant (66.7%) and mostly carried on IncHI2 plasmids (ST1 subtype). ST114 isolates always produced CTX-M-15. CONCLUSIONS Most ESBL-producing E. cloacae from animals studied here (69.4%) belonged to potentially high-risk clones in humans, in particular ST114 (44.4%). These data raise questions and potential concerns about the transfer of E. cloacae between animals and humans.
Published: 2016

35. L’acarien transporteur d’allergènes

Author: Sandrine Roussel, Gabriel Reboux, A. Naegele, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), and Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: [SDV.EE.SANT]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Immunology and Allergy, Forestry, 010501 environmental sciences, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Food preference, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDV.EE.SANT ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment/Health, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: Resume Les acariens et les moisissures cohabitent dans les logements. Ils sont les principaux allergenes impliques dans l’asthme allergique. Dans les silos a grains et les archives, les acariens transportent des spores et contaminent leurs environnements. Les acariens, par leurs choix alimentaires, selectionnent certaines especes. Sous l’action de spores, la liberation de la guanine et d’acides gras favorisent l’accouplement des acariens. La competition intervient egalement entre les acariens pour la colonisation de leur habitat. Les acariens presentent des tailles et des capacites de deplacement variables et certaines especes peuvent donc s’imposer au detriment d’autres. Les conditions de temperature jouent un grand role dans leur vitesse de deplacement et de reaction et, par consequent, sur leurs capacites de defense. D’autres facteurs comme le taux d’humidite, la disponibilite alimentaire, la presence de substances anti-acariens modifient les potentialites de chaque espece de prendre le controle de son habitat, notamment par l’augmentation ou l’affaissement de leur fecondite. La question de la modification de la composition en micro-organismes des logements induite par le transport des spores par les acariens se pose. La balance « propagation des spores/ingestion comme aliment » est probablement en faveur de la propagation, resultante d’une veritable symbiose entre acariens et moisissures.
Published: 2016

36. Biofilms of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum: Effect on stress responses, antagonistic effects on pathogen growth and immunomodulatory properties

Author: Jean Guzzo, Johanna Chluba, Aurélie Rieu, Nabil Aoudia, Romain Briandet, Julien Deschamps, Gaëtan Jego, Carmen Garrido, Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques (PAM), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé (MICALIS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer (LabEx LipSTIC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - UFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) (NUTox), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) (LNC), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon (ENSBANA), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc (CRLCC - CGFL), Ministère de l’Éducation National, de l'Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche, Université de Bourgogne, Conseil Régional de Bourgogne, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques (UM2)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-Université de Montpellier (UM)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut Gustave Roussy (IGR)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand (CHU Dijon)-Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer Georges-François Leclerc [Dijon] (UNICANCER/CRLCC-CGFL), UNICANCER-UNICANCER-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté] (EFS [Bourgogne-Franche-Comté])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques ( PAM ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement, MICrobiologie de l'ALImentation au Service de la Santé humaine ( MICALIS ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -AgroParisTech, Laboratoire d'Excellence : Lipoprotéines et Santé : prévention et Traitement des maladies Inflammatoires et du Cancer ( LabEx LipSTIC ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Institut Gustave Roussy ( IGR ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Dijon - Hôpital François Mitterrand ( CHU Dijon ) -Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Fédération Francophone de la Cancérologie Digestive, FFCD-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Etablissement français du sang [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ( EFS [Bourgogne-France-Comté] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Physiologie de la Nutrition et Toxicologie (NUTox) (U866, Lipides et nutrition, équipe 7) ( NUTox ), Lipides - Nutrition - Cancer (U866) ( LNC ), Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Biologie Appliquée à la Nutrition et à l'Alimentation de Dijon ( ENSBANA ), and Centre Régional de Lutte contre le cancer - Centre Georges-François Leclerc ( CRLCC - CGFL )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Probiotic bacteria, Resistance, Escherichia-coli, Zebrafish model, Probiotic, medicine.disease_cause, Monocytes, law.invention, In-vitro, law, Lactobacillus, Bile, Vibrio-cholerae, Zebrafish, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, biology, Salmonella enterica, food and beverages, Interleukin-10, Sulfonic-acid, Lactobacillus fermentum, 030106 microbiology, Lactic-acid bacteria, Microbiology, Immunomodulation, 03 medical and health sciences, Antibiosis, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas-aeruginosa biofilms, medicine, Animals, Humans, Immunomodulatory effects, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Probiotics, Bile-salt hydrolase, Communities, Biofilm, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, biology.organism_classification, Immunity, Innate, Culture Media, Lactobacillus biofilms, Mucus, 030104 developmental biology, Biofilms, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Lactobacillus plantarum, Food Science
Abstract: IF 3.682; International audience; Few studies have extensively investigated probiotic functions associated with biofilms. Here, we show that strains of Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus fermentum are able to grow as biofilm on abiotic surfaces, but the biomass density differs between strains. We performed microtiter plate biofilm assays under growth conditions mimicking to the gastrointestinal environment. Osmolarity and low concentrations of bile significantly enhanced Lactobacillus spatial organization. Two L. plantarum strains were able to form biofilms under high concentrations of bile and mucus. We used the agar well-diffusion method to show that supernatants from all Lactobacillus except the NA4 isolate produced food pathogen inhibitory molecules in biofilm. Moreover, TNF-alpha production by LPS-activated human monocytoid cells was suppressed by supernatants from Lactobacillus cultivated as biofilms but not by planktonic culture supernatants. However, only L. fermentum NA4 showed anti-inflammatory effects in zebrafish embryos fed with probiotic bacteria, as assessed by cytokine transcript level (TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-10). We conclude that the biofilm mode of life is associated with beneficial probiotic properties of lactobacilli, in a strain dependent manner. Those results suggest that characterization of isolate phenotype in the biofilm state could be additional valuable information for the selection of probiotic strains.
Published: 2016

37. 7000-year human legacy of elevation-dependent European fire regimes

Author: Tim Brücher, Damien Rius, Thomas Hickler, Elise Doyen, Bérangère Leys, Boris Vannière, Jörgen Olofsson, Daniele Colombaroli, Angelica Feurdean, Charly Massa, Olivier Blarquez, Petra Kaltenrieder, Carsten Lemmen, Simon Connor, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre de Bio-Archéologie et d'Ecologie ( CBAE ), Université Montpellier 2 - Sciences et Techniques ( UM2 ) -École pratique des hautes études ( EPHE ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Paleoecology, University of Bern, Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystems Analysis [Lund], Lund University [Lund], ICG-1, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Department of Physical Geography and Ecosystem Science [Lund], Centre for Materials and Coastal Research [Geesthacht], and Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht (GKSS)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, Archeology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Land management, Climate change, 01 natural sciences, [ SDE ] Environmental Sciences, [ SDU.ENVI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Charcoal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Global and Planetary Change, Biomass (ecology), Land use, Fire regime, Geology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, visual_art, Climatology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Environmental science, [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: Highlights: • 18 southern European charcoal records document 16,000 years of fire regime changes. • Since the Neolithic, land uses have artificially maintained high fire frequencies. • Human-induced decreases in forest cover led to a reduction in the biomass burned. • Human-modified landscapes affected ecological processes more meaningly than expected. Abstract: Variability in fire regime at the continental scale has primarily been attributed to climate change, often overshadowing the widely potential impact of human activities. However, human ignition modifies the rhythm of fire episodes occurrence (fire frequency), whereas land use alters vegetation composition and fuel load, and thus the amount of biomass burned. It is unclear, however, whether and how humans have exercised a significant influence over fire regimes at continental and millennial scales. Based on sedimentary charcoal records, we use new alternative estimate of fire frequency and biomass burned for the last 16000 years (here after 16 ky) that we evaluate with outputs from climate, vegetation, land use and population models. We find that pronounced regional-scale land use changes in southern Europe at the beginning of the Neolithic (8–6 ky), during the Bronze Age (5–4 ky) and the medieval period (1 ky) caused a doubling of fire frequency compared to the Holocene average (the last 11.5 ky). Despite anthropogenic influences, southern European biomass burned decreased from 7 ky, which is in line both with changes in orbital parameters leading climate cooling and also reductions in biomass availability because of land use. Our study underscores the role of elevation-dependent parameters, and particularly biomass and land management, as major drivers of fire regime variability. Results attest a determinant anthropogenic driving-force on fire regime and a decrease in fire-carbon emissions since 7 ky in Southern Europe.
Published: 2016

38. Chemical mass transfer in shear zones and metacarbonate xenoliths: a comparison of four mass balance approaches

Author: Emilien Oliot, Didier Marquer, Cyril Durand, Jean-Pierre Sizun, Laboratoire Génie Civil et géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - EA 4515 ( LGCgE ), Université d'Artois ( UA ) -Université de Lille-IMT Lille Douai, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai ( IMT Lille Douai ) -Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai ( IMT Lille Douai ), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dylbas, Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg ( IPGS ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire de Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement (LGCgE) - ULR 4515 (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA)-Université de Lille-Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai (IMT Lille Douai), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-JUNIA (JUNIA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université des Antilles (UA), Dynamique de la lithosphère et des bassins sédimentaires (IPGS) (IPGS-Dylbas), Institut de physique du globe de Strasbourg (IPGS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université catholique de Lille (UCL)-Université catholique de Lille (UCL), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université des Antilles (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Field (physics), Quérigut Massif, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Mineralogy, Soil science, mass balance calculation, Chemical element, Geochemistry and Petrology, Mass transfer, exoskarn, Xenolith, Metasomatism, [ SDU.STU.MI ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, [ SDU.STU.PE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Balance (metaphysics), metasomatism, Aar Massif, ductile shear zone, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [ SDU.STU.TE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, Volume (thermodynamics), chemical mass transfer, Shear zone, Geology, [SDU.STU.MI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Mineralogy
Abstract: International audience; Mass balance calculations have been performed through a comparison of published graphical and statistical approaches applied to two contrasted geological settings: (i) the development of a greenschist-facies ductile shear-zone that recorded a weak volume change but significant mass transfers, and (ii) the formation of exoskarns in metacarbonate xenoliths that recorded a large volume decrease related to huge mass transfers. The comparison of the four mass-balance approaches shows that, if uncertainties are ignored, (1) they yield similar results concerning the mobile vs immobile behaviour of many components; (2) they yield similar mass-change values on bulk rock and on individual chemical elements (bulk-rock mass-change values differ by a maximum of ca. 15 % between graphical and statistical treatments of the metacarbonate xenolith evolution). The main difference concerns the uncertainties on mass changes (for bulk rocks and individual elements), which are much larger with the graphical than with the statistical approaches when uncertainties on chemical elements are taken into account, as they should be.The main advantage of the graphical methods is their rapid implementation and the clarity of the diagrams. Their main disadvantages are that uncertainties on each chemical element and bulk compositions are not taken into account and the difficulty in choosing an accurate immobility field to precisely define errors. Graphical methods need to be completed by a statistical treatment that gives absolute mass transfer results. The statistical approaches have the advantage of taking into account the chemical heterogeneities of the compared populations, in conjunction to a precise data treatment. The statistical treatment is an important and necessary step to decipher and to be pertinent in interpreting mobility/immobility of chemical elements, and, thus, in the absolute quantification of mass and volume changes.
Published: 2015

39. Changements environnementaux du Tardiglaciaire à l’Holocène moyen dans le Velay oriental : la séquence sédimentaire de la Narce du Béage en Ardèche (Massif Central, France)

Author: Gwénolé Jouannic, Jean Nicolas Haas, Hervé Cubizolle, André-Marie Dendievel, Frédéric Gallice, Vincent Gaertner, Benjamin Dietre, Environnement Ville Société ( EVS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Lumière - Lyon 2 ( UL2 ) -Université Jean Moulin - Lyon III-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État ( ENTPE ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Saint-Etienne-École nationale supérieure d'architecture de Lyon ( ENSAL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Research Group Palynology and Archaeobotany, University of Innsbruck, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Groupement de Recherche Eau, Sol, Environnement ( GRESE ), and Université de Limoges ( UNILIM )
Subjects: Holocene, sedimentology, Paléoenvironnements, Palaeoenvironments, Geology, Tardiglaciaire, haute Ardèche, Upper Ardèche, Mézenc mountain range, [ SDU.STU.ST ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Stratigraphy, Massif central oriental, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Late Glacial, Eastern Massif Central, sédimentologie, Humanities, Holocène, massif du Mézenc, Earth-Surface Processes
Abstract: International audience; The renewed interest in the volcanic uplands of the Eastern Velay region (Massif Central, France) has led to the discovery of a new sedimentary sequence from the La Narce du Béage peatland, in Ardèche. Several cores were carried out to produce a high resolution interdisciplinary study. This paper deals with the sedimentological data (lithology, organic matter content, grain size, magnetic susceptibility) obtained on core D (357 cm long), extracted near the outlet of the peatland. A set of ten AMS radiocarbon dates supports these results. This study is a first step in order to reconstruct the evolution of the local environmental changes since the Upper Pleniglacial / Late Glacial transition. The sedimentary record shows a gradual silting of a Late Glacial lake (starting after 18,000 yr. cal. BP) and a gradual increase of organic matter content after 14,600 yr. cal BP. The peat initiation took place during the Early Holocene, after 10,800 yr. cal. BP. The study highlights major Late Glacial and Early Holocene bioclimatic changes at local and regional scales. These changes are characterized by high variations of the accumulation rate of anorganic sediments (TANO): during the Oldest Dryas, after the Bølling/Allerød transition and during the Younger Dryas. During the Preboreal and the Boreal, four main episodes of minerogenic accumulation are dated to (1) 11,200 - 10,800 cal. yr. BP, (2) 10,400 - 10,300 cal. yr. BP, (3) 9,900 - 9,150 cal. yr. BP and (4) 9,000 - 8,200 cal. yr. BP. The major TANO peak of the last episode (4), younger than 8,650 - 8,400 cal. yr. BP, could match with the 8,200 cal. yr BP climatic event. Since the mid-Holocene, at the end of the Early Atlantic period (i.e. during the Neolithic Period), a slower peat and sediment accumulation occurred. Therefore, only local changes in the environment are evidenced in connection with changes in the vegetation cover, eventually from climatic and/or anthropogenic origin. Finally, increasing anthropogenic pressure during the last centuries (xixth and xxth centuries) disrupted the sedimentation processes, therefore not allowing a clear understanding of environmental changes during the Late Holocene.; L’intérêt renouvelé porté aux hauts plateaux volcaniques du Velay oriental (Massif central, France) a permis de mettre en évidence une nouvelle séquence sédimentaire issue de la tourbière de La Narce du Béage, en Ardèche. Plusieurs carottages ont été menés afin de réaliser une étude pluridisciplinaire à haute résolution. Cet article présente les données sédimentologiques (lithologie, estimation du taux de matière organique, granulométrie, susceptibilité magnétique) obtenues sur la séquence D (357 cm de profondeur), extraite près de l’exutoire de la zone humide. Ces résultats s’appuient sur une série de dix datations radiocarbone AMS. Cette étude constitue une première étape du travail de reconstitution de l’évolution de l’environnement local depuis la charnière Pléniglaciaire supérieur / Tardiglaciaire. L’enregistrement sédimentaire montre un atterrissement progressif de l’étendue lacustre datant du Tardiglaciaire (après 18 000 ans cal. BP) et l’augmentation graduelle de la teneur en matière organique dès 14 700 ans cal. BP. Le développement d’une tourbière a lieu au cours de l’Holocène ancien, à partir de 10 800 ans cal. BP. Les analyses mettent en évidence les changements bioclimatiques majeurs du Tardiglaciaire et de l’Holocène ancien aux échelles locale et régionale. Ces évènements sont marqués par un rythme élevé du taux d’accumulation des sédiments non-organiques (TANO) : au cours du Dryas ancien, à partir de la transition Bølling/Allerød et du Dryas récent. Au cours du Préboréal et du Boréal, quatre principaux épisodes d’accumulation minérale sont situés entre (1) 11 200 - 10 800 ans cal. BP, (2) 10 400 - 10 300 ans cal. BP, (3) 9 900 - 9 150 ans cal. BP et (4) 9 000 - 8 200 ans cal. BP. Le pic majeur de TANO du dernier épisode (4), daté postérieurement à 8 650 - 8 400 ans cal. BP, pourrait correspondre à l’évènement climatique de 8 200 ans cal. BP. A partir de l’Holocène moyen, à la fin de l’Atlantique ancien (au cours du Néolithique), se produit un ralentissement de la turfigenèse et de l’accumulation des sédiments. Dès lors, seules des évolutions locales de l’environnement, en relation avec l’évolution du couvert végétal d’origine climatique et/ou anthropique, sont retranscrites. Enfin, les perturbations liées à l’accroissement récent de la pression anthropique sur la zone humide (xixe et xxe siècles) ne permettent plus de saisir distinctement les changements environnementaux au cours de l’Holocène récent.
Published: 2015

40. Short-term response to waterlogging in Quercus petraea and Quercus robur: A study of the root hydraulic responses and the transcriptional pattern of aquaporins

Author: Julien Parelle, Claire Parent, Fabienne Tatin-Froux, Nicolas Capelli, Claire Rasheed-Depardieu, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Conseil Regional de Franche-Comte
Subjects: Stomatal conductance, Time Factors, Transcription, Genetic, Physiology, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Aquaporin, Plant Science, Aquaporins, Plant Roots, Quercus robur, Quercus, Hydraulic conductivity, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Botany, Genetics, Hypoxia, Quercus robur (pedunculate oak), Plant Proteins, Quercus petraea (sessile oak), Water transport, biology, Water, Water channel, biology.organism_classification, Oxygen, Plant Leaves, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Shoot, Quercus petraea, Stress conditions, Root hydraulic conductivity, Plant Shoots
Abstract: International audience; We characterized the short-term response to waterlogging in Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. and Quercus robur L. as the initial response towards their known long-term differences in tolerance to waterlogging. One-month old seedlings were subjected to hypoxic stress and leaf gas exchange, shoot water potential (Psi(s)) and root hydraulic conductivity (Lp(r)) were measured. In parallel, the expression of nine aquaporins (AQPs) along the primary root was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed a similar reduction in net assimilation (A) and stomatal conductance (g(s)) for the two species. Notably, the response of Lpr differed temporally between the two species. Q. robur seedlings exhibited a significant early decline of Lpr within the first 5 h that returned to control levels after 48 h, whereas Q. petraea seedlings showed a delayed response with a significant decrease of Lp(r) exhibited only after 48 h. Transcriptional profiling revealed that three genes (PIP1;3, TIP2;1 and TIP2;2) were differentially regulated under stress conditions in the two oak species. Taken together, these results suggested species-specific responses to short-term waterlogging in terms of root water transport.
Published: 2015

41. Blood parameters as biomarkers of cadmium and lead exposure and effects in wild wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus) living along a pollution gradient

Author: Eve Afonso, Ghada Bouguerra, Renaud Scheifler, Nicolas Tête, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux (MSHE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Conseil Régional de Franche-Comté and the ADEME (Agence De l’Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l’Energie), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Maison des Sciences de l'Homme et de l'Environnement Claude Nicolas Ledoux ( MSHE ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC )
Subjects: risk to wildlife, Male, Aging, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, [ SDV.TOX.ECO ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, Physiology, Hematocrit, Kidney, Toxicology, Mice, Soil Pollutants, Tissue Distribution, Trace metal, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Cadmium, Hematology, medicine.diagnostic_test, hematology, General Medicine, trace metal, Pollution, Zinc, Liver, Apodemus, Female, [SDV.TOX.ECO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Toxicology/Ecotoxicology, France, nonlethal approach, Environmental Monitoring, medicine.medical_specialty, Environmental Engineering, Anemia, chemistry.chemical_element, Biology, Sex Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Animals, Environmental Chemistry, Ecotoxicology, persistent pollution, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Oxygen transport, General Chemistry, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Trace Elements, Lead, chemistry, 13. Climate action, Murinae, Biomarkers
Abstract: International audience; Small mammal populations living on contaminated sites are exposed to various chemicals. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd), two well-known nonessential trace metals, accumulate in different organs and are known to cause multiple adverse effects. To develop nonlethal markers in ecotoxicology, the present work aimed to study the relationships between blood parameters (hematocrit, leukocyte levels and granulated erythrocyte levels) and Cd and Pb concentrations in the soil and in the liver and kidneys of wood mice (Apodemus sylvaticus). Individuals were trapped along a pollution gradient with high levels of Cd, Pb and zinc (Zn) contamination. The results indicated that hematological parameters were independent of individual characteristics (age and gender). Blood parameters varied along the pollution gradient, following a pattern similar to the accumulation of Cd in the organs of the wood mice. No relationship was found between the blood parameters studied and Pb concentrations in the organs or in the environment. The hematocrit and leukocyte number decreased with increasing concentrations of Cd in the kidneys and/or in the liver. Moreover, the hematocrit was lower in the animals that were above the thresholds (LOAELs) for Cd concentrations in the liver. These responses were interpreted as a warning of potential negative effects of Cd exposure on the oxygen transport capacity of the blood (e.g., anemia). The present results suggest that blood parameters, notably hematocrit, may offer a minimally invasive biomarker for the evaluation of Cd exposure in further ecotoxicological studies.
Published: 2015

42. Discovery of metamorphic microdiamonds from the parautochthonous units of the Variscan French Massif Central

Author: M. Dubois, Vincent Thiery, Patrick Rolin, Marie-Camille Caumon, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement [Béthune] ( LGCgE ), Université d'Artois ( UA ), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques ( CREGU ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement [Béthune] (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Ultrahigh pressure metamorphism, Metamorphic rock, Stack (geology), Geochemistry, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Metamorphism, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Massif, Nappe, Diamond, French Massif Central, Variscan belt, Gneiss, Terrane
Abstract: International audience; The Variscan French Massif Central (FMC) is classically described as a stack of nappes with increasing metamorphism from the bottom (parautochthonous unit) to the top (lower and upper gneiss units). Ultra-high pressure (UHP) metamorphism was already recognized in the uppermost units, with notably coesite-bearing rocks. We report the first finding of metamorphic microdiamonds in the parautochthonous unit, revealing that the UHP event affected the whole stack of nappes and also that the pressures reached are above what was previously expected, since the presence of diamond, according to the peak temperature estimates for this unit, indicates pressures of ca. 3 GPa (i.e. 100 km depth). At the scale of the FMC, this finding adds complexity to the established models. On a broader scale, this adds evidence of similarity between this part of the belt and other UHP Variscan terranes such as the Erzgebirge and the Bohemian Massif.
Published: 2015

43. Influenza prevention in nursing homes: Great significance of seasonal variability and spatio-temporal pattern

Author: Françoise Stoll-Keller, Sabrina Larocca, Anne Mosnier, Xavier Bertrand, Philippe Gaspard, C. Roth, University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] ( U of S ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), University of Saskatchewan [Saskatoon] (U of S), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)
Subjects: Male, Gerontology, MESH : Aged, Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Aged, 80 and over, 0302 clinical medicine, [ SDV.MP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Health care, MESH : Population Surveillance, Homes for the Aged, Medicine, MESH : Female, MESH : Influenza, Human, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH: Disease Outbreaks, Aged, 80 and over, MESH: Aged, 0303 health sciences, Respiratory tract infections, MESH: Influenza, Human, General Medicine, 3. Good health, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, Population Surveillance, Female, Seasons, MESH : Male, Gerontological nursing, Influenza epidemics, MESH: Population Surveillance, 03 medical and health sciences, Environmental health, Influenza, Human, Influenza prevention, Humans, MESH : Disease Outbreaks, MESH: Homes for the Aged, MESH : Aged, 80 and over, Aged, MESH : Homes for the Aged, MESH: Humans, MESH : Seasons, 030306 microbiology, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Outbreak, MESH: Male, Nursing Homes, MESH: Nursing Homes, Clinical case, business, Nursing homes, MESH: Seasons, MESH: Female, human activities, MESH : Nursing Homes
Abstract: Summary Objective This work evaluated seasonal variations and spatio-temporal pattern of respiratory tract infections (RTI) in geriatric nursing homes in order to improve effective surveillance, prevention, control and management of RTI. Methods Prospective surveillance of RTI (Low Respiratory Tract infections and Influenza Like Illnesses) was conducted in 11 sites in Alsace over a 10-year period with clinical case definitions and rapid tests (Immunoassay) to identify influenza virus. Results Influenza national epidemic was a period at high risk of RTI in nursing homes with variable impacts depending on the seasonal period. 2004–2005, 2008–2009, 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 were the periods with the highest impacts. The higher risk was not well understood during these four influenza epidemics and outbreaks occurred in numerous nursing homes despite the alerts and surveillance. Conclusion Information about seasonal variability and spatio-temporal patterns of the RTI during the national epidemic periods is essential for the nursing homes in order to help the health care workers and the visitors to understand the risk for the residents and then to improve the implementation of the control and prevention measures.
Published: 2015

44. Reply to J. Berger's comment on the article 'Discovery of metamorphic microdiamonds from the parautochthonous units of the Variscan French Massif' by Thiéry, V. et al.,. (2015), Gondwana Research 28, 954–960

Author: Philippe Goncalves, M. Dubois, Vincent Thiery, Patrick Rolin, Marie-Camille Caumon, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement [Béthune] (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA), GeoRessources, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques (CREGU)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement [Béthune] ( LGCgE ), Université d'Artois ( UA ), and Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre de recherches sur la géologie des matières premières minérales et énergétiques ( CREGU ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metamorphic rock, [SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, [ SDU.STU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences, Geology, Massif, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Paleontology, Gondwana, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: International audience
Published: 2016

45. Serial use of pentamidine and miltefosine for treating Leishmania infantum-HIV coinfection

Author: Bruno Hoen, Catherine Chirouze, Jean-François Faucher, Jacques Reynes, Vincent Le Moing, David Morquin, Université de Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Département Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital Universitaire, Montpellier, France, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Service des maladies infectieuses et tropicales, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane (CIC - Antilles Guyane), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses endémiques er émergentes (TransVIHMI), Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université de Yaoundé I-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Université Montpellier 1 (UM1), Université de Picardie Jules Verne ( UPJV ), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier ( CHU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] ( CHRU Montpellier ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ) -Hôpital Saint-Jacques, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Besançon] ( CHRU Besançon ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique Antilles-Guyane ( CIC - Antilles Guyane ), Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -CHU Pointe-à-Pitre/Abymes [Guadeloupe] -CHU de Fort de France-Centre Hospitalier Andrée Rosemon [Cayenne, Guyane Française], Recherches Translationnelles sur le VIH et les maladies infectieuses ( TransVIHMI ), and Université Montpellier 1 ( UM1 ) -Université Cheikh Anta Diop ( UCAD ) -Universtié Yaoundé 1 (Cameroun)-Université de Montpellier ( UM )
Subjects: 0301 basic medicine, MESH : Leishmania infantum, HIV Infections, MESH : Phosphorylcholine, 0302 clinical medicine, MESH: Immunocompromised Host, Medicine, Leishmania infantum, Visceral leishmaniasis, biology, Coinfection, MESH : Immunocompromised Host, MESH: HIV Infections, MESH : Leishmaniasis, Visceral, MESH: Leishmania infantum, 3. Good health, Infectious Diseases, MESH: Phosphorylcholine, Toxicity, MESH: Pentamidine, Leishmaniasis, Visceral, MESH : Pentamidine, Liposomal amphotericin, medicine.drug, Phosphorylcholine, 030231 tropical medicine, 030106 microbiology, Antiprotozoal Agents, Liposomal amphotericin B, Immunocompromised Host, Aids, 03 medical and health sciences, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), [ SDV.MHEP ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, parasitic diseases, MESH : HIV Infections, Humans, MESH: Antiprotozoal Agents, Pentamidine, MESH : Antiprotozoal Agents, HIV Coinfection, Miltefosine, MESH: Humans, business.industry, MESH : Humans, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Virology, MESH: Coinfection, MESH : Coinfection, MESH: Leishmaniasis, Visceral, Immunology, Parasitology, business, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract: International audience; Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmb) may fail to heal Leishmania infantum visceral leishmaniasis (VL) in the immunodeficient host. There are currently no guidelines on how to treat such patients and efficacy of miltefosine monotherapy seems limited in this indication. We present 2 cases of patients with VL and AIDS for which LAmb had to be interrupted (one because of toxicity, one because of treatment failure) and who were treated effectively with pentamidine followed by miltefosine.
Published: 2016

46. Pollen-based reconstruction of Holocene vegetation and climate in southern Italy: the case of Lago Trifoglietti

Author: Sébastien Joannin, Boris Vannière, Odile Peyron, Elisabetha Brugiapaglia, Michel Magny, Liliana Bernardo, Simon Goring, J.-L. de Beaulieu, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi del Molise, Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale (IMBE), Avignon Université (AU)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] (Unical), Dpt of Geography, University of Wisconsin-Madison, ANR-07-BLAN-0009,LAMA,Holocene changes in environment and climate, and history of human societies in Central Mediterranean as reflected by LAke and MArine records(2007), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut méditerranéen de biodiversité et d'écologie marine et continentale ( IMBE ), Université d'Avignon et des Pays de Vaucluse ( UAPV ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UMR237-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Università della Calabria [Arcavacata di Rende] ( Unical ), University of Wisconsin-Madison [Madison], ANR-07-BLAN-0009,LAMA,Holocene changes in environment and climate, and history of human societies in Central Mediterranean as reflected by LAke and MArine records ( 2007 ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Università degli Studi del Molise = University of Molise (UNIMOL)
Subjects: 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Stratigraphy, lcsh:Environmental protection, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Climate change, medicine.disease_cause, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, pollen, palaeoclimatic reconstruction, holocene vegetation, Altitude, lcsh:Environmental pollution, law, Pollen, medicine, lcsh:TD169-171.8, Radiocarbon dating, Holocene, lcsh:Environmental sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, Paleontology, Vegetation, 15. Life on land, [ SDE.MCG ] Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, Boreal, 13. Climate action, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Climatology, lcsh:TD172-193.5, [ SDU.STU.CL ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, Geology, Chronology
Abstract: A high-resolution pollen record from Lago Trifoglietti in Calabria (southern Italy) provides new insights into the paleoenvironmental and palaeoclimatic changes which characterise the Holocene period in the southern Italy. The chronology is based on 11 AMS radiocarbon dates from terrestrial organic material. The Holocene history of the vegetation cover shows the persistence of an important and relatively stable Fagus forest present over that entire period, offering a rare example of a beech woodstand able to withstand climate changes for more than 11 000 yr. Probably in relation with early Holocene dry climate conditions which affected southern Italy, the Trifoglietti pollen record supports a southward delay in thermophyllous forest expansion dated to ca. 13 500 cal BP at Monticchio, ca. 11 000 cal BP at Trifoglietti, and finally ca. 9800 cal BP in Sicily. Regarding the human impact history, the Trifoglietti pollen record shows only poor imprints of agricultural activities and anthopogenic indicators, apart from those indicating pastoralism activities beneath forest cover. The selective exploitation of Abies appears to have been the strongest human impact on the Trifoglietti surroundings. On the basis of (1) a specific ratio between hygrophilous and terrestrial taxa, and (2) the Modern Analogue Technique, the pollen data collected at Lago Trifoglietti led to the establishment of two palaeoclimatic records tracing changes in (1) lake depth and (2) annual precipitation. On a millennial scale, these records give evidence of increasing moisture from ca. 11 000 to ca. 9400 cal BP and maximum humidity from ca. 9400 to ca. 6200 cal BP, prior to a general trend towards the drier climate conditions that have prevailed up to the present. In addition, several successive centennial-scale oscillations appear to have punctuated the entire Holocene. The identification of a cold dry event around 11 300 cal BP, responsible for a marked decline in timberline altitude and possibly equivalent to the PBO, remains to be confirmed by further investigations verifying both chronology and magnitude. Two cold and possibly drier Boreal oscillations developed at ca. 9800 and 9200 cal BP. At Trifoglietti, the 8.2 kyr event corresponds to the onset of cooler and drier climatic conditions which persisted until ca. 7500 cal BP. Finally, the second half of the Holocene was characterised by dry phases at ca. 6100–5200, 4400–3500, and 2500–1800 cal BP, alternating with more humid phases at ca. 5200–4400 and ca. 3500–2500 cal BP. Considered as a whole, these millennial-scale trends and centennial-scale climatic oscillations support contrasting patterns of palaeohydrological changes recognised between the north- and south-central Mediterranean.
Published: 2018

47. Paleohydrology reconstruction and Holocene climate variability in the South Adriatic Sea

Author: Michel Fontugne, Martine Paterne, Michel Magny, Maxime Debret, Giuseppe Siani, Géosciences Paris Sud ( GEOPS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] ( LSCE ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière ( M2C ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Rouen Normandie ( UNIROUEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ), Géosciences Paris Sud (GEOPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Géochrononologie Traceurs Archéométrie (GEOTRAC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Morphodynamique Continentale et Côtière (M2C), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rouen Normandie (UNIROUEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Mediterranean climate, 010506 paleontology, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:Environmental protection, Stratigraphy, 01 natural sciences, Panoply, Isotopes of oxygen, Foraminifera, lcsh:Environmental pollution, lcsh:TD169-171.8, 14. Life underwater, Tephra, lcsh:Environmental sciences, Holocene, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, lcsh:GE1-350, Global and Planetary Change, biology, Paleontology, Sapropel, biology.organism_classification, Salinity, Oceanography, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], 13. Climate action, Benthic zone, lcsh:TD172-193.5, Geology, [ SDU ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]
Abstract: Holocene paleohydrology reconstruction was derived combining planktic and benthic stable oxygen and carbon isotopes, sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and oxygen isotope composition of seawater (δ18Ow) from a high sedimentation core collected in the south Adriatic sea (SAS). Chronology of core is based on 10 AMS 14C measures on planktic foraminifera and tephra markers. Results reveal two contrasted paleohydrological periods that reflect (i) a marked lowering of δ 18Ow/salinity during the early to middle Holocene (11.5 ka to 6.3 ka), including the two-steps sapropel S1 deposition, followed during the middle to upper Holocene by (ii) a prevailed period of increased salinity and enhanced arid conditions in the south Adriatic basin. Superimposed on these trends, short-term centennial-scale hydrological events punctuated the Holocene period in the SAS. During the Early to Middle Holocene, a short-term SST cooling together with a prominent δ 18Ow/salinity lowering, more pronounced than during the sapropel S1 phase, delineates the sapropel S1 interruption. This short interval, coeval to the 8.2 ka event, is also distinguished by a resumption of deep-water convection in the SAS as indicated by stable isotope reconstruction on benthic forminifera. After 6 ka, centennial-scale δ18Ow and G. bulloides δ13C lowering, mostly centered between 3 to 0.6 ka, reflect short term hydrological changes related to a more intensive Po river runoff. These short-term events, even of lesser amplitude compared to the early to middle Holocene period, may have induced a lowering of sea surface density and consequently reduced and/or inhibited the formation of deep bottom waters in the SAS. Comparison of the emerging centennial to millennial-scale hydrological record with previous climatic records from the central Mediterranean area and north of the Alps revealed possible synchronicities (within the radiocarbon-dating uncertainty) between phases of lower salinity in SAS and periods of wetter climatic conditions around the north-central Adriatic Sea. Finally, wavelet analyses provide new clues about the potential origin of climate variability in the SAS confirming the evidence for a mid-Holocene transition in the Central Mediterranean climate and the dominance of a ~ 1700 yr periodicity after 6 ka that reflects a plausible connection with the North Atlantic climate system.
Published: 2018

48. Ethnic gaps in educational attainment and labor-market outcomes : evidence from France

Author: Gabin Langevin, Emmanuel Peterle, David Masclet, Fabien Moizeau, Centre de recherche en économie et management (CREM), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en économie et management ( CREM ), Université de Caen Normandie ( UNICAEN ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ) -Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations ( CIRANO ), Université du Québec à Montréal ( UQAM ), Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques - UFC ( CRESE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), ANR-12-INEG-0002,Strat_Ineq,Interactions Sociales,Stratification et Inégalités ( 2012 ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Centre interuniversitaire de recherche en analyse des organisations (CIRANO), Université du Québec à Montréal = University of Québec in Montréal (UQAM), Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques (EA 3190) (CRESE), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), ANR-12-INEG-0002,Strat_Ineq,Interactions Sociales,Stratification et Inégalités(2012), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-Université de Rennes (UR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre de REcherches sur les Stratégies Economiques (UR 3190) (CRESE)
Subjects: Economics and Econometrics, decomposition methods, Inequality, media_common.quotation_subject, Immigration, Ethnic group, Segmented assimilation, Education, 0502 economics and business, Development economics, [ SHS.ECO ] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economies and finances, Statistical analysis, Sociology, 050207 economics, second-generation immigrants, 10. No inequality, Citizenship, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 050205 econometrics, media_common, 4. Education, Family characteristics, 05 social sciences, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Educational attainment, family background, Labor-market discrimination, educational attainment, 8. Economic growth, Demographic economics
Abstract: International audience; We use data from the Trajectoires et Origines survey to analyze ethnic gaps in education and labor-market outcomes between second-generation immigrants and their French-native counterparts. Our three main findings underscore the importance of family background in explaining lifelong ethnic inequalities. First, second-generation immigrants are on average less likely to experience education success than their native counterparts, with the education gap mainly being rooted in ethnic differences in family backgrounds. Second, while second-generation immigrants have on average a lower probability of employment and lower wages than natives, both gaps are mainly explained by the differences in education. Third, we find considerable heterogeneity across ethnic groups.
Published: 2018

49. Trench-parallel spreading ridge subduction and its consequences for the geological evolution of the overriding plate: Insights from analogue models and comparison with the Neogene subduction beneath Patagonia

Author: Joseph Martinod, Benjamin Guillaume, Christian Sue, Matías C. Ghiglione, Jean-Jacques Kermarrec, Méline Salze, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTerre), Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux (IFSTTAR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber' (INDEAN), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas [Buenos Aires] (CONICET)-Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales [Buenos Aires] (FCEyN), Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA)-Universidad de Buenos Aires [Buenos Aires] (UBA), INSU-CNRS, A15-U02, ECOS-Sud, University of Bourgogne–Franche-Comté, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences de la Terre ( ISTerre ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut Français des Sciences et Technologies des Transports, de l'Aménagement et des Réseaux ( IFSTTAR ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Institut de recherche pour le développement [IRD] : UR219-PRES Université de Grenoble-Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Géosciences Rennes ( GR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes ( OSUR ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), INDEAN - Instituto de Estudios Andinos 'Don Pablo Groeber', Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Lithosphere, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, Geociencias multidisciplinaria, 01 natural sciences, Ciencias de la Tierra y relacionadas con el Medio Ambiente, SUBDUCTION, Analogue modeling, Asthenosphere, Patagonia, Oceanic ridge, Southernmost Andes, ANALOGUE MODELING, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Earth-Surface Processes, [SDU.STU.TE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, geography, SLAB PULL FORCE, geography.geographical_feature_category, Volcanic arc, Subduction, Mid-ocean ridge, [ SDU.STU.TE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Tectonics, LITHOSPHERE, PATAGONIA, Geophysics, Ridge, Trench, Slab, SOUTHERNMOST ANDES, Slab pull force, OCEANIC RIDGE, Geology, Seismology, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS
Abstract: A series of 3-D asthenospheric-scale analogue models have been conducted in the laboratory in order to simulate the arrival of a spreading ridge at the trench and understand its effect on plate kinematics, slab geometry, and on the deformation of the overriding plate. These models are made of a two-layered linearly viscous system simulating the lithosphere and asthenosphere. We reproduce the progressive decrease in thickness of the oceanic lithosphere at the trench. We measure plate kinematics, slab geometry and upper plate deformation. Our experiments reveal that the subduction of a thinning plate beneath a freely moving overriding continent favors a decrease of the subduction velocity and an increase of the oceanic slab dip. When the upper plate motion is imposed by lateral boundary conditions, the evolution of the subducting plate geometry largely differs depending on the velocity of the overriding plate: the larger its trenchward velocity, the smaller the superficial dip of the oceanic slab. A slab flattening episode may occur resulting from the combined effect of the subduction of an increasingly thinner plate and the trenchward motion of a fast overriding plate. Slab flattening would be marked by an increase of the distance between the trench and the volcanic arc in nature. This phenomenon may explain the reported Neogene eastward motion of the volcanic arc in the Southern Patagonia that occurred prior to the subduction of the Chile Ridge. Fil: Salze, Méline. Universite de Bourgogne; Francia Fil: Martinod, Joseph. Université de Savoie Mont Blanc; Francia Fil: Guillaume, Benjamin. Universite de Rennes I; Francia Fil: Kermarrec, Jean Jacques. Universite de Rennes I; Francia Fil: Ghiglione, Matias. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber". Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; Argentina Fil: Sue, Christian. Universite de Bourgogne; Francia
Published: 2018

50. Formation of chlorite during thrust fault reactivation. Record of fluid origin and P-T conditions in the Monte Perdido thrust fault (southern Pyrenees)

Author: Torsten Vennemann, Thierry Adatte, M. Dubois, Pierre Labaume, Delphine Charpentier, Martine Buatier, Anna Travé, Brice Lacroix, Laboratoire Chrono-environnement - CNRS - UBFC (UMR 6249) (LCE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Institut de Minéralogie et Géochimie [Lausanne], Université de Lausanne (UNIL), Géosciences Montpellier, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane (UAG)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Departament de Geodinàmica i Geofísica [Barcelona], Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Processus et bilan des domaines sédimentaires (PBDS), Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Chrono-environnement ( LCE ), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté ( UBFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ), Institut de Minéralogie et Géochimie, Université de Lausanne, Université du Québec, Université des Antilles et de la Guyane ( UAG ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Université de Montpellier ( UM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Departament de Geoquímica, Petrologia i Prospecció Geològica, Universitat de Barcelona, Processus et bilan des domaines sédimentaires ( PBDS ), and Université de Lille, Sciences et Technologies-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: hermometer, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Metamorphic rock, [SDU.STU.PE]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, Geochemistry, engineering.material, Fault (geology), 010502 geochemistry & geophysics, 01 natural sciences, Veins, chemistry.chemical_compound, Geochemistry and Petrology, Thrust fault, Chlorite, [ SDU.STU.PE ] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Petrography, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, P-T conditions, Authigenic, Stable isotope, Clay minerals, Geophysics, chemistry, Shear (geology), Illite, engineering, Sedimentary rock, Geology
Abstract: The chemical and isotopic compositions of clay minerals such as illite and chlorite are commonly used to quantify diagenetic and low-grade metamorphic conditions, an approach that is also used in the present study of the Monte Perdido thrust fault from the South Pyrenean fold-and-thrust belt. The Monte Perdido thrust fault is a shallow thrust juxtaposing upper Cretaceous-Paleocene platform carbonates and Lower Eocene marls and turbidites from the Jaca basin. The core zone of the fault, about 6 m thick, consists of intensely deformed clay-bearing rocks bounded by major shear surfaces. Illite and chlorite are the main hydrous minerals in the fault zone. Illite is oriented along cleavage planes while chlorite formed along shear veins (< 50 mu m in thickness). Authigenic chlorite provides essential information about the origin of fluids and their temperature. delta O-18 and delta D values of newly formed chlorite support equilibration with sedimentary interstitial water, directly derived from the local hanging wall and footwall during deformation. Given the absence of large-scale fluid flow, the mineralization observed in the thrust faults records the P-T conditions of thrust activity. Temperatures of chlorite formation of about 240A degrees C are obtained via two independent methods: chlorite compositional thermometers and oxygen isotope fractionation between cogenetic chlorite and quartz. Burial depth conditions of 7 km are determined for the Monte Perdido thrust reactivation, coupling calculated temperature and fluid inclusion isochores. The present study demonstrates that both isotopic and thermodynamic methods applied to clay minerals formed in thrust fault are useful to help constrain diagenetic and low-grade metamorphic conditions.
Published: 2018

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