175 results on '"Kyung Ae Lee"'
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2. 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
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Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, YoonJu Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae Jin Kim, Hyun Min Kim, Jung Hae Ko, Nam Hoon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Jeeyun Ahn, Tae Jung Oh, Soo-Kyung Kim, Jaehyun Kim, Eugene Han, Sang-Man Jin, Won Suk Choi, and Min Kyong Moon
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diabetes mellitus ,practice guideline ,prediabetic state ,republic of korea ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
In May 2023, the Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines of the Korean Diabetes Association published the revised clinical practice guidelines for Korean adults with diabetes and prediabetes. We incorporated the latest clinical research findings through a comprehensive systematic literature review and applied them in a manner suitable for the Korean population. These guidelines are designed for all healthcare providers nationwide, including physicians, diabetes experts, and certified diabetes educators who manage patients with diabetes or individuals at risk of developing diabetes. Based on recent changes in international guidelines and the results of a Korean epidemiological study, the recommended age for diabetes screening has been lowered. In collaboration with the relevant Korean medical societies, recently revised guidelines for managing hypertension and dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes have been incorporated into this guideline. An abridgment containing practical information on patient education and systematic management in the clinic was published separately.
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- 2023
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3. Diabetes screening in South Korea: a new estimate of the number needed to screen to detect diabetes
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Kyoung Hwa Ha, Kyung Ae Lee, Kyung-Do Han, Min Kyong Moon, and Dae Jung Kim
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diabetes mellitus ,early diagnosis ,screening ,Medicine - Abstract
Background/Aims The Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) guidelines recommend adults aged ≥ 40 years and adults aged ≥ 30 years with diabetes risk factors for diabetes screening. This study aimed to determine the age threshold for diabetes screening in Korean adults. Methods This study was based on the analyses of Korean adults aged ≥ 20 years using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC). To evaluate screening effectiveness, we calculated the number needed to screen (NNS). Results NNS to detect diabetes decreased from 63 to 34 in the KNHANES and from 71 to 42 in the NHIS-NSC between the ages of 30–34 and 35–39. When universal screening was applied to adults aged ≥ 35, the NNS was similar to that of adults aged ≥ 40. Compared to the KDA guidelines, the rate of missed screening positive in adults aged ≥ 20 decreased from 4.0% to 0.2% when the newly suggested screening criteria were applied. Conclusions Universal screening for adults aged ≥ 35 and selective screening for adults aged 20 to 34, considering diabetes risk factors, may be appropriate for detecting prediabetes and diabetes in South Korea.
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- 2023
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4. Screening for Prediabetes and Diabetes in Korean Nonpregnant Adults: A Position Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association, 2022
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Kyung Ae Lee, Dae Jung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Suk Chon, Min Kyong Moon, and on Behalf of the Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Diabetes Association
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age ,diabetes mellitus, type 2 ,diagnosis ,prediabetic state ,risk factors ,screening ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Diabetes screening serves to identify individuals at high-risk for diabetes who have not yet developed symptoms and to diagnose diabetes at an early stage. Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing. Furthermore, obesity and/or abdominal obesity, which are major risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are progressively increasing, particularly among young adults. Many patients with T2DM are asymptomatic and can accompany various complications at the time of diagnosis, as well as chronic complications develop as the duration of diabetes increases. Thus, proper screening and early diagnosis are essential for diabetes care. Based on reports on the changing epidemiology of diabetes and obesity in Korea, as well as growing evidence from new national cohort studies on diabetes screening, the Korean Diabetes Association has updated its clinical practice recommendations regarding T2DM screening. Diabetes screening is now recommended in adults aged ≥35 years regardless of the presence of risk factors, and in all adults (aged ≥19) with any of the risk factors. Abdominal obesity based on waist circumference (men ≥90 cm, women ≥85 cm) was added to the list of risk factors.
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- 2022
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5. Influence of Glucose Fluctuation on Peripheral Nerve Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Yu Ji Kim, Na Young Lee, Kyung Ae Lee, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
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diabetes mellitus ,diabetic neuropathies ,insulin ,peripheral nerves ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background It is unclear whether glycemic variability (GV) is a risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and whether control of GV is beneficial for DPN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GV on peripheral nerve damage by inducing glucose fluctuation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Methods Rats were divided into four groups: normal (normal glucose group [NOR]), diabetes without treatment (sustained severe hyperglycemia group; diabetes mellitus [DM]), diabetes+once daily insulin glargine (stable hyperglycemia group; DM+LAN), and diabetes+once daily insulin glargine with twice daily insulin glulisine (unstable glucose fluctuation group; DM+Lantus [LAN]+Apidra [API]). We measured anti-oxidant enzyme levels and behavioral responses against tactile, thermal, and pressure stimuli in the plasma of rats. We also performed a quantitative comparison of cutaneous and sciatic nerves according to glucose fluctuation. Results At week 24, intraepidermal nerve fiber density was less reduced in the insulin-administered groups compared to the DM group (P0.05; 16.2±1.6, 12.4±2.0, 14.3±0.9, and 13.9±0.6 for NOR, DM, DM+LAN, and DM+LAN+API, respectively). The DM group exhibited significantly decreased glutathione levels compared to the insulin-administered groups (2.64±0.10 μmol/mL, DM+LAN; 1.93±0.0 μmol/mL, DM+LAN+API vs. 1.25±0.04 μmol/mL, DM; P
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- 2022
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6. Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study
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Jun Sung Moon, Sunghwan Suh, Sang Soo Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Jeong Mi Kim, Min Hee Jang, Kyung Ae Lee, Ju Hyung Lee, Seung Min Chung, Young Sang Lyu, Jin Hwa Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Jung Eun Jang, Tae Nyun Kim, Sung Woo Kim, Eonju Jeon, Nan Hee Cho, Mi-Kyung Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Eun Sook Kim, Jin Ook Chung, Dong-Hyeok Cho, Chang Won Lee, Young Il Kim, Dong Jin Chung, Kyu Chang Won, In Joo Kim, Tae Sun Park, Duk Kyu Kim, and Hosang Shon
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diabetes mellitus, type 2 ,drug therapy, combination ,hypoglycemic agents ,injections ,insulin ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background Only few studies have shown the efficacy and safety of glucose-control strategies using the quadruple drug combination. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the quadruple combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From March 2014 to December 2018, data of patients with T2DM, who were treated with quadruple hypoglycemic medications for over 12 months in 11 hospitals in South Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and 12 months after quadruple treatment with OHAs. The safety, maintenance rate, and therapeutic patterns after failure of the quadruple therapy were also evaluated. Results In total, 357 patients were enrolled for quadruple OHA therapy, and the baseline HbA1c level was 9.0%±1.3% (74.9±14.1 mmol/mol). After 12 months, 270 patients (75.6%) adhered to the quadruple therapy and HbA1c was significantly reduced from 8.9%±1.2% to 7.8%±1.3% (mean change, −1.1%±1.2%; P
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- 2021
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7. Diagnosis for Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma: A Joint Position Statement of the Korean Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma Task Force
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Eu Jeong Ku, Kyoung Jin Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Mi Kyung Kim, Chang Ho Ahn, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hun Lee, You-Bin Lee, Kyeong Hye Park, Yun Mi Choi, Namki Hong, A Ram Hong, Sang-Wook Kang, Byung Kwan Park, Moon-Woo Seong, Myungshin Kim, Kyeong Cheon Jung, Chan Kwon Jung, Young Seok Cho, Jin Chul Paeng, Jae Hyeon Kim, Ohk-Hyun Ryu, Yumie Rhee, Chong Hwa Kim, and Eun Jig Lee
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pheochromocytoma ,paraganglioma ,diagnosis ,classification ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGLs) are rare catecholamine-secreting neuroendocrine tumors but can be life-threatening. Although most PPGLs are benign, approximately 10% have metastatic potential. Approximately 40% cases are reported as harboring germline mutations. Therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of PPGLs is crucial. For more than 130 years, clinical, molecular, biochemical, radiological, and pathological investigations have been rapidly advanced in the field of PPGLs. However, performing diagnostic studies to localize lesions and detect metastatic potential can be still challenging and complicated. Furthermore, great progress on genetics has shifted the paradigm of genetic testing of PPGLs. The Korean PPGL task force team consisting of the Korean Endocrine Society, the Korean Surgical Society, the Korean Society of Nuclear Medicine, the Korean Society of Pathologists, and the Korean Society of Laboratory Medicine has developed this position statement focusing on the comprehensive and updated diagnosis for PPGLs.
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- 2021
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8. Diagnosis and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Position Statement from Korean Endocrine Society and Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
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Jung Hee Kim, Hyun Wook Chae, Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Kyeong Hye Park, Dong Jun Lim, Kwang Joon Kim, Jung Soo Lim, Gyuri Kim, Yun Mi Choi, Seong Hee Ahn, Min Ji Jeon, Yul Hwangbo, Ju Hee Lee, Bu Kyung Kim, Yong Jun Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Hwa Young Ahn, Hoon Sung Choi, Sang Mo Hong, Dong Yeob Shin, Ji A Seo, Se Hwa Kim, Seungjoon Oh, Sung Hoon Yu, Byung Joon Kim, Choong Ho Shin, Sung-Woon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, and Eun Jig Lee
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growth hormone ,dwarfism ,pituitary ,hypopituitarism ,hormone replacement therapy ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is caused by congenital or acquired causes and occurs in childhood or adulthood. GH replacement therapy brings benefits to body composition, exercise capacity, skeletal health, cardiovascular outcomes, and quality of life. Before initiating GH replacement, GH deficiency should be confirmed through proper stimulation tests, and in cases with proven genetic causes or structural lesions, repeated GH stimulation testing is not necessary. The dosing regimen of GH replacement therapy should be individualized, with the goal of minimizing side effects and maximizing clinical improvements. The Korean Endocrine Society and the Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology have developed a position statement on the diagnosis and treatment of GH deficiency. This position statement is based on a systematic review of evidence and expert opinions.
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- 2020
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9. A rare case of acute transient thyroid swelling without hematoma after fine needle aspiration
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Young Ki Kim, In Sun Goak, Yu Ji Kim, Heung Yong Jin, and Kyung Ae Lee
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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10. Cushing’s syndrome: a rare cause of multiple vertebral fractures shortly after a complicated pregnancy
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Yu Ji Kim and Kyung Ae Lee
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Medicine - Published
- 2022
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11. Medical Treatment with Somatostatin Analogues in Acromegaly: Position Statement
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Sang Ouk Chin, Cheol Ryong Ku, Byung Joon Kim, Sung-Woon Kim, Kyeong Hye Park, Kee Ho Song, Seungjoon Oh, Hyun Koo Yoon, Eun Jig Lee, Jung Min Lee, Jung Soo Lim, Jung Hee Kim, Kwang Joon Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Dae Jung Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Seong-Su Moon, Dong Jun Lim, Dong Yeob Shin, Se Hwa Kim, Min Jeong Kwon, Ha Young Kim, Jin Hwa Kim, Dong Sun Kim, and Chong Hwa Kim
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Acromegaly ,Somatostatin analogues ,Octreotide ,Lanreotide ,Pasireotide ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
The Korean Endocrine Society (KES) published clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of acromegaly in 2011. Since then, the number of acromegaly cases, publications on studies addressing medical treatment of acromegaly, and demands for improvements in insurance coverage have been dramatically increasing. In 2017, the KES Committee of Health Insurance decided to publish a position statement regarding the use of somatostatin analogues in acromegaly. Accordingly, consensus opinions for the position statement were collected after intensive review of the relevant literature and discussions among experts affiliated with the KES, and the Korean Neuroendocrine Study Group. This position statement includes the characteristics, indications, dose, interval (including extended dose interval in case of lanreotide autogel), switching and preoperative use of somatostatin analogues in medical treatment of acromegaly. The recommended approach is based on the expert opinions in case of insufficient clinical evidence, and where discrepancies among the expert opinions were found, the experts voted to determine the recommended approach.
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- 2019
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12. Effect of Empagliflozin, a Selective Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor, on Kidney and Peripheral Nerves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Na Young Lee, Yu Ji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
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Diabetes mellitus, experimental ,Diabetic nephropathies ,Diabetic neuropathies ,Peripheral nerves ,Sodium-glucose transporter 2 ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
The effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors on peripheral nerves and kidneys in diabetes mellitus (DM) remains unexplored. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effect of empagliflozin in diabetic rats. DM in rats was induced by streptozotocin injection, and diabetic rats were treated with empagliflozin 3 or 10 mg/kg. Following 24-week treatment, response thresholds to four different stimuli were tested and found to be lower in diabetic rats than in normal rats. Empagliflozin significantly prevented hypersensitivity (P
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- 2018
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13. Morphologic Comparison of Peripheral Nerves in Adipocyte Tissue from Diabetic versus Normal Mice
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
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Adipose tissue ,Diabetes mellitus ,Neuropathy ,Peripheral nerves ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Present study investigated the morphologic changes of autonomic nerves in the adipose tissue in diabetic animal model. Male obese type 2 diabetic db/db mice and age matched non-diabetic db/m control mice were used. Epididymal adipose tissue from diabetic db/db mice with that from control heterozygous db/m mice was compared using confocal microscopy-based method to visualize intact whole adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry with tyrosine hydroxylase for sympathetic (SP), choline acetyltransferase for parasympathetic (PSP), and protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5) for whole autonomic nerves was performed. The quantity of immunostained portion of SP, PSP, and PGP 9.5 stained nerve fibers showed decreased trend in diabetic group; however, the ratio of SP/PSP of adipose tissue was higher in diabetic group compared with control group as follows (0.70±0.30 vs. 0.95±0.25, P
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- 2018
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14. Primary hyperaldosteronism: a rare cause of acute aortic dissection
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Heung Yong Jin and Kyung Ae Lee
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Medicine - Published
- 2021
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15. The Degree of Hyperglycemia Excursion in Patients of Kidney Transplantation (KT) or Liver Transplantation (LT) Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Pilot Study
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Tae Sun Park, Sik Lee, Sung Kwang Park, Hong Pil Hwang, Jae Do Yang, Sung-Woo Ahn, and Hee Chul Yu
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Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Objective. This study used a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to investigate the glucose profiles and assess the degree of hyperglycemic excursion after kidney or liver transplantation during the early period after operation. Methods. Patients to whom a CGMS was attached during a postoperative period of approximately one month after transplantation were included. The CGM data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results. Hyperglycemia over 126 mg/dL (fasting) or 200 g/dL (postprandial) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P
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- 2019
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16. The Relationship between Anemia and the Initiation of Dialysis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy
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Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Anemia ,Diabetes ,Dialysis ,Nephropathy ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundAnemia is associated with various poor clinical outcomes in chronic kidney disease patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between anemia and the initiation degree and time of dialysis in type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients.MethodsThis observational retrospective study included 130 type 2 diabetic nephropathy patients in Korea. The existence of anemia, the degree and time of dialysis initiation were reviewed. Clinical characteristics and variables were also compared.ResultsThe levels of hemoglobin and serum creatinine were significantly correlated with the dialysis initiation (P
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- 2015
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17. Relationship between the Korean Version Survey of the Autonomic Symptoms Score and Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy Parameters in Patients with Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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Sun Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Autonomic neuropathy ,Diabetes ,Survey of autonomic symptom scale ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
BackgroundThe Survey of Autonomic Symptom (SAS) scale was reported as an easy instrument to assess the autonomic symptoms in patients with early diabetic neuropathy. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the SAS scale and the parameters of cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) in Korean patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsThe SAS scale was tested in 30 healthy controls and 73 patients with DPN at Chonbuk National University Hospital, in Korea. The SAS score was compared to the parameters of the CAN test and the total symptom score (TSS) for DPN in patients with DPN.ResultsThe SAS symptom score and total impact score were increased in patients with DPN compared to the control group (P=0.01), particularly in sudomotor dysfunction (P=0.01), and vasomotor dysfunction (P=0.01). The SAS score was increased in patients with CAN compared to patients without CAN (P
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- 2014
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18. Effect of Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor on the Peripheral Nerves in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat
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Kyung Ae Lee, Kyung Taek Park, Hea Min Yu, Heung Yong Jin, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
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Diabetes mellitus ,Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor ,Peripheral nerves ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
There are controversial reports about the effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in peripheral nerve protection. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of G-CSF on peripheral nerves in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. After STZ or vehicle injection, rats were divided into five groups (n=6) as follows: normal+vehicle, normal+G-CSF (50 µg/kg for 5 days), diabetes mellitus (DM)+vehicle, DM+G-CSF (50 µg/kg for 5 days), and DM+G-CSF extension (50 µg/kg for 5 days and followed by two injections per week up to 24 weeks). Our results showed that the current perception threshold was not significantly different among experimental groups. G-CSF treatment inhibited the loss of cutaneous nerves and gastric mucosal small nerve fibers in morphometric comparison, but statistical significance was not observed. The present results demonstrated that G-CSF has no harmful but minimal beneficial effects with respect to peripheral nerve preservation in diabetic rats.
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- 2013
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19. Chemical constituents from Betula schmidtii and their free radical scavenging, tyrosinase inhibitory, and neuroprotective activities
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Da‐Hye Wang, Eun‐Hie Koh, Kyung Ae Lee, and Ha Sook Chung
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General Chemistry - Published
- 2022
20. How Do the Housing Supply and Market Price Change Affect the Increase and Decrease of Newlyweds in a Region?
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Kiseong Jeong and Kyung Ae Lee
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- 2022
21. Influence of Glucose Fluctuation on Peripheral Nerve Damage in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Yu Ji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
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diabetic neuropathies ,Insulin glulisine ,insulin ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Nerve fiber ,Streptozocin ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Animals ,Glycemic ,business.industry ,Insulin glargine ,Insulin ,RC648-665 ,medicine.disease ,Streptozotocin ,Sciatic Nerve ,Rats ,peripheral nerves ,Glucose ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,diabetes mellitus ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Background: It is unclear whether glycemic variability (GV) is a risk factor for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and whether control of GV is beneficial for DPN. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of GV on peripheral nerve damage by inducing glucose fluctuation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.Methods: Rats were divided into four groups: normal (normal glucose group [NOR]), diabetes without treatment (sustained severe hyperglycemia group; diabetes mellitus [DM]), diabetes+once daily insulin glargine (stable hyperglycemia group; DM+LAN), and diabetes+once daily insulin glargine with twice daily insulin glulisine (unstable glucose fluctuation group; DM+Lantus [LAN]+Apidra [API]). We measured anti-oxidant enzyme levels and behavioral responses against tactile, thermal, and pressure stimuli in the plasma of rats. We also performed a quantitative comparison of cutaneous and sciatic nerves according to glucose fluctuation.Results: At week 24, intraepidermal nerve fiber density was less reduced in the insulin-administered groups compared to the DM group (P0.05; 16.2±1.6, 12.4±2.0, 14.3±0.9, and 13.9±0.6 for NOR, DM, DM+LAN, and DM+LAN+API, respectively). The DM group exhibited significantly decreased glutathione levels compared to the insulin-administered groups (2.64±0.10 μmol/mL, DM+LAN; 1.93±0.0 μmol/mL, DM+LAN+API vs. 1.25±0.04 μmol/mL, DM; P
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- 2022
22. Efficacy and Safety of Treatment with Quadruple Oral Hypoglycemic Agents in Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Multi-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study
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Dong Jin Chung, Young Sang Lyu, Tae Sun Park, In Joo Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Young Il Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Eonju Jeon, Ju Hyung Lee, Eun Sook Kim, Seung Min Chung, Sang Soo Kim, Sung Woo Kim, Jung Eun Jang, Tae Nyun Kim, Jin Ook Chung, Nan Hee Cho, Sunghwan Suh, Kyu Chang Won, Chang Won Lee, Duk Kyu Kim, Hye Soon Kim, Jeong Mi Kim, Hosang Shon, Min Hee Jang, Sang Yong Kim, Il Seong Nam-Goong, Dong Hyeok Cho, Kyung Ae Lee, Jin Hwa Kim, and Mi-Kyung Kim
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Blood Glucose ,Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Combination therapy ,Drug/Regimen ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Drug therapy, combination ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Injections ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Insulin ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Retrospective Studies ,media_common ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Retrospective cohort study ,RC648-665 ,medicine.disease ,Regimen ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Oral hypoglycemic agents ,Original Article ,business - Abstract
Background Only few studies have shown the efficacy and safety of glucose-control strategies using the quadruple drug combination. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the usefulness of the quadruple combination therapy with oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) in patients with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods From March 2014 to December 2018, data of patients with T2DM, who were treated with quadruple hypoglycemic medications for over 12 months in 11 hospitals in South Korea, were reviewed retrospectively. We compared glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels before and 12 months after quadruple treatment with OHAs. The safety, maintenance rate, and therapeutic patterns after failure of the quadruple therapy were also evaluated. Results In total, 357 patients were enrolled for quadruple OHA therapy, and the baseline HbA1c level was 9.0%±1.3% (74.9±14.1 mmol/mol). After 12 months, 270 patients (75.6%) adhered to the quadruple therapy and HbA1c was significantly reduced from 8.9%±1.2% to 7.8%±1.3% (mean change, −1.1%±1.2%; P
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- 2021
23. Borrowing Constraints and Tenure Choice in Female-Led Households
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Mi-Hwa Lim and Kyung-Ae Lee
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- 2021
24. Diabetes screening in South Korea: a new estimate of the number needed to screen to detect diabetes
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Kyoung Hwa Ha, Kyung Ae Lee, Kyung-Do Han, Min Kyong Moon, and Dae Jung Kim
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General Medicine - Abstract
Background/Aims: The Korean Diabetes Association (KDA) guidelines recommend adults aged ≥ 40 years and adults aged ≥ 30 years with diabetes risk factors for diabetes screening. This study aimed to determine the age threshold for diabetes screening in Korean adults.Methods: This study was based on the analyses of Korean adults aged ≥ 20 years using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) and the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC). To evaluate screening effectiveness, we calculated the number needed to screen (NNS).Results: NNS to detect diabetes decreased from 63 to 34 in the KNHANES and from 71 to 42 in the NHIS-NSC between the ages of 30–34 and 35–39. When universal screening was applied to adults aged ≥ 35, the NNS was similar to that of adults aged ≥ 40. Compared to the KDA guidelines, the rate of missed screening positive in adults aged ≥ 20 decreased from 4.0% to 0.2% when the newly suggested screening criteria were applied.Conclusions: Universal screening for adults aged ≥ 35 and selective screening for adults aged 20 to 34, considering diabetes risk factors, may be appropriate for detecting prediabetes and diabetes in South Korea.
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- 2022
25. A Comparative Study of Hesperetin, Hesperidin and Hesperidin Glucoside: Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antibacterial Activities In Vitro
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Sung-Sook Choi, Sun-Hyung Lee, and Kyung-Ae Lee
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Physiology ,Clinical Biochemistry ,hesperetin ,hesperidin ,hesperidin glucoside ,solubility ,antioxidant ,anti-inflammatory ,antibacterial ,in vitro ,Cell Biology ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry - Abstract
The antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities of hesperetin, hesperidin and hesperidin glucoside with different solubility were compared in vitro. Hesperetin was prepared by enzymatic hydrolysis from hesperidin, and hesperidin glucoside composed of hesperidin mono-glucoside was prepared from hesperidin through enzymatic transglycosylation. Solubility of the compounds was different: the partition coefficient (log P) was 2.85 ± 0.02 for hesperetin, 2.01 ± 0.02 for hesperidin, and −3.04 ± 0.03 for hesperidin glucoside. Hesperetin showed a higher effect than hesperidin and hesperidin glucoside on radical scavenging activity in antioxidant assays, while hesperidin and hesperidin glucoside showed similar activity. Cytotoxicity was low in the order of hesperidin glucoside, hesperidin, and hesperetin in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. Treatment of the cells with each compound reduced the levels of inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Hesperetin was most effective at relatively low concentrations, however, hesperidin glucoside was also effective at higher concentration. Hesperetin showed higher antibacterial activity than hesperidin in both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria, and hesperidin glucoside showed similarly higher activity with hesperetin depending on the bacterial strain. In conclusion, hesperetin in the form of aglycone showed more potent biological activity than hesperidin and hesperidin glucoside. However, hesperidin glucoside, the highly soluble form, has been shown to increase the activity compared to poorly soluble hesperidin.
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- 2022
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26. Thyrotoxicosis after COVID-19 vaccination: seven case reports and a literature review
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Yu Ji Kim
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Vaccination ,2019-20 coronavirus outbreak ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Endocrinology ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) ,medicine ,MEDLINE ,business - Published
- 2021
27. Diagnosis and Treatment of Growth Hormone Deficiency: A Position Statement from Korean Endocrine Society and Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology
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Cheol Ryong Ku, Yul Hwangbo, Jung Hee Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Min Ji Jeon, Sung Hoon Yu, Seong-Su Moon, Dong Jun Lim, Choong Ho Shin, Sung-Woon Kim, Hwa Young Ahn, Sang Ouk Chin, Kwang Joon Kim, Hyun Wook Chae, Seungjoon Oh, Eun Jig Lee, Ji A Seo, Se Hwa Kim, Sangmo Hong, Seong Hee Ahn, Hoon Sung Choi, Chong Hwa Kim, Yong Jun Choi, Dong Yeob Shin, Byung Joon Kim, Jung Soo Lim, Gyuri Kim, Ju Hee Lee, Yun Mi Choi, Kyeong Hye Park, and Bu Kyung Kim
- Subjects
Position statement ,Societies, Scientific ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,dwarfism ,Pediatric endocrinology ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Dwarfism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Hypopituitarism ,pituitary ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Growth hormone deficiency ,03 medical and health sciences ,Special Article ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Quality of life ,Endocrine system ,Medicine ,Humans ,Child ,Growth Disorders ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Human Growth Hormone ,medicine.disease ,Prognosis ,hormone replacement therapy ,hypopituitarism ,Transgender hormone therapy ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Practice Guidelines as Topic ,growth hormone ,business - Abstract
Growth hormone (GH) deficiency is caused by congenital or acquired causes and occurs in childhood or adulthood. GH replacement therapy brings benefits to body composition, exercise capacity, skeletal health, cardiovascular outcomes, and quality of life. Before initiating GH replacement, GH deficiency should be confirmed through proper stimulation tests, and in cases with proven genetic causes or structural lesions, repeated GH stimulation testing is not necessary. The dosing regimen of GH replacement therapy should be individualized, with the goal of minimizing side effects and maximizing clinical improvements. The Korean Endocrine Society and the Korean Society of Pediatric Endocrinology have developed a position statement on the diagnosis and treatment of GH deficiency. This position statement is based on a systematic review of evidence and expert opinions.
- Published
- 2020
28. Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Adolescents and Young Adults
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,Young adult ,business ,medicine.disease - Published
- 2020
29. Primary aldosteronism presenting as embolic myocardial infarction
- Author
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Hye Won, Lee, Yu Ji, Kim, Heung Yong, Jin, and Kyung Ae, Lee
- Subjects
Hyperaldosteronism ,Adrenal Glands ,Hypertension ,Embolism ,Myocardial Infarction ,Humans ,Female ,Arrhythmias, Cardiac ,Middle Aged ,Aldosterone - Abstract
Primary aldosteronism is now recognized as the most common cause of secondary hypertension. Increasing evidence has demonstrated increased cardiovascular events in primary aldosteronism patients. Heart failure and atrial fibrillation are the most common cardiovascular complications occurring in these patients, and a few cases of coronary artery disease have been reported. Herein, we report a rare case of primary aldosteronism in a patient who presented with myocardial infarction associated with coronary embolism.A 52-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of chest pain. ST-segment elevation was observed on an electrocardiogram. Although no significant stenosis was observed, embolization of the far distal left anterior descending artery was noticed on angiography. Blood test results revealed hypokalemia and increased aldosterone-renin ratio. Abdominal computed tomography revealed an adenoma in the left adrenal gland. After adrenalectomy, the serum potassium level normalized, and blood pressure was well controlled.Primary aldosteronism must be considered in patients who have had various cardiovascular diseases, including embolisms and situations in which the discrimination of secondary hypertension is necessary.
- Published
- 2021
30. Unusual Case of Adrenal Incidentaloma: Pheochromocytoma With Acute Adrenal Hemorrhage
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee and Yu Ji Kim
- Subjects
Pheochromocytoma ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Unusual case ,business.industry ,medicine ,General Medicine ,Adrenal incidentaloma ,Adrenal Hemorrhage ,medicine.disease ,business - Published
- 2022
31. Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory and Antithrombotic Effects of Ginsenoside Compound K Enriched Extract Derived from Ginseng Sprouts
- Author
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Kyung-Ae Lee, In-Hee Baik, and Kyung-Hee Kim
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Antioxidant ,antioxidant ,Ginsenosides ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Saponin ,Anti-Inflammatory Agents ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Panax ,Organic chemistry ,Hemorrhage ,Pharmacology ,antithrombotic ,Nitric Oxide ,Anti-inflammatory ,Antioxidants ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,Nitric oxide ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Ginseng ,Mice ,QD241-441 ,Fibrinolytic Agents ,Bleeding time ,Drug Discovery ,Antithrombotic ,medicine ,ginseng sprout ,Animals ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,anti-inflammatory ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Mice, Inbred ICR ,030109 nutrition & dietetics ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Plant Extracts ,enzymatic conversion ,compound K ,030104 developmental biology ,RAW 264.7 Cells ,chemistry ,Chemistry (miscellaneous) ,Ginsenoside ,Molecular Medicine ,Cytokines ,ginsenoside source - Abstract
Partially purified ginsenoside extract (PGE) and compound K enriched extract (CKE) were prepared from ginseng sprouts, and their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects were investigated. Compared to the 6-year-old ginseng roots, ginseng sprouts were found to have a higher content of phenolic compounds, saponin and protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside by about 56%, 36% and 43%, respectively. PGE was prepared using a macroporous adsorption resin, and compound K(CK) was converted and enriched from the PGE by enzymatic hydrolysis with a conversion rate of 75%. PGE showed higher effects than CKE on radical scavenging activity in antioxidant assays. On the other hand, CKE reduced nitric oxide levels more effectively than PGE in RAW 264.7 cells. CKE also reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 than PGE. Tail bleeding time and volume were investigated after administration of CKE at 70–150 mg/kg/day to mice. CKE administered group showed a significant increase or increased tendency in bleeding time than the control group. Bleeding volume in the CKE group increased than the control group, but not as much as in the aspirin group. In conclusion, ginseng sprouts could be an efficient source of ginsenoside, and CKE converted from the ginsenosides showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic effects. However, it was estimated that the CKE might play an essential role in anti-inflammatory effects rather than antioxidant effects.
- Published
- 2021
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32. Treatment Patterns of Type 2 Diabetes Assessed Using a Common Data Model Based on Electronic Health Records of 2000-2019
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Eun Young Kim, Heung Yong Jin, Yong-Jin Im, Tae Sun Park, and Yu Ji Kim
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Databases, Factual ,Common Data Model ,Type 2 diabetes ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,Diabetes management ,Internal medicine ,Republic of Korea ,medicine ,Electronic Health Records ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Medical prescription ,Practice Patterns, Physicians' ,Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors ,Glycemic ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ,business.industry ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Sulfonylurea Compounds ,chemistry ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Endocrinology, Nutrition & Metabolism ,Observational study ,Female ,Original Article ,Glycated hemoglobin ,business ,medicine.drug ,Glomerular Filtration Rate - Abstract
Background Real-world data analysis is useful for identifying treatment patterns. Understanding drug prescription patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus may facilitate diabetes management. We aimed to analyze treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus using Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model based on electronic health records. Methods This retrospective, observational study employed electronic health records of patients who visited Jeonbuk National University Hospital in Korea during January 2000–December 2019. Data were transformed into the Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model and analyzed using R version 4.0.3 and ATLAS ver. 2.7.6. Prescription frequency for each anti-diabetic drug, combination therapy pattern, and prescription pattern according to age, renal function, and glycated hemoglobin were analyzed. Results The number of adults treated for type 2 diabetes mellitus increased from 1,867 (2.0%) in 2000 to 9,972 (5.9%) in 2019. In the early 2000s, sulfonylurea was most commonly prescribed (73%), and in the recent years, metformin has been most commonly prescribed (64%). Prescription rates for DPP4 and SGLT2 inhibitors have increased gradually over the past few years. Monotherapy prescription rates decreased, whereas triple and quadruple combination prescription rates increased steadily. Different drug prescription patterns according to age, renal function, and glycated hemoglobin were observed. The proportion of patients with HbA1c ≤ 7% increased from 31.1% in 2000 to 45.6% in 2019, but that of patients visiting the emergency room for severe hypoglycemia did not change over time. Conclusion Medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 20 years with an increase in the use of newer drugs and a shift to combination therapies. In addition, various prescription patterns were demonstrated according to the patient characteristics in actual practice. Although glycemic control has improved, the proportion within the target is still low, underscoring the need to improve diabetes management., Graphical Abstract
- Published
- 2021
33. 1096-P: Analysis of Medication Use in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korea Using a Common Data Model Based on the Claim Data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Taesun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
Drug ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Insulin ,medicine.medical_treatment ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ,medicine.disease ,Metformin ,Internal medicine ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,Health insurance ,Observational study ,Medical prescription ,business ,Dyslipidemia ,medicine.drug ,media_common - Abstract
Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics is an international collaboration created an international data network of researchers (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model, OMOP-CDM). This retrospective, observational study was aim to analyze treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using HIRA national patient sample (NPS) from 2012 to 2017 transformed into OMOP-CDM. ATLAS ver. 2.7.6, an OHDSI’s open-source software is publicly available, was used for analysis. HIRA-NPS contain about 1.4 million patients. The proportion of adult patients treated for T2DM increased from 78,581 (5.5%) in 2012 to 101,710 (7.0%) in 2017. Ages 50-69 were the most common (47.7% in 2017), and T2DM was most noticeably increased from 28.7% to 44.9% among those aged 70 and over for 5 years. Metformin was the most prescribed drug (82.8%) followed by sulfornylurea (SU) (62.4%), DPP-4 inhibitor (29.5%) in 2012. In 2017, metformin was still the most prescribed (87.0%), and DPP-4 inhibitor prescription increased rapidly up to 62.7%, while the SU prescription rate decreased to 46.5%. Prescription of the most recently approved SGLT2 inhibitors also continued to increase, reaching 7.2% in 2017. The rate of insulin prescription decreased from 20.2% to 17.5%. Over time, mono and dual therapy decreased while triple and quadruple combinations steadily increased. Dual combination was the most common with metformin and DPP-4 inhibitor, triple combination was the most with metformin, SU, and DPP-4 inhibitor in 2017. Drug prescriptions for hypertension remained unchanged from 71.2% in 2012 to 70.0% in 2017, while prescriptions for dyslipidemia increased from 50.7% in 2012 to 68.4% in 2017. Antiplatelet drugs prescriptions decreased slightly from 47.3% to 42.6%. T2DM is constantly increasing, and medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 5 years with a shift towards newer drugs. Disclosure K. Lee: None. H. Jin: None. Y. Kim: None. T. Park: None.
- Published
- 2021
34. Non-surgically treated case of nonfunctioning ruptured adrenal adenoma in a patient on hemodialysis
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin and Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Abdominal pain ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,End stage renal disease ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Hematoma ,Renal Dialysis ,medicine ,Humans ,Adrenal adenoma ,Retroperitoneal Space ,Embolization ,Retroperitoneal hemorrhage ,Aged ,Rupture, Spontaneous ,business.industry ,Adrenalectomy ,medicine.disease ,Embolization, Therapeutic ,Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms ,Abdominal Pain ,Surgery ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Adrenocortical Adenoma ,Kidney Failure, Chronic ,Hemodialysis ,medicine.symptom ,Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ,business - Abstract
Herein, we report a case of rupture of nonfunctional adrenal adenoma treated by nonsurgical supportive management due to high risk for operation. A patient with end stage renal disease (ESRD) who was on hemodialysis visited our emergency room and complained of a sudden abdominal pain after a fall. A retroperitoneal hemorrhage with hematoma formation around the adrenal adenoma, which was caused by rupture of the adrenal adenoma, was detected by abdominal computed tomography (CT). Supportive management was performed, with serial CT follow-up instead of surgical adrenalectomy treatment because of high operative risk, due to hemodialysis. After 1 week, the patient’s vital signs stabilized and the patient did not further complain about abdominal symptoms. However, supportive embolization was performed and the size of hematoma was more decreased. We report a case of a patient on hemodialysis who experienced a rupture of a nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma, which was caused by low-energy trauma. The patient’s conditions improved with nonsurgical supportive management including embolization. Physicians should consider both surgical and nonsurgical management for the rupture of adrenal adenomas, depending on the patient situation. Therefore, nonsurgical supportive management such as embolization can be one therapeutic option for treating nonfunctioning adrenal adenoma rupture caused by low-energy trauma in a patient who has risks for operation due to combined comorbidities.
- Published
- 2019
35. Real-world comparison of mono and dual combination therapies of metformin, sulfonylurea, and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors using a common data model
- Author
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Kyung Ae, Lee, Heung Yong, Jin, Yu Ji, Kim, Sang Soo, Kim, Eun-Hee, Cho, and Tae Sun, Park
- Subjects
Adult ,Glycated Hemoglobin ,Male ,Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ,General Medicine ,Hypoglycemia ,Metformin ,Sulfonylurea Compounds ,Treatment Outcome ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Humans ,Hypoglycemic Agents ,Drug Therapy, Combination ,Female ,Retrospective Studies - Abstract
The comparative effectiveness of oral hypoglycemic agents on glycemic control and chronic complications in clinical practice is unknown in Korea. This study aimed to compare glycemic control and the incidence of hypoglycemia and chronic complications among adult patients with type 2 diabetes prescribed metformin, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4I), and sulfonylurea (SU) as monotherapy or dual combination therapy.We retrospectively analyzed propensity-matched cohort data from 3 national university hospitals in Korea. All electronic health records were transformed into a unified Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model and analyzed using ATLAS, an open-source analytical tool, and R software. Glycemic control was assessed as the first observation of a reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level below 7% after prescription of the drug. Differences in the incidence of chronic complications were compared based on the first observation of each complication. Glycemic control and chronic complications were evaluated in patients who maintained the same prescription for at least 3 and 12 months, respectively.Patients who received metformin had lower hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% as compared with those who received SU, and had higher hazard compared with those who received DPP4I (hazard ratio [HR], 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.75-0.98; and HR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.42-1.99, respectively). The incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly higher in the SU group than in the metformin and DPP4I groups (metformin vs SU; HR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.21-0.43; SU vs DPP4I; HR, 4.42; 95% CI, 2.35-8.31). Metformin + DPP4I had similar hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% compared with metformin + SU (HR, 1.19; 95% CI, 0.99-1.43) and the incidence of hypoglycemia was significantly lower in the metformin + DPP4I group (HR 0.13; 95% CI 0.05-0.30). There was no significant difference in the analysis of the occurrence of chronic complications.SU followed by metformin was effective, and both drugs showed an increased hazard of reaching HbA1c levels below 7% compared with DPP4I. Metformin + DPP4I is comparatively effective for HbA1c level reduction below 7% compared with metformin + SU. Hypoglycemia was high in the SU-containing therapy.
- Published
- 2022
36. Cushing’s syndrome: a rare cause of multiple vertebral fractures shortly after a complicated pregnancy
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee and Yu Ji Kim
- Subjects
Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,S syndrome ,business.industry ,Image of Interest ,Pregnancy Complications ,Pregnancy ,Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,business ,Complicated pregnancy ,Cushing Syndrome - Published
- 2021
37. The association between cardiac autonomic neuropathy and heart function in type 2 diabetic patients
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, Tae Sun Park, Yu Ji Kim, and Ju Hyung Lee
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Heart Diseases ,Physiology ,Cardiomyopathy ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Diabetes Complications ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Heart Rate ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,medicine ,Humans ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,business.industry ,fungi ,food and beverages ,Cardiac autonomic neuropathy ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Sensory Systems ,Autonomic Nervous System Diseases ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,Echocardiography ,Heart failure ,Cardiology ,Female ,Complication ,business - Abstract
Aim: Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common and important chronic complication in diabetic patients. Heart failure resulting from cardiomyopathy is also a lethal complication in diabetic pa...
- Published
- 2020
38. Non-glucose risk factors in the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,Type 2 diabetes ,Bioinformatics ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Risk Factors ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Metabolic Syndrome ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Obesity ,Pathophysiology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Hyperglycemia ,Metabolic syndrome ,business ,Dyslipidemia - Abstract
In this review, we consider the diverse risk factors in diabetes patients beyond hyperglycemia that are being recognized as contributors to diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Interest in such alternative mechanisms has been encouraged by the recognition that neuropathy occurs in subjects with metabolic syndrome and pre-diabetes and by the reporting of several large clinical studies that failed to show reduced prevalence of neuropathy after intensive glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Animal models of obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and other disorders common to both pre-diabetes and diabetes have been used to highlight a number of plausible pathogenic mechanisms that may either damage the nerve independent of hyperglycemia or augment the toxic potential of hyperglycemia. While pathogenic mechanisms stemming from hyperglycemia are likely to be significant contributors to DPN, future therapeutic strategies will require a more nuanced approach that considers a range of concurrent insults derived from the complex pathophysiology of diabetes beyond direct hyperglycemia.
- Published
- 2020
39. A Comparative Study of Rutin and Rutin Glycoside: Antioxidant Activity, Anti-Inflammatory Effect, Effect on Platelet Aggregation and Blood Coagulation
- Author
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Hye-Ryung Park, Sung-Sook Choi, and Kyung-Ae Lee
- Subjects
antioxidant ,Antioxidant ,Physiology ,medicine.drug_class ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Clinical Biochemistry ,RM1-950 ,Pharmacology ,Biochemistry ,Article ,Anti-inflammatory ,blood coagulation ,Nitric oxide ,Rutin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,In vivo ,medicine ,Molecular Biology ,anti-inflammatory ,Blood coagulation test ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,solubility ,rutin ,rutin glycoside ,Glycoside ,in vitro ,Cell Biology ,In vitro ,in vivo ,chemistry ,platelet aggregation ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,transglycosylation - Abstract
The effects of rutin and rutin glycoside with different solubility were compared on antioxidant activity and anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and the effects on platelet aggregation and blood coagulation in vitro and in vivo. Rutin glycoside (consisting of rutin mono-glucoside and rutin di-glucoside) was prepared via enzymatic transglycosylation from rutin. Rutin glycoside showed a higher effect than rutin on radical scavenging activity in antioxidant assays. Rutin showed a higher toxicity than rutin glycoside in murine macrophage RAW264.7 cells. They had similar effects on the levels of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E (PGE) 2 and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6) in the cells. Both rutin and rutin glycosides similarly reduced the rate of platelet aggregation compared to controls in vitro. They also similarly delayed prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in an in vitro blood coagulation test. The effect of repeated administration of rutin and rutin glycoside was evaluated in vivo using SD rats. The platelet aggregation rate of rutin and the rutin glycoside administered group was significantly decreased compared to that of the control group. On the other hand, PT and APTT of rutin and rutin glycoside group were not significantly delayed in vivo blood coagulation test. In conclusion, rutin and rutin glycoside showed differences in antioxidant activities in vitro, while they were similar in the reduction of NO, PGE2, TNF-α and IL-6 in vitro. Rutin and rutin glycoside also showed similar platelet aggregation rates, and blood coagulation both in vitro and in vivo condition. Comparing in vitro and in vivo, rutin and rutin glycoside were effective on platelet aggregation both in vitro and in vivo, but only in vitro on blood coagulation.
- Published
- 2021
40. Trends in Medication Utilization and Glycemic Control Among Type 2 Diabetes Using a Common Data Model Based on Electronic Health Records From 2000 to 2019
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Jang Hyeon Kim, Yuji Kim, Tae Sun Park, Seung Han Jeong, and Kyung Ae Lee
- Subjects
business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Control (management) ,Type 2 diabetes ,Health records ,medicine.disease ,Diabetes Mellitus and Glucose Metabolism ,Type 2 Diabetes ,Text mining ,Environmental health ,medicine ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00250 ,Glycemic - Abstract
Analyzing the treatment patterns of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in real practice helps to understand the flow of diabetes management and establish further management plans. Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics (OHDSI) is an international collaboration created an international data network (Observational Medical Outcomes Partnership Common Data Model, OMOP-CDM). This study was aim to analyze treatment patterns of T2DM using the OMOP-CDM based on electronic health record (EHR) data and to assess whether CDM analysis was feasible to diabetes research. This is a retrospective, observational study using the EHR data of Jeonbuk National University Hospital (JNUH) transformed into OMOP-CDM. The data consisted of medical records of patients visits from January 2000 to December 2019. ATLAS ver. 2.7.6, an OHDSI’s open-source software is publicly available, was used for analysis. The 20 year old EHR data of a JNUH contain about 1.5 million patients. The proportion of adult patients treated for T2DM increased from 1,867 (1.6%) in 2000 to 9,972 (5.1%) in 2019. Sulfonylurea (SU) was the most prescribed drug (73%) followed by metformin (55%) in 2000. On the other hand, in 2019, metformin was the most prescribed (64%), and DPP-4 inhibitor prescription increased rapidly up to 55%, while the SU prescription rate decreased to 36%. The rate of insulin treatment ranged from 16% to 24%, which is higher than national surveyed based on health insurance data. Over time, monotherapy decreased while dual, triple, and quadruple combinations steadily increased. Dual combination was the most common with metformin and DPP-4 inhibitor, triple combination was the most with metformin, SU, and DPP-4 inhibitor in 2019. In analysis of annual HbA1c trends, the proportion of patients with HbA1c of 7% or lower increased (from 32.8% 2000 to 50.2% in 2019). Proportion of patients with HbA1c of 9% or more decreased from 30% to 12%. However, it was found that about half of T2DM patients still had HbA1c values above the target range. In addition, the number of patients who visited our emergency room for severe hypoglycemia did not decrease. Present study revealed that CDM analysis was feasible for diabetes research. Medication utilization patterns have changed significantly over the past 20 years with a shift towards newer drugs. Despite these changes and clinical efforts, improvement in glycemic control is still a challenge and hypoglycemic is still a problem to overcome.
- Published
- 2021
41. A Rare Case of Sellar Mass Composed of Primary Leiomyosarcoma and Pituitary Adenoma
- Author
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Young Ki Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Tae Sun Park, Heung Yong Jin, Yu Ji Kim, and In Sun Goak
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Sellar mass ,medicine.disease ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary ,Pituitary adenoma ,Primary Leiomyosarcoma ,Rare case ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary Case Reports ,Medicine ,Radiology ,business ,AcademicSubjects/MED00250 - Abstract
Background: Nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas (NFPAs) are most common pituitary tumors, and primary pituitary gland malignancies are extremely rare. Most malignant pituitary gland lesions metastasize from other sites. Primary malignant lesions, such as sarcomas, usually develop after radiotherapy or chemotherapy for other diseases. We report a rare case of primary sellar leiomyosarcoma (LMS) without prior therapy that arose concurrently with a pituitary adenoma. Clinical Case: A 56-year-old woman with ptosis of the right eye, headache, and progressive visual deficits visited our neurosurgery department. She had no medical history besides hypertension. Twelve months ago, she was referred to us because of decreased visual acuity and a 3.5×3.6-cm-sized pituitary mass detected on brain MRI. Normal pituitary functions with mild hyperprolactinemia suggested a nonfunctioning pituitary mass with stalk compression. After transsphenoidal surgery, histopathology revealed a pituitary adenoma; MRI immediately post-surgery revealed no grossly remnant lesion. However, during the current visit, sellar MRI revealed a re-growing mass in the pituitary fossa extending to the sphenoid sinus and compressing the optic chiasm with a suprasellar extension. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery was performed, and histopathology revealed a composite tumor, i.e., a mesenchymal tumor with a pituitary adenoma. On immunohistochemical staining, smooth muscle actin, synaptophysin, and chromagranin were positive; tumor cell mitosis was observed at 7/10 high-power fields. Finally, a composite tumor of myxoid leiomyosarcoma and pituitary adenoma was diagnosed. Hence, systemic chemotherapy with radiotherapy was planned for the remnant lesion. Hormonal replacement therapy with hydrocortisone and thyroxine was also started for subsequent hypopituitarism. Conclusion: NFPA is benign and has good prognosis if it is not grow in size or is completely resected. Conversely, primary sarcomas, such as LMS, show rapid extension and aggressive local invasion. Although their incidence is extremely rare, few primary pituitary sarcoma cases with or without pituitary adenoma have been reported. In the former case, initial diagnosis of pituitary adenoma may lead to delayed diagnosis of combined malignant lesions. Thus, clinicians should consider this possibility and high index of suspicion is required when diagnosing a pituitary mass.
- Published
- 2021
42. Borrowing Constraints and the Tenure Choice of Young Households
- Author
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Kyung-Ae Lee
- Subjects
Probit model ,Economics ,Demographic economics - Published
- 2017
43. 975-P: Comparison of Glycemic Variability, Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring System (CGMS) during Early Post-Transplantation Period, between the Recipients of Kidney and Liver Transplantation
- Author
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Yu Ji Kim, Kyung Ae Lee, Heung Yong Jin, and Taesun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Kidney ,business.industry ,Continuous glucose monitoring ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Period (gene) ,Urology ,Liver transplantation ,Post transplant ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal Medicine ,medicine ,business ,Glycemic - Abstract
Objective: The aim was to investigate the glucose profiles and compare the degree of glycemic variability between kidney and liver transplantation patients during the early postoperative period. Methods: The continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results: Post-transplantation diabetes mellitus (PTDM) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). Glycemic variability after LT was better than that in KT patients. The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P Conclusion: The transplanted organ is also an important factor affecting glucose control and the occurrence of PTDM in patients who receive transplantation. Further studies involving CGM follow-up at regular intervals in PTDM or preexisting diabetic patients after KT or LT may clarify the role of transplanted organs in glucose control in recipients of organ transplants. Disclosure H. Jin: None. Y. Kim: None. K. Lee: None. T. Park: None.
- Published
- 2019
44. SUN-434 Simultaneously Occurring Suprasellar Tumor and Meningitis: A Rare Cause of Hypopituitarism
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yuji Kim, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Neuroendocrinology and Pituitary Case Reports ,Medicine ,Radiology ,Hypopituitarism ,business ,medicine.disease ,Meningitis - Abstract
Background: The most common cause of hypopituitarism is pituitary adenoma. In recent years there is increased reporting of rare causes of hypopituitarism acquired in adulthood, such as other sellar and parasellar masses, brain damage, vascular lesions, infiltrative/immunological/inflammatory diseases and infectious diseases. We report an unusual case of hypopituitarism associated with simultaneously occurring suprasellar tumor and meningitis. Clinical case: A 45-year-old man was brought to the Emergency Department after being found collapsed at his home with a reduced level of consciousness. About 1 week ago, the patient was complaint headache, nausea and vomiting. He had no significant medical history. His initial assessment showed a blood pressure of 130/70 mmHg, heart rate 133/min, and body temperature 38.5 ºC. Initial laboratory finding revealed serum sodium level of 149 mmol/L (135-150), potassium level of 4.3 mmol/L (3.5-5.5), serum osmolality 292 mOsm/Kg (275-295) and urine osmolality 504 mOsm/Kg (400-800). His random cortisol level was 31.8 ug/dl, TSH 0.568 uIu/ml (0.55-4.78), and free T4 10.75 pmol/L (11.5-22.7). From clinical examination and initial investigations, he was diagnosed as having meningitis or encephalitis and was promptly commenced on empirical i.v. antibiotics. The magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain revealed diffuse leptomeningeal enhancement in both cerebral hemisphere and 1.8*1.5*1.1cm sized, oval-shaped mass in suprasellar portion, which combined peripheral edema. Examination of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) following lumbar puncture confirmed meningitis, antibiotics and antiviral agent were continued. After 2 weeks, he suddenly underwent hypotension and polyuria, despite inflammatory markers of blood were improved. Laboratory finding showed serum osmolality 337 mOsm/Kg, urine osmolality 271 mOsm/Kg, serum sodium 153 mmol/L, random cortisol 1.3 ug/dl, and free T4 5.19 uIu/ml. When coupled with the initial results of the brain imaging, this result helped to confirm a hypopituitarism associated with suprasellar tumor and meningitis. The patient's clinical status promptly improved with intravenous hydrocortisone and desmopressin. After that, levothyroxine supplement was started. He had good response to hormone replacement. Conclusion: Hypopituitarism may develop rapidly or slowly depending on the underlying etiology and may involve one, multiple, or all of the pituitary hormones. The clinical presentations of hypopituitarism are usually nonspecific and the recognition of these patients remains the challenge. We emphasize the importance of careful clinical assessment and focused investigations, including cranial imaging and pituitary hormone profiling to establish the underlying diagnosis.
- Published
- 2019
45. The Degree of Hyperglycemia Excursion in Patients of Kidney Transplantation (KT) or Liver Transplantation (LT) Assessed by Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM): Pilot Study
- Author
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Sung Kwang Park, Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Yu Ji Kim, Hong Pil Hwang, Sung Woo Ahn, Sik Lee, Hee Chul Yu, Jae Do Yang, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Adult ,Blood Glucose ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Article Subject ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pilot Projects ,Liver transplantation ,Gastroenterology ,Severity of Illness Index ,lcsh:Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,Endocrinology ,Predictive Value of Tests ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Medicine ,Humans ,Kidney transplantation ,Glycemic ,Retrospective Studies ,lcsh:RC648-665 ,business.industry ,Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ,Reproducibility of Results ,Immunosuppression ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Kidney Transplantation ,Liver Transplantation ,Transplantation ,Postprandial ,Treatment Outcome ,Predictive value of tests ,Hyperglycemia ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,Research Article - Abstract
Objective. This study used a continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to investigate the glucose profiles and assess the degree of hyperglycemic excursion after kidney or liver transplantation during the early period after operation. Methods. Patients to whom a CGMS was attached during a postoperative period of approximately one month after transplantation were included. The CGM data of 31 patients including 24 with kidney transplantation (KT) and seven with liver transplantation (LT) were analyzed. Results. Hyperglycemia over 126 mg/dL (fasting) or 200 g/dL (postprandial) occurred in 42.1% (8/19) and 16.7% (1/6) of KT and LT patients, respectively, during this early period after transplantation, except for patients with preexisting diabetes (5 KT, 1 LT). The average mean amplitude of glycemic excursion (MAGE) and mean absolute glucose (MAG) levels were 91.18±26.51 vs. 65.66±22.55 (P<0.05) and 24.62±7.78 vs. 18.18±7.07 (P<0.05) in KT vs. LT patients, respectively, in patients without preexisting DM or PTDM patients who showed normal glucose levels. Average increase from the lowest level to the peak glucose value was higher in KT patients than LT patients (P<0.05). Conclusions. The transplanted organ also needs to be considered as an important factor affecting glucose control and the occurrence of more severe glucose excursions in patients who receive transplantation although immunosuppression agents are well-known important factors; however, our study was limited to the early posttransplantation period. Further studies involving CGM follow-up at regular intervals based on the time since transplantation are needed.
- Published
- 2019
46. Comparison of sensory tests and neuronal quantity of peripheral nerves between streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and paclitaxel (PAC)-treated rats
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Na Young Lee, Hyun Ah Ko, Tae Sun Park, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,Male ,Pain Threshold ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Paclitaxel ,Physiology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ,Rats, Sprague-Dawley ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Sensory threshold ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Nerve Growth Factor ,medicine ,Animals ,Neuroprostanes ,Thioctic Acid ,Interleukin-6 ,business.industry ,Body Weight ,Therapeutic effect ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,Streptozotocin ,medicine.disease ,Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ,Glutathione ,Sciatic Nerve ,Sensory Systems ,Rats ,Peripheral ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,chemistry ,Hyperalgesia ,Immunohistochemistry ,Plant Preparations ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Although diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) are different disease entities, they share similar neuropathic symptoms that impede quality of life for these patients. Despite having very similar downstream effects, there have been no direct comparisons between DPN and CIPN with respect to symptom severity and therapeutic responses. We compared peripheral nerve damage due to hyperglycemia with that caused by paclitaxel (PAC) treatment as represented by biochemical parameters, diverse sensory tests, and immunohistochemistry of cutaneous and sciatic nerves. The therapeutic effects of alpha-lipoic acid and DA-9801 were also compared in the two models. Animals were divided into seven groups (n = 7-10) as follows: normal, diabetes (DM), DM + alpha-lipoic acid 100 mg/kg (ALA), DM + DA-9801 (100 mg/kg), paclitaxel-treated rat (PAC), PAC + ALA (100 mg/kg), and PAC + DA-9801 (100 mg/kg). The sensory thresholds of animals to mechanical, heat, and pressure stimuli were altered by both hyperglycemia and PAC when compared with controls, and the responses to sensory tests were different between both groups. There were no significant differences in the biochemical markers of blood glutathione between DM and PAC groups (p .05). Quantitative comparisons of peripheral nerves by intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) analysis indicated that the DM and PAC groups were similar (6.18 ± 1.03 vs. 5.01 ± 2.57). IENFD was significantly improved after ALA and DA-9801 treatment in diabetic animals (7.6 ± 1.28, 7.7 ± 1.28, respectively, p .05) but did not reach significance in the PAC-treated groups (6.05 ± 1.76, 5.66 ± 1.26, respectively, p .05). Sciatic nerves were less damaged in the PAC-treated groups compared with the DM groups with respect to axonal diameter and area (8.60 ± 1.14 μm vs. 6.66 ± 1.07 μm, and 59.04 ± 15.16 μm
- Published
- 2016
47. The impact of glycemic variability on diabetic peripheral neuropathy
- Author
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Tae Sun Park, Kyung Ae Lee, and Heung Yong Jin
- Subjects
Blood Glucose ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Continuous glucose monitoring ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ,030209 endocrinology & metabolism ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Peripheral ,Nephropathy ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Endocrinology ,Peripheral neuropathy ,Diabetic Neuropathies ,Internal medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Humans ,Medicine ,business ,Retinopathy ,Glycemic - Abstract
Mean glucose values alone cannot explain the patterns of morbidity and mortality due to dysglycemia in diabetes. Development of continuous glucose monitoring systems has improved the analysis and interpretation of glycemic variability. The roles of glycemic components other than constant hyperglycemia in diabetic complications must be investigated because large clinical studies have indicated that risk factors besides the average glucose value of HbA1c are involved in chronic macrocomplications/microcomplications of diabetes. Among these complications, the pathogenesis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy is particularly complex, and several factors related to glucose and nonglucose pathways have been suggested as risk factors. There is little information regarding the effect of glycemic variability on diabetic peripheral neuropathy, unlike other microvascular complications of retinopathy and nephropathy, and whether glycemic variability causes harmful effects is still a matter of debate. In this review, we discuss the relationships between glycemic variability and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, focusing on somatosensory peripheral neuropathies rather than autonomic neuropathies.
- Published
- 2016
48. The Influence of Total or Sub-total Gastrectomy on Glucose Control in Diabetic and Non-diabetic Patients
- Author
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Young Ha Baek, Tae Sun Park, Kyung Ae Lee, and Heung-Yong Jin
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Glucose control ,Endocrine Care ,Endocrine and Autonomic Systems ,business.industry ,Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism ,medicine.medical_treatment ,General surgery ,Carbohydrate metabolism ,medicine.disease ,University hospital ,Gastroenterology ,Obesity ,Endocrinology ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Gastrectomy ,In patient ,business ,Non diabetic - Abstract
Objective Although bariatric surgery including gastrectomy has recently emerged as a useful treatment for type 2 DM with obesity, it is not clear whether gastrectomy itself can have beneficial effects on glucose metabolism. Therefore, in this study, we investigated changes in blood glucose in patients with and without diabetes who underwent gastrectomy. Methods From Jan 2010 to May 2014, 77 patients with diabetes and 77 patients without diabetes who underwent gastrectomy at Chonbuk National University Hospital, South Korea, were included. We compared fasting plasma glucose levels and HbA1c value before and after gastric surgery. Results After gastrectomy, 59 patients (38.3%) showed reduced fasting plasma glucose levels at the 1 year point, and 80 patients (51.9%) exhibited reduced fasting plasma glucose at 3 years, irrespective of their diabetes status. Among 77 patients with diabetes, decreased fasting plasma glucose was observed in 22 (28.6%) and 46 patients (59.7%) 1 and 3 years after gastrectomy, respectively. In patients who exhibited reduced fasting plasma glucose after gastrectomy, the degree of reduced glucose was as follows: 56.4±48.5 vs 23.2±16.1 mg/dL after 1 year, 58.3±52.3 vs 18.4±13.7 mg/dL after 3 years, in DM and non-DM patient respectively. Conclusions Although there was a significant drop in mean fasting glucose after gastrectomy, not all patients experienced a drop in fasting glucose. Gastrectomy did not show a consistent association with glucose reduction in patients with and without diabetes, and in about half of the patients, fasting plasma glucose levels increased after gastrectomy. Therefore, bariatric surgery including gastrectomy needs to be performed with care in diabetes, and glucose monitoring including oral glucose tolerance tests should be done for assessing or prediction of the glucose state after gastric surgery in non-DM patients.
- Published
- 2016
49. Case Reports of Severe Coronary Artery Spasm Associated with Three Different Endocrine Hyperfunction
- Author
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Heung Yong Jin, Kyung Ae Lee, Seung Hyun Hong, Sung Yun Lee, Hong Sun Baek, and Tae Sun Park
- Subjects
Hyperparathyroidism ,medicine.medical_specialty ,endocrine system diseases ,business.industry ,Hyperfunction ,medicine.disease ,Chest pain ,Pheochromocytoma ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Internal medicine ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Endocrine system ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Primary hyperparathyroidism ,Hormone ,Artery - Abstract
Disorders of the endocrine system including hormone hyperfunction and hypofunction have multiple effects on cardiovascular system. However, in clinical practice, there are many cases of delayed or overlooked diagnosis of underlying endocrine dysfunction in patients presenting chest pain or other cardiac symptoms. Herein, we report three cases of endocrine hyperfunction presenting as coronary spasm; Graves’ hyperthyroidism, pheochromocytoma, and primary hyperparathyroidism. Chest pains disappear after treatment for these endocrine diseases. Endocrine hyperfunctions such as the three cases described above should be considered as possible diagnosis in patients with complaint of chest pain. High index of suspicion are needed.
- Published
- 2015
50. Electro-optical Characteristics of the Degraded Functional Layer in an Alternating- Current Plasma Display Panel
- Author
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Kyung Ae Lee, Chang Gil Son, Booki Min, Yong Seong Byeon, Eun Ha Choi, and Sang Ho Yoon
- Subjects
Morphology (linguistics) ,Materials Science (miscellaneous) ,Analytical chemistry ,Secondary electron emission coefficient ,Cathodoluminescence ,General Medicine ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Plasma display ,law.invention ,law ,Secondary emission ,Degradation (geology) ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry ,Alternating current ,Layer (electronics) - Abstract
The electro-optical characteristics of several functional layers over the MgO protective layer were studied during the continuous discharge of an AC-PDP. In order to observe the degradation of each functional layer on the MgO protection layer, we measured the surface morphology, cathodoluminescence (CL) spectrum, the secondary electron emission coefficient (γ) and the discharge characteristics after 500 hours of discharge during the operation of the AC-PDP.
- Published
- 2015
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