115 results on '"James W. MacDonald"'
Search Results
2. Modeling cellular responses to serum and vitamin D in microgravity using a human kidney microphysiological system
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Kevin A. Lidberg, Kendan Jones-Isaac, Jade Yang, Jacelyn Bain, Lu Wang, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Justina Calamia, Kenneth E. Thummel, Catherine K. Yeung, Stefanie Countryman, Paul Koenig, Jonathan Himmelfarb, and Edward J. Kelly
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Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Physiology ,QP1-981 - Abstract
Abstract The microgravity environment aboard the International Space Station (ISS) provides a unique stressor that can help understand underlying cellular and molecular drivers of pathological changes observed in astronauts with the ultimate goals of developing strategies to enable long- term spaceflight and better treatment of diseases on Earth. We used this unique environment to evaluate the effects of microgravity on kidney proximal tubule epithelial cell (PTEC) response to serum exposure and vitamin D biotransformation capacity. To test if microgravity alters the pathologic response of the proximal tubule to serum exposure, we treated PTECs cultured in a microphysiological system (PT-MPS) with human serum and measured biomarkers of toxicity and inflammation (KIM-1 and IL-6) and conducted global transcriptomics via RNAseq on cells undergoing flight (microgravity) and respective controls (ground). Given the profound bone loss observed in microgravity and PTECs produce the active form of vitamin D, we treated 3D cultured PTECs with 25(OH)D3 (vitamin D) and monitored vitamin D metabolite formation, conducted global transcriptomics via RNAseq, and evaluated transcript expression of CYP27B1, CYP24A1, or CYP3A5 in PTECs undergoing flight (microgravity) and respective ground controls. We demonstrated that microgravity neither altered PTEC metabolism of vitamin D nor did it induce a unique response of PTECs to human serum, suggesting that these fundamental biochemical pathways in the kidney proximal tubule are not significantly altered by short-term exposure to microgravity. Given the prospect of extended spaceflight, more study is needed to determine if these responses are consistent with extended (>6 months) exposure to microgravity.
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- 2024
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3. Challenges and Opportunities for the Clinical Translation of Spatial Transcriptomics Technologies
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Kelly D. Smith, David K. Prince, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, and Shreeram Akilesh
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kidney biopsy ,kidney pathology ,spatial transcriptomics ,gene expression ,clinical translation ,glomerular diseases ,precision medicine ,Diseases of the endocrine glands. Clinical endocrinology ,RC648-665 - Abstract
Background: The first spatially resolved transcriptomics platforms, GeoMx (Nanostring) and Visium (10x Genomics) were launched in 2019 and were recognized as the method of the year by Nature Methods in 2020. The subsequent refinement and expansion of these and other technologies to increase -plex, work with formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue, and analyze protein in addition to gene expression have only added to their significance and impact on the biomedical sciences. In this perspective, we focus on two platforms for spatial transcriptomics, GeoMx and Visium, and how these platforms have been used to provide novel insight into kidney disease. The choice of platform will depend largely on experimental questions and design. The application of these technologies to clinically sourced biopsies presents the opportunity to identify specific tissue biomarkers that help define disease etiology and more precisely target therapeutic interventions in the future. Summary: In this review, we provide a description of the existing and emerging technologies that can be used to capture spatially resolved gene and protein expression data from tissue. These technologies have provided new insight into the spatial heterogeneity of diseases, how reactions to disease are distributed within a tissue, which cells are affected, and molecular pathways that predict disease and response to therapy. Key Message: The upcoming years will see intense use of spatial transcriptomics technologies to better define the pathophysiology of kidney diseases and develop novel diagnostic tests to guide personalized treatments for patients.
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- 2024
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4. Whole genome methylation and transcriptome analyses to identify risk for cerebral palsy (CP) in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGAN)
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An N. Massaro, Theo K. Bammler, James W. MacDonald, Krystle M. Perez, Bryan Comstock, and Sandra E. Juul
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Preterm birth remains the leading identifiable risk factor for cerebral palsy (CP), a devastating form of motor impairment due to developmental brain injury occurring around the time of birth. We performed genome wide methylation and whole transcriptome analyses to elucidate the early pathogenesis of CP in extremely low gestational age neonates (ELGANs). We evaluated peripheral blood cell specimens collected during a randomized trial of erythropoietin for neuroprotection in the ELGAN (PENUT Trial, NCT# 01378273). DNA methylation data were generated from 94 PENUT subjects (n = 47 CP vs. n = 47 Control) on day 1 and 14 of life. Gene expression data were generated from a subset of 56 subjects. Only one differentially methylated region was identified for the day 1 to 14 change between CP versus no CP, without evidence for differential gene expression of the associated gene RNA Pseudouridine Synthase Domain Containing 2. iPathwayGuide meta-analyses identified a relevant upregulation of JAK1 expression in the setting of decreased methylation that was observed in control subjects but not CP subjects. Evaluation of whole transcriptome data identified several top pathways of potential clinical relevance including thermogenesis, ferroptossis, ribosomal activity and other neurodegenerative conditions that differentiated CP from controls.
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- 2021
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5. Epigenome-wide analysis of long-term air pollution exposure and DNA methylation in monocytes: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
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Gloria C. Chi, Yongmei Liu, James W. MacDonald, Lindsay M. Reynolds, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, Kathleen F. Kerr, Matthew J. Budoff, Su-In Lee, David Siscovick, and Joel D. Kaufman
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air pollution ,fine particulate matter ,oxides of nitrogen ,dna methylation ,gene expression ,Genetics ,QH426-470 - Abstract
Air pollution might affect atherosclerosis through DNA methylation changes in cells crucial to atherosclerosis, such as monocytes. We conducted an epigenome-wide study of DNA methylation in CD14+ monocytes and long-term ambient air pollution exposure in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We also assessed the association between differentially methylated signals and cis-gene expression. Using spatiotemporal models, one-year average concentrations of outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and oxides of nitrogen (NOX) were estimated at participants’ homes. We assessed DNA methylation and gene expression using Illumina 450k and HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChips, respectively (n = 1,207). We used bump hunting and site-specific approaches to identify differentially methylated signals (false discovery rate of 0.05) and used linear models to assess associations between differentially methylated signals and cis-gene expression. Four differentially methylated regions (DMRs) located on chromosomes 5, 6, 7, and 16 (within or near SDHAP3, ZFP57, HOXA5, and PRM1, respectively) were associated with PM2.5. The DMRs on chromosomes 5 and 6 also associated with NOX. The DMR on chromosome 5 had the smallest p-value for both PM2.5 (p = 1.4×10−6) and NOX (p = 7.7×10−6). Three differentially methylated CpGs were identified for PM2.5, and cg05926640 (near TOMM20) had the smallest p-value (p = 5.6×10−8). NOX significantly associated with cg11756214 within ZNF347 (p = 5.6×10−8). Several differentially methylated signals were also associated with cis-gene expression. The DMR located on chromosome 7 was associated with the expression of HOXA5, HOXA9, and HOXA10. The DMRs located on chromosomes 5 and 16 were associated with expression of MRPL36 and DEXI, respectively. The CpG cg05926640 was associated with expression of ARID4B, IRF2BP2, and TOMM20. We identified differential DNA methylation in monocytes associated with long-term air pollution exposure. Methylation signals associated with gene expression might help explain how air pollution contributes to cardiovascular disease.
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- 2022
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6. Spiny mice activate unique transcriptional programs after severe kidney injury regenerating organ function without fibrosis
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Daryl M. Okamura, Chris M. Brewer, Paul Wakenight, Nadia Bahrami, Kristina Bernardi, Amy Tran, Jill Olson, Xiaogang Shi, Szu-Ying Yeh, Adrian Piliponsky, Sarah J. Collins, Elizabeth D. Nguyen, Andrew E. Timms, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Branden R. Nelson, Kathleen J. Millen, David R. Beier, and Mark W. Majesky
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Animal physiology ,Molecular biology ,Developmental biology ,Science - Abstract
Summary: Fibrosis-driven solid organ failure is an enormous burden on global health. Spiny mice (Acomys) are terrestrial mammals that can regenerate severe skin wounds without scars to avoid predation. Whether spiny mice also regenerate internal organ injuries is unknown. Here, we show that despite equivalent acute obstructive or ischemic kidney injury, spiny mice fully regenerate nephron structure and organ function without fibrosis, whereas C57Bl/6 or CD1 mice progress to complete organ failure with extensive renal fibrosis. Two mechanisms for vertebrate regeneration have been proposed that emphasize either extrinsic (pro-regenerative macrophages) or intrinsic (surviving cells of the organ itself) controls. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the Acomys genome appears poised at the time of injury to initiate regeneration by surviving kidney cells, whereas macrophage accumulation was not detected until about day 7. Thus, we provide evidence for rapid activation of a gene expression signature for regenerative wound healing in the spiny mouse kidney.
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- 2021
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7. In utero exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with alterations in neonatal cardiomyocyte transcription, DNA methylation and metabolic perturbation
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Jamie M. Goodson, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Wei-Ming Chien, and Michael T. Chin
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Diesel ,PM2.5 ,Transcription ,DNA methylation ,Metabolism ,Toxicology. Poisons ,RA1190-1270 ,Industrial hygiene. Industrial welfare ,HD7260-7780.8 - Abstract
Abstract Background Developmental exposure to particulate matter air pollution is harmful to cardiovascular health, but the mechanisms by which this exposure mediates susceptibility to heart disease is poorly understood. We have previously shown, in a mouse model, that gestational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) results in increased cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and susceptibility to heart failure in the adult offspring following transverse aortic constriction. Results In this study, we have analyzed gene expression in neonatal cardiomyocytes after gestational exposure by RNA-sequencing and have identified 300 genes that are dysregulated, including many involved in cardiac metabolism. We subsequently determined that these cardiomyocytes exhibit reduced metabolic activity as measured by Seahorse extracellular flux analysis. We also surveyed for modifications in DNA methylation at global regulatory regions using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and found hypomethylation of DNA in neonatal cardiomyocytes isolated from in utero DE exposed neonates. Conclusion We have demonstrated that in utero exposure to diesel exhaust alters the neonatal cardiomyocyte transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes, as well as the metabolic capability of these cells. Understanding how exposure alters the developing heart through dysregulation of gene expression, metabolism and DNA methylation is vital for identifying therapeutic interventions for air pollution-related heart failure.
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- 2019
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8. Human Organ-Specific Endothelial Cell Heterogeneity
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Raluca Marcu, Yoon Jung Choi, Jun Xue, Chelsea L. Fortin, Yuliang Wang, Ryan J. Nagao, Jin Xu, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Charles E. Murry, Kimberly Muczynski, Kelly R. Stevens, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Stephen M. Schwartz, and Ying Zheng
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Science - Abstract
Summary: The endothelium first forms in the blood islands in the extra-embryonic yolk sac and then throughout the embryo to establish circulatory networks that further acquire organ-specific properties during development to support diverse organ functions. Here, we investigated the properties of endothelial cells (ECs), isolated from four human major organs—the heart, lung, liver, and kidneys—in individual fetal tissues at three months' gestation, at gene expression, and at cellular function levels. We showed that organ-specific ECs have distinct expression patterns of gene clusters, which support their specific organ development and functions. These ECs displayed distinct barrier properties, angiogenic potential, and metabolic rate and support specific organ functions. Our findings showed the link between human EC heterogeneity and organ development and can be exploited therapeutically to contribute in organ regeneration, disease modeling, as well as guiding differentiation of tissue-specific ECs from human pluripotent stem cells. : Stem Cells Research; Developmental Biology; Biology of Human Development Subject Areas: Stem Cells Research, Developmental Biology, Biology of Human Development
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- 2018
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9. α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Modulates Ovine Fetal Brain Astrocytes Transcriptome in Response to Endotoxin
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Mingju Cao, James W. MacDonald, Hai L. Liu, Molly Weaver, Marina Cortes, Lucien D. Durosier, Patrick Burns, Gilles Fecteau, André Desrochers, Jay Schulkin, Marta C. Antonelli, Raphael A. Bernier, Michael Dorschner, Theo K. Bammler, and Martin G. Frasch
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neuroinflammation ,LPS ,CHRNA7 ,RNAseq ,astrocyte ,microglia ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Neuroinflammation in utero may result in lifelong neurological disabilities. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in this process, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. No early postnatal treatment strategies exist to enhance neuroprotective potential of astrocytes. We hypothesized that agonism on α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) in fetal astrocytes will augment their neuroprotective transcriptome profile, while the inhibition of α7nAChR will achieve the opposite. Using an in vivo–in vitro model of developmental programming of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we validated this hypothesis in primary fetal sheep astrocytes cultures re-exposed to LPS in the presence of a selective α7nAChR agonist or antagonist. Our RNAseq findings show that a pro-inflammatory astrocyte transcriptome phenotype acquired in vitro by LPS stimulation is reversed with α7nAChR agonistic stimulation. Conversely, α7nAChR inhibition potentiates the pro-inflammatory astrocytic transcriptome phenotype. Furthermore, we conducted a secondary transcriptome analysis against the identical α7nAChR experiments in fetal sheep primary microglia cultures. Similar to findings in fetal microglia, in fetal astrocytes we observed a memory effect of in vivo exposure to inflammation, expressed in a perturbation of the iron homeostasis signaling pathway (hemoxygenase 1, HMOX1), which persisted under pre-treatment with α7nAChR antagonist but was reversed with α7nAChR agonist. For both glia cell types, common pathways activated due to LPS included neuroinflammation signaling and NF-κB signaling in some, but not all comparisons. However, overall, the overlap on the level of signaling pathways was rather minimal. Astrocytes, not microglia—the primary immune cells of the brain, were characterized by unique inhibition patterns of STAT3 pathway due to agonistic stimulation of α7nAChR prior to LPS exposure. Lastly, we discuss the implications of our findings for fetal and postnatal brain development.
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- 2019
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10. The Epigenetic Factor Landscape of Developing Neocortex Is Regulated by Transcription Factors Pax6→ Tbr2→ Tbr1
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Gina E. Elsen, Francesco Bedogni, Rebecca D. Hodge, Theo K. Bammler, James W. MacDonald, Susan Lindtner, John L. R. Rubenstein, and Robert F. Hevner
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cortical development ,polycomb ,BAF ,NuRD ,histone acetylation ,lncRNA ,Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry ,RC321-571 - Abstract
Epigenetic factors (EFs) regulate multiple aspects of cerebral cortex development, including proliferation, differentiation, laminar fate, and regional identity. The same neurodevelopmental processes are also regulated by transcription factors (TFs), notably the Pax6→ Tbr2→ Tbr1 cascade expressed sequentially in radial glial progenitors (RGPs), intermediate progenitors, and postmitotic projection neurons, respectively. Here, we studied the EF landscape and its regulation in embryonic mouse neocortex. Microarray and in situ hybridization assays revealed that many EF genes are expressed in specific cortical cell types, such as intermediate progenitors, or in rostrocaudal gradients. Furthermore, many EF genes are directly bound and transcriptionally regulated by Pax6, Tbr2, or Tbr1, as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing and gene expression analysis of TF mutant cortices. Our analysis demonstrated that Pax6, Tbr2, and Tbr1 form a direct feedforward genetic cascade, with direct feedback repression. Results also revealed that each TF regulates multiple EF genes that control DNA methylation, histone marks, chromatin remodeling, and non-coding RNA. For example, Tbr1 activates Rybp and Auts2 to promote the formation of non-canonical Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1). Also, Pax6, Tbr2, and Tbr1 collectively drive massive changes in the subunit isoform composition of BAF chromatin remodeling complexes during differentiation: for example, a novel switch from Bcl7c (Baf40c) to Bcl7a (Baf40a), the latter directly activated by Tbr2. Of 11 subunits predominantly in neuronal BAF, 7 were transcriptionally activated by Pax6, Tbr2, or Tbr1. Using EFs, Pax6→ Tbr2→ Tbr1 effect persistent changes of gene expression in cell lineages, to propagate features such as regional and laminar identity from progenitors to neurons.
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- 2018
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11. Associations of prenatal exposure to NO2 and near roadway residence with placental gene expression
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Michael R. Hussey, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Christine T. Loftus, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Alison G. Paquette, Carmen J. Marsit, Adam A. Szpiro, Joel D. Kaufman, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Nicole R. Bush, Frances Tylavsky, Qi Zhao, Catherine J. Karr, and Sheela Sathyanarayana
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Reproductive Medicine ,Obstetrics and Gynecology ,Developmental Biology - Published
- 2023
12. Mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate induces transcriptomic changes in placental cells based on concentration, fetal sex, and trophoblast cell type
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Samantha Lapehn, Scott Houghtaling, Kylia Ahuna, Leena Kadam, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Leslie Myatt, Sheela Sathyanarayana, and Alison G. Paquette
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Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,General Medicine ,Toxicology - Abstract
Phthalates are ubiquitous plasticizer chemicals found in consumer products. Exposure to phthalates during pregnancy has been associated with adverse pregnancy and birth outcomes and differences in placental gene expression in human studies. The objective of this research was to evaluate global changes in placental gene expression via RNA sequencing in two placental cell models following exposure to the phthalate metabolite mono(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP). HTR-8/SVneo and primary syncytiotrophoblast cells were exposed to three concentrations (1, 90, 180 µM) of MEHP for 24 h with DMSO (0.1%) as a vehicle control. mRNA and lncRNAs were quantified using paired-end RNA sequencing, followed by identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs), significant KEGG pathways, and enriched transcription factors (TFs). MEHP caused gene expression changes across all concentrations for HTR-8/SVneo and primary syncytiotrophoblast cells. Sex-stratified analysis of primary cells identified different patterns of sensitivity in response to MEHP dose by sex, with male placentas being more responsive to MEHP exposure. Pathway analysis identified 11 KEGG pathways significantly associated with at least one concentration in both cell types. Four ligand-inducible nuclear hormone TFs (PPARG, PPARD, ESR1, AR) were enriched in at least three treatment groups. Overall, we demonstrated that MEHP differentially affects placental gene expression based on concentration, fetal sex, and trophoblast cell type. This study confirms prior studies, as enrichment of nuclear hormone receptor TFs were concordant with previously published mechanisms of phthalate disruption, and generates new hypotheses, as we identified many pathways and genes not previously linked to phthalate exposure.
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- 2023
13. Temporal changes in the brain lipidome during neurodevelopment of Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome mice
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Amy Li, Kelly M. Hines, Dylan H. Ross, James W. MacDonald, and Libin Xu
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Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors ,Brain ,Biochemistry ,Lipids ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome ,Mice ,Cholesterol ,Lipidomics ,Electrochemistry ,Environmental Chemistry ,Animals ,lipids (amino acids, peptides, and proteins) ,Spectroscopy - Abstract
Neurodevelopment is an intricately orchestrated program of cellular events that occurs with tight temporal and spatial regulation. While it is known that the development and proper functioning of the brain, which is the second most lipid rich organ behind adipose tissue, greatly rely on lipid metabolism and signaling, the temporal lipidomic changes that occur throughout the course of neurodevelopment have not been investigated. Smith-Lemli-Opitz syndrome is a metabolic disorder caused by genetic mutations in the DHCR7 gene, leading to defective 3β-hydroxysterol-Δ(7)-reductase (DHCR7), the enzyme that catalyzes the last step of cholesterol synthesis. Due to the close regulatory relationship between sterol and lipid homeostasis, we hypothesize that altered or dysregulated lipid metabolism beyond the primary defect of cholesterol biosynthesis is present in the pathophysiology of SLOS. Herein, we applied our HILIC-IM-MS method and LiPydomics Python package to streamline an untargeted lipidomics analysis of developing mouse brains in both wild-type and Dhcr7-KO mice. We compared relative lipid levels throughout development, from embryonic day 12.5 to postnatal day 0 and identified differentially expressed brain lipids between wild-type and Dhcr7-KO mice at specific developmental time points, revealing lipid metabolic pathways that are affected in SLOS beyond the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, such as glycerolipid, glycerophospholipid, and sphingolipid metabolism. Implications of the altered lipid metabolic pathways in SLOS pathophysiology are discussed.
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- 2023
14. Unique basophil microRNA signature in chronic spontaneous urticaria patients who respond to omalizumab
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Taha Al-Shaikhly, James W. MacDonald, William R. Henderson, Matthew C. Altman, Stephen A. Tilles, Andrew G. Ayars, Theo K. Bammler, and Daniel Petroni
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Urticaria ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Omalizumab ,Basophil ,Basophils ,MicroRNAs ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Anti-Allergic Agents ,Chronic Disease ,microRNA ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Chronic Urticaria ,business ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2021
15. Neonatal Exposure to BPA, BDE-99, and PCB Produces Persistent Changes in Hepatic Transcriptome Associated With Gut Dysbiosis in Adult Mouse Livers
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Joe Jongpyo Lim, Haiwei Gu, Moumita Dutta, Terrance J. Kavanagh, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Joseph L. Dempsey, Cheryl L. Walker, Hans-Joachim Lehmler, Julia Yue Cui, and Sridhar Mani
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Adult ,Male ,Physiology ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Transcriptome ,Mice ,Polybrominated diphenyl ethers ,Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Epigenetics ,Microbiome ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Polychlorinated Biphenyls ,Environmental Toxicology ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Liver ,Dysbiosis ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,Liver cancer ,Toxicogenomics ,Akkermansia muciniphila - Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that complex diseases can result from early life exposure to environmental toxicants. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and remain a continuing risk to human health despite being banned from production. Developmental BPA exposure mediated-adult onset of liver cancer via epigenetic reprogramming mechanisms has been identified. Here, we investigated whether the gut microbiome and liver can be persistently reprogrammed following neonatal exposure to POPs, and the associations between microbial biomarkers and disease-prone changes in the hepatic transcriptome in adulthood, compared with BPA. C57BL/6 male and female mouse pups were orally administered vehicle, BPA, BDE-99 (a breast milk-enriched PBDE congener), or the Fox River PCB mixture (PCBs), once daily for three consecutive days (postnatal days [PND] 2–4). Tissues were collected at PND5 and PND60. Among the three chemicals investigated, early life exposure to BDE-99 produced the most prominent developmental reprogramming of the gut-liver axis, including hepatic inflammatory and cancer-prone signatures. In adulthood, neonatal BDE-99 exposure resulted in a persistent increase in Akkermansia muciniphila throughout the intestine, accompanied by increased hepatic levels of acetate and succinate, the known products of A. muciniphila. In males, this was positively associated with permissive epigenetic marks H3K4me1 and H3K27, which were enriched in loci near liver cancer-related genes that were dysregulated following neonatal exposure to BDE-99. Our findings provide novel insights that early life exposure to POPs can have a life-long impact on disease risk, which may partly be regulated by the gut microbiome.
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- 2021
16. Prolonged, Low-Level Exposure to the Marine Toxin, Domoic Acid, and Measures of Neurotoxicity in Nonhuman Primates
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Rebekah L. Petroff, Christopher Williams, Jian-Liang Li, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, Todd Richards, Christopher N. English, Audrey Baldessari, Sara Shum, Jing Jing, Nina Isoherranen, Brenda Crouthamel, Noelle McKain, Kimberly S. Grant, Thomas M. Burbacher, and G. Jean Harry
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Macaca fascicularis ,Kainic Acid ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Female ,Marine Toxins ,Neurotoxicity Syndromes - Abstract
The excitotoxic molecule, domoic acid (DA), is a marine algal toxin known to induce overt hippocampal neurotoxicity. Recent experimental and epidemiological studies suggest adverse neurological effects at exposure levels near the current regulatory limit (20 ppm,This study aimed to identify adverse effects on the nervous system from prolonged, dietary DA exposure in adult, femaleMonkeys were orally exposed to 0, 0.075, andClinical blood counts, chemistry, and cytokine levels were not altered with DA exposure in nonhuman primates. Transcriptome analysis of the hippocampus yielded 748 differentially expressed genes (In the absence of overt hippocampal excitotoxicity, chronic exposure of
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- 2022
17. Extracellular vesicle microRNAs as predictors of response to omalizumab in chronic spontaneous urticaria
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Daniel Petroni, Stephen A. Tilles, William R. Henderson, James W. MacDonald, Matthew C. Altman, Andrew G. Ayars, Theo K. Bammler, and Taha Al-Shaikhly
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Urticaria ,business.industry ,Immunology ,Treatment outcome ,Omalizumab ,Extracellular vesicle ,Extracellular vesicles ,Extracellular Vesicles ,MicroRNAs ,Treatment Outcome ,Chronic disease ,Anti-Allergic Agents ,Chronic Disease ,microRNA ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Chronic Urticaria ,business ,Chronic urticaria ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2020
18. Ancestry-specific maps of GRCh38 linkage disequilibrium blocks for human genome research
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James W. MacDonald, Tabitha A. Harrison, Theo K. Bammler, Nicholas Mancuso, and Sara Lindström
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A map of approximately independent linkage disequilibrium (LD) blocks has many uses in statistical genetics. Current publicly available LD block maps are based on sparse recombination maps and are only available for GRCh37 (hg19) and prior genome assemblies. We generated LD blocks in GRCh38 coordinates for African (AFR), East Asian (EAS), European (EUR) and South Asian (SAS) ancestry populations. These new maps consist of 1,143 (EAS) - 1,604 (AFR) independent LD blocks across the 22 autosomal chromosomes and can be accessed athttps://github.com/jmacdon/LDblocks_GRCh38.
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- 2022
19. Maternal-fetal Stress and Dna Methylation Signatures in Neonatal Saliva: an Epigenome-wide Association Study
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Ritika, Sharma, Martin G, Frasch, Camila, Zelgert, Peter, Zimmermann, Bibiana, Fabre, Rory, Wilson, Melanie, Waldenberger, James W, MacDonald, Theo K, Bammler, Silvia M, Lobmaier, and Marta C, Antonelli
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Hydrocortisone ,Infant, Newborn ,Vesicular Transport Proteins ,Infant ,DNA Methylation ,Epigenome ,Fetal Diseases ,Pregnancy ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Genetics ,Humans ,Female ,Child ,Saliva ,Molecular Biology ,Biomarkers ,Genetics (clinical) ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Background Maternal stress before, during and after pregnancy has profound effects on the development and lifelong function of the infant’s neurocognitive development. We hypothesized that the programming of the central nervous system (CNS), hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and autonomic nervous system (ANS) induced by prenatal stress (PS) is reflected in electrophysiological and epigenetic biomarkers. In this study, we aimed to find noninvasive epigenetic biomarkers of PS in the newborn salivary DNA. Results A total of 728 pregnant women were screened for stress exposure using Cohen Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), 164 women were enrolled, and 114 dyads were analyzed. Prenatal Distress Questionnaire (PDQ) was also administered to assess specific pregnancy worries. Transabdominal fetal electrocardiograms (taECG) were recorded to derive coupling between maternal and fetal heart rates resulting in a ‘Fetal Stress Index’ (FSI). Upon delivery, we collected maternal hair strands for cortisol measurements and newborn’s saliva for epigenetic analyses. DNA was extracted from saliva samples, and DNA methylation was measured using EPIC BeadChip array (850 k CpG sites). Linear regression was used to identify associations between PSS/PDQ/FSI/Cortisol and DNA methylation. We found epigenome-wide significant associations for 5 CpG with PDQ and cortisol at FDR YAP1, TOMM20 and CSMD1, and two CpGs were located approximately lay at 50 kb from SSBP4 and SCAMP1. In addition, two differentiated methylation regions (DMR) related to maternal stress measures PDQ and cortisol were found: DAXX and ARL4D. Conclusions Genes annotated to these CpGs were found to be involved in secretion and transportation, nuclear signaling, Hippo signaling pathways, apoptosis, intracellular trafficking and neuronal signaling. Moreover, some CpGs are annotated to genes related to autism, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and schizophrenia. However, our results should be viewed as hypothesis generating until replicated in a larger sample. Early assessment of such noninvasive PS biomarkers will allow timelier detection of babies at risk and a more effective allocation of resources for early intervention programs to improve child development. A biomarker-guided early intervention strategy is the first step in the prevention of future health problems, reducing their personal and societal impact.
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- 2022
20. Transcriptome data of temporal and cingulate cortex in the Rett syndrome brain
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Pat Levitt, Jennifer Herstein, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Andrew E. Timms, James W. MacDonald, James A. Knowles, Oleg V. Evgrafov, Theo K. Bammler, and Hanna K. McNamara
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Statistics and Probability ,Cingulate cortex ,Data Descriptor ,Rett syndrome ,Library and Information Sciences ,Biology ,Gyrus Cinguli ,Education ,MECP2 ,Transcriptome ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Neurodevelopmental disorder ,Genetics research ,Cadaver ,Rett Syndrome ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:Science ,Gene ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,Sequence Analysis, RNA ,Brain ,Human brain ,Autism spectrum disorders ,medicine.disease ,Temporal Lobe ,Paediatric neurological disorders ,Computer Science Applications ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cerebral cortex ,Female ,lcsh:Q ,Gene expression ,Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Information Systems - Abstract
Rett syndrome is an X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder caused by mutation in the methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 gene (MECP2) in the majority of cases. We describe an RNA sequencing dataset of postmortem brain tissue samples from four females clinically diagnosed with Rett syndrome and four age-matched female donors. The dataset contains 16 transcriptomes, including two brain regions, temporal and cingulate cortex, for each individual. We compared our dataset with published transcriptomic analyses of postmortem brain tissue from Rett syndrome and found consistent gene expression alterations among regions of the cerebral cortex. Our data provide a valuable resource to explore the biology of the human brain in Rett syndrome., Measurement(s)transcriptome • RNATechnology Type(s)RNA sequencingFactor Type(s)Rett syndrome brain versus control brain • brain regions (temporal cortex and cingulate cortex)Sample Characteristic - OrganismHomo sapiens Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: 10.6084/m9.figshare.12383291
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- 2020
21. Spiny mice activate unique transcriptional programs after severe kidney injury regenerating organ function without fibrosis
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Sarah J. Collins, Kristina Bernardi, Szu-Ying Yeh, Daryl M. Okamura, Elizabeth Dong Nguyen, Mark W. Majesky, Theo K. Bammler, Amy Tran, James W. MacDonald, Jill Olson, Adrian M. Piliponsky, David R. Beier, Xiaogang Shi, Branden R. Nelson, Nadia Bahrami, Andrew E. Timms, Kathleen J. Millen, Chris M. Brewer, and Paul Wakenight
- Subjects
Kidney ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Multidisciplinary ,Molecular biology ,Regeneration (biology) ,Science ,Scars ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Article ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Spiny mouse ,Fibrosis ,Animal physiology ,Developmental biology ,medicine ,Renal fibrosis ,Solid organ ,medicine.symptom ,Wound healing - Abstract
Summary Fibrosis-driven solid organ failure is an enormous burden on global health. Spiny mice (Acomys) are terrestrial mammals that can regenerate severe skin wounds without scars to avoid predation. Whether spiny mice also regenerate internal organ injuries is unknown. Here, we show that despite equivalent acute obstructive or ischemic kidney injury, spiny mice fully regenerate nephron structure and organ function without fibrosis, whereas C57Bl/6 or CD1 mice progress to complete organ failure with extensive renal fibrosis. Two mechanisms for vertebrate regeneration have been proposed that emphasize either extrinsic (pro-regenerative macrophages) or intrinsic (surviving cells of the organ itself) controls. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that the Acomys genome appears poised at the time of injury to initiate regeneration by surviving kidney cells, whereas macrophage accumulation was not detected until about day 7. Thus, we provide evidence for rapid activation of a gene expression signature for regenerative wound healing in the spiny mouse kidney., Graphical abstract, Highlights • Acomys fully regenerate kidney structure and function without fibrosis after injury • Unique gene clusters rapidly activated in surviving cells align with regeneration • Acomys genome appears poised at the time of kidney injury to initiate regeneration, Animal physiology; Molecular biology; Developmental biology
- Published
- 2021
22. A Comprehensive Assessment of Associations between Prenatal Phthalate Exposure and the Placental Transcriptomic Landscape
- Author
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Samantha Lapehn, Nathan D. Price, Nicole R. Bush, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Catherine J. Karr, Alison Paquette, Christine T. Loftus, Drew B. Day, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Theo K. Bammler, Carmen J. Marsit, Laken Kruger, Bhagwat Prasad, Kaja Z. LeWinn, James W. MacDonald, and W. Alex Mason
- Subjects
Pediatric Research Initiative ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Placenta ,Pregnancy Trimester, Third ,Population ,Phthalic Acids ,Physiology ,Reproductive health and childbirth ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Medical and Health Sciences ,Transcriptome ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Clinical Research ,Pregnancy ,Genetics ,Humans ,Conditions Affecting the Embryonic and Fetal Periods ,education ,Child ,Third ,Pediatric ,Fetus ,education.field_of_study ,Research ,Human Genome ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Phthalate ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Environmental Exposure ,Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period ,Newborn ,chemistry ,Maternal Exposure ,Environmental Pollutants ,Female ,Pregnancy Trimester ,Environmental Sciences - Abstract
Background: Phthalates are commonly used endocrine-disrupting chemicals that are ubiquitous in the general population. Prenatal phthalate exposure may alter placental physiology and fetal development, leading to adverse perinatal and childhood health outcomes. Objective: We examined associations between prenatal phthalate exposure in the second and third trimesters and the placental transcriptome at birth, including genes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), to gain insight into potential mechanisms of action during fetal development. Methods: The ECHO PATHWAYs consortium quantified 21 urinary phthalate metabolites from 760 women enrolled in the CANDLE study (Shelby County, TN) using high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Placental transcriptomic data were obtained using paired-end RNA sequencing. Linear models were fitted to estimate separate associations between maternal urinary phthalate metabolite concentration during the second and third trimester and placental gene expression at birth, adjusted for confounding variables. Genes were considered differentially expressed at a Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate (FDR) p
- Published
- 2021
23. Associations of prenatal exposure to NO2 and near roadway residence with placental gene expression
- Author
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Nicole R. Bush, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Michael R. Hussey, Alison Paquette, Theo K. Bammler, Adam A. Szpiro, James W. MacDonald, Christine T. Loftus, and Catherine J. Karr
- Subjects
Andrology ,Gene expression ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Residence ,Biology ,Prenatal exposure ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2021
24. Associations of plasma miRNAs with waist circumference and insulin resistance among women with polycystic ovary syndrome – Pilot study
- Author
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Pandora L. Wander, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Theo K. Bammler, James W. MacDonald, Sengkeo Srinouanprachanh, Thanmai Kaleru, Dori Khakpour, and Subbulaxmi Trikudanathan
- Subjects
MicroRNAs ,Endocrinology ,Obesity, Abdominal ,Humans ,Female ,Pilot Projects ,Obesity ,Insulin Resistance ,Waist Circumference ,Molecular Biology ,Biochemistry ,Epigenesis, Genetic ,Polycystic Ovary Syndrome - Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) and central obesity are common in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but pathomechanisms for IR in PCOS are not established. Circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-invasive biomarkers of epigenetic regulation that may contribute to the pathogenesis of IR and central adiposity in PCOS.We conducted a pilot study to examine associations of circulating miRNAs with IR and central adiposity among women with PCOS (n = 11) using high-throughput miRNA sequencing. We fit generalized linear models examining associations of waist circumference and HOMA-IR with plasma miRNAs. We used false discovery rate (FDR)-adjusted cutoff p 0.1 to correct for multiple testing. We used miRDB's Gene Ontology (GO) tool to identify predicted pathways for top hits.Mean age and BMI of participants were 27.9 years and 32.5 kg/mPlasma miR-1294 along with members of the miR-17/92 cluster and miRNAs involved in insulin signaling may be associated with central obesity and insulin resistance in PCOS. Larger studies among women with and without PCOS are needed to validate these findings.
- Published
- 2022
25. Dried blood spot compared to plasma measurements of blood-based biomarkers of brain injury in neonatal encephalopathy
- Author
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Sandra E. Juul, Taeun Chang, Yvonne W. Wu, An N. Massaro, Sarah B. Mulkey, Krisa P. Van Meurs, Amit M. Mathur, Dennis E. Mayock, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, and Zahra Afsharinejad
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Context (language use) ,Neuroprotection ,Gastroenterology ,Infant, Newborn, Diseases ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Prospective Studies ,Erythropoietin ,Dried Blood Spot Testing ,business.industry ,Neonatal encephalopathy ,Infant, Newborn ,Brain ,Infant ,Interleukin ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,nervous system diseases ,Dried blood spot ,Treatment Outcome ,surgical procedures, operative ,Brain Injuries ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers ,Follow-Up Studies ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Data correlating dried blood spots (DBS) and plasma concentrations for neonatal biomarkers of brain injury are lacking. We hypothesized that candidate biomarker levels determined from DBS can serve as a reliable surrogate for plasma levels. In the context of a phase II multi-center trial evaluating erythropoietin for neuroprotection in neonatal encephalopathy (NE), DBS were collected at enrollment (
- Published
- 2019
26. Elevated CO 2 impairs olfactory‐mediated neural and behavioral responses and gene expression in ocean‐phase coho salmon ( Oncorhynchus kisutch )
- Author
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D. Shallin Busch, Chase R. Williams, Theo K. Bammler, Andrew H. Dittman, James W. MacDonald, Evan P. Gallagher, Paul McElhany, and Michael Maher
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,Olfactory system ,endocrine system ,Global and Planetary Change ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Ecology ,biology ,Homing (biology) ,Zoology ,Sensory system ,Olfaction ,biology.organism_classification ,010603 evolutionary biology ,01 natural sciences ,Olfactory bulb ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Odor ,medicine ,Environmental Chemistry ,Oncorhynchus ,Olfactory epithelium ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Elevated concentrations of CO2 in seawater can disrupt numerous sensory systems in marine fish. This is of particular concern for Pacific salmon because they rely on olfaction during all aspects of their life including during their homing migrations from the ocean back to their natal streams. We investigated the effects of elevated seawater CO2 on coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) olfactory-mediated behavior, neural signaling, and gene expression within the peripheral and central olfactory system. Ocean-phase coho salmon were exposed to three levels of CO2 , ranging from those currently found in ambient marine water to projected future levels. Juvenile coho salmon exposed to elevated CO2 levels for 2 weeks no longer avoided a skin extract odor that elicited avoidance responses in coho salmon maintained in ambient CO2 seawater. Exposure to these elevated CO2 levels did not alter odor signaling in the olfactory epithelium, but did induce significant changes in signaling within the olfactory bulb. RNA-Seq analysis of olfactory tissues revealed extensive disruption in expression of genes involved in neuronal signaling within the olfactory bulb of salmon exposed to elevated CO2 , with lesser impacts on gene expression in the olfactory rosettes. The disruption in olfactory bulb gene pathways included genes associated with GABA signaling and maintenance of ion balance within bulbar neurons. Our results indicate that ocean-phase coho salmon exposed to elevated CO2 can experience significant behavioral impairments likely driven by alteration in higher-order neural signal processing within the olfactory bulb. Our study demonstrates that anadromous fish such as salmon may share a sensitivity to rising CO2 levels with obligate marine species suggesting a more wide-scale ecological impact of ocean acidification.
- Published
- 2018
27. Epigenome-wide analysis of long-term air pollution exposure and DNA methylation in monocytes: results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis
- Author
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Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Kathleen F. Kerr, Su-In Lee, Annette L. Fitzpatrick, James W. MacDonald, Lindsay M. Reynolds, David S. Siscovick, Yongmei Liu, Gloria C. Chi, Joel D. Kaufman, and Matthew J. Budoff
- Subjects
Adult ,0301 basic medicine ,Aging ,Cancer Research ,Air pollution exposure ,CD14 ,Air pollution ,Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics ,Biology ,Cardiovascular ,Monocytes ,Epigenome ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Antigens, Neoplasm ,Air Pollution ,Gene expression ,Genetics ,Humans ,Climate-Related Exposures and Conditions ,Antigens ,Molecular Biology ,Air Pollutants ,DNA methylation ,Human Genome ,Environmental Exposure ,DNA Methylation ,Atherosclerosis ,Neoplasm Proteins ,030104 developmental biology ,fine particulate matter ,oxides of nitrogen ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Immunology ,gene expression ,Neoplasm ,Particulate Matter ,Biochemistry and Cell Biology ,sense organs ,Research Paper ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Air pollution might affect atherosclerosis through DNA methylation changes in cells crucial to atherosclerosis, such as monocytes. We conducted an epigenome-wide study of DNA methylation in CD14+ monocytes and long-term ambient air pollution exposure in adults participating in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). We also assessed the association between differentially methylated signals and cis-gene expression. Using spatiotemporal models, one-year average concentrations of outdoor fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and oxides of nitrogen (NOX) were estimated at participants��� homes. We assessed DNA methylation and gene expression using Illumina 450k and HumanHT-12 v4 Expression BeadChips, respectively (n = 1,207). We used bump hunting and site-specific approaches to identify differentially methylated signals (false discovery rate of 0.05) and used linear models to assess associations between differentially methylated signals and cis-gene expression. Four differentially methylated regions (DMRs) located on chromosomes 5, 6, 7, and 16 (within or near SDHAP3, ZFP57, HOXA5, and PRM1, respectively) were associated with PM2.5. The DMRs on chromosomes 5 and 6 also associated with NOX. The DMR on chromosome 5 had the smallest p-value for both PM2.5 (p = 1.4��10���6) and NOX (p = 7.7��10���6). Three differentially methylated CpGs were identified for PM2.5, and cg05926640 (near TOMM20) had the smallest p-value (p = 5.6��10���8). NOX significantly associated with cg11756214 within ZNF347 (p = 5.6��10���8). Several differentially methylated signals were also associated with cis-gene expression. The DMR located on chromosome 7 was associated with the expression of HOXA5, HOXA9, and HOXA10. The DMRs located on chromosomes 5 and 16 were associated with expression of MRPL36 and DEXI, respectively. The CpG cg05926640 was associated with expression of ARID4B, IRF2BP2, and TOMM20. We identified differential DNA methylation in monocytes associated with long-term air pollution exposure. Methylation signals associated with gene expression might help explain how air pollution contributes to cardiovascular disease.
- Published
- 2021
28. Placental Gene Transcription and Child Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes
- Author
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Carmen J. Marsit, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Nicole R. Bush, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Drew B. Day, Tylavsky F, A.R. Paquette, Kaja Z. LeWinn, James W. MacDonald, Robert Davis, and Theo K. Bammler
- Subjects
General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Cognition ,Biology ,Bioinformatics ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2020
29. Prenatal phthalate exposure is associated with changes to the placental transcriptome
- Author
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A. G. Paquette, N. Price, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Sheela Sathyanarayana, Catherine J. Karr, Christine T. Loftus, James W. MacDonald, Nicole R. Bush, Tylavsky F, Theo K. Bammler, and Drew B. Day
- Subjects
Transcriptome ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Fetus ,chemistry ,business.industry ,Phthalate ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Medicine ,Bioinformatics ,business ,Health outcomes ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Background: Phthalates disrupt processes involved in placental physiology and fetal development and are associated with a variety of adverse health outcomes in infants and children. The goal of thi...
- Published
- 2020
30. Prenatal Exposure to Particulate Matter and Placental Gene Expression
- Author
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Sheela Sathyanarayana, Catherine J. Karr, Nicole R. Bush, Theo K. Bammler, A.R. Paquette, Michael R. Hussey, Kaja Z. LeWinn, Joel D. Kaufman, Adam A. Szpiro, Christine T. Loftus, James W. MacDonald, and Daniel A. Enquobahrie
- Subjects
Andrology ,Gene expression ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Biology ,Particulates ,Prenatal exposure ,General Environmental Science - Published
- 2020
31. Short Report: Circulating microRNAs are associated with incident diabetes over 10 years in Japanese Americans
- Author
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Pandora L. Wander, Edward J. Boyko, Wilfred Y. Fujimoto, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Steven E. Kahn, Sengkeo L. Srinouanprachanh, James W. MacDonald, Theo K. Bammler, and Donna L. Leonetti
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,0301 basic medicine ,Oncology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Diabetes risk ,lcsh:Medicine ,Pilot Projects ,Article ,Pathogenesis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Diabetes mellitus ,Internal medicine ,microRNA ,Humans ,Medicine ,Endocrine system ,Circulating MicroRNA ,Epigenetics ,lcsh:Science ,Muscle, Skeletal ,Multidisciplinary ,Molecular medicine ,Asian ,business.industry ,lcsh:R ,High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,lcsh:Q ,Female ,Observational study ,Pre-diabetes ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
Epigenetic changes precede the development of diabetes by many years, providing clues to its pathogenesis. We explored whether the epigenetic markers, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs), were associated with incident diabetes in Japanese Americans. We conducted a pilot study (n = 10) using plasma from age- and sex-matched participants who did or did not develop diabetes in the Japanese American Community Diabetes Study, an observational study of diabetes risk factors. Extraction and high-throughput sequencing of miRNAs were performed using samples collected at baseline. Regression models were fit comparing circulating miRNAs (N = 1640) among individuals who did or did not develop incident diabetes at 10-year follow-up. Participants averaged 51.7 years of age at baseline; 60% were male. We identified 36 miRNAs present at different (10 higher and 26 lower) levels in individuals who developed diabetes compared to those who did not (log2fold change ≥1.25 and false discovery rate ≤5%). These included miRNAs with functions in skeletal muscle insulin metabolism (miR-106b and miR-20b-5p) and miRNAs with functions in both skeletal muscle insulin metabolism and cell cycle regulation in endocrine pancreas (miR-15a and miR-17). Circulating miRNAs were associated with subsequent development of diabetes among Japanese Americans over 10 years of follow-up. Results are preliminary. Large-scale miRNA sequencing studies could inform our understanding of diabetes pathogenesis and development of therapies, based on gene expression regulation, that target diabetes.
- Published
- 2020
32. Paraoxonase 2 deficiency in mice alters motor behavior and causes region-specific transcript changes in the brain
- Author
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Toby B. Cole, Theo K. Bammler, Judit Marsillach, Clement E. Furlong, Lucio G. Costa, Jacqueline M. Garrick, and James W. MacDonald
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cerebellum ,medicine.drug_class ,Striatum ,Motor Activity ,Biology ,Toxicology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Anxiolytic ,Article ,Mice ,Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience ,Developmental Neuroscience ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Sex Characteristics ,Behavior, Animal ,Aryldialkylphosphatase ,Brain ,Phenotype ,Corpus Striatum ,Motor coordination ,Oxidative Stress ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,Cerebral cortex ,Toxicity ,Female ,Oxidative stress - Abstract
Paraoxonase 2 (PON2) is an intracellular antioxidant enzyme shown to play an important role in mitigating oxidative stress in the brain. Oxidative stress is a common mechanism of toxicity for neurotoxicants and is increasingly implicated in the etiology of multiple neurological diseases. While PON2 deficiency increases oxidative stress in the brain in-vitro, little is known about its effects on behavior in-vivo and what global transcript changes occur from PON2 deficiency. We sought to characterize the effects of PON2 deficiency on behavior in mice, with an emphasis on locomotion, and evaluate transcriptional changes with RNA-Seq. Behavioral endpoints included home-cage behavior (Noldus PhenoTyper), motor coordination (Rotarod) and various gait metrics (Noldus CatWalk). Home-cage behavior analysis showed PON2 deficient mice had increased activity at night compared to wildtype controls and spent more time in the center of the cage, displaying a possible anxiolytic phenotype. PON2 deficient mice had significantly shorter latency to fall when tested on the rotarod, suggesting impaired motor coordination. Minimal gait alterations were observed, with decreased girdle support posture noted as the only significant change in gait with PON2 deficiency. Beyond one home-cage metric, no significant sex-based behavioral differences were found in this study. Finally, A subset of samples were utilized for RNA-Seq analysis, looking at three discrete brain regions: cerebral cortex, striatum, and cerebellum. Highly regional- and sex-specific changes in RNA expression were found when comparing PON2 deficient and wildtype mice, suggesting PON2 may play distinct regional roles in the brain in a sex-specific manner. Taken together, these findings demonstrates that PON2 deficiency significantly alters the brain on both a biochemical and phenotypic level, with a specific impact on motor function. These data have implications for future gene-environment toxicological studies and warrants further investigation of the role of PON2 in the brain.
- Published
- 2021
33. Impact of processing methods on urinary biomarkers analysis in neonates
- Author
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Zahra Afsharinejad, Dennis E. Mayock, Stuart L. Goldstein, Sandra E. Juul, James W. MacDonald, David J. Askenazi, Theo K. Bammler, Patrick D. Brophy, Michelle C. Starr, and Sangeeta Hingorani
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neonatal intensive care unit ,Urinary system ,Coefficient of variation ,Population ,030232 urology & nephrology ,Urine ,Article ,Specimen Handling ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Biomarker Analysis ,education ,education.field_of_study ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Electrochemical Techniques ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Nephrology ,Immunoassay ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,Biomarker (medicine) ,Female ,business ,Biomarkers - Abstract
In neonates, the validation of urinary biomarkers to diagnose acute kidney injury is a rapidly evolving field. The neonatal population poses unique challenges when assessing the collection, storage, and processing of urinary samples for biomarker analysis. Given this, establishing optimal and consistent sample processing in this population for meaningful use in ongoing clinical trials is important. Urine from a cohort of 19 hospitalized neonatal intensive care unit patients enrolled in the Preterm Erythropoietin Neuroprotection Trial (Clinical Trial NCT01378273) was collected for biomarker analysis by indirect techniques using Fisher-brand cotton balls placed in the diapers. Fourteen urinary biomarkers were measured using commercially available kits via electrochemiluminescence on multiarray plates and compared between paired samples processed with centrifugation prior to storage versus prior to analysis. None of the biomarker concentrations differed between samples undergoing centrifugation prior to storage versus prior to analysis. The difference between samples was within 2% of the estimated concentration for the protein in 12 of 14 biomarkers (86%), and all paired biomarker concentrations were within 4%. The percentage error analysis did not show a difference between paired samples, with biomarker percentage errors smaller than the stated immunoassay coefficient of variance. The urinary concentrations of biomarkers were comparable between paired samples, demonstrating that indirectly collected neonatal urine samples do not require centrifugation after collection and before storage. The ability to use routine urine collection and storage methods to obtain samples for subsequent quantitative immunoassay analysis should facilitate studies of newborns and young children.
- Published
- 2017
34. Genetic associations of breast and prostate cancer are enriched for regulatory elements identified in disease-related tissues
- Author
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Sara Lindström, Hongjie Chen, Theo K. Bammler, Stephanie A. Bien, Paul L. Auer, Bogdan Pasaniuc, Gleb Kichaev, Lu Wang, and James W. MacDonald
- Subjects
Male ,Aging ,Genome-wide association study ,Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid ,Prostate cancer ,2.1 Biological and endogenous factors ,Aetiology ,Genetics (clinical) ,Cancer ,Genetics & Heredity ,0303 health sciences ,Tumor ,Prostate Cancer ,030305 genetics & heredity ,Organ Specificity ,Female ,Urologic Diseases ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Breast Neoplasms ,Computational biology ,Biology ,Article ,Cell Line ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,03 medical and health sciences ,Breast cancer ,Complementary and Alternative Medicine ,Cell Line, Tumor ,LNCaP ,Breast Cancer ,medicine ,Biomarkers, Tumor ,Genetics ,SNP ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Enhancer ,Genetic Association Studies ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetic association ,Nucleic Acid ,Prevention ,Human Genome ,Prostatic Neoplasms ,Computational Biology ,Genetic Variation ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,medicine.disease ,Regulatory Sequences ,Biomarkers ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
Although genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of risk loci for breast and prostate cancer, only a few studies have characterized the GWAS association signals across functional genomic annotations with a particular focus on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in DNA regulatory elements. In this study, we investigated the enrichment pattern of GWAS signals for breast and prostate cancer in genomic functional regions located in normal tissue and cancer cell lines. We quantified the overall enrichment of SNPs with breast and prostate cancer association p values
- Published
- 2019
35. Author response: PI3K-Yap activity drives cortical gyrification and hydrocephalus in mice
- Author
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Ian A. Glass, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Rory M Murphy, Theo K. Bammler, Achira Roy, Mei Deng, Kathleen J. Millen, and James W. MacDonald
- Subjects
business.industry ,Medicine ,business ,medicine.disease ,Gyrification ,Neuroscience ,Hydrocephalus - Published
- 2019
36. PI3K-Yap activity drives cortical gyrification and hydrocephalus in mice
- Author
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Ian A. Glass, Kimberly A. Aldinger, Theo K. Bammler, Kathleen J. Millen, Rory M Murphy, Mei Deng, James W. MacDonald, and Achira Roy
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Mouse ,QH301-705.5 ,Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ,Science ,Chromosomal translocation ,Cell Cycle Proteins ,Apical cell ,Biology ,PI3K ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Epilepsy ,Mice ,0302 clinical medicine ,cortical gyrification ,medicine ,Animals ,Biology (General) ,Human Biology and Medicine ,Gyrification ,PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway ,Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,General Neuroscience ,Brain ,YAP-Signaling Proteins ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Verteporfin ,Embryonic stem cell ,3. Good health ,Hydrocephalus ,critical period ,030104 developmental biology ,Medicine ,Yap ,Research Advance ,hydrocephalus ,Neuroscience ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Mechanisms driving the initiation of brain folding are incompletely understood. We have previously characterized mouse models recapitulating human PIK3CA-related brain overgrowth, epilepsy, dysplastic gyrification and hydrocephalus (Roy et al., 2015). Using the same, highly regulatable brain-specific model, here we report PI3K-dependent mechanisms underlying gyrification of the normally smooth mouse cortex, and hydrocephalus. We demonstrate that a brief embryonic Pik3ca activation was sufficient to drive subtle changes in apical cell adhesion and subcellular Yap translocation, causing focal proliferation and subsequent initiation of the stereotypic ‘gyrification sequence’, seen in naturally gyrencephalic mammals. Treatment with verteporfin, a nuclear Yap inhibitor, restored apical surface integrity, normalized proliferation, attenuated gyrification and rescued the associated hydrocephalus, highlighting the interrelated role of regulated PI3K-Yap signaling in normal neural-ependymal development. Our data defines apical cell-adhesion as the earliest known substrate for cortical gyrification. In addition, our preclinical results support the testing of Yap-related small-molecule therapeutics for developmental hydrocephalus.
- Published
- 2019
37. In utero exposure to diesel exhaust is associated with alterations in neonatal cardiomyocyte transcription, DNA methylation and metabolic perturbation
- Author
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Michael T. Chin, Jamie M. Goodson, Theo K. Bammler, Wei-Ming Chien, and James W. MacDonald
- Subjects
Heart disease ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,lcsh:Industrial hygiene. Industrial welfare ,PM2.5 ,Biology ,Toxicology ,Andrology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Pregnancy ,lcsh:RA1190-1270 ,Gene expression ,medicine ,Animals ,Myocytes, Cardiac ,Epigenetics ,Diesel ,Vehicle Emissions ,lcsh:Toxicology. Poisons ,Inhalation Exposure ,0303 health sciences ,DNA methylation ,Research ,030311 toxicology ,General Medicine ,Methylation ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Mice, Inbred C57BL ,Metabolism ,Animals, Newborn ,Maternal Exposure ,13. Climate action ,In utero ,Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects ,Heart failure ,Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing ,Metabolome ,Female ,Particulate Matter ,Transcriptome ,Transcription ,lcsh:HD7260-7780.8 - Abstract
Background Developmental exposure to particulate matter air pollution is harmful to cardiovascular health, but the mechanisms by which this exposure mediates susceptibility to heart disease is poorly understood. We have previously shown, in a mouse model, that gestational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) results in increased cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and susceptibility to heart failure in the adult offspring following transverse aortic constriction. Results In this study, we have analyzed gene expression in neonatal cardiomyocytes after gestational exposure by RNA-sequencing and have identified 300 genes that are dysregulated, including many involved in cardiac metabolism. We subsequently determined that these cardiomyocytes exhibit reduced metabolic activity as measured by Seahorse extracellular flux analysis. We also surveyed for modifications in DNA methylation at global regulatory regions using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing and found hypomethylation of DNA in neonatal cardiomyocytes isolated from in utero DE exposed neonates. Conclusion We have demonstrated that in utero exposure to diesel exhaust alters the neonatal cardiomyocyte transcriptional and epigenetic landscapes, as well as the metabolic capability of these cells. Understanding how exposure alters the developing heart through dysregulation of gene expression, metabolism and DNA methylation is vital for identifying therapeutic interventions for air pollution-related heart failure.
- Published
- 2019
38. Autophagy accounts for approximately one-third of mitochondrial protein turnover and is protein selective
- Author
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Michael J. MacCoss, Gennifer E. Merrihew, Leo J. Pallanck, Theo K. Bammler, Nicholas J. Shulman, Evelyn S. Vincow, James W. MacDonald, and Ruth E. Thomas
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Proteome ,Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ,Mitochondrion ,Biology ,Protein degradation ,Proteomics ,Autophagy-Related Protein 7 ,Autophagy-Related Protein 5 ,Mitochondrial Proteins ,03 medical and health sciences ,Mitophagy ,Animals ,Drosophila Proteins ,Humans ,Molecular Biology ,Mitochondrial protein ,030102 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Models, Genetic ,Autophagy ,Protein turnover ,Cell Biology ,Fibroblasts ,Cell biology ,Mitochondria ,030104 developmental biology ,Drosophila melanogaster ,Turnover ,Organ Specificity ,Proteolysis ,Research Paper - Abstract
The destruction of mitochondria through macroautophagy (autophagy) has been recognised as a major route of mitochondrial protein degradation since its discovery more than 50 years ago, but fundamental questions remain unanswered. First, how much mitochondrial protein turnover occurs through auto-phagy? Mitochondrial proteins are also degraded by nonautophagic mechanisms, and the proportion of mitochondrial protein turnover that occurs through autophagy is still unknown. Second, does auto-phagy degrade mitochondrial proteins uniformly or selectively? Autophagy was originally thought to degrade all mitochondrial proteins at the same rate, but recent work suggests that mitochondrial autophagy may be protein selective. To investigate these questions, we used a proteomics-based approach in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, comparing mitochondrial protein turnover rates in autophagy-deficient Atg7 mutants and controls. We found that ~35% of mitochondrial protein turnover occurred via autophagy. Similar analyses using parkin mutants revealed that parkin-dependent mitophagy accounted for ~25% of mitochondrial protein turnover, suggesting that most mitochondrial autophagy specifically eliminates dysfunctional mitochondria. We also found that our results were incompatible with uniform autophagic turnover of mitochondrial proteins and consistent with protein-selective autophagy. In particular, the autophagic turnover rates of individual mitochondrial proteins varied widely, and only a small amount of the variation could be attributed to tissue differences in mitochondrial composition and autophagy rate. Furthermore, analyses comparing autophagy-deficient and control human fibroblasts revealed diverse autophagy-dependent turnover rates even in homogeneous cells. In summary, our work indicates that autophagy acts selectively on mitochondrial proteins, and that most mitochondrial protein turnover occurs through non-autophagic processes. Abbreviations: Atg5: Autophagy-related 5 (Drosophila); ATG5: autophagy related 5 (human); Atg7: Autophagy-related 7 (Drosophila); ATG7: autophagy related 7 (human); DNA: deoxyribonucleic acid; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; GFP: green fluorescent protein; MS: mass spectrometry; park: parkin (Drosophila); Pink1: PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (Drosophila); PINK1: PTEN-induced kinase 1 (human); PRKN: parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (human); RNA: ribonucleic acid; SD: standard deviation; Ub: ubiquitin/ubiquitinated; WT: wild-type; YME1L: YME1 like ATPase (Drosophila); YME1L1: YME1 like 1 ATPase (human)
- Published
- 2019
39. Human kidney on a chip assessment of polymyxin antibiotic nephrotoxicity
- Author
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Lu Wang, Libin Xu, William M. Atkins, Mavis Jiarong Li, Maria Beatriz Monteiro, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Elijah J. Weber, Kevin A. Lidberg, Michelle Redhair, Vishal S. Vaidya, Cecilia Tran, Timo Vaara, Martti Vaara, James W. MacDonald, Kelly M. Hines, Josi Herron, Susanne Ramm, Theo K. Bammler, and Edward J. Kelly
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Nephrology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ,medicine.drug_class ,Polymyxin ,030106 microbiology ,Gene Expression ,Polymyxin Antibiotic ,Pharmacology ,Kidney ,Nephrotoxicity ,Kidney Tubules, Proximal ,Lanosterol ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Dehydrocholesterols ,Downregulation and upregulation ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Hepatitis A Virus Cellular Receptor 1 ,Polymyxins ,Polymyxin B ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,Desmosterol ,General Medicine ,Acute Kidney Injury ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,3. Good health ,Disease Models, Animal ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Drug development ,business ,Biomarkers ,Heme Oxygenase-1 ,Research Article ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Drug-induced kidney injury, largely caused by proximal tubular intoxicants, limits development and clinical use of new and approved drugs. Assessing preclinical nephrotoxicity relies on animal models that are frequently insensitive; thus, potentially novel techniques — including human microphysiological systems, or “organs on chips” — are proposed to accelerate drug development and predict safety. Polymyxins are potent antibiotics against multidrug-resistant microorganisms; however, clinical use remains restricted because of high risk of nephrotoxicity and limited understanding of toxicological mechanisms. To mitigate risks, structural analogs of polymyxins (NAB739 and NAB741) are currently in clinical development. Using a microphysiological system to model human kidney proximal tubule, we exposed cells to polymyxin B (PMB) and observed significant increases of injury signals, including kidney injury molecule-1 KIM-1and a panel of injury-associated miRNAs (each P < 0.001). Surprisingly, transcriptional profiling identified cholesterol biosynthesis as the primary cellular pathway induced by PMB (P = 1.22 ×10–16), and effluent cholesterol concentrations were significantly increased after exposure (P < 0.01). Additionally, we observed no upregulation of the nuclear factor (erythroid derived-2)–like 2 pathway, despite this being a common pathway upregulated in response to proximal tubule toxicants. In contrast with PMB exposure, minimal changes in gene expression, injury biomarkers, and cholesterol concentrations were observed in response to NAB739 and NAB741. Our findings demonstrate the preclinical safety of NAB739 and NAB741 and reveal cholesterol biosynthesis as a potentially novel pathway for PMB-induced injury. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of a human-on-chip platform used for simultaneous safety testing of new chemical entities and defining unique toxicological pathway responses of an FDA-approved molecule.
- Published
- 2018
40. Alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling modulates ovine fetal brain astrocytes transcriptome in response to endotoxin
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Mingju Cao, James W. MacDonald, Hai L. Liu, Molly Weaver, Marina Cortes, Lucien D. Durosier, Patrick Burns, Gilles Fecteau, André Desrochers, Jay Schulkin, Marta C. Antonelli, Raphael A. Bernier, Michael Dorschner, Theo K. Bammler, and Martin G. Frasch
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Lipopolysaccharides ,alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor ,Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN) ,microglia ,Stimulation ,CHRNA7 ,RNASEQ ,neuroinflammation ,Transcriptome ,0302 clinical medicine ,INFECTION ,Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB) ,Immunology and Allergy ,Quantitative Biology - Molecular Networks ,ASTROCYTE ,Cells, Cultured ,Original Research ,Microglia ,Brain ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3.1 [https] ,RNAseq ,Neuroprotection ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,purl.org/becyt/ford/3 [https] ,Signal transduction ,Neurogenic Inflammation ,Astrocyte ,Signal Transduction ,Agonist ,STAT3 Transcription Factor ,lcsh:Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,LPS ,medicine.drug_class ,Immunology ,Biology ,NEUROINFLAMMATION ,MICROGLIA ,03 medical and health sciences ,Fetus ,astrocyte ,medicine ,Animals ,Quantitative Biology - Genomics ,Neuroinflammation ,Genomics (q-bio.GN) ,Gene Expression Profiling ,FETAL PROGRAMMING ,infection ,030104 developmental biology ,fetal programming ,FOS: Biological sciences ,Astrocytes ,Quantitative Biology - Cell Behavior ,Cattle ,lcsh:RC581-607 ,030215 immunology - Abstract
Neuroinflammation in utero may result in lifelong neurological disabilities. Astrocytes play a pivotal role, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. No early postnatal treatment strategies exist to enhance neuroprotective potential of astrocytes. We hypothesized that agonism on alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha7nAChR) in fetal astrocytes will augment their neuroprotective transcriptome profile, while the antagonistic stimulation of alpha7nAChR will achieve the opposite. Using an in vivo - in vitro model of developmental programming of neuroinflammation induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), we validated this hypothesis in primary fetal sheep astrocytes cultures re-exposed to LPS in presence of a selective alpha7nAChR agonist or antagonist. Our RNAseq findings show that a pro-inflammatory astrocyte transcriptome phenotype acquired in vitro by LPS stimulation is reversed with alpha7nAChR agonistic stimulation. Conversely, antagonistic alpha7nAChR stimulation potentiates the pro-inflammatory astrocytic transcriptome phenotype. Furthermore, we conduct a secondary transcriptome analysis against the identical alpha7nAChR experiments in fetal sheep primary microglia cultures and discuss the implications for neurodevelopment., See also the accompanying repository on GitHub: https://github.com/martinfrasch/astrocytes_RNAseq
- Published
- 2018
41. COPA - cancer outlier profile analysis.
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James W. MacDonald and Debashis Ghosh
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- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. From the Cover: Cadmium Exposure Differentially Alters Odorant-Driven Behaviors and Expression of Olfactory Receptors in Juvenile Coho Salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch)
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James W. MacDonald, Christopher D. Simpson, Theo K. Bammler, Michael Paulsen, Evan P. Gallagher, and Chase R. Williams
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Fish Proteins ,0301 basic medicine ,Olfactory system ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,HMOX1 ,Cadmium Exposure and Olfactory Function in Coho Salmon ,010501 environmental sciences ,Receptors, Odorant ,Toxicology ,01 natural sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cadmium Chloride ,Olfactory Mucosa ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Metallothionein ,Receptor ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Behavior, Animal ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,biology ,Ecology ,Oncorhynchus kisutch ,Olfactory Perception ,biology.organism_classification ,Smell ,Heme oxygenase ,030104 developmental biology ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Odorants ,Oncorhynchus ,Signal transduction ,Olfactory epithelium ,Heme Oxygenase-1 ,Water Pollutants, Chemical ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Salmon exposed to waterborne metals can experience olfactory impairment leading to disrupted chemosensation. In the current study, we investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd) on salmon olfactory function by modeling an exposure scenario where juvenile salmon transiently migrate through a polluted waterway. Coho were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne Cd (2 and 30 µg/L) for 48 h and (0.3 and 2 μg/L) for 16 days, followed by a 16-day depuration associated with outmigration. Cadmium exposures inhibited behavioral responses towards L-cysteine and conspecific odorants, with effects persisting following the depuration. Behavioral alterations following the 30 µg/L exposure were associated with increased olfactory epithelial gene expression of metallothionein (mt1a) and heme oxygenase (hmox1); reduced expression of olfactory signal transduction (OST) molecules; and reduced expression of mRNAs encoding major coho odorant receptors (ORs). Salmon OR array analysis indicated that Cd preferentially impacted expression of OST and OR markers for ciliated olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) relative to microvillus OSNs, suggesting a differential sensitivity of these two major OSN populations. Behavioral alterations on exposure to 0.3 and 2 µg/L Cd were associated with increased mt1a, but not with major histological or OR molecular changes, likely indicating disrupted OST as a major mechanism underlying the behavioral dysfunction at the low-level Cd exposures. Laser-ablation mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the OSN injury and behavioral dysfunction was associated with significant Cd bioaccumulation within the olfactory sensory epithelium. In summary, low-level Cd exposures associated with polluted waterways can induce differential and persistent olfactory dysfunction in juvenile coho salmon.
- Published
- 2016
43. Abstract 1194: Cross-cancer GWAS meta-analysis of more than 370,000 cases and 530,000 controls identifies multiple novel cancer risk regions
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James McKay, Christopher I. Amos, Puya Gharahkhani, Matthew Law, Bogdan Pasaniuc, Mark M. Iles, Richard S. Houlston, Deborah J. Thompson, James W. MacDonald, Bcac, Ocac, Practical, Lu Wang, Stephanie L. Schmit, Theo K. Bammler, Constance Turman, Beatrice Melin, Alison P. Klein, Tracy A. O'Mara, Paul D.P. Pharoah, Stuart MacGregor, Rayjean J. Hung, Jeroen R. Huyghe, Peter Kraft, Paul Brennan, Siddhartha Kar, Sara Lindström, and Laufey T. Amundadottir
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Oncology ,Subset Analysis ,Cancer Research ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Haplotype ,Cancer ,Genome-wide association study ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,Meta-analysis ,Relative risk ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Multiple Cancer Sites ,Genetic association - Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified hundreds of common, low-penetrance alleles associated with cancer risk. However, known rare and common risk alleles only explain between 10% and 30% of the familial relative risk for different cancers and multiple lines of evidence indicate that many more risk alleles remain to be discovered. We have demonstrated genetic correlations between cancers, reflecting a shared genetic origin for solid tumors. These results suggest that jointly analyzing multiple cancer sites will lead to the discovery of novel risk regions. We conducted a cross-cancer GWAS meta-analysis by leveraging GWAS summary statistics from 12 solid cancers (breast, colorectal, endometrial, esophageal, glioma, head and neck, lung, melanoma, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate and renal cancers) with a total of 373,818 cases and 532,382 controls of European ancestry. All studies had been imputed to either 1,000 Genomes or the Haplotype Reference Consortium panel. We conducted four meta-analysis using (1) fixed-effect, (2) random-effect, (3) one-sided subset (ASSET) and (4) two-sided subset (ASSET) models. The subset analysis were conducted assuming either the same direction of effects across cancers (one-sided ASSET) or allowed for opposite direction of effects across cancers (two-sided ASSET). In all analyses, we used tetrachoric correlations to account for sample overlap across cancer sites. In total, we tested 10,223,013 variants for association. We considered regions with a p-value We identified eight novel regions that reached genome-wide significance. Of those eight regions, two were identified from fixed-effects meta-analysis, three from random effects meta-analysis, one from the two-sided subset analysis, and two regions (15.q15.3 and 21q22.3) were identified at p Citation Format: Sara Lindström, Siddhartha Kar, Lu Wang, Constance Turman, James MacDonald, Theo Bammler, BCAC, OCAC, PRACTICAL, Jeroen Huyghe, Stephanie Schmit, Tracy A. O'Mara, Deborah J. Thompson, Puya Gharahkhani, Stuart MacGregor, Paul Brennan, Richard S. Houlston, Beatrice S. Melin, Christopher I. Amos, James McKay, Mark M. Iles, Matthew H. Law, Alison Klein, Laufey Amundadottir, Bogdan Pasaniuc, Paul Pharoah, Rayjean J. Hung, Peter Kraft. Cross-cancer GWAS meta-analysis of more than 370,000 cases and 530,000 controls identifies multiple novel cancer risk regions [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research 2020; 2020 Apr 27-28 and Jun 22-24. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2020;80(16 Suppl):Abstract nr 1194.
- Published
- 2020
44. P193 - Persistent regulation of hepatic non-coding RNAS following neonatal exposure to BPA, BDE-99, and PCBS
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Hans-Joachim Lehmler, Julia Yue Cui, Theo K. Bammler, Terrance J. Kavanagh, James W. MacDonald, Joseph L. Dempsey, and Joe Lim
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Pharmacology ,Andrology ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Biology ,Coding (social sciences) - Published
- 2020
45. P105 - BDE-99 reprograms the liver epigenome persistnently altering the transcriptome
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Joseph L. Dempsey, Julia Yue Cui, Terrance J. Kavanagh, Theo K. Bammler, Joe Lim, and James W. MacDonald
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Pharmacology ,Transcriptome ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Epigenome ,Computational biology ,Biology - Published
- 2020
46. Primary and secondary transcriptional effects of traffic-related air pollution in human lung and coronary artery cells
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Kristen E. Cosselman, Teal S. Hallstrand, Joel D. Kaufman, Timothy V. Larson, James W. MacDonald, Ying Lai, and Theo K. Bammler
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Lung ,business.industry ,Inflammation ,CCL2 ,Andrology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,GCLC ,medicine ,Respiratory epithelium ,medicine.symptom ,Respiratory system ,business ,Barrier function ,SLPI - Abstract
Air pollution induces adverse respiratory and cardiovascular effects, yet the intitial mechanisms driving the exposure-outcome pathways remain unclear. Fully differentiated primary human bronchical epithelial (NHBE) cells were exposed to aerosol diesel exhaust (DE) at 300 µg/m3 or filtered air (FA) for 1 hour in an electrostatic particle deposition chamber (NACIVT) under physiological conditions. We used freshly generated, aged, diluted DE as a model for urban air polltion. Following exposure, cells were incubated for 3 or 24 hours. To investigate secondary effects of circulating mediators released by the lung, we exposed primary human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC) to conditioned media from the NHBE studies for 4 hours. mRNA samples were multiplexed using the Fluidigm-based qPCR assay for genes related to inflammation, oxidative stress and barrier function. Compared with FA, DE exposed NHBE cells showed significant upregulation in the expressin of 9 genes (GCLc, HIF1α, ICAM1, COX2, ZO-1, MMP2, IL-6, CCL2, and SLPI, all FDR Our data reveal transcriptional changes in primary human cells that may underlie early pathophysiological effects of inhaled pollutants. More importantly, we provide evidence that pollutant effects intiated in the airway epithelium can induce secondary effects in coronary artery cells, suggesting that the epithelium plays an initial role in inflammatory processes and barrier dysfunction outside of the lung.
- Published
- 2018
47. Elevated CO
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Chase R, Williams, Andrew H, Dittman, Paul, McElhany, D Shallin, Busch, Michael T, Maher, Theo K, Bammler, James W, MacDonald, and Evan P, Gallagher
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Smell ,endocrine system ,Behavior, Animal ,Oceans and Seas ,Animals ,Gene Expression ,Seawater ,Carbon Dioxide ,Oncorhynchus kisutch ,Olfactory Receptor Neurons ,Article ,Signal Transduction - Abstract
Elevated concentrations of CO(2) in seawater can disrupt numerous sensory systems in marine fish. This is of particular concern for Pacific salmon because they rely on olfaction during all aspects of their life including during their homing migrations from the ocean back to their natal streams. We investigated the effects of elevated seawater CO(2) on coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) olfactory-mediated behavior, neural signaling and gene expression within the peripheral and central olfactory system. Ocean-phase coho salmon were exposed to three levels of CO(2,) ranging from those currently found in ambient marine water to projected future levels. Juvenile coho salmon exposed to elevated CO(2) levels for two weeks no longer avoided a skin-extract odor that elicited avoidance responses in coho salmon maintained in ambient CO(2) seawater. Exposure to these elevated CO(2) levels did not alter odor signaling in the olfactory epithelium, but did induce significant changes in signaling within the olfactory bulb. RNA-seq analysis of olfactory tissues revealed extensive disruption in expression of genes involved in neuronal signaling within the olfactory bulb of salmon exposed to elevated CO(2), with lesser impacts on gene expression in the olfactory rosettes. The disruption in olfactory bulb gene pathways included genes associated with GABA signaling and maintenance of ion balance within bulbar neurons. Our results indicate that ocean-phase coho salmon exposed to elevated CO(2) can experience significant behavioral impairments likely driven by alteration in higher-order neural signal processing within the olfactory bulb. Our study demonstrates that anadromous fish such as salmon may share a sensitivity to rising CO(2) levels with obligate marine species suggesting a more wide scale ecological impact of ocean acidification.
- Published
- 2018
48. Human Cervical Mucus Plugs Exhibit Insufficiencies in Antimicrobial Activity Towards Group B Streptococcus
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Lakshmi Rajagopal, Niels Uldbjerg, Hai Qing Tang, Kristina M. Adams Waldorf, Alyssa Brokaw, Theo K. Bammler, Phoenicia Quach, Varchita Alishetti, Blair Armistead, Verónica Santana-Ufret, James W. MacDonald, and Jay Vornhagen
- Subjects
group B streptococcus ,0301 basic medicine ,Proteomics ,Amniotic fluid ,medicine.drug_class ,Placenta ,Antimicrobial peptides ,Antibiotics ,Gestational Age ,Cervix Uteri ,medicine.disease_cause ,Group B ,Microbiology ,growth inhibition ,03 medical and health sciences ,Major Articles and Brief Reports ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,Streptococcal Infections ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,Fetus ,030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine ,cervical mucus plugs ,business.industry ,Streptococcus ,Antimicrobial ,Amniotic Fluid ,Cervical mucus plug ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,030104 developmental biology ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cervix Mucus ,Premature Birth ,Female ,pregnancy ,business - Abstract
Preterm birth is a leading cause of neonatal mortality and lacks an effective therapy. Ascending microbial infections from the lower genital tract lead to infection of the placenta, amniotic fluid, and fetus causing preterm birth or stillbirth. Directly in the path of an ascending infection is the cervical mucus plug (CMP), a dense mucoid structure in the cervical canal with potential antimicrobial properties. In this study, we aimed to define the components of CMP responsible for antimicrobial activity against a common lower genital tract organism associated with preterm birth and stillbirths, namely, group B streptococcus (GBS). Using a quantitative proteomic approach, we identified antimicrobial factors in CMPs that were collected from healthy human pregnancies. However, we noted that the concentration of antimicrobial peptides present in the human CMPs were insufficient to directly kill GBS, and antimicrobial activity, when observed, was due to antibiotics retained in the CMPs. Despite this insufficiency, CMP proteins were able to activate leukocytes in whole blood resulting in increased rates of bacterial killing, suggesting a role for the CMP in enhancing complement-mediated killing or leukocyte activation. This study provides new insight into how the human CMP may limit ascending bacterial infection.
- Published
- 2017
49. Human Organ-Specific Endothelial Cell Heterogeneity
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Kimberly A. Muczynski, James W. MacDonald, Kelly R. Stevens, Raluca Marcu, Jonathan Himmelfarb, Yoon Jung Choi, Charles E. Murry, Chelsea L. Fortin, Theo K. Bammler, Jun Xue, Stephen M. Schwartz, Jin Xu, Ying Zheng, Yuliang Wang, and Ryan J. Nagao
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0301 basic medicine ,Multidisciplinary ,Endothelium ,Embryo ,Biology ,Article ,Cell biology ,Endothelial stem cell ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Biology of Human Development ,Stem Cells Research ,Gene expression ,medicine ,lcsh:Q ,Blood islands ,Yolk sac ,Induced pluripotent stem cell ,lcsh:Science ,Developmental biology ,Developmental Biology - Abstract
Summary The endothelium first forms in the blood islands in the extra-embryonic yolk sac and then throughout the embryo to establish circulatory networks that further acquire organ-specific properties during development to support diverse organ functions. Here, we investigated the properties of endothelial cells (ECs), isolated from four human major organs—the heart, lung, liver, and kidneys—in individual fetal tissues at three months' gestation, at gene expression, and at cellular function levels. We showed that organ-specific ECs have distinct expression patterns of gene clusters, which support their specific organ development and functions. These ECs displayed distinct barrier properties, angiogenic potential, and metabolic rate and support specific organ functions. Our findings showed the link between human EC heterogeneity and organ development and can be exploited therapeutically to contribute in organ regeneration, disease modeling, as well as guiding differentiation of tissue-specific ECs from human pluripotent stem cells., Graphical Abstract, Highlights • Isolate, culture, and characterize four human organ-specific endothelial cells • Identify and validate heritable gene expression clusters in human organ-specific ECs • Uncover the contribution of organ-specific ECs on vascular and organ function, Stem Cells Research; Developmental Biology; Biology of Human Development
- Published
- 2017
50. Comparison of seven methods for producing Affymetrix expression scores based on False Discovery Rates in disease profiling data.
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Kerby Shedden, Wei Chen 0128, Rork Kuick, Debashis Ghosh, James W. MacDonald, Kathleen R. Cho, Thomas J. Giordano, Stephen B. Gruber, Eric R. Fearon, Jeremy M. G. Taylor, and Samir Hanash
- Published
- 2005
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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