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From the Cover: Cadmium Exposure Differentially Alters Odorant-Driven Behaviors and Expression of Olfactory Receptors in Juvenile Coho Salmon(Oncorhynchus kisutch)
- Source :
- Toxicological Sciences. 154:267-277
- Publication Year :
- 2016
- Publisher :
- Oxford University Press (OUP), 2016.
-
Abstract
- Salmon exposed to waterborne metals can experience olfactory impairment leading to disrupted chemosensation. In the current study, we investigated the effects of cadmium (Cd) on salmon olfactory function by modeling an exposure scenario where juvenile salmon transiently migrate through a polluted waterway. Coho were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of waterborne Cd (2 and 30 µg/L) for 48 h and (0.3 and 2 μg/L) for 16 days, followed by a 16-day depuration associated with outmigration. Cadmium exposures inhibited behavioral responses towards L-cysteine and conspecific odorants, with effects persisting following the depuration. Behavioral alterations following the 30 µg/L exposure were associated with increased olfactory epithelial gene expression of metallothionein (mt1a) and heme oxygenase (hmox1); reduced expression of olfactory signal transduction (OST) molecules; and reduced expression of mRNAs encoding major coho odorant receptors (ORs). Salmon OR array analysis indicated that Cd preferentially impacted expression of OST and OR markers for ciliated olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) relative to microvillus OSNs, suggesting a differential sensitivity of these two major OSN populations. Behavioral alterations on exposure to 0.3 and 2 µg/L Cd were associated with increased mt1a, but not with major histological or OR molecular changes, likely indicating disrupted OST as a major mechanism underlying the behavioral dysfunction at the low-level Cd exposures. Laser-ablation mass spectrometry analysis revealed that the OSN injury and behavioral dysfunction was associated with significant Cd bioaccumulation within the olfactory sensory epithelium. In summary, low-level Cd exposures associated with polluted waterways can induce differential and persistent olfactory dysfunction in juvenile coho salmon.
- Subjects :
- Fish Proteins
0301 basic medicine
Olfactory system
medicine.medical_specialty
Time Factors
HMOX1
Cadmium Exposure and Olfactory Function in Coho Salmon
010501 environmental sciences
Receptors, Odorant
Toxicology
01 natural sciences
03 medical and health sciences
Cadmium Chloride
Olfactory Mucosa
Internal medicine
medicine
Animals
Metallothionein
Receptor
0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Behavior, Animal
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
biology
Ecology
Oncorhynchus kisutch
Olfactory Perception
biology.organism_classification
Smell
Heme oxygenase
030104 developmental biology
Endocrinology
medicine.anatomical_structure
Gene Expression Regulation
Odorants
Oncorhynchus
Signal transduction
Olfactory epithelium
Heme Oxygenase-1
Water Pollutants, Chemical
Signal Transduction
Subjects
Details
- ISSN :
- 10960929 and 10966080
- Volume :
- 154
- Database :
- OpenAIRE
- Journal :
- Toxicological Sciences
- Accession number :
- edsair.doi.dedup.....08ef2c1d26460bede5e80046b78a5d61