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1. Monitoring ion beam therapy with a Compton Camera: simulation studies of the clinical feasibility

Author

Etienne Testa, J.-L. Ley, I. Rinaldi, J. Krimmer, Jean Michel Létang, Mattia Fontana, M.-H. Richard, Nicolas Freud, Voichita Maxim, Denis Dauvergne, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), and Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)

Subjects
Physics, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Particle therapy, Ion beam, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Detector, Monte Carlo method, Physics::Medical Physics, Dose profile, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Imaging phantom, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure), Event reconstruction
Abstract

As more and more particle therapy centers are being built world-wide, there is increasing need in treatment monitoring methods, ideally in real time. This article investigates the clinical applicability of a Compton camera design by means of Monte Carlo simulations. The Compton camera performance has been studied with the simulation of point-like source and beam irradiation of a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) phantom. The system absolute photon detection efficiency, measured via source irradiation, varies in the range [1, 4] $\times 10^{-4}$ with energy variations in the prompt gamma (PG) energy range and source position shifts with respect to the center of the camera. With proton and carbon beams impinging on a PMMA cylindrical phantom, the number of detected PG coincidences related to various beam time structure has been studied. Finally, the accuracy of the camera in identifying the dose profile fall-off position has been estimated and two different event reconstruction methods have been compared for this purpose; one based on analytical calculation with a line-cone technique, the second relying on an iterative maximum likelihood expectation maximization algorithm. Both methods showed the possibility to reconstruct the beam depth-dose profile and to retrieve the dose fall-off with millimeter precision on a spot basis.

Published
2020

2. Study for online range monitoring with the interaction vertex imaging method

Author

J. Krimmer, Cédric Ray, J. Baudot, D. Juliani, V. Reithinger, Etienne Testa, M. Vanstalle, Julie Constanzo, Y. Karakaya, Marc Rousseau, Ch. Finck, Ilaria Rinaldi, R. Rescigno, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), PRISME (PRISME), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] (ILM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Ion beam, Dose profile, Heavy Ion Radiotherapy, Bragg peak, Imaging phantom, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Computer vision, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Physics, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Phantoms, Imaging, business.industry, Detector, Radiotherapy Dosage, Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted, Vertex (geometry), Inflection point, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Artificial intelligence, Protons, business
Abstract

International audience; Ion beam therapy enables a highly accurate dose conformation delivery to the tumor due to the finite range of charged ions in matter (i.e. Bragg peak (BP)). Consequently, the dose profile is very sensitive to patients anatomical changes as well as minor mispositioning, and so it requires improved dose control techniques. Proton interaction vertex imaging (IVI) could offer an online range control in carbon ion therapy. In this paper, a statistical method was used to study the sensitivity of the IVI technique on experimental data obtained from the Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center.The vertices of secondary protons were reconstructed with pixelized silicon detectors. The statistical study used the x2 test of the reconstructed vertex distributions for a given displacement of the BP position as a function of the impinging carbon ions. Different phantom configurations were used with or without bone equivalent tissue and air inserts.The inflection points in the fall-off region of the longitudinal vertex distribution were computed using different methods, while the relation with the BP position was established. In the present setup, the resolution of the BP position was about 4–5 mm in the homogeneous phantom under clinical conditions (106 incident carbon ions). Our results show that the IVI method could therefore monitor the BP position with a promising resolution in clinical conditions.

Published
2017

3. Backward compatibility effects in younger and older adults

Author

Patricia J. Krimmer, Alan A. Hartley, Kathryn E. Frazier, François Maquestiaux, and Sara B. Festini

Subjects
Male, Psychological refractory period, Linguistics and Language, Adolescent, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Stimulus (physiology), behavioral disciplines and activities, 050105 experimental psychology, Language and Linguistics, Backward compatibility, Bottleneck, Developmental psychology, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Age groups, Task Performance and Analysis, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, 05 social sciences, Age Factors, Sensory Systems, Refractory Period, Psychological, Younger adults, Female, Psychology, Psychomotor Performance, psychological phenomena and processes, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Cognitive psychology
Abstract

In many dual-task situations, responses to the second of two tasks are slowed when the time between tasks is short. The response-selection bottleneck model of dual-task performance accounts for this phenomenon by assuming that central processing of the second task is blocked by a bottleneck until central processing of Task 1 is complete. This assumption could be called into question if it could be demonstrated that the response to Task 2 affected the central processing of Task 1, a backward response compatibility effect. Such effects are well-established in younger adults. Backward compatibility effects in older (as well as younger) adults were explored in two experiments. The first experiment found clear backward response compatibility effects for younger adults but no evidence of them for older adults. The second experiment explored backward stimulus compatibility and found similar effects in both younger and older adults. Evidence possibly consistent with some pre-bottleneck processing of Task 2 central stages also was found in the second experiment in both age groups. For younger adults, the results provide further evidence falsifying the claim of an immutable response selection bottleneck. For older adults, the evidence suggested that Task 2 affects Task 1 when there is stimulus compatibility but not when there is response compatibility.

Published
2016

4. Prompt-gamma monitoring in hadrontherapy: A review

Author

Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Etienne Testa, J. Krimmer, Rayet, Béatrice, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PRISME (PRISME), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, medicine.medical_specialty, medicine.medical_treatment, Prompt-gamma, Particle therapy, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, Photon energy, Radiation, Collimated light, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.CAN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, law, Hadrontherapy, medicine, Electronic engineering, Medical physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Radiation treatment planning, Instrumentation, Proton therapy, Gamma camera, Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], business.industry, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], business, Quality assurance
Abstract

International audience; Secondary radiation emission induced by nuclear reactions is correlated to the path of ions in matter. Therefore, such penetrating radiation can be used for in vivo control of hadrontherapy treatments, for which the primary beam is absorbed inside the patient. Among secondary radiations, prompt-gamma rays were proposed for real-time verification of ion range. Such a verification is a desired condition to reduce uncertainties in treatment planning. For more than a decade, efforts have been undertaken worldwide to promote prompt-gamma-based devices to be used in clinical conditions. Dedicated cameras are necessary to overcome the challenges of a broad- and high-energy distribution, a large background, high instantaneous count rates, and compatibility constraints with patient irradiation. Several types of prompt-gamma imaging devices have been proposed, that are either physically-collimated or electronically collimated (Compton cameras). Clinical tests are now undergoing. Meanwhile, other methods than direct prompt-gamma imaging were proposed, that are based on specific counting using either time-of-flight or photon energy measurements. In the present article, we make a review and discuss the state of the art for all techniques using prompt-gamma detection to improve the quality assurance in hadrontherapy.

Published
2018

5. Technical Note: Experimental carbon ion range verification in inhomogeneous phantoms using prompt gammas

Author

Nicolas Freud, M. Testa, Marco Pinto, Cédric Ray, Denis Dauvergne, M. De Rydt, Jean Michel Létang, Etienne Testa, J. Krimmer, and George Dedes

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Monte Carlo method, Collimator, Context (language use), General Medicine, Charged particle, Imaging phantom, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, law, Mockup, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to experimentally assess the possibility to monitor carbon ion range variations—due to tumor shift and/or elongation or shrinking—using prompt-gamma (PG) emission with inhomogeneous phantoms. Such a study is related to the development of PG monitoring techniques to be used in a carbon ion therapy context. Methods: A 95 MeV/u carbon ion beam was used to irradiate phantoms with a variable density along the ion path to mimic the presence of bone and lung in homogeneous humanlike tissue. PG profiles were obtained after a longitudinal scan of the phantoms. A setup comprising a narrow single-slit collimator and two detectors placed at 90° with respect to the beam axis was used. The time of flight technique was applied to allow the selection between PG and background events. Results: Using the positions at 50% entrance and 50% falloff of the PG profiles, a quantity called prompt-gamma profile length (PGPL) is defined. It is possible to observe shifts in the PGPL when there are absolute ion range shifts as small as 1–2 mm. Quantitatively, for an ion range shift of −1.33 ± 0.46 mm (insertion of a Teflon slab), a PGPL difference of −1.93 ± 0.58 mm and −1.84 ± 1.27 mm is obtained using a BaF2 and a NaI(Tl) detector, respectively. In turn, when an ion range shift of 4.59 ± 0.42 mm (insertion of a lung-equivalent material slab) is considered, the difference is of 4.10 ± 0.54 and 4.39 ± 0.80 mm for the same detectors. Conclusions: Herein, experimental evidence of the usefulness of employing PG to monitor carbon ion range using inhomogeneous phantoms is presented. Considering the homogeneous phantom as reference, the results show that the information provided by the PG emission allows for detecting ion range shifts as small as 1–2 mm. When considering the expected PG emission from an energy slice in a carbon ion therapy scenario, the experimental setup would allow to retrieve the same PGPL as the high statistics of the full experimental dataset in 58% of the times. However, this success rate increases to 93% when using a better optimized setup by means of Monte Carlo simulations.

Published
2015

6. Absolute prompt-gamma yield measurements for ion beam therapy monitoring

Author

C. La Tessa, M. De Rydt, Marco Pinto, M. Testa, J. Krimmer, Dieter Schardt, George Dedes, F. Roellinghoff, I Rinaldi, Stephan Brons, Nicolas Freud, Etienne Testa, Cédric Ray, Katia Parodi, R. Pleskac, M. Chevallier, Damien Prieels, M. Bajard, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), PRISME (PRISME), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center - HIT, Heidelberg University Clinic, Instituut voor Kern- enStralingsfysica, Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biophysics Department [Darmstadt], Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Heidelberg University Hospital [Heidelberg], Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Ion Beam Applications SA, and IBA

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Materials science, Ion beam, Proton, carbon ion therapy, Radiation Dosage, 7. Clean energy, Ion, hadrontherapy, monitoring, prompt gammas, proton therapy, Proton Therapy, Gamma Rays, Protons, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Irradiation, Steradian, Charged particle, Yield (chemistry), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Atomic physics, Radiology
Abstract

International audience; Prompt-gamma emission detection is a promising technique for hadrontherapy monitoring purposes. In this regard, obtaining prompt-gamma yields that can be used to develop monitoring systems based on this principle is of utmost importance since any camera design must cope with the available signal. Herein, a comprehensive study of the data from ten single-slit experiments is presented, five consisting in the irradiation of either PMMA or water targets with lower and higher energy carbon ions, and another five experiments using PMMA targets and proton beams. Analysis techniques such as background subtraction methods, geometrical normalization, and systematic uncertainty estimation were applied to the data in order to obtain absolute prompt-gamma yields in units of prompt-gamma counts per incident ion, unit of field of view, and unit of solid angle. At the entrance of a PMMA target, where the contribution of secondary nuclear reactions is negligible, prompt-gamma counts per incident ion, per millimetre and per steradian equal to (124 ± 0.7stat ± 30sys) × 10−6 for 95 MeV u−1 carbon ions, (79 ± 2stat ± 23sys) × 10−6 for 310 MeV u−1 carbon ions, and (16 ± 0.07stat ± 1sys) × 10−6 for 160 MeV protons were found for prompt gammas with energies higher than 1 MeV. This shows a factor 5 between the yields of two different ions species with the same range in water (160 MeV protons and 310 MeV u−1 carbon ions). The target composition was also found to influence the prompt-gamma yield since, for 300/310 MeV u−1 carbon ions, a 42% greater yield ((112 ± 1stat ± 22sys) × 10−6 counts ion−1 mm−1 sr−1) was obtained with a water target compared to a PMMA one.

Published
2014

7. Design optimisation of a TOF-based collimated camera prototype for online hadrontherapy monitoring

Author

J. Krimmer, Marco Pinto, F. Roellinghoff, Cédric Ray, Nicolas Freud, Etienne Testa, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Computer science, medicine.medical_treatment, Physics::Medical Physics, Real-time computing, Monte Carlo method, Online Systems, Collimated light, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Proton Therapy, medicine, Humans, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Radiometry, Proton therapy, Image resolution, Simulation, Modality (human–computer interaction), Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Phantoms, Imaging, Equipment Design, Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted, Radiation therapy, Gamma Rays, Homogeneous, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Key (cryptography), Monte Carlo Method
Abstract

International audience; Hadrontherapy is an innovative radiation therapy modality for which one of the main key advantages is the target conformality allowed by the physical properties of ion species. However, in order to maximise the exploitation of its potentialities, online monitoring is required in order to assert the treatment quality, namely monitoring devices relying on the detection of secondary radiations. Herein is presented a method based on Monte Carlo simulations to optimise a multi-slit collimated camera employing time-of-flight selection of prompt-gamma rays to be used in a clinical scenario. In addition, an analytical tool is developed based on the Monte Carlo data to predict the expected precision for a given geometrical configuration. Such a method follows the clinical workflow requirements to simultaneously have a solution that is relatively accurate and fast. Two different camera designs are proposed, considering different endpoints based on the trade-off between camera detection efficiency and spatial resolution to be used in a proton therapy treatment with active dose delivery and assuming a homogeneous target.

Published
2014

8. Production and characterization of large-size diamond detectors for particle tracking and medical applications

Author

J.-M. Brom, John Morse, M. Yamouni, Sara Marcatili, W. De-Nolf, A. Bes, E. Testa, Murielle Salomé, Jean-François Muraz, G. Bosson, J-Y. Hostachy, Denis Dauvergne, Ana Lacoste, F. Rarbi, S. Curtoni, J. Collot, J. Krimmer, M.L. Gallin-Martel, L. Gallin-Martel, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Département Recherches Subatomiques (DRS-IPHC), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Rayet, Béatrice

Subjects
Photon, Materials science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Proton, business.industry, Detector, Ranging, Chemical vapor deposition, Tracking (particle physics), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Optoelectronics, Particle, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], business, Microwave
Abstract

International audience; Large-size diamond detectors have been produced and tested with the aim of achieving reliable & efficient sensors for particle tracking or medical applications. Poly-and single-crystal CVD diamond samples were submitted to various ionizing particles. Their metallization was performed by using Distributed MicroWave Plasmas, a process developed by LPSC. Their detection performance was investigated using α and β radioactive sources, 95 MeV/u carbon beams from GANIL (Caen France) and short-bunched 8.5 keV photons from ESRF. This study is part of the ANR project MONODIAM-HE and of the CLaRyS collaboration for the on-line dose monitoring of hadrontherapy. The goal here is to provide large-area detectors with a high detection efficiency for carbon or proton beams, yielding time and position measurement at count rates greater than 100 MHz. A time resolution ranging from 20 ps up to 40 ps and an energy resolution varying from 7 % up to 10% were measured. It allowed us to conclude that poly-crystal CVD diamond detectors are good candidates for this application.

Published
2017

9. A cost-effective monitoring technique in particle therapy via uncollimated prompt gamma peak integration

Author

Joel Herault, Marco Pinto, H. Mathez, J. Krimmer, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Nicolas Freud, G. Angellier, Y. Zoccarato, Etienne Testa, L. Balleyguier, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PRISME (PRISME), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Unité de Radiothérapie, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre Antoine Lacassagne de Nice-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Rayet, Béatrice

Subjects
Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Proton, medicine.medical_treatment, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cyclotron, [SDV.IB.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, Modulators, Position sensitive detectors, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, [SDV.IB.MN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Nuclear medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, law, medicine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Particle beam detectors, Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle therapy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], business.industry, Detector, Gamma rays, Gamma ray, Solid angle, 3. Good health, Beamline, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Protons, business
Abstract

International audience; For the purpose of detecting deviations from the prescribed treatment during particle therapy, the integrals of uncollimated prompt gamma-ray timing distributions are investigated. The intention is to provide information, with a simple and cost-effective setup, independent from monitoring devices of the beamline. Measurements have been performed with 65 MeV protons at a clinical cyclotron. Prompt gamma-rays emitted from the target are identified by means of time-of-flight. The proton range inside the PMMA target has been varied via a modulator wheel. The measured variation of the prompt gamma peak integrals as a function of the modulator position is consistent with simulations. With detectors covering a solid angle of 25 msr (corresponding to a diameter of 3–4 in. at a distance of 50 cm from the beam axis) and 108 incident protons, deviations of a few per cent in the prompt gamma-ray count rate can be detected. For the present configuration, this change in the count rate corresponds to a 3 mm change in the proton range in a PMMA target. Furthermore, simulation studies show that a combination of the signals from multiple detectors may be used to detect a misplacement of the target. A different combination of these signals results in a precise number of the detected prompt gamma rays, which is independent on the actual target position.

Published
2017

10. Real-time proton beam range monitoring by means of prompt-gamma detection with a collimated camera

Author

Marco Pinto, Denis Dauvergne, Julien Smeets, Jean Michel Létang, A. Benilov, J. Krimmer, George Dedes, Nicolas Freud, Damien Prieels, Cédric Ray, F. Roellinghoff, Etienne Testa, Frédéric Stichelbaut, Guillaume Janssens, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Ion Beam Applications SA, IBA, PRISME (PRISME), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon)

Subjects
Proton, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics::Medical Physics, Bragg peak, Collimated light, Particle detector, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Radiotherapy, High-Energy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Computer Systems, Proton Therapy, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Gamma Cameras, Radiometry, Nuclear Experiment, Proton therapy, Physics, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, business.industry, Detector, Gamma ray, Equipment Design, Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted, Equipment Failure Analysis, Gamma Rays, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Beam (structure)
Abstract

International audience; Prompt-gamma profile was measured at WPE-Essen using 160 MeV protons impinging a movable PMMA target. A single collimated detector was used with time-of-flight (TOF) to reduce the background due to neutrons. The target entrance rise and the Bragg peak falloff retrieval precision was determined as a function of incident proton number by a fitting procedure using independent data sets. Assuming improved sensitivity of this camera design by using a greater number of detectors, retrieval precisions of 1 to 2 mm (rms) are expected for a clinical pencil beam. TOF improves the contrast-to-noise ratio and the performance of the method significantly.

Published
2014
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11. Large Area Polycrystalline Diamond Detectors for Online Hadron Therapy Beam Tagging Applications

Author

F. Rarbi, M. Yamouni, Ana Lacoste, A. Gorecki, Etienne Testa, J. Krimmer, J-Y. Hostachy, Laurent Gallin-Martel, Denis Dauvergne, Sara Marcatili, M. Fontana, O. Rossetto, John Morse, M. Salome, Jean-François Muraz, Johann Collot, G. Bosson, A. Boukhemiri, A. Bes, M.-L. Gallin-Martel, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF)

Subjects
Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Synchrotron radiation, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, 02 engineering and technology, engineering.material, Radiation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Optics, 0103 physical sciences, Microelectronics, Irradiation, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Energy resolution, Ions, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Diamond, Detectors, Time measurement, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Current measurement, Photonics, engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, 0210 nano-technology, business
Abstract

International audience; – The French national collaboration CLaRyS aims at the on-line monitoring of hadron therapy by means of imaging nuclear reaction products that are related to the ion range. For this purpose, the MoniDiam project is dedicated to the development of a large area detector with a high detection efficiency for the primary carbon or proton beams, giving time and position measurements at count rates greater than 100 MHz. High radiation hardness and intrinsic electronic properties make diamonds reliable and very fast detectors with a good signal to noise ratio. Commercial Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) diamonds are studied starting with plasma etch thinning and contact metallization done at the LPSC laboratory. Their applicability as particle detector is being investigated using α and β radioactive sources, 95 MeV/u carbon ion beams and short-bunched 8.5 keV photons from the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF). This last facility offers unique capability of highly focused beams, the X-ray energy deposition is continuous along the irradiated detector volume. It permits us to mimic the interaction of single ion beams. The possible application of diamonds as a position sensitive detector will be discussed from these radiation tests results. Finally, we focused on the diamond time response and energy resolution measurements. The reported study prefigures dedicated microelectronics developments.

Published
2016

12. Absorbed Energy Monitoring during Hadrontherapy via Prompt Gamma Detection

Author

J. Krimmer, L. Balleyguier, Nicolas Freud, Denis Dauvergne, M. Fontana, Jean Michel Létang, Marco Pinto, Joel Herault, Etienne Testa, H. Mathez, Y. Zoccarato, Charbel Koumeir, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité de Radiothérapie, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre Antoine Lacassagne de Nice-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Léon Bérard [Lyon], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer, and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)

Subjects
Physics, Scintillation, medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Detector, Gamma ray, Monitoring system, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, equipment and supplies, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Data acquisition, Optics, Energy absorbing, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, medicine, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Medical physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Gamma detection, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

International audience; An independent monitoring system aiming for the detection of deviations from the prescribed treatment in hadrontherapy is presented. The system is based on prompt gammaray detection via scintillation detectors and the use of time-offlight information. Test measurements at cyclotrons show the influence of degraders used in passive beam delivery systems. A dedicated data acquisition card has been developed which is suitable to provide timing and energy information from scintillation detectors at counting rates compatible with clinical beam intensities.

Published
2016

13. 38. Comparison between Anger and Compton cameras for medical imaging: A Monte Carlo simulation study

Author

Etienne Testa, Denis Dauvergne, J.M. Létang, J. Krimmer, Voichita Maxim, Mattia Fontana, and J.-L. Ley

Subjects
Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Medical Physics, Monte Carlo method, Biophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Single-photon emission computed tomography, Collimated light, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, law, Medical imaging, medicine, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Image resolution, Physics, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, Detector, Collimator, General Medicine, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Focus (optics), business
Abstract

Introduction Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) is at present one of the major techniques for non-invasive diagnostics in nuclear medicine. Almost the whole clinical routine is based on collimated cameras, originally proposed by Anger. Due to the presence of mechanical collimation, detection efficiency and energy acceptance are limited and fixed by the system geometrical features. In order to overcome these limitations, the application of Compton cameras for SPECT is being investigated for several years. Methods We propose in this study to compare a commercial SPECT-Anger device, the GE Healthcare Infinia system with HEGP collimator, and the Compton camera prototype under development by our collaboration [1] , through Monte Carlo simulations (GATE v7.1 and Geant4 9.6 respectively). Given the possible introduction of new radio-emitters at higher energies intrinsically allowed by the Compton camera detection principle, the detectors are exposed to point-like sources at increasing primary gamma energies, from actual isotopes already proposed for nuclear medicine applications. The detector performances are studied in terms of radial event distribution, detection efficiency and final image, obtained by gamma transmission analysis for the Anger system, and with an iterative LM-MLEM algorithm for the Compton reconstruction. Results Preliminary results show for the Compton camera a detection efficiency increased of a factor greater than an order of magnitude, associated with an enhanced spatial resolution for energies beyond 500 keV. Conclusion We discuss then the proven advantages of Compton camera application with particular focus on dose delivered to the patient, examination time and spatial uncertainties.

Published
2017

14. First measurement of the helicity dependence of 3He photoreactions in the Δ(1232) resonance region

Author

David Hamilton, L.V. Filʼkov, A. Polonski, D. G. Middleton, M. Thiel, M. Oberle, B. Oussena, Werner Heil, A. Braghieri, J. R. M. Annand, D. P. Watts, F. Rigamonti, T. Rostomyan, D. I. Sober, B. Krusche, V. S. Bekrenev, V. Lisin, H. Berghäuser, K. Livingston, T. C. Jude, P. Pedroni, A. Starostin, O. Jahn, A. Nikolaev, Susanna Costanza, H. J. Arends, D. I. Glazier, A. Fix, P. Aguar Bartolomé, M. Romaniuk, G. Giardina, B. M. K. Nefkens, J. C. McGeorge, R. Beck, J. Krimmer, S. Cherepnya, F. Pheron, D. Werthmüller, I. Keshelashvili, D. Hornidge, J. Mancell, M. Ostrick, A. Kulbardis, I. Jaegle, R. Kondratiev, I. Supek, J. Ahrens, I. J. D. MacGregor, Volker Metag, E. Heid, H. Ortega, S. Schumann, P. B. Otte, D. Howdle, P. Drexler, S. N. Prakhov, Andy Thomas, M. Unverzagt, W. J. Briscoe, S. P. Kruglov, G. Rosner, A. N. Mushkarenkov, V. L. Kashevarov, D. M. Manley, and M. Korolija

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Nucleon spin structure, Photon energy, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Helicity, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Crystal Ball
Abstract

The first measurement of the helicity dependence of the total inclusive 3He photo-absorption cross section and of the partial cross sections for several reaction channels was carried out at MAMI (Mainz) in the photon energy range between 150 and 500 MeV. The experiment used the large acceptance Crystal Ball spectrometer, complemented by charged particle and vertex detectors, a circularly polarised tagged photon beam and a longitudinally polarised high-pressure 3He gas target. The results obtained give information on the GDH integral on 3He and on the neutron and allow an investigation of the modifications of nucleon properties inside 3He.

Published
2013

15. Measurement of fragmentation cross sections ofC12ions on a thin gold target with the FIRST apparatus

Author

H. Simon, A. Boudard, D. Juliani, A.H. Kummali, G. Ickert, Piernicola Oliva, Giacomo Cuttone, Paola Sala, D. Nicolosi, A. Brunetti, R. Introzzi, Y. Leifels, Dario Rossi, Christoph Schuy, F. Balestra, M. Toppi, M. A. G. Alvarez, A. Paoloni, Z. Abou-Haidar, E. Iarocci, R. Rescigno, G. Battistoni, N. Randazzo, H. Younis, J. Krimmer, R. Pleskac, S. Leray, Andrea Bocci, C. Scheidenberger, M. Durante, C. Agodi, B. Golosio, Alessio Sarti, F. Marchetto, V. Monaco, R. Sacchi, N. Kurz, S. Tropea, M. De Napoli, Valeria Sipala, S. Salvador, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, T. T. Bohlen, G.A.P. Cirrone, M. Rousseau, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, Concettina Sfienti, V. Rosso, Felice Iazzi, E. Spiriti, M. Labalme, M. Vanstalle, J. P. Fernández-García, Roberto Cirio, M. Carpinelli, F. Romano, A. Le Fèvre, Thomas Aumann, M. C. Morone, Ch. Finck, and Luca Piersanti

Subjects
Physics, Particle therapy, Ion beam, Applied physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, medicine.medical_treatment, Kinetic energy, 01 natural sciences, Ion, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), 0103 physical sciences, Electromagnetic shielding, medicine, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract

A detailed knowledge of the light ions interaction processes with matter is of great interest in basic and applied physics. As an example, particle therapy and space radioprotection require highly accurate fragmentation cross-section measurements to develop shielding materials and estimate acute and late health risks for manned missions in space and for treatment planning in particle therapy. The Fragmentation of Ions Relevant for Space and Therapy experiment at the Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion research (GSI) was designed and built by an international collaboration from France, Germany, Italy, and Spain for studying the collisions of a C12 ion beam with thin targets. The collaboration's main purpose is to provide the double-differential cross-section measurement of carbon-ion fragmentation at energies that are relevant for both tumor therapy and space radiation protection applications. Fragmentation cross sections of light ions impinging on a wide range of thin targets are also essential to validate the nuclear models implemented in MC simulations that, in such an energy range, fail to reproduce the data with the required accuracy. This paper presents the single differential carbon-ion fragmentation cross sections on a thin gold target, measured as a function of the fragment angle and kinetic energy in the forward angular region (θ≲6∘), aiming to provide useful data for the benchmarking of the simulation softwares used in light ions fragmentation applications. The C12 ions used in the measurement were accelerated at the energy of 400 MeV/nucleon by the SIS (heavy ion synchrotron) GSI facility.

Published
2016

16. Assessment of Geant4 Prompt-Gamma Emission Yields in the Context of Proton Therapy Monitoring

Author

Etienne Testa, J. Krimmer, Marco Pinto, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Nicolas Freud, Rayet, Béatrice, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Proton, medicine.medical_treatment, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Binary number, Geant4, Context (language use), lcsh:RC254-282, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, in-beam monitoring, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, hadrontherapy, prompt gammas, medicine, proton therapy, Medical physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Proton therapy, Original Research, Physics, Particle therapy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], monte carlo, online monitoring, nuclear fragmentation models, Gamma ray, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Computational physics, particle therapy, Oncology, Cascade, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], collimated camera
Abstract

International audience; Monte Carlo tools have been long used to assist the research and development of solutions for proton therapy monitoring. The present work focuses on the prompt-gamma emission yields by comparing experimental data with the outcomes of the current version of Geant4 using all applicable proton inelastic models. For the case in study and using the binary cascade model, it was found that Geant4 overestimates the prompt-gamma emission yields by 40.2 ± 0.3%, even though it predicts the prompt-gamma profile length of the experimental profile accurately. In addition, the default implementations of all proton inelastic models show an overestimation in the number of prompt gammas emitted. Finally, a set of built-in options and physically sound Geant4 source code changes have been tested in order to try to improve the discrepancy observed. A satisfactory agreement was found when using the QMD model with a wave packet width equal to 1.3 fm 2 .

Published
2016

17. Design Study of the Absorber Detector of a Compton Camera for On-Line Control in Ion Beam Therapy

Author

M. De Rydt, Nicolas Freud, Voichita Maxim, F. Roellinghoff, M. Dahoumane, Cédric Ray, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, J. Krimmer, Gerard Montarou, X. Lojacono, Etienne Testa, A.H. Walenta, George Dedes, M.-H. Richard, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Detector, Compton scattering, Scintillator, 01 natural sciences, Lyso, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, Optics, 0302 clinical medicine, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, 0103 physical sciences, Scintillation counter, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Image sensor, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Image resolution
Abstract

International audience; The goal of this study is to tune the design of the absorber detector of a Compton camera for prompt γ-ray imaging during ion beam therapy. The response of the Compton camera to a photon point source with a realistic energy spectrum (corresponding to the prompt γ-ray spectrum emitted during the carbon irradiation of a water phantom) is studied by means of Geant4 simulations. Our Compton camera consists of a stack of 2 mm thick silicon strip detectors as a scatter detector and of a scintillator plate as an absorber detector. Four scintillators are considered: LYSO, NaI, LaBr3 and BGO. LYSO and BGO appear as the most suitable materials, due to their high photo-electric cross-sections, which leads to a high percentage of fully absorbed photons. Depth-of-interaction measurements are shown to have limited influence on the spatial resolution of the camera. In our case, the thickness which gives the best compromise between a high percentage of photons that are fully absorbed and a low parallax error is about 4 cm for the LYSO detector and 4.5 cm for the BGO detector. The influence of the width of the absorber detector on the spatial resolution is not very pronounced as long as it is lower than 30 cm.

Published
2012
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18. Probabilistic models and numerical calculation of system matrix and sensitivity in list-mode MLEM 3D reconstruction of Compton camera images

Author

Voichita Maxim, E. Hilaire, X. Lojacono, Rémy Prost, Etienne Testa, Denis Dauvergne, J. Krimmer, Isabelle E. Magnin, Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Imagerie et modélisation Vasculaires, Thoraciques et Cérébrales (MOTIVATE), Images et Modèles, 4 - Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé ( CREATIS ), Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon ( INSA Lyon ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Hospices Civils de Lyon ( HCL ) -Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] ( UJM ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon ( IPNL ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), and 1 - Imagerie et modélisation Vasculaires, Thoraciques et Cérébrales ( MOTIVATE )

Subjects
Computer science, Monte Carlo method, Iterative reconstruction, Compton camera, [ SPI.SIGNAL ] Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Quality (physics), Imaging, Three-Dimensional, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Computer vision, Sensitivity (control systems), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], System matrix, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Models, Statistical, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, 3D reconstruction, Probabilistic logic, Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted, Artificial intelligence, business, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing
Abstract

International audience; This paper addresses the problem of evaluating the system matrix and the sensitivity for iterative reconstruction in Compton camera imaging. Proposed models and numerical calculation strategies are compared through the influence they have on the three-dimensional reconstructed images. The study attempts to address four questions. First, it proposes an analytic model for the system matrix. Second, it suggests a method for its numerical validation with Monte Carlo simulated data. Third, it compares analytical models of the sensitivity factors with Monte Carlo simulated values. Finally, it shows how the system matrix and the sensitivity calculation strategies influence the quality of the reconstructed images.

Published
2015

19. Magnetized boxes for housing polarized spins in homogeneous fields

Author

Ernst W. Otten, D. Kiselev, Zahir Salhi, Werner Heil, Y. Gusev, Sergei Karpuk, T. Großmann, J. Krimmer, Jörg Schmiedeskamp, and S. Hiebel

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Condensed matter physics, Spins, Biophysics, Mechanics, Models, Theoretical, Condensed Matter Physics, Biochemistry, Homogenization (chemistry), Magnetic field, law.invention, Magnetics, Electromagnetic Fields, Homogeneous, law, Shielded cable, Computer Simulation, Spin Labels
Abstract

We present novel types of permanently magnetized as well as current powered boxes built from soft-ferromagnetic materials. They provide shielded magnetic fields which are homogeneous within a large fraction of the enclosed volume, thus minimizing size, weight, and costs. For the permanently magnetized solutions, homogenization is achieved either by an optimized distribution of the permanent field sources or by jacketing the field with a soft-ferromagnetic cylindrical shell which is magnetized in parallel to the enclosed field. The latter principle may be applied up to fields of about 0.1 T. With fields of about 1 mT, such boxes are being used for shipping spin-polarized 3 He worldwide for MRI purposes. For current powered boxes, we present concepts and realizations of uniaxial and tri-axial shielded magnetic fields which are homogeneous on the level of 10 −4 within the entire shielded volume. This is achieved by inserting tightly fitting solenoids into a box from soft-magnetic material. The flexible tri-axial solution suits in particular laboratory applications, e.g. for establishing a spin quantization axis.

Published
2010

20. A large area diamond-based beam tagging hodoscope for ion therapy monitoring

Author

O. Rossetto, Jean-François Muraz, M.-L. Gallin-Martel, L. Abbassi, J.-F. Motte, Ana Lacoste, G. Bosson, R. Vuiart, Denis Dauvergne, F. Rarbi, M. Yamouni, S. Curtoni, John Morse, J. Krimmer, Sara Marcatili, M. Fontana, J. Collot, W. De Nolf, J-Y. Hostachy, L. Gallin-Martel, A. Bes, T. Crozes, Etienne Testa, Murielle Salomé, Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Nanofab (Nanofab ), Institut Néel (NEEL), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Materials science, SYNTHETIC DIAMOND DETECTORS, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, QC1-999, charge collection efficiency, Chemical vapor deposition, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, CHARGE COLLECTION EFFICIENCY, Particle detector, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, ON-LINE MONITORING OF HADRON THERAPY, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Hodoscope, TIME RESOLUTION, 0103 physical sciences, Synthetic diamond detectors, time resolution, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Physics, Detector, Diamond, on-line monitoring of hadron therapy, Bunches, Beamline, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], engineering, Physics::Accelerator Physics, integrated fast read out electronics, business, Beam (structure), INTEGRATED FAST READ OUT ELECTRONICS
Abstract

International audience; The MoniDiam project is part of the French national collaboration CLaRyS (Contrôle en Ligne de l'hAdronthérapie par RaYonnements Secondaires) for on-line monitoring of hadron therapy. It relies on the imaging of nuclear reaction products that is related to the ion range. The goal here is to provide large area beam detectors with a high detection efficiency for carbon or proton beams giving time and position measurement at 100 MHz count rates (beam tagging hodoscope). High radiation hardness and intrinsic electronic properties make diamonds reliable and very fast detectors with a good signal to noise ratio. Commercial Chemical Vapor Deposited (CVD) poly-crystalline, heteroepitaxial and monocrystalline diamonds were studied. Their applicability as a particle detector was investigated using α and β radioactive sources, 95 MeV/u carbon ion beams at GANIL and 8.5 keV X-ray photon bunches from ESRF. This facility offers the unique capability of providing a focused (~1 µm) beam in bunches of 100 ps duration, with an almost uniform energy deposition in the irradiated detector volume, therefore mimicking the interaction of single ions. A signal rise time resolution ranging from 20 to 90 ps rms and an energy resolution of 7 to 9% were measured using diamonds with aluminum disk shaped surface metallization. This enabled us to conclude that polycrystalline CVD diamond detectors are good candidates for our beam tagging hodoscope development. Recently, double-side stripped metallized diamonds were tested using the XBIC (X Rays Beam Induced Current) setup of the ID21 beamline at ESRF which permits us to evaluate the capability of diamond to be used as position sensitive detector. The final detector will consist in a mosaic arrangement of double-side stripped diamond sensors read out by a dedicated fast-integrated electronics of several hundreds of channels. Index Terms— Synthetic diamond detectors, on-line monitoring of hadron therapy, charge collection efficiency, time resolution, integrated fast read out electronics

Published
2018

21. A highly polarized target for the electron beam at MAMI

Author

D. Kiselev, Ernst W. Otten, S. Karpuk, M. O. Distler, Werner Heil, J. Krimmer, and Zahir Salhi

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Polarization (waves), Polarized target, Optical pumping, Nuclear physics, Optics, Metastability, Cathode ray, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, business, Instrumentation, Microtron, Electron scattering
Abstract

Polarized He 3 from metastability exchange optical pumping (MEOP) is used as an effective polarized neutron target for electron scattering experiments at the MAinz MIcrotron (MAMI). With the present setup an initial polarization of up to 72% has been obtained at the experimental area. A novel calibration technique will be presented which allows the determination of the absolute polarization within a relative uncertainty of 3%.

Published
2009

22. Epilepsy outcomes in elderly treated with topiramate

Author

H, Stefan, L, Hubbertz, I, Peglau, J, Berrouschot, B, Kasper, A, Schreiner, J, Krimmer, B, Schauble, and Wild

Subjects
Male, Topiramate, medicine.medical_specialty, Fructose, Central nervous system disease, Epilepsy, Quality of life, Seizures, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Adverse effect, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, business.industry, General Medicine, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, Clinical trial, Neurology, Tolerability, Anesthesia, Adjunctive treatment, Quality of Life, Anticonvulsants, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Objectives – To explore effectiveness, tolerability and quality of life in elderly patients with epilepsy treated with topiramate. Methods – One year, open-label, flexible-dosing clinical trial. Results – One hundred and seven patients (mean age 69 years, 53% men) were studied during 273 ± 141 days. The average final dose in monotherapy was 98 mg/day vs 153 mg/day in adjunctive treatment. Mean monthly cumulative seizure frequency decreased from 3.7 ± 15 to 1.6 ± 7.7 (n = 101, P

Published
2008

23. Technical Note: Experimental carbon ion range verification in inhomogeneous phantoms using prompt gammas

Author

M, Pinto, M, De Rydt, D, Dauvergne, G, Dedes, N, Freud, J, Krimmer, J M, Létang, C, Ray, E, Testa, and M, Testa

Subjects
Ions, Phantoms, Imaging, Hypertonic Solutions, Humans, Polymethyl Methacrylate, Computer Simulation, Radiometry, Models, Biological, Monte Carlo Method, Polytetrafluoroethylene, Carbon
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to experimentally assess the possibility to monitor carbon ion range variations--due to tumor shift and/or elongation or shrinking--using prompt-gamma (PG) emission with inhomogeneous phantoms. Such a study is related to the development of PG monitoring techniques to be used in a carbon ion therapy context.A 95 MeV/u carbon ion beam was used to irradiate phantoms with a variable density along the ion path to mimic the presence of bone and lung in homogeneous humanlike tissue. PG profiles were obtained after a longitudinal scan of the phantoms. A setup comprising a narrow single-slit collimator and two detectors placed at 90° with respect to the beam axis was used. The time of flight technique was applied to allow the selection between PG and background events.Using the positions at 50% entrance and 50% falloff of the PG profiles, a quantity called prompt-gamma profile length (PGPL) is defined. It is possible to observe shifts in the PGPL when there are absolute ion range shifts as small as 1-2 mm. Quantitatively, for an ion range shift of -1.33 ± 0.46 mm (insertion of a Teflon slab), a PGPL difference of -1.93 ± 0.58 mm and -1.84 ± 1.27 mm is obtained using a BaF2 and a NaI(Tl) detector, respectively. In turn, when an ion range shift of 4.59 ± 0.42 mm (insertion of a lung-equivalent material slab) is considered, the difference is of 4.10 ± 0.54 and 4.39 ± 0.80 mm for the same detectors.Herein, experimental evidence of the usefulness of employing PG to monitor carbon ion range using inhomogeneous phantoms is presented. Considering the homogeneous phantom as reference, the results show that the information provided by the PG emission allows for detecting ion range shifts as small as 1-2 mm. When considering the expected PG emission from an energy slice in a carbon ion therapy scenario, the experimental setup would allow to retrieve the same PGPL as the high statistics of the full experimental dataset in 58% of the times. However, this success rate increases to 93% when using a better optimized setup by means of Monte Carlo simulations.

Published
2015

24. Collimated prompt gamma TOF measurements with multi-slit multi-detector configurations

Author

C. La Tessa, M.-H. Richard, Marco Pinto, J. Krimmer, Etienne Testa, V. Reithinger, Denis Dauvergne, George Dedes, Jean Michel Létang, M. Chevallier, M. De Rydt, Christoph Schuy, Julie Constanzo, Nicolas Freud, Ilaria Rinaldi, R. Pleskac, Cédric Ray, P. Henriquet, F. Roellinghoff, M. Testa, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Biophysics Department [Darmstadt], Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center - HIT, and Heidelberg University Clinic

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, PET PET/CT, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Collimated light, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, Instrumentation for hadron therapy, law, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Medical physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Coronary CT angiography (CTA), Gamma camera, SPECT, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, coronary CT angiography (CTA), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Scattering, Detector, Collimator, Electromagnetic shielding, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract

International audience; Longitudinal prompt-gamma ray profiles have been measured with a multi-slit multi-detector configuration at a 75 MeV/u 13C beam and with a PMMA target. Selections in time-of-flight and energy have been applied in order to discriminate prompt-gamma rays produced in the target from background events. The ion ranges which have been extracted from each individual detector module agree amongst each other and are consistent with theoretical expectations. In a separate dedicated experiment with 200 MeV/u 12C ions the fraction of inter-detector scattering has been determined to be on the 10%-level via a combination of experimental results and simulations. At the same experiment different collimator configurations have been tested and the shielding properties of tungsten and lead for prompt-gamma rays have been measured.

Published
2015

25. Development of a Compton camera for medical applications based on silicon strip and scintillation detectors

Author

M. Magne, H. Mathez, J. Krimmer, L. Lestand, Denis Dauvergne, Gerard Montarou, Jean Michel Létang, C. Abellan, J.-L. Ley, M. Dahoumane, B. Joly, D. Lambert, Marco Pinto, X. Chen, C. Morel, V. Reithinger, L. Caponetto, Voichita Maxim, Cédric Ray, Nicolas Freud, J.-P. Cachemiche, Y. Zoccarato, Etienne Testa, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Langage, lettres et arts du spectacle, information et communication - Dpt Journalisme (UGA UFR LLASIC J), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Silicon, business.industry, Detector, chemistry.chemical_element, STRIPS, Bismuth germanate, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, 0302 clinical medicine, Optics, chemistry, Stack (abstract data type), Hodoscope, law, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract

International audience; A Compton camera is being developed for the purpose of ion-range monitoring during hadrontherapy via the detection of prompt-gamma rays. The system consists of a scintillating fiber beam tagging hodoscope, a stack of double sided silicon strip detectors (90 Â 90 Â 2 mm 3 , 2 Â 64 strips) as scatter detectors, as well as bismuth germanate (BGO) scintillation detectors (38 Â 35 Â 30 mm 3 , 100 blocks) as absorbers. The individual components will be described, together with the status of their characterization.

Published
2015

26. A Low Noise and High Dynamic Range CMOS Integrated Electronics associated with Double Sided Silicon Strip Detectors for a Compton Camera gamma-ray Detecting System

Author

Etienne Testa, J. Krimmer, Mokrane Dahoumane, Denis Dauvergne, Y. Zoccarato, J.-L. Ley, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Rayet, Béatrice

Subjects
Engineering, Comparator, 02 engineering and technology, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, law, 0103 physical sciences, Hardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITS, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], High dynamic range, Digital electronics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Dynamic range, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Detector, Transistor, Electrical engineering, Linearity, CMOS, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Optoelectronics, business
Abstract

International audience; An 8-channel Front End integrated Electronics (FEE) circuit is designed and fabricated using the AMS-CMOS 0.35 μm process to equip a Compton camera system for quality control in Hadrontherapy. The circuit provides the energy deposited by prompt γ rays interacting in a 2 mm thick Double sided Silicon Strip Detector (DSSD), the (x,y,z) space coordinates and the time of the interaction. Each channel includes a Charge Sensitive Amplifier (CSA) followed by two parallel shapers. Slow and fast shapers, with 1 μs and 15 ns shaping time are used to measure the energy and time stamping, respectively. In order to increase the detection efficiency, a 3 bit multi-gain configuration is chosen to implement the fast shaper. The output of the latter is sent to a voltage comparator which provides a digital signal used as event time stamp and resetting signal of the CSA feedbackcapacitor to avoid pileup or circuit saturation. A 5 bit DAC is integrated to compensate any comparator offset dispersion between channels. A programmable digital circuit is also integrated in this design to adjust the delay and the width of the reset signal. All configuration settings are controlled by an I2C interface circuit which is integrated in the circuit. The present design provides the readout of the two sides of the DSSD thanksto a hole or electron configurable system. All the functionalitiesof the design have been successfully tested and validated. The testresults are in good agreement with analytical and simulationcalculations. A high linearity over a range of 3×103 to 3×106electrons is reached with a conversion gain of 3.6 mV/fC. Thecircuit (CSA output) achieves an ENC (Equivalent Noise Charge)of 290 electrons rms. The circuit dissipates 23 mW/channel andoccupies an area of 2×4.5 mm2, including pads.

Published
2014

27. High energy channelling and the experimental search for the internal clock predicted by Louis de Broglie

Author

J. Krimmer, Yuichi Takabayashi, R. Kirsch, Etienne Testa, Marius Chevallier, Denis Dauvergne, Catalina Curceanu, X. Artru, S.B. Dabagov, M. Gouanère, H. Guérin, R. Chehab, J. Remillieux, Cédric Ray, J.-C. Poizat, M. Bajard, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati (LNF), and Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Field (physics), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Electron, Channelling, Nuclear physics, Quantum mechanics, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, Zitterbewegung, Matter wave, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Atomic collisions
Abstract

International audience; This paper gives a short review of the past and recent activities of the Atomic Collisions in Solids Lyon-group, in collaboration with other groups, in the field of high energy channelling. The ion-channelling programme was performed at GANIL-Caen and at GSI-Darmstadt. The electron-channelling programme started at ALS-Saclay for relativistic incident energies and was then extended to SPS-CERN for ultra-relativistic energies. The last part of this paper presents the electron-channelling experiments performed originally at ALS-Saclay, then at BTF-Frascati and more recently at LS-Saga, in order to observe the electron “internal clock” predicted in 1924 by L. de Broglie.

Published
2014

28. Measurement of the G asymmetry for the γp↦Nπ channels in the Δ(1232) resonance region

Author

J. R. M. Annand, J. Ahrens, E. Heid, R. Beck, G. Rosner, Naoaki Horikawa, St. Goertz, A. Braghieri, G. Reicherz, R. Van de Vyver, R. Kondratiev, P. Grabmayr, P. Jennewein, Saverio Altieri, J. C. McGeorge, B. Lannoy, J. Krimmer, S. Hasegawa, O. Jahn, A. Panzeri, I. Preobrajenski, H. Dutz, F. Zapadtka, M. Lang, N. d'Hose, Dirk Ryckbosch, L. Van Hoorebeke, W. Meyer, K. Livingston, T. Pinelli, Martin Schumacher, H. J. Arends, B. Seitz, M. Rost, G. Tamas, H. Holvoet, Anthony W. Thomas, Takahiro Iwata, P. Pedroni, T. Rostomyan, and Th. Walcher

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Resonance, Observable, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Nuclear fusion, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Microtron, media_common
Abstract

The G asymmetry of the γp↦Nπ reaction has been measured for the first time for Eγ = 340±14 MeV. This observable, for which very scarce published data exist, plays an important role to disentangle the contributions of the various nucleon resonances. The experiment, performed at the Mainz microtron MAMI, used a 4π-detector system, a linearly polarized, tagged photon beam, and a longitudinally polarized proton target.

Published
2005

29. Intermediate resonance excitation in the γp→pπ0π0 reaction

Author

J. Harmsen, A Thomas, R. Van de Vyver, L. Van Hoorebeke, D von Harrach, A. Panzeri, P. Jennewein, Kurt Hansen, I. Preobrajenski, B Schoch, E. Radtke, T Michel, R. Leukel, F. Wissmann, A Braghieri, F. Zapadtka, M. Lang, T. Hasegawa, H Holvoet, B Seitz, J. Naumann, HJ Arends, N. Takabayashi, T Pinelli, W. Meyer, M. Sauer, S Goertz, C Bradtke, E. Reichert, D Ryckbosch, W. Weihofen, S Hasegawa, F. Klein, J Ahrens, O. Jahn, G. Zeitler, V Lisin, A. Wakai, S Altieri, E. Heid, T. Kageya, N. Degrande, D. Menze, Takahiro Iwata, G. Tamas, Jrm Annand, B Lannoy, P. Grabmayr, B Kiel, H Dutz, A. Meier, T. Speckner, T. Rostomyan, R Kondratiev, G Reicherz, N. d'Hose, P Pedroni, JC McGeorge, Ch. Rohlof, K. Aulenbacher, T. Matsuda, R Beck, K. Kossert, G Rosner, K. Helbing, J. Krimmer, M Schumacher, Gisela Anton, and N Horikawa

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Resonance, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Cross section (geometry), Nuclear physics, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Spin (physics)
Abstract

The helicity dependence of the total cross section for the (gamma) over right arrow(p) over right arrow -> p pi(0)pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time at incident photon energies from 400 to 800 MeV. The measurement, performed at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz, used the large acceptance detector DAPHNE and a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target. This channel is found to be excited predominantly when the photon and proton have a parallel spin orientation, most likely due to the intermediate production of the D-13(1520) resonance. However, the contribution of the antiparallel spin configuration, arising from other reaction mechanisms, is also not negligible. This result gives important new information to resolve the existing model discrepancies in the identification of the nucleon resonances contributing to this channel.

Published
2005

30. The FIRST experiment at GSI

Author

G. Ickert, A. Bocci, Herbert A. Simon, C. Agodi, Francesco Romano, A. Paoloni, M. Carpinelli, M. Rousseau, Eleuterio Spiriti, Christoph Schuy, C. Finck, C. Scheidenberger, Alessio Sarti, J. Krimmer, Roberto Sacchi, Yvonne Leifels, Valeria Sipala, Z. Abou-Haidar, M. C. Morone, N. Kurz, Luca Piersanti, Felice Iazzi, H. Younis, Piernicola Oliva, D. M. Rossi, Giacomo Cuttone, Marco Durante, M. Labalme, C. Sfienti, J. M. Quesada, L. Stuttge, R. Pleskac, S. Leray, V. Monaco, G.A.P. Cirrone, Antonio Brunetti, E. Iarocci, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, S. Tropea, Paola Sala, M. A. G. Alvarez, J. P. Fernández-García, G. Raciti, María Isabel Gallardo, A. Le Fèvre, D. Juliani, R. Introzzi, Giuseppe Battistoni, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, Flavio Marchetto, Thomas Aumann, A. Boudard, M. De Napoli, Nunzio Randazzo, Bruno Golosio, T. T. Bohlen, R., Pleskac, Z., Abou Haidar, C., Agodi, M. A. G., Alvarez, T., Aumann, G., Battistoni, A., Bocci, T. T., Böhlen, A., Boudard, A., Brunetti, M., Carpinelli, G. A. P., Cirrone, M. A., Cortes Giraldo, G., Cuttone, M., De Napoli, Durante, Marco, J. P., Fernández García, C., Finck, B., Golosio, M. I., Gallardo, E., Iarocci, F., Iazzi, G., Ickert, R., Introzzi, D., Juliani, J., Krimmer, N., Kurz, M., Labalme, Y., Leifel, A., Le Fevre, S., Leray, F., Marchetto, V., Monaco, M. C., Morone, P., Oliva, A., Paoloni, L., Piersanti, J. M., Quesada, G., Raciti, N., Randazzo, F., Romano, D., Rossi, M., Rousseau, R., Sacchi, P., Sala, A., Sarti, C., Scheidenberger, C., Schuy, A., Sciubba, C., Sfienti, H., Simon, V., Sipala, E., Spiriti, L., Stuttge, S., Tropea, H., Youni, V., Patera, Département de Physique Nucléaire (ex SPhN) (DPHN), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Pleskac, R, Abou Haidar, Z, Agodi, C, Alvarez, M, Aumann, T, Battistoni, G, Bocci, A, Bohlen, T, Boudard, A, Brunetti, A, Carpinelli, M, Cirrone, G, Cortes Giraldo, M, Cuttone, G, De Napoli, M, Durante, M, Fernandez Garcia, J, Finck, C, Golosio, B, Gallardo, M, Iarocci, E, Iazzi, F, Ickert, G, Introzzi, R, Juliani, D, Krimmer, J, Kurz, N, Labalme, M, Leifels, Y, Le Fevre, A, Leray, S, Marchetto, F, Monaco, V, Morone, M, Oliva, P, Paoloni, A, Piersanti, L, Quesada, J, Raciti, G, Randazzo, N, Romano, F, Rossi, D, Rousseau, M, Sacchi, R, Sala, P, Sarti, A, Scheidenberger, C, Schuy, C, Sciubba, A, Sfienti, C, Simon, H, Sipala, V, Spiriti, E, Stuttge, L, Tropea, S, Younis, H, and Patera, V

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Ion beam, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, medicine.medical_treatment, Nuclear physics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Scintillator, Elementary-particle, FIRST, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Wire chamber, Dipole magnet, Fragmentation, PARTICLE THERAPY, hadrontherapy, fragmentation, nuclear physics, elementary-particle, instrumentation, experimental methods, Hadrontherapy, 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Neutron detection, ddc:530, Gaseous detector, ION-BEAM, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, DETECTOR, Instrumentation, GEANT4, FLUKA CODE, FRAGMENTATION, BENCHMARKING, RADIOTHERAPY, TRANSPORT, Physics, Particle therapy, Time projection chamber, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Experimental methods, Detector, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin)
Abstract

The FIRST (Fragmentation of Ions Relevant for Space and Therapy) experiment at the SIS accelerator of GSI laboratory in Darmstadt has been designed for the measurement of ion fragmentation cross-sections at different angles and energies between 100 and 1000 MeV/nucleon. Nuclear fragmentation processes are relevant in several fields of basic research and applied physics and are of particular interest for tumor therapy and for space radiation protection applications. The start of the scientific program of the FIRST experiment was on summer 2011 and was focused on the measurement of 400 MeV/nucleon 12C beam fragmentation on thin (8 mm) graphite target. The detector is partly based on an already existing setup made of a dipole magnet (ALADiN), a time projection chamber (TP-MUSIC IV), a neutron detector (LAND) and a time of flight scintillator system (TOFWALL). This pre-existing setup has been integrated with newly designed detectors in the Interaction Region, around the carbon target placed in a sample changer. The new detectors are a scintillator Start Counter, a Beam Monitor drift chamber, a silicon Vertex Detector and a Proton Tagger scintillator system optimized for the detection of light fragments emitted at large angles. In this paper we review the experimental setup, then we present the simulation software, the data acquisition system and finally the trigger strategy of the experiment., This work has been supported by the European Community FP7 - Capacities, contract ENSAR n° 262010. This work was also supported by Junta de Andalucia and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion Contracts P07-FQM-02894, FIS2008-04189 and FPA2008-04972-C03.

Published
2012

31. Performance of upstream interaction region detectors for the FIRST experiment at GSI

Author

Valeria Sipala, Vincenzo Patera, A. Sciubba, C. Finck, M. C. Morone, Felice Iazzi, D. M. Rossi, Z. Abou-Haidar, María Isabel Gallardo, Piernicola Oliva, L. Stuttge, A. Boudard, M. Anelli, J. Krimmer, Herbert A. Simon, Marco Durante, Valeria Rosso, J. M. Quesada, R. Introzzi, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, R. Pleskac, V. Monaco, G.A.P. Cirrone, E. Iarocci, Thomas Aumann, T. T. Bohlen, Francesco Romano, Paola Sala, Flavio Marchetto, A Le F{èvre, A. Paoloni, Nunzio Randazzo, M. A. G. Alvarez, M. Carpinelli, Eleuterio Spiriti, C Sfienti, Bruno Golosio, Yvonne Leifels, A. Bocci, Antonio Brunetti, Giacomo Cuttone, N. Kurz, M. Labalme, Luca Piersanti, M. Rousseau, S. Tropea, H. Younis, C. Agodi, Alessio Sarti, G. Ickert, Christoph Schuy, J. P. Fernández-García, Roberto Sacchi, S. Leray, M. De Napoli, D. Juliani, Giuseppe Battistoni, Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Z., Abou Haidar, C., Agodi, M. A. G., Alvarez, M., Anelli, T., Aumann, G., Battistoni, A., Bocci, T. T., Böhlen, A., Boudard, A., Brunetti, M., Carpinelli, G. A. P., Cirrone, M. A., Cortes Giraldo, G., Cuttone, M., De Napoli, Durante, Marco, J. P., Fernández García, C., Finck, M. I., Gallardo, B., Golosio, E., Iarocci, F., Iazzi, G., Ickert, R., Introzzi, D., Juliani, J., Krimmer, N., Kurz, M., Labalme, Y., Leifel, A., Le F{èvre, S., Leray, F., Marchetto, V., Monaco, M. C., Morone, P., Oliva, A., Paoloni, V., Patera, L., Piersanti, R., Pleskac, J. M., Quesada, N., Randazzo, F., Romano, D., Rossi, V., Rosso, M., Rousseau, R., Sacchi, P., Sala, A., Sarti, C., Schuy, A., Sciubba, C., Sfienti, H., Simon, V., Sipala, E., Spiriti, L., Stuttge, S., Tropea, H., Younis, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abou Haidar, Z, Agodi, C, Alvarez, M, Anelli, M, Aumann, T, Battistoni, G, Bocci, A, Bohlen, T, Boudard, A, Brunetti, A, Carpinelli, M, Cirrone, G, Cortes Giraldo, M, Cuttone, G, De Napol, I, Durante, M, Fernandez Garcia, J, Finck, C, Gallardo, M, Golosio, B, Iarocci, E, Iazzi, F, Ickert, G, Introzzi, R, Juliani, D, Krimmer, J, Kurz, N, Labalme, M, Leifels, Y, Le Fevre, A, Leray, S, Marchetto, F, Monaco, V, Morone, M, Oliva, P, Paoloni, A, Patera, V, Piersanti, L, Pleskac, R, Quesada, J, Randazzo, N, Romano, F, Rossi, D, Rosso, V, Rousseau, M, Sacchi, R, Sala, P, Sarti, A, Schuy, C, Sciubba, A, Sfienti, C, Simon, H, Sipala, V, Spiriti, E, Stuttge, L, Tropea, S, and Younis, H

Subjects
Wire chambers (MWPC, gas and liquid scintillators), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 29.40.Mc, 29.40.Cs, 29.40.Gx, Electron, FIRST, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Wire chambers(MWPC, Thin-gap chambers, drift chambers, drift tubes, proportional, chambers etc), Gaseous detectors, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 0302 clinical medicine, chambers etc), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, drift tubes, Mathematical Physics, Physics, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Carbon-12, Scintillators, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, gas and liquid scintillators), Charged particle, Wire chambers (MWPC, Thin-gap chambers, drift chambers, drift tubes, proportional chambers etc), proportional chambers etc), proportional chambers etc) Particle tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors) Scintillators, Scintillators, article tracking detectors (Gaseous detectors), gas and liquid scintillators) Gaseous detectors, Wire chambers(MWPC, Thin-gap chambers, drift chambers, scintillation and light emission processes (solid, Scintillator, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Wirechambers(MWPC,Thin-gapchambers,driftchambers,drifttubes,proportional chambers etc), Particle detector, Ion, proportional, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Gaseous detector, ddc:610, 010306 general physics, Settore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali, Ambientali, Biol.e Medicin), Measuring instrument, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Beam (structure), particle tracking detectors (gaseous detectors), scintillators, wire chambers(mwpc, thin-gap chambers, wire chambers (mwpc, gaseous detectors
Abstract

Open Access.-- et al., The FIRST (Fragmentation of Ions Relevant for Space and Therapy) experiment at GSI has been designed to study carbon fragmentation, measuring 12C double differential cross sections (∂2σ/∂θ∂E) for different beam energies between 100 and 1000 MeV/u. The experimental setup integrates newly designed detectors in the, so called, Interaction Region around the graphite target. The Interaction Region upstream detectors are a 250 μm thick scintillator and a drift chamber optimized for a precise measurement of the ions interaction time and position on the target. In this article we review the design of the upstream detectors along with the preliminary results of the data taking performed on August 2011 with 400 MeV/u fully stripped carbon ion beam at GSI. Detectors performances will be reviewed and compared to those obtained during preliminary tests, performed with 500 MeV electrons (at the BTF facility in the INFN Frascati Laboratories) and 80 MeV/u protons and carbon ions (at the INFN LNS Laboratories in Catania)., This work has been supported by the European Community FP7 - Capacities, contract ENSAR nº 262010. This work was also supported by Junta de Andalucia and the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion Contracts P07-FQM-02894, FIS2008-04189 and FPA2008-04972-C03.

Published
2012

32. Helicity dependence of the $\gamma p\rightarrow N \pi$ channels and multipole analysis in the $\Delta$ region

Author

J. Harmsen, R. Van de Vyver, T Michel, H Holvoet, Ch. Rohlof, S Hasegawa, P. Jennewein, K. Aulenbacher, B Seitz, D. Menze, T. Kageya, W. Weihofen, A. Panzeri, G. Zeitler, B Kiel, J Ahrens, Jrm Annand, B Lannoy, I. Preobrajenski, F. Zapadtka, M. Lang, Lothar Tiator, P. Grabmayr, C Bradtke, T. Speckner, O. Jahn, G Reicherz, S Goertz, R Kondratiev, V Lisin, T Pinelli, HJ Arends, K. Helbing, T. Hasegawa, D Ryckbosch, N Degrande, E. Radtke, E. Heid, A Braghieri, N. Takabayashi, G. Tamas, J. Naumann, R Beck, K. Kossert, G Rosner, Dieter Drechsel, W. Meyer, F. Klein, JC McGeorge, Kurt Hansen, M Schumacher, B Schoch, D von Harrach, H Dutz, A. Wakai, A. Meier, P Pedroni, Gisela Anton, N Horikawa, M. Sauer, T. Matsuda, L. Van Hoorebeke, N. d'Hose, J. Krimmer, A Thomas, R. Leukel, S Altieri, E. Reichert, Takahiro Iwata, and F. Wissmann

Subjects
Delta, Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Pi, Atomic physics, Photon beam, Multipole expansion, Resonance (particle physics), Microtron, Helicity
Abstract

A high-quality double-polarization data set for the helicity dependence of the total and differential cross-sections for both gammap --> Npi channels in the Delta region has been obtained in the framework of the GDH experiment. The experiment, performed at the Mainz microtron MAMI, used a 4pi detection system, a circularly polarized photon beam, and a longitudinally polarized frozen-spin target. These data are included in the database to perform a multipole analysis to determine the properties of the Delta(1232)-resonance. For the resonant Delta(1232) multipoles we find a very good agreement with previous analyses, while the nonresonant ones show significant deviations.

Published
2004

34. Experimental verification of the GDH sum rule up to 3 GeV

Author

J. Krimmer

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Proton, Error bar, Nuclear Theory, Detector, Sum rule in quantum mechanics, Electron, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract

The GDH sum rule has been tested for the first time at the electron accelerators MAMI in Mainz and ELSA in Bonn, using circularly polarized photons, a longitudinally polarized nucleon target together with 4 π detector systems. The results agrees within error bars with the sum rule value for the proton.

Published
2003

35. Helicity dependence of the γ→p→→nπ+π0 reaction in the second resonance region

Author

T Pinelli, W. Weihofen, N Degrande, O. Jahn, T Michel, I. Preobrajenski, H Holvoet, F. Zapadtka, M. Lang, R Kondratiev, D. Menze, S Hasegawa, Kurt Hansen, R. Van de Vyver, N. Takabayashi, B Schoch, P. Grabmayr, S Altieri, J. Krimmer, Jrm Annand, B Lannoy, F. Klein, J. Naumann, A. Panzeri, C Bradtke, E. Reichert, A Braghieri, T. Rostomyan, A. Wakai, J. Harmsen, C Rovelli, HJ Arends, M. Sauer, R. Leukel, H Dutz, A. Meier, P Pedroni, W. Meyer, G. Tamas, B Seitz, Gisela Anton, N Horikawa, D von Harrach, T. Kageya, J Ahrens, E. Heid, T. Speckner, T. Hasegawa, R Beck, F. Wissmann, K. Kossert, G Rosner, JC McGeorge, S Goertz, E. Radtke, D Ryckbosch, T. Matsuda, L. Van Hoorebeke, B Kiel, G Reicherz, G. Zeitler, P. Jennewein, N. d'Hose, Takahiro Iwata, V Lisin, K. Helbing, A Thomas, Ch. Rohlof, K. Aulenbacher, and M Schumacher

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Resonance, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Cross section (geometry), Nuclear physics, Excited state, 0103 physical sciences, Pi, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Spin (physics)
Abstract

The helicity dependence of the total cross section for the (γ) over right arrow(p) over right arrownpi(+) pi(0) reaction has been measured for the first time at incident photon energies from 400 to 800 MeV The measurement was performed with the large acceptance detector DAPHNE at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz. This channel is found to be excited predominantly when the photon and proton have a parallel spin orientation, due to the intermediate production of the D-13 resonance. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

Published
2003

36. An online monitor system for high energy photon beams

Author

P. Grabmayr, M. Sauer, and J. Krimmer

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Phase (waves), Image intensifier, Image processing, Scintillator, law.invention, Software, Optics, Position (vector), law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure), Graphical user interface
Abstract

An apparatus and corresponding software for optimization of photon beams during the beam development phase and for monitoring during experiments is described. The system consists of a scintillator positioned in the beam, an image intensifier and a highly sensitive CCD camera. The CCD camera is read out and controlled by a PC via a frame-grabber card. Software control of the camera and a graphical interface have been developed. The intensity as well as the position of the beam can be constantly supervised online.

Published
2002

37. Erratum: Double-differential fragmentation cross-section measurements of 95 MeV/nucleonC12beams on thin targets for hadron therapy [Phys. Rev. C88, 024606 (2013)]

Author

Ch. Finck, J. Colin, J. Krimmer, S. Salvador, H. Guérin, J. Dudouet, M. G. Saint-Laurent, B. Braunn, J. C. Angélique, D. Juliani, M. Labalme, Marc Rousseau, D. Cussol, J.M. Fontbonne, and P. Henriquet

Subjects
Nuclear physics, Hadron therapy, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Atomic physics, Nucleon
Published
2014

38. Assessment and improvements of Geant4 hadronic models in the context of prompt-gamma hadrontherapy monitoring

Author

J. Krimmer, Marco Pinto, Denis Dauvergne, Jean Michel Létang, Etienne Testa, Nicolas Freud, Cédric Ray, George Dedes, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Department of Medical Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Range (particle radiation), Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, Proton, Radiotherapy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Monte Carlo method, Hadron, Nuclear Theory, Context (language use), 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Gamma Rays, 0103 physical sciences, Humans, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, [SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing, Monte Carlo Method
Abstract

International audience; Monte Carlo simulations are nowadays essential tools for a wide range of research topics in the field of radiotherapy. They also play an important role in the effort to develop a real-time monitoring system for quality assurance in proton and carbon ion therapy, by means of prompt-gamma detection. The internal theoretical nuclear models of Monte Carlo simulation toolkits are of decisive importance for the accurate description of neutral or charged particle emission, produced by nuclear interactions between beam particles and target nuclei. We assess the performance of Geant4 nuclear models in the context of prompt-gamma emission, comparing them with experimental data from proton and carbon ion beams. As has been shown in the past and further indicated in our study, the prompt-gamma yields are consistently overestimated by Geant4 by a factor of about 100% to 200% over an energy range from 80 to 310 MeV/u for the case of 12C, and to a lesser extent for 160 MeV protons. Furthermore, we focus on the quantum molecular dynamics (QMD) modeling of ion-ion collisions, in order to optimize its description of light nuclei, which are abundant in the human body and mainly anticipated in hadrontherapy applications. The optimization has been performed by benchmarking QMD free parameters with well established nuclear properties. In addition, we study the effect of this optimization on charged particle emission. With the usage of the proposed parameter values, discrepancies reduce to less than 70%, with the highest values being attributed to the nucleon-ion induced prompt-gammas. This conclusion, also confirmed by the disagreement we observe in the case of proton beams, indicates the need for further investigation on nuclear models which describe proton and neutron induced nuclear reactions.

Published
2014

39. Performance of the reconstruction algorithms of the FIRST experiment pixel sensors vertex detector

Author

Herbert A. Simon, A. Paoloni, M. Carpinelli, E. Iarocci, M. Labalme, Nunzio Randazzo, M. Vanstalle, Paola Sala, Felice Iazzi, D. Juliani, Bruno Golosio, M. De Napoli, Giacomo Cuttone, R. Pleskac, Giuseppe Battistoni, Marco Durante, J. Krimmer, Antonio Brunetti, J. M. Quesada, D. M. Rossi, A. Bocci, Valeria Sipala, Piernicola Oliva, N. Kurz, G. Ickert, V. Monaco, Yvonne Leifels, C. Sfienti, M. A. G. Alvarez, R. Rescigno, M. C. Morone, A. Le Fèvre, Flavio Marchetto, Thomas Aumann, M. Rousseau, Z. Abou-Haidar, J. Baudot, H. Younis, T. T. Böhlen, G.A.P. Cirrone, C. Scheidenberger, Vincenzo Patera, Roberto Sacchi, A. Sciubba, María Isabel Gallardo, Luca Piersanti, A. Boudard, S. Tropea, Fabrizio Romano, R. Introzzi, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, C. Agodi, Eleuterio Spiriti, S. Leray, Ch. Finck, Alessio Sarti, Christoph Schuy, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Rescigno, R, Finck, C, Juliani, D, Spiriti, E, Baudot, J, Abou Haidar, Z, Agodi, C, Alvarez, M, Aumann, T, Battistoni, G, Bocci, A, Boehlen, T, Boudard, A, Brunetti, A, Carpinelli, M, Cirrone, G, Cortes Giraldo, M, Cuttone, G, De Napoli, M, Durante, M, Gallardo, M, Golosio, B, Iarocci, E, Iazzi, F, Ickert, G, Introzzi, R, Krimmer, J, Kurz, N, Labalme, M, Leifels, Y, Le Fevre, A, Leray, S, Marchetto, F, Monaco, V, Morone, M, Oliva, P, Paoloni, A, Patera, V, Piersanti, L, Pleskac, R, Quesada, J, Randazzo, N, Romano, F, Rossi, D, Rousseau, M, Sacchi, R, Sala, P, Sarti, A, Scheidenberger, C, Schuy, C, Sciubba, A, Sfienti, C, Simon, H, Sipala, V, Tropea, S, Vanstalle, M, Younis, H, and Universidad de Sevilla. Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Monte Carlo method, Physics::Medical Physics, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Particle detector, Clustering, Surface discharges, Clustering, CMOS active pixel sensors, Pixel sensors, Reconstruction algorithms, Vertex detectors, Vertexing, CMOS active pixel sensor, Vertex detector, ddc:530, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Cluster analysis, Reconstruction algorithms, Instrumentation, Pixel sensors, Physics, Pixel, Tracking, Settore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentale, CMOS technology, Vertexing, VERTEX DETECTOR, Charged particle, Semiconductor detector, Vertex detectors, Measuring instrument, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], CMOS active pixel sensors, Algorithm
Abstract

R.Rescigno et al., Hadrontherapy treatments use charged particles (e.g. protons and carbon ions) to treat tumors. During a therapeutic treatment with carbon ions, the beam undergoes nuclear fragmentation processes giving rise to significant yields of secondary charged particles. An accurate prediction of these production rates is necessary to estimate precisely the dose deposited into the tumours and the surrounding healthy tissues. Nowadays, a limited set of double differential carbon fragmentation cross-section is available. Experimental data are necessary to benchmark Monte Carlo simulations for their use in hadrontherapy. The purpose of the FIRST experiment is to study nuclear fragmentation processes of ions with kinetic energy in the range from 100 to 1000 MeV/u. Tracks are reconstructed using information from a pixel silicon detector based on the CMOS technology. The performances achieved using this device for hadrontherapy purpose are discussed. For each reconstruction step (clustering, tracking and vertexing), different methods are implemented. The algorithm performances and the accuracy on reconstructed observables are evaluated on the basis of simulated and experimental data.

Published
2014

40. Helicity dependence of the γ 3He → πX reactions in the Δ(1232) resonance region

Author

M. Unverzagt, I. J. D. MacGregor, R. Beck, F. Pheron, V. L. Kashevarov, F. Rigamonti, S. Cherepnya, B. M. K. Nefkens, W. J. Briscoe, A. N. Mushkarenkov, R. Kondratiev, J. R. M. Annand, G. Rosner, D. M. Manley, A. Starostin, M. Korolija, A. Nikolaev, P. Aguar Bartolomé, M. Oberle, B. Krusche, Giuseppe Mandaglio, A. Polonski, A. Kulbardis, M. Thiel, E. J. Downie, I. Jaegle, D. Hornidge, M. Ostrick, S. Costanza, A. J. Sarty, J. Ahrens, D. Howdle, B. Oussena, D. P. Watts, J. Mancell, D. Werthmüller, L. V. Fil'kov, D. G. Middleton, J. C. McGeorge, V. S. Bekrenev, H. Berghäuser, K. Livingston, T. C. Jude, J. Krimmer, T. Rostomyan, I. Supek, S. Schumann, H. J. Arends, P. B. Otte, A. Fix, P. Pedroni, I. Keshelashvili, A. Braghieri, M. Romaniuk, David Hamilton, S. P. Kruglov, V. Lisin, O. Jahn, Werner Heil, G. M. Huber, D. I. Glazier, S. N. Prakhov, Andy Thomas, C. Collicott, P. Drexler, H. Ortega, Volker Metag, and E. Heid

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Elementary particle, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Nuclear physics, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Crystal Ball
Abstract

The helicity dependences of the differential cross sections for the semi-inclusive γ 3He → π0 X and γ 3He → π± X reactions have been measured for the first time in the energy region 200 < E γ 450 MeV. The experiment was performed at the tagged photon beam facility of the MAMI accelerator in Mainz using a longitudinally polarised high-pressure 3He gas target. Hadronic products were measured with the large-acceptance Crystal Ball detector complemented with additional devices for charged-particle tracking and identification. Unpolarised differential cross sections and their helicity dependence are compared with theoretical calculations using the Fix-Arenhovel model. The effect of the intermediate excitation of the Δ(1232) resonance can be clearly seen from this comparison, especially for the polarised case, where nuclear effects are relatively small. The model provides a better theoretical description of the unpolarised charged pion photoproduction data than the neutral pion channel. It does significantly better in describing the helicity-dependent data in both channels. These comparisons provide new information on the mechanisms involved in pion photoproduction on 3He and suggest that a polarised 3He target can provide valuable information on the corresponding polarised quasi-free neutron reactions.

Published
2014

41. Helicity Dependence ofγp→Nπbelow 450 MeV and Contribution to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Sum Rule

Author

R. Kondratiev, A Braghieri, W. Meyer, A. Panzeri, R. Van de Vyver, B. Schoch, T. Kageya, J. Harmsen, E. Radtke, Saverio Altieri, K. Helbing, R.O. Owens, F. Wissmann, P. Grabmayr, W. Weihofen, H. Holvoet, B. Lannoy, D. von Harrach, M. Sauer, E. Reichert, R. Beck, J. Naumann, Martin Schumacher, J. R. M. Annand, H. Dutz, M. Steigerwald, T. Hasegawa, R. Leukel, I. Preobrajenski, H. J. Arends, F. Zapadtka, M. Lang, A. Wakai, Gisela Anton, F. Sadiq, B. Kiel, V. Lisin, J. Ahrens, N. d'Hose, Ch. Rohlof, P. Jennewein, N. Takabayashi, P Pedroni, B Seitz, K. Aulenbacher, G. Reicherz, S. Hasegawa, J. C. McGeorge, D. Menze, L. Van Hoorebeke, J. Krimmer, Kurt Hansen, T. Speckner, Andy Thomas, N. Horikawa, Dirk Ryckbosch, G. Zeitler, N. Degrande, C. Bradtke, Takahiro Iwata, T. Matsuda, K. Kossert, Frank Klein, T. Pinelli, Thilo Michel, S. Goertz, E. Heid, A. Meier, and G. Tamas

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Helicity, Nuclear physics, Pion, Polarizability, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Sum rule in quantum mechanics, Nuclear Experiment, Multipole expansion, Microtron, Spin-½
Abstract

The helicity dependence of the single pion photoproduction on the proton has been measured in the energy range from 200 to 450 MeV for the first time. The experiment, performed at the Mainz microtron MAMI, used a 4pi-detector system, a circularly polarized, tagged photon beam, and a frozen-spin target. The data obtained provide new information for multipole analyses of pion photoproduction and determine the main contributions to the Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum rule and the forward spin polarizability gamma(0).

Published
2000

42. Measurement of the Neutron Electric to Magnetic Form Factor Ratio atQ2=1.58 GeV2Using the ReactionHe→3(e→,e′n)pp

Author

J. Pochodzalla, M. M. Sargsian, S. Širca, T. Hehl, C. J. Yoon, S. Sánchez Majos, Harald Merkel, J. Krimmer, C. Ayerbe Gayoso, M. Wendel, B. S. Schlimme, L. Nungesser, M. O. Distler, M. Weinriefer, U. Müller, P. Grabmayr, Mihael Makek, D. Kiselev, M. Potokar, P. Achenbach, M. Gómez Rodríguez, Ingo Sick, F. Fellenberger, B. A. Ott, H. Fonvieille, Luca Doria, D. G. Middleton, Jan C. Bernauer, Th. Challand, Werner Heil, R. Böhm, and Damir Bosnar

Subjects
Physics, Systematic error, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Helicity, Polarized target, 0103 physical sciences, Magnetic form factor, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract

A measurement of beam helicity asymmetries in the reaction $^{3}\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{\mathrm{He}}(\stackrel{\ensuremath{\rightarrow}}{e},{e}^{\ensuremath{'}}n)pp$ is performed at the Mainz Microtron in quasielastic kinematics to determine the electric to magnetic form factor ratio of the neutron ${G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}$ at a four-momentum transfer ${Q}^{2}=1.58\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{GeV}}^{2}$. Longitudinally polarized electrons are scattered on a highly polarized $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ gas target. The scattered electrons are detected with a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, and the ejected neutrons are detected with a dedicated neutron detector composed of scintillator bars. To reduce systematic errors, data are taken for four different target polarization orientations allowing the determination of ${G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}$ from a double ratio. We find ${\ensuremath{\mu}}_{n}{G}_{E}^{n}/{G}_{M}^{n}=0.250\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.058(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.017(\mathrm{syst})$.

Published
2013

43. Double-differential fragmentation cross-section measurements of 95 MeV/nucleon12C beams on thin targets for hadron therapy

Author

S. Salvador, J. Colin, J. Dudouet, J. Krimmer, D. Cussol, Marc Rousseau, B. Braunn, Ch. Finck, M. G. Saint-Laurent, M. Labalme, H. Guérin, D. Juliani, J. C. Angélique, J.M. Fontbonne, and P. Henriquet

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Therapeutic treatment, Alpha particle, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Ion, Nuclear physics, Hadron therapy, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Beam (structure)
Abstract

During therapeutic treatment with heavy ions like carbon, the beam undergoes nuclear fragmentation and secondary light charged particles, in particular protons and alpha particles, are produced. To estimate the dose deposited into the tumors and the surrounding healthy tissues, an accurate prediction on the fluences of these secondary fragments is necessary. Nowadays, a very limited set of double di ffential carbon fragmentation cross sections are being measured in the energy range used in hadrontherapy (40 to 400 MeV/u). Therefore, new measurements are performed to determine the double di ffential cross section of carbon on di erent thin targets. This work describes the experimental results of an experiment performed on May 2011 at GANIL. The double di ffential cross sections and the angular distributions of secondary fragments produced in the 12C fragmentation at 95 MeV/u on thin targets (C, CH2, Al, Al2O3, Ti and PMMA) have been measured. The experimental setup will be precisely described, the systematic error study will be explained and all the experimental data will be presented.

Published
2013

44. Measurement of the neutron electric to magnetic form factor ratio at Q2=1.58 GeV2 using the reaction 3He[over →](e[over →],e'n)pp

Author

B S, Schlimme, P, Achenbach, C A, Ayerbe Gayoso, J C, Bernauer, R, Böhm, D, Bosnar, Th, Challand, M O, Distler, L, Doria, F, Fellenberger, H, Fonvieille, M, Gómez Rodríguez, P, Grabmayr, T, Hehl, W, Heil, D, Kiselev, J, Krimmer, M, Makek, H, Merkel, D G, Middleton, U, Müller, L, Nungesser, B A, Ott, J, Pochodzalla, M, Potokar, S, Sánchez Majos, M M, Sargsian, I, Sick, S, Sirca, M, Weinriefer, M, Wendel, and C J, Yoon

Abstract

A measurement of beam helicity asymmetries in the reaction 3He[over →](e[over →],e'n)pp is performed at the Mainz Microtron in quasielastic kinematics to determine the electric to magnetic form factor ratio of the neutron GEn/GMn at a four-momentum transfer Q2=1.58 GeV2. Longitudinally polarized electrons are scattered on a highly polarized 3He gas target. The scattered electrons are detected with a high-resolution magnetic spectrometer, and the ejected neutrons are detected with a dedicated neutron detector composed of scintillator bars. To reduce systematic errors, data are taken for four different target polarization orientations allowing the determination of GEn/GMn from a double ratio. We find μnGEn/GMn=0.250±0.058(stat)±0.017(syst).

Published
2013

45. Real-time online monitoring of the ion range by means of prompt secondary radiations

Author

J.-L. Ley, M. Chabot, Ilaria Rinaldi, M. Magne, Joel Herault, C. La Tessa, M. Dahoumane, Damien Prieels, H. Mathez, L. Lestand, M. De Rydt, Stephan Brons, V. Reithinger, L. Caponetto, C. Insa, L. Balleyguier, Voichita Maxim, D. Lambert, Baptiste Joly, Marco Pinto, J. Krimmer, R. Della Negra, R. Pleskac, Denis Dauvergne, George Dedes, Marc Winter, Jean Michel Létang, Gerard Montarou, Katia Parodi, Rémy Prost, P. Force, S. Deng, Julien Smeets, Nicolas Freud, J. Baudot, Y. Zoccarato, X. Lojacono, Etienne Testa, M. Vanstalle, M. H. Richard, Cédric Ray, F. Roellinghoff, X. Chen, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Heidelberg Ion Beam Therapy Center - HIT, Heidelberg University Clinic, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cyclotron Biomédical, Centre de Lutte contre le Cancer Antoine Lacassagne [Nice] (UNICANCER/CAL), UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-UNICANCER-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Biophysics Department [Darmstadt], Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research (GSI), Radiation Therapy and Radiation Oncology, University clinic Heidelberg, Ion Beam Applications SA, IBA, Images et Modèles, Rayet, Béatrice, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), and Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), medicine.medical_specialty, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], [PHYS.NEXP] Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Physics::Medical Physics, Detector, Gamma ray, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, 3. Good health, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Ion, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], medicine, Dosimetry, Medical physics, Gamma ray detection
Abstract

International audience; Prompt secondary radiations such as gamma rays and protons can be used for ion-range monitoring during ion therapy either on an energy-slice basis or on a pencil-beam basis. We present a review of the ongoing activities in terms of detector developments, imaging, experimental and theoretical physics issues concerning the correlation between the physical dose and hadronic processes

Published
2013

46. Comparison of two analysis methods for nuclear reaction measurements of 12C +12C interactions at 95 MeV/u for hadrontherapy

Author

J. Colin, J. Krimmer, D. Cussol, B. Braunn, H. Guérin, J. C. Angélique, D. Juliani, Marc Rousseau, M.G. Saint-Laurent, M. Labalme, J. Dudouet, J.M. Fontbonne, P. Henriquet, Ch. Finck, Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Grand Accélérateur National d'Ions Lourds (GANIL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, FOS: Physical sciences, Elementary particle, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation, 0103 physical sciences, ΔE−E, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Physics, Cross section, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Carbon-12, KaliVeda, Alpha particle, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Physics - Medical Physics, Charged particle, Semiconductor detector, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Medical Physics (physics.med-ph), Atomic physics, Nucleon
Abstract

During therapeutic treatment with heavier ions like carbon, the beam undergoes nuclear fragmentation and secondary light charged particles, in particular protons and alpha particles, are produced. To estimate the dose deposited into the tumors and the surrounding healthy tissues, the accuracy must be higher than ($\pm$3% and$\pm$1 mm). Therefore, measurements are performed to determine the double differential cross section for different reactions. In this paper, the analysis of data from 12C +12C reactions at 95 MeV/u are presented. The emitted particles are detected with \DeltaEthin-\DeltaEthick-E telescopes made of a stack of two silicon detectors and a CsI crystal. Two different methods are used to identify the particles. One is based on graphical cuts onto the \DeltaE-E maps, the second is based on the so-called KaliVeda method using a functional description of \DeltaE versus E. The results of the two methods will be presented in this paper as well as the comparison between both.

Published
2013

47. Experiment FIRST: Fragmentation of 12C beam at 400 MeV/u

Author

J. Krimmer, Roberto Sacchi, A.H. Kummali, D. M. Rossi, G. Ickert, A. Le Fèvre, B. Liu, Thomas Aumann, C. Finck, J. P. Fernández-García, Christoph Schuy, C. Agodi, M. Rousseau, L. Stuttge, M. C. Morone, F. Balestra, R. Pleskac, Alessio Sarti, E. Iarocci, R. Introzzi, M. A. Cortés-Giraldo, Antonio Brunetti, Eleuterio Spiriti, A. Boudard, Giacomo Cuttone, A. Lavagno, G.A.P. Cirrone, Adalberto Sciubba, Nunzio Randazzo, Francesco Romano, Yvonne Leifels, N. Kurz, Paola Sala, Valeria Sipala, Flavio Marchetto, Bruno Golosio, Vincenzo Patera, Herbert A. Simon, Felice Iazzi, C. Sfienti, S. Samuel, M. Carpinelli, A. Bocci, Marco Durante, S. Tropea, M. Toppi, A. Paoloni, M. A. G. Alvarez, Valeria Rosso, T.T. Boohlen, M. Labalme, Piernicola Oliva, Z. Abou-Haidar, C. Scheidenberger, H. Younis, D. Nicolosi, M. De Napoli, D. Juliani, Giuseppe Battistoni, Luciano Piersanti, Vincenzo Monaco, S. Leray, Introzzi, R, Abou Haidar, Z, Agodi, C, Alvarez, M, Aumann, T, Balestra, F, Battistoni, G, Bocci, A, Böhlen, T, Boudard, A, Brunetti, A, Carpinelli, M, Cirrone, G, Cortés Giraldo, M, Cuttone, G, De Napoli, M, Durante, M, Fernández Garcia, J, Finck, C, Golosio, B, Iarocci, E, Iazzi, F, Ickert, G, Juliani, D, Krimmer, J, Kummali, A, Kurz, N, Labalme, M, Lavagno, A, Leifels, Y, Le Févre, A, Leray, S, Liu, B, Marchetto, F, Monaco, V, Morone, M, Nicolosi, D, Oliva, P, Paoloni, A, Patera, V, Piersanti, L, Pleskac, R, Randazzo, N, Romano, F, Rossi, D, Rosso, V, Rousseau, M, Sacchi, R, Sala, P, Samuel, S, Sarti, A, Scheidenberger, C, Schuy, C, Sciubba, A, Sfienti, C, Simon, H, Sipala, V, Spiriti, E, Stuttge, L, Toppi, M, Tropea, S, and Younis, H

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, Photon, business.industry, Quantitative Biology::Tissues and Organs, Physics::Medical Physics, Radiation, Kinetic energy, FIRST, Ion Fragmentation, Ion, Time of Flight Wall, Nuclear physics, Fragmentation (mass spectrometry), Hadrontherapy, Space and Aircraft Radiation Protection, Radiation protection, Nuclear Experiment, business, Projectile fragmentation
Abstract

The knowledge about fragmentation processes in ion-ion interactions is fundamental in hadrontherapy and radiation protection in space missions. Hadrontherapy, based on 12C, features many advantages with respect to conventional radiation therapy with photons due to the possibility to shape the dose delivery region in tissues but side effects of the projectile fragmentation in healthy tissues are not negligible. NASA recently pointed out that measurements for some light ions and kinetic energies are missing in nuclear fragmentation databases. FIRST experiment aims to measure the fragmentation doubledifferential cross section of 12C in the energy range 100-1000 MeV/u on several elements, constituents of organic tissues and electronic devices, in order to fill some of the mentioned lack of information on light ions. A first set of data has been taken in 2011 at GSI (Darmstadt), using 12C beam at 400 MeV/u on C and Au targets. About 3·107 events with C target and 5 × 106 with Au target were recorded. Together with these data other sets of runs have been collected to calibrate the forward part of the whole experimental setup, the ToF-Wall. The calibration procedure and the detector performances, which fit the experiment requirements for what concerns efficiency, resolution and stability, will be illustrated. Moreover, some preliminary results concerning the 12C-12C elastic scattering, in agreement with the Rutherford model, will be presented.

Published
2013

48. Pharmacokinetics of Meloxicam in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis in Comparison with Healthy Volunteers

Author

Ulrich Busch, H. Narjes, W. Rösch, Gerhard Nehmiz, G. Heinzel, J. Krimmer, and D. Türck

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Cirrhosis, business.industry, Cmax, General Medicine, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Meloxicam, Regimen, Pharmacotherapy, Pharmacokinetics, Anesthesia, Internal medicine, Healthy volunteers, Medicine, Pharmacology (medical), Liver function, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of meloxicam were investigated in 12 patients with clinically stable liver cirrhosis after a single oral dose of 15mg. 12 healthy volunteers received the same regimen in earlier studies and the results of both groups were compared. Only minor differences in pharmacokinetic parameters were observed between the 2 groups. However, equivalence between the 2 groups could not be demonstrated, probably because of the large variation in the liver function status of the patients with cirrhosis. Mean maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) in the cirrhotic patients was 0.84 mg/L and the time to Cmax(tmax) was 10.3 hours. The corresponding values for the healthy volunteers were 0.91 mg/L and 7.0 hours, respectively. The elimination half-life (t1/2) was 16.4 hours in the cirrhotic patients and 21.2 hours in the healthy volunteers. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) was approximately 25% lower in the cirrhotic patients (25.1 mg/L•h) than in the controls (31.2 mg/L•h). The plasma protein binding of meloxicam showed no relevant difference between the 2 groups. The cirrhotic patients revealed an unbound fraction of 0.35%, compared with 0.28% in the healthy controls. Since the data presented in this report show no substantial change in pharmacokinetics, and the drug is not retained in hepatically impaired patients, no dosage adjustments appear necessary in cirrhotic patients requiring meloxicam treatment.

Published
1996

49. Monte Carlo Nuclear Models Evaluation and Improvements for Real-Time Prompt Gamma-Ray Monitoring in Proton and Carbon Therapy

Author

Cédric Ray, Nicolas Freud, J. Krimmer, George Dedes, Denis Dauvergne, Marco Pinto, Jean Michel Létang, Marieke De Rydt, Etienne Testa, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre de Recherche en Acquisition et Traitement de l'Image pour la Santé (CREATIS), Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Université de Lyon-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Imagerie Tomographique et Radiothérapie, Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), CAS-PHABIO, and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL)

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), Proton, Ion beam, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Monte Carlo method, Gamma ray, chemistry.chemical_element, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, Nuclear physics, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, chemistry, Cascade, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-MED-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Medical Physics [physics.med-ph], Physics::Accelerator Physics, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, Carbon, Free parameter
Abstract

Accurate Monte Carlo simulations are essential both for the development of an optimized detection array that will be used in clinical practice for precise ion beam range monitoring. Within GEANT4, both the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) and the Binary Cascade (BIC) models overestimate the overall prompt-gamma depth profile yields measured with carbon ion and proton beams. By optimizing the selection of free parameters of the models, better agreement with the data is obtained for low energy carbon beams (main gamma component by ion-ion collisions) as well as for proton beams and high energy carbon beams (main gamma component by nucleon-nucleus collisions).

Published
2012

50. A low noise and high dynamic charge sensitive amplifier-shaper associated with Silicon Strip Detector for compton camera in hadrontherapy

Author

E. Testa, A.H. Walenta, J. Krimmer, H. Mathez, M. Dahoumane, Denis Dauvergne, Y. Zoccarato, Cédric Ray, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), and Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)

Subjects
Open-loop gain, Engineering, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, 020208 electrical & electronic engineering, Detector, Electrical engineering, Linearity, Phase margin, 02 engineering and technology, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Noise (electronics), [SPI.TRON]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Electronics, law.invention, Optics, CMOS, law, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Resistor, business, Voltage
Abstract

submitted to conference record of IEEE NSS-MIC, Anaheim USA, 29 october-3 november 2012; International audience; A 8 channel Front End Electronics (FEE) circuit has been designed and fabricated in 0.35 μm CMOS process from Austria Micro System to be coupled with the Silicon Strip Detector (SSD) of the Compton Camera for quality control of hadrontherapy. Each channel includes a Charge Sensitive Amplifier (CSA) followed by two parallel CR-RC shapers. Slow and fast shapers, with 1 μs and 15 ns shaping time, are used to measure the energy and to time stamp all events respectively. The two sides of the SSD are read thanks to a configurable system for holes and electrons. The CSA presents an open loop gain of 67 dB and 90 degrees phase margin assuring a high stability. The circuit has been successfully tested. The test results are in good agreement with analytic and simulation calculations. Here, we describe the principles and present measured performances of the prototype. A high linearity over the range of 3E3 to 3E6 electrons is reached with a conversion gain of 3.6 mV/fC. The circuit achieves an ENC (Equivalent Noise Charge) of 412 electrons rms. 75% of the total noise is generated by the small value of the feedback resistor chosen to avoid pile up phenomenon due to the 1E5 hits/s occupancy rate. A cross-talk of 2 % was measured, 99% of which is due to the power supply disturbances. The power supply dissipation is 21 mW/channel for 3.3 V supply voltage. The area of this design is 2871×1881 μm2 including pads.

Published
2012

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