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5. Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness

Author

Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Tung, Joyce Y, Eriksson, Nicholas, Albrecht, Eva, Aliev, Fazil, Andreassen, Ole A, Barroso, Inês, Beckmann, Jacques S, Boks, Marco P, Boomsma, Dorret I, Boyd, Heather A, Breteler, Monique MB, Campbell, Harry, Chasman, Daniel I, Cherkas, Lynn F, Davies, Gail, de Geus, Eco JC, Deary, Ian J, Deloukas, Panos, Dick, Danielle M, Duffy, David L, Eriksson, Johan G, Esko, Tõnu, Feenstra, Bjarke, Geller, Frank, Gieger, Christian, Giegling, Ina, Gordon, Scott D, Han, Jiali, Hansen, Thomas F, Hartmann, Annette M, Hayward, Caroline, Heikkilä, Kauko, Hicks, Andrew A, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ikram, M Arfan, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kemp, John P, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Klopp, Norman, Konte, Bettina, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Li, Xin, Loos, Ruth JF, Luciano, Michelle, Magnusson, Sigurdur H, Mangino, Massimo, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Martin, Nicholas G, McArdle, Wendy L, McCarthy, Mark I, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Melbye, Mads, Melville, Scott A, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Mooser, Vincent, Nelis, Mari, Nyholt, Dale R, O’Connell, Kevin S, Ophoff, Roel A, Palmer, Cameron, Palotie, Aarno, Palviainen, Teemu, Pare, Guillaume, Paternoster, Lavinia, Peltonen, Leena, Penninx, Brenda WJH, Polasek, Ozren, Pramstaller, Peter P, Prokopenko, Inga, Raikkonen, Katri, Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rudan, Igor, Rujescu, Dan, Smit, Johannes H, Smith, George Davey, Smoller, Jordan W, Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Tim D, Pourcain, Beate St, Starr, John M, Stefánsson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Teder-Laving, Maris, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Stefánsson, Kári, Timpson, Nicholas J, Uitterlinden, André G, van Duijn, Cornelia M, van Rooij, Frank JA, Vink, Jaqueline M, Vollenweider, Peter, Vuoksimaa, Eero, and Waeber, Gérard

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Human Genome, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Neurosciences, Schizophrenia, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Adult, Aged, Female, Functional Laterality, Gene Frequency, Genetic Loci, Genetic Variation, Genome-Wide Association Study, Humans, Linkage Disequilibrium, Male, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Sex Factors, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Handedness has been extensively studied because of its relationship with language and the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data from the UK Biobank, 23andMe and the International Handedness Consortium, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of handedness (N = 1,766,671). We found 41 loci associated (P

Published
2021

6. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, and Walsh-Messinger, Julie

Subjects
Neurosciences, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, Clinical Research, Adult, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Coronavirus Infections, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Olfaction Disorders, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Smell, Somatosensory Disorders, Surveys and Questionnaires, Taste, Taste Disorders, Young Adult, head and neck surgery, olfaction, somatosensation, GCCR Group Author, Biological Sciences, Neurology & Neurosurgery
Abstract

Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.

Published
2020

7. Assessment of moderate coffee consumption and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer: a Mendelian randomization study

Author

Ong, Jue-Sheng, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Martin, Nicholas G, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Quinn, Michael CJ, Cornelis, Marilyn C, Gharahkhani, Puya, Webb, Penelope M, MacGregor, Stuart, Bryne, Enda, Fasching, Peter A, Hein, Alexander, Burghaus, Stefanie, Beckmann, Matthias W, Lambrechts, Diether, Van Nieuwenhuysen, Els, Vergote, Ignace, Vanderstichele, Adriaan, Swerdlow, Anthony J, Jones, Michael, Orr, Nicholas, Schoemaker, Minouk, Edwards, Digna Velez, Brenton, James, Benítez, Javier, García, María J, Rodriguez-Antona, Cristina, Rossing, Mary Anne, Fortner, Renée T, Riboli, Elio, Chang-Claude, Jenny, Eilber, Ursula, Wang-Gohrke, Shan, Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Goodman, Marc T, Bogdanova, Natalia, Dörk, Thilo, Duerst, Matthias, Hillemanns, Peter, Runnebaum, Ingo B, Antonenkova, Natalia, Butzow, Ralf, Nevanlinna, Heli, Pelttari, Liisa M, Edwards, Robert P, Kelley, Joseph L, Modugno, Francesmary, Moysich, Kirsten B, Ness, Roberta B, Cannioto, Rikki, Heitz, Florian, Karlan, Beth, Olsson, Håkan, Kjaer, Susanne K, Jensen, Allan, Giles, Graham G, Bruinsma, Fiona, Hildebrandt, Michelle AT, Liang, Dong, Wu, Xifeng, Le Marchand, Loic, Setiawan, V Wendy, Permuth, Jennifer B, Bisogna, Maria, Dao, Fanny, Levine, Douglas A, Cramer, Daniel W, Terry, Kathryn L, Tworoger, Shelley S, Stampfer, Meir, Willet, Walter, Missmer, Stacey, Bjorge, Line, Kopperud, Reidun K, Bischof, Katharina, Thomsen, Liv Cecilie Vestrheim, Kiemeney, Lambertus A, Massuger, Leon FAG, Pejovic, Tanja, Brooks-Wilson, Angela, Olson, Sara H, McGuire, Valerie, Rothstein, Joseph H, Sieh, Weiva, Whittemore, Alice S, Cook, Linda S, Le, Nhu D, Gilks, C Blake, Gronwald, Jacek, Jakubowska, Anna, Lubiński, Jan, Kluz, Tomasz, Wentzensen, Nicolas, Brinton, Louise, Trabert, Britton, and Lissowska, Jolanta

Subjects
Epidemiology, Health Sciences, Women's Health, Ovarian Cancer, Cancer, Rare Diseases, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Carcinoma, Ovarian Epithelial, Coffee, Female, Humans, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, Odds Ratio, Ovarian Neoplasms, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Risk Factors, Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium, Statistics, Public Health and Health Services, Public health
Abstract

BackgroundCoffee consumption has been shown to be associated with various health outcomes in observational studies. However, evidence for its association with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is inconsistent and it is unclear whether these associations are causal.MethodsWe used single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with (i) coffee and (ii) caffeine consumption to perform Mendelian randomization (MR) on EOC risk. We conducted a two-sample MR using genetic data on 44 062 individuals of European ancestry from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium (OCAC), and combined instrumental variable estimates using a Wald-type ratio estimator.ResultsFor all EOC cases, the causal odds ratio (COR) for genetically predicted consumption of one additional cup of coffee per day was 0.92 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.79, 1.06]. The COR was 0.90 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.10) for high-grade serous EOC. The COR for genetically predicted consumption of an additional 80 mg caffeine was 1.01 (95% CI: 0.92, 1.11) for all EOC cases and 0.90 (95% CI: 0.73, 1.10) for high-grade serous cases.ConclusionsWe found no evidence indicative of a strong association between EOC risk and genetically predicted coffee or caffeine levels. However, our estimates were not statistically inconsistent with earlier observational studies and we were unable to rule out small protective associations.

Published
2018

19. Effects of the maternal and fetal proteome on birth weight: a Mendelian randomization analysis

Author

McBride, Nancy, primary, Fernández-Sanlés, Alba, additional, Arab, Marwa Al, additional, Bond, Tom A., additional, Zheng, Jie, additional, Magnus, Maria C., additional, Corfield, Elizabeth C., additional, Clayton, Gemma L, additional, Hwang, Liang-Dar, additional, Beaumont, Robin N., additional, Evans, David M., additional, Freathy, Rachel M., additional, Gaunt, Tom R., additional, Lawlor, Deborah A, additional, and Borges, Maria Carolina, additional

Published
2023
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20. Direct and INdirect effects analysis of Genetic lOci (DINGO): A software package to increase the power of locus discovery in GWAS meta-analyses of perinatal phenotypes and traits influenced by indirect genetic effects

Author

Hwang, Liang-Dar, primary, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, additional, Yengo, Loic, additional, Zeng, Jian, additional, Beaumont, Robin N., additional, Freathy, Rachel M., additional, Moen, Gunn-Helen, additional, Warrington, Nicole M., additional, and Evans, David M., additional

Published
2023
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23. Understanding the determinants of sweet taste liking in the African and East Asian ancestry groups in the U.S.–A study protocol.

Author

Cheung, May M., Hubert, Patrice A., Reed, Danielle R., Pouget, Enrique R., Jiang, Xinyin, and Hwang, Liang-Dar

Subjects
EAST Asians, SWEETNESS (Taste), NUTRITION, RESEARCH protocols, PREDICTIVE validity, GENETIC variation
Abstract

Background: The liking for sweet taste is a powerful driver for consuming added sugars, and therefore, understanding how sweet liking is formed is a critical step in devising strategies to lower added sugars consumption. However, current research on the influence of genetic and environmental factors on sweet liking is mostly based on research conducted with individuals of European ancestry. Whether these results can be generalized to people of other ancestry groups warrants investigation. Methods: We will determine the differences in allele frequencies in sweet-related genetic variants and their effects on sweet liking in 426 adults of either African or East Asian ancestry, who have the highest and lowest average added sugars intake, respectively, among ancestry groups in the U.S. We will collect information on participants' sweet-liking phenotype, added sugars intake (sweetness exposure), anthropometric measures, place-of-birth, and for immigrants, duration of time living in the U.S. and age when immigrated. Ancestry-specific polygenic scores of sweet liking will be computed based on the effect sizes of the sweet-related genetic variants on the sweet-liking phenotype for each ancestry group. The predictive validity of the polygenic scores will be tested using individuals of African and East Asian ancestry from the UK Biobank. We will also compare sweet liking between U.S.-born individuals and immigrants within each ancestry group to test whether differences in environmental sweetness exposure during childhood affect sweet liking in adulthood. Discussion: Expanding genetic research on taste to individuals from ancestry groups traditionally underrepresented in such research is consistent with equity goals in sensory and nutrition science. Findings from this study will help in the development of a more personalized nutrition approach for diverse populations. Trial registration: This protocol has been preregistered with the Center for Open Science (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/WPR9E). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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24. Advancing the decadal plan for the science of nutrition: Progressing a framework for implementation.

Author

Truby, Helen, Allman‐Farinelli, Margaret, Beck, Eleanor J., Beckett, Emma L., Bondonno, Catherine, Dordevic, Aimee L., Livingstone, Katherine M., Willcox, Jane, Wilkinson, Shelley A., Coughlan, Melinda T., Hwang, Liang‐Dar, Kent, Katherine, McNaughton, Sarah, Padayachee, Anneline, Pollard, Christina, Roura, Eugeni, Kassock, Katrina, Yao, CK, Baguley, Brenton, and Tuck, Caroline

Subjects
HUMAN services programs, SOCIAL determinants of health, INTERPROFESSIONAL relations, POPULATION health, HEALTH policy, REFLECTION (Philosophy), CONFERENCES & conventions, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CONCEPTUAL structures, TRUST, ORGANIZATIONAL goals, PUBLIC health, INDIVIDUALIZED medicine, STAKEHOLDER analysis, DIET, NUTRITION education, INDIGENOUS Australians
Abstract

Aims: In 2019, the Australian Academy of Science in collaboration with the nutrition community published the decadal plan for the science of nutrition. This article aims to review progress towards each of its pillar goals (societal determinants, nutrition mechanisms, precision and personalised nutrition, and education and training) and two enabling platforms (a national data capability and a trusted voice for nutrition science), prioritise actions, and conceptualise program logic implementation models. This process also brought together public health nutrition researchers to reflect on societal determinants of health, and advise how the next 5 years of the decadal plan could reflect contemporary issues. Methods: Two engagement events, in 2023, brought together experienced and mid‐ and early‐career nutrition professionals for co‐creation of implementation logic models. Results: One hundred and nine early and mid‐career professionals were involved. A revised model for the decadal plan pillars emerged from synthesis of all logic models. This new model integrated the precision and personalised nutrition pillar with nutrition mechanisms pillar. These combined pillars build towards the national data capability enabling platform and created new cross‐cutting themes for education and training. The need arose for greater focus on respectful engagement with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities and sustained effort to build cross‐disciplinary collaboration to realise the plan's societal determinants goals. A new alliance for nutrition science is proposed to become a unified advocacy voice and build trust in nutrition professionals. Conclusions: A programmatic approach provides a road map for implementing the decadal plan for the final 5 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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25. Intrauterine Growth and Offspring Neurodevelopmental Traits: A Mendelian Randomization Analysis of the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa).

Author

D'Urso, Shannon, Moen, Gunn-Helen, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Hannigan, Laurie J., Corfield, Elizabeth C., Ask, Helga, Johannson, Stefan, Njølstad, Pål Rasmus, Beaumont, Robin N., Freathy, Rachel M., Evans, David M., and Havdahl, Alexandra

Subjects
FETAL development, LOW birth weight, CHILD Behavior Checklist, NEURAL development, BEHAVIORAL assessment
Abstract

Key Points: Question: Is the association between lower birth weight and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties causal? Findings: In this conventional epidemiological cohort study of 46 970 offspring, lower birth weight was associated with neurodevelopmental difficulties across various offspring ages. However, mendelian randomization causal analyses of 44 134 mother-child dyads did not find evidence for a causal association between intrauterine growth (with maternal genetic factors influencing fetal growth as a proxy) and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties. Meaning: This study found that maternal factors influencing intrauterine growth do not appear to drive the observational association between lower birth weight and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties. Importance: Conventional epidemiological analyses have suggested that lower birth weight is associated with later neurodevelopmental difficulties; however, it is unclear whether this association is causal. Objective: To investigate the relationship between intrauterine growth and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties. Design, Setting, and Participants: MoBa is a population-based pregnancy cohort that recruited pregnant women from June 1999 to December 2008 included approximately 114 500 children, 95 200 mothers, and 75 200 fathers. Observational associations between birth weight and neurodevelopmental difficulties were assessed with a conventional epidemiological approach. Mendelian randomization analyses were performed to investigate the potential causal association between maternal allele scores for birth weight and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties conditional on offspring allele scores. Exposures: Birth weight and maternal allele scores for birth weight (derived from genetic variants robustly associated with birth weight) were the exposures in the observational and mendelian randomization analyses, respectively. Main Outcomes and Measures: Clinically relevant maternal ratings of offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties at 6 months, 18 months, 3 years, 5 years, and 8 years of age assessing language and motor difficulties, inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity, social communication difficulties, and repetitive behaviors. Results: The conventional epidemiological sample included up to 46 970 offspring, whereas the mendelian randomization sample included up to 44 134 offspring (median offspring birth year, 2005 [range, 1999-2009]; mean [SD] maternal age at birth, 30.1 [4.5] years; mean [SD] paternal age at birth, 32.5 [5.1] years). The conventional epidemiological analyses found evidence that birth weight was negatively associated with several domains at multiple offspring ages (outcome of autism-related trait scores: Social Communication Questionnaire [SCQ]–full at 3 years, β = −0.046 [95% CI, −0.057 to −0.034]; SCQ–Restricted and Repetitive Behaviors subscale at 3 years, β = −0.049 [95% CI, −0.060 to −0.038]; attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD] trait scores: Child Behavior Checklist [CBCL]–ADHD subscale at 18 months, β = −0.035 [95% CI, −0.045 to −0.024]; CBCL-ADHD at 3 years, β = −0.032 [95% CI, −0.043 to −0.021]; CBCL-ADHD at 5 years, β = −0.050 [95% CI, −0.064 to −0.037]; Rating Scale for Disruptive Behavior Disorders [RS-DBD]–ADHD at 8 years, β = −0.036 [95% CI, −0.049 to −0.023]; RS-DBD–Inattention at 8 years, β = −0.037 [95% CI, −0.050 to −0.024]; RS-DBD–Hyperactive-Impulsive Behavior at 8 years, β = −0.027 [95% CI, −0.040 to −0.014]; Conners Parent Rating Scale–Revised [Short Form] at 5 years, β = −0.041 [95% CI, −0.054 to −0.028]; motor scores: Ages and Stages Questionnaire–Motor Difficulty [ASQ-MOTOR] at 18 months, β = −0.025 [95% CI, −0.035 to −0.015]; ASQ-MOTOR at 3 years, β = −0.029 [95% CI, −0.040 to −0.018]; and Child Development Inventory–Gross and Fine Motor Skills at 5 years, β = −0.028 [95% CI, −0.042 to −0.015]). Mendelian randomization analyses did not find any evidence for an association between maternal allele scores for birth weight and offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties. Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that the maternal intrauterine environment, as proxied by maternal birth weight genetic variants, is unlikely to be a major determinant of offspring neurodevelopmental outcomes. This cohort study investigates the association between lower birth weight and neurodevelopmental difficulties, as well as the causal association of intrauterine growth with measures of offspring neurodevelopmental difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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26. New Insights into Polygenic Score–Lifestyle Interactions for Cardiometabolic Risk Factors from Genome-Wide Interaction Analyses.

Author

D'Urso, Shannon and Hwang, Liang-Dar

Abstract

The relationship between lifestyles and cardiometabolic outcomes varies between individuals. In 382,275 UK Biobank Europeans, we investigate how lifestyles interact with polygenic scores (PGS) of cardiometabolic risk factors. We identify six interactions (PGS for body mass index with meat diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour and insomnia; PGS for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol with sedentary behaviour; PGS for triglycerides with meat diet) in multivariable linear regression models including an interaction term and show stronger associations between lifestyles and cardiometabolic risk factors among individuals with high PGSs than those with low PGSs. Genome-wide interaction analyses pinpoint three genetic variants (FTO rs72805613 for BMI; CETP rs56228609 for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; TRIB2 rs4336630 for triglycerides; PInteraction < 5 × 10−8). The associations between lifestyles and cardiometabolic risk factors differ between individuals grouped by the genotype of these variants, with the degree of differences being similar to that between individuals with high and low values for the corresponding PGSs. This study demonstrates that associations between lifestyles and cardiometabolic risk factors can differ between individuals based upon their genetic profiles. It further suggests that genetic variants with interaction effects contribute more to such differences compared to those without interaction effects, which has potential implications for developing PGSs for personalised intervention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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27. The Effects of Sweet-Related Genes on Dietary Sweetness Intake – a Secondary Data Analysis of the Women’s Health Initiative

Author

Cheung, May, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Jiang, Xinyin, and Greenberg, James

Subjects
Life Sciences, Genetics and Genomics, Nutrition
Abstract

Most genome-wide association studies investigating the relationship between sweet-related alleles and sweet tooth traits were conducted in samples with individuals of European ancestry[1,2,3]. Whether these associations can be generalized to other ancestry groups warrant further investigation. Population stratification due to the differences in sweet-related allele frequencies across ancestry groups may artificially inflate the strength of associations if differences in ancestral backgrounds are not considered[4]. Therefore, the goal of this project is to determine and compare the associations between sweet-related alleles and sweet tooth traits within three ancestry groups: European, African, and Hispanic, and create sweet-tooth polygenic scores for each of these ancestry groups. 1. Hwang LD, Lin C, Gharahkhani P, Cuellar-Partida G, Ong JS, An J, Gordon SD, Zhu G, MacGregor S, Lawlor DA, Breslin PAS, Wright MJ, Martin NG, Reed DR. New insight into human sweet taste: a genome-wide association study of the perception and intake of sweet substances. Am J Clin Nutr. 2019 Jun 1;109(6):1724-1737. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqz043. PMID: 31005972; PMCID: PMC6537940. 2. Keskitalo K, Knaapila A, Kallela M, Palotie A, Wessman M, Sammalisto S, Peltonen L, Tuorila H, Perola M. Sweet taste preferences are partly genetically determined: identification of a trait locus on chromosome 16. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Jul;86(1):55-63. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/86.1.55. PMID: 17616763. 3. Søberg S, Sandholt CH, Jespersen NZ, Toft U, Madsen AL, von Holstein-Rathlou S, Grevengoed TJ, Christensen KB, Bredie WLP, Potthoff MJ, Solomon TPJ, Scheele C, Linneberg A, Jørgensen T, Pedersen O, Hansen T, Gillum MP, Grarup N. FGF21 Is a Sugar-Induced Hormone Associated with Sweet Intake and Preference in Humans. Cell Metab. 2017 May 2;25(5):1045-1053.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2017.04.009. PMID: 28467924. 4. Freedman, M., Reich, D., Penney, K. et al. Assessing the impact of population stratification on genetic association studies. Nat Genet 36, 388–393 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/ng1333

Published
2022
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32. Mendelian randomization study of maternal coffee consumption and its influence on birthweight, stillbirth, miscarriage, gestational age and pre-term birth

Author

Brito Nunes, Caroline, primary, Huang, Peiyuan, additional, Wang, Geng, additional, Lundberg, Mischa, additional, D’Urso, Shannon, additional, Wootton, Robyn E, additional, Borges, Maria Carolina, additional, Lawlor, Deborah A, additional, Warrington, Nicole M, additional, Evans, David M, additional, Hwang, Liang-Dar, additional, and Moen, Gunn-Helen, additional

Published
2022
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33. Mere end lugtesans - COVID-19 er associeret med svær påvirkning af lugtesansen, smagssansen og mundfølelsen

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S, Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S Craig, Yanık, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T, Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K, Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M, Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Tecnologia Alimentària, Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Edinburgh, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIR), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro = University of Catanzaro (UMG), University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna, Groupement scientifique de Biologie et de Medecine Spatiale (GSBMS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), San Diego State University (SDSU), Aarhus University [Aarhus], University of Hertfordshire [Hatfield] (UH), Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Neurosciences Sensorielles Comportement Cognition, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, University of Turku, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Monell Chemical Senses Center, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Université de Montréal (UdeM), Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Medical Science University, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), DreamAir Llc, Charles University [Prague] (CU), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Oregon State University (OSU), Ear Institute, UCL, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, Karunya University, Biruni University, Assi Sette Llaghi Varese, Stanford School of Medicine [Stanford], Stanford Medicine, Stanford University-Stanford University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA), Unité mixte de recherche interactions plantes-microorganismes, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Maastricht University [Maastricht], Institute for Biology - Neurobiology, Freie Universität Berlin, Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Howard University College of Medicine, Towson University, University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), Proteomics, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Stockholm University, University of Gastronomic Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Goethe Universität Frankfurt, University of Tennessee, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Guangzhou Medical University, Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, University of Pennsylvania, University of Dayton, CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, University of Northumbria at Newcastle [United Kingdom], University of Stirling, Middle East Technical University [Ankara] (METU), Utrecht University [Utrecht], Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Terrazas del Club Hipico, University Medical Centre Ljubljana [Ljubljana, Slovenia] (UMCL), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], Universidade de São Paulo = University of São Paulo (USP), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), University of Colorado Anschutz [Aurora], Center for Smell and Taste, Department of Food Science, Pennsylvania State University., Julien, Sabine, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Department of Food and Nutrition, Senses and Food, Research Center Jülich, University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Università degli Studi 'Magna Graecia' di Catanzaro [Catanzaro, Italie] (UMG), University of Extremadura, University of Padova, Yale University School of Medicine, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, University of Helsinki, Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], University of California San Diego Health, University of Brussels, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, University of São Paulo (USP), UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, FSE Campus Venlo, and RS: FSE UCV

Subjects
Male, Taste, Physiology, Smagstab, Audiology, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, chemistry.chemical_compound, Olfaction Disorders, Taste Disorders, 0302 clinical medicine, RATINGS, Hyposmia, Surveys and Questionnaires, CHEMOSENSITIVITY, [SDV.IDA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Viral, PALADAR, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, media_common, TASTE, US NATIONAL-HEALTH, [SDV.IDA] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food engineering, Middle Aged, Biological Sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Sensory Systems, 3. Good health, Smell, GCCR Group Author, ddc:540, Smell loss, Female, Original Article, medicine.symptom, Corrigendum, Coronavirus Infections, olfaction, Adult, somatosensation, medicine.medical_specialty, 663/664, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), OLFACTORY DISORDERS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), media_common.quotation_subject, Pneumonia, Viral, head and neck surgery, Aged, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Humans, Pandemics, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, Somatosensory Disorders, Young Adult, Anosmia, Sensory system, Olfaction, 03 medical and health sciences, Chemesthesis, Physiology (medical), Perception, medicine, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Behaviour Change and Well-being, business.industry, R-PACKAGE, 3112 Neurosciences, Pneumonia, Parosmia, COMPONENT, Smagssans, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, chemistry, Lugtetab, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Lugtesans
Abstract

Correction: Chemical Senses, Volume 46, 2021, bjab050, https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjab050 Published: 08 December 2021 Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.

Published
2020
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36. Mendelian randomization study of maternal coffee consumption and its influence on birthweight, stillbirth, miscarriage, gestational age and pre-term birth.

Author

Nunes, Caroline Brito, Huang, Peiyuan, Wang, Geng, Lundberg, Mischa, D'Urso, Shannon, Wootton, Robyn E, Borges, Maria Carolina, Lawlor, Deborah A, Warrington, Nicole M, Evans, David M, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Moen, Gunn-Helen, and Brito Nunes, Caroline

Subjects
GESTATIONAL age, BIRTH weight, MISCARRIAGE, STILLBIRTH, DISEASE risk factors, COFFEE brewing
Abstract

Background: Coffee consumption has been associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes, although data from randomized-controlled trials are lacking. We investigate whether there is a causal relationship between coffee consumption and miscarriage, stillbirth, birthweight, gestational age and pre-term birth using Mendelian randomization (MR).Methods: A two-sample MR study was performed using summary results data from a genome-wide association meta-analysis of coffee consumption (N = 91 462) from the Coffee and Caffeine Genetics Consortium. Outcomes included self-reported miscarriage (N = 49 996 cases and 174 109 controls from a large meta-analysis); the number of stillbirths [N = 60 453 from UK Biobank (UKBB)]; gestational age and pre-term birth (N = 43 568 from the 23andMe, Inc cohort) and birthweight (N = 297 356 reporting own birthweight and N = 210 248 reporting offspring's birthweight from UKBB and the Early Growth Genetics Consortium). Additionally, a one-sample genetic risk score (GRS) analysis of coffee consumption in UKBB women (N up to 194 196) and the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (N up to 6845 mothers and 4510 children) and its relationship with offspring outcomes was performed.Results: Both the two-sample MR and one-sample GRS analyses showed no change in risk of sporadic miscarriages, stillbirths, pre-term birth or effect on gestational age connected to coffee consumption. Although both analyses showed an association between increased coffee consumption and higher birthweight, the magnitude of the effect was inconsistent.Conclusion: Our results suggest that coffee consumption during pregnancy might not itself contribute to adverse outcomes such as stillbirth, sporadic miscarriages and pre-term birth or lower gestational age or birthweight of the offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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38. Increasing incidence of parosmia and phantosmia in patients recovering from COVID-19 smell loss

Author

Ohla, Kathrin, primary, Veldhuizen, Maria Geraldine, additional, Green, Tomer, additional, Hannum, Mackenzie E., additional, Bakke, Alyssa J., additional, Moein, Shima T., additional, Tognetti, Arnaud, additional, Postma, Elbrich M., additional, Pellegrino, Robert, additional, Hwang, Liang-Dar, additional, Albayay, Javier, additional, Koyama, Sachiko, additional, Nolden, Alissa, additional, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, additional, Mucignat-Caretta, Carla, additional, Menger, Nick S., additional, Croijmans, Ilja, additional, Öztürk, Lina, additional, Yanık, Hüseyin, additional, Pierron, Denis, additional, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, additional, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, additional, Pineda, Aldair M. Martinez, additional, Gillespie, David, additional, Farruggia, Michael C., additional, Cecchetto, Cinzia, additional, Fornazieri, Marco A., additional, Philpott, Carl, additional, Voznessenskaya, Vera, additional, Cooper, Keiland, additional, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, additional, Calcinoni, Orietta, additional, de Groot, Jasper, additional, Boesveldt, Sanne, additional, Bhutani, Surabhi, additional, Weir, Elisabeth M., additional, Exten, Cara, additional, Joseph, Paule V., additional, Parma, Valentina, additional, Hayes, John E., additional, and Niv, Masha Y., additional

Published
2021
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40. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Author

Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Farruggia, Michael, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, D’Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Dar Hwang, Liang, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, Parma, Valentina, Boesveldt, Sanne, de Groot, Jasper, Dinnella, Caterina, Freiherr, Jessica, Laktionova, Tatiana, Marino, Sajidxa, Monteleone, Erminio, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Ritchie, Marina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Al Abri, Rashid, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Bignon, Emmanuelle, Cantone, Elena, Paola Cecchini, Maria, Chen, Jingguo, Dolors Guàrdia, Maria, Hoover, Kara, Karni, Noam, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa, Portillo Mazal, Patricia, Rowan, Nicholas, Sarabi-Jamab, Atiye, Archer, Nicholas, Chen, Ben, Di Valerio, Elizabeth, Feeney, Emma, Frasnelli, Johannes, Hannum, Mackenzie, Hopkins, Claire, Klein, Hadar, Mignot, Coralie, Mucignat, Carla, Ning, Yuping, Ozturk, Elif, Peng, Mei, Saatci, Ozlem, Sell, Elizabeth, Yan, Carol, Alfaro, Raul, Coureaud, G., Herriman, Riley, Justice, Jeb, Kaushik, Pavan Kumar, Koyama, Sachiko, Overdevest, Jonathan, Pirastu, Nicola, Ramirez, Vicente, Roberts, S. Craig, Smith, Barry, Cao, Hongyuan, Wang, Hong, Balungwe Birindwa, Patrick, Baguma, Marius, Ozdener, Mehmet, Bock, María, Kaushik, Pavan, Pizio, Antonella, Hakan Ozdener, Mehmet, D'Errico, Anna, Hwang, Liang Dar, Group, GCCR, Cecchini, Maria, Indústries Alimentàries, Qualitat i Tecnologia Alimentària, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, Mersin University, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, Yale University [New Haven], University of Tennessee, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Monell Chemical Senses Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland [Denmark], University of Helsinki, University of Oslo (UiO), Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology [New Delhi] (IIIT-Delhi), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), San Diego State University (SDSU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Elena Cantone, University of Queensland - The Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University College of London [London] (UCL), UC San Diego Health, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Howard University College of Medicine [Washington, DC, USA], Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc [Bruxelles], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), Stockholm University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, University of Padova [Padova, Italy], Biruni University, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital General de Barrio Obrero [Asunción, Paraguay] (Public Hospital Barrio Obrero ), Private practice [Milan], DreamAir Llc, Oregon State University (OSU), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Insubria, Varese, IBM Watson Research Center, IBM, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, University of Extremadura, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), University of California [Berkeley], Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Dayton, Iran University of Medical Sciences [Tehran, Iran] (IUMS), 'Federico II' University of Naples Medical School, University of Verona (UNIVR), Xi'an Jiaotong University (Xjtu), Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), The Hebrew University Medical Center, University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), CSIRO Agriculture and Food (CSIRO), The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (GMU), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Guy’s and St. Thomas’ Hospitals, University of Padova, Kilis Yedi Aralik University, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Sancaktepe Education and Research Hospital, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], University of California San Diego Health, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC), Columbia University [New York], University of Edinburgh, University of California [Merced], University of Stirling, University of London [London], Florida State University [Tallahassee] (FSU), Université catholique de Bukavu, University of Southern Queensland (USQ), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Technical University of Munich (TUM), University of Graz, Publica, Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian PhS, Heinbockel, Thoma, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordani, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Deni, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan N, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlf, Yanik, Hüseyin, Hummel, Thoma, Hayes, John E, Reed, Danielle R, Niv, Masha Y, Munger, Steven D, Parma, Valentina, Tıp Fakültesi, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie

Subjects
Male, Multivariate statistics, Physiology, Cross-sectional study, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], coronavirus, Logistic regression, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Behavioral Neuroscience, 0302 clinical medicine, Hyposmia, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Medicine, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, Chemosensory, hyposmia, Middle Aged, Prognosis, olfactory, Sensory Systems, Smell, chemosensory, ddc:540, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, HEALTH, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Anosmia, Coronavirus, Olfactory, Prediction, COVID-19, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Self Report, 663/664, Visual analogue scale, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, QUALITY, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, COVID-19 symptoms, Behaviour Change and Well-being, IDENTIFICATION, business.industry, Univariate, prediction, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, anosmia, Smell impairment
Abstract

Contains fulltext : 228204.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) In a preregistered, cross-sectional study we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC=0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4

Published
2020
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41. Corrigendum to: More than smell: COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis

Author

Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Niv, Masha Y., Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Cooper, Keiland W., Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y., Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B., Gerkin, Richard C., Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C., Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R., Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A., Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Colquitt, Lauren R., Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V., Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M., Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M., Smith, Barry C., Lundström, Johan N., Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K., Van Den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D.C., Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E.A., Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M., Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, De Groot, Jasper H.B., Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W., Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A., Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Archer, Nicholas S., Koyama, Sachiko, Deary, Vincent, Roberts, S.C., Yanlk, Hüseyin, Albayrak, Samet, Nováková, Lenka Martinec, Croijmans, Ilja, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Moein, Shima T., Margulis, Eitan, Mignot, Coralie, Mariño, Sajidxa, Georgiev, Dejan, Kaushik, Pavan K., Malnic, Bettina, Wang, Hong, Seyed-Allaei, Shima, Yoluk, Nur, Razzaghi-Asl, Sara, Justice, Jeb M., Restrepo, Diego, Reed, Danielle R., Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D., Hayes, John E., UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, and UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie

Subjects
Behavioral Neuroscience, Sensoriek en eetgedrag, Behaviour Change and Well-being, Physiology, Physiology (medical), ddc:540, Life Science, Sensory Systems, Sensory Science and Eating Behaviour, VLAG
Abstract

This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https:// doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper's conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error. (A) Correlations between the 3 principal components with respect to changes in 3 chemosensory modalities (i.e., taste, smell, and chemesthesis). Shades of gray indicate positive correlation, whereas shades of red indicate negative correlations. White denotes no correlation. (B) Clusters of participants identified by k-means clustering. The scatterplot shows each participant's loading on dimension 1 (degree of smell and taste loss, PC1 on x-Axis) and dimension 2 (degree of chemesthesis loss, PC2 on y-Axis). Based on the centroid of each cluster, participants in cluster 1 (blue, N = 1767; top left) are generally characterized by significant smell, taste and chemesthesis loss. Participants in cluster 2 (orange, N = 1724; bottom center) are generally characterized by ratings that reflect smell/taste loss with preserved chemesthesis. Loadings for participants in cluster 3 (green, N = 548; right side) are generally characterized by reduced smell and taste loss, and preserved chemesthesis.

Published
2021
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42. The best COVID-19 predictor is recent smell loss: a cross-sectional study

Author

Gerkin, Richard, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria Geraldine, Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine, Bakke, Alyssa, Steele, Kimberley, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M. Hakan, D'Errico, Anna, Fischmeister, Florian Ph.S, Bock, María Adelaida, Domínguez, Paloma Paloma, Yanık, Hüseyin, Boesveldt, Sanne, de Groot, Jasper, Dinnella, Caterina, Freiherr, Jessica, Laktionova, Tatiana, Mariño, Sajidxa, Monteleone, Erminio, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Ritchie, Marina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Walsh-Messinger, Julie, Al Abri, Rashid, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Bignon, Emmanuelle, Cantone, Elena, Cecchini, Maria Paola, Chen, Jingguo, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Hoover, Kara, Karni, Noam, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa, Mazal, Patricia Portillo, Rowan, Nicholas, Sarabi-Jamab, Atiye, Archer, Nicholas, Chen, Ben, Di Valerio, Elizabeth, Feeney, Emma, Frasnelli, Johannes, Hannum, Mackenzie, Hopkins, Claire, Klein, Hadar, Mignot, Coralie, Mucignat, Carla, Ning, Yuping, Ozturk, Elif, Peng, Mei, Saatci, Ozlem, Sell, Elizabeth, Yan, Carol, Alfaro, Raul, Cecchetto, Cinzia, Coureaud, Gérard, Herriman, Riley, Justice, Jeb, Kaushik, Pavan Kumar, Koyama, Sachiko, Overdevest, Jonathan, Pirastu, Nicola, Ramirez, Vicente, Roberts, S. Craig, Smith, Barry, Cao, Hongyuan, Wang, Hong, Balungwe, Patrick, Baguma, Marius, Veldhuizen, Maria, Farruggia, Michael, Pizio, Antonella, Hakan Ozdener, M, Fjaeldstad, Alexander, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari, Singh, Preet, Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon, Saraiva, Luis, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fornazieri, Marco, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas, Philpott, Carl, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie, Voznessenskaya, Vera, Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, María, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundström, Johan, Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima, Santamaría, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Rohlfs Dominguez, Paloma, Yanik, Hüseyin, Group, GCCR, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John, Reed, Danielle, Niv, Masha, Munger, Steven, Parma, Valentina, Arizona State University [Tempe] (ASU), Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine [Jülich] (INM-1), Mersin University, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), AbScent, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [Bethesda], Yale University [New Haven], Tennessee State University, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [Urbana], University of Illinois System, Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), Buenos Aires University and GEOG (Grupo de Estudio de Olfato y Gusto), Anthropologie Moléculaire et Imagerie de Synthèse (AMIS), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California [Irvine] (UCI), University of California, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Technische Universität Munchen - Université Technique de Munich [Munich, Allemagne] (TUM), Monell Chemical Senses Center, Regional Hospital West Jutland [Denmark], University of Helsinki, University of Oslo (UiO), Karunya University, Tata Institute for Fundamental Research (TIFR), Research at Sidra Medicine Research Branch [Doha, Qatar], Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology [New Delhi] (IIIT-Delhi), Sultan Qaboos University (SQU), San Diego State University (SDSU), Goethe-University Frankfurt am Main, State University of Londrina = Universidade Estadual de Londrina, University of Queensland [Brisbane], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence [Firenze] (UNIFI), University College of London [London] (UCL), University of Graz, Howard University, Geneva University Hospital (HUG), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc [Bruxelles], Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati / International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA / ISAS), University of Gastronomic Sciences of Pollenzo (UNISG), Stockholm University, University of East Anglia [Norwich] (UEA), Towson University [Towson, MD, United States], University of Maryland System, A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences [Moscow] (RAS), Universita degli Studi di Padova, Biruni University, Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet [Saint-Étienne] (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hospital General de Barrio Obrero [Asunción, Paraguay] (Public Hospital Barrio Obrero ), Private practice [Milan], DreamAir Llc, Oregon State University (OSU), Cancer Center Karolinska [Karolinska Institutet] (CCK), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], University of Insubria, Varese, Computational Biology Center (IBM T.J. Watson Research Center), IBM, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences [Tehran] (IPM), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra [Pamplona, Spain] (IdiSNA), University of Extremadura, Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJ), University of Florida [Gainesville] (UF), Temple University [Philadelphia], Pennsylvania Commonwealth System of Higher Education (PCSHE), Non-byline authors (to be listed as collaborators in PubMed under the GCCR Group Author): Sanne Boesveldt, Jasper H.B. de Groot, Caterina Dinnella, Jessica Freiherr, Tatiana Laktionova, Sajidxa Mariño, Erminio Monteleone, Alexia Nunez-Parra, Olagunju Abdulrahman, Marina Ritchie, Thierry Thomas-Danguin, Julie Walsh-Messinger, Rashid Al Abri, Rafieh Alizadeh, Emmanuelle Bignon, Elena Cantone, Maria Paola Cecchini, Jingguo Chen, Maria Dolors Guàrdia, Kara C. Hoover, Noam Karni, Marta Navarro, Alissa A. Nolden, Patricia Portillo Mazal, Nicholas R. Rowan, Atiye SarabiJamab, Nicholas S. Archer, Ben Chen, Elizabeth A. Di Valerio, Emma L. Feeney, Johannes Frasnelli, Mackenzie E. Hannum, Claire Hopkins, Hadar Klein, Coralie Mignot, Carla Mucignat, Yuping Ning, Elif E. Ozturk, Mei Peng, Ozlem Saatci, Elizabeth A. Sell, Carol H. Yan, Raul Alfaro, Cinzia Cecchetto, Gérard Coureaud, Riley D. Herriman, Jeb M. Justice, Pavan Kumar Kaushik, Sachiko Koyama, Jonathan B. Overdevest, Nicola Pirastu, Vicente A. Ramirez, S. Craig Roberts, Barry C. Smith, Hongyuan Cao, Hong Wang, Patrick Balungwe Birindwa, Marius Baguma, Karl-Franzens-Universität [Graz, Autriche], Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH | Centre de recherche de Juliers, Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft = Helmholtz Association, The Pennsylvania State University, University of Tennessee, University of Buenos Aires [Argentina], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Goethe University of Frankfurt am Main, Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), Radboud university [Nijmegen], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution RAS, 119071, Russia., RespiraLibre - Centro de Otorrinolaringología, Department of Agriculture, Food, Environment and Forestry (DAGRI), University of Florence, Partenaires INRAE, Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Federal University of Technology of Akure (FUTA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Dayton, Iran University of Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, University of Verona (UNIVR), Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), University of Alaska [Fairbanks] (UAF), Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center [Jerusalem], University of Southern Queensland (USQ), University of Massachusetts, Instituto Universitario del Hospital Italiano [Buenos Aires, Argentina], Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University (GMU), University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières (UQTR), Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals, University of Padova [Padova, Italy], Kilis Yedi Aralik University, University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Sancaktepe Education and Research Hospital, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania (HUP), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia]-University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], UC San Diego Health, University ofFlorida, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Indiana University [Bloomington], Indiana University System, Columbia University Irving Medical Center (CUIMC), University of Edinburgh, University of California [Merced], University of Stirling, University of London [London], Florida State University [Panama City], Université catholique de Bukavu, Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich, Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences, Sidra Medicine, School of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, Howard University College of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva University , Geneva , Switzerland., CHU Genève, General Hospital Papageorgiou, University of Toulouse, University of Padova, Lyon Neuroscience Research center, IBM T.J. Watson Research Center, Navarrabiomed-IdiSNA, Temple University, Julien, Sabine, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Universitad de Buenos Aires = University of Buenos Aires [Argentina], Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), University of California [Irvine] (UC Irvine), University of California (UC), Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz, Universidad de Extremadura - University of Extremadura (UEX), Radboud University [Nijmegen], Università degli Studi di Firenze = University of Florence (UniFI), University of Naples Federico II = Università degli studi di Napoli Federico II, Università degli studi di Verona = University of Verona (UNIVR), Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries = Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Università degli Studi di Padova = University of Padua (Unipd), University of Pennsylvania-University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine [Univ California San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC)-University of California [San Diego] (UC San Diego), University of California (UC)-University of California (UC), Centre de recherche en neurosciences de Lyon - Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne (UJM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tata Institute of Fundamental Research [Bangalore], University of California [Merced] (UC Merced), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Sidra Medicine [Doha, Qatar], Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria = University of Insubria [Varese] (Uninsubria), and Universitá degli Studi dell’Insubria

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), Cross-sectional study, Visual analogue scale, Anosmia, Audiology, Logistic regression, AcademicSubjects/SCI01180, Article, Odds, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Hyposmia, Humans, Medicine, [SDV.MHEP.OS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, 030223 otorhinolaryngology, SARS-CoV-2, business.industry, [SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience, COVID-19, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Smell, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.MHEP.OS] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Sensory Organs, Smell loss, [SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases, Female, Original Article, Self Report, medicine.symptom, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology
Abstract

BackgroundCOVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.MethodsThis preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.ResultsBoth C19+ and C19-groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ∼50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset.ConclusionsAs smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4

Published
2020

43. Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness

Author

Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Tung, Joyce Y, Eriksson, Nicholas, Albrecht, Eva, Aliev, Fazil, Andreassen, Ole A, Barroso, Inês, Beckmann, Jacques S, Boks, Marco P, Boomsma, Dorret I, Boyd, Heather A, Breteler, Monique MB, Campbell, Harry, Chasman, Daniel I, Cherkas, Lynn F, Davies, Gail, De Geus, Eco JC, Deary, Ian J, Deloukas, Panos, Dick, Danielle M, Duffy, David L, Eriksson, Johan G, Esko, Tõnu, Feenstra, Bjarke, Geller, Frank, Gieger, Christian, Giegling, Ina, Gordon, Scott D, Han, Jiali, Hansen, Thomas F, Hartmann, Annette M, Hayward, Caroline, Heikkilä, Kauko, Hicks, Andrew A, Hirschhorn, Joel N, Hottenga, Jouke-Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ikram, M Arfan, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kemp, John P, Khaw, Kay-Tee, Klopp, Norman, Konte, Bettina, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Li, Xin, Loos, Ruth JF, Luciano, Michelle, Magnusson, Sigurdur H, Mangino, Massimo, Marques-Vidal, Pedro, Martin, Nicholas G, McArdle, Wendy L, McCarthy, Mark I, Medina-Gomez, Carolina, Melbye, Mads, Melville, Scott A, Metspalu, Andres, Milani, Lili, Mooser, Vincent, Nelis, Mari, Nyholt, Dale R, O'Connell, Kevin S, Ophoff, Roel A, Palmer, Cameron, Palotie, Aarno, Palviainen, Teemu, Pare, Guillaume, Paternoster, Lavinia, Peltonen, Leena, Penninx, Brenda WJH, Polasek, Ozren, Pramstaller, Peter P, Prokopenko, Inga, Raikkonen, Katri, Ripatti, Samuli, Rivadeneira, Fernando, Rudan, Igor, Rujescu, Dan, Smit, Johannes H, Smith, George Davey, Smoller, Jordan W, Soranzo, Nicole, Spector, Tim D, Pourcain, Beate St, Starr, John M, Stefánsson, Hreinn, Steinberg, Stacy, Teder-Laving, Maris, Thorleifsson, Gudmar, Stefánsson, Kári, Timpson, Nicholas J, Uitterlinden, André G, Van Duijn, Cornelia M, Van Rooij, Frank JA, Vink, Jaqueline M, Vollenweider, Peter, Vuoksimaa, Eero, Waeber, Gérard, Wareham, Nicholas J, Warrington, Nicole, Waterworth, Dawn, Werge, Thomas, Wichmann, H-Erich, Widen, Elisabeth, Willemsen, Gonneke, Wright, Alan F, Wright, Margaret J, Xu, Mousheng, Zhao, Jing Hua, Kraft, Peter, Hinds, David A, Lindgren, Cecilia M, Mägi, Reedik, Neale, Benjamin M, Evans, David M, and Medland, Sarah E

Subjects
Adult, Male, Genetic Variation, Middle Aged, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Functional Laterality, Linkage Disequilibrium, Quantitative Trait, Heritable, Sex Factors, Gene Frequency, Genetic Loci, Humans, Female, Aged, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Handedness has been extensively studied because of its relationship with language and the over-representation of left-handers in some neurodevelopmental disorders. Using data from the UK Biobank, 23andMe and the International Handedness Consortium, we conducted a genome-wide association meta-analysis of handedness (N = 1,766,671). We found 41 loci associated (P < 5 × 10-8) with left-handedness and 7 associated with ambidexterity. Tissue-enrichment analysis implicated the CNS in the aetiology of handedness. Pathways including regulation of microtubules and brain morphology were also highlighted. We found suggestive positive genetic correlations between left-handedness and neuropsychiatric traits, including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Furthermore, the genetic correlation between left-handedness and ambidexterity is low (rG = 0.26), which implies that these traits are largely influenced by different genetic mechanisms. Our findings suggest that handedness is highly polygenic and that the genetic variants that predispose to left-handedness may underlie part of the association with some psychiatric disorders.

Published
2020
Full Text
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44. Recent smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19:a preregistered, cross-sectional study

Author

Gerkin, Richard C, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria Geraldine, Joseph, Paule V, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Steele, Kimberley E, Farruggia, Michael C, Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y, Bouysset, Cédric, Soler, Graciela M, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W, Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, M Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A, Singh, Preet B, Brindha, V Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B, Saraiva, Luis R, Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Öztürk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W, Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Philpott, Carl M, Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D C, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, and Albayay, Javier

Subjects
COVID-19, Lugtesans
Abstract

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 has heterogeneous manifestations, though one of the most common symptoms is a sudden loss of smell (anosmia or hyposmia). We investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19.METHODS: This preregistered, cross-sectional study used a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0-100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n=4148) or negative (C19-; n=546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified singular and cumulative predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery.RESULTS: Both C19+ and C19- groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean±SD, C19+: -82.5±27.2 points; C19-: -59.8±37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both single and cumulative feature models (ROC AUC=0.72), with additional features providing no significant model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms, such as fever or cough. Olfactory recovery within 40 days was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since illness onset.CONCLUSIONS: As smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19, we developed the ODoR-19 tool, a 0-10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss. Numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (10

Published
2020
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45. The Augmented Classical Twin Design: Incorporating Genome‐Wide Identity by Descent Sharing Into Twin Studies in Order to Model Violations of the Equal Environments Assumption

Author

Hwang, Liang Dar, Mitchell, Brittany L., Medland, Sarah E., Martin, Nicholas G., Neale, Michael C., Evans, David M., Hwang, Liang Dar, Mitchell, Brittany L., Medland, Sarah E., Martin, Nicholas G., Neale, Michael C., and Evans, David M.

Abstract

The Classical Twin Method (CTM) compares the similarity of monozygotic (MZ) twins with that of dizygotic (DZ) twins to make inferences about the relative importance of genes and environment in the etiology of individual differences. The design has been applied to thousands of traits across the biomedical, behavioral and social sciences and is arguably the most widely used natural experiment known to science. The fundamental assumption of the CTM is that trait relevant environmental covariation within MZ pairs is the same as that found within DZ pairs, so that zygosity differences in within-pair variance must be due to genetic factors uncontaminated by the environment. This equal environments assumption (EEA) has been, and still is hotly contested, and has been mentioned as a possible contributing factor to the missing heritability conundrum. In this manuscript, we introduce a new model for testing the EEA, which we call the Augmented Classical Twin Design which uses identity by descent (IBD) sharing between DZ twin pairs to estimate separate environmental variance components for MZ and DZ twin pairs, and provides a test of whether these are equal. We show through simulation that given large samples of DZ twin pairs, the model provides unbiased estimates of variance components and valid tests of the EEA under strong assumptions (e.g. no epistatic variance, IBD sharing in DZ twins estimated accurately etc.) which may not hold in reality. Sample sizes in excess of 50,000 DZ twin pairs with genome-wide genetic data are likely to be required in order to detect substantial violations of the EEA with moderate power. Consequently, we recommend that the Augmented Classical Twin Design only be applied to datasets with very large numbers of DZ twin pairs (> 50,000 DZ twin pairs), and given the strong assumptions relating to the absence of epistatic variance, appropriate caution be exercised regarding interpretation of the results.

Published
2021

46. Corrigendum to: More Than Smell-COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell, Taste, and Chemesthesis.

Author

UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - SSS/IONS/NEUR - Clinical Neuroscience, UCL - (SLuc) Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Rohlfs Domínguez, Paloma, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, Katherine L, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie D C, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William E A, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D'Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper H B, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, GCCR Group Author, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, and Hayes, John E

Abstract

This is a correction notice for article bjaa041 (DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/chemse/bjaa041), published 20 June 2020. An incorrect version of the caption to Figure 5 was mistakenly included in the published paper. An updated version is given below. Neither the data nor the paper’s conclusions were affected by this correction. The authors sincerely apologize for the error.

Published
2021

47. Recent Smell Loss Is the Best Predictor of COVID-19 Among Individuals With Recent Respiratory Symptoms

Author

Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., Parma, Valentina, Gerkin, Richard C., Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G., Joseph, Paule, Kelly, Christine E., Bakke, Alyssa J., Steele, Kimberley E., Farruggia, Michael C., Pellegrino, Robert, Pepino, Marta Y., Bouysset, Cedric, Soler, Graciela M., Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Dibattista, Michele, Cooper, Keiland W., Croijmans, Ilja, Di Pizio, Antonella, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W., Lin, Cailu, Sandell, Mari A., Singh, Preet B., Brindha, V. Evelyn, Olsson, Shannon B., Saraiva, Luis R., Ahuja, Gaurav, Alwashahi, Mohammed K., Bhutani, Surabhi, D'Errico, Anna, Fornazieri, Marco A., Golebiowski, Jerome, Hwang, Liang Dar, Ozturk, Lina, Roura, Eugeni, Spinelli, Sara, Whitcroft, Katherine L., Faraji, Farhoud, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S., Heinbockel, Thomas, Hsieh, Julien W., Huart, Caroline, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Menini, Anna, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K., Philpott, Carl M., Pierron, Denis, Shields, Vonnie D. C., Voznessenskaya, Vera V., Albayay, Javier, Altundag, Aytug, Bensafi, Moustafa, Bock, Maria Adelaida, Calcinoni, Orietta, Fredborg, William, Laudamiel, Christophe, Lim, Juyun, Lundstrom, Johan N., Macchi, Alberto, Meyer, Pablo, Moein, Shima T., Santamaria, Enrique, Sengupta, Debarka, Dominguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Yanik, Huseyin, Hummel, Thomas, Hayes, John E., Reed, Danielle R., Niv, Masha Y., Munger, Steven D., and Parma, Valentina

Abstract

In a preregistered, cross-sectional study, we investigated whether olfactory loss is a reliable predictor of COVID-19 using a crowdsourced questionnaire in 23 languages to assess symptoms in individuals self-reporting recent respiratory illness. We quantified changes in chemosensory abilities during the course of the respiratory illness using 0–100 visual analog scales (VAS) for participants reporting a positive (C19+; n = 4148) or negative (C19−; n = 546) COVID-19 laboratory test outcome. Logistic regression models identified univariate and multivariate predictors of COVID-19 status and post-COVID-19 olfactory recovery. Both C19+ and C19− groups exhibited smell loss, but it was significantly larger in C19+ participants (mean ± SD, C19+: −82.5 ± 27.2 points; C19−: −59.8 ± 37.7). Smell loss during illness was the best predictor of COVID-19 in both univariate and multivariate models (ROC AUC = 0.72). Additional variables provide negligible model improvement. VAS ratings of smell loss were more predictive than binary chemosensory yes/no-questions or other cardinal symptoms (e.g., fever). Olfactory recovery within 40 days of respiratory symptom onset was reported for ~50% of participants and was best predicted by time since respiratory symptom onset. We find that quantified smell loss is the best predictor of COVID-19 amongst those with symptoms of respiratory illness. To aid clinicians and contact tracers in identifying individuals with a high likelihood of having COVID-19, we propose a novel 0–10 scale to screen for recent olfactory loss, the ODoR-19. We find that numeric ratings ≤2 indicate high odds of symptomatic COVID-19 (4 < OR < 10). Once independently validated, this tool could be deployed when viral lab tests are impractical or unavailable.

Published
2021
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48. Evaluating the role of alcohol consumption in breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility using population-based cohort studies and two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses

Author

Ong, Jue Sheng, Derks, Eske M., Eriksson, Mikael, An, Jiyuan, Hwang, Liang Dar, Easton, Douglas F., Pharoah, Paul P., Berchuck, Andrew, Kelemen, Linda E., Matsuo, Keitaro, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Hall, Per, Bojesen, Stig E., Webb, Penelope M., MacGregor, Stuart, Ong, Jue Sheng, Derks, Eske M., Eriksson, Mikael, An, Jiyuan, Hwang, Liang Dar, Easton, Douglas F., Pharoah, Paul P., Berchuck, Andrew, Kelemen, Linda E., Matsuo, Keitaro, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Hall, Per, Bojesen, Stig E., Webb, Penelope M., and MacGregor, Stuart

Abstract

Alcohol consumption is correlated positively with risk for breast cancer in observational studies, but observational studies are subject to reverse causation and confounding. The association with epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is unclear. We performed both observational Cox regression and two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using data from various European cohort studies (observational) and publicly available cancer consortia (MR). These estimates were compared to World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) findings. In our observational analyses, the multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for a one standard drink/day increase was 1.06 (95% confidence interval [CI]; 1.04, 1.08) for breast cancer and 1.00 (0.92, 1.08) for EOC, both of which were consistent with previous WCRF findings. MR ORs per genetically predicted one standard drink/day increase estimated via 34 SNPs using MR-PRESSO were 1.00 (0.93, 1.08) for breast cancer and 0.95 (0.85, 1.06) for EOC. Stratification by EOC subtype or estrogen receptor status in breast cancers made no meaningful difference to the results. For breast cancer, the CIs for the genetically derived estimates include the point-estimate from observational studies so are not inconsistent with a small increase in risk. Our data provide additional evidence that alcohol intake is unlikely to have anything other than a very small effect on risk of EOC.

Published
2021

49. Genome-wide association study identifies 48 common genetic variants associated with handedness

Author

Onderzoeksgroep 2, Brain, Hersenen-Bedrijfsvoering, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Tung, Joyce Y., Eriksson, Nicholas, Albrecht, Eva, Aliev, Fazil, Andreassen, Ole A., Barroso, Inês, Beckmann, Jacques S., Boks, Marco P., Boomsma, Dorret I., Boyd, Heather A., Breteler, Monique M.B., Campbell, Harry, Chasman, Daniel I., Cherkas, Lynn F., Davies, Gail, de Geus, Eco J.C., Deary, Ian J., Deloukas, Panos, Dick, Danielle M., Duffy, David L., Eriksson, Johan G., Esko, Tõnu, Feenstra, Bjarke, Geller, Frank, Gieger, Christian, Giegling, Ina, Gordon, Scott D., Han, Jiali, Hansen, Thomas F., Hartmann, Annette M., Hayward, Caroline, Heikkilä, Kauko, Hicks, Andrew A., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E., Hwang, Liang Dar, Ikram, M. Arfan, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kemp, John P., Khaw, Kay Tee, Klopp, Norman, Konte, Bettina, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Li, Xin, Loos, Ruth J.F., Luciano, Michelle, Ophoff, Roel A., Onderzoeksgroep 2, Brain, Hersenen-Bedrijfsvoering, Cuellar-Partida, Gabriel, Tung, Joyce Y., Eriksson, Nicholas, Albrecht, Eva, Aliev, Fazil, Andreassen, Ole A., Barroso, Inês, Beckmann, Jacques S., Boks, Marco P., Boomsma, Dorret I., Boyd, Heather A., Breteler, Monique M.B., Campbell, Harry, Chasman, Daniel I., Cherkas, Lynn F., Davies, Gail, de Geus, Eco J.C., Deary, Ian J., Deloukas, Panos, Dick, Danielle M., Duffy, David L., Eriksson, Johan G., Esko, Tõnu, Feenstra, Bjarke, Geller, Frank, Gieger, Christian, Giegling, Ina, Gordon, Scott D., Han, Jiali, Hansen, Thomas F., Hartmann, Annette M., Hayward, Caroline, Heikkilä, Kauko, Hicks, Andrew A., Hirschhorn, Joel N., Hottenga, Jouke Jan, Huffman, Jennifer E., Hwang, Liang Dar, Ikram, M. Arfan, Kaprio, Jaakko, Kemp, John P., Khaw, Kay Tee, Klopp, Norman, Konte, Bettina, Kutalik, Zoltan, Lahti, Jari, Li, Xin, Loos, Ruth J.F., Luciano, Michelle, and Ophoff, Roel A.

Published
2021

50. Genetic Analysis of Chemosensory Traits in Human Twins

Author

Knaapila, Antti, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Lysenko, Anna, Duke, Fujiko F., Fesi, Brad, Khoshnevisan, Amin, James, Rebecca S., Wysocki, Charles J., Rhyu, MeeRa, Tordoff, Michael G., Bachmanov, Alexander A., Mura, Emi, Nagai, Hajime, and Reed, Danielle R.

Published
2012
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