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1. Due to seasonal breeding, geese breeds from Southern China have low egg yield. The genetic makeup underlying performance of local breeds is largely unknown, and few studies have investigated this problem. This study integrated 21 newly generated and 50 publicly existing RNA-seq libraries, representing the hypothalamus, pituitary and testis, to identify candidate genes and importantly related pathways associated with seasonal breeding in male Lion-Head geese.2. In total, 19, 119 and 302 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the hypothalamus, pituitary and testis, respectively, of male Lion-Head geese between non-breeding and breeding periods. These genes were significantly involved in the neuropeptide signalling pathway, gland development, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, JAK-STAT signalling pathway, cAMP signalling pathway, PI3K-Akt signalling pathway and Foxo signalling pathway.3. By integrating another 50 RNA-seq samples 4, 18 and 40 promising DEGs were confirmed in hypothalamus, pituitary and testis, respectively.4.

Children are susceptible to allergic rhinitis (caused by external allergens) accompanied by functional gastrointestinal disease, which seriously affects physical and mental health. Antihistamines and nasal spray hormones are commonly used in clinical treatment, but these drugs often have unsatisfactory efficacy and result in high recurrence rates. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis with functional gastrointestinal disease and seeking safer treatment and prevention methods is essential. Herein, molecular ecology and immunoassays were used to analyze correlations between pediatric allergic rhinitis with functional gastrointestinal disease and both the intestinal microbiota and gastrointestinal peptide levels. Fifty healthy children (healthy group) and 80 children with allergic rhinitis with functional gastrointestinal disease (case group: evenly divided into a control group (conventional drug therapy) and an intervention group (conventional drug therapy + glutamine+probiotics)), were enrolled. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus counts and the gastrin and motilin levels were lower in the case group than in the healthy group, whereas Enterobacter, yeast, and Enterococcus counts and the somatostatin, serotonin, and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels were higher. Post treatment, intestinal microbiota indices, gastrointestinal peptide levels, and intestinal barrier function were better in the intervention group than in the control group ( p < 0.05). The intervention group had a significantly higher total therapeutic response rate (95.00%) than the control group (77.50%). The intestinal microbiota was closely associated with gastrointestinal peptide levels. Treatment with glutamine and probiotics regulated these levels, re-established balance in the intestinal microbiota, and restored intestinal barrier function.

Operation target beam power of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS), as the China’s first 100 kW beam power pulsed neutron source, is now larger than 80 kW. During the beam power upgrading process of CSNS to 50 kW from 2018 to 2019, many improvements have been made for the front end of CSNS. The improvements mainly focus on solving the problems of ion source instability and the radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) sparking caused by the pre-chopped beam into RFQ.

Patent blue v, one of synthetic colours, is commonly used to improve the appearance of foods in Europe, but the health concerns associated with synthetic colours has been sometimes reported. In pre...

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made more awful effect on wellbeing and economy worldwide on an extraordinary scale. Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2), the principal receptor of SARS-CoV2, has been found to be communicated with Dopa decarboxylase in unwinding the connection of catecholamines with COVID-19 infection. Cardiovascular (CV) sickness, diabetes, hypertension, and related conditions cause significant risks during the current situation and the affected people are under basic observation around the world. The hypertension and diabetes are related with alterations in the degrees of catecholamines associated with renal gland. The naive form of renal dopaminergic framework is related with the expanded reabsorption of sodium resulting in downregulation of the ACE2 expression. Catecholamine biosynthesis is managed by counter-controlling angiotensin type 1R (AT1R) and angiotensin type 2R (AT2R), incitement of AT2 lessens catecholamine biosynthesis by means of a diminishing in cGMP levels likewise incitement of AT1 initiate catecholamine biosynthesis. This audit sums up the conceivable contribution of catecholamines in intense COVID-19 contamination and furthermore featured possible restorative adequacy of catecholamine flagging pathways against the incessant SARS-CoV-2.

Introduction and Objective Onasemnogene abeparvovec (formerly AVXS-101), is designed to address the genetic root cause of spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), survival motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1) deletion/mutation. Here, we evaluate final data from STR1VE-US (NCT03306277), a multicenter, open-label, single-arm, single-dose, Phase 3 study conducted in the United States, investigating efficacy and safety of one-time intravenous infusion of onasemnogene abeparvovec in patients with SMA1 (aged, Methods Co-primary endpoints: independent sitting for ≥30 seconds at the 18 months visit, survival (no death/permanent ventilation) at 14 months of age. Co-secondary endpoints: ability to thrive at 18 months (composite of: tolerates thin liquids, no mechanical nutrition support, maintains weight consistent with age), independence from ventilatory support at 18 months (based on Trilogy BiPAP usage). Safety endpoints: unanticipated treatment-related toxicity of Grade ≥3 based on CTCAE. Results All co-primary and co-secondary endpoints demonstrated statistically significant benefits of onasemnogene abeparvovec compared with untreated controls in the Pediatric Neuromuscular Clinical Research (PNCR) study. Thirteen of 22 (59.1%) patients treated with onasemnogene abeparvovec achieved the milestone of functional independent sitting for ≥30 seconds at the 18-month visit (P Conclusions In the STR1VE-US study, patients with SMA1 treated with onasemnogene abeparvovec demonstrated a significant therapeutic benefit and a favourable the benefit-risk profile.

The failures of polypropylene laminated paper (PPLP), the major insulation of high temperature superconducting (HTS) cables, are mainly rooted in the electrical ageing. In this paper, effects of electrical ageing on AC breakdown and trap distribution characteristics of PPLP are investigated. Electrical ageing under AC voltage of PPLP in liquid nitrogen is carried out. The breakdown performance and trap distribution of PPLP are characterized by AC breakdown and isothermal surface potential decay (ISPD) measurements. In addition, the aged samples are further analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results demonstrate that the breakdown strength of PPLP decreases from 113.32 kV/mm to 92.36 kV/mm after ageing for 60 min under 30 kV. The energy level and trap density of deep trap calculated by ISPD results both decrease with ageing. FTIR and SEM indicate that the partial cellulose of insulating paper on the out-layer of PPLP is broken under the impact of high-energy electrons. As a result, the free volume of insulating paper is expanded, and the binding ability of cellulose molecular chains to charge carriers is weakened, which leads to the decrease of energy level and trap density of deep trap and further promotes the charge transportation. Therefore, a decreased breakdown strength of PPLP can be observed after electrical ageing. In conclusion, it is proposed that the destruction of molecular chain structure in the aged PPLP can lead the change of trap distribution, further resulting in the decline of breakdown strength.

An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of soy isoflavone daidzein on ruminal fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and rumen bacterial community in beef cattle. Six rumen-cannulated adult beef cattle were assigned to three blocks according to similar body weight in a randomised block design, with two cattle each block. Each block randomly received one of the two dietary treatments: control (basal concentrate) and daidzein (supplementation with 500 mg daidzein/kg basal concentrate). High-throughput sequencing data showed that supplemental daidzein increased the relative abundance of bacteria belonging to phylum Bacteroidetes (p = .050), but reduced and tended to reduce the relative abundance of phylum Spirochaetae (p = .030) and Firmicutes (p = .080). At the genus level, the relative abundance of Prevotella (p = .036), RC9_gut_group (p = .019), Succinivibrio (p = .093) and Ruminobacter (p = .085) were increased or tended to be increased by daidzein supplementation. However, supplemental daidzein reduced or tended to reduce some uncultured and unclassified bacteria genus belonging to Ruminococcaceae (p = .028), Prevotellaceae (p = .088) and Lachnospiraceae (p = .068). The ruminal pH (p = .023) and ammonia-N (p = .031) concentration were lower in the daidzein group than in the control group, but the daidzein group tended to have greater ruminal total VFA (p = .063) concentration. Supplemental daidzein increased urinary excretion of allantoin (p = .005) and total purine derivatives (p = .007). Current results suggest that supplemental daidzein can affect ruminal fermentation by changing ruminal microbial community, increase the production of VFA and enhance microbial protein synthesis in the rumen, showing the potential of daidzein for improving ruminal fermentation in beef cattle.

Background and aim Balance deficits are common after total knee arthroplasty (TKA); however the responsiveness of commonly used balance measurement tools has not been well defined. The objective of this prospective study was to compare the internal and external responsiveness of four measurement tools in assessing recovery of balance function following TKA. Methods A total of 134 individuals with TKA (95 women; age: 66.3 ± 6.6 years) completed the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BESTest), Mini-BESTest, Brief-BESTest, and Berg Balance Scale (BBS) at 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 weeks post-TKA. The Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) served as the anchor measure, and was also measured across these time points. Internal responsiveness was indicated by the standardized response mean (SRM), while external responsiveness was reflected by the degree of association of the changes of balance scores with those of FGA. Results The SRM ranged from 0.60–1.14 for the BESTest, 0.40–0.94 for the Mini-BESTest, 0.27–0.91 for the Brief-BESTest, and 0.19–0.70 for the BBS, over time. The change in BESTest and Mini-BESTest scores predicted the change in the FGA scores across all time periods, except for the Mini-BESTest between weeks 12–24, accounting for 13–27%, and 12–24% of the variance, respectively. The Brief-BESTest scores only predicted FGA scores between the weeks 2–4 ( R 2 = 20%). The changes in BBS scores were not associated with the FGA. Conclusion The BESTest is the most responsive in measuring recovery of balance among individuals with TKA. The Mini-BESTest is a reasonable option during time constraints.

Summary There is substantial inter-individual variability in serum testosterone levels in hypogonadal men treated with testosterone gels. We aimed to elucidate participant-level factors that contribute to inter-individual variability in testosterone levels during testosterone therapy. An exploratory aim was to determine whether polymorphisms in genes encoding testosterone-metabolizing enzymes could explain the variation in on-treatment testosterone concentrations in men who were randomized to testosterone arm in TOM Trial. We used data from three randomized trials that used 1% transdermal testosterone gels and had testosterone levels measured 2–4 weeks after randomization for dose adjustment: Testosterone in Older Men with Mobility Limitation (TOM), Effects of Testosterone on Pain Perception (TAP), and Effects of Testosterone on Atherosclerosis Progression (TEAAM). Forty-seven percent, 38%, and 9% of participants in TAP, TEAAM, and TOM trials, respectively, failed to raise testosterone levels >400 ng/dL; 6, 8, and 30% of participants had on-treatment testosterone levels >1000 ng/dL. Even after dose adjustment, there was substantial variation in on-treatment levels at subsequent study visits. Baseline characteristics (age, height, weight, baseline testosterone, SHBG, hematocrit, and creatinine) accounted for only a small fraction of the variance (

In this review, we introduce various magnetic biosensors that have been developed. We first explain the advantages of magnetic biosensing and their general operating principles as well as the biolabeling technique for magnetic nanoparticles. Next, we focus on magnetoresistive biosensing technologies because magnetoresistive biosensors will be an essential development direction due to the demand for miniaturization and portable lab-on-a-chip devices. The magnetoresistive effects employed in biosensing include anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance and tunneling magnetoresistance. In addition to magnetoresistive sensors, the advantages and disadvantages of some nonmagnetoresistive magnetic biosensors are discussed and compared. Finally, we introduce research on integrating magnetic biosensors into the microfluidic laboratory-on-a-chip systems and comment on future development trends.

An accelerator-based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) facility has been built at the campus of China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). To upgrade it, a Drift Tube Linac (DTL) is designed to provide a 40 mA, 25% duty factor, 10.1 MeV beam for the target. Two opposing power couplers are employed to deliver forward peak power up to 640 kW for the beam and DTL cavity. A new coaxial power coupler with a single Tristan type window is designed to meet the power and coupling coefficient requirements. In this paper, the detailed RF optimization process of the coupler is described. According to the RF simulation results, the multipacting (MP) phenomenon at critical locations is simulated by the CST PS (Particle Studio). Simulations of thermal and mechanical are also carried out, the cooling design to provide a large margin for RF heating is performed based on the simulation results.

Vision loss can result from common eye diseases and continue to be a major disability due to its dramatic effect on the quality of life of patients. Injuries to the retina lead to visual impairment in age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy, while injuries to the optic nerve cause loss of vision in glaucoma. Other injuries to the cornea can also cause scarring and subsequent blindness. Current therapies are limited at halting or minimizing disease progression while cure and restoration of vision remain a challenge for many common eye diseases. Stem cell-based therapy is a promising treatment to restore vision in patients with retinal diseases or ocular surface injury. Transplantation of stem cells from various sources including embryonic stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, retinal progenitor cells, and limbal stem cells has been used in repairing and replacing nonfunctioning cells. Stem cell-based therapy will continue to be an exciting field of research, and its potential for clinical therapy has just begun to unravel.

To establish normal values for detection indexes of peripheral skeletal muscle dysfunction (quadriceps femoris) of healthy older subjects, and investigate the functional status of the peripheral skeletal muscle of patients with stable phase COPD.Patients with stable phase COPD and healthy subjects of similar age were included. The assessments of strength and myoelectricity of the quadriceps femoris were recorded. The twitch tension of the quadriceps femoris (TwQ), quadriceps maximum voluntary contraction (QMVC), and endurance time (Tf) were measured. The multiple-parameter malnutrition index (MNI) was used for overall evaluation of the nutritional status of patients. The femoral muscle volume was estimated. All subjects were subjected to a routine pulmonary function test including indexes such as FEV1, FVC, FEV1/FVC (%), and PEF. Enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to measure the levels of myostatin, tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-like apoptosis-inducing factor (TWEAK), surface active protein D (SPD), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. The cell immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of nuclear factor Kappa B (NF-κB).There were significant differences in body weight, BMI, femoral muscle volume, and physical activity scores between the two groups (p0.01). The MNI of patients in the COPD group was significantly higher than that in the control group (p0.01). The QMVC of 51 male and 16 female patients decreased. All eight tested cytokines increased in the COPD group but there were only significant differences in four cytokines (p0.05).Chronic systemic inflammation is a major risk factor of skeletal muscle dysfunction (SMD) in COPD patients. The levels of SPD, myostatin, TWEAK, and TNF-α decreased significantly in COPD patients.

This paper discusses the performance and reliability of the third generation split-gate flash memory cell (ESF3) successfully embedded in a high performance and low power 28 nm logic process technology. The scaling of the 1.05V select transistor is demonstrated with the excellent program and erase efficiency and the 1M program/erase (P/E) cycle endurance capability. The silicon result of a 4Mb test chip and a 32Mb design will be also be shown.

We propose a new and highly effective tool to add to the ever shrinking toolbox for combating infections caused by antibiotic resistant bacteria; N-chloramine and quaternized N-chloramine were coated onto iron-oxide magnetic nanoparticles to generate antibacterial MNPs. Two differently-sized primary iron-oxide nanoparticles (3 nm and 10 nm) were synthesized and coated with silica and (3-chloropropyl)triethoxysilane, allowing subsequent introduction of N-chloramine precursors – dimethyl hydantoin (DMH) and quaternized dimethyl hydantoin (QDMH). The functionalized MNPs (MNP@DMH and MNP@QDMH) have a clear core–shell structure as evidenced by TEM images. Fe3O4 was identified (by combining X-ray diffraction with Mossbauer spectroscopy) to be the iron oxide in the 10 nm MNPs, while γ-Fe2O3 and Fe3O4 were the 3 nm MNP's oxide phases. Both MNPs (3 nm and 10 nm) have good magnetic responses, with saturation magnetizations of 40 ± 4 emu g−1 and 65 ± 2 emu g−1, respectively. Chlorination activated the antibacterial function and yielded two antibacterial MNPs: MNP@DMCl and MNP@QASCl. At the equivalent [Cl+] of 50 ppm, both coatings demonstrated fast inactivation of the model bacteria methicilin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and multi-drug resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. For either size of primary MNPs, MNP@QDMCl is more effective than MNP@DMCl. A hand-held magnet could quickly remove >99% of the functionalized MNPs from a wound simulant within 2 minutes.

Effect of Ca substitution on the multiferroic properties of non-epitaxially grown polycrystalline Bi1−xCaxFeO3 (BCFO) films on refined Pt(1 1 1) electrode buffered glass substrates is studied. The structural analysis shows that a pure perovskite phase with isotropic orientation is present for BCFO films (x = 0.05–0.15). The grain size and surface roughness are reduced with increasing x. Different from the BCFO ceramics, good ferroelectric properties with the remanent polarization (2Pr) of 91–124 μC/cm2 and electrical coercive field (Ec) of 294–394 kV/cm are obtained in BCFO polycrystalline thin films. Furthermore, the substitution of Ca2+ for Bi3+ effectively enhance the ferromagnetic properties with magnetization (Ms) of 5.9–8.2 emu/cm3 and coercivity (Hc) of 1224–1258 Oe. The ferromagnetic and ferroelectric properties and leakage behavior as functions of Ca content x are discussed.

Non-epitaxially induced perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of Co 50 Pt 50 thin films at room temperature (RT) is reported. The CoPt film having a disordered hcp structure shows a magnetocrystalline anisotropy ( K u RT ) of 1–2 × 10 6 erg/cm 3 in a wide range of layer thickness from 2 to 20 nm. K u RT of about 1 × 10 6 erg/cm 3 can be preserved after a 400 °C-thermal cycle in the 5-nm-thick sample. Moderate PMA, large thickness range, simple preparation process, low formation temperature but good thermal stability make presented hcp CoPt become a remarkable option for advanced spintronic devices.

We propose a multiple estimation adjustment (MEA) method to correct effect overestimation due to selection bias from a hypothesis-generating study (HGS) in pharmacogenetics. MEA uses a hierarchical Bayesian approach to model individual effect estimates from maximal likelihood estimation (MLE) in a region jointly and shrinks them toward the regional effect. Unlike many methods that model a fixed selection scheme, MEA capitalizes on local multiplicity independent of selection. We compared mean square errors (MSEs) in simulated HGSs from naive MLE, MEA and a conditional likelihood adjustment (CLA) method that model threshold selection bias. We observed that MEA effectively reduced MSE from MLE on null effects with or without selection, and had a clear advantage over CLA on extreme MLE estimates from null effects under lenient threshold selection in small samples, which are common among 'top' associations from a pharmacogenetics HGS.