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The environment in which people live is a complex system influenced by multiple factors interacting with each other, and therefore, it is crucial to deeply explore the influences of various factors on environmental perception. Among the numerous factors affecting the experience of urban forests visits, the thermal–acoustic environment stands out prominently. This study focuses on urban forests located in subtropical regions, with specific research conducted in the Xihu Park in Fuzhou, China. The study explores the thermal–acoustic interaction in urban forest environments. A total of 150 participants evaluated the perception of sound, thermal sensation, and overall perception through laboratory experiments, with 36 of them having their objective physiological indicators monitored. Different levels of sound and temperature were selected for the experiments, with three levels for each type of sound. Our results show that increasing temperature enhanced the perceived loudness of sound, especially when the environment was quiet. Sound type and loudness had a significant impact on thermal sensation, but no interaction was observed with temperature. Moreover, we found that certain sounds could improve overall comfort, and the effect was most evident at moderate loudness. Temperature had a significant influence on both comfort and annoyance, with increasing temperature leading to higher annoyance. These findings provide important insights into how the interplay between sound and heat affects human perception and emotional state, providing scientific guidance for the design of more human-centered environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The construction of the ecological security pattern (ESP) and ensuring its integrity are the focal points of ecological actions. However, existing evaluation frameworks lack comprehensiveness, and studies addressing temporal dimensions are limited. This study constructed a comprehensive framework to evaluate ESP and introduced a method to portray the relationship between ecological security status and landscape structure. Initially, multiple indicators were optimized to construct an ecological security index (ESI). The relationship between ESI and landscape structure was quantified. Then, fifteen spatiotemporal factors were combined using the Analytical Hierarchy Process to construct an ecological resistance layer. Finally, Circuit theory was applied to visualize trends in ESP. The findings indicated that ecological security was generally better but with a downward trend. The relationship between ESI and landscape fragmentation was mainly a tradeoff. The area of stable ecological sources was 1251.06 km2 (1996–2021). The number of minimal-cost corridors decreased continuously. Ecological sources with the highest conservation priority were the largest (1336.2 km2) in 2021. The number of pinch points was 25, 31, and 30, while ecological barriers covered 51.5, 148.74, and 139.51 km2 in 1996, 2008, and 2021, respectively. This study will serve as a valuable methodological reference and support ecological civilization projects in Fuzhou. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The POI data and Place2vec model within the third ring of Fuzhou City were used to identify the functional zones in the city, on the basis of which we were able to analyze the characteristics of the spatial differentiation of the thermal field levels in each functional zone. We subsequently constructed the functional zone warming sensitivity index using a boosting regression tree algorithm to quantitatively measure the sensitivity difference of different functional zones in the process of surface warming and then explored the spatial differentiation mechanism of the urban thermal environment on a regional scale. The results showed the following. First, the identification framework of urban functional zones was constructed based on POI data and the Place2vec model; and the identification of the five types of functional zones—the living service and residential zone, public management and service zone, commercial zone, industrial zone, green space and square zone—was highly accuratecy. Second, the internal thermal field grades of the green space and square zone are mainly low-temperature and sub-low-temperature, while the rest of the four types of internal surface heat field grades of functional zones are dominated by medium-temperature, sub-high-temperature, high-temperature, and very-high-temperature zones. Additionally, the distribution of sub-low-temperature, low-temperature, and very-low-temperature zones is not significant. Except for the green space and square zone, all four types of functional zones exhibit high-temperature phenomena, of which the extremely high-temperature zone accounts for the most in the industrial zone (as high as 20.68%) and the least in the green space and square zone(1.90%). Third, the overall sensitivity to temperature increase of each type of functional zone, in descending order, is as follows: industrial zone, living service and residential zone, commercial zone, public management and service zone, green space and square zone. The sensitivity to temperature increase of each functional zone in different warming stages differs significantly under the high-temperature gradient. The sensitivity to temperature increase of the ground cover of different functional zones has the distinctive characteristics of the functional zones. Specifically, the higher the degree of development of the zone, the higher the sensitivity to temperature increase of the built land. The higher the degree of regional construction development, the greater the difference between the sensitivity of construction land and the sensitivity of vegetation and water, and the sensitivity of construction land is always higher than the sensitivity of vegetation and water in each functional zone. The results of this study will help overcome the limitations of existing urban thermal environmental research and provide a scientific decision-making basis for promoting the rational layout of urban functional areas, alleviating the urban heat island effect, preventing the risk of high temperatures under extreme weather conditions, and realizing sustainable urbanization.

The POI data and Place2vec model within the third ring of Fuzhou City were used to identify the functional zones in the city, on the basis of which we were able to analyze the characteristics of the spatial differentiation of the thermal field levels in each functional zone. We subsequently constructed the functional zone warming sensitivity index using a boosting regression tree algorithm to quantitatively measure the sensitivity difference of different functional zones in the process of surface warming and then explored the spatial differentiation mechanism of the urban thermal environment on a regional scale. The results showed the following. First, the identification framework of urban functional zones was constructed based on POI data and the Place2vec model; and the identification of the five types of functional zones--the living service and residential zone, public management and service zone, commercial zone, industrial zone, green space and square zone--was highly accuratecy. Second, the internal thermal field grades of the green space and square zone are mainly low-temperature and sub-low-temperature, while the rest of the four types of internal surface heat field grades of functional zones are dominated by medium-temperature, sub-high-temperature, high-temperature, and very-high-temperature zones. Additionally, the distribution of sub-low-temperature, low-temperature, and verylow-temperature zones is not significant. Except for the green space and square zone, all four types of functional zones exhibit high-temperature phenomena, of which the extremely high-temperature zone accounts for the most in the industrial zone (as high as 20.68%) and the least in the green space and square zone(1.90%). Third, the overall sensitivity to temperature increase of each type of functional zone, in descending order, is as follows: industrial zone, living service and residential zone, commercial zone, public management and service zone, green space and square zone. The sensitivity to temperature increase of each functional zone in different warming stages differs significantly under the high-temperature gradient. The sensitivity to temperature increase of the ground cover of different functional zones has the distinctive characteristics of the functional zones. Specifically, the higher the degree of development of the zone, the higher the sensitivity to temperature increase of the built land. The higher the degree of regional construction development, the greater the difference between the sensitivity of construction land and the sensitivity of vegetation and water, and the sensitivity of construction land is always higher than the sensitivity of vegetation and water in each functional zone. The results of this study will help overcome the limitations of existing urban thermal environmental research and provide a scientific decisionmaking basis for promoting the rational layout of urban functional areas, alleviating the urban heat island effect, preventing the risk of high temperatures under extreme weather conditions, and realizing sustainable urbanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzhou is an important city on the southeast coast of China with rich cultural heritage resources, and it is a national historical and cultural city in China. The main purposes of this study are the following: 1. To study the current situation and spatial distribution of cultural heritage; 2. To study the construction of cultural heritage corridors; 3. To utilize the holistic characteristics of heritage corridors to integrate the cultural heritage elements along the corridors and achieve the optimal allocation of resources. This study collects data from 605 cultural heritage sites in Fuzhou City and establishes a GIS database. The spatial distribution characteristics of cultural heritage in Fuzhou City are studied using aggregation analysis, nearest neighbor analysis, and buffer analysis in GIS technology. The following results were obtained: there is a cultural heritage corridor in Fuzhou City with the Minjiang River serving as the main land and water transportation line, and the closer one is to the water transportation line, the more intensive the distribution of cultural heritage points; and there are three cultural heritage node areas and one special cultural heritage node area. The study of Fuzhou's heritage corridor system has important reference significance for the protection of cultural heritage in coastal historical cities in China and even in East Asia and has exploratory value for the holistic protection of cultural heritage and for the planning and development of tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the dynamics of specific SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies in blood donors in Fuzhou area after receiving booster doses of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and breakthrough infections, and to provide evidence for the timing of the collection of specific immune plasma or convalescent plasma and the subsequent vaccine doses. Methods A total of 109 volunteers who received the first booster dose of inactivated COVID-19 vaccine and 102 volunteers who experienced breakthrough infections were recruited at Fujian Blood Center from October to November 2021. Blood samples were collected at eight time points: 14 (11, 20) days before the booster dose (Time0), 14 (10, 23) days after the booster dose (Time1), 53 (45.5, 61) days after the booster dose (Time2), 88 (78, 101.5) days after the booster dose (Time3), 124 (112.5, 138.5) days after the booster dose (Time4), 158 (146, 174) days after the booster dose (Time5), 194 (179.5, 214) days after the booster dose (Time6) and within one month after the breakthrough infection (Time7). Serum SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies were detected using a chemiluminescence immunoassay. The dynamics of antibody levels were analyzed and the effects of age, gender, weight, BMI, blood type and smoking on antibody levels were also analyzed. Results The positive rate of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies was 53.2% (58/109) at Time0, 100% (109/109) at Time1, and 95.4% (104/109) at Time6. The antibody levels were significantly higher at Time1 and Time6 than at Time0 (P0.05). The IgG antibody level at Time7 was 2.07 times than that at Time1 (P0.05). The IgG antibody level in breakthrough infection group was significantly higher than that in non-breakthrough infection group (P

The environment in which people live is a complex system influenced by multiple factors interacting with each other, and therefore, it is crucial to deeply explore the influences of various factors on environmental perception. Among the numerous factors affecting the experience of urban forests visits, the thermal–acoustic environment stands out prominently. This study focuses on urban forests located in subtropical regions, with specific research conducted in the Xihu Park in Fuzhou, China. The study explores the thermal–acoustic interaction in urban forest environments. A total of 150 participants evaluated the perception of sound, thermal sensation, and overall perception through laboratory experiments, with 36 of them having their objective physiological indicators monitored. Different levels of sound and temperature were selected for the experiments, with three levels for each type of sound. Our results show that increasing temperature enhanced the perceived loudness of sound, especially when the environment was quiet. Sound type and loudness had a significant impact on thermal sensation, but no interaction was observed with temperature. Moreover, we found that certain sounds could improve overall comfort, and the effect was most evident at moderate loudness. Temperature had a significant influence on both comfort and annoyance, with increasing temperature leading to higher annoyance. These findings provide important insights into how the interplay between sound and heat affects human perception and emotional state, providing scientific guidance for the design of more human-centered environments.

Evaluating waterlogging vulnerability and analyzing its characteristics and future trends can provide scientific support for urban disaster prevention and reduction. For this study, taking Fuzhou as an example, an urban waterlogging vulnerability assessment system was constructed from the three dimensions of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The entropy method was used to evaluate urban waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou during 2014–2020. The use of CA–Markov to predict waterlogging vulnerability in 2023, 2026, and 2029 in Fuzhou is an important innovation reported in this paper. Study results showed that: (1) Vulnerability to waterlogging in Fuzhou follows a gradually decreasing "center-southeast" distribution pattern, with Level 5 areas mainly located in Cangshan District, Gulou District, and Taijiang District. (2) Changes in waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou from 2014 to 2020 can be divided into five change modes, with changing areas, mainly of the late-change type, accounting for 14.13% of the total area. (3) Prediction accuracy verification shows that the CA–Markov model is suitable for predicting waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou with high accuracy and a kappa coefficient of 0.9079. (4) From 2020 to 2029, the vulnerability level of the eastern coastal region of Fuzhou is expected to generally increase, and the vulnerability degree will continue to deteriorate. The proportion of Level 5 vulnerable areas will increase by 4.5%, and the growth rate will increase faster and faster with the passage of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Accurate prediction of monthly precipitation is crucial for effective regional water resources management and utilization. However, precipitation series are influenced by multiple factors, exhibiting significant ambiguity, chance, and uncertainty. In this research, we propose a combined model that integrates adaptive noise-complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition (CEEMDAN), variational modal decomposition method (VMD), and bidirectional long- and short-term memory (BILSTM) to enhance precipitation prediction. We apply this model to forecast precipitation in Fuzhou City and compare its performance with existing models, including CEEMD–long and short-term memory (LSTM), CEEMD–BILSTM, and CEEMDAN–BILSTM. Our findings demonstrate that the combined CEEMDAN–VMD–BILSTM quadratic decomposition model yields more accurate predictions and captures the real variation in precipitation series with greater fidelity. The model achieves an average relative error of 1.69%, at a lower level, and an average absolute error of 1.32 m, with a Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.92. Overall, the proposed quadratic decomposition model exhibits excellent applicability, stability, and superior predictive capabilities in monthly precipitation forecasting. HIGHLIGHTS Based on CEEMDAN to effectively reduce the reconstruction error of time series, VMD to effectively reduce the non-smoothness of precipitation time series with high complexity and strong non-linearity, and bidirectional long and short-term memory (BILSTM) model to effectively learn the long-term dependence in time series.; A combined model of adaptive noise-complete ensemble empirical modal decomposition (CEEMDAN), variational modal decomposition method (VMD) and bidirectional long and short-term memory (BILSTM) was constructed. which makes the prediction results more accurate and the coupled model can reflect the real changes of precipitation series in more reasonable details.;

Housing prices are influenced by various factors, which not only have different intensities but also different scale ranges. As a basic category of geographic research, scale is an important parameter for studying the phenomena, and subdividing the intensity of the effects of different types of influencing factors and spatial scales is of great importance for urban planning. Based on the price data of 3,386 commercial housing districts in the central city of Fuzhou in 2021, we used spatial statistics and the Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression model to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of housing prices and the varying scale effects of influencing factors. The results show that: 1) The housing price in the central city of Fuzhou presents an "inverted U-shaped" curve in the east-west and north-south directions, with symmetry in the east-west direction and large differences in the north-south direction. The spatial pattern is a multi-center urban hierarchy system of "one main center and two sub-centers," and the neighborhoods with high housing prices show the characteristics of "a tendency to gather around the Minjiang River, school district, shopping malls, hospitals and ecological resources." 2) The factors influencing housing prices have distinct spatially heterogeneous and exclusive bandwidths. Building ages, shopping malls, and primary schools are local factors belonging to the street scale; the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and hospitals are local factors belonging to the district administrative divisions scale; and the subway station, coach station, and university are global factors belonging to the central city of Fuzhou scale. 3) The strengths of the influencing factors, from largest to smallest, are primary schools, building ages, bus stations, shopping malls, FARs, universities, hospitals, and subway stations. Among them, primary schools, bus stations, FARs, and hospitals are positively correlated with housing prices, whereas building ages, shopping malls, universities, and subway stations are negatively correlated with housing prices. These results can provide theoretical basis for urban planners and policymakers. First, urban planning should be based on the principle of "local adaptation," and the planning layout should be adapted to the spatial and distribution patterns of urban housing prices. Second, urban planning needs to account for the function of functional areas for local factors, whereas global factors need to be evaluated and considered on a large-scale spatial scale. Finally, the strength of the influencing factors is also an important aspect of urban planning. For the influencing factors with strong pulling power, such as primary schools, building ages, and shopping malls, the number of resources allocated and the layout of spatial locations need to be planned rationally, and suitable urban planning solutions need to be proposed to finally achieve the goal of steady economic growth and satisfying residents' willingness to buy houses. This study has some limitations related to data acquisition. The analysis of the temporal trends of the influencing factors should be considered in future studies, as well as account for more influencing factors, such as area, floor, and orientation in future research.

As a kind of urban neighborhood with strong internal heterogeneity, mixed-housing neighborhoods have attracted wide attention from scholars in recent years. Strengthening community ties in mixed-housing neighborhoods is of great significance for increasing neighborhood social capital, cultivating a sense of community, and promoting sustainable development of the neighborhood. The neighborhood activities of residents are an important factor in promoting community ties. However, different housing groups in mixed-housing neighborhoods may have differentiated or even segregated overall daily activities, which may impact their neighborhood activities and call for differentiated planning strategies. In this study, we conduct an empirical study in Fuzhou, China, to identify the spatiotemporal-behavior-based microsegregation and differentiated community ties between residents of different types of housing. The data were collected in 2021 and included residents' activity diary data and questionnaire data about neighborhood interaction and community ties. Through an analysis of the daily overall activity space and activities within the neighborhood areas, the spatiotemporal-behavior-based social segregation of various housing groups is depicted. Furthermore, a multigroup structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the relationships among residents' spatiotemporal behaviors, neighborhood interactions, and community ties, and the heterogeneous influence effects across housing groups. The results show that the more residents' activity spaces overlap with the neighborhood area, the more out-of-home time they spend within the neighborhood, and that the more types of activities are conducted within the neighborhood area, the stronger their community ties are. In addition, neighborhood interaction played a linkage role in the relationships of residents' spatiotemporal behaviors and community ties. Our research aims to further the understanding of microsegregation at the neighborhood level and provide references for the development of mixed-housing neighborhoods and urban land use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Housing prices are influenced by various factors, which not only have different intensities but also different scale ranges. As a basic category of geographic research, scale is an important parameter for studying the phenomena, and subdividing the intensity of the effects of different types of influencing factors and spatial scales is of great importance for urban planning. Based on the price data of 3,386 commercial housing districts in the central city of Fuzhou in 2021, we used spatial statistics and the Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression model to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of housing prices and the varying scale effects of influencing factors. The results show that: 1) The housing price in the central city of Fuzhou presents an "inverted U-shaped" curve in the east-west and north-south directions, with symmetry in the east-west direction and large differences in the north-south direction. The spatial pattern is a multi-center urban hierarchy system of "one main center and two sub-centers," and the neighborhoods with high housing prices show the characteristics of "a tendency to gather around the Minjiang River, school district, shopping malls, hospitals and ecological resources." 2) The factors influencing housing prices have distinct spatially heterogeneous and exclusive bandwidths. Building ages, shopping malls, and primary schools are local factors belonging to the street scale; the Floor Area Ratio (FAR) and hospitals are local factors belonging to the district administrative divisions scale; and the subway station, coach station, and university are global factors belonging to the central city of Fuzhou scale. 3) The strengths of the influencing factors, from largest to smallest, are primary schools, building ages, bus stations, shopping malls, FARs, universities, hospitals, and subway stations. Among them, primary schools, bus stations, FARs, and hospitals are positively correlated with housing prices, whereas building ages, shopping malls, universities, and subway stations are negatively correlated with housing prices. These results can provide theoretical basis for urban planners and policymakers. First, urban planning should be based on the principle of "local adaptation," and the planning layout should be adapted to the spatial and distribution patterns of urban housing prices. Second, urban planning needs to account for the function of functional areas for local factors, whereas global factors need to be evaluated and considered on a large-scale spatial scale. Finally, the strength of the influencing factors is also an important aspect of urban planning. For the influencing factors with strong pulling power, such as primary schools, building ages, and shopping malls, the number of resources allocated and the layout of spatial locations need to be planned rationally, and suitable urban planning solutions need to be proposed to finally achieve the goal of steady economic growth and satisfying residents' willingness to buy houses. This study has some limitations related to data acquisition. The analysis of the temporal trends of the influencing factors should be considered in future studies, as well as account for more influencing factors, such as area, floor, and orientation in future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The walkability of the street networks is critical to improving the walking trips and health levels of urban residents. However, few studies have correlated the quantitative evaluation of street network characteristics with pedestrian spatial perception, and integrated it into a composite pedestrian environment to determine their effects on walking. Using the old city of Fuzhou as a case study, this study aims to deepen the understanding of the effect of street network characteristics on walking by using GIS-based measurements and multiple linear regression (MLR), meanwhile, a multi-source dataset was used to quantify the characteristics of pedestrian environments. The key findings suggest that street network characteristics had a potential driving effect on walking; walking volume on the weekday was negatively associated with Straightness (a measure of street network centrality) and positively associated with the density of bus stops; walking volume on the weekend was positively associated with population density and Reach (a measure of street network accessibility); the density of street length and street intersection, land use mix, configuration of park green space were statistically insignificant factors. These can help provide a basis for more targeted walkability enhancement in urban and street planning and promote the utilization of GIS and other technical methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fuzhou is an important city on the southeast coast of China with rich cultural heritage resources, and it is a national historical and cultural city in China. The main purposes of this study are the following: 1. To study the current situation and spatial distribution of cultural heritage; 2. To study the construction of cultural heritage corridors; 3. To utilize the holistic characteristics of heritage corridors to integrate the cultural heritage elements along the corridors and achieve the optimal allocation of resources. This study collects data from 605 cultural heritage sites in Fuzhou City and establishes a GIS database. The spatial distribution characteristics of cultural heritage in Fuzhou City are studied using aggregation analysis, nearest neighbor analysis, and buffer analysis in GIS technology. The following results were obtained: there is a cultural heritage corridor in Fuzhou City with the Minjiang River serving as the main land and water transportation line, and the closer one is to the water transportation line, the more intensive the distribution of cultural heritage points; and there are three cultural heritage node areas and one special cultural heritage node area. The study of Fuzhou’s heritage corridor system has important reference significance for the protection of cultural heritage in coastal historical cities in China and even in East Asia and has exploratory value for the holistic protection of cultural heritage and for the planning and development of tourism.

Rapid urbanization has gradually increased the contradiction between the demand and supply of urban resources. The quantitative optimization and adjustment of the infrastructure of the 15-min living circle is conducive to the scientific formulation of living circle planning guidelines, and also allows the evaluation of the effectiveness and practicality of policies. We investigate the spatial allocation pattern of infrastructure construction, the actual service capacity of facilities, and the spatial matching of facility service supply and residents' demand from the spatial dimension. Taking Fuzhou City as an example, this study uses multi-source network big data to accurately quantify the supply and demand, and constructs a 15-min living circle facility service supply evaluation system based on the kernel density analysis method, the network analysis method, and the supply and demand matching model. We propose infrastructure enhancement strategies in conjunction with the current status of Fuzhou's urban development. This study also further explores the factors influencing the spatial distribution of basic service facilities and the construction status of community living circles in China. The results show that (a) The distribution of infrastructure presents a different spatial distribution pattern from the actual service supply within the living circle. (b) The infrastructure service in the main area of Fuzhou can basically cope with the demand of residents, but there is still a mismatch between supply and demand. The areas with insufficient supply are mainly distributed in the periphery of the study area. (c) In order to further improve the construction of community living circle, we should first focus on the sub-districts with low service supply level and insufficient supply. According to the specific distribution of facilities, the number of public service facilities should be increased or decreased based on the demand of residents. This paper enriches the practical application of multi-source network big data in urban infrastructure construction, provides a guideline for the spatial layout and resource allocation of infrastructure in 15-min living circles in other cities.

BackgroundPrevious studies have identified a series of specific adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) linked with temperature extremes. Most of them focus on preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. Other possible adverse outcomes were under-researched. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ambient temperature on maternal complications, white blood cell count (WBC), newborn hearing, and neonatal jaundice.MethodsA total of 418 participants were recruited from Fuzhou Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital in 2016. Participants were invited to fill out a structured questionnaire. The gridded near-surface air temperatures at a resolution of 0.1°* 0.1° for Fuzhou were extracted from a published dataset. Meteorological data and PM2.5 were extracted based on participants’ residential addresses using R packages “ncdf4” and “raster.” Multivariate logistic regression models were used to quantify the effects of ambient temperature on APOs after controlling for confounders.ResultsOverall, there were 107 APOs, accounting for 25.6% of all participants. Every 1°C increase in mean temperature was associated with a 10.0% increase in APOs (aOR = 1.100, 95%CI 1.006–1.203) during the period of early pregnancy. However, negative associations were observed in the middle pregnancy period, and a 1°C increase in mean temperature was associated 8.8% decrease in APOs (aOR = 0.912, 95%CI 0.846–0.982). Diurnal temperature variation had a significant impact on APOs in the third trimester. Infant jaundice was negatively associated with temperature exposure in the middle and late pregnancy periods. The risk of neonatal jaundice increased at lag weeks 2–9 in the first trimester, with the greatest lagged effect (aOR = 1.201, 95%CI 1.020–1.413) observed at lag week 3. A 1°C increase in mean temperature led to a 29.6% (aOR = 1.296, 95%CI 1.019–1.649) increase in high WBC. A 1°C increase in temperature variation was associated with more than two times (aOR = 2.469, 95%CI 1.001–6.089) increase of high WBC in the first trimester and about five times (aOR = 4.724, 95%CI 1.548–14.409) increase in the third trimester.ConclusionAmbient temperature affects neonatal jaundice, newborn hearing loss, and infections during pregnancy. In addition to the identified epidemiologic link and susceptible exposure windows, there is a need to understand the underlying biological mechanisms for better recommendations for climate change adaptation policies.

Flood disasters caused by typhoon rainfall seriously threaten regional social and economic development. Accurately assessing the risk of typhoons and their secondary disasters is a great challenge in disaster prevention and reduction. To address this, the city of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, which was severely affected by Typhoon "Lupit" (2109), was selected as a case study. A typhoon rainfall flood disaster system including four components (the disaster-causing factor, disaster-pregnant environment, disaster-bearing body, and disaster prevention and reduction capacity) was constructed. A typhoon-rainfall process comprehensive intensity index (TPCI) based on different time scales within the typhoon process was developed to accurately evaluate the flood risk. The TPCI represented the disaster-causing factors of rainfall intensity, duration, and concentration features. Geographical similarity and random forest (RF) were applied to screen 23 typical indices for an urban flood disaster risk assessment model. The results indicated that the TPCI based on a 6 h precipitation simulation at a 24 h time scale was highly effective in highlighting the role of short-term precipitation in the typhoon process. A total of 66.5% of the floodplain area had a medium-grade or higher TPCI value, while 32.5% of the area had a low-grade TPCI. Only 1% of the flooded areas were not identified, which indicated that the TPCI could accurately capture the risk of typhoon rainfall. The urban flood disaster risk assessment model comprehensively considered socioeconomic and natural environment conditions. High-risk areas were identified as regions with extreme precipitation and dense populations. The dynamic evaluation results accurately described the spatiotemporal differences in the flood disaster risk. A period of extreme precipitation lagged the landfall time of Typhoon "Lupit", causing the proportion of areas above the medium–high-risk threshold of flood disasters to rapidly increase from 8.29% before the landfall of the typhoon to 23.57% before its demise. The high-risk areas of flood disasters were mainly distributed in the towns of Shangjie, Nanyu, and Gaishan, which was consistent with the observed disasters. These study findings could contribute to the development of effective measures for disaster prevention and reduction, and improve the resilience of urban areas to typhoon disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to its advantaged natural conditions, the urban waterfront area had better sense of experience and stronger plasticity in the design of wild plants than other areas. In order to provide basic materials for the construction of waterfront green space landscape with regional characteristics> low maintenance and low consumption, the wild plant communities in the waterfront green space of Fuzhou were investigated and their species composition characteristics were studied. The results showed that there were 66 species of wild herbaceous plants belonging to 62 genera and 31 families in the urban waterfront research area of Fuzhou, among which Gramineae and Asteraceae were the main ones. The proportion of perennial plants was higher than that of 1-year-old and 2-year-old plants, and the native plants were dominan匚 The community characteristics of wild plants in the waterfront areas were summarized, and it was found that the vegetation community structure in the areas with low accessibility tended to be multi-layered and complex, among which the important values of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. and Thalia dealbata Fraser were larger. Based on this, the ornamental plants such as Coreopsis ba sails (A. Dietr.)S. F. Blake, Phragmites australis (Cav.)Trin. ex Steud, etc. were sorted out and analyzed. Finally, it. was proposed to promote the natural regeneration ability of wild plants by means of screening & retention, and vegetation management, so as to play the role of wild plants in repairing the grey zone of urban waterfront space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid increase in urbanization has brought about a great deal of ecological problems, and thus the systematic protection of the environment is vital. Ecological security patterns are important for maintaining regional ecological stability and sustainable urban development. Human disturbance is a key factor affecting the stability and sustainable development of ecosystems. This paper constructs an ecological security pattern and evaluates the degree of human disturbance in Fuzhou City. Through a comprehensive analysis of both of these factors, the ecological priority restoration areas in Fuzhou were identified. The study shows that (1) there are 40 ecological source areas in Fuzhou, with a total area of 4556.48 km2; 83 ecological corridors, with a total distance of 179.33 km; and 30 ecological nodes. (2) The human disturbance degree score in the study area is between 0 and 0.8. The degree of human disturbance forms two larger major cores in Cangshan District, Gulou District, and Fuqing City. (3) The scores for the degree of human disturbance with ecological sources range from 0 to 0.42. The high-priority areas in the study area are distributed at the edges of ecological sources and form two high-scoring aggregation areas in Fuqing City and Jinan District. These corridors have a high degree of human disturbance with scores between 0 and 0.56. The I and II priority areas are mostly found in longer corridors in Fuqing City and Cangshan District near coastal or urban centers, and the III priority areas are mainly distributed in ecological corridors near the inland. The human disturbance degree scores of the nodes range from 0.01 to 0.27, and the nodes with higher grades were mainly distributed in the northeast, southeast, northwest and southwest of the study area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A sustainable urban park should have balanced green space (GS) supply and demand (SAD). A knowledge gap exists to reveal parameters that can indicate the relationship between the supply of GS services and the demand of public health needs. In this study, three primary indicators and 12 secondary indicators were selected to build a comprehensive evaluation system on SAD in the GSs of 14 parks along the "Luck Greenway" in Fuzhou. Parks were categorized and assessed for their ecological service functions, public health demands, and current public health needs. Remote evaluation and field survey were both used to collect data for quantifying functional supply and needs, respectively. It was found that factors, such as the fitness of sports service facilities, vegetation coverage, natural confluence, and mental health, impacted the comprehensive quality of supply services in urban parks. The unbalanced "multi-center" distribution of the coupled evaluation values revealed the mismatch in SAD. This study aimed to provide guidance on planning the health-promoting GS landscape by balancing SAD and maintaining ecological environment protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating waterlogging vulnerability and analyzing its characteristics and future trends can provide scientific support for urban disaster prevention and reduction. For this study, taking Fuzhou as an example, an urban waterlogging vulnerability assessment system was constructed from the three dimensions of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. The entropy method was used to evaluate urban waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou during 2014–2020. The use of CA–Markov to predict waterlogging vulnerability in 2023, 2026, and 2029 in Fuzhou is an important innovation reported in this paper. Study results showed that: (1) Vulnerability to waterlogging in Fuzhou follows a gradually decreasing “center-southeast” distribution pattern, with Level 5 areas mainly located in Cangshan District, Gulou District, and Taijiang District. (2) Changes in waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou from 2014 to 2020 can be divided into five change modes, with changing areas, mainly of the late-change type, accounting for 14.13% of the total area. (3) Prediction accuracy verification shows that the CA–Markov model is suitable for predicting waterlogging vulnerability in Fuzhou with high accuracy and a kappa coefficient of 0.9079. (4) From 2020 to 2029, the vulnerability level of the eastern coastal region of Fuzhou is expected to generally increase, and the vulnerability degree will continue to deteriorate. The proportion of Level 5 vulnerable areas will increase by 4.5%, and the growth rate will increase faster and faster with the passage of time.

The funeral reforms in China condemn widespread burial practices considered "backward" and "uncivilized" while contradicting core grassroots values. Examining collective tomb land expropriation in a former rural township of Fuzhou hosting important military infrastructures, this article highlights issues of accessibility to ancestral land in the context of rapid urbanization and the resulting transition from village commons to state provisioned public goods. How do the original inhabitants of new urban communities make claims on their ancestors' tomb land? What tactics are deployed to comply with state policies as well as to safeguard a certain sense of collective identity? This article shows how former villagers' publicizing strategies of militarizing their ancestors allow for some concessions to be made, despite little room for negotiations left by sweeping urbanization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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As a kind of urban neighborhood with strong internal heterogeneity, mixed-housing neighborhoods have attracted wide attention from scholars in recent years. Strengthening community ties in mixed-housing neighborhoods is of great significance for increasing neighborhood social capital, cultivating a sense of community, and promoting sustainable development of the neighborhood. The neighborhood activities of residents are an important factor in promoting community ties. However, different housing groups in mixed-housing neighborhoods may have differentiated or even segregated overall daily activities, which may impact their neighborhood activities and call for differentiated planning strategies. In this study, we conduct an empirical study in Fuzhou, China, to identify the spatiotemporal-behavior-based microsegregation and differentiated community ties between residents of different types of housing. The data were collected in 2021 and included residents’ activity diary data and questionnaire data about neighborhood interaction and community ties. Through an analysis of the daily overall activity space and activities within the neighborhood areas, the spatiotemporal-behavior-based social segregation of various housing groups is depicted. Furthermore, a multigroup structural equation modeling method was used to analyze the relationships among residents’ spatiotemporal behaviors, neighborhood interactions, and community ties, and the heterogeneous influence effects across housing groups. The results show that the more residents’ activity spaces overlap with the neighborhood area, the more out-of-home time they spend within the neighborhood, and that the more types of activities are conducted within the neighborhood area, the stronger their community ties are. In addition, neighborhood interaction played a linkage role in the relationships of residents’ spatiotemporal behaviors and community ties. Our research aims to further the understanding of microsegregation at the neighborhood level and provide references for the development of mixed-housing neighborhoods and urban land use.

BackgroundType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is an independent risk factor for functional limitations among the older population. The predicted increase in T2DM cases combined with the ongoing rapidly aging population may further burden the already overloaded healthcare system and aggravate the loss of economic self-sufficiency. This study aimed to investigate the activities of daily living (ADL) and its influencing factors on older people with T2DM, and to provide implications for the development and improvement of community nursing services in the context rapidly aging population in China.MethodsFrom March 2019 to June 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire survey among older T2DM patients in Fuzhou, using a multi-stage cluster sampling approach. Functional status was measured by the Lawton ADL scale. Stata “nptrend” test was used to examine the trend of ordinal variables on ADL. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to identify factors affecting ADL limitations.ResultsA total of 2016 questionnaires were received, with a response rate of 96%. 12.4% of participants suffered from varying degrees of functional impairment. ADL limitations increased with age. More comorbidities were associated with a greater risk of developing functional limitations in ADLs. the following sub-groups were more likely to suffer from ADL impairment: those aged 70 and over years (OR = 1.99, 95%CI 1.77–2.56), living in an aged care house or with spouse/children (OR = 2.31, 95%CI 1.25–4.26), low monthly income (OR = 1.49, 95%CI 1.28–1.64), without health insurance (OR = 1.82, 95%CI 1.40–2.40), tight family expenses (OR = 1.95, 95%CI 1.42–2.69), having stroke (OR = 6.70, 95%CI 2.22–20.23) or malignant tumor (OR = 4.45, 95%CI 1.27–15.53), irregular eating habit (OR = 2.55, 95%CI 2.23–2.92), smoking (OR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.22–1.60), sedentary lifestyle (OR = 2.04, 95%CI 1.46–2.85), lack of physical exercise (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.19–1.53), sleeping difficulty (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.10–1.42), and lack of family support (OR = 1.19, 95%CI 1.10–1.29).ConclusionOlder adults (≥70 years) with T2DM had a high prevalence of functional limitations across a range of daily living tasks, which not only affect individual life of quality but also present a huge burden on the family, health services system, and the whole society. Identified factors associated with ADL limitations may provide useful information for targeted nursing practice and health promotion.

BackgroundThis current study set out to investigate the status of sleep health in 7–20-year-old students in Fuzhou and explore the related influencing factors of sleep health.MethodsA total of 38,467 children and adolescents in Fuzhou were included in the study through a random stratified cluster sampling. Data were collected from May to June 2019, in 18 primary schools and 18 middle schools from nine districts, Fuzhou. Children's parents and adolescents of sampled classes were invited to fill out a series of questionnaires about the performance of the last 6 months (sociodemographic characteristics, sleep-related lifestyle behaviors, and electronic-products usage). Multiple linear regression was carried out to analyze data.ResultsOf the total 40,888 questionnaires we released, 38,467 were valid and effective with the response rate was 94.08%. The age of the surveyed participants was 11.85 ± 3.1, including 20,013 boys and 18,454 girls. The multiple linear regression analysis identified factors associated with sleep health (p < 0.05): Boy (coef = 0.073, 95% CI: 0.030–0.115), age (coef = 1.797, 95% CI: 0.224–0.243), key school (coef = 2.069, 95% CI: 0.105–0.193), urban (coef = 0.096, 95% CI: 0.054–0.139), excessive daytime sleepiness (coef = 0.535, 95% CI: 0.432–0.639), unhealthy sleep habits (coef = 0.363, 95% CI: 0.307–0.419), eating before sleep (coef = 0.578, 95% CI: 0.527–0.630), using electronic products in bedroom (coef = 0.074, 95% CI: 0.028–0.121), screen time per day during school (coef = 0.260, 95% CI: 0.235–0.284), frequency of using electronics 30 min before bedtime (coef = 0.150, 95% CI: 0.134–0.166), strained relationship with parents (coef = 0.361, 95% CI: 0.270–0.452), strained relationship with peers (coef = 0.267, 95% CI: 0.171–0.363), excessive homework or learning (coef = 0.189, 95% CI: 0.141–0.237), time for doing homework (coef = 0.266, 95% CI: 0.245–0.287), and mood swings frequently (coef = 1.174, 95% CI: 1.127–1.221) negatively impact sleep health. Sleep alone (coef = −0.204, 95% CI: −0.262–0.147) were the risk factors for sleep health. Furthermore, frequent mood swings was considered the most influential factor on overall variables.ConclusionsSleep health is associated with factors covered sociodemographic characteristics, family sleep habits, and routine activities before bedtime. Multiple measures should be taken to improve sleep quality in a targeted manner.

Flood disasters caused by typhoon rainfall seriously threaten regional social and economic development. Accurately assessing the risk of typhoons and their secondary disasters is a great challenge in disaster prevention and reduction. To address this, the city of Fuzhou, Fujian Province, which was severely affected by Typhoon “Lupit” (2109), was selected as a case study. A typhoon rainfall flood disaster system including four components (the disaster-causing factor, disaster-pregnant environment, disaster-bearing body, and disaster prevention and reduction capacity) was constructed. A typhoon-rainfall process comprehensive intensity index (TPCI) based on different time scales within the typhoon process was developed to accurately evaluate the flood risk. The TPCI represented the disaster-causing factors of rainfall intensity, duration, and concentration features. Geographical similarity and random forest (RF) were applied to screen 23 typical indices for an urban flood disaster risk assessment model. The results indicated that the TPCI based on a 6 h precipitation simulation at a 24 h time scale was highly effective in highlighting the role of short-term precipitation in the typhoon process. A total of 66.5% of the floodplain area had a medium-grade or higher TPCI value, while 32.5% of the area had a low-grade TPCI. Only 1% of the flooded areas were not identified, which indicated that the TPCI could accurately capture the risk of typhoon rainfall. The urban flood disaster risk assessment model comprehensively considered socioeconomic and natural environment conditions. High-risk areas were identified as regions with extreme precipitation and dense populations. The dynamic evaluation results accurately described the spatiotemporal differences in the flood disaster risk. A period of extreme precipitation lagged the landfall time of Typhoon “Lupit”, causing the proportion of areas above the medium–high-risk threshold of flood disasters to rapidly increase from 8.29% before the landfall of the typhoon to 23.57% before its demise. The high-risk areas of flood disasters were mainly distributed in the towns of Shangjie, Nanyu, and Gaishan, which was consistent with the observed disasters. These study findings could contribute to the development of effective measures for disaster prevention and reduction, and improve the resilience of urban areas to typhoon disasters.