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During the first steps of sea urchin development, fertilization elicits a marked increase in protein synthesis essential for subsequent cell divisions. While the translation of mitotic cyclin mRNAs is crucial, we hypothesized that additional mRNAs must be translated to finely regulate the onset into mitosis. One of the maternal mRNAs recruited onto active polysomes at this stage codes for the initiation factor eIF4B. Here, we show that the sea urchin eIF4B orthologs present the four specific domains essential for eIF4B function and that Paracentrotus lividus eIF4B copurifies with eIF4E in a heterologous system. In addition, we investigated the role of eIF4B mRNA de novo translation during the two first embryonic divisions of two species, P. lividus and Sphaerechinus granularis. Our results show that injection of a morpholino directed against eIF4B mRNA results in a downregulation of translational activity and delays cell division in these two echinoids. Conversely, injection of an mRNA encoding for P. lividus eIF4B stimulates translation and significantly accelerates cleavage rates. Taken together, our findings suggest that eIF4B mRNA de novo translation participates in a conserved regulatory loop that contributes to orchestrating protein synthesis and modulates cell division rhythm during early sea urchin development.

The sea urchin embryo provides a valuable system to analyse the molecular mechanisms orchestrating cell cycle progression and mitosis in a developmental context. However, although it is known that the regulation of histone activity by post-translational modification plays an important role during cell division, the dynamics and the impact of these modifications have not been characterised in detail in a developing embryo. Using different immuno-detection techniques, we show that the levels of Histone 3 phosphorylation at Threonine 3 oscillate in synchrony with mitosis in Sphaerechinus granularis early embryos. We present, in addition, the results of a pharmacological study aimed at analysing the role of this key histone post-translational modification during sea urchin early development.

The disappearance of reformist culture with the rising of neoliberal politics that proclaim the “public” removal is based on the globalisation of financial economy. This economy’s practice and theoretical schemes leave no place for citizens’ culture and town. Recent budget cuts and privatizations constitute a threat for Keynesian “welfare state”, whose link to the Fordist production mode in extinction almost turns this state into an anachronism. The collective action prevails in order to promote a progressive direction towards a fair and emancipated society, an “urban” utopia, which is opposed to the capital changing scenarios and its challenges of accumulation. The financial dynamics, the reformism itself, and also the idea of civilization and its icons should be criticised.

The maintenance of paracellular barriers in invertebrate epithelia depends on the integrity of specific cell adhesion structures known as septate junctions (SJ). Multiple studies in Drosophila have revealed that these junctions have a stereotyped architecture resulting from the association in the lateral membrane of a large number of components. However, little is known about the dynamic organisation adopted by these multi-protein complexes in living tissues. We have used live imaging techniques to show that the Ly6 protein Boudin is a component of these adhesion junctions and can diffuse systemically to associate with the SJ of distant cells. We also observe that this protein and the claudin Kune-kune are endocytosed in epidermal cells during embryogenesis. Our data reveal that the SJ contain a set of components exhibiting a high membrane turnover, a feature that could contribute in a tissue-specific manner to the morphogenetic plasticity of these adhesion structures.

Los asentamientos informales en Lima surgen de la colocación de casas de estera en el desierto, en condiciones de precariedad y pobreza. Sin embargo, en estas siete décadas de existencia se han transformado en barrios relativamente integrados a la ciudad y con un considerable nivel de desarrollo. En esta investigación se describe cómo se ha generado un tejido urbano donde los procesos habituales de planificación, de la gran escala a la pequeña, de la ciudad a la casa (urbanización-parcelación-edificación) se ven invertidos encontrando, en esta inversión, el mecanismo clave de su desarrollo. La casa de estera, en origen el único material para asentarse en el territorio, se convierte, más allá de un techo para sus ocupantes, en una estrategia para crear ciudad. La vivienda es taller o tienda, aportando esos usos al tejido urbano; cambia de funciones según las necesidades de los habitantes; crece a medida que se densifica el barrio, muta su tipología (de unifamiliar a colectiva) o de carácter (de rural a urbana) cuando el asentamiento pasa de pueblo a barrio. La casa crece al tiempo que crece la ciudad que forma; ambos se transforman mutuamente y esta simbiosis confiere al tejido su dinamismo y capacidad para evolucionar.

Recent financial crisis has revealed the extraordinary discrepancies between the prosperity that our economy was enjoying until a few months ago and her real material ground. The realestate universe seems to be the clearest candidate to illustrate this discrepancy with a spectacular collapse, giving finally, though with notable and inexplicable delay, the reason to those that announced the "snap of the bubble" long time ago. A prick that, till now, has not reached the dimensions predicted. This paradoxical behavior and the contradictory evolution of prices for decades, regarding the market laws that govern them in theory, are at the beginning of this research that leads to the most complex development of a theoretical frame in which social and urban dimensions acquire a determinant role. This new frame articulates the evolution of urban morphology with the forms of housing and a new approach to the "political economy" of the social space. Urban deterioration and the phenomena observed of social exclusion and dispossession of the city integrate the pathology linked to the evolution of these models in “La Almendra Central” of Madrid, used as a laboratory.

Apenas se había aprobado el Plan General de Madrid de 1985 que proponía un “estado de la materia y de la forma urbanas” decididamente inspirado en el bienestar social y en el empleo moderado de los recursos, cuando el hoy casi olvidado decreto Boyer de 30 de abril del mismo año, pone la semilla de un nuevo orden, un nivel de energía tan exigente como quimérico, que negaba radicalmente la armonía social del lugar, la posibilidad misma de la vida cotidiana para entregarse al vértigo de la supervivencia en la alta competición de la economía mundo, según los postulados Thatcher-Reagan. El difícil equilibrio entre la vida de los ciudadanos y los mandatos de la gran economía, se decantarían enseguida hacia las medidas de liberalización del crédito que abrían de par en par las economías familiares al crédito hipotecario, y con él a una sorda lucha competitiva por la posición exclusiva: en sociedades donde sólo sobreviven los más aptos nadie está conforme con el lugar que la fortuna le ha deparado. Se inauguraba una nueva era, una especie de esquizofrenia social y urbana que iba a alterar profundamente las leyes que habían regido la formación de la ciudad durante la industrialización asociada al bienestar: una especie de nuevo estado de la materia de propiedades imprevisibles impulsado por una abrumadora liquidez de capital dispuesto a financiar la sustitución del agotado cuerpo industrial que se abandonaba, por la construcción de una escenografía, un teatro en el que el drama laboral de la industria fordista, se sustituía por la tragicomedia de escalar la cumbre social por los medios que fueran.

La Vega Baja de Toledo constituye un gran vacío urbano que, por avatares históricos, se ha mantenido al margen del crecimiento de la ciudad, rodeada por el casco histórico de Toledo, los barrios del ensanche norte y el río Tajo. Su localización privilegiada, junto a la riqueza patrimonial y ecológica del espacio, han sido las bases de la propuesta del Plan Director de la Vega Baja (PDVB). El objetivo del PDVB ha sido articular este vacío y abrirlo a la población, a la vez que proteger y regenerar sus valores ecológicos y culturales. Para ello ha sido necesario integrar distintos elementos: la fachada urbana de Toledo, el río Tajo con su vegetación de ribera y sus bienes patrimoniales que testimonian la sucesión de aprovechamientos históricos, y como cuerpo central del ámbito, el yacimiento arqueológico de lo que puede ser una gran ciudad visigoda. El planteamiento general del PDVB ha sido tratar el espacio como un continuo abierto, una sucesión de paisajes con su propio carácter, que alberguen distintos usos y funciones: Desde el jardín clásico que rodearía al circo romano, llegando hasta el río, con una vegetación, mobiliario y recorridos acordes con las ruinas existentes; pasando por el jardín patrimonial del yacimiento, para el que se proponen plantaciones e itinerarios efímeros que cambien a la par que avanzan las excavaciones; hasta el paisaje más puramente agrícola del vivero o paisaje de ribera, de gran valor ecológico en relación con la fauna aviar.

This essay, making use of comparative references to the Ville Radieuse and to the contemporary urban agglomerations, deffends the urbanity of the Garden-City and points out, as it happens in Howard's proposal in contrast to the other two cases, that the protagonist of the Urbanistic is the political man (zoon politikon), the citizen understood as a crossroad of the economical man and the social actor, in the spatial dimension which is carachteristic to him: The Garden-City, a Compatible State of Emergency. This interpretation leads the author to think about the relationships between Howard's work with some of the issues linked to the building of the modern masses society and which are projected from the very beginning of the social sciences, the nineteenth century social thoughts (utopic socialists, Bellamy, Marshall, Kropotkin, Morris) Finally, the author speaks about the distances between the theory of the GardenCity and its pretended subsequent materialization, specially in the construction of The Garden-Suburbs and the British development of The New Towns.

BackgroundGenetic analysis of the Drosophila septate junctions has greatly contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms controlling the assembly of these adhesion structures, which bear strong similarities with the vertebrate tight junctions and the paranodal septate junctions. These adhesion complexes share conserved molecular components and have a common function: the formation of paracellular barriers restraining the diffusion of solutes through epithelial and glial envelopes.Methodology/principal findingsIn this work we characterise the function of the Drosophila cold gene, that codes for a protein belonging to the Ly6 superfamily of extracellular ligands. Analysis of cold mutants shows that this gene is specifically required for the organisation of the septate junctions in epithelial tissues and in the nervous system, where its contribution is essential for the maintenance of the blood-brain barrier. We show that cold acts in a cell autonomous way, and we present evidence indicating that this protein could act as a septate junction component.Conclusion/significanceWe discuss the specific roles of cold and three other Drosophila members of the Ly6 superfamily that have been shown to participate in a non-redundant way in the process of septate junction assembly. We propose that vertebrate Ly6 proteins could fulfill analogous roles in tight junctions and/or paranodal septate junctions.

It is well established that developmental programs act during embryogenesis to determine animal morphogenesis. How these developmental cues produce specific cell shape during morphogenesis, however, has remained elusive. We addressed this question by studying the morphological differentiation of the Drosophila epidermis, governed by a well-known circuit of regulators leading to a stereotyped pattern of smooth cells and cells forming actin-rich extensions (trichomes). It was shown that the transcription factor Shavenbaby plays a pivotal role in the formation of trichomes and underlies all examined cases of the evolutionary diversification of their pattern. To gain insight into the mechanisms of morphological differentiation, we sought to identify shavenbaby's downstream targets. We show here that Shavenbaby controls epidermal cell shape, through the transcriptional activation of different classes of cellular effectors, directly contributing to the organization of actin filaments, regulation of the extracellular matrix, and modification of the cuticle. Individual inactivation of shavenbaby's targets produces distinct trichome defects and only their simultaneous inactivation prevent trichome formation. Our data show that shavenbaby governs an evolutionarily conserved developmental module consisting of a set of genes collectively responsible for trichome formation, shedding new light on molecular mechanisms acting during morphogenesis and the way they can influence evolution of animal forms.

El estudio que se presenta aquí, realizado como documento de apoyo para el planeamiento del núcleo de Torrejón, describe las condiciones en las que opera la máquina inmobiliaria en un municipio de la corona metropolitana de Madrid, y su relación con los procesos de diferenciación social en este universo local dominado por la vivienda en propiedad. El trabajo muestra cómo la actividad inmobiliaria transforma espacios maduros que nacieron con una gran homogeneidad social, creando nuevos espacios de "calidad" que se auto excluyen, mientras aumenta el parque de viviendas vacías y los viejos tejidos de los años 60 y 70 se degradan y amenazan con convertirse en lugares de marginación. La necesidad de corregir estos procesos abre un campo específico para la política urbanística local a través del planeamiento y la gestión. Abstract: This paper -presented as document to help in the Torrejón city centre planning process- describes the circumstances in which the property developer machine works in a township of the metropolitan area of Madrid, as well as its relation with the processes of social differentiation in this context ruled by the self owned housing. This study shows how property developer activity changes spaces created with social homogeneous into new "good quality spaces" intentionally self excluded, whilst the number of empty houses increases and old 60's and 70's districts decline threatening to become social exclusion areas. New "good quality spaces" intentionally self excluded appear into spaces which were in its origin socially homogeneous, meanwhile the amount of empty houses increases and the old districts of the 60's and 70's decline threatening become areas of social exclusion. The need of correcting these processes opens a specific opportunity for the local urban policy through planning and management.

Abstract For high rate water electrolysers, minimising Ohmic losses through efficient gas bubble evacuation away from the active electrode is as important as minimising activation losses by improving the electrode’s electrocatalytic properties. In this work, by a combined experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, we identify the topological parameters of flow-engineered 3-D electrodes that direct their performance towards enhanced bubble evacuation. In particular, we show that integrating Ni-based foam electrodes into a laterally-graded bi-layer zero-gap cell configuration allows for alkaline water electrolysis to become Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)-like, even when keeping a state-of-the-art Zirfon diaphragm. Detailed CFD simulations, explicitly taking into account the entire 3-D electrode and cell topology, show that under a forced uniform upstream electrolyte flow, such a graded structure induces a high lateral velocity component in the direction normal to and away from the diaphragm. This work is therefore an invitation to start considering PEM-like cell designs for alkaline water electrolysis as well, in particular the use of square or rectangular electrodes in flow-through type electrochemical cells.

Resumo: Neste artigo buscou-se discutir e analisar o ensino remoto de química de saneantes em tempos de Covid-19 e os discursos sobre os elementos da mídia, ciência e pandemia, com a implementação da educação para as relações étnico-raciais com estudantes da educação básica, no projeto de letramento racial, o projeto Afrocientista. Com aspectos de uma pesquisa afrocêntrica, a intervenção pedagógica desenvolvida ocorreu com estudantes da escola pública e de periferia da Grande Goiânia, no estado de Goiás. Os dados foram analisados a partir da hermenêutica da profundidade do dispositivo polirracional do conhecimento químico. Os resultados apontam que, mesmo frente às limitações do ensino remoto, foi possível discutir sobre o conceito de função alcóolica, ainda que com a dificuldade do movimento circular das dimensões do conhecimento químico, como também as interfaces dos meios de comunicação e do conhecimento científico diante da pandemia da Covid-19 e as vivências da população afro-brasileira.

To analyze the influence pattern of the defining variables that compose the Golden time developed by the Brazilian Mobile Emergency Care Service [Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência] (SAMU-192) in a municipality in Piauí. This is a documentary, descriptive study with a quantitative approach. A total of 337 medical records referring to the year 2018 were verified; data were collected at SAMU’s decentralized base. A sphericity test was performed to verify the possibility of generating a linear model through Mauchly’s test. Initially, an alpha below 0.46 was obtained, but the variables were negatively interfering in the model. After two more verifications, it was concluded that removing the variable did not influence the parsimony of the model. The generalized linear model showed statistical significance as to its fit (p-value

Natural cement, also known as “Roman cement”, was used across Europe during a historic period, mainly in many building facades, due to its hydraulic properties and aesthetic qualities. In Portugal, the use of natural cement occurred in buildings from the second half of the 19th century to the beginning of the 20th century, a period during which the use of lime binders decreased and before the massive use of Portland cement. Recent conservation and rehabilitation actions resulting from necessary interventions in heritage buildings from this period have played an important role in revealing evidence of the use of natural cement and clarifying the lacunae of information about this material. Due to the inadequate use of reparation materials in previous conservation and rehabilitation interventions, this study summarizes the historical production, study, and use of natural cement in Portugal. Natural cement results from the calcination of clay-rich limestone (marlstone) without any compositional changes after extraction, distinguishing itself from hydraulic lime due to its higher clay content and allowing for the formation of higher quantities of hydraulic reactive phases without free lime. Although this topic has been approached at a European level, mainly focusing on the production and use of natural cement in Central Europe, in Portugal, it is still necessary to produce and disseminate information on this specific subject. Therefore, this study focuses on the evolution of cement production in Portugal and an analysis of the existing knowledge of the binders used in architectural heritage based on the scientific and historical bibliography.

ABSTRACT – This article presents a case study on an award-winning journalistic running story, that of the toxic spill over the Río Sonora by the Mexican digital-born news organization Proyecto Puente. This running story received the National Journalism Award in the News Coverage category in 2014 and it distinguished itself due to its emotional character. Based on quantitative and qualitative content analysis, as well as semi-structured interviews, it examines how the strategic rituals of objectivity and emotionality interacted in this running story. The results allow us to advance Tuchman and Wahl-Jorgensen’s theorizations as they warn us about the centrality of “being there” and “being the voice of those who have no voice” in the coverage of environmental disasters from a citizen perspective. RESUMO – Este artigo apresenta um estudo de caso sobre uma cobertura jornalística premiada, a do vazamento tóxico no Rio Sonora pela organização jornalística digital mexicana Proyecto Puente. Essa cobertura recebeu o Prêmio Nacional de Jornalismo na categoria Cobertura de Notícias em 2014 e se distinguiu por seu caráter emocional. Com base na análise de conteúdo quantitativa e qualitativa, bem como em entrevistas semiestruturadas, examinamos como os rituais estratégicos de objetividade e emocionalidade interagiram nessa cobertura. Os resultados permitem avançar nas teorias de Tuchman e Wahl-Jorgensen, pois alertam sobre a centralidade de “estar lá” e “ser a voz de quem não tem voz” na cobertura dos desastres ambientais na perspectiva do cidadão. RESUMEN – Este artículo presenta un estudio de caso sobre una cobertura periodística galardonada, la del derrame de tóxicos sobre el Río Sonora por parte de la organización periodística mexicana nacida digital Proyecto Puente. Esta cobertura recibió el Premio Nacional de Periodismo en la categoría de Cobertura Noticiosa en 2014 y se distinguió por su carácter emocional. A partir de análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo, así como entrevistas semiestructuradas, se examina cómo interactuaron los rituales estratégicos de la objetividad y la emocionalidad en esta cobertura. Los resultados permiten avanzar las teorizaciones de Tuchman y Wahl-Jorgensen, pues advierten sobre la centralidad de “estar ahí” y “ser la voz de los que no tienen voz” en la cobertura de desastres ambientales desde una perspectiva ciudadana.

The discussions on human rights, gender and race are global and urgent. Using elements of participatory research, this study aimed to analyze, understand and characterize the formative process of postgraduate student’s knowledge and reflections mobilized on the gender and sexuality in the teaching of Science/Chemistry. The results show that the students started from a counter-hegemonic intentionality regarding the way in which the issue of hormones is traditionally treated in Science/Chemistry teaching. Furthermore, they recognized scientific knowledge as active in the production and reproduction of systems of oppression teacher on diversity education transgressive way of teaching the subject, beyond the binary conception of gender. The results revealed the possibility of rationalizing sexual and gender dissidences as a form of innovation, as well as the importance of formative processes to rethink dominant epistemologies for the advancement of educational and practices in and for education, to break with the cisheteromonormative perspective that erases the production and existence of people who flee from this logic in Science/Chemistry.

Abstract This work proposes a comprehensive methodology for evaluating fissured hard-rock groundwater resources through an integrative approach based on fieldwork techniques, Geographic Information System (GIS)-based mapping, geospatial analysis and multiple-criteria decision analysis (MCDA). The study sites comprise distinct geological settings and geographic contexts, i.e. granitic rocks (NW Portugal) and metasedimentary rocks (SW Spain). A similar methodological approach was used in both areas to compare and assess the methodological approaches’ effectiveness. The cartographic, field, and laboratory data were analysed through GIS overlay and multi-criteria spatial analysis. This GIS-integrated analysis allowed the calculation of the Infiltration Potential Index (IPI) and groundwater vulnerability indexes: GOD-S, DRASTIC-Fm, SI and DISCO, as well as the development and improvement of the hydrogeological conceptual models. At the Entre-os-Rios site (NW Portugal), the IPI index showed that the most favourable areas for infiltration are the fractured granitic regions, where the slope has the lowest values, combined with forest areas. The recharge values are around 70 to 90 mm/year. Considering hydraulic connection with the borehole data, the DISCO index identified the geostructures with the most important trending to NNE-SSW, NE-SW and WNW-ESE in the area. The highest IPI values were identified in the regional aquifer quartzite unit at Herrera del Duque (SW Spain). The recharge values are around 60 to 80 mm/year. The DISCO index identified zones where discontinuities have a higher hydraulic connection to the borehole, mainly trending NW-SE and NE-SW. The models developed could be helpful for decision-making and sustainable water resources management regarding the planning of hydrogeological investigations, delineating potential contamination areas, and the definition of catchment protection areas.

Camus mostrou as relações entre a arte e a vida; sua arte é um testemunho da liberdade, do absurdo e da revolta. Trata-se, para ele, de redescobrir o sentido da vida através da criação artística.

Apesar de avanços na gestão de riscos de desastres (GRD) nas últimas décadas, em abordagens científicas, políticas e práticas, persistem limitações e impasses relacionados à amplitude e recorrência de eventos extremos em um contexto de vulnerabilidades crescentes. Percebe-se um cenário caracterizado como de multirrisco: com riscos geológicos, hidrológicos, climáticos, sanitários, ambientais, econômicos e sociais. A urgência da implementação de estratégias de adaptação às mudanças climáticas e de enfrentamento aos multirriscos requer políticas e gestões articuladas para a construção de uma cultura de prevenção e segurança. Este desafio mobiliza o projeto "Aprimoramento da gestão local de riscos ambientais-urbanos para cenários multirrisco frente à emergência climática: instrumentos inovadores e participação social" (Projeto Multirrisco) para uma revisão de conceitos, metodologias e práticas considerando que o risco é socialmente construído, que os desastres não são naturais e reconhecendo as falhas na GRD e suas aplicações em políticas públicas. Diante disso, este artigo discute a problemática de cenários multirrisco frente às mudanças climáticas e apresenta a iniciativa do Projeto Multirrisco que segue em execução e de maneira participativa, a fim de refletir sobre desafios metodológicos e de articulação efetiva com outras esferas para co-criar conhecimento e informações que possibilitem tomadas de decisão efetivamente preventivas.

Neste artigo objetivou-se analisar e discutir os turnos de fala produzidos em uma intervenção pedagógica, no processo de formação antirracista de jovens periféricos, buscando refletir sobre a apropriação de elementos científicos e dos meios comunicacionais. Apresenta-se o estudo desde o planejamento, design e desenvolvimento de uma Intervenção Pedagógica (IP) para educação das relações étnico-raciais e a discussão conhecimento químicos, utilizando como estratégia a comunicação crítica e popular, pressuposto da Escola Popular de Comunicação Crítica. Com elementos de uma pesquisa participante, a IP contou com a participação de cinco jovens negros/as e de baixa renda da periferia da grande Goiânia, alunos de iniciação científica júnior no projeto Afrocientista. Os resultados revelaram que a citada estratégia pode ser promissora e que possibilita a percepção dos jovens participantes do racismo na mídia ainda que, contraditoriamente, os alunos têm dificuldades de superar o mito da democracia racial. A pesquisa ainda mostrou que é possível, através do paradigma da potência, favorecer o letramento racial concomitantemente ao ensino de ciências/química.

Coal mining often produces severe environmental effects, including impacts on the soil system and, specifically, on hydropedological conditions that control the leaching of significant ions and Potentially Toxic Elements (PTEs). The research objective is to assess changes in the hydropedological conditions in an area with a coal mining waste pile that underwent self-burning. An integrative approach was implemented, starting with the definition of hydropedological zoning based on field observations of soil formation factors (namely, parent material, relief, biological activity, anthropic influence, and time). The soil profile in each hydropedological zone was characterized regarding morphological features. The upper mineral horizons were sampled and characterized in terms of mineralogy and PTE geochemistry. Field measurements of unsaturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water content, and hydrophobicity were performed. Afterwards, the hydrogeochemistry of leachates was determined, and the soil leaching potential was evaluated. The research outcomes express substantial differences regarding the hydropedological zones: development of different soil profiles, diverse mineralogy and PTE geochemistry, higher unsaturated hydraulic conductivity and leaching of major ions, and PTEs in soils affected by coal mining activities. Finally, a Principal Component Analysis confirmed the existence of significant contrasts according to hydropedological zoning.

Objetivo: Refletir sobre a saúde do enfermeiro no contexto da pandemia da Covid-19 com base na Teoria das Relações Interpessoais de Peplau. Método: Trata-se de um estudo teórico-reflexivo, construído entre os meses de janeiro à maio de 2022. Resultados: Diante das mudanças advindas com a pandemia da Covid-19 os enfermeiros vivenciaram à exaustão da intensa carga horária de trabalho e da demanda de atendimento, o isolamento, o medo e o sentimento de incapacidade diante da morte e do sofrimento. O cuidado que é relacionado ao trabalho de enfermagem, nesse contexto, trouxe consequências negativas à saúde dessa categoria. Mediante ao adoecimento o enfermeiro dificilmente se vê como paciente, fazendo-se necessário se desvincular do papel de cuidador e assumir o de ser cuidado, para ao fim do processo terapêutico retornar a função inicial. Considerações finais: A Teoria das Relações Interpessoais de Peplau é o subsídio necessário para fomentar uma assistência individualizada e de qualidade, pautada no cuidado integral e holístico dos sujeitos envolvidos no processo de cuidar.

Abstract Liquid‐solid and liquid‐liquid phase separation (PS) drives the formation of functional and disease‐associated biological assemblies. Principles of phase equilibrium are here employed to derive a general kinetic solution that predicts the evolution of the mass and size of biological assemblies. Thermodynamically, protein PS is determined by two measurable concentration limits: the saturation concentration and the critical solubility. Due to surface tension effects, the critical solubility can be higher than the saturation concentration for small, curved nuclei. Kinetically, PS is characterized by the primary nucleation rate constant and a combined rate constant accounting for growth and secondary nucleation. It is demonstrated that the formation of a limited number of large condensates is possible without active mechanisms of size control and in the absence of coalescence phenomena. The exact analytical solution can be used to interrogate how the elementary steps of PS are affected by candidate drugs.

Abstract This research analyzed the temporal trend of stroke mortality in children aged 0–14 years, from 1990 to 2019, in Brazil and its federative units. This ecological study used data from the Global Burden of Disease, a study led by the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. Stroke definition considered the International Classification of Diseases according to codes G45, G46, and I60–I69. Age-standardized mortality rates and the mean annual percentage change (APC) in mortality rates were estimated. Stroke mortality trends decreased, with an APC of − 3.9% (95% CI − 4.5; − 3.3; p

Abstract X‐ray diffraction mineralogical analysis of geological sequences is a well‐established procedure in both academia and industry, rendering a large volume of data in short‐analytical time. Yet, standard data treatment and resulting interpretations present limitations related to the inherent complexities of natural geological materials (e.g. compositional variety, structural ordering), and are often time consuming and focussed on a very detailed inspection. Several alternatives were evaluated in terms of advantages and disadvantages to the main goal of generating a user‐friendly, fast and intuitive way of processing a large volume of X‐ray diffraction data. The potential of using raw X‐ray diffraction data to interpret mineralogical diversity and relative phase abundances along sedimentary successions is explored here. A Python based program was tailored to assist in raw data organisation. After this automated step, a 3D surface computation renders the final result within minutes. This single‐image representation can also be integrated with complementary information (sedimentary logs or other features of interest) for contrast and/or comparison in multi‐proxy studies. The proposed approach was tested on a set of 81 bulk and clay‐fraction diffractograms (intensity in counts per second—cps and respective angle—º2Ɵ) obtained from a Cenomanian mixed carbonate–siliciclastic stratigraphic succession, here explored by combining mineralogical (XY) and stratigraphic/geological information (Z). The main goal is to bypass preliminary data treatment, avoid time‐consuming interpretation and unintended, but common, user‐induced bias. Advantages of 3D modelling include fast processing and single‐image solutions for large volumes of XRD data, combining mineralogical and stratigraphic information. This representation adds value by incorporating field (stratigraphic/sedimentological) information that complements and contextualises obtained mineralogical data. Limitations of using raw intensity data were evaluated by comparison with the results obtained via other standard data interpretation methods (e.g. semi‐quantitative estimation). A visual and statistical contrast comparison confirmed a good equilibrium between computation speed and precision/utility of the final output.

Resumo Objetivou-se apontar as potencialidades do Fundo Virgínia Portocarrero, da Casa de Oswaldo Cruz/Fiocruz. O acervo foi doado em vida por sua titular, enfermeira brasileira veterana da Segunda Guerra Mundial. Dessa documentação constam registros de sua formação profissional e acadêmica, e é percebida sua determinação em preservar as reminiscências do front de batalha e do período pós-guerra, numa luta simbólica pelo registro de uma história essencialmente feminina em um cenário emblematicamente masculino. Integra o acervo ampla variedade de tipologias de fontes históricas, com destaque para um diário de sua participação no conflito, demonstrando aspectos cotidianos e peculiares de sua atuação profissional na saúde naquele momento dramático da história da humanidade.

The paleoenvironmental reconstruction of Aveiro Lagoon is being carried out based on the sedimentological, paleoecological, geochemical and mineralogical characterization of sediment samples collected systematically in the lagoon. This paper presents results concerning the changes in the chemical and mineralogical composition of the fine fraction (

Background: Phenolic compounds are one of the main groups of secondary metabolites responsible for multiple biological and pharmacological properties that play a vital role in improving human health quality. Encapsulation by spray dryer creates protection toward the phenolic compounds as an efficient way for increasing product performance. Method: The phenolic compounds of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad (SKH) and S. rechingeri Jamzad (SRH) were enriched based on adsorbent resin column chromatography and the enrichment index was confirmed by HPLC-UV analysis. Gum Arabic, carboxylated chitosan, and pectin with the optimum percentage of 1% w/w used to encapsulate SKH and SRH by the spray drying technique. Result: Encapsulation yield was 38.18 – 59.00 %, particle size ranged 2.278 - 4.689 µm, and release time was between 4.08 - 82.08 min. The gum Arabic-based capsules showed the fastest and pectin-based revealed the slowest release time. The best statistical model explained a release mechanism was Korsmeyer model. Anomalous transport was observed from all formulas except SKH-gum Arabic (case-I transport), SKH-pectin, and SRH-carboxylated-chitosan (super case-II transport). The cytotoxic activity of encapsulate SKH’s revealed reducing the viability of AGS evaluated by the MTT compared with SRH’s. Conclusion: Encapsulation by spray drying has proven to be a promising technique to improve the bioavailability, release time, and mechanism of functional polyphenolic compounds as medicines, food supplements, and food additives.

Nocardiosis is an infection caused by ubiquitous opportunistic bacteria and is rare in felines. In retrospective studies of the infection in the species, pyothorax was found in only about 5% of the cases described, with the most frequent forms being cutaneous and subcutaneous. This report describes Nocardia spp. as an etiologic agent of pyothorax in a feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-positive female cat. A 10-year-old female mixed-breed cat, positive for FeLV, with chronic kidney disease IRIS stage 2, was examined with a severe dyspneic onset, suspected of pleural effusion. It also had skin lesions in the interscapular region. The patient underwent thoracentesis, and a dense, creamy, fetid, and flocculated liquid was collected. Radiography was performed after draining the pleural fluid, which showed images suggestive of atelectasis of the left lung lobes and pneumonia. The collected material was sent for analysis, which found that it was a septic exudate. In addition, it was referred for bacterial culture in a special medium due to suspicion of nocardiosis. Long-term treatment with amoxicillin + clavulanic acid resolved the clinical case.

The production of winter cereals is becoming increasingly important in Brazil, largely due to advanced techniques that enable considerable qualitative and quantitative gains. This is due to plant breeding under different soil and climate conditions combined with proper management. The present study aims to assess the agronomic feasibility of growing wheat and triticale cultivars with two sowing times in the semiarid region of northern Minas Gerais State, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2018 at the Instituto de Ciências Agrárias (Institute of Agricultural Sciences) of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Montes Claros campus. A randomized block design was used, with four replications and an 8 × 2 factorial arrangement consisting of eight genotypes (six wheat and two triticale cultivars) and two sowing times (April 21 and May 12, 2018). The irrigated production of wheat and triticale was agronomically feasible in the semi-arid region of Minas Gerais state and sowing time affected the main agronomic traits of interest of winter cereals. However, it is essential to study the economic feasibility of the crop. Sowing in April was the most indicated for wheat and triticale, with IPR Potyporã, IPR 144 and IPR 111 as the recommended cultivars.

Understanding local accumulation patterns of microplastics in subtidal sediments is crucial to assess how available such particles are for ingestion by benthic feeders and to identify the potential pollution sources in the region upon which is urgent to act. The coastal urban centers of Setúbal and Sesimbra (Portugal) and the multiple activities taking place at the contiguous Sado estuary and in the sheltered waters of Professor Luiz Saldanha Marine Park make this a relevant case study about MPs pollution in the seabed. Here, a short-term investigation assessed the spatiotemporal distribution, abundance, and composition of MPs on the nearshore seabed. Sediment samples were monthly collected from summer 2018 to winter 2019, in six stations. Despite the differences observed in rainfall between campaigns, no distinct patterns were detected in the accumulation of MPs throughout the sampled months. Yet, strong variations occurred among stations. The abundance of MPs in the Sado estuary (1042.8 ± 430.8 items kg−1) was higher in comparison to all the stations located along the marine park (52.9 ± 31.9 items kg−1). Fragments comprised 70% of particles found in estuarine sediments, while fibers were the predominant type in marine sediments. The majority of MPs collected in the estuary shared the same size class as the best represented grain size fraction: 0.250–0.500 mm. On average, the ratio between the abundance of MPs and the abundance of meiofauna organisms was higher in the estuary, suggesting more encounter rates, by both meiofauna and their predators, with MPs. The distribution of MPs throughout the study area was moderately correlated with sediment sorting and organic matter content. Also, the distinct mineralogical content of each station indicates a reduced sediment transit between stations and consequently a weak exportation of MPs from the estuary. The majority of the polymers identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy was denser than seawater. Polyethylene terephthalate represented 41% of the items analyzed and was mostly assigned to fibers and fiber bundles. Unveiling the distribution patterns of MPs along this segment of the Portuguese west coast enabled to identify a high-risk area where the implementation of preventive measures is urgent.

Energy auctions are commonly used to contract energy projects and are extensively studied from the regulator’s perspective. However, analyzing auctions from the stakeholders’ perspective is critical to determine the impact of regulatory details on the bidder’s revenues. In this study, we analyze a public energy auction in Roraima, a Brazilian state with a significant energy deficit and no grid connection, where many projects were successful in the non-intermittent Power Product category, typically unfavorable for biomass. Using Linear Programming to maximize bidders’ revenues, we examine the regulatory formulas that contributed to the success of these projects and compare the optimization results to actual revenues. Our analysis shows that certain regulatory elements can benefit stakeholders by allowing them to make unconventional project design decisions. In addition, we identify a possible loophole in the formula that can have the opposite effect of the regulator’s intent in the renewable Power Product category. Our findings can help bidders increase profits through optimization and regulators to change formulas if objectives are not met. This study brings the often-overlooked perspective of stakeholders to energy auctions, adding to the literature on this topic.

Purpose Exercise performed improperly, in disagreement with age and development, may trigger negative bioactive effects. Adolescent taekwondo athletes, being able to practise on tatami or without tatami and barefoot, may be submitted to musculoskeletal structure disorders. The purpose of this study was to describe the frequency and amplitude of the reactive forces during taekwondo practice with and without tatami. Methods Overall, 27 adolescent taekwondo athletes aged 10–15 years were submitted to a standard 90-minute training session with and without tatami. During each session, the frequency of ground contacts and the vertical ground reaction forces were measured. Femur and wrist bone age and the respective stages of the epiphyseal plate were computed from radiograph images. A total of 6346.6 ± 425.5 ground contacts (an average of 106 contacts per minute) were registered during the training session. The Wilcoxon test was applied to analyse the relationship between taekwondo and epiphyseal plate stage ( p ≤ 0.005). Results Student’s t-test revealed a significant difference between ground reaction forces with and without tatami; tasks performed without tatami featured smaller magnitudes for comparisons of absolute and normalized values ( t = –3.359; p < 0.002 and t = –3.652; p < 0.001, respectively). The time of practice showed no early closure of the femur epiphyseal plates caused by the practice of taekwondo. Conclusions Practising taekwondo seems to have a bio-positive effect on the maturation of adolescent athletes, regardless of the use of tatami.

This study was undertaken to valorize naturally occurring silica sand in the synthesis of new consolidated concrete materials. The mixtures of silica sand, calcium sulphate, commercial metakaolin, demolition materials were designed to propose sulphate and sodium silicate/NaOH activate concretes and geopolymers, respectively. Three raw silica sand samples were collected from various locations in Tunisia. The obtained new materials were characterized by SEM and mechanical properties were investigated.The calcium sulphate-based concretes displayed good technological properties with a compressive strength close to 15 MPa and 40–56% of water adsorption. When, metakaolin and demolition reject were added the mechanical resistance decreased due to the lower pozzolanic properties of these materials.Concerning the geopolymer-based sand concrete, lower compressive strength values were registered. Moreover, by incorporating demolition materials, the mechanical resistance decreased in all consolidated products. The effect of the metakaolin reactivity is more significant when it is activated with a alkaline solution. However, the sodium silicate/NaOH activation of metakaolin governs the reaction when it is highly reactive.Finally raw silica sand from Tunisia provided good consolidated concrete materials in the presence of calcium sulphate. As well, the silica sand provided good geopolymers in the presence of metakaolin and alkaline solution. Resumen: Este estudio se realizó para valorizar la arena de sílice natural en la síntesis de nuevos materiales de hormigón consolidado. Las mezclas de arena de sílice, sulfato de calcio y metacaolín comercial, materiales de demolición se diseñaron para proponer sulfatos y silicatos de sodio/NaOH activan concretos y geopolímeros, respectivamente. Se recogieron tres muestras de arena de sílice en bruto de varios lugares en Túnez. Los nuevos materiales obtenidos se caracterizaron por SEM y se investigaron las propiedades mecánicas.Los hormigones a base de sulfato de calcio mostraron buenas propiedades tecnológicas, con una resistencia a la compresión cercana a 15 MPa y con el 40-56% de adsorción de agua. Cuando se agregaron metacaolín y rechazo de demolición, la resistencia mecánica disminuyó debido a las propiedades puzolánicas más bajas de estos materiales.Con respecto al hormigón de arena a base de geopolímero, se registraron valores de resistencia a la compresión más bajos. Además, al incorporar materiales de demolición, la resistencia mecánica disminuyó en todos los productos consolidados. El efecto de la reactividad del metacaolín es más significativo cuando se activa con una solución alcalina. Sin embargo, la activación de silicato de sodio/NaOH del metacaolín gobierna la reacción cuando es altamente reactivo.Finalmente, la arena de sílice cruda de Túnez proporcionó buenos materiales de hormigón consolidado en presencia de sulfato de calcio. Además, la arena de sílice proporcionó buenos geopolímeros en presencia de metacaolín y solución alcalina.