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A new driving waveform for an ac color plasma-display panel (PDP) with a coplanar gap of 200 m and an auxiliary electrode is presented. Results suggest that the stability of the proposed waveform is ensured by the infrared (IR) emissions of the reset and address discharges.

Insulation recovery characteristics after current interruption for a vacuum interrupter were investigated. We used spiral and axial magnetic field electrodes for comparison of the electrode structure, while CuBi and CuCr were also used for comparison of the contact material. This paper describes how the axial magnetic field electrode and CuCr (50%) performed best in our experimental data. In addition, we discussed reasons for the variation in characteristics between electrodes. Index Terms--Vacuum insulation recovery, copper chromium, copper bismuth, vacuum interrupters, electric breakdown.

Abstract -- A solid-state ion-selective electrode for determining chlordiazepoxide is described. A characteristic feature of the electrode is the presence of an intermediate conducting polymeric layer (transducer) of poly(o-aminophenol) between [...]

The article presents a complete analysis of the various nanostructured work function electrodes that are formed from a metal layer and a base substrate. The application of these electrodes for different thermionic and thermotunnel devices is also discussed.

The various effects of the pore size and wall thickness on the rate of intercalcation of the various mesoporous electrodes used in lithium batteries are explained. The two-phase intercalcation mechanism is shown to be more affected by the size, as compared to the single-phase mechanism.

Time- and space-resolved light scattering experiments are performed in an industrial-type large area reactor with a variable interelectrode distance. The studies have shown that the onset of powder formation has depended on the product of the interelectrode distance and the gas residence time in the discharge.

The article presents a new hybrid method, which is used for explaining the trajectory of the microparticles present under a dielectrophoresis force field. The method is shown to be extremely useful for changing the electrode potential along the trajectory of the particles.

A microelectrochemical array composed of 1000 individual bipolar electrodes that are controlled with just two driving electrodes and a simple power supply is described. The electrode array is fabricated on a glass microscope slide, thus eliminating the need for microfluidic channels and has provided a fabrication route to arbitrarily large electrode arrays.

The I-3 diocotron mode in electron plasma confined in a Malmberg-Penning trap is resonantly excited by using a rotating electric field applied on an azimuthally four-sectored electrode. The experimental method is able to selectively excite different diocotron perturbations and is used for electron or positron plasma control and manipulation.

A high-resolution, diagonally dominant numerical procedure was employed to analyze a drift-diffusion model for simulating direct current discharge including the externally applied magnetic field. The findings provide insight into three different configurations of direct current discharge, namely, the electrodynamic structures of the classic parallel electrodes of infinite and finite dimension, as well as the side-by-side electrode configurations.

A point-plane electrode system in atmospheric air is described for examining the mechanism of the corona discharge. The time series of the corona current pulses have demonstrated the chaotic characteristics of the corona current based on the nonlinear dynamic circuit theory and the experimental basis.

An optimal way is proposed for arranging the electrodes through the porous medium in order to reach a targeted zone in the material and distribute as uniformly as possible the ionic species over the targeted territory. The new concept of ionic lines is used as a means of visualizing and designing ionic transport.

A classical trajectory Monte Carlo study is used on charged particle transport through an electrode configuration consisting of identically shaped cylindrical electrodes. The results are used for developing a fit expression for the average radial excursion distance of a particle starting at the axis of symmetry and also for predicting the trajectories intersecting the boundary at the electrode inner surface.

The switching and negative differential resistance (NDR) behaviors of crossed bar electrode structures based on Al/organic layer/Al devices is reported. The device with the organic spin-coated layer of 7-{4-[5-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]phenyl}-9,9-dihexyl-N,N-diphenyl-fluoren-2-amine could be used as two-terminal memory cells operating with unipolar voltage pulses.

An on-chip microdirect methanol fuel cell ([micro]-DMFC) of an air-breathing, membraneless and monolithic design is described. The results have shown that although the net performance is higher than that of other on-chip fuel cells, the loading of catalysts and the microstructures of electrodes have resulted in improvements in the performance.

A novel ringlike design for spin field effect transistor electrodes is presented which eliminates the shortcomings of the local Hall effect as the electrodes do not generate any stray magnetic fields and the shape and size of the electrodes are adjusted to suit the physical constraints. The gate configuration and channel length for the growth direction are described and the GaInAs channel length for the spins to fully switch is commutated to be of the order of 0.15 [mu]m for a gate electric field of 150-300 kV/cm.

The effects of the known local Joule heating process on the reduction of the contact resistance between carbon nanotubes and metallic electrical contacts are studied. The results have shown that the Joule heating process has reduced the contact resistances, while also simultaneously measured the resistance and monitored the change in the transport potential barrier at the interface region.

Nanowindow size dependence of single-wall nanocarbons on specific capacitance and application possibility of the single-wall carbon nanohorns (SWNHs) to electrodes for supercapacitors is studied. The results reveal that the nanowindow size of SWNHs is an important parameter for improving the performance of supercapacitors.

The structural and electrochemical properties of RuPt thin-films electrodes fabricated by radio frequency (rf) magnetron sputtering is investigated. Characterization of the film is carried out using grazing incidence X-ray diffraction and electrochemical measurements.

Electron transport properties of unsubstituted oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) and nitro-substituted OPE covalently bound to two gold electrodes are studied. The results show that the conductance decreases linearly with the electron-withdrawing capability of the corresponding reduced species.

A novel strategy for the reconstruction of a membrane protein monolayer in a lipid layer on a solid support is pursued. Quantum mechanical calculations are used to assign the experimentally observed vibrational frequencies of the various steps to normal modes.

Fe K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) are used to study the stability and the changes in the local atomic and the electronic structure upon repeated electrochemical cycling(repeated charging and discharging). As the structure of the LiFePO4 cycled electrodes does not change even after repeated cycling it can thus be used for long life Li-ion battery applications.

Carbon nanofibers, as individual elements or in large arrays, provide the opportunity to produce carbon-based electrode systems over a wide range of size scales from nanoelectrodes to large, wafer-scale areas. The effects of a variety of microfabrication processes that are typically employed during nanofiber-based device are examined.