On-chip fuel cell: micro direct methanol fuel cell of an air-breathing, membraneless, and monolithic design

An on-chip microdirect methanol fuel cell ([micro]-DMFC) of an air-breathing, membraneless and monolithic design is described. The results have shown that although the net performance is higher than that of other on-chip fuel cells, the loading of catalysts and the microstructures of electrodes have resulted in improvements in the performance.