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El capítulo 10 está sujeto a confidencialidad por el autor. 134 p., La mitigación del cambio climático requiere de un cambio en los patrones de consumo actuales. Este cambio de comportamiento puede lograrse, en teoría, mediante estrategias estructurales (incentivos) e informativas (comunicación) que fomenten el consumo sostenible. La presente tesis doctoral gira en torno a las razones por las que los consumidores siguen practicando un consumo insostenible a pesar de la aplicación de medidas de cambio de comportamiento. En su conjunto, la información procedente de la comunicación medioambiental y el incentivo de los impuestos sobre el carbono deberían poder influir en las decisiones de los consumidores. Sin embargo, los resultados empíricos y argumentos teóricos expuestos en la presente tesis revelan una realidad más compleja: ciertas estrategias de comunicación y formas de presentar el impuesto sobre el carbono tienden a generar un efecto de licencia moral que justifica el comportamiento insostenible porque hacen pensar a los consumidores que sus actos (ya sea el recordarles sus buenas acciones pasadas o el estar pagando un impuesto por contaminar) compensan la decisión de consumo que están a punto de tomar. Además, al efecto de licencia moral se suman la publicidad verde engañosa (greenwashing) y la creciente politización de la crisis climática. Los estudios que componen la presente tesis abogan por una influencia normativa explicita en la comunicación de medidas de mitigación, así como evitar mencionar explícitamente los impuestos al carbono y aplicarlos de forma velada en los precios para así evitar el efecto de licencia moral y el razonamiento políticamente motivado a la hora de fomentar el consumo sostenible. Esta tesis se presenta en formato compendio de publicaciones, compuesta por cinco artículos científicos y dos capítulos de libro.

Large amounts of meat by- and co-products are generated during slaughtering and meat processing, and require rational management of these products for an ecological disposal. Efficient solutions are very important for sustainability and innovative developments create high added-value from meat by-products with the least environmental impact, handling and disposal costs, in its transition to bioeconomy. Some proteins have relevant technological uses for gelation, foaming and emulsification while protein hydrolyzates may contribute to a better digestibility and palatability. Protein hydrolysis generate added-value products such as bioactive peptides with relevant physiological effects of interest for applications in the food, pet food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industry. Inedible fats are increasingly used as raw material for the generation of biodiesel. Other applications are focused on the development of new biodegradable plastics that can constitute an alternative to petroleum-based plastics. This manuscript presents the latest developments for adding value to meat by- and co-products and discusses opportunities for making meat production and processing more sustainable.

Collaborative public innovation literature suggests that collaboration with multiple partners may provide the necessary learning to respond to the complex problems facing city governments. However, scarce research has been developed to (1) scrutinize the nature of the new knowledge needed by city governments, and (2) understand how the different types of partners contribute to government’s learning. This study shows that a government’s election of different types of partners influences the scope of the knowledge developed (knowledge breadth), the level of refinement of that knowledge (knowledge depth), and the extent to which knowledge is difficult to document in writing (knowledge tacitness).

Vulnerability in urban areas has been on the rise following the global political and economic restructuring processes that have taken place since the 1980s. This increase in vulnerability has sparked a growing awareness of the need to understand the impact of these processes on the most vulnerable neighborhoods and areas of cities so as to develop effective policy responses. Although this vulnerability has become more evident in larger cities, this casuistry can also be seen in medium-sized cities. This paper examines the level of vulnerability of different neighborhoods in the medium-sized European city of Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country, Spain), using a methodological approach which combines the analytic hierarchy process and geographic information systems, based on a number of indicators for different economic, demographic and migratory status-related dimensions. The results reveal a synthetic map of the vulnerability of neighborhoods in Vitoria-Gasteiz that shows an uneven impact of structural processes and policy initiatives implemented over decades. The paper concludes that synthetic maps of vulnerability make it possible to show the different realities in the urban framework and can contribute to defining public interventions tailored to these specific problems.

From a provider perspective, co-creation has contributed to design more personalized, authentic and memorable destinations and experiences. However, the COVID-19 outbreak may have changed consumers' interest in high-contact and interactive activities, related to long-demonized behaviors (touching and close interplay). In a wine tourism context and based on a cost-benefit approach, the here proposed model explains consumers’ intentions to participate in high co-creation tourism activities (HCCTA) during and after the pandemic, contrasting perceived risks (costs) with expected enjoyment (benefit). Activity setting (indoor or outdoor) and two individual characteristics (age and fear of COVID-19) are analyzed as antecedents of physical risk perception. The “antecedents – costs-benefit – intentions” model was tested using PLS-SEM, with data extracted from scenario-based surveys (1299 responses) applied during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results show that perceived risks and expected enjoyment affect intentions to participate in HCCTA, while participation avoidance may be coming to an end with the alleviation of the pandemic. However, additional personal and external conditions may reinforce perceived risks. The study provides new insights regarding these dynamics for HCCTA, relevant to both theory and practice, particularly in times of health risk related to person-to-person interaction.

The goal of this study is to elicit the preferences of winemakers in the Spanish Rioja wine appellation regarding climate change adaptation strategies. This is achieved through the use of a discrete choice experiment which includes different potential adaptation strategies such as the use of various grape clones, the installation of an irrigation system, the construction of vegetative or artificial structures to shade the vines, and oenological adaptations. The results show that the most widely accepted strategy is the installation of irrigation and shading structures. In contrast, the least accepted strategy is relocating, which is a costly and long-term solution. The monetary measures obtained are useful for policymakers because they show how much financial assistance will be required to adapt to climate change and maintain the high-quality wine production of the region. A simulation study supports the findings, demonstrating that the small sample size data set applied in this case study is sufficient for drawing conclusions about the adaptation strategies considered.

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Curso 2021-2022, Profesores: MARÍA CAMPOS FERNÁNDEZ

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Curso 2021-2022, Asignatura en proceso de revisión

Sustainability is a crucial aspect of tourism growth and development. This paper suggests the adaptation of a methodology originally designed for analysing explosive behaviour in financial market time series to assess the explosive behaviour of demand pressure in tourist destinations. The proposed methodology could function as an early warning system for potential issues such as over-tourism by identifying further unsustainable growth in destinations. The methodology is exemplified by examining the long-term evolution of tourism pressure in both Spain as a whole, and in Barcelona, which is a destination frequently scrutinised in the literature and media due to perceived over-tourism. The findings suggest explosive behaviour in tourism pressure, especially in the case of Barcelona, from which valuable lessons can be learned and meaningful conclusions drawn.

Este trabajo tiene un doble objetivo, el primero exponer el planteamiento realizado del modelo Flipped Calssroom en dos asignaturas de finanzas en los estudios de tipo económico, empresarial y financiero de la Universidad de Sevilla durante el curso 2022/23. El segundo es analizar la percepción del alumnado que ha participado en la experiencia a través de una serie de cuestiones sobre la carga de trabajo, el tiempo de estudio y el nivel de satisfacción con el desarrollo del modelo dentro y fuera del aula.

Los orígenes de los estudios empresariales mayoritariamente se han recogido en literatura no académica como los aniversarios de las Escuelas de Comercio, de las Escuelas Universitarias o de las Facultades. Sin embargo, no conocemos que haya un estudio sistemático acerca de esa transición en general, ni tampoco en Contabilidad en particular. Por ello, el motivo de este estudio es contrastar empíricamente la afirmación de que los primeros profesores de las Facultades de estudios empresariales provenían de las Escuelas de Comercio y analizar los orígenes de los estudios empresariales con objeto de reconocer el papel de los académicos pioneros y describir dicha transición en el área de la Contabilidad en España. Para ello se han llevado a cabo entrevistas semiestructuradas con diversos participantes referentes de las primeras Facultades de estudios sobre el ámbito empresarial creadas en España., The origins of business studies have mostly been recorded in non-academic literature such as the anniversaries of School of Commerce, University Schools or Faculties. However, we are not aware of any systematic study of this transition in general, nor in Accounting in particular. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to empirically contrast this statement and to analyse the origins of business studies in order to recognise the role of the pioneering academics and to describe this transition in the area of Accounting in Spain. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were carried out with various participants from the first Faculties of Economics and Business Studies (FCEyE) created in Spain.

This paper analyzes the impact of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology, a teaching method that involves working with real-world problems and developing skills for their resolution, on university students’ Intrapreneurial Intentions (IIN). A sample of 267 students participated in the study, and their responses were collected at two different times. The data were analyzed using statistical regression analysis and the fs-QCA technique. The results revealed that the PBL methodology significantly improved the behavior of variables associated with potentially intra preneurial behaviors. Specifically, three components, namely Subjective Norms, Perceived Behavioral Control, and Risk-Taking Capacity, positively influenced undergraduate students’ IIN. These findings suggest that the PBL methodology can be a valuable tool for universities in developing initiatives to improve graduate employability.

Electrification is a key pillar in energy transformation to reduce emissions. However, it may also have consequences on production. This study analyzes the effect of using electricity and non-electricity energy sources on production growth. An extended neoclassical production function, with the two uses of energy (electricity and non-electricity), is estimated for 17 Latin American countries from 1990 to 2019 and, for subsamples, based on the level of production per persons employed. The study is performed applying the cross-sectionally augmented, autoregressive distributed lag modeling approach and a non-parametric time-varying coefficients model. The parametric results indicate that the effect of both sources of energy on production are positive and significant. However, the production elasticity with respect to non-electricity consumption is higher than that with respect to electricity consumption. Only in countries with the lowest production levels could electrification be neutral. The non-parametric results show that the effect of non-electricity consumption is decreasing slightly over the period, while the effect of electricity use is increasing slightly, with a tendency towards stabilization at the end of the period. Nevertheless, these changes have been small.

In this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out on the strand of the literature related to the effects of bubbles on production, which includes the scarce empirical literature. The content is structured according to the bubble phase, since a major part of the literature considers that during the boom, there can be a crowding-in effect that can even offset the crowdingout effect derived from the bursting of the bubble. This possibility is due to the influence of two opposing mechanisms: a substitution effect derived from the possible diversion of resources previously allocated to productive investments, and an income effect derived from the fact that investors have more resources obtained from the sale of the bubble assets and from the role of these assets as collateral in loan operations. Studies also show the negative effect derived from the involvement of banks in bubbles. In this paper, both the results of the research and the main methodological framework are reviewed, thereby identifying as a gap in the literature to be considered for future research: the scarcity of empirical research, of studies that include demand factors, of papers that address bubbles in nonfinancial and nonhousing markets, and in undeveloped and emerging countries

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar la influencia de la fuerza laboral femenina en el desempeño de las instituciones microfinancieras (IMF) de América Latina y el Caribe (ALCA). Partiendo de datos obtenidos en el MIX Market, se analizó la influencia de la mujer en puestos como oficiales de crédito, gerentes y consejeras, de 171 IMF en 18 países de la región durante el periodo 2010-2018, en la eficiencia, productividad, rendimiento financiero y alcance. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que las oficiales de crédito y las gerentes influyen de forma positiva en el desempeño en tanto que las consejeras lo hacen de forma negativa. No obstante, cuando se analiza la influencia de las consejeras en aquellos consejos donde tienen una participación mayoritaria, se observa un mejor desempeño. Se recomienda incrementar la participación femenina en la fuerza laboral de las IMF, especialmente en niveles gerenciales., The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the female labor force on the performance of microfinance institutions of Latin America and the Caribbean. Based on data obtained in the MIX Market, the influence of women in positions such as loan officers, managers and board members were analyzed in171 IMFS from 18 countries in the region between 2010–2018, measuring efficiency, productivity, financial performance and outreach. Results show that female loan officers and female managers positively influence performance, while female board members do so negatively. However, when analyzing the influence of the female boards on those boards where they have a majority participation, better performance is observed. It is recommended to increase the female participation in the IMFs workforce, especially at higher levels