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The rapid growth of the packaging industry has resulted in a substantial increase in waste and pollution. Regulations, goals and social responsibilities have reoriented businesses' priorities towards sustainable practices. The life cycle assessment (LCA) carried out in this study measured and compared significant efforts affecting the sustainability of plastic cosmetic packaging. Evaluations were conducted on the life cycle environmental effects of dematerialisation, recycled content, renewable energy share powering the manufacturing processes, energy-saving efforts, and end-of-life (EoL) recycling rates across various scenarios. Consideration was also given to different types of fossil and bio-based polymers (ABS, PP, PET and PLA). Dematerialisation and recycled content were identified as having the most significant positive effects on packaging sustainability. An average net reduction of 52% in the total carbon footprint for all materials assessed was noted when 100% recycling material was applied. The overall impact was reduced by an average of 13% when using 100% solar photovoltaic energy sources in the manufacturing processes. The minimal contribution of the manufacturing stage to the overall impact, compared to the other life cycle stages, was the main attribute causing this comparatively low impact reduction. Furthermore, compared to the other case scenarios, it was determined that polypropylene (PP) was found to have the most favourable environmental impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the Industry 5.0 paradigm evolves to the forefront of research directions, a dissonance emerges between smart and sustainable elements. This stems from the misbalance of priorities appointed during the engineering design process. Selection of technology driven features, such as collaborative robots and IoT devices are often implemented at the expense of other criteria such as environmental sustainability. This observation is investigated on a workstation designed for human-robot collaboration (HRC), but with limited regard to the energy consumption and carbon footprint incurred during its life cycle. Consequently, this research work attempts to understand the consequences of design decisions for HRC safety (physical and cognitive) on environmental sustainability. The impacts of various HRC workstation scenarios (including various safety features and components) are evaluated using environmental metrics while Design for Environmental Sustainability (DfES) is adopted to close the rift between safety and sustainability. This work uses material substitution and dematerialisation to compensate for the negative impacts resulting from smart HRC features, achieving a reduction of 10 % in both energy consumption and carbon footprint when compared to the same workstation not having undergone the DfES exercise. This paves the way for academia and industrial designers seeking to strike a balance between human-centric and environmentally sustainable HRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global packaging industry has been growing significantly, resulting in an increase in waste and emissions. Social responsibilities, regulations and targets are shifting companies' priorities to various sustainable practices. This study comprised a life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify and compare key initiatives influencing the sustainability of plastic cosmetic packaging. The life cycle environmental effects of dematerialisation, recycled content, energy-saving initiatives and renewable energy powering the manufacturing processes, and the end-of-life (EoL) recycling rates of various scenarios, were evaluated. Moreover, a variety of fossil-based and bio-based polymers, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), wood–polymer composite (WPC) and polylactic acid (PLA), were considered. The study determined that dematerialisation and recycled content had the most beneficial impacts on packaging sustainability. When 100% recycled materials were used, an overall impact reduction of 42–60% was noted for all the materials considered. Using 100% renewable energy and applying measures to reduce the energy consumption in the manufacturing stage by 50% reduced the total impact by approximately 9–17% and 7–13%, respectively. Furthermore, it was concluded that PP had the lowest environmental impacts in the majority of the case scenarios considered, by an average of 46%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of European Review of Public Law is the property of European Public Law Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of European Review of Public Law is the property of European Public Law Organization and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses, through drawing, projects and, in the realised cases, photographs that reflect how transparency and dematerialisation from expressionism and Glassarchitektur evolves with Mies van der Rohe and the heir architecture of transparency in SANAA with the aim of generating effects that transform the viewer's perception, a trend that leads to media architectures such as Diller Scofidio + Renfro (DS+R). The tour demonstrates how a graphic and visual narrative develops that combines utopia and reality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cet article constitue une proposition pour la mise en place d’un système d’information permettant la gestion numérique des documents (courriers, factures, correspondance, etc) par le logiciel ArchiDox. Ce dernier, est une solution de gestion électronique de documents (GED) qui combine la gestion de contenu web, la gestion de documents et le flux de travail en une seule application web. Avec des possibilités de recherche de documents à l'aide de différents paramètres (avec autant de flexibilité que possible) une foi que les documents sont archivés. Chaque document est lié à un profil de flux de travail avec approbation dans lequel certains utilisateurs sont autorisés à effectuer certaines tâches à certains moments pendant le processus de traitement du document. Ainsi, ArchiDox permet de faire la dématérialisation de la gestion de documents pour répondre aux besoins actuels et futurs des administrations en simplifiant la communication et la collaboration au sein des services, en réduisant les coûts d’impression des documents et amélioration de l’efficacité au sein des équipes par la centralisation des documents pour tous les services au sein d’une base de données.

Les effets de Transparence-Traçabilité-Archivage issus du secteur privé atteignent progressivement la totalité du secteur public. Mais ces efforts se butent parfois à d’innombrables difficultés quant à leur intégration dans la gestion de la Res Publica. Il n’est pas simple de transposer des outils du secteur marchand, dominé par des principes économiques, à des administrations soumises à une philosophie de gestion publique. Dans cet article, il sera question de montrer jusqu’à quel niveau, le dispositif informatique peut être un outil intégrateur qui prend en compte les deux politiques, celle de l’administration d’une part et, d’autre part, la logique politique plus qu’économique qui anime le secteur non marchand. D’où la nécessité d’une contextualisation qui tienne compte de la réalité sociale du milieu. Et, pour le cas d’espèce, cette réflexion s’est focalisée sur la République Démocratique du Congo. La contextualisation nécessite un recours aux outils et méthodes importés du secteur privé dont l’efficacité n’est plus à démontrer. En définitive, les outils et/ou méthodes de Transparence-Traçabilité-Archivage peuvent être transférés mieux mutés sans difficultés au sein du secteur public en rendant disponible le service ainsi qu’en améliorant sa qualité. Mais c’est l’usage concret qui en sera fait qui leur donnera leur réelle valeur d’amélioration du social de la population mieux, d’un développement durable.

Foundation industries are under increasing pressure to transform for sustainable development. Ceramics play a key role within foundation industries as a necessary material for building manufacturing facilities. Therefore, transforming the ceramic industry could support changes across other foundation industries as well, making it one of the most important industries to transform. Given the limited finances, staff time, and other resources to support transformative change, this study aims to identify a set of key intervention points to enable transformative change in the ceramic industry in the United Kingdom. A desk-based study, reviewing written industry, government, and scientific materials available in the public domain, was carried out to identify initial key intervention points for transformative change. The PESTLE approach was used to analyse macro factors in political, environmental, social, technological, legal, and economic domains in order to understand how the context enables or constrains change in the ceramic industry. A SWOT analysis was conducted to further consolidate the findings. Our analysis detected over 50 transformative change drivers and barriers and showed that decarbonisation and energy-saving strategies were the main drivers for transforming the UK ceramic industry. On the other hand, foreign government policy and legislation, trade barriers, skills shortages, and costly alternative energy sources were among the major barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeszyty Artystyczne - Uniwersytet Artystyczny im. Magdaleny Abakanowicz w Poznaniu / Abakanowicz University of the Arts in Poznan is the property of Wydawnictwo PWSSP and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

4th Industrial Revolution technologies that blur the lines across physical, digital and biological domains have entered seed systems. The digitalisation of seeds' DNA is generating the unstoppable growth of big data on digital sequence information (DSI). The paper analyses the legal vacuum for DSI, which aggravates the dematerialisation and fragmentation of seed, rendering it easier to control under legal, technological, social and logistical enclosures. Open-source seed is explored as a governance mechanism across physical and digital spheres. DSI emerges as a critical juncture for seed movements, revealing how the construction of seed and food sovereignty is a digital and technological affair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The product–service system is a significant research subject related to business model innovation and sustainability. However, the product–service system feature has affected the consumption behaviour, affecting nurture. The authors identified an apparent knowledge gap in the prior literature concerning nurture in the product–service system. This study examined whether nurture should be a prominent issue in the product–service system since certain features can significantly affect the achievement of set targets by generating a rebound effect. This study demonstrated that the business model system is complex, with interconnected solutions and issues. Solutions are not implemented in isolation, therefore, each decision affects the system. This study employed feedback system thinking using system dynamics. To validate its findings against the actual situation, this study employed car-sharing as a case study. The findings of this study indicate that the variable of nurture is a significant indicator of profit growth but generates a deterioration in the environmental and social performance of product–service system implementation, which leads to a rebound effect of the product–service system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global packaging industry has been growing significantly, resulting in an increase in waste and emissions. Social responsibilities, regulations and targets are shifting companies’ priorities to various sustainable practices. This study comprised a life cycle assessment (LCA) to quantify and compare key initiatives influencing the sustainability of plastic cosmetic packaging. The life cycle environmental effects of dematerialisation, recycled content, energy-saving initiatives and renewable energy powering the manufacturing processes, and the end-of-life (EoL) recycling rates of various scenarios, were evaluated. Moreover, a variety of fossil-based and bio-based polymers, such as acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), wood–polymer composite (WPC) and polylactic acid (PLA), were considered. The study determined that dematerialisation and recycled content had the most beneficial impacts on packaging sustainability. When 100% recycled materials were used, an overall impact reduction of 42–60% was noted for all the materials considered. Using 100% renewable energy and applying measures to reduce the energy consumption in the manufacturing stage by 50% reduced the total impact by approximately 9–17% and 7–13%, respectively. Furthermore, it was concluded that PP had the lowest environmental impacts in the majority of the case scenarios considered, by an average of 46%.

Résumé : La Radio Télévision Ivoirienne (RTI), dès sa création, s’est assignée plusieurs objectifs dont la promotion de la culture ivoirienne. Dans l’accomplissement de cette mission, ce médium s’est doté d’un programme qui a nécessité la production d’émissions d’information et de culture depuis les années soixante. Cette cumulation de productions audiovisuelles constitue les archives audiovisuelles de la télévision ivoirienne qui sont conservées dans des conditions désastreuses. Ce fonds documentaire constitue un patrimoine culturel dont la vulgarisation du contenu permettra de préserver l’héritage culturel ivoirien dans une société actuelle tournée vers la mondialisation. Cette mondialisation a pour principe l’absence des frontières avec un usage accru du matériel informatique et de l’Internet. Or la RTI qui s’est adaptée à l’évolution technologique, a le devoir de pérenniser ses missions en procédant à la numérisation des archives audiovisuelles qui sont menacées de dégradation. La dématérialisation de celles-ci aura pour avantage de préserver le contenu historique de ces œuvres et de faciliter la promotion de la culture à travers les technologies de l’information et de la communication. Cette étude a pour objectif de montrer le caractère impérieux d’archiver numériquement tous les fonds documentaires afin de poursuivre la promotion de la culture ivoirienne.

Dematerialisation refers to the decline, over time, of material usage in industrial products. The subject of this paper is to identify the relationship between the material and knowledge content of several products. The issue is whether the knowledge content, through time, will be affecting the products, in terms of dematerialisation. Specifically, a study has been conducted on widely used products in order to determine the way they have changed through their life-timeline. Two different indicators have been introduced for the quantification of the trend, in terms of material and knowledge content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1974, the exhibition Hungría 74 presented 24 artists from Hungary at the Centro de Arte y Communicación (CAYC) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. By the time, artists from both countries suffered political repressions of the dictatorships ruling their countries. Hungría 74 thus was one of the few occasions to interchange ideas. However, the artists from Hungary and Argentina did not first and foremost agree on their political stance. Rather, they were both preoccupied with the dematerialization of art objects. Among Western artist dematerialization was perceived as a rebellious act against the commodification of art objects on the market; it was also embraced as a positive effect of media societies facilitating participation of marginalized groups. However, Argentinian and Hungarian artists transformed the idea to their own means. Experiencing political oppressions, they understood that the loss of material presence was not merely positive. By contrast, it was connected to disappearance, forced exiles or invisible political surveillance. The works of Dóra Maurer, Tamás Hencze, István Haraszty, György Jovánovics presented at Hungría 74 reflect these different notions of dematerialization and offer a critical perspective on the broader political consequences of dematerializations in media societies developing worldwide since the 1970s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La planification urbaine est le principal processus de développement des zones urbaines qui comprend différents domaines et aspects. Parmi ces aspects, nous avons l'acquisition et le traitement des données géospatiales. Dans ce travail, nous contribuons au développement de l'urbanisme par un établissement géoportail des documents d'urbanisme. C’est un prototype informatique permettant tout d’abord la visualisation des documents d’urbanisme et d’effectuer différentes requêtes notamment la mesure de distance, de surface et la localisation), facilité les différentes études : urbanisation, industrialisation, impacts environnementaux, et par conséquent avoir une vision précise sur la disponibilité foncière. Nous avons opté pour une méthodologie de travail minutieux et précise. Nous avons commencé par collecter les données. Puis, nous sommes passés à un prétraitement. La phase suivante fut la conception de la base de données spatiale et l’intégration de celle spatiale dans un serveur cartographique, finalement nous avons développé le géoportail des documents d’urbanisme relatifs au ressort territorial de l’agence urbaine de Taroudannt-Tiznit-Tata.

Copyright of African Journal on Land Policy & Geospatial Sciences is the property of African Journal on Land Policy & Geospatial Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Romanian Journal of Compulsory Execution / Revista Română de Executare Silită is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article analyses the digitalisation processes of three public interest providers in Belgium and its influence on the shaping of digital services, in a more or less inclusive way. It is based on the Economies of Worth theoretical model (Boltanski & Thévenot, 1991) and a case study methodology. It has a twofold objective. First, it aims at grasping the coordination forms that are established between diverse normative principles governing the digitalisation of services: the one of general interest that characterises the key tasks of the services under consideration and those of the commercial and industrial logics that inspire the justifications for their digitalisation. It then aims at understanding the impact of these arrangements on the understandings of digital inclusion and the actions implemented within these organisations.

In this essay, an attempt is made to survey the impact of the most recent technological achievements on everyday life. On the one hand, we seem to be witnessing a decrease in the critical spirit of which the feeling of general plausibility that accompanies technological developments is a sign; on the other hand, we cannot fail to note how redefinitions, often ideologically oriented, of the components of the human are in fact imposing themselves, through which the transhumanist project seems to be making its way. In the light of these findings, transformations of the paradigm of experience seem to accredit an overcoming of the traditional model of homo sapiens in the direction of a complete devaluation of the role of nature and in favour of what has been defined «persona creatus». The essay proposes a critical evaluation of these developments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The "digital revolution", which the juridical observer is asked to tackle, as well as the consequences that legal experts have to deal with, is not an abstract phenomenon. Digitalisation is a consequence and the latest manifestation of the Western culture of the machine. This framework shapes the various concepts of language, political community, and justice, on which, in turn, the diverse current views of the interpreter depend. The twentieth century's globalisation of legal civilisation has perfected the machinery of legal talk. The mechanics of legal decision rules are based upon the automatism of the sentence, the predicative language. Law appears as a "black box". The increase of law's authority and persuasive power depends exactly on this. As the function of rhetoric is to make us see the means of persuasion around each argument, the analysis of law is a matter of rhetoric. Rhetoric analyses particular forms of legal talk as contents. The paper suggests that the basic question of the interpreter's reasonableness is of how to speak of law and justice without coming under the sway of a world-view that treats all law in the terms of the instrumental strategies and technologies typical of the modern society of control. In my opinion, the interpreter's role demands him to become a speaker of a real lingua franca, a language appropriate for making distant voices communicate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les dossiers patients sous format papier ont clairement été identifiés comme vecteurs favorisant la transmission rapide du SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) entre patient/personnel et personnel/personnel. Pour pallier ce problème, les services de radiothérapie du groupe ONCORAD ont travaillé sur une méthodologie pour la dématérialisation totale du dossier patient, basée sur une démarche qualité, dans un délai de trois semaines. Ce travail a permis une amélioration probante dans la gestion des risques a priori, et une plus grande fluidité des processus de prise en charge du patient. Paper patient file sharing has clearly been identified as a risk behavior for the COVID-19 virus transmission in radiotherapy units. In order to overcome this, the ONCORAD radiotherapy units worked on total dematerialization of the paper patient file, within 3 weeks. The methodology is based on a quality approch. This work has led to a convincing improvement in the management of risks a priori and a smoother patient care workflow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, many highly qualified women, with specializations in traditional or innovative areas, are found working as consultants, assistants or selfemployed professionals: their fragmented career paths include going back and forth between different places where and from which they work. In this context, the home is one of the working spaces, where new opportunities and old contradictions can be found. The desire for autonomy and the satisfaction of using one's own skills to create ideas and projects that find their place in the labor market coexist with the need for unlimited investment on many fronts in terms of time and personal commitment that does not preclude the feeling of isolation and solitude. Teleworking and the intensive use of technological means create the feeling of "working without a body". The article sheds light on "emptiness and fullness" with regard to corporality and highlights the "dematerialization effects" that occur within the organization of "remote" work, especially when it is carried out in the domestic space. In terms of methodology, the use of a biographical and narrative approach made it possible to understand the experiences of the women interviewed based on the meaning they themselves give to their own work experiences and their unique position in the domestic space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the current status of patient's informed consent (PIC) management at radiological centres and the overall opinion of radiologist active members of the Italian Society of Medical Radiology (SIRM) about PIC dematerialisation through an online survey. Methods and materials: All members were invited to join the survey as an initiative by the Imaging Informatics Chapter of SIRM. The survey consisted of 11 multiple-choice questions about participants' demographics, current local modalities of PIC acquisition and storage, perceived advantages and disadvantages of PIC dematerialisation over conventional paper-based PIC, and overall opinion about PIC dematerialisation. Results: A total of 1791 radiologists (amounting to 17.4% of active SIRM members for the year 2016) joined the survey. Perceived advantages of PIC dematerialisation were easier and faster PIC recovery (96.5%), safer storage and conservation (94.5%), and reduced costs (90.7%). Conversely, the need to create dedicated areas for PIC acquisition inside each radiological unit (64.0%) and to gain preliminary approval for the use of advanced digital signature tools from patients (51.8%) were seen as potential disadvantages. Overall, 94.5% of respondents had a positive opinion about PIC dematerialisation. Conclusion: Radiologists were mostly favourable to PIC dematerialisation. However, concerns were raised that its practical implementation might face hurdles due to its complexity in current real life working conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Modern romantic love is contemplated in association with industrial forms of production and labour. Attention is paid to the ways in which women are industrialisation’s automatic operatives par excellence, as well as the subjects and objects of love.

Copyright of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseño y Comunicación is the property of Cuadernos del Centro de Estudios de Diseno y Comunicacion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background . The contribution of information and communication technologies (ICTs) to a low carbon economy is unclear. Previous reviews emphasise the need to assess the specific factors that determine the environmental impacts of ICTs, but none of them link those factors to the magnitude of the impacts on energy consumption and carbon emissions. Our study aims to fill this evidence gap. Methods/Design . We restrict our analysis to a single application domain, namely e-materialisation, defined as the partial or complete substitution of material products with electronic equivalents. We conduct the first systematic literature review of the direct and higher order impacts of the digitalisation of goods on energy consumption. Results / Synthesis . We identify 31 relevant studies that we sort into five categories, namely: ‘e-publications’ (e-books, e-magazines and e-journals); ‘e-news’; ‘e-business’; ‘e-music’; and ‘e-videos and games’. All but one of the 31 studies use life-cycle analysis and employ a range of product-system configurations, functional units, system boundaries and allocation rules. Confining attention to direct and substitution effects, the studies suggest potential energy savings from e-publications, e-news and e-music, and less potential from e-business and e-videos/games. However, different assumptions for key variables (such as the lifetime and energy efficiency of user devices, the extent to which personal transport is displaced and the number of users of material and digital products) lead to very different estimates—including many where lifecycle energy consumption increases. Most of the studies assume that digital goods substitute for material goods and all of them neglect rebound effects—which suggests that they overestimate energy savings. Discussion . Given the diversity and context-specificity of the available evidence, the optimistic assumptions that are frequently used (e.g. perfect substitution) and the neglect of rebound effects, we cannot conclude that e-materialisation has delivered significant energy savings to date or is likely to do so in the future.

Copyright of Revue d'Économie Régionale & urbaine is the property of Librairie Armand Colin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)