Search

Objetivo: Analisar as práticas de educação sexual voltadas aos idosos para a prevenção de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Método: Tratou-se de uma revisão integrativa que utilizou os descritores: “doenças sexualmente transmissíveis" AND "educação em saúde" OR "educação sexual" AND "saúde do idoso". Os dados foram coletados em sete bases de dados eletrônicas. A busca ocorreu de março e abril de 2021, como filtro foi utilizado artigos publicados no ano de 2010-2020. Resultados: Foram incluídas 18 publicações, discutidas na perspectiva do referencial crítico-dialógico de Paulo Freire. Assim, cada publicação foi classificada segundo a concepção pedagógica, como crítica e não crítica. Existe uma paridade de publicações de ambas as abordagens, sendo importante que práticas críticas, que considerem e favoreçam o compartilhamento de vivências e perspectivas dos idosos. Conclusão: As práticas educativas apresentadas, abordam a saúde sexual do idoso de forma sucinta e didática, focando em conceitos, prevenção, diagnóstico e tratamento das IST.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents an excessive fat accumulation within the liver, usually associated with excess body weight. A liver biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis, but it is inapplicable in population-based studies. In large populations, non-invasive methods could be used, which may also serve to identify potential protective factors. We aimed to (a) estimate NAFLD prevalence in the adult population in Chile by using non-invasive methods and (b) determine the association between the presence of NAFLD and lifestyle habits. The National Health Survey of Chile 2016–2017 was analysed. We included individuals aged 21–75 years, without infectious diseases nor risky alcohol consumption. NAFLD was detected by either fatty liver index (FLI; considers circulating TAG, circulating γ-glutamyl-transferase, BMI and waist circumference), lipid accumulation product (LAP; considers sex, circulating TAG and waist circumference) or their combination. Lifestyle habits were determined by questionnaires. We included 2774 participants, representative of 10 599 094 (9 831 644, 11 366 544) adults in Chile. NAFLD prevalence (95 % CI) was 39·4 % (36·2, 42·8) by FLI, 27·2 % (24·2, 30·4) by LAP and 23·5 % (20·7, 26·5) by their combination. The prevalence progressively increased with increasing BMI. Of note, less smoking and more moderate-vigorous physical activity and whole-grain consumption were associated with lower odds of having NAFLD, independently of BMI. At least one out of four adults in Chile is afflicted with NAFLD. Health promotion strategies focused on controlling excess body weight and promoting specific lifestyle habits are urgently required.

Se obvia que la comida es una parte fundamental en la vida y esto resta sentido a la transmisión simbólica inherente a su preparación, conservación, degustación y transmisión dialógica.El presente ensayo hace un acercamientoa las emociones como eje central del diálogo que surge entre las personas al cocinar, comer o charlar alrededor de la mesa. Se tiene como objetivo el establecer las bases para una propuesta funcional de aplicación de la cocina emocional para su uso didáctico que rescate los principales medios dialógicos con los cuales crear un lenguaje simbólico que preserve, rescate y/o conserve la tradición de la comunicación mediante la evocación de emociones como símbolos dialógicos. Mediante una metodología de corte cualitativo, se hace uso de un método analítico-descriptivo de los principales elementos que integran los mensajes en la comida como medios conductores y transformadores de emociones.

Objetivo: investigar as relações de dependência à ocorrência de malformações congênitas em nascidos vivos. Método: trata-se de um estudo observacional de caráter analítico com abordagem transversal retrospectiva. A coleta dos dados foi realizada no Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos, onde foram obtidas variáveis sociodemográficas dos nascimentos com e sem malformação congênita ocorridos nas cidades pertencentes à 14º Regional de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, no período de 2009 a 2018. A análise dos dados foi realizada estatisticamente por meio do Teste Qui-quadrado de Pearson, considerando intervalo de confiança de 95% e nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: foram identificadas sete variáveis epidemiológicas com relação de dependência à ocorrência de malformação congênita em nascidos vivos, duas relacionadas ao período gestacional e cinco relacionadas ao neonato, sendo elas o número de consultas pré-natal, idade gestacional, sexo do recém-nascido, etnia/cor, APGAR no 1º e 5º minuto e peso ao nascer. Conclusão: as variáveis estudadas tiveram relação estatística com o nascimento com algum tipo de anomalia congênita.

Several classical writers had an impressive power of observation and often depicted medical conditions in their works long before medical literature did. Sleep paralysis is a common and frightening experience, in particular when occurring for the first time. Therefore, it is not surprising that it has been frequently described in the classical literature, eg by Dostoevsky, Kafka, Dickens, and Maupassant. In Nikolai Gogol's tale "The portrait" (1833) we could recognize an excellent description of a sleep paralysis, in which several components of this condition were depicted including motor paralysis, visual and auditory hallucinations, and autonomic manifestations. To the best of our knowledge, this account is the earliest description of a sleep paralysis in non-medical literature.

Objetivo: conhecer a percepção de enfermeiros em relação à atenção às pessoas com hipertensão e/ou diabetes na Atenção Primária a Saúde (APS). Método: trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e exploratória, desenvolvida com 14 enfermeiros vinculados a municípios de uma regional de saúde do Paraná/BR. A coleta dos dados ocorreu no mês de setembro de 2021 por meio da técnica participativa intitulada Painel Integrado, a partir de quatro questões norteadoras, mediadas por três docentes e quatro discentes. Os dados foram transcritos e submetidos a análise interpretativa. Resultados: foram identificados seis tópicos de interesse: Estratégias de atendimento; Organização das consultas de enfermagem; Desafios para a realização da consulta de enfermagem; Potencialidades para a realização da consulta de enfermagem; Desafios da Rede de Atenção as Condições Crônicas; e Potencialidades da Rede de Atenção as Condições Crônicas. Considerações finais: a percepção dos enfermeiros sobre o atendimento às pessoas hipertensas e diabéticas se dá por ações programadas e espontâneas que visam ao controle glicêmico e pressórico. As consultas de enfermagem usualmente ocorrem previamente à consulta médica e sem sistematização. Desvelou-se também que os enfermeiros reconhecem sua importância nesse contexto, porém a rotina e a alta demanda se constituem como desafios a serem vencidos a sim de melhorar a prática exercida.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic pathologies ranging from simple steatosis (SS) to hepatocellular carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota (IM) is composed of trillions of microorganisms existing in the gut. It has 150 times more genes than the host. Changes in the composition and function of the IM are associated with different diseases, including NAFLD. In this condition, IM could have a pathogenic role through different mechanisms such as energy salvaging from food, an inflammatory stimulus, a modulation of the innate immune system, regulation of bile acid turnover, alteration of choline metabolism and increasing endogenous ethanol levels. This review is an update on the role of the intestinal microbiota in NAFLD and the possible mechanisms involved.

Assessing children’s growth adequately is important due to the necessary prevention of adequate body composition, especially at pre-pubertal age. Simpler measurements such as anthropometry or bioimpedance, using equations validated in Caucasian children, have been demonstrated to overestimate or underestimate fat mass percentage (FM%) or fat-free mass (FFM) in Chilean children. In a sample of 424 children (198 boys and 226 girls) of 7–9 years old, the three component (3C) model was assessed, where total body water was determined by 2H dilution and body volume by air displacement plethysmography, in order to design and validate anthropometry and bioimpedance equations. The FM (%) equation specific for Chilean children was validated as (1·743 × BMI z-score) + (0·727 × triceps skinfold) + (0·385 × biceps skinfold) + 15·985, against the 3C model (R2 0·79). The new FFM equation (kg) generated was (log FFM = (0·018 × age) + (0·047 × sex) + (0·006 × weight) + (0·027 × resistance) + 2·071), with an R2 0·93 (female = 1 and male = 2). The Bland–Altman analysis shows a mean difference of 0·27 (sd 3·5) for the FM% in the whole group as well as 0·004 (sd 0·9) kg is the mean difference for the bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) FFM (kg) equation. The new equations for FM (%) and FFM (kg) in Chilean children will provide a simple and valid tool for the assessment of body composition in cohort studies or to assess the impact of nutritional programmes or public policies.

El mantenimiento de un óptimo estado de salud es un tema de relevancia que ha llevado a científicos/as y clínicos/as a estudiar, investigar e innovar con el fin de disminuir las brechas y vacíos existentes de conocimiento. Actualmente, la epidemiología nutricional es un área de investigación que cobra cada día más importancia, cuyo objeto de estudio se centra fundamentalmente en el rol de la alimentación en el proceso salud-enfermedad. A partir del estudio del consumo dietético y su relación con las enfermedades crónicas, se ha observado que la dieta es uno de los factores modificables que influyen directamente en la prevención de estas enfermedades1. Además, el interés en estudiar la relación de la dieta con enfermedades transmisibles ha aumentado considerablemente. Por ello, estimar la ingesta alimentaria o evaluar patrones de consumo de alimentos en diferentes poblaciones es fundamental en la práctica de la dietética.

Background: Women with obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAS) are less likely to be assessed or to receive an appropriate diagnosis, and they may have poorer quality of life and survival rates. Aim: To assess gender-specific clinical differences in adult patients with OSAS. Material and Methods: A standardized clinical questionnaire and four sleep questionnaires (Berlin, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, STOP and STOP-Bang) were administered and anthropometric data were measured. Patients underwent an overnight in-laboratory polysomnography to confirm the diagnosis of OSAS. Receiver operating characteristic curves, sensitivity and specificity of clinical manifestations and sleep questionnaires were calculated. Results: Of 1,464 screened patients, 509 were female, 58.6% had moderate to severe OSAS. Clinical variables associated with OSAS risk in women were age, insomnia, nocturia, hypertension and cervical circumference. Paired by age and respiratory events, the snoring frequency was similar in both genders, although witnessed apneas and high cervical circumference and waist/hip ratio were more common in males. Morning headaches, insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness, depression, anxiety and poor quality of sleep were more common in women. Women were older than men, more obese (although with an obesity pattern less centrally distributed) and referred hypertension, diabetes, depression and hypothyroidism with higher frequency. Sleep questionnaires performance were similar in both sexes. Conclusions: It is likely that women with OSAS may partially be underdiagnosed due to circumstances related to a different OSAS clinical expression.

RESUMEN La enfermedad celiaca (EC) es una enteropatía crónica del intestino delgado, mediado por una respuesta inmune, gatillada por la exposición al gluten en individuos genéticamente susceptibles. La presentación clínica de la EC es variada y conduce a mala absorción. El estado nutricional en el momento del diagnóstico de la EC depende del tiempo en que la enfermedad ha estado activa, la extensión de la inflamación intestinal, grado de mala absorción e ingesta alimentaria. Sin embargo, en los últimos años se ha observado un cambio epidemiológico del estado nutricional en los pacientes celiacos al momento del diagnóstico. La presente revisión tuvo por objetivo realizar un análisis descriptivo de la presencia de obesidad en pacientes celiacos y de los posibles mecanismos fisiopatológicos que la explicarían.

This paper aims to improve the learning process of students of Engineering and Design on the Tecnologico de Monterrey through TEC VEP (Virtual Enterprise Planning), a virtual platform. In the Industrial Engineering and Design teamwork, we are using the play lab concepts to build academic activities with interactivity between the academic and the industry ecosystem using a virtual platform. The student performs a simulation from the home of the processes of a company that are parameterized by professors and training partners, in such a way that the student has an experience very close to reality through distance education. The design of this activity emulates an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) [1] system and facilitates students to design a company where the process and departments are fully linked. The simulation defines processes so that through real (VR) and augmented reality (AR) and 3D simulation the student can live the experience of working in a car assembly, the use of VR and AR in education will improve the learning process for students in the coronavirus edge.

The academic community of the department of Risaralda, in its permanent interest in evidencing the results of the research processes that are carried out from the Higher Education Institutions and as a product of the VI meeting of researchers of the department of Risaralda held in November 2021 presents its work: “The journey of research as a challenge towards new trends”, which reflects the result of the latest research and advances in different lines of knowledge in Agricultural Sciences, Health Sciences, Social Sciences and Technology and Information Sciences, which seek to solve and meet the demands of the different sectors. This work would not have been possible without the help of each of the teachers, researchers and authors who presented their articles that make up each of the chapters of the book, to them our gratitude for their commitment, dedication and commitment, since their sole purpose is to contribute from the academy and science to scientific and technological development in the search for the solution of problems and thus contribute to transform the reality of our society and communities. We also wish to extend our gratitude to the institutions of the Network that made this publication possible: UTP, UCP, UNAD, UNIREMINGTON; UNISARC, CIAF, Universidad Libre, Uniclaretiana, Fundación Universitaria Comfamiliar and UNIMINUTO, institutions that in one way or another allowed this work to become a reality, which we hope will be of interest to you. Preface............................................................................................................................7 Chapter 1. Technologies and Engineering Towards a humanization in Engineering using soft skills in training in Engineers.............................................................................................................11 Omar Iván Trejos Buriticá1, Luis Eduardo Muñoz Guerrero Innovative materials in construction: review from a bibliometric analysis....................................................................................................................27 Cristian Osorio Gómez, Daniel Aristizábal Torres, Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Cristhian Camilo Amariles López Bibliometric review of disaster risk management: progress, trends, and challenges.........................................................................................................51 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Gloria Milena Molina Vinasco. Incidence of land coverage and geology, in the unstability of lands of the micro-basin of the Combia creek, Pereira, Risaralda....................................73 Alejandro Alzate Buitrago, Daniel Aristizábal Torres. Chapter 2. Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Training experience with teachers teaching mathematics using the inquiry methodology ...............................................................................................95 Vivian Libeth Uzuriaga López, Héctor Gerardo Sánchez Bedoya. Interpretation of the multiple representations of the fears associated to the boarding of limited visual patients in the elective I students’ written productions and low vision ...................................................................................113 Eliana Bermúdez Cardona, Ana María Agudelo Guevara, Caterine Villamarín Acosta. The relevance of local knowledge in social sciences............................................131 Alberto Antonio Berón Ospina, Isabel Cristina Castillo Quintero. Basic education students’ conceptions of conflict a view from the peace for the education....................................................................................................143 Astrid Milena Calderón Cárdenas,Carolina Aguirre Arias, Carolina Franco Ossa, Martha Cecilia Gutiérrez Giraldo, Orfa Buitrago. Comprehensive risk prevention in educational settings: an interdisciplinary and socio-educational approach ............................................................................163 Olga María Henao Trujillo, Claudia María López Ortiz. Chapter 3. Natural and Agricultural Sciences Physicochemical characterization of three substrates used in the deep bedding system in swine .......................................................................................175 Juan Manuel Sánchez Rubio, Andrés Felipe Arias Roldan, Jesús Arturo Rincón Sanz, Jaime Andrés Betancourt Vásquez. Periodic solutions in AFM models........................................................................187 Daniel Cortés Zapata, Alexander Gutiérrez Gutiérrez. Phenology in flower and fruit of Rubus glaucus benth. Cv. Thornless in Risaralda: elements for phytosanitary management .........................................199 Shirley Palacios Castro, Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, James Montoya Lerma, Ricardo Flórez, Harry Josué Pérez. Socio-economic and technical characterization of the cultivation of avocado (Persea americana) in Risaralda..............................................................217 Andrés Alfonso Patiño Martínez, Kelly Saudith Castañez Poveda, Eliana Gómez Correa. Biosecurity management in backyard systems in Santa Rosa de Cabal, Risaralda................................................................................................................227 Julia Victoria Arredondo Botero, Jaiver Estiben Ocampo Jaramillo, Juan Sebastián Mera Vallejo, Álvaro de Jesús Aranzazu Hernández. CONTENTS Physical-chemical diagnosis of soils in hillside areas with predominance of Lulo CV. La Selva production system in the department of Risaralda.............241 Adriana Patricia Restrepo Gallón, María Paula Landinez Montes, Jimena Tobón López. Digestibility of three concentrates used in canine feeding....................................271 María Fernanda Mejía Silva, Valentina Noreña Sánchez, Gastón Adolfo Castaño Jiménez. Chapter 4. Economic, Administrative, and Accounting Sciences Financial inclusion in households from socioeconomic strata 1 and 2 in the city of Pereira ..................................................................................................285 Lindy Neth Perea Mosquera, Marlen Isabel Redondo Ramírez, Angélica Viviana Morales. Internal marketing strategies as a competitive advantage for the company Mobilautos SAS de Dosquebradas........................................................................303 Inés Montoya Sánchez, Sandra Patricia Viana Bolaños, Ana María Barrera Rodríguez. Uses of tourist marketing in the tourist sector of the municipality of Belén de Umbría, Risaralda.............................................................................................319 Ana María Barrera Rodríguez, Paola Andrea Echeverri Gutiérrez, María Camila Parra Buitrago, Paola Andrea Martín Muñoz, Angy Paola Ángel Vélez, Luisa Natalia Trejos Ospina. Territorial prospective of Risaralda department (Colombia), based on the SDGS...............................................................................................................333 Juan Guillermo Gil García, Samanta Londoño Velásquez. Chapter 5. Health and Sports Sciences Performance evaluation in times of pandemic. What do medical students think?.......................................................................................................353 Samuel Eduardo Trujillo Henao, Rodolfo A. Cabrales Vega, Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez. The relevance of the therapist’s self and self-reference in the training of psychologists.....................................................................................................371 Maria Paula Marmolejo Lozano, Mireya Ospina Botero. Habits related to oral health which influence lifestyle of elder people in a wellness center for the elderly in Pereira 2020. .............................................387 Isadora Blanco Pérez, Olga Patricia Ramírez Rodríguez, Ángela María Rincón Hurtado. Analysis of the suicide trend in the Coffee Region in Colombia during the years 2012-2018 ..............................................................................................405 Germán Alberto Moreno Gómez, Jennifer Nessim Salazar, Jairo Franco Londoño, Juan Carlos Medina Osorio. Hind limb long bone fractures in canines and felines...........................................419 María Camila Cruz Vélez, Valentina Herrera Morales, Alba Nydia Restrepo Jiménez, Lina Marcela Palomino, Gabriel Rodolfo Izquierdo Bravo. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in children in the rural and urban area of Risaralda....................................................................................................439 Angela María Álvarez López, Angela Liceth Pérez Rendón, Alejandro Gómez Rodas, Luis Enrique Isaza Velásquez. Chapter 6. Architecture, Design and Advertising The artisan crafts of Risaralda, characteristics, importance, and risks within the Colombian Coffee Cultural Landscape, CCCL....................................457 Yaffa Nahir Ivette Gómez Barrera, Javier Alfonso López Morales.

Cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs) of the Y509E mutant of glycoside hydrolase family 52 &beta, xylosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus with dual activity of &beta, xylosidase and xylanase (XynB2Y509E) were prepared. Ammonium sulfate was used as the precipitant agent, and glutaraldehyde as cross-linking agent. The optimum conditions were found to be 90% ammonium sulfate, 12.5 mM glutaraldehyde, 3 h of cross-linking reaction at 25 &deg, C, and pH 8.5. Under these (most effective) conditions, XynB2Y509E-CLEAs retained 92.3% of their original &beta, xylosidase activity. Biochemical characterization of both crude and immobilized enzymes demonstrated that the maximum pH and temperature after immobilization remained unchanged (pH 6.5 and 65 &deg, C). Moreover, an improvement in pH stability and thermostability was also found after immobilization. Analysis of kinetic parameters shows that the Km value of XynB2Y509E-CLEAs obtained was slightly higher than that of free XynB2Y509E (1.2 versus 0.9 mM). Interestingly, the xylanase activity developed by the mutation was also conserved after the immobilization process.

Resumen basado en el de la publicación Resumen en inglés Monográfico con el título: Didáctica de la Historia. Homenaje a Joan Pagès Se plantea la discusión sobre la formación inicial de profesores generalistas y su relación con las prácticas de enseñanza de las ciencias sociales, desplegadas por profesores noveles en la educación básica primaria. Esta discusión se hace a partir de los resultados de una investigación en la que se analizan dos casos que corresponden a profesoras principiantes vinculadas laboralmente a instituciones educativas públicas colombianas. Se interpretan las relaciones existentes entre los propósitos que guían la formación en didáctica de las ciencias sociales del programa universitario cursado por las profesoras y las prácticas de enseñanza del conocimiento social que ellas desarrollan con alumnos de básica primaria. Los resultados muestran divergencias entre las finalidades propuestas por la universidad y las que expresan las profesoras, con las que se evidencian en sus prácticas. Se identifica una formación inicial que otorga más importancia a lo pedagógico sobre lo disciplinar, enfatiza en el currículo oficial basado en estándares de competencias, que instrumentaliza la enseñanza a través de proyectos y de unidades didácticas alejadas del contexto real de los estudiantes. Estos hallazgos llevan a plantear nuevamente la necesidad de avanzar hacia enfoques críticos en la formación inicial de maestros, comprometidos con la educación para la democracia y la transformación social, en los que se tenga en cuenta el conocimiento de la disciplina a enseñar y de su didáctica específica; que sean capaces de reflexionar, comprender y tomar decisiones sobre el por qué y para qué se enseña y se aprende este conocimiento en la Educación Primaria ESP

Se reconoce como Conflicto de Interés (COI), al conjunto de condiciones en las que el juicio profesional en relación a un interés primario, tiende a ser indebidamente influenciado por un interés secundario (como por ejemplo el beneficio económico)1 . Esta situación no es ajena a los procesos editoriales de revistas científicas, estando presente desde la producción de manuscritos por los/as autores/as, la revisión por pares y las gestiones de los/as miembros de los equipos editoriales.

La gestión de las pymes depende de las condiciones del emprendedor, sus características y valores, sus estrategias y su gestión (Blackman, 2003). El desempeño de las empresas, medido en las variaciones del beneficio económico, depende de los valores del emprendedor y estrategias frente a su empresa, así como del emprendedor como individuo, su comportamiento humano, antecedentes, entorno, objetivos, valores y motivaciones (McClelland, 1970; Gámez, 2013). La permanencia de la empresa es la productividad (Sanabria, 2003), y esta se puede explicar a través de los valores de los emprendedores como logro, autonomía, ambición, agresividad, igualdad, autoridad, lealtad, innovación, trabajo y honestidad. Con 383 pymes de la industria de Bogotá se prueba el modelo de Blackman. El desempeño expresado en obtención de beneficios por el desarrollo de la actividad empresarial en la industria bogotana está repartido entre quienes crecieron, no tuvieron cambios y quienes han tenido decrementos. Management of smes depend on the conditions of the entrepreneur, their characteristics and values, their strategies and their management (Blackman, 2003). The performance of companies measured in the variations of economic benefit depend on the entrepreneur, his values and strategies in relation to his company, the entrepreneur as an individual, his human behavior, his background, his environment, objectives, values and motivations (McClelland, 1970; Gámez, 2013). The permanence of the company is productivity (Sanabria, 2003), and this can be explained through the values of entrepreneurs such as achievement, autonomy, ambition, aggressiveness, equality, authority, loyalty, innovation, work and honesty. With 383 smes in the Bogotá industry, the Blackman model is tested. The performance expressed in obtaining benefits for the development of business activity in the Bogota industry is divided among those who grew up, did not have changes and those who have had decreases.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) encompasses a wide spectrum of hepatic pathologies ranging from simple steatosis (SS) to hepatocellular carcinoma. Intestinal microbiota (IM) is composed of trillions of microorganisms existing in the gut. It has 150 times more genes than the host. Changes in the composition and function of the IM are associated with different diseases, including NAFLD. In this condition, IM could have a pathogenic role through different mechanisms such as energy salvaging from food, an inflammatory stimulus, a modulation of the innate immune system, regulation of bile acid turnover, alteration of choline metabolism and increasing endogenous ethanol levels. This review is an update on the role of the intestinal microbiota in NAFLD and the possible mechanisms involved.

Passiflora emarginata Bonpl. (synonyms Astrophea emarginata (Bonpl.) M.Roem. and Passiflora caucaensis Holm‐Niels.), a medium‐sized tree from Colombia, is described and illustrated. Its history, taxonomy, conservation status, observations from the wild and cultivation including its propagation are discussed.

Surface sediments from Reloncavi Fjord and the Chiloe inner sea in Chilean Patagonia were extracted and analyzed to estimate deltamethrin and diflubenzuron levels. These antiparasitary pesticides have been used for decades in the salmon industry. Relationships were determined between pesticide concentrations and organic carbon percent in sediments. Deltamethrin (0.39–1.05 µg g−1 dw) was found at all sampling sites but diflubenzuron (0.06–0.09 µg g−1 dw) at only five. Diflubenzuron levels were similar for sediments from other fjord areas. However, deltamethrin concentration was 2–3 fold higher than other studies on this area. The organic carbon percent was correlated positively and significantly with diflubenzuron, but not with deltamethrin. Our results suggest that the high deltamethrin concentrations in sediments are due to the increased use of pyrethroids around salmon farming areas. But, the diflubenzuron levels can be explained by degradation processes.

Capparaceae Juss. es una familia de distribución amplia en regiones tropicales y subtropicales, particularmente en zonas áridas y semiáridas. Para su estudio se recorrió el departamento del Atlántico (Colombia) y se recolectaron especímenes, los cuales se procesaron según técnicas taxonómicas clásicas. Como resultado se presenta una sinopsis de la familia Capparaceae. Se incluyen claves para la separación de los taxones y descripciones de los caracteres morfológicos de las especies que crecen en el departamento, así como también sus sinónimos, los nombres comunes y los usos. Se reportan siete géneros (Belencita, Capparidastrum, Crateva, Cynophalla, Monilicarpa, Morisonia y Quadrella) y catorce especies siendo Cynophalla el género más diverso entre ellos; además, se registra por primera vez Cynophalla polyantha (Triana & Planch.) Cornejo & Iltis en el departamento del Atlántico.

The application of the public policy of aging and old age in the city of Bogotá in the last 10 years has forced people over 60 years to regularly undertake activities in which they worked for many years as employees. Other older adults have continued working to meet their basic needs. However, under this reference, the methodology used in the research was a mixed qualitative-quantitative approach because the two are of great importance to deduce whether the national public policy of aging has brought advantages or disadvantages to the development and/or continuity of the business plans being prepared by senior entrepreneurs.