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1. Synthesis and characterization of an open-pore toxic-element-free Ti-based bulk metallic glass foam for bio-implant application

Author

Y.C. Liao, S.M. Song, T.H. Li, J.B. Li, P.H. Tsai, J.S.C. Jang, C.H. Huang, J.C. Huang, Y.S. Huang, C.H. Lin, Y.S. Lin, and C.H. Chen

Subjects
Amorphous alloy, Bulk metallic glass foam, Titanium, Biocompatibility, Mining engineering. Metallurgy, TN1-997
Abstract

A series of porous toxic-element-free Ti42Zr40Si15Ta3 bulk metallic glass with 13–54 vol.% porosity are produced via powder metallurgy by the space holder method. The amorphous nature, foam morphology, mechanical properties, electrochemical response in simulation body fluid and in-vivo biocompatibility responses are systematically investigated. Results show that these open-cell Ti-based bulk metallic glass foams (BMGFs) exhibit yield strength from 140 to 730 MPa and Young’s moduli from 8 to 53 GPa, matching very well with the mechanical properties of human bone and the estimated data by theoretical models. Compared to the bulk metallic glass (BMG) of the same composition, the high exposed surface area of the produced Ti-based BMGFs exhibited higher current in the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and potential state tests. However, no specific peak corresponding to the oxidation or reduction response of the composition elements is found in the electrochemical test. Moreover, the six-month in-vivo tests in New Zealand white rabbits shows that the good osteo-integration between the newly growth bone and the implanted Ti-based BMGFs, making them promising new candidates for bio-implant applications in avoiding stress shielding or bio-unfriendly symptoms.

Published
2020
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2. Colgajo libre de perforantes de tensor de fascia lata como procedimiento de rescate de un colgajo anterolateral de muslo Tensor fasciae latae perforator free flap as a backup procedure for an anterolateral thigh flap

Author

A. Rodríguez Lorenzo and C.H. Lin

Subjects
Colgajo anterolateral de muslo, Colgajo de perforantes de tensor de fascia lata, Variaciones anatómicas, Procedimientos de rescate, Anterolateral thigh flap, Tensor fasciae latae perforator flap, Anatomical variations, Backup procedures, Medicine, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract

El colgajo anterolateral de muslo es uno de los colgajos más utilizados para la reconstrucción de una amplia variedad de defectos. En aproximadamente un 2% de los casos este colgajo presenta una distribución vascular considerada como difícil, lo que hace necesario plantear opciones reconstructivas alternativas intraoperatoriamente. En el presente artículo presentamos un caso clínico en el que se resolvió con éxito esta situación reconvirtiendo un colgajo de perforantes anterolateral del muslo, basado en una perforante de pequeño calibre y con una disección intramuscular muy larga, en un colgajo de perforantes de Tensor de Fascia Lata.Anterolateral thigh flap is one of the most popular flaps used for reconstruction of a wide variety of defects. A difficult vascular pattern can be found in 2% of the cases in this flap which makes neccessary to shift to an alternative reconstructive option through a decision that it is usually made intraoperatively. In the current study we report a case in which this situation was successfully resolved by shifting an anterolateral thigh flap, based on a small perforator with a long intramuscular course, to a Tensor Fasciae Latae perforator flap.

Published
2009

4. Spigelian hernia: Mesh or not? Hernia de Spiegel: ¿con o sin malla?

Author

H.F. Hsieh, C.H. Chuang, C.H. Lin, J.C. Yu, and C.B. Hsieh

Subjects
Hernia de Spiegel, Hernia, Malla, Laparoscopia, Spigelian hernia, Mesh, Laparoscopic, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Objective: the purpose of this study was to report our experience in management and clinical result of Spigelian hernia with preperitoneal mesh repair or without mesh repair. Experimental design: retrospecitve analysis. Subjects: the medical records of 11 cases of Spigelian hernia with surgical treatment were reviewed. The clinical characteristic, treatment and clinical result were evaluated. Results: of the 11 cases that were evaluated, 7 patients underwent open repair of hernia without extra-peritoneal mesh (group A), the other 4 patients underwent open surgery with extra-peritoneal mesh (group B). There were no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, underlying diseases, symptoms, duration of symptoms, features of hernia sac and method of approach. No recurrence was found in these two groups. The mean follow-up time was 8.5 ± 3.2 (years) in group A and 6.7 ± 2.1 (years) in group B. Conclusions: whether open repair of spigelian hernia with or without extra-peritoneal mesh gives the same and well result.Objetivo: el propósito de este estudio fue comunicar nuestra experiencia en el manejo de la hernia de Spiegel con y sin el empleo de mallas preperitoneales. Diseño experimental: análisis retrospectivo. Sujetos: se revisaron las historias clínicas de 11 casos de hernia de Spiegel tratados quirúrgicamente. Se evaluaron las características clínicas, los tratamientos y los resultados clínicos. Resultados: de los 11 casos que se evaluaron, 7 pacientes se sometieron a reparación abierta de la hernia sin malla extraperitoneal (grupo A) y 4 se sometieron a cirugía abierta con malla extraperitoneal (grupo B). No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a edad, sexo, índice de masa corporal, enfermedades de base, síntomas, duración de los síntomas, rasgos del saco herniario o método de abordaje. No se hallaron recurrencias en ninguno de los dos grupos. El periodo medio de seguimiento fue de 8,5 ± 3,2 (años) en el grupo A y de 6,7 ± 2,1 (años) en el grupo B. Conclusiones: con o sin malla extraperitoneal, la reparación abierta de la hernia de Spiegel consigue buenos resultados.

Published
2007

5. Spigelian hernia: Mesh or not?

Author

H.F. Hsieh, C.H. Chuang, C.H. Lin, J.C. Yu, and C.B. Hsieh

Subjects
Spigelian hernia, Hernia, Mesh, Laparoscopic, Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology, RC799-869
Abstract

Objective: the purpose of this study was to report our experience in management and clinical result of Spigelian hernia with preperitoneal mesh repair or without mesh repair. Experimental design: retrospecitve analysis. Subjects: the medical records of 11 cases of Spigelian hernia with surgical treatment were reviewed. The clinical characteristic, treatment and clinical result were evaluated. Results: of the 11 cases that were evaluated, 7 patients underwent open repair of hernia without extra-peritoneal mesh (group A), the other 4 patients underwent open surgery with extra-peritoneal mesh (group B). There were no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index, underlying diseases, symptoms, duration of symptoms, features of hernia sac and method of approach. No recurrence was found in these two groups. The mean follow-up time was 8.5 ± 3.2 (years) in group A and 6.7 ± 2.1 (years) in group B. Conclusions: whether open repair of spigelian hernia with or without extra-peritoneal mesh gives the same and well result.

6. Towards the Measurement of the Mass Modifications of Vector Mesons in a Finite Density Matter

Author

K. Ozawa, K. Aoki, D. Arimizu, S. Ashikaga, W.C. Chang, T. Chujo, K. Ebata, H. En'yo, S. Esumi, H. Hamagaki, R. Honda, M. Ichikawa, S. Kajikawa, K. Kanno, Y. Kimura, A. Kiyomichi, T.K. Kondo, S. Kyan, C.H. Lin, C.S. Lin, Y. Morino, H. Murakami, T.N. Murakami, R. Muto, W. Nakai, S. Nakasuga, M. Naruki, T. Nonaka, H. Noumi, T. Sakaguchi, H. Sako, F. Sakuma, S. Sato, S. Sawada, M. Sekimoto, K. Shigaki, K. Shirotori, H. Sugimura, T.N. Takahashi, Y. Takaura, R. Tatsumi, K. Tsukui, P.H. Wang, K. Yahiro, K.H. Yamaguchi, and S. Yokkaichi

Subjects
General Physics and Astronomy
Published
2022
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8. VISUAL EFFECTS OF OBJECTS UNDER METAMERISM WITH MULTI-SPECTRAL LIGHT SOURCE

Author

Y.M. Li, H. Fan, C.H. Lin, J.U. Chong, and T.X. Lee

Abstract

This study attempts to simulate the metamerism colour, and the guava was used as the target object. We design four sets of metamers with a correlated colour temperature of 4000K and an illuminance of 750lux. The light source was simulated in the LED cube. The subjects with convenience sampling observed the visual effects, including look delicious, colourful, and colour rendering of guava under metamerism, then analysed its relationship with CRI and CQS. The results showed that colour rendering and visual effects are not a positive relationship, and the effect of CQS is closer to the visual effects of the subjects. The results of this study can be used as a reference for light source lighting designers as a basis for improving lighting conditions. In the future, we can collect databases for the different objects with an optimized multi-spectral light source.

Published
2021
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11. sj-pdf-1-jdr-10.1177_0022034521996620 – Supplemental material for Novel REST Truncation Mutations Causing Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis

Author

J.T. Chen, C.H. Lin, H.W. Huang, Y.P. Wang, P.C. Kao, T.P. Yang, and S.K. Wang

Subjects
110599 Dentistry not elsewhere classified, FOS: Materials engineering, FOS: Clinical medicine, 91299 Materials Engineering not elsewhere classified
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-jdr-10.1177_0022034521996620 for Novel REST Truncation Mutations Causing Hereditary Gingival Fibromatosis by J.T. Chen, C.H. Lin, H.W. Huang, Y.P. Wang, P.C. Kao, T.P. Yang and S.K. Wang in Journal of Dental Research

Published
2021
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13. Intravenous alteplase for stroke with unknown time of onset guided by advanced imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author

Götz Thomalla, Florent Boutitie, Henry Ma, Masatoshi Koga, Peter Ringleb, Lee H Schwamm, Ona Wu, Martin Bendszus, Christopher F Bladin, Bruce C V Campbell, Bastian Cheng, Leonid Churilov, Martin Ebinger, Matthias Endres, Jochen B Fiebach, Mayumi Fukuda-Doi, Manabu Inoue, Timothy J Kleinig, Lawrence L Latour, Robin Lemmens, Christopher R Levi, Didier Leys, Kaori Miwa, Carlos A Molina, Keith W Muir, Norbert Nighoghossian, Mark W Parsons, Salvador Pedraza, Peter D Schellinger, Stefan Schwab, Claus Z Simonsen, Shlee S Song, Vincent Thijs, Danilo Toni, Chung Y Hsu, Nils Wahlgren, Haruko Yamamoto, Nawaf Yassi, Sohei Yoshimura, Steven Warach, Werner Hacke, Kazunori Toyoda, Geoffrey A Donnan, Stephen M Davis, Christian Gerloff, Boris Raul Acosta, Karen Aegidius, Christian Albiker, Anna Alegiani, Miriam Almendrote, Angelika Alonso, Katharina Althaus, Pierre Amarenco, Hemasse Amiri, Bettina Anders, Adriana Aniculaesei, Jason Appleton, Juan Arenillas, Christina Back, Christian Bähr, Jürgen Bardutzky, Flore Baronnet-Chauvet, Rouven Bathe-Peters, Anna Bayer-Karpinska, Juan L. Becerra, Christoph Beck, Olga Belchí Guillamon, Amandine Benoit, Nadia Berhoune, Daniela Bindila, Julia Birchenall, Karine Blanc-Lasserre, Miguel Blanco Gonzales, Tobias Bobinger, Ulf Bodechtel, Eric Bodiguel, Urszula Bojaryn, Louise Bonnet, Benjamin Bouamra, Paul Bourgeois, Lorenz Breuer, Ludovic Breynaert, David Broughton, Raf Brouns, Sébastian Brugirard, Bart Bruneel, Florian Buggle, Serkan Cakmak, Ana Calleja, David Calvet, David Carrera, Hsin-Chieh Chen, Bharath Cheripelli, Tae-Hee Cho, Chi-un Choe, Lillian Choy, Hanne Christensen, Mareva Ciatipis, Geoffrey Cloud, Julien Cogez, Elisa Cortijo, Sophie Crozier, Dorte Damgaard, Krishna Dani, Beatrijs De Coene, Isabel De Hollander, Jacques De Keyser, Nina De Klippel, Charlotte De Maeseneire, Ann De Smedt, Maria del Mar Castellanos Rodrigo, Sandrine Deltour, Jelle Demeestere, Laurent Derex, Philippe Desfontaines, Ralf Dittrich, Anand Dixit, Laurens Dobbels, Valérie Domigo, Laura Dorado, Charlotte Druart, Kristina Hougaard Dupont, Anne Dusart, Rainer Dziewas, Matthias Ebner, Myriam Edjali-Goujon, Philipp Eisele, Salwa El Tawil, Ahmed Elhfnawy, Ana Etexberria, Nicholas Evans, Simon Fandler, Franz Fazekas, Sandra Felix, Jochen B. Fiebach, Jens Fiehler, Alexandra Filipov, Katharina Filipski, Robert Fleischmann, Christian Foerch, Ian Ford, Alexandra Gaenslen, Ivana Galinovic, Elena Meseguer Gancedo, Ramanan Ganeshan, Carlos García Esperón, Alicia Garrido, Thomas Gattringer, Olivia Geraghty, Rohat Geran, Stefan Gerner, Sylvie Godon-Hardy, Jos Göhler, Amir Golsari, Meritxell Gomis, David Gorriz, Verena Gramse, Laia Grau, Martin Griebe, Cristina Guerrero, Damla Guerzoglu, Sophie Guettier, Vincent Guiraud, Christoph Gumbinger, Ignaz Gunreben, Florian Haertig, Christian Hametner, Bernard Hanseeuw, Andreas Hansen, Jakob Hansen, Thomas Harbo, Andreas Harloff, Peter Harmel, Karl Georg Häusler, Florian Heinen, Valentin Held, Simon Hellwig, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Michael Hennerici, Juliane Herm, Sylvia Hermans, María Hernández, Jose Hervas Vicente, Niels Hjort, Cristina Hobeanu, Carsten Hobohm, Elmar Höfner, Katharina Hohenbichler, Marc Hommel, Julia Hoppe, Eva Hornberger, Carolin Hoyer, Xuya Huang, Nils Ipsen, Irina Isern, Lourdes Ispierto, Helle Iversen, Lise Jeppesen, Marta Jimenez, Jan Jungehülsing, Eric Jüttler, Dheeraj Kalladka, Bernd Kallmünzer, Arindam Kar, Lars Kellert, André Kemmling, Tobias Kessler, Usman Khan, Matthias Klein, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Matti Klockziem, Michael Knops, Luzie Koehler, Martin Koehrmann, Heinz Kohlfürst, Rainer Kollmar, Peter Kraft, Thomas Krause, Bo Kristensen, Jan M. Kröber, Natalia Kurka, Alexandre Ladoux, Patrice Laloux, Catherine Lamy, Emmanuelle Landrault, Arne Lauer, Claire Lebely, Jonathan Leempoel, Kennedy Lees, Anne Leger, Laurence Legrand, Lin Li, Anna-Mareike Löbbe, Frederic London, Elena Lopez-cancio, Matthias Lorenz, Stephen Louw, Caroline Lovelock, Manuel Lozano Sánchez, Giuseppe Lucente, Janos Lückl, Alain Luna, Kosmas Macha, Alexandre Machet, Daniel Mackenrodt, Dominik Madzar, Charles Majoie, Anika Männer, Vicky Maqueda, Jacob Marstrand, Alicia Martinez, Annika Marzina, Laura Mechthouff, Per Meden, Guy Meersman, Julia Meier, Charles Mellerio, Oliver Menn, Nadja Meyer, Dominik Michalski, Peter Michels, Lene Michelsen, Monica Millán Torne, Jens Minnerup, Boris Modrau, Sebastian Moeller, Anette Møller, Nathalie Morel, Fiona Moreton, Ludovic Morin, Thierry Moulin, Barry Moynihan, Anne K. Mueller, Keith W. Muir, Patricia Mulero, Sibu Mundiyanapurath, Johannes Mutzenbach, Simon Nagel, Oliver Naggara, Arumugam Nallasivan, Irene Navalpotro, Alexander H. Nave, Paul Nederkoorn, Lars Neeb, Hermann Neugebauer, Tobias Neumann-Haefelin, Stefan Oberndorfer, Christian Opherk, Lorenz Oppel, Catherine Oppenheim, Johannes Orthgieß, Leif Ostergaard, Perrine Paindeville, Ernest Palomeras, Verena Panitz, Bhavni Patel, Andre Peeters, Dirk Peeters, Anna Pellisé, Johann Pelz, Anthony Pereira, Natalia Pérez de la Ossa, Richard Perry, Salvador Petraza, Stéphane Peysson, Waltraud Pfeilschifter, Alexander Pichler, Alexandra Pierskalla, Hans-Werner Pledl, Sven Poli, Katrin Pomrehn, Marika Poulsen, Luis Prats, Silvia Presas, Elisabeth Prohaska, Volker Puetz, Josep Puig, Josep Puig Alcántara, Jan Purrucker, Veronique Quenardelle, Sankaranarayanan Ramachandran, Soulliard Raphaelle, Nicolas Raposo, Tilman Reiff, Michel Remmers, Pauline Renou, Martin Ribitsch, Hardy Richter, Martin Ritter, Thomas Ritzenthaler, Gilles Rodier, Christine Rodriguez-Regent, Manuel Rodríguez-Yáñez, Maria Roennefarth, Christine Roffe, Sverre Rosenbaum, Charlotte Rosso, Joachim Röther, Michal Rozanski, Noelia Ruiz de Morales, Francesca Russo, Matthieu Rutgers, Sharmilla Sagnier, Yves Samson, Josep Sánchez, Tamara Sauer, Jan H. Schäfer, Simon Schieber, Josef Schill, Dennis Schlak, Ludwig Schlemm, Sein Schmidt, Wouter Schonewille, Julian Schröder, Andreas Schulz, Johannes Schurig, Sönke Schwarting, Alexander Schwarz, Christopher Schwarzbach, Matthias Seidel, Alexander Seiler, Jochen Sembill, Joaquin Serena Leal, Ashit Shetty, Igor Sibon, Claus Z. Simonsen, Oliver Singer, Aravinth Sivagnanaratham, Ide Smets, Craig Smith, Peter Soors, Nikola Sprigg, Maximilian Spruegel, David Stark, Susanne Steinert, Sebastian Stösser, Markus Stuermlinger, Bart Swinnen, Ruben Tamazyan, Jose Tembl, Mikel Terceno Izaga, Emmanuel Touze, Thomas Truelsen, Guillaume Turc, Gaetane Turine, Serdar Tütüncü, Pippa Tyrell, Xavier Ustrell, Wilfried Vadot, Anne-Evelyne Vallet, Pauline Vallet, Lucie van den Berg, Sophie van den Berg, Cecile van Eendenburg, Robbert-Jan Van Hooff, Isabelle van Sloten, Peter Vanacker, Evelien Vancaester, Patrick Vanderdonckt, Yves Vandermeeren, Frederik Vanhee, Roland Veltkamp, Karsten Vestergaard, Alain Viguier, Dolores Vilas, Kersten Villringer, Dieke Voget, Jörg von Schrader, Paul von Weitzel, Elisabeth Warburton, Claudia Weber, Jörg Weber, Karl Wegscheider, Mirko Wegscheider, Christian Weimar, Karin Weinstich, Christopher Weise, Gesa Weise, Chris Willems, Klemens Winder, Matthias Wittayer, Marc Wolf, Martin Wolf, Valerie Wolff, Christian Wollboldt, Frank Wollenweber, Anke Wouters, Bertrand Yalo, Marion Yger, Nadia Younan, Laetita Yperzeele, Vesna Zegarac, Pia Zeiner, Ulf Ziemann, Thomas Zonneveld, Mathieu Zuber, Tsugio Akutsu, Junya Aoki, Shuji Arakawa, Ryosuke Doijiri, Yusuke Egashira, Yukiko Enomoto, Eisuke Furui, Konosuke Furuta, Seiji Gotoh, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Teryuki Hirano, Kazunari Homma, Masahiko Ichijyo, Toshihiro Ide, Shuichi Igarashi, Yasuyuki Iguchi, Masafumi Ihara, Hajime Ikenouchi, Tsuyoshi Inoue, Ryo Itabashi, Yasuhiro Ito, Toru Iwama, Kenji Kamiyama, Shoko Kamiyoshi, Haruka Kanai, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Takao Kanzawa, Kazumi Kimura, Jiro Kitayama, Takanari Kitazono, Rei Kondo, Kohsuke Kudo, Masayoshi Kusumi, Ken Kuwahara, Shoji Matsumoto, Hideki Matsuoka, Ban Mihara, Kazuo Minematsu, Ken Miura, Naomi Morita, Wataru Mouri, Kayo Murata, Yoshinari Nagakane, Taizen Nakase, Hiromi Ohara, Nobuyuki Ohara, Hideyuki Ohnishi, Hajime Ohta, Masafumi Ohtaki, Ryo Ohtani, Toshiho Ohtsuki, Hideo Ohyama, Takashi Okada, Yasushi Okada, Masato Osaki, Nobuyuki Sakai, Yoshiki Sanbongi, Naoshi Sasaki, Makoto Sasaki, Shoichiro Sato, Kenta Seki, Wataru Shimizu, Yoshiaki Shiokawa, Takashi Sozu, Junichiro Suzuki, Rieko Suzuki, Yasushi Takagi, Shunya Takizawa, Norio Tanahashi, Eijiro Tanaka, Ryota Tanaka, Yohei Tateishi, Tomoaki Terada, Tadashi Terasaki, Kenichi Todo, Azusa Tokunaga, Akira Tsujino, Toshihiro Ueda, Yoshikazu Uesaka, Mihoko Uotani, Takao Urabe, Masao Watanabe, Yoshiki Yagita, Yusuke Yakushiji, Keizo Yasui, Toshiro Yonehara, Shinichi Yoshimura, K. Aarnio, F. Alemseged, C. Anderson, T. Ang, M.L. Archer, J. Attia, P. Bailey, A. Balabanski, A. Barber, P.A. Barber, J. Bernhardt, A. Bivard, D. Blacker, C.F. Bladin, A. Brodtmann, D. Cadilhac, B.C.V. Campbell, L. Carey, S. Celestino, L. Chan, W.H. Chang, A. ChangI, C.H. Chen, C.-I. Chen, H.F. Chen, T.C. Chen, W.H. Chen, Y.Y. Chen, C.A. Cheng, E. Cheong, Y.W. Chiou, P.M. Choi, H.J. Chu, C.S. Chuang, T.C. Chung, L. Churilov, B. Clissold, A. Connelly, S. Coote, B. Coulton, E. Cowley, J. Cranefield, S. Curtze, C. D'Este, S.M. Davis, S. Day, P.M. Desmond, H.M. Dewey, C. Ding, G.A. Donnan, R. Drew, S. Eirola, D. Field, T. Frost, C. Garcia-Esperon, K. George, R. Gerraty, R. Grimley, Y.C. Guo, G. Hankey, J. Harvey, S.C. Ho, K. Hogan, D. Howells, P.M. Hsiao, C.H. Hsu, C.T. Hsu, C.-S. Hsu, J.P. Hsu, Y.D. Hsu, Y.T. Hsu, C.J. Hu, C.C. Huang, H.Y. Huang, M.Y. Huang, S.C. Huang, W.S. Huang, D. Jackson, J.S. Jeng, S.K. Jiang, L. Kaauwai, O. Kasari, J. King, T.J. Kleinig, M. Koivu, J. Kolbe, M. Krause, C.W. Kuan, W.L. Kung, C. Kyndt, C.L. Lau, A. Lee, C.Y. Lee, J.T. Lee, Y. Lee, Y.C. Lee, C. Levi, C.R. Levi, L.M. Lien, J.C. Lim, C.C. Lin, C.H. Lin, C.M. Lin, D. Lin, C.H. Liu, J. Liu, Y.C. Lo, P.S. Loh, E. Low, C.H. Lu, C.J. Lu, M.K. Lu, J. Ly, H. Ma, L. Macaulay, R. Macdonnell, E. Mackey, M. Macleod, J. Mahadevan, V. Maxwell, R. McCoy, A. McDonald, S. McModie, A. Meretoja, S. Mishra, P.J. Mitchell, F. Miteff, A. Moore, C. Muller, F. Ng, F.C. Ng, J-L. Ng, W. O'Brian, V. O'Collins, T.J. Oxley, M.W. Parsons, S. Patel, G.S. Peng, L. Pesavento, T. Phan, E. Rodrigues, Z. Ross, A. Sabet, M. Sallaberger, P. Salvaris, D. Shah, G. Sharma, G. Sibolt, M. Simpson, S. Singhal, B. Snow, N. Spratt, R. Stark, J. Sturm, M.C. Sun, Y. Sun, P.S. Sung, Y.F. Sung, M. Suzuki, M. Tan, S.C. Tang, T. Tatlisumak, V. Thijs, M. Tiainen, C.H. Tsai, C.K. Tsai, C.L. Tsai, H.T. Tsai, L.K. Tsai, C.H. Tseng, L.T. Tseng, J. Tsoleridis, H. Tu, H.T-H. Tu, W. Vallat, J. Virta, W.C. Wang, Y.T. Wang, M. Waters, L. Weir, T. Wijeratne, C. Williams, W. Wilson, A.A. Wong, K. Wong, T.Y. Wu, Y.H. Wu, B. Yan, F.C. Yang, Y.W. Yang, N. Yassi, H.L. Yeh, J.H. Yeh, S.J. Yeh, C.H. Yen, D. Young, C.L. Ysai, W.W. Zhang, H. Zhao, L. Zhao, Katharina Althaus-Knaurer, Jörg Berrouschot, Erich Bluhmki, Paolo Bovi, Gilles Chatellier, Lynda Cove, Stephen Davis, A. Dixit, Geoffrey Donnan, Christina Ehrenkrona, Christoph Eschenfelder, Marc Fatar, Juan Francisco Arenillas, Franz Gruber, Lalit Kala, Peter Kapeller, Markku Kaste, Christof Kessler, Martin Köhrmann, Rico Laage, Kennedy R. Lees, Alain Luna Rodriguez, Jean-Louis Mas, Robert Mikulik, Carlos Molina, Girish Muddegowda, Keith Muir, Kurt Niederkorn, Xavier Nuñez, Peter Schellinger, Joaquin Serena, Jan Sobesky, Thorsten Steiner, Ann-Sofie Svenson, Rüdiger von Kummer, Joanna Wardlaw, Rebecca A. Betensky, Gregoire Boulouis, Raphael A. Carandang, William A. Copen, Pedro Cougo, Shawna Cutting, Kendra Drake, Andria L. Ford, John Hallenbeck, Gordon J. Harris, Robert Hoesch, Amie Hsia, Carlos Kase, Lawrence Latour, Michael H. Lev, Alona Muzikansky, Nandakumar Nagaraja, Lee H. Schwamm, Eric Searls, Shlee S. Song, Sidney Starkman, Albert J. Yoo, Ramin Zand, Universitaetsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf = University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf [Hamburg] (UKE), Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie Evolutive - UMR 5558 (LBBE), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-VetAgro Sup - Institut national d'enseignement supérieur et de recherche en alimentation, santé animale, sciences agronomiques et de l'environnement (VAS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Lyon, Monash University [Melbourne], National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center (NCCC - OSAKA), Osaka University [Osaka], University of Heidelberg, Medical Faculty, Massachusetts General Hospital [Boston], University of Melbourne, Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Royal Adelaide Hospital [Adelaide Australia], National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke [Bethesda] (NINDS), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), University Hospitals Leuven [Leuven], Catholic University of Leuven - Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (KU Leuven), Flanders Make [Leuven], Flanders Make, University of Newcastle [Australia] (UoN), Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Vall d'Hebron University Hospital [Barcelona], University of Glasgow, Cardiovasculaire, métabolisme, diabétologie et nutrition (CarMeN), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon (INSA Lyon), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Girona Biomedical Research Institute [Girona, Spain] (IDIBGI), Ruhr-Universität Bochum [Bochum], Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Aarhus University Hospital, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health [Melbourne, Victoria, Australia], Austin Health, Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome], China Medical University Hospital [Taichung], Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research (WEHI), University of Texas at Austin [Austin], Collaborators Evaluation of unknown Onset Stroke thrombolysis trials (EOS) investigators: Boris Raul Acosta, Karen Aegidius, Christian Albiker, Anna Alegiani, Miriam Almendrote, Angelika Alonso, Katharina Althaus, Pierre Amarenco, Hemasse Amiri, Bettina Anders, Adriana Aniculaesei, Jason Appleton, Juan Arenillas, Christina Back, Christian Bähr, Jürgen Bardutzky, Flore Baronnet-Chauvet, Rouven Bathe-Peters, Anna Bayer-Karpinska, Juan L Becerra, Christoph Beck, Olga Belchí Guillamon, Amandine Benoit, Nadia Berhoune, Daniela Bindila, Julia Birchenall, Karine Blanc-Lasserre, Miguel Blanco Gonzales, Tobias Bobinger, Ulf Bodechtel, Eric Bodiguel, Urszula Bojaryn, Louise Bonnet, Benjamin Bouamra, Paul Bourgeois, Florent Boutitie, Lorenz Breuer, Ludovic Breynaert, David Broughton, Raf Brouns, Sébastian Brugirard, Bart Bruneel, Florian Buggle, Serkan Cakmak, Ana Calleja, David Calvet, David Carrera, Hsin-Chieh Chen, Bastian Cheng, Bharath Cheripelli, Tae-Hee Cho, Chi-Un Choe, Lillian Choy, Hanne Christensen, Mareva Ciatipis, Geoffrey Cloud, Julien Cogez, Elisa Cortijo, Sophie Crozier, Dorte Damgaard, Krishna Dani, Beatrijs De Coene, Isabel De Hollander, Jacques De Keyser, Nina De Klippel, Charlotte De Maeseneire, Ann De Smedt, Maria Del Mar Castellanos Rodrigo, Sandrine Deltour, Jelle Demeestere, Laurent Derex, Philippe Desfontaines, Ralf Dittrich, Anand Dixit, Laurens Dobbels, Valérie Domigo, Laura Dorado, Charlotte Druart, Kristina Hougaard Dupont, Anne Dusart, Rainer Dziewas, Martin Ebinger, Matthias Ebner, Myriam Edjali-Goujon, Philipp Eisele, Salwa El Tawil, Ahmed Elhfnawy, Matthias Endres, Ana Etexberria, Nicholas Evans, Simon Fandler, Franz Fazekas, Sandra Felix, Jochen B Fiebach, Jens Fiehler, Alexandra Filipov, Katharina Filipski, Robert Fleischmann, Christian Foerch, Ian Ford, Alexandra Gaenslen, Ivana Galinovic, Elena Meseguer Gancedo, Ramanan Ganeshan, Carlos García Esperón, Alicia Garrido, Thomas Gattringer, Olivia Geraghty, Rohat Geran, Christian Gerloff, Stefan Gerner, Sylvie Godon-Hardy, Jos Göhler, Amir Golsari, Meritxell Gomis, David Gorriz, Verena Gramse, Laia Grau, Martin Griebe, Cristina Guerrero, Damla Guerzoglu, Sophie Guettier, Vincent Guiraud, Christoph Gumbinger, Ignaz Gunreben, Florian Haertig, Christian Hametner, Bernard Hanseeuw, Andreas Hansen, Jakob Hansen, Thomas Harbo, Andreas Harloff, Peter Harmel, Karl Georg Häusler, Florian Heinen, Valentin Held, Simon Hellwig, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Michael Hennerici, Juliane Herm, Sylvia Hermans, María Hernández, Jose Hervas Vicente, Niels Hjort, Cristina Hobeanu, Carsten Hobohm, Elmar Höfner, Katharina Hohenbichler, Marc Hommel, Julia Hoppe, Eva Hornberger, Carolin Hoyer, Xuya Huang, Nils Ipsen, Irina Isern, Lourdes Ispierto, Helle Iversen, Lise Jeppesen, Marta Jimenez, Jan Jungehülsing, Eric Jüttler, Dheeraj Kalladka, Bernd Kallmünzer, Arindam Kar, Lars Kellert, André Kemmling, Tobias Kessler, Usman Khan, Matthias Klein, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Matti Klockziem, Michael Knops, Luzie Koehler, Martin Koehrmann, Heinz Kohlfürst, Rainer Kollmar, Peter Kraft, Thomas Krause, Bo Kristensen, Jan M Kröber, Natalia Kurka, Alexandre Ladoux, Patrice Laloux, Catherine Lamy, Emmanuelle Landrault, Arne Lauer, Claire Lebely, Jonathan Leempoel, Kennedy Lees, Anne Leger, Laurence Legrand, Robin Lemmens, Lin Li, Anna-Mareike Löbbe, Frederic London, Elena Lopez-Cancio, Matthias Lorenz, Stephen Louw, Caroline Lovelock, Manuel Lozano Sánchez, Giuseppe Lucente, Janos Lückl, Alain Luna, Kosmas Macha, Alexandre Machet, Daniel Mackenrodt, Dominik Madzar, Charles Majoie, Anika Männer, Vicky Maqueda, Jacob Marstrand, Alicia Martinez, Annika Marzina, Laura Mechthouff, Per Meden, Guy Meersman, Julia Meier, Charles Mellerio, Oliver Menn, Nadja Meyer, Dominik Michalski, Peter Michels, Lene Michelsen, Monica Millán Torne, Jens Minnerup, Boris Modrau, Sebastian Moeller, Anette Møller, Nathalie Morel, Fiona Moreton, Ludovic Morin, Thierry Moulin, Barry Moynihan, Anne K Mueller, Keith W Muir, Patricia Mulero, Sibu Mundiyanapurath, Johannes Mutzenbach, Simon Nagel, Oliver Naggara, Arumugam Nallasivan, Irene Navalpotro, Alexander H Nave, Paul Nederkoorn, Lars Neeb, Hermann Neugebauer, Tobias Neumann-Haefelin, Norbert Nighoghossian, Stefan Oberndorfer, Christian Opherk, Lorenz Oppel, Catherine Oppenheim, Johannes Orthgieß, Leif Ostergaard, Perrine Paindeville, Ernest Palomeras, Verena Panitz, Bhavni Patel, Andre Peeters, Dirk Peeters, Anna Pellisé, Johann Pelz, Anthony Pereira, Natalia Pérez de la Ossa, Richard Perry, Salvador Petraza, Stéphane Peysson, Waltraud Pfeilschifter, Alexander Pichler, Alexandra Pierskalla, Hans-Werner Pledl, Sven Poli, Katrin Pomrehn, Marika Poulsen, Luis Prats, Silvia Presas, Elisabeth Prohaska, Volker Puetz, Josep Puig, Josep Puig Alcántara, Jan Purrucker, Veronique Quenardelle, Sankaranarayanan Ramachandran, Soulliard Raphaelle, Nicolas Raposo, Tilman Reiff, Michel Remmers, Pauline Renou, Martin Ribitsch, Hardy Richter, Peter Ringleb, Martin Ritter, Thomas Ritzenthaler, Gilles Rodier, Christine Rodriguez-Regent, Manuel Rodríguez-Yáñez, Maria Roennefarth, Christine Roffe, Sverre Rosenbaum, Charlotte Rosso, Joachim Röther, Michal Rozanski, Noelia Ruiz de Morales, Francesca Russo, Matthieu Rutgers, Sharmilla Sagnier, Yves Samson, Josep Sánchez, Tamara Sauer, Jan H Schäfer, Simon Schieber, Josef Schill, Dennis Schlak, Ludwig Schlemm, Sein Schmidt, Wouter Schonewille, Julian Schröder, Andreas Schulz, Johannes Schurig, Sönke Schwarting, Alexander Schwarz, Christopher Schwarzbach, Matthias Seidel, Alexander Seiler, Jochen Sembill, Joaquin Serena Leal, Ashit Shetty, Igor Sibon, Claus Z Simonsen, Oliver Singer, Aravinth Sivagnanaratham, Ide Smets, Craig Smith, Peter Soors, Nikola Sprigg, Maximilian Spruegel, David Stark, Susanne Steinert, Sebastian Stösser, Markus Stuermlinger, Bart Swinnen, Ruben Tamazyan, Jose Tembl, Mikel Terceno Izaga, Vincent Thijs, Götz Thomalla, Emmanuel Touze, Thomas Truelsen, Guillaume Turc, Gaetane Turine, Serdar Tütüncü, Pippa Tyrell, Xavier Ustrell, Wilfried Vadot, Anne-Evelyne Vallet, Pauline Vallet, Lucie van den Berg, Sophie van den Berg, Cecile van Eendenburg, Robbert-Jan Van Hooff, Isabelle van Sloten, Peter Vanacker, Evelien Vancaester, Patrick Vanderdonckt, Yves Vandermeeren, Frederik Vanhee, Roland Veltkamp, Karsten Vestergaard, Alain Viguier, Dolores Vilas, Kersten Villringer, Dieke Voget, Jörg von Schrader, Paul von Weitzel, Elisabeth Warburton, Claudia Weber, Jörg Weber, Karl Wegscheider, Mirko Wegscheider, Christian Weimar, Karin Weinstich, Christopher Weise, Gesa Weise, Chris Willems, Klemens Winder, Matthias Wittayer, Marc Wolf, Martin Wolf, Valerie Wolff, Christian Wollboldt, Frank Wollenweber, Anke Wouters, Bertrand Yalo, Marion Yger, Nadia Younan, Laetita Yperzeele, Vesna Zegarac, Pia Zeiner, Ulf Ziemann, Thomas Zonneveld, Mathieu Zuber, Tsugio Akutsu, Junya Aoki, Junya Aoki, Shuji Arakawa, Ryosuke Doijiri, Yusuke Egashira, Yukiko Enomoto, Mayumi Fukuda-Doi, Eisuke Furui, Konosuke Furuta, Seiji Gotoh, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Teryuki Hirano, Kazunari Homma, Masahiko Ichijyo, Toshihiro Ide, Shuichi Igarashi, Yasuyuki Iguchi, Masafumi Ihara, Hajime Ikenouchi, Manabu Inoue, Tsuyoshi Inoue, Ryo Itabashi, Yasuhiro Ito, Toru Iwama, Kenji Kamiyama, Shoko Kamiyoshi, Haruka Kanai, Yasuhisa Kanematsu, Takao Kanzawa, Kazumi Kimura, Jiro Kitayama, Takanari Kitazono, Masatoshi Koga, Rei Kondo, Kohsuke Kudo, Masayoshi Kusumi, Ken Kuwahara, Shoji Matsumoto, Hideki Matsuoka, Ban Mihara, Kazuo Minematsu, Ken Miura, Kaori Miwa, Naomi Morita, Wataru Mouri, Kayo Murata, Yoshinari Nagakane, Taizen Nakase, Hiromi Ohara, Nobuyuki Ohara, Hideyuki Ohnishi, Hajime Ohta, Masafumi Ohtaki, Ryo Ohtani, Toshiho Ohtsuki, Hideo Ohyama, Takashi Okada, Yasushi Okada, Masato Osaki, Nobuyuki Sakai, Yoshiki Sanbongi, Naoshi Sasaki, Makoto Sasaki, Shoichiro Sato, Kenta Seki, Wataru Shimizu, Yoshiaki Shiokawa, Takashi Sozu, Junichiro Suzuki, Rieko Suzuki, Yasushi Takagi, Shunya Takizawa, Norio Tanahashi, Eijiro Tanaka, Ryota Tanaka, Yohei Tateishi, Tomoaki Terada, Tadashi Terasaki, Kenichi Todo, Azusa Tokunaga, Kazunori Toyoda, Akira Tsujino, Toshihiro Ueda, Yoshikazu Uesaka, Mihoko Uotani, Takao Urabe, Masao Watanabe, Yoshiki Yagita, Yusuke Yakushiji, Haruko Yamamoto, Keizo Yasui, Toshiro Yonehara, Sohei Yoshimura, Shinichi Yoshimura, K Aarnio, F Alemseged, C Anderson, T Ang, M L Archer, J Attia, P Bailey, A Balabanski, A Barber, P A Barber, J Bernhardt, A Bivard, D Blacker, C F Bladin, A Brodtmann, D Cadilhac, B C V Campbell, L Carey, S Celestino, L Chan, W H Chang, A ChangI, C H Chen, C-I Chen, H F Chen, T C Chen, W H Chen, Y Y Chen, C A Cheng, E Cheong, Y W Chiou, P M Choi, H J Chu, C S Chuang, T C Chung, L Churilov, B Clissold, A Connelly, S Coote, B Coulton, E Cowley, J Cranefield, S Curtze, C D'Este, S M Davis, S Day, P M Desmond, H M Dewey, C Ding, G A Donnan, R Drew, S Eirola, D Field, T Frost, C Garcia-Esperon, K George, R Gerraty, R Grimley, Y C Guo, G Hankey, J Harvey, S C Ho, K Hogan, D Howells, P M Hsiao, C H Hsu, C T Hsu, C-S Hsu, J P Hsu, Y D Hsu, Y T Hsu, C J Hu, C C Huang, H Y Huang, M Y Huang, S C Huang, W S Huang, D Jackson, J S Jeng, S K Jiang, L Kaauwai, O Kasari, J King, T J Kleinig, M Koivu, J Kolbe, M Krause, C W Kuan, W L Kung, C Kyndt, C L Lau, A Lee, C Y Lee, J T Lee, Y Lee, Y C Lee, C Levi, C R Levi, L M Lien, J C Lim, C C Lin, C H Lin, C M Lin, D Lin, C H Liu, J Liu, Y C Lo, P S Loh, E Low, C H Lu, C J Lu, M K Lu, J Ly, H Ma, L Macaulay, R Macdonnell, E Mackey, M Macleod, J Mahadevan, V Maxwell, R McCoy, A McDonald, S McModie, A Meretoja, S Mishra, P J Mitchell, F Miteff, A Moore, C Muller, F Ng, F C Ng, J-L Ng, W O'Brian, V O'Collins, T J Oxley, M W Parsons, S Patel, G S Peng, L Pesavento, T Phan, E Rodrigues, Z Ross, A Sabet, M Sallaberger, P Salvaris, D Shah, G Sharma, G Sibolt, M Simpson, S Singhal, B Snow, N Spratt, R Stark, J Sturm, M C Sun, Y Sun, P S Sung, Y F Sung, M Suzuki, M Tan, S C Tang, T Tatlisumak, V Thijs, M Tiainen, C H Tsai, C K Tsai, C L Tsai, H T Tsai, L K Tsai, C H Tseng, L T Tseng, J Tsoleridis, H Tu, H T-H Tu, W Vallat, J Virta, W C Wang, Y T Wang, M Waters, L Weir, T Wijeratne, C Williams, W Wilson, A A Wong, K Wong, T Y Wu, Y H Wu, B Yan, F C Yang, Y W Yang, N Yassi, H L Yeh, J H Yeh, S J Yeh, C H Yen, D Young, C L Ysai, W W Zhang, H Zhao, L Zhao, Katharina Althaus-Knaurer, Martin Bendszus, Jörg Berrouschot, Erich Bluhmki, Paolo Bovi, Gilles Chatellier, Lynda Cove, Stephen Davis, A Dixit, Geoffrey Donnan, Rainer Dziewas, Christina Ehrenkrona, Christoph Eschenfelder, Marc Fatar, Juan Francisco Arenillas, Franz Gruber, Werner Hacke, Lalit Kala, Peter Kapeller, Markku Kaste, Christof Kessler, Martin Köhrmann, Rico Laage, Kennedy R Lees, Didier Leys, Alain Luna Rodriguez, Jean-Louis Mas, Robert Mikulik, Carlos Molina, Girish Muddegowda, Keith Muir, Kurt Niederkorn, Xavier Nuñez, Catherine Oppenheim, Sven Poli, Peter Ringleb, Peter Schellinger, Stefan Schwab, Joaquin Serena, Jan Sobesky, Thorsten Steiner, Ann-Sofie Svenson, Danilo Toni, Roland Veltkamp, Rüdiger von Kummer, Nils Wahlgren, Joanna Wardlaw, Rebecca A Betensky, Gregoire Boulouis, Raphael A Carandang, William A Copen, Pedro Cougo, Shawna Cutting, Kendra Drake, Andria L Ford, John Hallenbeck, Gordon J Harris, Robert Hoesch, Amie Hsia, Carlos Kase, Lawrence Latour, Arne Lauer, Michael H Lev, Alona Muzikansky, Nandakumar Nagaraja, Lee H Schwamm, Eric Searls, Shlee S Song, Sidney Starkman, Steven Warach, Ona Wu, Albert J Yoo, Ramin Zand, University of Newcastle [Callaghan, Australia] (UoN), Université de Lyon-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées (INSA)-Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi di Roma 'La Sapienza' = Sapienza University [Rome] (UNIROMA), Troubles cognitifs dégénératifs et vasculaires - U 1171 - EA 1046 (TCDV), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille, Droit et Santé-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), CarMeN, laboratoire, Yperzeele, Laetitia, Evaluation of Unknown Onset Stroke Thrombolysis trials (EOS) investigators, UCL - SSS/IONS - Institute of NeuroScience, UCL - (MGD) Service de neurologie, Supporting clinical sciences, UZB Other, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Clinical sciences, Neuroprotection & Neuromodulation, Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, ANS - Neurovascular Disorders, Neurology, ACS - Atherosclerosis & ischemic syndromes, Graduate School, Center of Experimental and Molecular Medicine, ACS - Pulmonary hypertension & thrombosis, and ACS - Microcirculation

Subjects
medicine.medical_treatment, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Ischemic Stroke/*diagnostic imaging/*drug therapy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods, Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Ischemic Stroke/diagnostic imaging, surgery, 0302 clinical medicine, Modified Rankin Scale, 030212 general & internal medicine, 10. No inequality, Infusions, Intravenous, Stroke, Tomography, Time-to-Treatment, General Medicine, Thrombolysis, X-Ray Computed/methods, Tissue Plasminogen Activator/adverse effects, 3. Good health, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods, Treatment Outcome, Meta-analysis, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Intravenous, medicine.medical_specialty, Infusions, Intravenous thrombolysis, Neuroimaging, Neuroscience(all), Placebo, Tissue Plasminogen Activator/adverse effects/*therapeutic use, 03 medical and health sciences, Fibrinolytic Agents, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, ddc:610, Ischemic Stroke, business.industry, neurology, Fibrinolytic Agents/adverse effects, Odds ratio, Recovery of Function, medicine.disease, Clinical research, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Human medicine, business, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Fibrinolytic agent
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Patients who have had a stroke with unknown time of onset have been previously excluded from thrombolysis. We aimed to establish whether intravenous alteplase is safe and effective in such patients when salvageable tissue has been identified with imaging biomarkers. METHODS: We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data for trials published before Sept 21, 2020. Randomised trials of intravenous alteplase versus standard of care or placebo in adults with stroke with unknown time of onset with perfusion-diffusion MRI, perfusion CT, or MRI with diffusion weighted imaging-fluid attenuated inversion recovery (DWI-FLAIR) mismatch were eligible. The primary outcome was favourable functional outcome (score of 0-1 on the modified Rankin Scale [mRS]) at 90 days indicating no disability using an unconditional mixed-effect logistic-regression model fitted to estimate the treatment effect. Secondary outcomes were mRS shift towards a better functional outcome and independent outcome (mRS 0-2) at 90 days. Safety outcomes included death, severe disability or death (mRS score 4-6), and symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage. This study is registered with PROSPERO, CRD42020166903. FINDINGS: Of 249 identified abstracts, four trials met our eligibility criteria for inclusion: WAKE-UP, EXTEND, THAWS, and ECASS-4. The four trials provided individual patient data for 843 individuals, of whom 429 (51%) were assigned to alteplase and 414 (49%) to placebo or standard care. A favourable outcome occurred in 199 (47%) of 420 patients with alteplase and in 160 (39%) of 409 patients among controls (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·49 [95% CI 1·10-2·03]; p=0·011), with low heterogeneity across studies (I(2)=27%). Alteplase was associated with a significant shift towards better functional outcome (adjusted common OR 1·38 [95% CI 1·05-1·80]; p=0·019), and a higher odds of independent outcome (adjusted OR 1·50 [1·06-2·12]; p=0·022). In the alteplase group, 90 (21%) patients were severely disabled or died (mRS score 4-6), compared with 102 (25%) patients in the control group (adjusted OR 0·76 [0·52-1·11]; p=0·15). 27 (6%) patients died in the alteplase group and 14 (3%) patients died among controls (adjusted OR 2·06 [1·03-4·09]; p=0·040). The prevalence of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage was higher in the alteplase group than among controls (11 [3%] vs two [\textless1%], adjusted OR 5·58 [1·22-25·50]; p=0·024). INTERPRETATION: In patients who have had a stroke with unknown time of onset with a DWI-FLAIR or perfusion mismatch, intravenous alteplase resulted in better functional outcome at 90 days than placebo or standard care. A net benefit was observed for all functional outcomes despite an increased risk of symptomatic intracranial haemorrhage. Although there were more deaths with alteplase than placebo, there were fewer cases of severe disability or death. FUNDING: None.

Published
2020
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18. Multilayer RDL Interposer for Heterogeneous Device and Module Integration

Author

Szu-Ying Chen, C.H. Lin, Chia-Kuei Hsu, Po-Yao Lin, T.M. Lai, Pravin Kavle, C.T. Yu, T. J. Fang, Yi-Hang Lin, Ming-Chih Yew, Kuang-Chun Lee, M.S. Liu, Hsu Feng-Cheng, Shin-Puu Jeng, and Ching-Fang Chen

Subjects
Flexibility (engineering), Interconnection, Computer science, 02 engineering and technology, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, Signal, 020202 computer hardware & architecture, Power (physics), System in package, Reliability (semiconductor), 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Interposer, Electronic engineering, 0210 nano-technology, Scaling
Abstract

in this paper, we demonstrate a high density heterogeneous large package using a RDL interposer with six interconnection layers. Four Si chiplets and two HBM modules are connected with fine pitch copper lines to deliver a complete system-in-package solution for high performance computation. The multilayer interconnections provide excellent design flexibility to optimize signal, power, and ground planes. The RDL interposer has generic structural advantages in interconnection integrity and bump joint reliability, which allows further scaling up of The package size for more complicated functional integration.

Published
2019
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19. Extending thrombolysis to 4·5–9 h and wake-up stroke using perfusion imaging. a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data

Author

Bruce C V Campbell, Henry Ma, Peter A Ringleb, Mark W Parsons, Leonid Churilov, Martin Bendszus, Christopher R Levi, Chung Hsu, Timothy J Kleinig, Marc Fatar, Didier Leys, Carlos Molina, Tissa Wijeratne, Sami Curtze, Helen M Dewey, P Alan Barber, Kenneth S Butcher, Deidre A De Silva, Christopher F Bladin, Nawaf Yassi, Johannes A R Pfaff, Gagan Sharma, Andrew Bivard, Patricia M Desmond, Stefan Schwab, Peter D Schellinger, Bernard Yan, Peter J Mitchell, Joaquín Serena, Danilo Toni, Vincent Thijs, Werner Hacke, Stephen M Davis, Geoffrey A Donnan, Geoffrey A. Donnan, Stephen M. Davis, Bruce C.V. Campbell, Mark W. Parsons, Peter J. Mitchell, Patricia M. Desmond, Thomas Oxley, Teddy Y. Wu, Darshan Shah, Henry Zhao, Edrich Rodrigues, Patrick Salvaris, Fana Alemseged, Felix Ng, Cameron Williams, Jo-Lyn Ng, Hans T-H. Tu, Amy McDonald, David Jackson, Jessica Tsoleridis, Rachael McCoy, Lauren Pesavento, Louise Weir, Timothy J. Kleinig, S. Patel, J. Harvey, J. Mahadevan, E. Cheong, Anna Balabanski, Michael Waters, Roy Drew, Jennifer Cranefield, Elizabeth Mackey, Sherisse Celestino, Essie Low, Helen M. Dewey, Christopher F. Bladin, Poh Sien Loh, Philip M. Choi, Skye Coote, Tanya Frost, K. Hogan, C. Ding, S. McModie, W.W. Zhang, Christopher Kyndt, A. Moore, Z. Ross, J. Liu, Ferdinand Miteff, Christopher R. Levi, Timothy Ang, Neil Spratt, Carlos Garcia-Esperon, Lara Kaauwai, Thanh G. Phan, John Ly, Shaloo Singhal, Benjamin Clissold, Kitty Wong, Martin Krause, Susan Day, Jonathan Sturm, Bill O'Brian, Rohan Grimley, Marion Simpson, Matthew Lee-Archer, Amy Brodtmann, Bronwyn Coulton, Dennis Young, Andrew A. Wong, Claire Muller, Deborah K. Field, W. Vallat, Vanessa Maxwell, Peter Bailey, Arman Sabet, Sachin Mishra, Meng Tan, K. George, P. Alan Barber, L. Zhao, Atte Meretoja, Turgut Tatlisumak, G. Sibolt, M. Tiainen, M. Koivu, K. Aarnio, J. Virta, O. Kasari, S. Eirola, M.C. Sun, T.C. Chen, C.S. Chuang, Y.Y. Chen, C.M. Lin, S.C. Ho, P.M. Hsiao, C.H. Tsai, W.S. Huang, Y.W. Yang, H.Y. Huang, W.C. Wang, C.H. Liu, M.K. Lu, C.H. Lu, W.L. Kung, S.K. Jiang, Y.H. Wu, S.C. Huang, C.H. Tseng, L.T. Tseng, Y.C. Guo, D. Lin, C.T. Hsu, C.W. Kuan, J.P. Hsu, H.T. Tsai, M. Suzuki, Y. Sun, H.F. Chen, C.J. Lu, C.H. Lin, C.C. Huang, H.J. Chu, C.Y. Lee, W.H. Chang, Y.C. Lo, Y.T. Hsu, C.H. Chen, P.S. Sung, C.L. Ysai, J.S. Jeng, S.C. Tang, L.K. Tsai, S.J. Yeh, Y.C. Lee, Y.T. Wang, T.C. Chung, C.J. Hu, L. Chan, Y.W. Chiou, L.M. Lien, H.L. Yeh, J.H. Yeh, W.H. Chen, C.L. Lau, A. Chang, I.Y. Lee, M.Y. Huang, J.T. Lee, G.S. Peng, J.C. Lim, Y.D. Hsu, C.C. Lin, C.A. Cheng, C.H. Yen, F.C. Yang, C.H. Hsu, Y.F. Sung, C.K. Tsai, C.L. Tsai, A. Lee, Graeme Hankey, David Blacker, Richard Gerraty, C-I. Chen, C-S. Hsu, Elise Cowley, Michele Sallaberger, Barry Snow, John Kolbe, Richard Stark, John King, Richard Macdonnell, John Attia, Catherine D'Este, Julie Bernhardt, Leeanne Carey, Dominique Cadilhac, Craig Anderson, David Howells, A. Barber, Alan Connelly, Malcolm Macleod, Victoria O'Collins, W. Wilson, L. Macaulay, Erich Bluhmki, Christoph Eschenfelder, Peter Ringleb, Peter Schellinger, Nils Wahlgren, Joanna Wardlaw, Catherine Oppenheim, Kennedy R. Lees, Markku Kaste, Rüdiger von Kummer, Gilles Chatellier, Rico Laage, Xavier Nuñez, Christina Ehrenkrona, Ann-Sofie Svenson, Lynda Cove, Kurt Niederkorn, Franz Gruber, Peter Kapeller, Robert Mikulik, Jean-Louis Mas, Jörg Berrouschot, Jan Sobesky, Martin Köhrmann, Thorsten Steiner, Christof Kessler, Rainer Dziewas, Sven Poli, Katharina Althaus-Knaurer, Paolo Bovi, Alain L. Rodriguez, Juan F. Arenillas, Keith Muir, Roland Veltkamp, Anand Dixit, Girish Muddegowda, Lalit Kala, Deidre A. De Silva, Kenneth S. Butcher, G. Byrnes, Andre Peeters, J.B. Chalk, John N. Fink, Thomas E. Kimber, David Schultz, Peter J. Hand, Judith Frayne, Brian M. Tress, John McNeil, R. Burns, C. Johnston, and M. Williams

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, acute ischemic stroke, thrombolysis, Perfusion Imaging, medicine.medical_treatment, Perfusion scanning, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Placebo, Brain Ischemia, Time-to-Treatment, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Fibrinolytic Agents, Modified Rankin Scale, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Thrombolytic Therapy, rt-pa, 030212 general & internal medicine, Stroke, Cerebral Hemorrhage, business.industry, General Medicine, Odds ratio, Thrombolysis, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, meta-analysis, Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Treatment Outcome, Tissue Plasminogen Activator, Meta-analysis, acute stroke therapy, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, business, Fibrinolytic agent
Abstract

Stroke thrombolysis with alteplase is currently recommended 0-4·5 h after stroke onset. We aimed to determine whether perfusion imaging can identify patients with salvageable brain tissue with symptoms 4·5 h or more from stroke onset or with symptoms on waking who might benefit from thrombolysis.In this systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data, we searched PubMed for randomised trials published in English between Jan 1, 2006, and March 1, 2019. We also reviewed the reference list of a previous systematic review of thrombolysis and searched ClinicalTrials.gov for interventional studies of ischaemic stroke. Studies of alteplase versus placebo in patients (aged ≥18 years) with ischaemic stroke treated more than 4·5 h after onset, or with wake-up stroke, who were imaged with perfusion-diffusion MRI or CT perfusion were eligible for inclusion. The primary outcome was excellent functional outcome (modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 0-1) at 3 months, adjusted for baseline age and clinical severity. Safety outcomes were death and symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage. We calculated odds ratios, adjusted for baseline age and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, using mixed-effects logistic regression models. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019128036.We identified three trials that met eligibility criteria: EXTEND, ECASS4-EXTEND, and EPITHET. Of the 414 patients included in the three trials, 213 (51%) were assigned to receive alteplase and 201 (49%) were assigned to receive placebo. Overall, 211 patients in the alteplase group and 199 patients in the placebo group had mRS assessment data at 3 months and thus were included in the analysis of the primary outcome. 76 (36%) of 211 patients in the alteplase group and 58 (29%) of 199 patients in the placebo group had achieved excellent functional outcome at 3 months (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·86, 95% CI 1·15-2·99, p=0·011). Symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage was more common in the alteplase group than the placebo group (ten [5%] of 213 patients vs one [1%] of 201 patients in the placebo group; adjusted OR 9·7, 95% CI 1·23-76·55, p=0·031). 29 (14%) of 213 patients in the alteplase group and 18 (9%) of 201 patients in the placebo group died (adjusted OR 1·55, 0·81-2·96, p=0·66).Patients with ischaemic stroke 4·5-9 h from stroke onset or wake-up stroke with salvageable brain tissue who were treated with alteplase achieved better functional outcomes than did patients given placebo. The rate of symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage was higher with alteplase, but this increase did not negate the overall net benefit of thrombolysis.None.

Published
2019

20. Developing manufacturing flexibility through supply chain activities: evidence from the motherboard industry

Author

Chen-Lung Yang, C.H. Lin, and Chwen Sheu

Subjects
Logistics -- Research, Industrial suppliers -- Research, Business, Business, general
Abstract

A study was conducted to extend the knowledge of manufacturing flexibility with regard to its integration with supply chain activities. The relationship between supplier collaboration and manufacturing flexibility in the motherboard industry was examined. Findings show that supplier collaboration influences the development of a company's manufacturing flexibility.

Published
2007

21. Cost-effectiveness analysis of the mobile phone manufacturing sector by using a novel fuzzy multi-objective programming model

Author

C. C. Wu, T. S. Su, and C.H. Lin

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Engineering, Operations research, Relation (database), Process (engineering), business.industry, Cost effectiveness, General Engineering, 02 engineering and technology, Fuzzy logic, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, Production planning, Order (business), Mobile phone, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, 020201 artificial intelligence & image processing, business, Simulation, Membership function
Abstract

This work presents a novel fuzzy multi-objective programming (FMOP) model with a modified S-curve membership function capable of solving integrated multi-component, multi-supplier, and multi-time-period production planning problems by using fuzzy objectives for the mobile phone manufacturing sector. The proposed model attempts to minimize total manufacturing, total inventory holding and total penalty costs simultaneously in relation to manufacturer/supplier capacity and warehouse space. Additionally, the proposed model provides a systematic means of facilitating the fuzzy decision-making process, enabling decision makers to interactively adjust the search direction during the solution procedure in order to obtain the preferred satisfactory solution of a decision maker (DM). Moreover, adequacy of the proposed model is demonstrated, based on an implementation design involving several scenarios of manufacturing production system for mobile phones. Analytical results provide a valuable reference for decision managers attempting to more thoroughly understand the systematic analysis and potential of cost-effective production planning.

Published
2016
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22. Combined Anti‐CD154/CTLA4Ig Costimulation Blockade‐Based Therapy Induces Donor‐Specific Tolerance to Vascularized Osteomyocutaneous Allografts

Author

C.H. Lin, Y.L. Wang, M.R. Anggelia, W.Y. Chuang, H.Y. Cheng, Q. Mao, J.A. Zelken, X.X. Zheng, W.P.A. Lee, and G. Brandacher

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Graft Rejection, Male, 0301 basic medicine, Transplantation Conditioning, medicine.medical_treatment, CD40 Ligand, 030230 surgery, Pharmacology, Skin Diseases, Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation, Immune tolerance, Abatacept, Mice, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Immune Tolerance, medicine, Animals, Immunology and Allergy, Pharmacology (medical), CD154, Bone Marrow Transplantation, Sirolimus, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Mice, Inbred C3H, Transplantation, business.industry, Graft Survival, Immunosuppression, Allografts, Myocutaneous Flap, Tissue Donors, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Tolerance induction, 030104 developmental biology, medicine.anatomical_structure, Immunology, Bone marrow, Stem cell, business, Immunosuppressive Agents, medicine.drug
Abstract

Tolerance induction by means of costimulation blockade has been successfully applied in solid organ transplantation; however, its efficacy in vascularized composite allotransplantation, containing a vascularized bone marrow component and thus a constant source of donor-derived stem cells, remains poorly explored. In this study, osteomyocutaneous allografts (alloOMCs) from Balb/c (H2(d) ) mice were transplanted into C57BL/6 (H2(b) ) recipients. Immunosuppression consisted of 1 mg anti-CD154 on day 0, 0.5 mg CTLA4Ig on day 2 and rapamycin (RPM; 3 mg/kg per day from days 0-7, then every other day for 3 weeks). Long-term allograft survival, donor-specific tolerance and donor-recipient cell trafficking were evaluated. Treatment with costimulation blockade plus RPM resulted in long-term graft survival (>120 days) of alloOMC in 12 of 15 recipients compared with untreated controls (median survival time [MST] ≈10.2 ± 0.8 days), RPM alone (MST ≈33 ± 5.5 days) and costimulation blockade alone (MST ≈45.8 ± 7.1 days). Donor-specific hyporesponsiveness in recipients with viable grafts was demonstrated in vitro. Evidence of donor-specific tolerance was further assessed in vivo by secondary donor-specific skin graft survival and third-party graft rejection. A significant increase of Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells was evident in tolerant animals. Donor cells populated peripheral blood, thymus, and both donor and recipient bone marrow. Consequently, combined anti-CD154/CTLA4Ig costimulation blockade-based therapy induces donor-specific tolerance in a stringent murine alloOMC transplant model.

Published
2016
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23. Investigating thermal mixing and reverse flow characteristics in a T-junction using CFD methodology

Author

Y.M. Ferng and C.H. Lin

Subjects
Engineering, Piping, business.industry, K-epsilon turbulence model, Turbulence, 020209 energy, Flow (psychology), Turbulence modeling, Energy Engineering and Power Technology, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, Mechanics, K-omega turbulence model, Computational fluid dynamics, 01 natural sciences, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Volumetric flow rate, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, 0103 physical sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, business
Abstract

A three-dimensional (3-D) computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology is developed to simulate the thermal mixing and reverse flow characteristics in an in-house T-junction. Different steady-state turbulence models are adopted in the simulations and assessed against the measured data of temperature distributions at various cross-sections of the main pipe. The unsteady-state turbulence models may be suitable for resolving the amplitude and frequency of temperature oscillation in a T-junction. However, T-junctions are just one component in an entire complex piping system. The steady-state turbulence models therefore attract some interest for T-junction simulations in engineering applications. Two cases, with the flowrate combinations of 30/200 and 30/400 in the branch/main pipes, are used to validate CFD simulations with different turbulence models. The reverse flow from the branch back upstream of the T-junction intersection is more significant for the lower flowrate of the main pipe, which can be confirmed by both measured data and predicted results. Based on the temperature comparison of the measurements and the predictions, the v2f turbulence model is most suitable for capturing the flow reversal characteristics in the T-junction, while the realizable k – e turbulence model reproduces the measured data more accurately for the T-junction with the higher flowrate in the main pipe and the lesser reverse flow. The present results can provide a useful reference for simulating the thermal mixing and reverse flow in a T-junction with various steady-state turbulence models.

Published
2016
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24. Investigation on the electrochemical machining of micro groove using masked porous cathode

Author

C.H. Lin, Ningsong Qu, B.Y. Dong, Guo Zhongning, Xiaolei Chen, Guochao Fan, and Xiaolong Fang

Subjects
0209 industrial biotechnology, Materials science, Nozzle, Metals and Alloys, 02 engineering and technology, Surface finish, Electrochemical machining, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering, Cathode, Computer Science Applications, law.invention, Reciprocating motion, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, 020901 industrial engineering & automation, 0203 mechanical engineering, Machining, law, Modeling and Simulation, Ceramics and Composites, Electric current, Composite material, Groove (music)
Abstract

Micro groove, as a typical surface texture, has played an important role in the development of many advanced fields. This paper introduced an electrochemical machining of micro groove using masked porous cathode. A porous metallic plate covered with a mask was prepared as the masked porous cathode. During machining, the masked porous cathode was covered on the workpiece, and the electrolyte could flow into the machining region through the porous structure in the cathode for machining. As the machining unit was closed, the distribution of electrical field was uniform on the machining surface, which could improve the machining accuracy. In addition, the masked porous mask had no damage during machining and could be reused, which improved the machining efficiency. With this method, multiphysics coupling model, including flow field model, electric current model, heat transfer model, reactant transport model, and moving mesh model, was built to investigate their influence on the machining process with different flow modes. The simulation and experiment results indicated that compared with other two flow modes, jet flow mode could provide a high electrolyte velocity in the machining region around the nozzle, and the mass transfer process was enhanced, which was helpful to improve the machining quality. The effect of pulse duty cycle was investigated, and the pulse duty cycle of 20% with the frequency of 2 kHz could further improve the mass transfer process and was preferred to generate micro groove with low standard deviation and roughness. In addition, with the applied voltage rising, the depth of micro groove increased, and increasing the nozzle reciprocating motion number could enhance the mass transfer process during machining, which further improved machining quality. Finally, with the optimized flow mode and machining parameters, a group of ten micro grooves were well generated by using a masked porous cathode with ten micro slits, and the width was about 330 μm with the depth of 45 μm.

Published
2020
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25. The Temporomandibular Joint of the Domestic Dog (Canis lupus familiaris) in Health and Disease

Author

C.H. Lin, Boaz Arzi, Derek D. Cissell, Frank Verstraete, David C. Hatcher, A.W. Lin, and Natalia Vapniarsky

Subjects
temporomandibular joint degeneration, Arthritic changes, 040301 veterinary sciences, Perforation (oil well), Osteoarthritis, Pathology and Forensic Medicine, 0403 veterinary science, 03 medical and health sciences, Dogs, 0302 clinical medicine, stomatognathic system, medicine, Animals, media_common.cataloged_instance, Veterinary Sciences, Dog Diseases, Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease, cartilage, Temporomandibular Muscle/Joint Disorder (TMJD), Pathological, media_common, Temporomandibular Joint, General Veterinary, business.industry, Cartilage, Pain Research, Histology, 030206 dentistry, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, Anatomy, Temporomandibular Joint Disorders, medicine.disease, Temporomandibular joint, osteoarthritis, Canis lupus familiaris, stomatognathic diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Musculoskeletal, dog, Chronic Pain, business
Abstract

This study aimed to characterize the histological, biomechanical and biochemical properties of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) of the domestic dog in health and disease. In addition, we sought to identify structure-function relationships and to characterize TMJ degenerative lesions that may be found naturally in this species. TMJs (n=20) from fresh cadaver heads (n=10) of domestic dogs were examined macroscopically and microscopicallyand by cone-beam computed tomography. The TMJ discs were evaluated for their mechanical and biochemical properties. If TMJ arthritic changes were found, pathological characteristics weredescribed and compared with healthy joints. Five (50%) dogs demonstrated macroscopically normal fibrocartilaginous articular surfaces and fibrous discs and five (50%) dogs exhibited degenerative changes that were observed either in the articular surfaces or the discs. In the articulating surfaces, these changes included erosions, conformational changes and osteophytes. In the discs, degenerative changes were represented by full-thickness perforations. Histologically, pathological specimens demonstrated fibrillations with or without erosions, subchondral bone defects and subchondral bone sclerosis. Significant anisotropy in the TMJ discs was evident on histology and tensile mechanical testing. Specifically, the discs were significantly stiffer and stronger in the rostrocaudal direction compared with the mediolateral direction. No significant differences were detected in compressive properties of different disc regions. Biochemical analyses showed high collagen content and low glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content. No significant differences in biochemical composition, apart from GAG, were detected among the disc regions. GAG concentration was significantly higher in the central region as compared with the caudal (posterior) region. The TMJ of the domestic dog exhibits similarities, but also differences, compared with other mammals with regards to structure-function relationships. The TMJ articular surfaces and the disc exhibit degenerative changes as seen in other species, including perforation of the disc as seen in man. The degenerative changes had greater effects on the mechanical properties compared with the biochemical properties of the TMJ components. Translational motion of the TMJ does occur in dogs, but is limited.

Published
2018
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26. 40 nm Ultralow-Power Charge-Trap Embedded NVM Technology for IoT Applications

Author

Z. Luzada, T. Phan, Vijay Raghavan, Igor G. Kouznetsov, Hui Mei Shih, C. Huang, Vineet Agrawal, C.H. Wang, Krishnaswamy Ramkumar, M. Amundson, C.H. Lin, Y. K. Sheu, K.L. Lee, Venkatraman Prabhakar, Kevin Donnelly, C.H. Huang, Long Hinh, P. C. Shih, D. Dalton, Swatilekha Saha, and S. Govindaswamy

Subjects
business.industry, Computer science, Transistor, Electrical engineering, law.invention, Non-volatile memory, Trap (computing), CMOS, law, Logic gate, Macro, Data retention, business, Access time
Abstract

A 40 nm charge-trap embedded NVM technology is presented which is operational at the main power supply of 0.81 to 1.21 V. It is based on SONOS and requires only five extra masking steps beyond standard CMOS. A product-ready 8Mb macro is used to demonstrate technology capabilities. Key features are 25 ns read access time in the 0.99 to 1.21 V supply range and very low current consumption. The macro provides several power- saving modes, 100k write cycles and 10-year data retention for application in consumer and industrial SoCs.

Published
2018
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27. A new geometrical approach for rapid LED processing by using femtosecond laser

Author

T. Puodžiūnas, R. Tomašiūnas, L. Mažulė, T. Grinys, C.H. Lin, I. Reklaitis, Chih-Chung Yang, and V. Sirutkaitis

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Mechanical Engineering, Chip, Laser, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Optics, law, Femtosecond, Nano, Optoelectronics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Photolithography, business, Layer (electronics), Quantum well, Light-emitting diode
Abstract

A new original method to reduce time and resource consuming photolithography mask production operations has been suggested. By means of femtosecond laser direct writing, thus, gaining cleaner surrounding than for nano- and pico-second pulse processing, a 45° angle ablation geometry has been proven. LED chip separation trenches and n -GaN layer exposure were made simultaneously saving from one fundamental processing and alignment step without adverse effect from the laser-processing on the quantum well region.

Published
2015
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29. Identification of material constants of composite laminates using measured strains

Author

T.Y. Kam, C.H. Lin, and W.T. Wang

Subjects
Composite materials -- Evaluation, Stress analysis (Engineering) -- Research, Structural optimization -- Analysis, Science and technology
Abstract

Research describes the methodology for evaluation of material constants of laminated composite structures. Data indicate that the procedure is applicable to a number of laminated composite cylindrical pressure vessels and other types of structures.

Published
2000

30. Finite element analysis and optimization for PBGA package

Author

C.K. Ho, F.R. Fu, Y.T. Lin, J.D. Wu, C.H. Lin, Cheng-Tang Pan, J.F. Yan, and Sinn-wen Chen

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Delamination, Structural engineering, Heat sink, Finite element method, law.invention, Stress (mechanics), Kriging, law, Ball grid array, Lamination, Response surface methodology, business
Abstract

The size of the plastic ball grid array (PBGA) package is getting smaller, and the problem of delamination in packaging has become more important. Therefore, in this study, the packaging process is improved through the finite element analysis (FEA) to analyze the delamination in the packaging components. First, the model of sealing and lamination is built through uniform design method (UDM) with Kriging model and response surface methodology (RSM). Then, the differences between these methods are investigated. The optimal parameters are obtained by UDM and RSM that the mold pressures are 31.7 and 42.57 MPa, temperature is 171.61 and 185 °C, and shoulder width is 358.33 and 800 μm, respectively. Due to process factors of sealing and lamination has an interaction with each other, the RSM in this case is more accurate. Therefore, the result obtained by RSM is more appropriate for the process.

Published
2017
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32. Contributors

Author

M. Alagar, C. Andronescu, M. Arslan, C.R. Arza, L. Bonnaud, V. Cádiz, T. Chaisuwan, Q.-Y. Chen, S. Chirachanchai, P. Cong, M. Derradji, S. Donthula, P. Dubois, L. Dumas, T. Endo, Y. Ertas, T. Feng, X. Feng, P. Froimowicz, M. Galià, S. Gao, N.N. Ghosh, S.A. Gârea, Y. Gu, Y. Habibi, I. Hamerton, G.-P. Hao, B.J. Howlin, K.-C. Hsu, F. Huang, H. Iovu, H. Ishida, K. Jia, X. Jia, C. Jubsilp, B. Kiskan, N. Koonsaeng, S.-W. Kuo, A. Laobuthee, N. Leventis, W. Li, X. Li, C.H. Lin, R.-C. Lin, C. Liu, K. Liu, W.-B. Liu, W. Liu, X. Liu, Y.-L. Liu, G. Lligadas, B. Lochab, A.-H. Lu, Z. Lu, M.G. Mohamed, A. Musa, S. Ohashi, M. Okhawilai, P. Prabunathan, L. Puchot, A.B. Rajput, N. Ramdani, Q. Ran, S. Rimdusit, J.C. Ronda, W. Rungswang, M. Sarojadevi, R. Sasikumar, E. Semerci, A. Shakilaparveen, S. Shukla, A. Sudo, O.S. Taskin, P. Thirukumaran, U. Thubsuang, S. Tiptipakorn, A. Tuzun, T. Uyar, C. Vancaeyzeele, C. Veranitisagul, P. Verge, F. Vidal, J. Wang, M.W. Wang, Z. Wang, W. Wattanathana, Y. Xia, Z. Xin, M. Xu, P. Xu, R. Xu, N. Yadav, Y. Yagci, P. Yang, D. Yu, Q. Yuan, K. Zhang, W. Zhang, Y. Zhang, P. Zhao, X. Zhong, C. Zhou, and C. Zuñiga

Published
2017
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33. Development of Phosphorus-Containing Polybenzoxazines

Author

C.H. Lin and M.W. Wang

Subjects
Materials science, Phosphorus, Phosphorus containing, education, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, 010402 general chemistry, 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology, 01 natural sciences, humanities, 0104 chemical sciences, chemistry, Organic chemistry, 0210 nano-technology
Abstract

Phosphorus compounds are known to exhibit excellent characteristic for flame retardancy. The syntheses of phosphorus-containing benzoxazines have been reported by many authors. This chapter focuses on the discussion of the reported strategy for preparing phosphorus-containing benzoxazines.

Published
2017
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34. Benzoxazine/Cyanate Ester Alloys

Author

C.H. Lin and M.W. Wang

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_compound, Reaction mechanism, Materials science, Research groups, Cyanate ester, chemistry, Polymer chemistry, Thermosetting polymer, Microstructure, Cyanate, Miscibility
Abstract

Blends of benzoxazine and cyanate ester have been actively studied by multiple research groups. Depending on the structure of benzoxazine, miscible or immiscible blends have been reported. Different reaction mechanisms in the blend have been reported. This chapter discusses the miscibility or immiscibility, the microstructure and the co-reactions in the blend, the origin of rapid trimerization of cyanate ester, and the properties of benzoxazine/cyanate thermosets.

Published
2017
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35. Phylogenetic relationships and population structure ofRalstonia solanacearumisolated from diverse origins in Taiwan

Author

Jaw-Fen Wang, Philippe Prior, C.H. Lin, Kun-Chan Tsai, Asian Vegetable Research and Development Center (AVRDC), Peuplements végétaux et bioagresseurs en milieu tropical (UMR PVBMT), Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (Cirad)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de La Réunion (UR), and National Science Council of Taiwan [94-2313-B-125-001, 95-2313-B-125-002]

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Phylogénie, haplotype, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Biovar, ADN, Plant Science, 01 natural sciences, Hôte, Génétique des populations, Solanum lycopersicum, phylotype, race, 2. Zero hunger, Genetics, Phylotype, 0303 health sciences, education.field_of_study, Ralstonia solanacearum, Virulence, biology, Phylogenetic tree, Bacterial wilt, food and beverages, Provenance, Genetic structure, Séquence nucléotidique, Population, Horticulture, 03 medical and health sciences, Botany, education, H20 - Maladies des plantes, 030304 developmental biology, biovar, Haplotype, pathotype, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy and Crop Science, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

International audience; Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is a destructive disease for many crops. The aim of this study was to investigate the phylogenetic relationships and genetic structure of an R.solanacearum population from diverse origins in Taiwan. All 58 tested isolates belonged to phylotype I, except the two biovar 2 isolates from potato. These belonged to phylotype IIB sequevar 1 and were identical to known potato brown rot strains, which were probably introduced. Phylotype I isolates were grouped into 10 sequevars. Sequevar 15 was predominant (34 out of 56 isolates). Its distribution covered the whole island and it was largely associated with solanaceous crops such as tomato, and with tomato field soil. A total of 14 haplotypes were identified based on a partial endoglucanase gene sequence. Parsimony network analysis revealed that haplotype A was the oldest haplotype in the local population. It encompassed all but one of the sequevar 15 isolates. Large variation in virulence on tomato was observed among the 58 isolates, and seven pathotypes were identified. Significant genetic differentiation was detected among pathotypes. Moreover, genetic differentiation was detected between biovar 3 and biovar 4 subgroups and between the strains associated with solanaceous and non-solanaceous species, but none was detected between strains from different geographic origins. The results suggest that the phylotype I population in Taiwan is homogeneous, while mutation and local adaptation to specific ecological niches keep shaping the population.

Published
2014
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36. Modeling influences of inlet swirl profiles on dump combustor flows

Author

C.H. Lin, C.A. Lin, and J.C. Chen

Subjects
Turbulence -- Models, Combustion chambers -- Observations, Aerospace and defense industries, Business
Abstract

The use of the kappa-epsilon model and variants of the Reynolds transport model with linear and quadratic forms of pressure-strain models helps to compute turbulent flows inside a dump combustor model. Flows with forced and free vortex swirl profiles at the inlet and swirl number of 0.4 form the basis of the analysis. Comparisons of model predictions with measurements show that the IPCM variant performs best in terms of mean and turbulence results.

Published
1996

37. Measurement of the atmospheric muon spectrum from 20 to 3000 GeV

Author

P. Achard, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, M. van den Akker, J. Alcaraz, G. Alemanni, J. Allaby, A. Aloisio, M.G. Alviggi, H. Anderhub, V.P. Andreev, F. Anselmo, A. Arefiev, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, P. Bagnaia, A. Bajo, G. Baksay, L. Baksay, J. Bähr, S.V. Baldew, S. Banerjee, Sw. Banerjee, A. Barczyk, R. Barillère, P. Bartalini, M. Basile, N. Batalova, R. Battiston, A. Bay, F. Becattini, U. Becker, F. Behner, L. Bellucci, R. Berbeco, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, B.L. Betev, M. Biasini, M. Biglietti, A. Biland, J.J. Blaising, S.C. Blyth, G.J. Bobbink, A. Böhm, L. Boldizsar, B. Borgia, S. Bottai, D. Bourilkov, M. Bourquin, S. Braccini, J.G. Branson, F. Brochu, J.D. Burger, W.J. Burger, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, G. Cara Romeo, G. Carlino, A. Cartacci, J. Casaus, F. Cavallari, N. Cavallo, C. Cecchi, M. Cerrada, M. Chamizo, T. Chiarusi, Y.H. Chang, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, G. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, G. Chiefari, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, I. Clare, R. Clare, G. Coignet, N. Colino, S. Costantini, B. de la Cruz, S. Cucciarelli, J.A. van Dalen, R. de Asmundis, P. Déglon, J. Debreczeni, A. Degré, K. Dehmelt, K. Deiters, D. della Volpe, E. Delmeire, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, A. De Salvo, M. Diemoz, M. Dierckxsens, L.K. Ding, C. Dionisi, M. Dittmar, A. Doria, M.T. Dova, D. Duchesneau, M. Duda, I. Duran, B. Echenard, A. Eline, A. El Hage, H. El Mamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, P. Extermann, G. Faber, M.A. Falagan, S. Falciano, A. Favara, J. Fay, O. Fedin, M. Felcini, T. Ferguson, H. Fesefeldt, E. Fiandrini, J.H. Field, F. Filthaut, W. Fisher, I. Fisk, G. Forconi, K. Freudenreich, C. Furetta, Yu. Galaktionov, S.N. Ganguli, P. Garcia-Abia, M. Gataullin, S. Gentile, S. Giagu, Z.F. Gong, H.J. Grabosch, G. Grenier, O. Grimm, H. Groenstege, M.W. Gruenewald, M. Guida, Y.N. Guo, S. Gupta, V.K. Gupta, A. Gurtu, L.J. Gutay, D. Haas, Ch. Haller, D. Hatzifotiadou, Y. Hayashi, Z.X. He, T. Hebbeker, A. Hervé, J. Hirschfelder, H. Hofer, M. Hohlmann, G. Holzner, S.R. 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Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, L3,CERN-LEP-L3, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Ciencias Físicas, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, momentum spectrum, FOS: Physical sciences, Cosmic ray, ddc:500.2, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, purl.org/becyt/ford/1 [https], Momentum, Nuclear physics, Atmospheric muon spectrum, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Muon spectrometer, muon, l3, cern lab, cosmic radiation, angular dependence, magnetic detector, 0103 physical sciences, Vertical direction, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Cosmic rays, High-energy hadronic interactions, Zenith, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Física, purl.org/becyt/ford/1.3 [https], Astronomía, Pair production, Muon flux, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, CIENCIAS NATURALES Y EXACTAS, Particle Physics - Experiment, FIS/04 - FISICA NUCLEARE E SUBNUCLEARE
Abstract

The absolute muon flux between 20 and 3000 GeV is measured with the L3 magnetic muon spectrometer for zenith angles ranging from 0°to 58°. Due to the large exposure of about 150 m2sr d, and the excellent momentum resolution of the L3 muon chambers, a precision of 2.3% at 150 GeV in the vertical direction is achieved.The ratio of positive to negative muons is studied between 20 and 500 GeV, and the average vertical muon charge ratio is found to be 1.285±0.003(stat.)±0.019(syst.)., Physics Letters B, 598 (1-2), ISSN:0370-2693, ISSN:0031-9163, ISSN:1873-2445

Published
2004
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38. Measurement of the Z-boson mass using e+e -> Z gamma events at centre-of-mass energies above the Z pole

Author

P. Achard, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, J. Alcaraz, G. Alemanni, J. Allaby, A. Aloisio, M.G. Alviggi, H. Anderhub, V.P. Andreev, F. Anselmo, A. Arefiev, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, P. Bagnaia, A. Bajo, G. Baksay, L. Baksay, S.V. Baldew, S. Banerjee, Sw. Banerjee, A. Barczyk, R. Barillère, P. Bartalini, M. Basile, N. Batalova, R. Battiston, A. Bay, F. Becattini, U. Becker, F. Behner, L. Bellucci, R. Berbeco, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, B.L. Betev, M. Biasini, M. Biglietti, A. Biland, J.J. Blaising, S.C. Blyth, G.J. Bobbink, A. Böhm, L. Boldizsar, B. Borgia, S. Bottai, D. Bourilkov, M. Bourquin, S. Braccini, J.G. Branson, F. Brochu, J.D. Burger, W.J. Burger, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, G. Cara Romeo, G. Carlino, A. Cartacci, J. Casaus, F. Cavallari, N. Cavallo, C. Cecchi, M. Cerrada, M. Chamizo, Y.H. Chang, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, G. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, G. Chiefari, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, I. Clare, R. Clare, G. Coignet, N. Colino, S. Costantini, B. de la Cruz, S. Cucciarelli, J.A. van Dalen, R. de Asmundis, P. Déglon, J. Debreczeni, A. Degré, K. Dehmelt, K. Deiters, D. della Volpe, E. Delmeire, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, A. De Salvo, M. Diemoz, M. Dierckxsens, C. Dionisi, M. Dittmar, A. Doria, M.T. Dova, D. Duchesneau, M. Duda, B. Echenard, A. Eline, A. El Hage, H. El Mamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, P. Extermann, M.A. Falagan, S. Falciano, A. Favara, J. Fay, O. Fedin, M. Felcini, T. Ferguson, H. Fesefeldt, E. Fiandrini, J.H. Field, F. Filthaut, P.H. Fisher, W. Fisher, I. Fisk, G. Forconi, K. Freudenreich, C. Furetta, Yu. Galaktionov, S.N. Ganguli, P. Garcia-Abia, M. Gataullin, S. Gentile, S. Giagu, Z.F. Gong, G. Grenier, O. Grimm, M.W. Gruenewald, M. Guida, R. van Gulik, V.K. Gupta, A. Gurtu, L.J. Gutay, D. Haas, D. Hatzifotiadou, T. Hebbeker, A. Hervé, J. Hirschfelder, H. Hofer, M. Hohlmann, G. Holzner, S.R. Hou, Y. Hu, B.N. Jin, L.W. Jones, P. de Jong, I. Josa-Mutuberrı́a, D. Käfer, M. Kaur, M.N. Kienzle-Focacci, J.K. Kim, J. Kirkby, W. Kittel, A. Klimentov, A.C. König, M. Kopal, V. Koutsenko, M. Kräber, R.W. Kraemer, A. Krüger, A. Kunin, P. Ladron de Guevara, I. Laktineh, G. Landi, M. Lebeau, A. Lebedev, P. Lebrun, P. Lecomte, P. Lecoq, P. Le Coultre, J.M. Le Goff, R. Leiste, M. Levtchenko, P. Levtchenko, C. Li, S. Likhoded, C.H. Lin, W.T. Lin, F.L. Linde, L. Lista, Z.A. Liu, W. Lohmann, E. Longo, Y.S. Lu, C. Luci, L. Luminari, W. Lustermann, W.G. Ma, L. Malgeri, A. Malinin, C. Maña, J. Mans, J.P. Martin, F. Marzano, K. Mazumdar, R.R. McNeil, S. Mele, L. Merola, M. Meschini, W.J. Metzger, A. Mihul, H. Milcent, G. Mirabelli, J. Mnich, G.B. Mohanty, G.S. Muanza, A.J.M. Muijs, B. Musicar, M. Musy, S. Nagy, S. Natale, M. Napolitano, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, H. Newman, A. Nisati, T. Novak, H. Nowak, R. Ofierzynski, G. Organtini, I. Pal, C. Palomares, P. Paolucci, R. Paramatti, G. Passaleva, S. Patricelli, T. Paul, M. Pauluzzi, C. Paus, F. Pauss, M. Pedace, S. Pensotti, D. Perret-Gallix, B. Petersen, D. Piccolo, F. Pierella, M. Pioppi, P.A. Piroué, E. Pistolesi, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Pojidaev, J. Pothier, D. Prokofiev, J. Quartieri, G. Rahal-Callot, M.A. Rahaman, P. Raics, N. Raja, R. Ramelli, P.G. Rancoita, R. Ranieri, A. Raspereza, P. Razis, D. Ren, M. Rescigno, S. Reucroft, S. Riemann, K. Riles, B.P. Roe, L. Romero, A. Rosca, S. Rosier-Lees, S. Roth, C. Rosenbleck, J.A. Rubio, G. Ruggiero, H. Rykaczewski, A. Sakharov, S. Saremi, S. Sarkar, J. Salicio, E. Sanchez, C. Schäfer, V. Schegelsky, H. Schopper, D.J. Schotanus, C. Sciacca, L. Servoli, S. Shevchenko, N. Shivarov, V. Shoutko, E. Shumilov, A. Shvorob, D. Son, C. Souga, P. Spillantini, M. Steuer, D.P. Stickland, B. Stoyanov, A. Straessner, K. Sudhakar, G. Sultanov, L.Z. Sun, S. Sushkov, H. Suter, J.D. Swain, Z. Szillasi, X.W. Tang, P. Tarjan, L. Tauscher, L. Taylor, B. Tellili, D. Teyssier, C. Timmermans, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, S.C. Tonwar, J. Tóth, C. Tully, K.L. Tung, J. Ulbricht, E. Valente, R.T. Van de Walle, R. Vasquez, V. Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi, I. Vetlitsky, D. Vicinanza, G. Viertel, S. Villa, M. Vivargent, S. Vlachos, I. Vodopianov, H. Vogel, H. Vogt, I. Vorobiev, A.A. Vorobyov, M. Wadhwa, Q. Wang, X.L. Wang, Z.M. Wang, M. Weber, P. Wienemann, H. Wilkens, S. Wynhoff, L. Xia, Z.Z. Xu, J. Yamamoto, B.Z. Yang, C.G. Yang, H.J. Yang, M. Yang, S.C. Yeh, An. Zalite, Yu. Zalite, Z.P. Zhang, J. Zhao, G.Y. Zhu, R.Y. Zhu, H.L. Zhuang, A. Zichichi, B. Zimmermann, M. Zöller, Achard, Pablo, Bourquin, Maurice, Braccini, Saverio, Chamizo Llatas, Maria, Deglon, Patrick, Delmeire, Evelyne, Echenard, Bertrand, Extermann, Pierre, Field, John, Kienzle, Maria-Novella, Malgeri, Luca, Natale, Sonia, Pohl, Martin, Straessner, Arno, L3 (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), P. ACHARD, O. ADRIANI, M. AGUILAR-BENITEZ, J. ALCARAZ, G. ALEMANNI, J. ALLABY, A. ALOISIO, M.G. ALVIGGI, H. ANDERHUB, V.P. ANDREEV, F. ANSELMO, A. AREFIEV, T. AZEMOON, T. AZIZ, P. BAGNAIA, A. BAJO, G. BAKSAY, L. BAKSAY, S.V. BALDEW, S. BANERJEE, SW. BANERJEE, A. BARCZYK, R. BARILLÈRE, P. BARTALINI, M. BASILE, N. BATALOVA, R. BATTISTON, A. BAY, F. BECATTINI, U. BECKER, F. BEHNER, L. BELLUCCI, R. BERBECO, J. BERDUGO, P. BERGES, B. BERTUCCI, B.L. BETEV, M. BIASINI, M. BIGLIETTI, A. BILAND, J.J. BLAISING, S.C. BLYTH, G.J. BOBBINK, A. BÖHM, L. BOLDIZSAR, B. BORGIA, S. BOTTAI, D. BOURILKOV, M. BOURQUIN, S. BRACCINI, J.G. BRANSON, F. BROCHU, J.D. BURGER, W.J. BURGER, X.D. CAI, M. CAPELL, G. CARA ROMEO, G. CARLINO, A. CARTACCI, J. CASAUS, F. CAVALLARI, N. CAVALLO, C. CECCHI, M. CERRADA, M. CHAMIZO, Y.H. CHANG, M. CHEMARIN, A. CHEN, G. CHEN, G.M. CHEN, H.F. CHEN, H.S. CHEN, G. CHIEFARI, L. CIFARELLI, F. CINDOLO, I. CLARE, R. CLARE, G. COIGNET, N. COLINO, S. COSTANTINI, B. DE LA CRUZ, S. CUCCIARELLI, J.A. VAN DALEN, R. DE ASMUNDIS, P. DÉGLON, J. DEBRECZENI, A. DEGRÉ, K. DEHMELT, K. DEITERS, D. DELLA VOLPE, E. DELMEIRE, P. DENES, F. DE NOTARISTEFANI, A. DE SALVO, M. DIEMOZ, M. DIERCKXSENS, C. DIONISI, M. DITTMAR, A. DORIA, M.T. DOVA, D. DUCHESNEAU, M. DUDA, B. ECHENARD, A. ELINE, A. EL HAGE, H. EL MAMOUNI, A. ENGLER, F.J. EPPLING, P. EXTERMANN, M.A. FALAGAN, S. FALCIANO, A. FAVARA, J. FAY, O. FEDIN, M. FELCINI, T. FERGUSON, H. FESEFELDT, E. FIANDRINI, J.H. FIELD, F. FILTHAUT, P.H. FISHER, W. FISHER, I. FISK, G. FORCONI, K. FREUDENREICH, C. FURETTA, YU. GALAKTIONOV, S.N. GANGULI, P. GARCIA-ABIA, M. GATAULLIN, S. GENTILE, S. GIAGU, Z.F. GONG, G. GRENIER, O. GRIMM, M.W. GRUENEWALD, M. GUIDA, V.K. GUPTA, A. GURTU, L.J. GUTAY, D. HAAS, D. HATZIFOTIADOU, T. HEBBEKER, A. HERVÉ, J. HIRSCHFELDER, H. HOFER, M. HOHLMANN, G. HOLZNER, S.R. HOU, Y. HU, B.N. JIN, L.W. JONES, P. DE JONG, I. JOSA-MUTUBERRÍA, M. KAUR, M.N. KIENZLE-FOCACCI, J.K. KIM, J. KIRKBY, W. KITTEL, A. KLIMENTOV, A.C. KOENIG, M. KOPAL, V. KOUTSENKO, M. KRAEBER, R.W. KRAEMER, A. KRUEGER, A. KUNIN, P. LADRON DE GUEVARA, I. LAKTINEH, G. LANDI, M. LEBEAU, A. LEBEDEV, P. LEBRUN, P. LECOMTE, P. LECOQ, P. LE COULTRE, J.M. LE GOFF, R. LEISTE, M. LEVTCHENKO, P. LEVTCHENKO, C. LI, S. LIKHODED, C.H. LIN, W.T. LIN, F.L. LINDE, L. LISTA, Z.A. LIU, W. LOHMANN, E. LONGO, Y.S. LU, C. LUCI, L. LUMINARI, W. LUSTERMANN, W.G. MA, L. MALGERI, A. MALININ, C. MANA, D. MANGEOL, J. MANS, J.P. MARTIN, F. MARZANO, K. MAZUMDAR, RR. MCNEIL, S. MELE, L. MEROLA, M. MESCHINI, W.J. METZGER, A. MIHUL, H. MILCENT, G. MIRABELLI, J. MNICH, G.B. MOHANTY, G.S. MUANZA, A.J.M. MUIJS, B. MUSICAR, M. MUSY, S. NAGY, S. NATALE, M. NAPOLITANO, F. NESSI-TEDALDI, H. NEWMAN, A. NISATI, T. NOVAK, H. NOWAK, R. OFIERZYNSKI, G. ORGANTINI, I. PAL, C. PALOMARES, P.PAOLUCCI, R. PARAMATTI, G. PASSALEVA, S. PATRICELLI, T. PAUL, M. PAULUZZI, C. PAUS, F. PAUSS, M. PEDACE, S. PENSOTTI, D. PERRET-GALLIX, B. PETERSEN, D. PICCOLO, F. PIERELLA, M. PIOPPI, P.A. PIROUE, E. PISTOLESI, V. PLYASKIN, M. POHL, V. POJIDAEV, J. POTHIER, D. PROKOFIEV, J. QUARTIERI, G. RAHAL-CALLOT, M.A.RAHAMAN, P. RAICS, N. RAJA, R. RAMELLI, P.G. RANCOITA, R. RANIERI, A. RASPEREZA, P. RAZIS, D. REN, M. RESCIGNO, S. REUCROFT, S. RIEMANN, K. RILES, B.P. ROE, L. ROMERO, A. ROSCA, C. ROSEMANN, C. ROSENBLECK, S. ROSIER-LEES, S. ROTH, J.A. RUBIO, G. RUGGIERO, H. RYKACZEWSKI, A. SAKHAROV, S. SAREMI, S. SARKAR, J. SALICIO, E. SANCHEZ, C. SCHAEFER, V. SCHEGELSKY, H. SCHOPPER, D.J. SCHOTANUS, C. SCIACCA, L. SERVOLI, S. SHEVCHENKO, N. SHIVAROV, V. SHOUTKO, E. SHUMILOV, A. SHVOROB, D. SON, C. SOUGA, P. SPILLANTINI, M. STEUER, D.P. STICKLAND, B. STOYANOV, A. STRAESSNER, K. SUDHAKAR, G. SULTANOV, L.Z. SUN, S. SUSHKOV, H. SUTER, J.D. SWAIN, Z. SZILLASI, X.W. TANG, P. TARJAN, L. TAUSCHER, L. TAYLOR, B. TELLILI, D. TEYSSIER, C. TIMMERMANS, SAMUEL C.C. TING, S.M. TING, S.C. TONWAR, J. TOTH, C. TULLY, K.L. TUNG, J. ULBRICHT, E. VALENTE, R.T. VAN DE WALLE, R. VASQUEZ, V. VESZPREMI, G. VESZTERGOMBI, I. VETLITSKI, D. VICINANZA, G. VIERTEL, S. VILLA, M. VIVARGENT, S. VLACHOS, I. VODOPIANOV, H. VOGEL, H. VOGT, I. VOROBIEV, A.A. VOROBYOV, M. WADHWA, Q. WANG, X.L. WANG, Z.M. WANG, M. WEBER, H. WILKENS, S. WYNHOFF, L. XIA, Z.Z. XU, J. YAMAMOTO, B.Z. YANG, C.G. YANG, H.J. YANG, M. YANG, S.C. YEH, AN. ZALITE, YU. ZALITE, Z.P. ZHANG, J. ZHAO, G.Y. ZHU, R.Y. ZHU, H.L. ZHUANG, A. ZICHICHI, B. ZIMMERMANN, M. ZOELLER, IHEF (IoP, FNWI), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Chiefari, Giovanni, DELLA VOLPE, Domenico, Merola, Leonardo, Napolitano, Marco, Patricelli, Sergio, Sciacca, Crisostomo, and Lista, Luca

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Z boson, Hadron, ddc:500.2, Radiation, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Ciencias Exactas, L3 EXPERIMENT, Physics, Muon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Z pole, Resonance, Física, centre-of-mass energies, Z-boson, monte-carlo program, cross-sections, l3 experiment, final-states, qcd, lep, photoproduction, simulation, collisions, parameters, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Beam energy
Abstract

Events from the e+e− → Zγ process with hard initial-state radiation collected with the L3 detector at centre-of-mass energies between 183 and 209 GeV are used to measure the mass of the Z boson. Decays of the Z boson into hadrons or muon pairs are considered and the Z mass is determined to be 91.272 ± 0.032(stat) ± 0.033(syst) GeV, in agreement with the value measured at the Z resonance. Alternatively, assuming this measured value of the Z mass, the method determines the LEP centre-of-mass energy, found to be 175 ± 68(stat) ± 68(syst) MeV lower than the nominal value., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
2004
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39. Search for color singlet and color reconnection effects in hadronic Z decays at LEP

Author

P. Achard, O. Adriani, M. Aguilar-Benitez, J. Alcaraz, G. Alemanni, J. Allaby, A. Aloisio, M.G. Alviggi, H. Anderhub, V.P. Andreev, F. Anselmo, A. Arefiev, T. Azemoon, T. Aziz, P. Bagnaia, A. Bajo, G. Baksay, L. Baksay, S.V. Baldew, S. Banerjee, Sw. Banerjee, A. Barczyk, R. Barillère, P. Bartalini, M. Basile, N. Batalova, R. Battiston, A. Bay, F. Becattini, U. Becker, F. Behner, L. Bellucci, R. Berbeco, J. Berdugo, P. Berges, B. Bertucci, B.L. Betev, M. Biasini, M. Biglietti, A. Biland, J.J. Blaising, S.C. Blyth, G.J. Bobbink, A. Böhm, L. Boldizsar, B. Borgia, S. Bottai, D. Bourilkov, M. Bourquin, S. Braccini, J.G. Branson, F. Brochu, J.D. Burger, W.J. Burger, X.D. Cai, M. Capell, G. Cara Romeo, G. Carlino, A. Cartacci, J. Casaus, F. Cavallari, N. Cavallo, C. Cecchi, M. Cerrada, M. Chamizo, Y.H. Chang, M. Chemarin, A. Chen, G. Chen, G.M. Chen, H.F. Chen, H.S. Chen, G. Chiefari, L. Cifarelli, F. Cindolo, I. Clare, R. Clare, G. Coignet, N. Colino, S. Costantini, B. de la Cruz, S. Cucciarelli, J.A. van Dalen, R. de Asmundis, P. Déglon, J. Debreczeni, A. Degré, K. Dehmelt, K. Deiters, D. della Volpe, E. Delmeire, P. Denes, F. DeNotaristefani, A. De Salvo, M. Diemoz, M. Dierckxsens, C. Dionisi, M. Dittmar, A. Doria, M.T. Dova, D. Duchesneau, M. Duda, B. Echenard, A. Eline, A. El Hage, H. El Mamouni, A. Engler, F.J. Eppling, P. Extermann, M.A. Falagan, S. Falciano, A. Favara, J. Fay, O. Fedin, M. Felcini, T. Ferguson, H. Fesefeldt, E. Fiandrini, J.H. Field, F. Filthaut, P.H. Fisher, W. Fisher, I. Fisk, G. Forconi, K. Freudenreich, C. Furetta, Yu. Galaktionov, S.N. Ganguli, P. Garcia-Abia, M. Gataullin, S. Gentile, S. Giagu, Z.F. Gong, G. Grenier, O. Grimm, M.W. Gruenewald, M. Guida, R. van Gulik, V.K. Gupta, A. Gurtu, L.J. Gutay, D. Haas, D. Hatzifotiadou, T. Hebbeker, A. Hervé, J. Hirschfelder, H. Hofer, M. Hohlmann, G. Holzner, S.R. Hou, Y. Hu, B.N. Jin, L.W. Jones, P. de Jong, I. Josa-Mutuberrı́a, D. Käfer, M. Kaur, M.N. Kienzle-Focacci, J.K. Kim, J. Kirkby, W. Kittel, A. Klimentov, A.C. König, M. Kopal, V. Koutsenko, M. Kräber, R.W. Kraemer, A. Krüger, A. Kunin, P. Ladron de Guevara, I. Laktineh, G. Landi, M. Lebeau, A. Lebedev, P. Lebrun, P. Lecomte, P. Lecoq, P. Le Coultre, J.M. Le Goff, R. Leiste, M. Levtchenko, P. Levtchenko, C. Li, S. Likhoded, C.H. Lin, W.T. Lin, F.L. Linde, L. Lista, Z.A. Liu, W. Lohmann, E. Longo, Y.S. Lu, C. Luci, L. Luminari, W. Lustermann, W.G. Ma, L. Malgeri, A. Malinin, C. Maña, J. Mans, J.P. Martin, F. Marzano, K. Mazumdar, R.R. McNeil, S. Mele, L. Merola, M. Meschini, W.J. Metzger, A. Mihul, H. Milcent, G. Mirabelli, J. Mnich, G.B. Mohanty, G.S. Muanza, A.J.M. Muijs, B. Musicar, M. Musy, S. Nagy, S. Natale, M. Napolitano, F. Nessi-Tedaldi, H. Newman, A. Nisati, T. Novak, H. Nowak, R. Ofierzynski, G. Organtini, I. Pal, C. Palomares, P. Paolucci, R. Paramatti, G. Passaleva, S. Patricelli, T. Paul, M. Pauluzzi, C. Paus, F. Pauss, M. Pedace, S. Pensotti, D. Perret-Gallix, B. Petersen, D. Piccolo, F. Pierella, M. Pioppi, P.A. Piroué, E. Pistolesi, V. Plyaskin, M. Pohl, V. Pojidaev, J. Pothier, D. Prokofiev, J. Quartieri, G. Rahal-Callot, M.A. Rahaman, P. Raics, N. Raja, R. Ramelli, P.G. Rancoita, R. Ranieri, A. Raspereza, P. Razis, D. Ren, M. Rescigno, S. Reucroft, S. Riemann, K. Riles, B.P. Roe, L. Romero, A. Rosca, S. Rosier-Lees, S. Roth, C. Rosenbleck, J.A. Rubio, G. Ruggiero, H. Rykaczewski, A. Sakharov, S. Saremi, S. Sarkar, J. Salicio, E. Sanchez, C. Schäfer, V. Schegelsky, H. Schopper, D.J. Schotanus, C. Sciacca, L. Servoli, S. Shevchenko, N. Shivarov, V. Shoutko, E. Shumilov, A. Shvorob, D. Son, C. Souga, P. Spillantini, M. Steuer, D.P. Stickland, B. Stoyanov, A. Straessner, K. Sudhakar, G. Sultanov, L.Z. Sun, S. Sushkov, H. Suter, J.D. Swain, Z. Szillasi, X.W. Tang, P. Tarjan, L. Tauscher, L. Taylor, B. Tellili, D. Teyssier, C. Timmermans, Samuel C.C. Ting, S.M. Ting, S.C. Tonwar, J. Tóth, C. Tully, K.L. Tung, J. Ulbricht, E. Valente, R.T. Van de Walle, R. Vasquez, V. Veszpremi, G. Vesztergombi, I. Vetlitsky, D. Vicinanza, G. Viertel, S. Villa, M. Vivargent, S. Vlachos, I. Vodopianov, H. Vogel, H. Vogt, I. Vorobiev, A.A. Vorobyov, M. Wadhwa, Q. Wang, X.L. Wang, Z.M. Wang, M. Weber, P. Wienemann, H. Wilkens, S. Wynhoff, L. Xia, Z.Z. Xu, J. Yamamoto, B.Z. Yang, C.G. Yang, H.J. Yang, M. Yang, S.C. Yeh, An. Zalite, Yu. Zalite, Z.P. Zhang, J. Zhao, G.Y. Zhu, R.Y. Zhu, H.L. Zhuang, A. Zichichi, B. Zimmermann, M. Zöller, Achard, Pablo, Bourquin, Maurice, Braccini, Saverio, Chamizo Llatas, Maria, Deglon, Patrick, Delmeire, Evelyne, Echenard, Bertrand, Extermann, Pierre, Field, John, Kienzle, Maria-Novella, Malgeri, Luca, Natale, Sonia, Pohl, Martin, Straessner, Arno, P., Achard, Aloisio, Alberto, Alviggi, Mariagrazia, Chiefari, Giovanni, DELLA VOLPE, Domenico, Merola, Leonardo, Napolitano, Marco, Patricelli, Sergio, Sciacca, Crisostomo, Lista, Luca, Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), CMS, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), L3, L3 (IHEF, IoP, FNWI), P. ACHARD, O. ADRIANI, M. AGUILAR-BENITEZ, J. ALCARAZ, G. ALEMANNI, J. ALLABY, A. ALOISIO, M.G. ALVIGGI, H. ANDERHUB, V.P. ANDREEV, F. ANSELMO, A. AREFIEV, T. AZEMOON, T. AZIZ, P. BAGNAIA, A. BAJO, G. BAKSAY, L. BAKSAY, S.V. BALDEW, S. BANERJEE, SW. BANERJEE, A. BARCZYK, R. BARILLÈRE, P. BARTALINI, M. BASILE, N. BATALOVA, R. BATTISTON, A. BAY, F. BECATTINI, U. BECKER, F. BEHNER, L. BELLUCCI, R. BERBECO, J. BERDUGO, P. BERGES, B. BERTUCCI, B.L. BETEV, M. BIASINI, M. BIGLIETTI, A. BILAND, J.J. BLAISING, S.C. BLYTH, G.J. BOBBINK, A. BÖHM, L. BOLDIZSAR, B. BORGIA, S. BOTTAI, D. BOURILKOV, M. BOURQUIN, S. BRACCINI, J.G. BRANSON, F. BROCHU, J.D. BURGER, W.J. BURGER, X.D. CAI, M. CAPELL, G. CARA ROMEO, G. CARLINO, A. CARTACCI, J. CASAUS, F. CAVALLARI, N. CAVALLO, C. CECCHI, M. CERRADA, M. CHAMIZO, Y.H. CHANG, M. CHEMARIN, A. CHEN, G. CHEN, G.M. CHEN, H.F. CHEN, H.S. CHEN, G. CHIEFARI, L. CIFARELLI, F. CINDOLO, I. CLARE, R. CLARE, G. COIGNET, N. COLINO, S. COSTANTINI, B. DE LA CRUZ, S. CUCCIARELLI, J.A. VAN DALEN, R. DE ASMUNDIS, P. DÉGLON, J. DEBRECZENI, A. DEGRÉ, K. DEHMELT, K. DEITERS, D. DELLA VOLPE, E. DELMEIRE, P. DENES, F. DE NOTARISTEFANI, A. DE SALVO, M. DIEMOZ, M. DIERCKXSENS, C. DIONISI, M. DITTMAR, A. DORIA, M.T. DOVA, D. DUCHESNEAU, M. DUDA, B. ECHENARD, A. ELINE, A. EL HAGE, H. EL MAMOUNI, A. ENGLER, F.J. EPPLING, P. EXTERMANN, M.A. FALAGAN, S. FALCIANO, A. FAVARA, J. FAY, O. FEDIN, M. FELCINI, T. FERGUSON, H. FESEFELDT, E. FIANDRINI, J.H. FIELD, F. FILTHAUT, P.H. FISHER, W. FISHER, I. FISK, G. FORCONI, K. FREUDENREICH, C. FURETTA, YU. GALAKTIONOV, S.N. GANGULI, P. GARCIA-ABIA, M. GATAULLIN, S. GENTILE, S. GIAGU, Z.F. GONG, G. GRENIER, O. GRIMM, M.W. GRUENEWALD, M. GUIDA, V.K. GUPTA, A. GURTU, L.J. GUTAY, D. HAAS, D. HATZIFOTIADOU, T. HEBBEKER, A. HERVÉ, J. HIRSCHFELDER, H. HOFER, M. HOHLMANN, G. HOLZNER, S.R. HOU, Y. HU, B.N. JIN, L.W. JONES, P. DE JONG, I. JOSA-MUTUBERRÍA, M. KAUR, M.N. KIENZLE-FOCACCI, J.K. KIM, J. KIRKBY, W. KITTEL, A. KLIMENTOV, A.C. KOENIG, M. KOPAL, V. KOUTSENKO, M. KRAEBER, R.W. KRAEMER, A. KRUEGER, A. KUNIN, P. LADRON DE GUEVARA, I. LAKTINEH, G. LANDI, M. LEBEAU, A. LEBEDEV, P. LEBRUN, P. LECOMTE, P. LECOQ, P. LE COULTRE, J.M. LE GOFF, R. LEISTE, M. LEVTCHENKO, P. LEVTCHENKO, C. LI, S. LIKHODED, C.H. LIN, W.T. LIN, F.L. LINDE, L. LISTA, Z.A. LIU, W. LOHMANN, E. LONGO, Y.S. LU, C. LUCI, L. LUMINARI, W. LUSTERMANN, W.G. MA, L. MALGERI, A. MALININ, C. MANA, D. MANGEOL, J. MANS, J.P. MARTIN, F. MARZANO, K. MAZUMDAR, RR. MCNEIL, S. MELE, L. MEROLA, M. MESCHINI, W.J. METZGER, A. MIHUL, H. MILCENT, G. MIRABELLI, J. MNICH, G.B. MOHANTY, G.S. MUANZA, A.J.M. MUIJS, B. MUSICAR, M. MUSY, S. NAGY, S. NATALE, M. NAPOLITANO, F. NESSI-TEDALDI, H. NEWMAN, A. NISATI, T. NOVAK, H. NOWAK, R. OFIERZYNSKI, G. ORGANTINI, I. PAL, C. PALOMARES, P.PAOLUCCI, R. PARAMATTI, G. PASSALEVA, S. PATRICELLI, T. PAUL, M. PAULUZZI, C. PAUS, F. PAUSS, M. PEDACE, S. PENSOTTI, D. PERRET-GALLIX, B. PETERSEN, D. PICCOLO, F. PIERELLA, M. PIOPPI, P.A. PIROUE, E. PISTOLESI, V. PLYASKIN, M. POHL, V. POJIDAEV, J. POTHIER, D. PROKOFIEV, J. QUARTIERI, G. RAHAL-CALLOT, M.A.RAHAMAN, P. RAICS, N. RAJA, R. RAMELLI, P.G. RANCOITA, R. RANIERI, A. RASPEREZA, P. RAZIS, D. REN, M. RESCIGNO, S. REUCROFT, S. RIEMANN, K. RILES, B.P. ROE, L. ROMERO, A. ROSCA, C. ROSEMANN, C. ROSENBLECK, S. ROSIER-LEES, S. ROTH, J.A. RUBIO, G. RUGGIERO, H. RYKACZEWSKI, A. SAKHAROV, S. SAREMI, S. SARKAR, J. SALICIO, E. SANCHEZ, C. SCHAEFER, V. SCHEGELSKY, H. SCHOPPER, D.J. SCHOTANUS, C. SCIACCA, L. SERVOLI, S. SHEVCHENKO, N. SHIVAROV, V. SHOUTKO, E. SHUMILOV, A. SHVOROB, D. SON, C. SOUGA, P. SPILLANTINI, M. STEUER, D.P. STICKLAND, B. STOYANOV, A. STRAESSNER, K. SUDHAKAR, G. SULTANOV, L.Z. SUN, S. SUSHKOV, H. SUTER, J.D. SWAIN, Z. SZILLASI, X.W. TANG, P. TARJAN, L. TAUSCHER, L. TAYLOR, B. TELLILI, D. TEYSSIER, C. TIMMERMANS, SAMUEL C.C. TING, S.M. TING, S.C. TONWAR, J. TOTH, C. TULLY, K.L. TUNG, J. ULBRICHT, E. VALENTE, R.T. VAN DE WALLE, R. VASQUEZ, V. VESZPREMI, G. VESZTERGOMBI, I. VETLITSKI, D. VICINANZA, G. VIERTEL, S. VILLA, M. VIVARGENT, S. VLACHOS, I. VODOPIANOV, H. VOGEL, H. VOGT, I. VOROBIEV, A.A. VOROBYOV, M. WADHWA, Q. WANG, X.L. WANG, Z.M. WANG, M. WEBER, H. WILKENS, S. WYNHOFF, L. XIA, Z.Z. XU, J. YAMAMOTO, B.Z. YANG, C.G. YANG, H.J. YANG, M. YANG, S.C. YEH, AN. ZALITE, YU. ZALITE, Z.P. ZHANG, J. ZHAO, G.Y. ZHU, R.Y. ZHU, H.L. ZHUANG, A. ZICHICHI, B. ZIMMERMANN, M. ZOELLER, and IHEF (IoP, FNWI)

Subjects
Quark, Particle physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Z boson, e&e-annihilation, rapidity gaps, 3-jet events, e+e annihilation, particle-flow, root-s, energy, jets, quark, tests, Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, Z boson decay, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), colour singlet production, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Particle flow, Singlet state, 010306 general physics, Ciencias Exactas, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, L3 experiment, colour reconnection effects, Física, 3. Good health, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A search is performed in symmetric 3-jet hadronic Z-decay events for evidence of colour singlet production or colour reconnection effects. Asymmetries in the angular separation of particles are found to be sensitive indicators of such effects. Upper limits on the level of colour singlet production or of colour reconnection effects are established for a variety of models., Facultad de Ciencias Exactas

Published
2004
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40. Numerical study on coupling phase change heat transfer performance of solar dish collector

Author

Y.B. Tao, C.H. Lin, F.Q. Cui, and Ya-Ling He

Subjects
Materials science, NTU method, Heat flux, Convective heat transfer, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Critical heat flux, Heat transfer, Thermodynamics, General Materials Science, Heat transfer coefficient, Heat sink, Fin (extended surface)
Abstract

In solar dish collector system, the heat transfer process is a typical coupling heat transfer problem, where the heat conduction, radiation heat transfer, convection heat transfer and phase change heat transfer are coexisting. In the present paper, a coupling model for Monte Carlo Ray Trace Method (MCRTM) and Finite Volume Method (FVM) was established to study the coupling heat transfer problem. Firstly, based on MCRTM, the non-uniform 3D heat flux distributions on the solar dish receiver inner surface were obtained. Then the non-uniform heat flux distribution is used as the boundary condition to simulate the phase change and convection heat transfer process inside the heat transfer tube. The effects of the non-uniform heat flux distribution on temperature field in phase change material (PCM) were examined. The results show that the non-uniform heat flux on the tube surface will result in seriously non-uniform temperature distribution in PCM. Then the optimization analyses for the temperature distribution were performed according to the convection heat transfer process and heat conduction process respectively. The results show that in the studied conditions, when heat transfer fluid (HTF) velocity increases from 10 m/s to 25 m/s, the maximum temperature difference in PCM will decrease from 781.2 K to 497.8 K, which reduces about 36.3%. However, it will cause the heat storage capacity and HTF outlet temperature decrease. When the thermal conductivity increases from 3.8 W m−1 K−1 to 19.0 W m−1 K−1, the maximum temperature difference will decrease from 781.2 K to 409.5 K, which reduces about 47.6%. And it will not result in HTF outlet temperature and heat storage capacity decreasing. So, enhancing the PCM thermal conductivity is an efficient method to achieve more uniform temperature distribution in PCM.

Published
2013
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41. Ti/HfO2 Based RRAM Operation Voltage Scaling for Embedded Memory

Author

Wei-Su Chen, Chen-Han Tsai, Pang-Shiu Chen, Tai-Yuan Wu, Z.H. Lin, S. Z. Rahaman, Ming-Jinn Tsai, Kan-Hsueh Tsai, Shyh-Shyuan Sheu, Pei-Yi Gu, Frederick T. Chen, P.L. Tseng, Yu-Sheng Chen, Tzu-Kun Ku, H. Y. Lee, C.H. Lin, and W.P. Lin

Subjects
Computer science, Electronic engineering, Embedded memory, Scaling, Resistive random-access memory, Voltage
Abstract

Consumer gadgets make up the fastest growing market for electronic devices today. These products will rely more and more on embedded storage-type memory, which can store system and processing data without impacting standby power consumption. For embedded memory applications, including microcontrollers, automotive, and mobile code storage applications, NOR flash is a popular choice for its non-volatility and fast read time on the order of nanoseconds. However, its operation voltage is larger than 10V, and the write speed exceeds 10 microseconds. Although increasing density is not a key requirement for process scaling of embedded memory down to advanced nodes, the operation voltage needs to be reduced to continually lower power consumption and to match foundry offerings in the logic and mixed-signal sectors, both in the core voltages and the I/O voltages. Resistive random-access memory (RRAM) is proposed to be such a scalable embedded memory technology. RRAM offers the advantages of CMOS process compatibility, high speed, high endurance, low-voltage operation, and high cell density. In this article, we demonstrate that the operation voltage can be reduced to under 1V in the Ti/HfOx RRAM system with a multi-level RESET operation strategy, while keeping the write speed to less than 2 microseconds, opening up opportunities for RRAM in embedded memory applications.

Published
2013
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43. Investigation of Piers Suffered Landslides Impact on the Main Deep Trough of River Bed by 2D Unsteady Flow Simulation

Author

C.H. Lin, C.M. Yu, C. Chao, M.C. Chang, and K.H. Cheng

Subjects
Pier, Computer simulation, Flood myth, Typhoon, Trough (geology), Geotechnical engineering, Landslide, Impact, Geology, Debris flow
Abstract

Debris flow is a serious disaster which always leads to huge damages in Taiwan. After typhoon or downpour, the fluid pressure and the impact of the huge rocks and floating woods brought by debris flow may contribute to structural damage of bridges, or damage the bridge base which is attributed to the washout of the riverbed. These phenomena would seriously influence works concerning shelter-seeking and damage-relieving. Case studies in this research consist of two phase. For the first phase, data of debris flow cases such as typhoon and rainfall information Kaohsiung Baolai No.2 Bridge in Taiwan as case in 100/200 years return flood peak flow. Numerical simulation was performed using SMS-2D, result were presented in the main deep trough and area. For the second phase, this study designed a checking evaluation procedure of concrete cracking failure of foundation of bridge by using mathematic algorithm. This author certainly expects this procedure could be a further reference for pier and foundation of the bridge design.

Published
2016
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44. Applied SMS-2D in Erosion Simulation of High Entrained Sand Flow Field during Severe Typhoon

Author

Y.T. Wang, C. Chao, C.H. Lin, H.C. Lin, and K.H. Cheng

Subjects
Hydrology, Geography, Southern taiwan, Typhoon, Erosion, Elevation, Geotechnical engineering, Flow field, Siltation
Abstract

Taiwan shaped to the narrow island, whose topography and climatic factors affecting the subject, river current is swift and steep riverbed erosion phenomenon is quite serious, this study Kaohsiung Baolai No.2 Bridge in southern Taiwan as an example and SMS-2D numerical model to simulate flow field during severe typhoon, and thereby calculate the scour depth around pipes by high sand silting, the riverbed elevation change after typhoon can be accurately simulated and provides references of related projects.

Published
2016
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45. Development of a dual inhibitor targeting HMG-CoA reductase and histone deacetylase rescues neurite degeneration in LRRK2- G2019S parkinsonism

Author

J.M. Fang, L.P. Cao, C.C. Chen, C.T. Chien, Matthew J. Farrer, R.M. Wu, H.I. Lin, and C.H. Lin

Subjects
biology, Neurite, Chemistry, Parkinsonism, Dual inhibitor, Degeneration (medical), medicine.disease, LRRK2, Cell biology, Neurology, HMG-CoA reductase, biology.protein, medicine, Neurology (clinical), Histone deacetylase
Published
2017
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46. Structures and properties of La- and Sm-doped BaTi[O.sub.3] sputtered films: post-annealing and dopant effects

Author

C.H. Wu, John, V.S., S.F. Wang, and C.H. Lin

Subjects
Lanthanum -- Structure, Lanthanum -- Magnetic properties, Lanthanum -- Optical properties, Sputtering (Physics) -- Analysis, Annealing -- Analysis, Thin films, Multilayered -- Structure, Thin films, Multilayered -- Magnetic properties, Thin films, Multilayered -- Optical properties, Physics
Abstract

La- and Sm-doped BaTi[O.sub.3] thin films with A/B ratio of unity fabricated by magnetron sputtering on the Pt/Ti/Si[O.sub.2]/Si substrate and the effects of post-annealing and the amount of dopant on structure and electrical properties are analyzed. The permittivity has increased with increasing annealing temperature and the leakage current property has varied with the type of dopant.

Published
2008

47. Cost analysis in choosing group size when group testing for Potato virus Y in the presence of classification errors

Author

T.C. Yang, S.H. Lin, W.C. Chung, S.C. Liu, C.H. Lin, and Kuo-Szu Chiang

Subjects
Offset (computer science), Potato virus Y, Group (mathematics), Bayesian probability, Statistics, food and beverages, Certification, Sensitivity (control systems), Biology, biology.organism_classification, Agronomy and Crop Science, Group testing, Test (assessment)
Abstract

In many areas of the world, Potato virus Y (PVY) is one of the most economically important disease problems in seed potatoes. In Taiwan, generation 2 (G2) class certified seed potatoes are required by law to be free of detectable levels of PVY. To meet this standard, it is necessary to perform accurate tests at a reasonable cost. We used a two-stage testing design involving group testing which was performed in Taiwan's Seed Improvement and Propagation Station to identify plants infected with PVY. At the first stage of this two-stage testing design, plants are tested in groups. The second stage involves no retesting for negative test groups and exhaustive testing of all constituent individual samples from positive test groups. In order to minimise costs while meeting government standards, it is imperative to estimate optimal group size. However, because of limited test accuracy, classification errors for diagnostic tests are inevitable; to get a more accurate estimate, it is necessary to adjust for these errors. Therefore, this paper describes an analysis of diagnostic test data in which specimens are grouped for batched testing to offset costs. The optimal batch size is determined by various cost parameters as well as test sensitivity, specificity and disease prevalence. Here, the Bayesian method is employed to deal with uncertainty in these parameters. Moreover, we developed a computer program to determine optimal group size for PVY tests such that the expected cost is minimised even when using imperfect diagnostic tests of pooled samples. Results from this research show that, compared with error free testing, when the presence of diagnostic testing errors is taken into account, the optimal group size becomes smaller. Higher diagnostic testing costs, lower costs of false negatives or smaller prevalence can all lead to a larger optimal group size. Regarding the effects of sensitivity and specificity, optimal group size increases as sensitivity increases; however, specificity has little effect on determining optimal group size. From our simulated study, it is apparent that the Bayesian method can truly update the prior information to more closely approximate the intrinsic characteristics of the parameters of interest. We believe that the results of this study will be useful in the implementation of seed potato certification programmes, particularly those which require zero tolerance for quarantine diseases in certified tubers.

Published
2011
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48. FORCING OF 'TAINON17' PINEAPPLE WITH CALCIUM CARBIDE (CAC2) AND/OR ICE-COLD STRESS UNDER FIELD CONDITIONS

Author

P.F. Lee, C.M. Sun, W.S. Shih, C.H. Lin, J.C. Chang, S. Maruthasalam, and Y.L. Liu

Subjects
Materials science, Aqueous solution, Ice crystals, Calcium carbide, Field experiment, Forcing (mathematics), Horticulture, chemistry.chemical_compound, Agronomy, Inflorescence, chemistry, Tap water, Cold stress
Abstract

Calcium carbide (CaC2) has been used for large scale induction of reproductive development in pineapple. Over-application of CaC2 to ensure synchronized flowering in pineapples grown for fresh markets may increase the cost of forcing and contaminants in CaC2 may harm human health. The forcing effectiveness of CaC2 prepared with ice-cold water was compared with that of CaC2 prepared in tap (25°C) water in ‘Tainon 17’ pineapple plants. Two applications of ice-cold aqueous CaC2 solution applied at a 48 h interval forced a significantly higher percentage of plants than did CaC2 solution prepared using tap water at 25°C. At 70 days after treatment, plants treated with the ice-water solution had completed inflorescence emergence while plants treated with the tap water solution had reached 50% inflorescence emergence. The use of an ice-cold aqueous CaC2 solution could reduce the number of CaC2 applications required to force pineapple and would also reduce the cost of forcing. In another field experiment (2008-2009 season), a test was installed to determine if cold stress alone, an organic treatment, would induce reproductive development of ‘Tainon 17’ plants. Plants treated 3-4 times with ice-cold water or ice crystals were not induced by cold stress on days having a mean night temperature of 25°C or above. Cold stress might be more effective in forcing pineapple when night temperatures are cooler but further experiments are required to evaluate the effect of cooler temperature on the forcing efficiency of ice treatments.

Published
2011
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49. Synthesis and characterization of Sr(ZnZr)x Fe12−2xO19–PANI composites

Author

Y.S. Hong, C.L. Yuan, and C.H. Lin

Subjects
Zirconium, Materials science, chemistry.chemical_element, Zinc, Coercivity, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, chemistry.chemical_compound, Magnetization, Lattice constant, chemistry, Polyaniline, X-ray crystallography, Particle size, Composite material
Abstract

Strontium zinc zirconium hexaferrites/polyaniline (Sr(ZnZr) x Fe 12−2 x O 19 –PANI, x =0, 0.5, 1.0) composites were synthesized by oxidative chemical polymerization of aniline in the presence of ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS). The structure and morphology of the product was characterized by FTIR, TGA and SEM. The particle size of the core material was found to be about 250–500 nm. After coating with polyaniline, the particle size of Sr(ZnZr) 0.5 Fe 11 O 19 –PANI composites grew upto 0.5–1.0 μm. XRD of the ferrites indicated that the structure of the core materials is hexagonal, with lattice constants around 5.886–5.885 A. It was found that the saturation magnetization ( M S ) and coercivity ( H C ) for Sr(ZnZr) x Fe 12−2 x O 19 –PANI composites decreased after polyaniline coating. The composite under applied magnetic field, exhibited ferromagnetic hysteretic loops with high saturation magnetization ( M S =18.9–3.8 emu/g) and coercivity ( H C =3850.0–583.91 Oe).

Published
2011
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50. Interfacial reaction and electrical characteristics of Cu(RuTaNx) on GaAs: Annealing effects

Author

W.K. Leau, Jinn P. Chu, and C.H. Lin

Subjects
Materials science, Annealing (metallurgy), Analytical chemistry, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Condensed Matter Physics, Copper, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Transition metal, chemistry, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Transmission electron microscopy, Thermal stability, Metallizing, Ohmic contact
Abstract

This study elucidates the thermal stability and quasi ohmic contact characteristics of Cu(RuTaN x ) fabricated on a barrierless GaAs substrate. Cu(RuTaN x ) was prepared by cosputtering Cu, Ta, Ru, and N. The resistivity of the Cu(RuTaN x )/GaAs structure annealed at 500 °C for 30 min was lower than that of the as-deposited structure, and the former was thermally stable up to 500 °C after 30 min of annealing. Further, the Cu(RuTaN x )/GaAs structure exhibited electrical rectifying properties upon annealing at 550 °C for 10 min and revealed a quasi ohmic contact, as determined by the circular transmission line model (CTLM). The formation of quasi ohmic contact is further confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy.

Published
2011
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