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This paper aims to take a closer critical look at the multiple and multi-layered nature of urban centrality. Centrality is conceptualized here as a kind of prominence, perceived, planned and represented quality within the urban timespace. We employ three distinct ontological categories of the urban centre (centre-as-event, centre-as-thing and centre-as-structure) to take a deeper insight into the symbolism, ideological narratives and planning practices behind the genesis of the prominent urban places and times. With this approach, we expose even the seemingly subtle phenomena that (co-)shape multiple urban centralities. We are empirically focusing on the case of the city of Brno (Czech Republic). Attention is paid in particular to the period of socialism, more specifically to the influence of socialist ideology on the reorganization of urban central places and times. We are trying to overcome the traditional view of centralized and all-encompassing socialist transformation. Instead, the socialist Brno provides the case study to demonstrate a subtle fabric of overlapping, competing or simply coexisting socialist and pre-socialist centralities. We argue that the physical re-centralization of the city was in the end less significant than the efforts to symbolically recode the urban environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

City marketing strives to promote a specific city and its parts and emphasises its different characteristics, attractiveness, and competitive advantages. This concept is based on the idea of a high quality of life for its residents and attractive conditions for external target groups. The paper deals with city marketing in Brno, the second-largest city in the Czech Republic. The aim of this paper is to analyse the marketing activities of the city of Brno and to evaluate what image the city has in the eyes of its residents. We conducted a questionnaire survey among 552 residents. In addition to this quantitative approach, we also used qualitative methods, which consisted of interviews with experts from practice. Research has proved that the city is aware of the importance of marketing, but marketing activities have not yet been sufficiently developed. Brno is a city that is considered a good place to live, and the majority of respondents are actively interested in what is happening there. On the other hand, the city's marketing efforts are not visible enough to residents. The research confirms that cities in Central Europe should pay more attention to their marketing. The paper provides policy implications for the implementation of city marketing oriented to residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to introduce the Czech reader to the issue of the relationship between National Socialism and occultism. In Western Europe, these relationships have been explored since the 1970s, when historians James Webb and Nicholas Goodric Clarke began to explore them. In the Czech environment, however, serious research on this topic is still relatively unknown and a minimum of scientists are devoted to it. Conversely, Popular culture and lovers of mysteries produce countless fantastic stories about Nazi wizards, secret societies controlling the NSDAP, or Nazi quests for the Holy Grail. This ensures a tabloid impression. But if we overcome this impression, we will find that the issue of the relationship between Nazism and occultism is a story about the rapid intellectual, religious and especially political development of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, when at other times marginal occult ideas and fantasies could influence the development of entire states. This text is therefore a basic summary of the information known so far about the relationship between National Socialism and occultism. It is processed in the form of a sampling method into the conclusions of research carried out so far and the resulting literature. In it, we observe the intermingling of German nationalism and occultism at the end of the 19th century, which leads to the emergence of a chauvinist and racist occult teaching, the so-called Ariosophy. Ariosophy spread through Austria-Hungary and the German Empire, becoming the political program of various occult and political organizations. In Bavaria, the main representative of Ariosophy is the Thule Society, and the Thule agitation among the workers gave rise to the DAP in 1919, and from 1920 to the NSDAP. The end of the text is devoted to the NSDAP’s ambivalent relationship to the occult. Since 1941, the party faction opposing occultism was victorious and the great persecution of occultists begins. The text introduces the reader to Reinhard Heydrich’s order of June 4, 1941, which begins the persecution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Raymond Murray Schafer, a composer, writer, environmentalist, and long-time leading figure in acoustic ecology, would have celebrated his 91st birthday this year. A versatile artist and theorist, he expanded his musical compositions to include a layer of natural-environment sound and took interpretations of his concert-hall compositions outdoors. This text works with Schafer's approach to acoustic ecology. By drawing on acoustic-ecological research mapping and the relationships between people and their environment, it shows Schafer's approaches to the investigation of our sound environment and updates of some of his theories with the soundscape of the city centre of Brno, Czech Republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the example of Brno, one of the leading royal cities in Moravia (as one of the lands of the Czech Crown), the author outlines methodological issues related to the study of the so-called heraldic burghers. In towns located on the territory of Bohemia, Moravia and Bo-hemian Silesia, they constituted a kind of transitional group between the townspeople and nobility, based on a royal privilege granting them a coat of arms, occasionally supplemented with an actual ennoblement. However, admission to lower nobility was conditioned by ac-ceptance from the relevant noble community. Most of the privileged burghers thus preferred to live in the city, making their living by practicing occupations typical of the urban en-vironment. For her study, the author uses sources of Brno provenance for the early modern period, when this class of burghers was created in connection with the so-called closing of the noble estates, as well as sources of provincial provenance previously processed in thor-ough editions and monographs. The urban sources include not only written materials, but also preserved burgher epitaphs and possibly also burgher seals. The author pays particular attention to the social and professional composition of the armorial burghers, their share in the city administration and, last but not least, to the creation and inheritance of their coats of arms.

Using the example of Brno, one of the leading royal cities in Moravia (as one of the lands of the Czech Crown), the author outlines methodological issues related to the study of the so-called heraldic burghers. In towns located on the territory of Bohemia, Moravia and Bohemian Silesia, they constituted a kind of transitional group between the townspeople and nobility, based on a royal privilege granting them a coat of arms, occasionally supplemented with an actual ennoblement. However, admission to lower nobility was conditioned by acceptance from the relevant noble community. Most of the privileged burghers thus preferred to live in the city, making their living by practicing occupations typical of the urban environment. For her study, the author uses sources of Brno provenance for the early modern period, when this class of burghers was created in connection with the so-called closing of the noble estates, as well as sources of provincial provenance previously processed in thorough editions and monographs. The urban sources include not only written materials, but also preserved burgher epitaphs and possibly also burgher seals. The author pays particular attention to the social and professional composition of the armorial burghers, their share in the city administration and, last but not least, to the creation and inheritance of their coats of arms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study attempts to identify the basic factors that shaped the development of the brewing industry in Brno from the second half of the 19th century to the First World War. The abolition of the propination law in 1869 is particularly important, as it freed up the market and allowed investors to freely establish new breweries. In particular, the study analyses the development of První brněnský akciový pivovar a sladovna [First Brno Stock Brewery and Malt House], which is known today as the Starobrno brewery, the only industrial brewery still operating in the city. A significant part is also devoted to the competing Moravia brewery and others within the territory of today's city. The history of the Brno brewing industry was shaped by founding fever on the one hand and by competitive pressure tempered by cartelization on the other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study focuses on the sacral work of architect Klaudius Madlmayr (1881–1963), a graduate of the Vienna Academy under Friedrich Ohmann (1858–1927). Although Madlmayr began his professional career designing residential houses, and particularly state buildings (especially in Olomouc), from the second half of the 1930s he devoted himself almost exclusively to commissions for clients from the Catholic Church. In a simplified neoclassical architectural style he designed new church buildings in Brno-Židenice, Rozvadovice and Želeč, and in more than a dozen other churches he managed reconstruction work and designed a new layout, including a number of altars, mostly with retables. He collaborated with a number of conservative creative artists, among whom Julius Pelikán (1887–1969), Petr Pištělka (1887–1963) and the brothers Heřman Kotrba (1913–1989) and Karel Kotrba (1910–1973) stood out. He collaborated for a long time with the Brno Heritage Office, which consistently recommended his work and even discriminated in favour of it. The turning point came only with the arrival of a new generation of art historians who had reservations about his work. The aim of the study is to present not only Madlmayr’s sacral work, but also its perception by contemporaries and clients. It does not attempt to rehabilitate his work, assessed by art history as being rather below average and regressive, but to explain the circumstances under which it was created. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the oldest scores of sacred music in the former Winiker's Music Library (Carl Winiker's Musikalien-Leih-Anstalt), whose surviving collection is now housed by the Moravian Library. The paper looks at some of its most valuable sheet music and explores nearly 200 manuscript and printed scores. Many of these can be traced to the well-known Leipzig conductor and composer Johann Gottfried Schicht (1753-1823), which is why the paper covers sheet music published or copied up to 1823, the date of Schicht's death. Besides the inventory of the scores, the paper offers an analysis of the repertoire as well as the provenance of all the identified copies. It draws on the surviving catalogues of Winiker's Library, the extant scores in the Moravian Library, and the auction catalogue of Schicht's collection after his death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech Journal of Historical Heritage Preservation / Zpravy Pamatkove Pece is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of the paper is to determine how fast the HSR connection in conjunction with public transport between Brno and Prague should be in order to be time-competitive with car use. Brno and Prague are the largest agglomerations in Czechia and, according to the Czech government’s plan, the first HSR will be built between them. The competitive speed of high-speed trains is derived from mathematical accessibility models created in GIS. The route planner in Google Maps and control supplementary sources were used as a source of data on the speed of public transport connections and the travel time of cars. The effect of a possible relocation of the main Brno railway station is also considered. The derived optimal competitive speed is slightly higher than the current plans assume.

Copyright of Czech Journal of Historical Heritage Preservation / Zpravy Pamatkove Pece is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Czech Journal of Historical Heritage Preservation / Zpravy Pamatkove Pece is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The following text is inspired by a special issue of the journal ESPES vol. 10, no. 2 (2021) entitled Everyday Aesthetics: European Perspectives and returns to the theme of flâneurie. It focuses on the Czech environment and, after a brief outline of the artistic flâneurism associated mainly with Prague, it moves on to the specific phenomenon of the Brno štatl and štatlaři, which are to some extent related to flâneurism. The štatl community followed the tradition of the plotna, a more closed group of socially weaker inhabitants of the city in the first half of the twentieth century, whose features included a special dialect – hantec. Štatlaři recruited more from the milieu of the educated people, bohemians, and artists, adopted, and transformed. The aim of the study is to show which characteristics flâneurism and “štatlař-ism” have in common and in what ways they differ. Furthermore, we will address the question of how knowledge of the phenomenon of štatlaři can influence the perception of flaneurs when they are walking around the city of Brno.

The research deals with the main biographical details of the life and creative work of the outstanding Ukrainian composer, pianist and teacher Vasyl Barvinskyi (1888-1963), connected with his studies, concert and creative activities in Prague. At first Vasyl Barvinskyi received his musical education in Lviv from the famous Czech teacher Vilém Kurz, and later, on his advice, he continued his musical studies in Prague at the Philosophical Faculty of Charles University. There he attended the lectures of the outstanding Czech scientist and art critic Zdeněk Nejedlý and the esthetician, historian and art critic Otakar Hostinský, improved his piano playing in professors Kurz and Holfeld, and studied composition with professor Vítězslav Novák. It is important that a lot of facts are supplemented by interesting descriptions of events, moments of communication with his teachers, impressions of learning and creativity, which have been preserved in Barvinskyi's epistolary heritage, as well as in the composer's memoirs. After returning to Lviv in 1915, Vasyl Barvinskyi became a director of the Mykola Lysenko Higher Music Institute, engaged in pedagogical work and educated a lot of famous pianists and composers, and also worked as a music critic, but from 1948 to 1958 he was persecuted and imprisoned by the communist regime in Ukraine. The cycle of his piano preludes, written while studying with Vítězslav Novák, is analyzed. In the creative work of Vasyl Barvinskyi - in piano, vocal, choral, symphonic compositions - various currents of European musical culture naturally combined with bright manifestations of the Ukrainian national element. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used homogenised mean, maximum, and minimum daily temperatures from 12 stations located in Brno, Czechia, during the 2011–2020 period to analyse heat waves (HW) and their impact on the canopy urban heat island (UHI). HWs were recognized as at least three consecutive days with Tx ≥ 30 °C and urban–rural and intra-urban differences in their measures were analysed. To express the HWs contribution to UHI, we calculated the UHI intensities (UHII) separately during and outside of HWs to determine the heat magnitude (HM). Our results show that all HW measures are significantly higher in urban areas. UHII is mostly positive, on average 0.65 °C; however, day-time UHII is clearly greater (1.93 °C). Furthermore, day-time UHII is amplified during HWs, since HM is on average almost 0.5 °C and in LCZ 2 it is even 0.9 °C. Land use parameters correlate well with UHII and HM at night, but not during the day, indicating that other factors can affect the air temperature extremity. Considering a long-term context, the air temperature extremity has been significantly increasing recently in the region, together with a higher frequency of circulation types that favour the occurrence of HWs, and the last decade mainly contributed to this increase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Moravian legal handbook, Manipulus vel directorium iuris civilis, written by Jan of Gelnhausen in the second half of the 14th century represents an important source directly connected to the older Law Book of Jan the Notary (Brno, Czech Lands). Manipulus reflects an extensive body of interpretive rules and definitions which his author, Jan of Gelnhausen, took over from some medieval manuscript including 16th and 17th title of 50th of Digest, an integral part of the Corpus iuris civilis. The aim of this paper is to introduce the section De regulis iuris et de verborum signification, which includes the regulations adopted from those titles of Digest and reflects on the origin of one modified rule and its comment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the story of the Anna student resistance group, which was active in Brno between 1949 and 1951. Jan Strejcius, Zdeněk Janík, Milan Obrovský and Jiří Linhart formed the core of the group, which focused on the production of anti-communist printed materials with the purpose of activating Czechoslovak citizens and breaking the information embargo imposed by the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia. In comparison with other Third Resistance student groups, it is clear that Anna was active for a longer than average period of time.

Copyright of Urbanismus a Uzemni Rozvoj is the property of Institute for Spatial Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper presents the pastor Jaroslav Vyskočil, an important figure of the Czechoslovak Church. The paper is focused on the 1950s, when Jaroslav Vyskočil served in the city of Brno. The paper is not a biography, but aims to demonstrate specific manifestations of communist church policy at the local level on the example of the pastor Vyskočil. At the same time, the paper offers an image of a believer who is actively trying to express his religion in the environment of a totalitarian communist state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The results from the research presented in this article were carried out to capture the changes or eventual disappearance of phenomena of traditional Romani spiritual culture, specifically manifestations of magical thinking. This contribution aims to discuss selected manifestations of magical thinking in the Roma communities in Brno, which have not been mapped so far. These are mainly manifestations of magic that are aimed at harming individuals. Specific attention is paid to acts such as "pokerování" and evil eye "zoči". Objectives: The present article focuses on understanding how and to what extent magical practices are still used in the environment of Brno's Slovak and Hungarian Roma communities. One of the aims was to take note of the memories of those respondents about the magical practices they had encountered in the past and the related occult practices performed by Romani people in earlier times. Methods: The paper relies mainly on the collection of material obtained during field research carried out in 2019 and 2020 in Brno. The primary research method was field interviews and the research focused on the environment of the sub-ethnic groups servika and ungrika Roma. The interviews were conducted in Czech. The type of interview was chosen depending on the nature of the informants and whether they agreed to be recorded. In some cases, semi-structured interviews were used and audio recordings were always made. It was difficult to achieve complete privacy in the research and in most cases, the interviews were conducted collectively. In only two cases were we completely alone with the respondents. Given the undeniable intimacy of the topic, the "ero-epic" interview was used as an appropriate method, where we indirectly accessed the topic. In addition to interviews, the participant observation method was also used. Conclusion: The signs of magical thinking are present or not are summarised. Although it appears that magical practices are still abundantly represented in the majority, in comparison with the Slovak-Romani environment we can see their gradual disappearance. A significant factor in keeping these practices alive is by maintaining active contact with their relatives from Slovakia. It helps them continue these practices fluently and also they are able to mediate the services of a specialist from the original Slovak-Romani environment. One of the important factors of their extinction in the Czech environment is the disappearance of the original Roma specialists who have no successors. Similarly, the influence of the majority society and the rapid progress of globalisation is unquestionable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to explore the various possibilities for the operas arrangements for chamber ensembles preserved in selected monastic localities as a remarkable subgenre, which flourished from the end of the 18th century until the middle of the 19th century. Important music collections of monasteries in Moravia and Lower Austria were selected for the research, specifically: Nová Říše (formerly Neureisch, Premonstratensians), Klosterneuburg (Augustinian Canons), Göttweig (Benedictines) and Zwettl (Cistercians). By comparing the situation in different monasteries, it was possible to look at the issue in a broader geographic context, which reflects the customs and possibilities of neighbouring regions within the Habsburg Monarchy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Czech Journal of Historical Heritage Preservation / Zpravy Pamatkove Pece is the property of Narodni Pamatkovy Ustav and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)