1. Arap Dilinde İ-isa‘: Cümlede Çok Anlamlılık.
- Author
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KAPLANGÖZ, Zahit
- Abstract
Polysemy is generally accepted as the situation where a word has more than one meaning. However, this can also be thought of as a sentence having more than one meaning at the same time. As a matter of fact, it is possible to explain the phenomenon of polysemy in the sentence, which is explained by the concept of ittisa' in Arabic, with many facts in the fields of lexicon, grammar, syntax and rhetoric. It is possible to see the concept of ittisa' in books written on the early Arabic language such as al-Kitâb by Sîbeveyhi (d. 180/796) and Hasâis by İbn Cinnî (d. 392/1002). However, the concept of ittisa' mentioned here is used to express different meanings than the meaning discussed in these studies. As a matter of fact, this concept in the lexicon indicates the use of rare words when expressing a meaning. It also refers to the appropriate use of the opposite meaning of the word. Their structures, which have gone beyond their original usage in the field of syntax, express a part of the concept of ibdal in the field of morphology, and the meanings of metaphor and parabola in the field of rhetoric. In particular, various situations which about syntax and rhetoric mentioned above actually add different meanings to the sentence. Therefore, recently, the concept of ittisa' has been used to examine how more than one meaning occurs in a sentence at the same time. A sentence indicates multiple meanings at the same time when one of the following situations occurs: Different meanings of a word are understood in the sentence at the same time, patterns with more than one meaning, in some cases, although the meaning is the same, the words are interpreted differently due to their location, the acceptance of feminine structures as masculine, the pronoun in the sentence having more than one references and each of them being suitable to be understood, the ellipsis word has more than one reason and covering more than one meaning as all of them are possible, some of the words of the sentence normally spoken in a certain order are introduced/fronted and postponed/backward changing their places by taking and as a result the sentence indicates more than one meaning, Here, the sentence مَا أَغْفَلَكَ عَنَّا can be given as an example of ittisa. The letter ما in this sentence means both interrogative and admiration. Therefore, both meanings of the letter ما can be understood from this sentence. In other words, this sentence can simultaneously be understood as "what is the reason for your indifference towards us" or "how indifferent are you towards us". Understanding two different meanings at the same time in this way is an example of ittisa’. Although there are many studies on the subject of words having more than one meaning, it seems that not much work has been done on this subject in the literature. However, the situation where sentences have more than one meaning at the same time is at least as important as the first issue. This situation contains many rhetorical elements, especially in the style of the Quran. The use of many verses in the study also points to this situation. In this regard, in our study we will try to show in what ways the polysemy in the sentence emerges. For this purpose, first of all, the formation process of the concept of ittisa' will be tried to be revealed according to its historical background, and then this concept will be connected with some subjects in the sciences of lexicon, grammar, syntax and rhetoric. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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