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Digitalization has resulted in deep changes to the retail landscape, which have been the subject of extensive research. Most studies have only seen this growing phenomenon as a source of benefits for shoppers. However, this technological optimism runs into problems when the technologies offered by retailers are ignored or abandoned by shoppers. To address this gap, our research investigates how shoppers react to the digitalization of retailing through the prism of ambivalence. A systematic literature review identified a dataset of 108 papers in major journals published between 2005 and 2020. Our critical analysis revealed positive and negative reactions to digitalization among shoppers. Grouping these into pairs of two opposites, we propose an initial conceptualization of shopper ambivalence divided into eight distinct components. We also highlight the components of shopper ambivalence that merit further attention and offer a research agenda accordingly. Finally, our conceptualization may help managers to make sense of the heterogeneous reactions of shoppers to the technologies they offer.

PurposeThe objectives of the paper were to develop a theoretical framework of the online shopping experiences (OSE) concept, identify its constituent dimensions and subdimensions, and propose and test a comprehensive measurement scale that would incorporate and reconcile existing fragmented approaches to the phenomenon.Design/methodology/approachThis paper utilized a mixed-method approach to conceptualize a complex phenomenon of online shopping experiences (OSE). Study 1 employed the grounded theory approach to understand the phenomenon, propose its comprehensive definition and a conceptual model. Study 2 developed and tested a comprehensive OSE measurement scale.FindingsThe study conceptualized OSE as a second-order construct with four mutually-connected constituent dimensions of OSE: practices, context, values and emotions, and their respective 21 subdimensions. It developed and validated a comprehensive scale that is superior to earlier proposed fragmented measures of OSE.Research limitations/implicationsThe proposed theoretical framework can serve as a foundation for the OSE research stream and consolidate existing findings by providing a conceptual umbrella for different OSE aspects addressed in earlier research. The OSE measurement scale can be used to assess the impact of each OSE component on satisfaction and loyalty in different shopping situations.Practical implicationsThe findings can assist retailers in evaluating usefulness of various tools in eliciting certain experiential effects, devising specific approaches to consumers at different touch points along their dynamic OSEs and developing engagement tactics for various shopping environments.Originality/valueThe study combined qualitative and quantitative approaches to offer a most comprehensive and unifying conceptualization and measurement instrument of OSEs.

Zwitterionic, cationic, and anionic per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are increasingly reported in terrestrial and aquatic environments, but their inputs to agricultural lands are not fully understood. Here, we characterized PFAS in 47 organic waste products (OWP) applied in agricultural fields of France, including historical and recent materials. Overall, 160 PFAS from 42 classes were detected from target screening and homologue-based nontarget screening. Target PFAS were low in agriculture-derived wastes such as pig slurry, poultry manure, or dairy cattle manure (median ∑46PFAS: 0.66 μg/kg dry matter). Higher PFAS levels were reported in urban and industrial wastes, paper mill sludge, sewage sludge, or residual household waste composts (median ∑46PFAS: 220 μg/kg). Historical municipal biosolids and composts (1976–1998) were dominated by perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamido acetic acid (EtFOSAA), and cationic and zwitterionic electrochemical fluorination precursors to PFOS. Contemporaneous urban OWP (2009–2017) were rather dominated by zwitterionic fluorotelomers, which represented on average 55% of ∑160PFAS (max: 97%). The fluorotelomer sulfonamidopropyl betaines (X:2 FTSA-PrB, median: 110 μg/kg, max: 1300 μg/kg) were the emerging class with the highest occurrence and prevalence in contemporary urban OWP. They were also detected as early as 1985. The study informs for the first time that urban sludges and composts can be a significant repository of zwitterionic and cationic PFAS.

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The term Organic Waste Products (OWPs) encompasses a wide range of byproducts such as manure, sewage sludge or green waste compost. The use of OWPs impacts soil quality and functioning, agricultural yields, carbon (C) sequestration, biogeochemical cycles of nutrients like nitrogen (N) or phosphorus, and organic matter (OM) dynamics. These impacts likely depend on the considered OWP.Taking advantage of 3 mid to long-term experimental trials (6 to 20 years) located in the Northern part of France (Paris region; Brittany; Alsace), we investigated the impact of 16 different OWPs on C content and stability. To do so, surface soil samples from replicated plots amended with the different OWPs used either alone or in addition with mineral N fertilization and appropriated control treatments were analyzed using Rock-Eval 6® thermal analyses. Samples taken up at the onset of the experiment and after 6, 18 and 20 years for the 3 sites respectively were analyzed. It resulted in the analyses of 248 different samples whose Rock-Eval 6® (RE6) signature can be used as a proxy for soil organic carbon (SOC) biogeochemical stability. In particular, we determined 2 RE6 parameters that were related to SOC biogeochemical stability in previous studies (e.g. Barré et al., 2016): HI (the amount of hydrogen-rich effluents formed during the pyrolysis phase of RE6; mgCH.g-1 SOC), and T50 CO2 oxidation (the temperature at which 50% of the residual organic C was oxidized to CO2 during the RE6 oxidation phase; °C). We also computed the amount of centennially stable SOC from RE6 parameters using the model developed in Cécillon et al. (2018). Our results showed that no clear effect of OWPs addition can be established for the youngest site (6 years). On the contrary, OWPs amendments had a clear effect on SOC quantity and quality at the sites having experienced 18 and 20 years of OWPs addition. For these sites, OWPs amendments increased SOC content, decreased SOC thermal stability (T50 CO2 oxidation) and increased the Rock-Eval 6® Hydrogen Index (HI) compared to control plots. OWPs amendments tended to increase slightly the amount of centennially stable SOC at the sites having experienced 20 years of repeated OWPs application. Our results suggest that if OWPs addition does increase SOC content, at least in the long run, the majority of this additional SOC is labile and may be quickly lost if OWPs additions are stopped. References:Barré P., Plante A.F., Cécillon L., Lutfalla S., Baudin F., Bernard S., Christensen B.T., Eglin T., Fernandez J.M., Houot S., Kätterer T., Le Guillou C., Macdonald A., van Oort F. & Chenu C. (2016) The energetic and chemical signatures of persistent soil organic matter. Biogeochemistry, 130: 1-12.Cécillon L., Baudin F., Chenu C., Houot S., Jolivet R., Kätterer T., Lutfalla S., Macdonald A.J., van Oort F., Plante A.F., Savignac F., Soucémarianadin L.N. & Barré P. (2018) A model based on Rock-Eval thermal analysis to quantify the size of the centennially persistent organic carbon pool in temperate soils. Biogeosciences, 15, 2835-2849.

Twenty years after the pioneering article devoted to interactive home shopping by Alba et al., this research intends to study the situation of home online shopping (SHOS). An observation is carried out using video recording to examine the real practices that occur behind the screen. Two theoretical approaches are distinguished (classic and participatory). A new conceptualization of the situation is proposed that rests on three factors: the participants, spatial dimension, and time dimension. An analysis of the results highlights a main participant who interacts with other participants and business websites in addition to their spatial mobility and the materiality of the situation with its discontinuous characteristic. The fragmentation of the SHOS is emphasized. In addition to a new conceptualization of the situation, this research aims to relativize the online immersion process (flow) and to integrate the SHOS into a real omni-channel strategy.

International audience; Vingt ans après l’article prospectif d’Alba et al. (1997) consacré à l’achat interactif à domicile, cette recherche propose un examen de la situation de shopping en ligne à domicile (SHADO). Elle repose sur une observation des pratiques de SHADO afin de voir et de savoir ce qui se passe derrière l’écran. L’article distingue deux approches théoriques de la situation (classique et participative) et conduit à renouveler la conceptualisation de la situation autour du triptyque « participants – dimension spatiale – dimension temporelle ». Les résultats mettent en évidence un acteur principal en interaction avec d’autres participants et des sites marchands, la mobilité spatiale et la matérialité de la situation ainsi que son caractère discontinu. La fragmentation de la situation de SHADO est soulignée. Outre l’élaboration d’un nouveau cadre conceptuel, la recherche conduit à relativiser l’immersion en ligne et à intégrer le SHADO au sein d’une véritable stratégie omni-canal

International audience; The variable Net Impacts, a key variable in the models for information systems evaluation, is rarely operationalized according to a rigorous method and never for the banking sector. DeLone and McLean (2016) note that the challenge of developing measures to evaluate information systems is still relevant. The measurement and conceptualization of variables in real contexts is both very important and relatively absent in the literature. This research aims at operationalizing the Net Impacts construct resulting from DeLone and McLean's (2016) evaluation model for information systems, in the specific context of retail banks. It also aims at highlighting the socio-demographic variables influencing this construct. This original work conducted with 763 people applies the Churchill paradigm (1979) to provide a reliable and valid measure of Net Impacts, inspired by the Balanced Score Card. The main result of the research concerns the empirical validation of the measure of Net Impacts. This tool consists of three categories, relating to customer satisfaction, productivity and risk and ten items, which take into account the user but also include customer perception. This three-dimensional construct shows how the information system supports the user in a wide spectrum of work. Also, by showing that in the banking field, only the function occupied by the user influences the perception of the impact of IS, we contribute to a better knowledge of the variables related to the evaluation of IS. Thus, this instrument represents a strategic tool for monitoring and guiding efforts to increase performance. The proposed instrument is very easy for CIOs and managers to use in order to evaluate their information systems with users.

International audience; Digitalization seems to be a "mantra" that retailers must follow. This positive outlook is not questioned by practitioners and academics. Building on a literature review on digitalization and local food, we reveal how this retailing trend can be source of paradoxes for consumers, and how these paradoxes are accentuated for local food shopping. Besides, as local foods are the subject of a muddled set of meanings for consumers, we contribute to the literature by providing a light of the concept of “local”.; La digitalisation du commerce de détail semble constituer une stratégie « idéale » à suivre pour tous les détaillants. Cette vision positive n’est que très peu interrogée tant par les praticiens que les chercheurs. A la lumière d’une revue de littérature sur la digitalisation et les produits alimentaires locaux, nous étudions comment cette mutation peut être source de paradoxes pour les consommateurs, et comment ces paradoxes sont renforcés dans le contexte du magasinage de produits alimentaires locaux. Ces derniers font d’ailleurs l’objet d’un ensemble confus de significations pour les consommateurs. Nous contribuons à la littérature en y apportant un éclairage.

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Recycling organic residues in agrosystems presents several benefits but faces the question of contaminants, among them a few trace metals which eventually accumulate in soils following regular applications of organic waste products (OWP) and represent an ecological risk. The increase of total trace metal contents in amended topsoils can be predicted by a mass balance approach, but the evolution of their available fractions is a more intricate issue. We aimed at modelling this evolution by using the dataset of a long-term field experiment of OWP applications (manure and three urban waste composts). Two operationally-defined fractions of 6 trace metals have been quantified in the OWP and amended topsoils between 2002 and 2015: the soluble and potentially available metals, extracted in 0.01 M CaCl2 and 0.05 M EDTA solutions, respectively. The potentially available metals have progressively increased in amended topsoils, at rates depending on elements and types of OWP. For Zn, these increases corresponded in average to inputs of potentially available Zn from OWP. But the soil stocks of potentially available Cu increased faster than from the inputs of EDTA-extractable Cu, showing linear regression slopes between 1.4 and 2.5, depending on OWP type. The influence of OWP has been provisionally interpreted in the light of their efficiency to increase soil organic matter and their inputs of reactive oxides. Soluble copper has increased with repeated amendments. But soluble cadmium, nickel and zinc have generally decreased, as they are influenced by changing soil variables such as pH and organic matter. Statistic models were used to unravel the relationships between soluble and EDTA-extractable metals and other soil variables. For Cu, the most satisfactory models just relate soluble and potentially available Cu. Developing such models could contribute to predict the long-term effects of a precise scenario of agricultural OWP recycling upon available trace metals in soils.

International audience; The emergent literature about omni-channel retailing invits to tackle the consumer's journey issue, that is to say the complex patronizing scenarios not only across physical stores and Internet websites but also communication touch points (social networks or mobile applications). Academic research about omni-channel retailing is still scarce on grocery shopping, especially on fresh products. Yet, the multiplication of transactional and relational touch points creates more complex grocery shopping journeys. Hyper and supermarkets stay the most patronized, but e-commerce attracts more and more consumers with the boom of drives and other devices (such as boxes, Amazon Pantry, click & collect solutions, etc.). Moreover, research on grocery shopping (Elms et al., 2016 ; Mareï et al. 2016) underline that the consumer of fresh products uses different distribution formats to make purchases. In particular, different shopping venues combine to meet daily needs. Therefore, based on an academic and empirical literature review, this research aims at contributing to the question of who will be the future retailers by investigating the grocery shopping consumers' journeys and proposes a research agenda.

What is the ‘online shopping experience’ (OSE) lived by the consumers? Early works suggest that the OSE is a construct incorporating four constituent dimensions: physical characteristics, ideological aspect, pragmatic aspects, and social aspect. The aim of this search is to enrich this conceptual framework though a qualitative investigation done in the US (summer 2017), and to propose a robust model of the OSE.Results analysis enables to identify interesting new aspects that conduct to propose a new conceptual model. Specifically, we propose that OSE is a three-order construct and distinguish the hedonic / utilitarian values from the components of the experience itself. An augmented conceptualization of the OSE is designed. Finally, new items on some characteristics such as loss of self-consciousness, rituals or interactions with others have to be further tested, in order to fine-tune some of the scales. The research project as a whole is still in progress and next steps are under process both in France and in the US., Quelle est “l’expérience de shopping en ligne” (ESL) vécue par les consommateurs ? Des travaux pionniers considèrent l’ESL comme un construit composé de quatre dimensions : physiques, idéologique, pragmatiques et sociale. L’objectif de cette recherche est de mettre à l’épreuve ce cadre conceptuel et de l’enrichir grâce une étude qualitative réalisée aux Etats-Unis (durant l’été 2017). L'analyse des résultats permet d'identifier de nouveaux éléments qui conduisent à proposer un nouveau modèle conceptuel pour l’ESL. Plus précisément, nous proposons d’envisager l’ESL comme un construit de troisième ordre et nous distinguons les valeurs hédoniques/utilitaires des composantes de l'expérience elle-même. Certains éléments, tels que la perte de conscience de soi, les rituels ou les interactions avec les autres doivent être testés plus avant. Le projet de recherche est toujours en cours, en France et aux États-Unis.

International audience

International audience

International audience; To compete in the age of omni-channel retailing, retailers are engaged in designing and implementing solutions that aim at " creating intersections " across touch points. They intend at interweaving touch points so that consumers can easily switch from one to another – either from web to store or from store to web. The deployment of these solutions is complex and retailers wonder how to better address this issue. The academic literature does not provide many answers to this question of deploying omni-channel interweaving solutions across digital and physical touch points as the latter have neither been identified nor classified. In this context, this research aims at improving the understanding of omni-channel retailing by (1) inventorying the omni-channel interweaving solutions presented in the literature, (2) carrying out a multiple case-study of six French retailers on the basis of 49 direct observations within different physical stores, six observations of websites and six observations of mobile applications, which allows to examine two research questions: (RQ1) Considering the possible omni-channel interweaving solutions, how do retailers use them and interconnect touch points? (RQ2) To what extent is the retail store design reconsidered in order to integrate these omni-channel interweaving solutions? The results provide preliminary support for (1) a preference for web/mobile-to store services compared to store-to-web/mobile solutions; (2) for five motives – utilitarian, hedonic, relational, informational and economic – for the use of these solutions; (3) differentiated ways of considering these solutions in the retail store design and e-retail store design.

International audience; What messages do these TV series transmit about consumption? How do prominent characters in these popular television series behave as consumers? And what does their consumption behavior signify regarding the outcomes they encounter and the roles they portray? These questions that E. Hirschman has been asked 25 years ago are still relevant. In this research, we intend to answer them in a contemporary context. Four US series have been chosen: Sex & the City and Desperate Housewifes, Gossip Girls and The Carrie Diaries. The interpretative approach employed to decode the consumption ideology embedded within these series is a structural semiotics framework. The representations of women in the purchasing process, far from been as subversives as the producers of theses series may promote, are still polarized between the shopping craze and the binding domestic activity.

International audience; This research article explores the content of consumers 's experience when they shop online and proposes a first step in conceptualizing the 'online shopping experience ' (OSE). First, we carried out an extended literature review and proposed an integrative conceptual framework. Then, we relied on a consumers discourse analysis with four focus groups with consumers who differ in terms of age, gender and online shopping experience. We define the OSE and propose a conceptualization through four core dimensions: the physical, ideological, pragmatic and social dimensions. Connections are established between the flow concept and the 'traditional' dimensions of experience, and specific shopping values are identified. Moreover, an appropriation process of commercial websites is revealed; beyond purchase intentions and rituals, the OSE is embodied by the use of online tools and patronage routines. Finally, social interactions with Facebook friends are one of the new practices considered.

Do all shopping mall customers have the same shopping experience? Literature is scarce concerning pedestrian shopping trips and activities that result from interactions with the shopping environment. The present study identifies four types of shopping paths (trajectories): ‘passing through’, ‘pragmatic’, ‘wandering’ and ‘appropriation’. Two hundred and nine ‘shopping trips’ were observed in a mall and analyzed using both a semiotics and a statistical approach (cluster and discriminant analysis). The trips reveal different ways of appropriating the retail environment. They indicate that the shopping experience is a co-creation developed by the shopper and the retail environment.

International audience

National audience

International audience; The 'online shopping experience' has recently been considered in marketing literature with the crossing of the fields of consumption experience, shopping experience, and online experience. A potential positive impact to the e-retailer's performance has been emphasized. The conceptualization of the 'online shopping experience' (OSE) is still at hand as neither operationalization nor quantitative, and empirical test have been realized yet. Using the procedure specific to a high-order hierarchical model with formative constructs, this research results to the first development of a measurement index consisting of 4 dimensions (physical, ideological, pragmatic, and social) to evaluate the OSE lived by the consumers. A quantitative survey has been conducted with 1142 respondents. The research delineates the scope of the OSE and defines reliable scales for evaluating the dimensions of the OSE, some of them missing from the literature.

International audience; The representations of women in the purchasing process are often polarized between the shopping craze and the binding domestic activity. These gendered views do not reflect the more intricate aspects accounting for the deed of purchase. This study analyzes the socio-cultural representations of women and shopping as well as women's imagination while shopping in the city, in other words, the "imageries" of women, drawing from academic sources as well as from popular culture. It aims at approaching women's complex, and often twofold relationship as regards the places and acts of purchase in the contemporary urban context.; Entre hysteria et corvée des courses, quelles sont les images des femmes dans l'activité de shopping? A partir d'une étude documentaire et de l'analyse d'un corpus de films et de séries télévisées, cette recherche explore les représentations socioculturelles des femmes dans la ville et leurs rapports à l'espace commercial, un des espaces de liberté des femmes et d'investissement de l'imaginaire féminin dans un cadre urbain essentiellement pensé par et pour les hommes. La fréquentation des lieux marchands reflète leur appropriation des commerces et un déficit d'apprentissage des espaces restant à combler. Shopping and the City: Imageries of women in/and town Abstract : The representations of women in the purchasing process are often polarized between the

Understanding soil phosphorus (P) changes under continuous cropping over decades is an important agronomic and environmental issue. The objective of this study was to examine changes in total P stock of the plough soil layer of a cultivated ecosystem in relation to P balance. The long-term field experiment Qualiagro (INRA – Veolia Environnement) was established at Feucherolles, France, in 1998. Five treatments were designed and replicated in four blocks. Farmyard manure (FYM) and three types of composts (Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Biowastes (BIOW) and Green Waste + Sewage Sludges (GWS)) were applied every two years at a rate of 4 t C ha-1. A control received no organic amendment. Changes of total P stock in the plough layer (0-28 cm) were compared to cumulated soil P balance since 1998, calculated as the difference between cumulated P input, as supplied through organic amendment and at seedling, and cumulated P output, by harvest of grains and crop residues if removed. Total soil P content and bulk soil density were determined at five soil sampling dates, crop yield and P content were measured annually. Cumulated P input for the 1998-2013 period ranged from 340 to 1695 kg P ha-1 for MSW and GWS respectively. Cumulated P export by crops was influenced by treatments. Soil bulk density increased less in amended soils than in control. A linear relationship between total soil P stock variation and soil P balance was found, close to the 1:1 line. These results confirm that P outputs through erosion, runoff and leaching were negligible. Contribution of subsoil to crop nutrition was estimated to be close to 0.5-1 kg P ha-1.

Résumé Tous les clients empruntent-ils les mêmes itinéraires ? Les parcours de magasinage et les comportements issus de l’interaction avec l’espace commercial sont peu étudiés. A partir d’une observation de 209 parcours dans un centre commercial, cette recherche identifie quatre types de parcours : le « passage », le « pragmatique », la « pérégrination » et « l’appropriation ». La typologie est obtenue par une analyse sémiotique, confirmée par une analyse statistique (nuées dynamiques puis analyse discriminante). Les parcours traduisent les différentes appropriations de l’espace commercial. Ils expriment en actes les expériences co-créées par les magasineurs et leur environnement.

International audience; This research tackles the issue of shopping experience in an online environment. Previous studies have already focused on consumption experiences (Holt, 1995; Arnould and Thompson, 2005) and consumer experiences on the web focusing on 'browsing' and 'flow' online (Hoffman, Novak, 1996, 2009). This paper intends to examine online shopping experience from three aspects: the physical, ideological and pragmatic dimensions. As an exploratory research study, a qualitative research method was used (in France) with four focus groups –thirty-one consumers who differ in terms of age, gender and consumer experience. The results highlighted the three proposed dimensions and underline as core issue the pragmatic dimension of online shopping experience. Indeed, if the ideological aspect of shopping experience has already been discussed, as well as some of the concrete elements of the shopping experience online, some key aspects of online shopping experience have been pointed out, for instance the social interactions with friends. Above all, the appropriation process of commercial websites is here underlined; beyond purchase intentions, shoppers have different uses and rituals with Internet tools, that characterize different online shopping experiences.

International audience; This research tackles the issue of shopping experiences in an online environment. Previous studies have already focused on consumption experiences (Holt, 1995; Arnould and Thompson, 2005) and consumer experiences on the web focusing on 'browsing' and 'flow' online (Hoffman, Novak, 1996, 2009). This paper intends to examine online shopping experiences from three aspects: the physical, ideological and pragmatic dimensions. As an exploratory research study, a qualitative research method was used (in France) with four focus groups –thirty-one consumers who differ in terms of age, gender and consumer experience. The results highlighted the three proposed dimensions and underline as core issues online trust (or mistrust), age and online social interactions with friends. The appropriation process of commercial websites is also considered.

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Our research aims to better understand women's pedestrian shopping routes for clothing and footwear. To meet the two research objectives, the understanding and description of a very little known phenomenon, our methodology follows a two-step process. 1) A qualitative approach consisting of a filmed observation of the paths interpreted by a semiotic analysis, completed by the analysis of a series of semi-directive interviews. 2) The results obtained led us to an empirical study by face-to-face administration in the city centre of 1251 questionnaires leading to structural modelling. Theoretical and managerial contributions are: 1) A typology of the routes; these are independent of the place of residence, which calls into question the relevance of using traditional commercial location models for prêt-à-porter outlets in the city centre; we measured the effect of important antecedents: the value of shopping and, to a lesser extent, the negative effect of the crowd, as well as the role of time pressure and the presence of carers. 2) The creation and validation of a three-dimensional scale of the commercial multilocation judgment. 3) Operational implications in terms of urban planning and marketing. The limitations are related to the exploratory nature of the research. At the methodological level, the textual analysis used does not allow the operationalization of certain variables. At the conceptual level, the validation of the model must be improved, in particular by providing reliable and valid measurement instruments. Thus the results of this research lead us to consider two main avenues of research: first, to complete the description of the pathways with studies on consumer groups or tribes. Then, adapt instruments to measure the history of shopping trips.; Notre recherche se propose de mieux connaître les parcours piétonniers de magasinage des femmes pour l'habillement et les chaussures. Pour répondre aux deux objectifs de recherche, la compréhension et la description d'un phénomène très peu connu, notre métodologie suit un processus en deux temps. 1) Une approche qualitative composée d'une observation filmée des parcours interprétés par une analyse sémiotique, complétée par l'analyse d'une série d'entretiens semi-directifs. 2) Les résultats obtenus nous ont conduit à une étude empirique par administration en face-à-face en centre-ville de 1251 questionnaires conduisant à une modélisation structurale. Les apports théoriques et managériaux sont : 1) Une typologie des parcours ; ceux-ci sont indépendants du lieu d'habitation, ce qui remet en cause la pertinence de l'utilisation des modélisations traditionnelles de localisation commerciale pour les points de vente de prêt-à-porter du centre-ville ; nous avons mesuré l'effet d'antécédents importants : la valeur de magasinage et dans une moindre mesure l'effet négatif de la foule, ainsi que le rôle de la pression temporelle et de la présence d'accompagnants. 2) La création et la validation d'une échelle tridimensionnelle du jugement de multilocalisation commerciale. 3) Des implications opérationnelles en terme urbanistiques et marketing. Les limites sont liées au caractère exploratoire de la recherche. Au niveau méthodologique, l'analyse textuelle utilisée ne permet pas l'opérationnalisation de certaines variables. Au niveau conceptuel, la validation du modèle doit être améliorée, notamment par l'apport d'instruments de mesures fiables et valides. Ainsi les résultats de cette recherche nous conduisent à envisager deux voies de recherche principales : tout d'abord, compléter la description des parcours par des études sur les groupes ou les tribus de consommateurs. Puis, adapter des instruments de mesure des antécédents des parcours de magasinage.

International audience; Étant donné l’évolution des comportements spatiaux, il est important de développer un marketing spatial plus dynamique. Il s’agit non plus de gérer des stocks de clientèle en fonction de leur lieu de résidence ou de travail mais de capter les flux de clientèle transitant dans l’espace commercial. Après avoir précisé les caractéristiques des mobilités des consommateurs, cet article examine les enjeux d’ordre méthodologique et opérationnel qu’elles engendrent.

International audience; While marketing research focuses on sensitive and ideological components of experience, research in practices, uses and rituals that form the shopping experience has been scarce. The objective of this theoretical research is to identify the different components of the experience in those different spaces such as urban spaces and virtual ones. To achieve this objective, the conceptual framework is the environmental psychological sociology that explains the coproduction of shopping experience by the shopper and the brand. The main concept used is the appropriation of the commercial environment. Operationalisation of the construct and methodological approaches are proposed.; Si les recherches en marketing ont souligné la dimension rhétorique et la dimension idéologique de l'expérience, peu se sont penchées sur les pratiques et rituels qui sont les relais de l'expérience de magasinage. Cette recherche théorique vise à identifier les composantes des expériences de magasinage dans les différents espaces commerciaux qu'ils soient urbains ou virtuels. Le cadre conceptuel choisi est celui de la perspective psychosociale de l'environnement, qui permet, au travers du concept d'appropriation, de rendre compte de la coproduction d'expérience par les distributeurs et les magasineurs dans les espaces marchands. L'article propose une opérationnalisation des expériences de magasinage et des approches méthodologiques adaptées pour des recherches futures.

Work in progress; International audience; Digitalization seems to be a "mantra" that retailers must follow. This positive outlook is not questioned by practitioners and academics. Building on a literature review on digitalization and local food, we reveal how this retailing trend can be source of paradoxes for consumers, and how these paradoxes are accentuated for local food shopping. Besides, as local foods are the subject of a muddled set of meanings for consumers, we contribute to the literature by providing a light of the concept of "local".; Le paysage de la distribution change sous l’influence conjuguée de différents phénomènes dont la digitalisation (Verhoef, Kannan et Inman, 2015). Le parcours d’un client ne se limite plus à un point de vente physique ou un site Internet mais consiste en une déambulation inter- et intra-canaux (Chou & al., 2016). Le développement d’objets connectés (Bèzes, 2019; Grewal, Roggeveen et Nordfält, 2017) rend possible l’accès à de multiples points de contacts à tout moment et en tout lieu (Kuehnl, Jozic et Homburg, 2019). Les consommateurs cherchent à les utiliser de façon combinée, à passer de l’un à l’autre pour se bricoler une expérience hybride sur-mesure (Collin-Lachaud et Vanheems, 2016). Ils aspirent à vivre des parcours de shopping fluides et « sans couture », notamment dans le secteur alimentaire (Michaud-Trévinal et Hérault-Fournier, 2017). De nombreuses recherches ont été menées pour analyser cette mutation de la distribution. Cependant, tout en signalant parfois les difficultés inhérentes à sa mise en place, la grande majorité des recherches s’intéresse aux bénéfices de la digitalisation, sans discuter des paradoxes qu’elle est susceptible d’engendrer. De plus, les recherches existantes ne prennent le plus souvent pas pour objet le magasinage alimentaire et encore moins le magasinage de produits locaux. Confrontés à des consommateurs connectés, les producteurs s’interrogent sur la place à accorder à la digitalisation dans la commercialisation de leurs produits. Tant la généralisation des parcours cross-canal des consommateurs (Lemon et Verhoef, 2016) que les investissements nécessaires pour opérer cette digitalisation requièrent de nouvelles recherches. Il semble intéressant d’investiguer plus en profondeur et surtout de manière plus critique cette mutation (Collin-Lachaud et Longo, 2018), notamment dans le commerce de produits locaux. Aussi, nous réalisons une revue de littérature pour comprendre les significations associées par les consommateurs au magasinage de produits locaux et leur compatibilité avec celles qu’ils associent à la digitalisation du commerce de détail. Nos analyses montrent l’absence d’un consensus autour d’une définition du concept « local » (Memery & al., 2015; Pearson & al., 2011) et l’intérêt d’une clarification du concept pour les différents acteurs (Tregear, 2011). Reprenant les contributions de Blake, Mellor et Crane (2010), nous proposons une définition du produit alimentaire local à partir des significations multi-dimensionnelles associées au « local ». En outre, l’analyse de la littérature révèle l’influence des ressources relatives à la digitalisation dans le magasinage de ces consommateurs (par exemple, l’application mobile La Ruche qui dit Oui permet de commander plusieurs aliments locaux avant de les retirer dans un point relais près de chez soi). Si l’abondance de ressources réduit l’asymétrie d’informations du chaland et lui donne l’impression d’une plus grande clairvoyance, paradoxalement, cette mutation engendre des risques relatifs à la recherche d’informations, à la divulgation de données personnelles et au paiement. En outre, bien que les relations du consommateur soient enrichies par les possibilités spatio-temporelles du magasinage sur Internet - possibilités d’interagir avec un détaillant ou d’autres consommateurs sur différents points de contact, en tout lieu et à tout moment -, la littérature relève une possible déshumanisation des relations, du fait de relations de plus en plus virtuelles. Or la spécificité du magasinage de produits locaux réside notamment dans la proximité avec les producteurs, notamment le besoin de vouloir interagir directement avec le producteur ou avec une communauté locale. C’est pourquoi il est important de considérer d’une part les significations associées au magasinage d’aliments locaux, et d’autre part les paradoxes de l’influence de la digitalisation sur ce magasinage. Si ce n’est plus nombreux, ils sont susceptibles d’être plus intensifs concernant le magasinage de produits alimentaires locaux. Avant d’épouser cette digitalisation, il convient aux entreprises, détaillants et producteurs de tenir compte de sa bivalence.

International audience; The paper proposes a measure of the perception of multilocation in order to examine itspotential impact on the shoppers’ attitudes. Indeed, numbers of brands choose to exploitseveral stores within a reduced shopping area in order to ensure their development.Researches in retailing have tackled the issue of multilocation from the retailers’ perspective,but there is no research from the consumers’ perspective. Not being “customer centric”,measuring the impact of multilocation on shopping behaviors can produce better outcomes forthe firm and for the consumer.To measure the shoppers’ perception of multilocation, a new scale was created. The mainresult of our research is that shoppers’ perception of multilocation is not a positive and simpleconstruct. Faced with a standardization of shopping areas and homogeneous streets, shoppersmay also develop a negative attitude.

International audience