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In this paper, a new computational topological framework for hypergraph analysis and recognition is developed. “Topology provides scale” is the principle at the core of this set of algebraic topological tools, whose fundamental notion is that of a scale-space topological model (s2-model). The scale of this parameterized sequence of algebraic hypergraphs, all having the same EulerPoincaré characteristic than the original hypergraph G, is provided by its relational topology in terms of evolution of incidence or adjacency connectivity maps. Its algebraic homological counterpart is again an s2-model, allowing the computation of new topological characteristics of G, which far exceeds current homological analytical techniques. Both scale-space algebraic dynamical systems are hypergraph isomorphic invariants. The hypergraph isomorphism problem is attacked here to demonstrate the power of the proposed framework, by proving the ability of s2-models to differentiate challenging cases that are difficult or even infeasible for state-of-the-art practical polynomial solvers. The processing, analysis, classification and learning power of the s2-model, at both combinatorial and algebraic levels, augurs positive prospects with respect to its application to physical, biological and social network analysis.

545 p., La actividad vitivinícola del jerez en El Puerto de Santa María ha generado un paisaje singular. La presente investigación se centra en la caracterización de la escala urbana de este paisaje desde que comienza su construcción, a inicios del siglo XIX, hasta la actualidad. El principal objetivo es la caracterización y valorización de la realidad territorial y urbana del jerez como un paisaje patrimonial, concentrando este estudio en el caso portuense. Con este fin se ha seguido una metodología puente que ha permitido abordar las cuestiones paisajísticas del fenómeno analizado desde el campo de la arquitectura y el urbanismo. A este respecto se ha estructurado la investigación en seis grandes bloques de conocimiento que, siguiendo la metodología y nociones de paisaje planteadas desde organismos internacionales, se corresponden con los aspectos a tener en cuenta a la hora de caracterizar un paisaje concreto. Destacándose entre ellos las cuestiones relativas a la caracterización del medio físico, la articulación territorial, las actividades antrópicas, y la percepción del paisaje.El primer bloque se concentra en la fundamentación teórica y metodológica necesaria para la comprensión del fenómeno paisajístico aplicado al caso de estudio: el paisaje urbano del jerez. Teniendo en cuenta que se trata de un estudio de paisaje de la producción en la escala funcional del mismo. El segundo está dedicado a la caracterización del medio sobre el que se desarrolla este paisaje en sus diversas escalas y a la articulación territorial del Marco en el que se enclava. El tercer bloque se concentra en el análisis de la actividad vitivinícola del jerez en el tiempo y en el estudio de los elementos materiales inmuebles que conforman el paisaje bodeguero portuense. Por otro lado, el cuarto bloque se corresponde con el análisis de la construcción del paisaje del jerez en El Puerto de Santa María a través de los distintos procesos urbanos que lo configuran, estableciendo relaciones entre los p

582 p., Esta investigación profundiza en el proceso de transformación de las iglesias guipuzcoanas a lo largo delsiglo XVI, con la intención de contribuir a paliar, al menos parcialmente, el vacío historiográfico existente en torno a un fenómeno arquitectónico que, habiendo mantenido su integridad hasta nuestrosdías, constituye el gran referente de la arquitectura histórica de la provincia de Gipuzkoa.Por un lado, a través del análisis de un número significativo de ejemplos (aquellas iglesias parroquialescorrespondientes a la mayoría de los núcleos poblacionales constituidos como villas a comienzos delsiglo XVI), se ha planteado el desarrollo de una visión aproximada del contexto general de dicho procesoconstructivo, tratando de caracterizar la casuística y las características de un fenómeno de tales dimensiones. Para ello se ha profundizado en el contexto socio-político, económico y demográfico de la sociedad guipuzcoana desde finales del siglo XV, centrándose de manera específica en aquellos documentos contractuales o de peritación, extraídos de las fuentes documentales, que permitan caracterizar los procesos constructivos de estas iglesias.Por otro lado, y a través de un análisis más específico, se ha tratado de contextualizar este fenómeno en el paisaje de la arquitectura tardogótica, identificando los mecanismos de diseño o control formal de dichas edificaciones mediante una comparativa con las reglas recogidas en los documentos más importantes detradición de la arquitectura tardogótica, como son, los tratados tardogóticos alemanes de finales del sigloXV y principios del siglo XVI y la parte atribuida a Rodrigo Gil de Hontañón en el Compendio de Arquitectura de Simón García. Para ello, se ha analizado la relación histórica, desde la Antigüedad hasta el siglo XVI, de los mecanismos de la expresión gráfica arquitectónica como herramientas de control previo de la forma, a través de la interrelación entre el dibujo arquitectónico, los trazados proporcionales y los trazados

322 p., La adopción de la metodología BIM (building information modelling) Information modelcomo tecnología especializada en estructurar la información de los edificios en representaciones 3D ha sido ampliamente testada en la fase de diseño y construcción, pero no tanto en la fase de operación y mantenimiento. Además, su implementación en la gestión del ciclo de vida se ha desarrollado principalmente en edificios de nueva planta que han sido diseñados y construidos usando BIM.La tesis plantea un modelo conceptual de las características que tendría el proceso de implantación BIM para su uso en la gestión de la fase de operación y mantenimiento de edificios universitarios existentes que no cuenten con modelos BIM previos. El método de investigación seguido es el DSRM (design science research methodology) que plantea un proceso cíclico de desarrollo, mejora continua y evaluación que se materializa en un artefacto que da solución a un problema. El problema sería la gestión de la información relativa a operación y mantenimiento, y el artefacto, el modelo conceptual de implantación BIM como método de gestión de datos.

La República Democrática Alemana (DDR) sigue siendo una realidad desconocida, suspendida en el tiempo, y acercarse a ella no resulta sencillo. A pesar de que la Reunificación de 1989 pareció absorber a los vecinos del Este bajo el sistema de la República Democrática Alemana (BRD), todavía hoy es posible asomarse al otro lado del muro a través de la revista Architektur der DDR. Tomando como referente las páginas de esta publicación, la presente ponencia analiza la arquitectura escolar de este territorio históricamente inhóspito, tratando de entender cómo las políticas de la «sozialistische Gesellschaft» se traducen en un modelo educativo que cristaliza en tipologías arquitectónicas determinadas. Desde esta óptica, la tipología arquitectónica escolar se definirá a través de datos cuantitativos, esquemas y diagramas de planificación económica, social y espacial. El edificio no será, por tanto, solo un dispositivo formal, sino que se entenderá como un producto que debe ajustarse a las lógicas de rentabilidad y sostenibilidad, atendiendo a la capacidad económica del Estado y a la productividad en su conjunto., Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::16 - Pau, Justícia i Institucions Sòlides, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::16 - Pau, Justícia i Institucions Sòlides::16.6 - Crear unes institucions eficaces, responsables i transparents a tots els nivells, Postprint (published version)

In response to the changing climate, effective building design is crucial for regulating indoor conditions while minimizing the energy consumption. This study addresses the impact of translucent fabric layers (indoor curtains) as solar protection devices, considering user-driven factors in their energy performance. We measure the indoor radiation in a residential case study in two phases: (i) a supervised phase over a day, with curtains rolled up and down by the investigators, and (ii) an unsupervised long-term phase (1.5 years) where curtains were controlled by the users. In the supervised phase, the curtains demonstrate an average filtering coefficient of 51.5%, which varies throughout the day: a minimum filtering coefficient of 40% occurs around solar noon, while raises up to 70% in the evening. In the unsupervised phase, curtains remain down for over 30% of the year, with users' choices possibly influenced by factors beyond thermal considerations. These results enhance our understanding of user interactions with movable passive systems and offer valuable insights for the design of energy-efficient buildings., Postprint (published version)

Optical point-to-multipoint (P2MP) connectivity based on digital subcarrier multiplexing (DSCM) has been shown as a solution for the metro-access segment that is able to reduce capital and operational costs and support the capacity and high dynamicity needs of future 6G services. To achieve maximum performance, activation and deactivation of subcarriers must be done near-real-time to provide just the capacity needed to support the input traffic. In this paper, we investigate the applicability of various approaches capable of supporting the near-real-time operation requirement. Starting from the centralized approach that can be carried out on the centralized software-defined networking (SDN) controller, we also explore distributed approaches that might relieve the SDN controller from near-real-time operation. In particular, we explore the performance of deploying a multiagent system (MAS), where intelligent agents run on top of the nodes in the P2MP tree and communicate among them. Illustrative results show that the distributed approaches can achieve a performance close to that of the centralized one, while reducing communication needs. Results also show the importance of traffic/capacity prediction to anticipate the activation of subcarriers., The research leading to these results has received funding from the Smart Networks and Services Joint Undertaking under the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under Grant Agreement No. 101096120 (SEASON), the MICINN IBON (PID2020-114135RB-I00) project and from the ICREA Institution., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Postprint (author's final draft)

© 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes,creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works., Time-domain digital twin models for single carrier and DSCM signals are developed that propagate features to estimate the impact of filter penalties on the BER. Results show remarkable accuracy, which is used for lightpath provisioning., The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community through the MSCA MENTOR (G.A. 956713), the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme SEASON (G.A. 101096120), the MICINN IBON (PID2020-114135RB-I00) and from the ICREA Institution., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

The city is a complex reality of uses that can be analyzed and represented through maps. The difficulty relies on the fact that the same piece of land in a plan view may contain different uses at different heights. This paper presents a method to graphically represent the functional complexity of cities through the colorimetric subtraction. We study the case of Barcelona, where the uses provided by the Catastro are grouped into three categories according to their rhythm: Regular, Variable and Intensive. Each group is assigned a CMY primary color (cyan, magenta, yellow). On the map, each building is represented according to the CMY color corresponding to its use, or according to the resulting color from the mixture of two or three primary colors (red, green, blue or black) if the building hosts several rhythms. The result shows that the distribution of urban rhythms is not homogeneous and varies significantly between urban areas. Intensive (31.5%) and Regular (25.9%) rhythms are the most common in Barcelona. It also makes it possible to differentiate areas of identical urban morphology (Eixample) but with very different activity and life (e.g. Passeig de Gràcia and Poblenou). This method can be applied to other cities as well, making it a useful analysis tool for urban planners, policymakers, and researchers., Postprint (published version)

The AI-SPRINT project, launched in 2021 and funded by the European Commission, focuses on the development and implementation of AI applications across the computing continuum. This continuum ensures the coherent integration of computational resources and services from centralized data centers to edge devices, facilitating efficient and adaptive computation and application delivery. AI-SPRINT has achieved significant scientific advances, including streamlined processes, improved efficiency, and the ability to operate in real time, as evidenced by three practical use cases. This paper provides an in-depth examination of these applications – Personalized Healthcare, Maintenance and Inspection, and Farming 4.0 – highlighting their practical implementation and the objectives achieved with the integration of AI-SPRINT technologies. We analyze how the proposed toolchain effectively addresses a range of challenges and refines processes, discussing its relevance and impact in multiple domains . After a comprehensive overview of the main AI-SPRINT tools used in these scenarios, the paper summarizes of the findings and key lessons learned., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

The use of bio-based building materials is a sustainable opportunity to reduce the environmental footprint associated with the construction sector. The achievement of this objective is primely achieved through the valorisation of vegetable waste, resulting in a reduction in the use of primary source material and waste generation. Within the scope of this study, the focus is directed towards research concerning the thermal, acoustic, and fire behaviour properties of bio-based building materials. This study conducts a comprehensive bibliometric analysis encompassing all documents meeting these criteria within the Scopus database, spanning two decades, from 2003 to 2023. The comprehensive analysis covered a total of 1081 documents, which were analysed. This analysis furnishes insight into various facets, including the temporal evolution of publications, journals boasting the highest publication counts and impact, influential research areas, countries with substantial contributions and their collaborative patterns, noteworthy affiliations, prolific authors, and seminal documents, alongside recurrent keywords. The objective of this comprehensive study is to provide a detailed analysis of the documents published up to the present day, in order to identify research gaps and potential opportunities in this field, to assist new researchers interested in the subject. The analysis reveals that bio-based building materials have gained substantial attention over the past decade. With each passing year, the published documents have increased their impact and become more specific, underscoring the growing importance of this subject. This evolution has also fostered a broader network of researchers engaged in this field. However, it is noteworthy that the characterization of these materials focuses predominantly on their thermal properties, while research avenues related to acoustic and fire properties remain less explored and present opportunities for future investigation., This work was supported by the Spanish MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 through the research project BioSAFE (PID2020–117530RB-I00). Also, they want to thank the Generalitat de Catalunya for the quality accreditation given to the research group GICITED (2021 SGR 01405) and the European Union Erasmus+ Programme for the project Bio-Fibre (2022–1-DK01-KA220-HED00086641). B. A-C, gratefully acknowledges receipt the financial support of the Spanish Minister scholarship: “Subprograma Estatal de Formacionó del Programa Estatal para Desarrollar, Atraer y Retener Talento, en el marco del Plan Estatal de Investigación Científica, Técnica y de Innovación 2021–2023”., Peer Reviewed, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::11 - Ciutats i Comunitats Sostenibles, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum Responsables, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::12 - Producció i Consum Responsables::12.1 - Aplicar el Marc decennal de programes sobre modalitats de consum i producció sos­tenibles, amb la participació de tots els països i el lideratge dels països desenvolupats, tenint en compte el grau de desenvolupament i les capacitats dels països en desenvolupament, Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::9 - Indústria, Innovació i Infraestructura, Postprint (published version)

Despite the large impact chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) that has on the population, the implementation of new technologies for diagnosis and treatment remains limited. Current practices in ambulatory oxygen therapy used in COPD rely on fixed doses overlooking the diverse activities which patients engage in. To address this challenge, we propose a software architecture aimed at delivering patient-personalized edge-based artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted models that are built upon data collected from patients’ previous experiences along with an evaluation function. The main objectives reside in proactively administering precise oxygen dosages in real time to the patient (the edge), leveraging individual patient data, previous experiences, and actual activity levels, thereby representing a substantial advancement over conventional oxygen dosing. Through a pilot test using vital sign data from a cohort of five patients, the limitations of a one-size-fits-all approach are demonstrated, thus highlighting the need for personalized treatment strategies. This study underscores the importance of adopting advanced technological approaches for ambulatory oxygen therapy., This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and FEDER, grant number PID2021-124463OB-100, and by the AGAUR Catalan Agency, grant number 2021_SGR_00326., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Identifying conserved (similar) three-dimensional patterns among a set of proteins can be helpful for the rational design of polypharmacological drugs. Some available tools allow this identification from a limited perspective, only considering the available information, such as known binding sites or previously annotated structural motifs. Thus, these approaches do not look for similarities among all putative orthosteric and or allosteric bindings sites between protein structures. To overcome this tech-weakness Geomfinder was developed, an algorithm for the estimation of similarities between all pairs of three-dimensional amino acids patterns detected in any two given protein structures, which works without information about their known patterns. Even though Geomfinder is a functional alternative to compare small structural proteins, it is computationally unfeasible for the case of large protein processing and the algorithm needs to improve its performance. This work presents several parallel versions of the Geomfinder to exploit SMPs, distributed memory systems, hybrid version of SMP and distributed memory systems, and GPU based systems. Results show significant improvements in performance as compared to the original version and achieve up to 24.5x speedup when analyzing proteins of average size and up to 95.4x in larger proteins, This research was funded by DICYT-USACH grant 5392102RP-AC and the Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT) grants 1191133 and 1170662 and from Spanish Government (projects SEV2015-0493 and TIN2015-65316-P, grant BES-2016-078046), and from Generalitat de Catalunya (contracts 2017-SGR1414 and 2017-SGR-1328). The web-server is hosted in the cluster obtained with the grant CONICYT-FONDEQUIPEQM160063., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

In the field of urban building energy models (UBEM), the significant mismatch between simulation results and energy metered data is one of the most important barriers when using them as a planning tool. Their implementation requires a great amount of detailed building-related data, which is not always available. These data could be collected or measured for a small group of existing buildings, however such detailed data collection effort becomes impractical for large urban areas. Therefore, UBEM require certain simplifications and assumptions which can distance the input data from reality, leading to a performance gap. In this sense, knowing the influence of all the input parameters on UBEM simulation results would allow to focus the data collection efforts on the inputs with the greatest sensitivity. In this context, the aim of this research is to quantify the influence of the window-to-wall ratio (WWR) input parameter in an UBEM implemented on the residential building stock in Escaldes-Engordany (Andorra). After gathering the WWR data from a significant sample of the building stock, heating simulations of the entire building stock were carried out using the extreme WWR values, minimum and maximum, in order to analyse the variation of the results. The results obtained show an average difference of 12% between the two heating consumption simulation results. Furthermore, it can also be seen that the differences are more significant for the single-family building typology, as well as for more recently constructed buildings., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Ventilated façades can reduce heat gains through the opaque envelope of buildings, and consequently help to lower the cooling energy demand and the relative greenhouse gas emissions. However, the influence of the design features and climatic variables on their energy performance is not known enough. In this article, the influence of different parameters of the ventilated façade has been assessed. The cladding material, the relative position between mass and thermal insulation in the main wall, the air cavity geometry, and the open/closed joint configurations have been evaluated through a numerical calculation with a model that considers all these parameters, validated with experimental data. It has been observed that, in summer conditions, the best strategy to prevent heat gains is to block the energy in the outermost layers. This suggests adopting non-thermal conductor materials for claddings and the insulation of the main wall on the outer layer. Higher cavities imply a reduction of the ventilation benefits; the air remains more time in the cavity, and thus heat fluxes per unit façade area increase. On the contrary, lower air cavities allow more fresh air entrances from outside, as occurs for open joint claddings, reducing net heat gains. Additionally, widening the air cavity, up to 10 cm, results in lower average heat flux. All these different façade configurations are compared in a cradle-to-gate environmental impact assessment demonstrating that the lowest energy-demanding solution during the service life might not be the best one in the whole life cycle, thus a deeper study is needed., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

The aim of this paper is to present – like the unfolding of an atlas’s maps – a set of studies carried out at Barcelona School of Architecture (ETSAB) that examine the relationship between the performing arts and architecture. At the start of the twentieth century, some notes by Lluís Domènech i Montaner provide evidence of a Composición de Edificios (Composition of Buildings) lesson on theatres. However, it was not until the academic year of 1978–1979 that Ignasi de Solà-Morales dedicated a substantial part of the programme of the subject Composición III (Composition III) to “theatre architecture”. In the paper, research and knowledge transfer to society merge. In reference to teaching, the approach to the subject is described, from Composición III (Composition III) to Introducción a la Escenografía (Introduction to Scenography); from typological study to the set design workshop. In the field of research, a map is drawn up of doctoral theses and competitive projects related to the performing arts. The mapping constructed in this way will reveal a certain analytical method that, like a zoom lens, after an initial frame focused on the urban role of theatres in the city, considers the architecture of theatres and finalises by examining the stage space., Postprint (published version)

En aquest document es presenten el resultats d’una iniciativa duta a terme a l’EPSEB per tal de copsar l’opinió de estudiantat, professorat i personal d’administració respecte el grau d’igualtat entre homes i dones percebut en el seu dia a dia. Per això es va dissenyar un panell, que vam anomenar “igualòmetre” a on, de manera molt simple, els participants podien indicar la seva valoració, en un escala entre 0% (gens d’igualtat) i 100% (molta igualtat), en quatre contextos diferenciats: ambients universitari, laboral, familiar i entre amics. Els resultats obtinguts han mostrat diferencies rellevants depenent de l’ambient avaluat., Objectius de Desenvolupament Sostenible::5 - Igualtat de Gènere, Preprint

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) are still relatively new in the High Performance Computing (HPC) field. Hence, they still lack a mature ecosystem that allows non-FPGA experts to scale an application with many devices operating in parallel. In this paper, we add support for message passing inspired by the Message Passing Interface (MPI) to the Marenostrum Exascale Emulation Platform (MEEP) cluster, a state-of-the-art FPGA cluster. We use the OmpSs@FPGA programming model, which allows C/C++ code to run on the FPGA and call functions that behave like the well-known MPI\_Send/Recv. For that, we implement the message passing runtime over the MEEP 100Gb Ethernet network. This network includes a switch connected to the QSFP port of the FPGA cards. The switch enables all-to-all connectivity without adding routers in the FPGA fabric. We also introduce a method to manage FPGAs that are PCIe-hosted by remote CPU nodes. I.e. from any CPU node we can load the bitstream, configure it, and transfer data to FPGAs that are attached to a different node. Finally, we evaluate the bandwidth of FPGA-FPGA, and CPU-FPGA local and remote communication, as well as the performance of benchmarks scaling from 1 to 64 FPGAs using the infrastructure presented in this paper. The benchmarks are N-body, Heat with Gauss-Seidel solver and Cholesky. We compare the results with the MareNostrum 4 supercomputer and get 2.3x and 3.5x better performance per power for the N-body and Heat., We thank the MEEP project [Horizon 2020 grant number 946002] for providing us the FPGA cluster used in this work. This work was supported by the TEXTAROSSA project [Horizon 2020 grant number 956831]; the Spanish Government [grant numbers PCI2021121964, PDC2022-133323-I00, PID2019-107255GB-C21, MICIU/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033]; and the Generalitat de Catalunya [grant number 2021 SGR 01007]., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

This paper introduces a cutting-edge data architecture designed for a smart advertising context, prioritizing efficient data flow and performance, robust security, while guaranteeing data privacy and integrity. At the core of this study lies the application of federated learning (FL) as the primary methodology, which emphasizes the authenticity and privacy of data while promptly discarding irrelevant or fraudulent information. Our innovative data model employs a semi-random role assignment strategy based on a variety of criteria to efficiently collect and amalgamate data. The architecture is composed of model nodes, data nodes, and validator nodes, where the role of each node is determined by factors such as computational capability, interconnection quality, and historical performance records. A key feature of our proposed system is the selective engagement of a subset of nodes for modeling and validation, optimizing resource use and minimizing data loss. The AROUND social network platform serves as a real-world case study, illustrating the efficacy of our data architecture in a practical setting. Both simulated and real implementations of our architecture showcase its potential to dramatically curtail network traffic and average CPU usage, while preserving the accuracy of the FL model. Remarkably, the system is capable of achieving over a 50% reduction in both network traffic and average CPU usage even when the user count escalates by twenty-fold. The click rate, user engagement, and other parameters have also been evaluated, proving that the proposed architecture’s advantages do not affect the smart advertising accuracy. These findings highlight the proposed architecture’s capacity to scale efficiently and maintain high performance in smart advertising environments, making it a valuable contribution to the evolving landscape of digital marketing and FL., This work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant PID2021-124463OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by ERDF A way of making Europe, and by the Catalan Government under contract 2021 SGR 00326. The corresponding author, R.S., gratefully acknowledges the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya and Banco Santander for the financial support of his predoctoral grant FPI-UPC 2021, Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Over the years, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) have been gaining popularity in the High Performance Computing (HPC) field, because their reconfigurability enables very fine-grained optimizations with low energy cost. However, the different characteristics, architectures, and network topologies of the clusters have hindered the use of FPGAs at a large scale. In this work, we present an evolution of OmpSs@FPGA, a high-level task-based programming model and extension to OmpSs-2, that aims at unifying all FPGA clusters by using a message-passing interface that is compatible with FPGA accelerators. These accelerators are programmed with C/C++ pragmas, and synthesized with High-Level Synthesis tools. The new framework includes a custom protocol to exchange messages between FPGAs, agnostic of the architecture and network type. On top of that, we present a new communication paradigm called Implicit Message Passing (IMP), where the user does not need to call any message-passing API. Instead, the runtime automatically infers data movement between nodes. We test classic message passing and IMP with three benchmarks on two different FPGA clusters. One is cloudFPGA, a disaggregated platform with AMD FPGAs that are only connected to the network through UDP/TCP/IP. The other is ESSPER, composed of CPU-attached Intel FPGAs that have a private network at the ethernet level. In both cases, we demonstrate that IMP with OmpSs@FPGA can increase the productivity of FPGA programmers at a large scale thanks to simplifying communication between nodes, without limiting the scalability of applications. We implement the N-body, Heat simulation and Cholesky decomposition benchmarks, and show that FPGA clusters get 2.6x and 2.4x better performance per watt than a CPU-only supercomputer for N-body and Heat., This work was supported by the Horizon 2020 TEXTA-ROSSA project [grant number 956831]; the Spanish Government [grant numbers PCI2021-121964, PDC2022-133323-I00, PID2019 - 107255GBC21, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011 033]; the Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain [grant number 2021 SGR 01007]; and partially supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [KAKENHI grant number JP20H 00593]., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

The validation of a feasible application for the production of sustainable bricks with local materials in humid and hot climates, which would allow the current housing needs of a constantly growing population with scarce economic resources to be met while also reducing energy inputs for climate control, is a current challenge without a definitive solution. Therefore, this research studied the incorporation of local aggregates and two second-generation materials to produce lime-stabilized Compressed Earth Blocks (CSEBs) using a semi-automatic machine for their manufacture. An initial matrix was designed as a baseline, and three more were developed with variations to incorporate second-generation materials individually and as mixtures. The stabilizer was added in concentrations of 5, 10, and 15%, resulting in a total of 12 batches of CSEBs. Eleven of the studied batches exceed the normative limits for simple compressive strength and initial water absorption coefficient. The best result of simple compressive strength was obtained in two batches of the same matrix that used construction demolition waste (CDW), reaching 4.3 MPa (43% above the minimum limit established by the most restrictive regulations and 115% above the least restrictive). It was possible to produce sustainable bricks in situ with average ambient temperatures of 32 °C and relative humidity of 91%., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Traditional desert cities used a compact urban form since it provides benefits in terms of thermal comfort both in urban and interior spaces. However, many current desert cities have shifted to a sprawling model with isolated low-rise buildings, leading to longer travel distances, increased land use, inadequate public space, and higher demand for building cooling. Our study aims to investigate how vertical urban densification can reduce residential cooling demand in hot-dry regions. To achieve this, we compared single-family houses with high-rise multi-family houses in Hermosillo, Mexico. Eight case studies of real houses were selected, representing the city’s building stock, including one- and two-story single-family houses, and high-rise multi-family houses. We use dynamic energy simulations to assess the effectiveness of changing building’s shape against improving its insulation. Our results indicate that increasing vertical density leads to a reduction in the envelope-to-volume ratio, resulting in a significant decrease in cooling demand. Moving from a one-story single-family house to a high-rise multi-family house can lead to a 72% reduction in annual cooling demand. Matching the façade material properties of single-family houses and multi-family houses reduces the cooling demands of the single-family houses by 16% to 31%. However, they still have higher cooling demands compared to high-rise multi-family houses, suggesting that building form has a greater impact on cooling than thermal insulation. Our findings highlight the substantial energy savings achievable by transitioning from detached single-family houses to high-rise multi-family developments in desert cities., Funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU, the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and Recovery, Transformation and Resilience Plan, through a call from Universitat Politécnica de Catalunya (Grant Ref. 2021UPC-MS-67534). This work is also part of the project PID2020–116036RB-I00, funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. C.L.O. also wants to thank CONACYT-SENER for the doctoral scholarship awarded. A special thanks to the LEMA of the Department of Architecture of the University of Sonora., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Wood and bio-based construction products are perceived as a way to use renewable resources, to save energy and to mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG)-emissions during production and to store carbon during the entire service life of the building. This article compares the carbon footprint per kilogram of wood products (softwood beams, plywood, oriented strand board panel, and fibre board) from the perspective of the life cycle assessment methodology for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of practitioners from 16 countries participating in the IEA Annex 72. These materials are used in PAL6 softwood structure multi-residential building. This article aims at comparing the carbon footprint accounting methods from 16 countries for PAL6 multi-residential building. Each national team applied the reference study period (RSP), life cycle modules covered, modelling rules, the geographical scope of inventory data as well as the LCA database according to its specific national method. The results show that there are three types of methodology to assess a building with biogenic content (0/0, -1/+1, -1/+1*). The results were more variable plywood, oriented strand board, and fibreboard than the softwood beams due to the variability in the wood transformation processes among the countries. A net negative carbon balance was obtained for the softwood beam for the countries using -1/+1* with a clear assumption of the fraction of the carbon permanently stored at the end-of-life (EoL). The carbon storage is only possible if it is secured at the EoL. Participating countries apply different definitions of permanence and EoL scenarios. Guideline on assessing, monitoring, and legally reporting carbon storage at the EoL are needed, based on concertation between standard, life cycle assessment, wood industry, and climate experts.

Las fuentes bibliográficas de un trabajo de investigación conforman el pilar sobre el que se construye cualquier investigación. Por ello, este Polimedia + tiene dos objetivos: en primer lugar concienciar al alumnado de la necesidad de consultar y citar las fuentes bibliográficas en las que se sustenta cualquier trabajo de investigación y, en segundo lugar guiar al alumnado en la búsqueda y selección de fuentes bibliográficas para la realización de un trabajo de investigación (TFG, TFM, Tesis, etc.).

[ES] El presente proyecto contempla la creación de un Centro de Apoyo a Migrantes en Benimaclet, concebido como un punto de encuentro cultural destinado a fomentar la integración y convivencia armoniosa entre la población migrante y local. A través de un análisis previo de las necesidades de la población migrante, se ha desarrollado un programa integral que no solo aborda sus requisitos específicos, sino que también proporciona espacios de utilidad para la comunidad local de Benimaclet, generando así un espacio de encuentro entre el migrante y la población local. La intervención se concentra en la zona este de Benimaclet, limítrofe con la huerta, y se propone la transformación de una franja mayoritariamente conformada por terrenos baldíos en desuso mediante la creación de un cinturón verde. Este enfoque tiene como objetivo revitalizar la zona, fomentando la conexión entre las comunidades y aprovechando espacios previamente desaprovechados., [EN] The present project entails the creation of a Migrant Support Center in Benimaclet, conceived as a cultural meeting point aimed at fostering integration and harmonious coexistence between the migrant and local population. Through a prior analysis of the migrant population's needs, a comprehensive program has been developed that not only addresses their specific requirements but also provides useful spaces for the local community of Benimaclet, thus generating a meeting space between migrants and the local population. The intervention focuses on the eastern area of Benimaclet, bordering the orchard, and proposes the transformation of a strip mainly composed of unused vacant lots through the creation of a green belt. This approach aims to revitalize the area by fostering connection between communities and making use of previously neglected spaces.

Currently, there is an urgent need to implement whole life carbon emissions reduction measures in Mediterranean regions. In the Spanish context, although there are several initiatives there is no national harmonised LCA method or national database of construction products with associated environmental data. This paper presents a summary of the methodology, preliminary results and lessons learnt from the INDICATE project Spain, whose focus on accelerating the data infrastructure for implementing WLC metrics in the building sector in Spain. It aims to provide a scientific-technical support to develop data of the national building stock harmonised with Level(s) framework and develop a robust national data infrastructure to conduct the WLC assessment, as well as providing agreed outcomes including reference values, baselines and benchmarks, contributing to the integration of the WLC in policy makers' decisions, existing regulations, and market innovation, involving key actors from representative regions in Spain and creating a multi-stakeholder network. The method is based on three main pillars: co-creation, development of new data, and collection of real LCA data. Several areas for future action have been identified, including the application of data science and technologies such as AI for the analysis of synthetic and real cases and the address of specific data gaps.

Postprint (author's final draft)

To the editor: Physical capacity tests are used for the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of chronic respiratory diseases (CRD), such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) or Pulmonary Hypertension (PH).1 Among these tests, the most widely used is the 6-minute walking test (6MWT).2 Additionally, the guidelines highlight the need to continuously record biological signals, particularly oxygen saturation (SpO2), which has been shown to be a prognostic marker in CRD.2 [...], The study was supported by grants from Societat Catalana de Pneumologia (SOCAP) (ESTEVE TEIJIN/2021), PI17/1515 and PI21/0555 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCiii), co-funded by the European Union (ERDF/ESF, ”A way to make Europe” “Investing in your future”) and Premi d’Innovació de l’Hospital Clínic de Barcelona (2021). For UPC authors this work has been supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under contract PID2021-124463OB-I00, the Catalan Government under contract 2021 SGR 00326 and the Catalan Department of Research and Universities., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Dynamic Task Scheduling is an enticing programming model aiming to ease the development of parallel programs with intrinsically irregular or data-dependent parallelism. The performance of such solutions relies on the ability of the Task Scheduling HW/SW stack to efficiently evaluate dependencies at runtime and schedule work to available cores. Traditional SW-only systems implicate scheduling overheads of around 30K processor cycles per task, which severely limit the ( core count , task granularity ) combinations that they might adequately handle. Previous work on HW-accelerated Task Scheduling has shown that such systems might support high performance scheduling on processors with up to eight cores, but questions remained regarding the viability of such solutions to support the greater number of cores now frequently found in high-end SMP systems. The present work presents an FPGA-proven, tightly-integrated, Linux-capable, 30-core RISC-V system with hardware accelerated Task Scheduling. We use this implementation to show that HW Task Scheduling can still offer competitive performance at such high core count, and describe how this organization includes hardware and software optimizations that make it even more scalable than previous solutions. Finally, we outline ways in which this architecture could be augmented to overcome inter-core communication bottlenecks, mitigating the cache-degradation effects usually involved in the parallelization of highly optimized serial code., This work is supported by the TEXTAROSSA project G.A. n.956831, as part of the EuroHPC initiative, by the Spanish Government (grants PCI2021-121964, TEXTAROSSA; PDC2022-133323-I00, Multi-Ka; PID2019-107255GB-C21 MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033; and CEX2021-001148-S), by Generalitat de Catalunya (2021 SGR 01007), and FAPESP (grant 2019/26702-8)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

[ES] Dentro de un marco de despoblación en el interior de España, se pretende estudiar el caso de Campillo de Altobuey, un pueblo ubicado en la Manchuela Conquense, al abrigo de las cumbres Calleja y el Chotil. A lo largo de los años se ha acentuado la problemática actual, las ciudades aumentan a medida que la población de los pueblos disminuye. Por ello, con este Trabajo Final de Máster (TFM), se pretende fomentar la importancia y necesidad de reactivar estas localidades. En el límite norte de Campillo de Altobuey, destaca la relación entre tradición, cultura y paisaje. Esa combinación se lleva a cabo a través de un Centro Gastronómico, que pretende poner en contacto la zona rural con el pueblo. A partir de este planteamiento se da la oportunidad de revitalizar y crear un espacio de atracción turística en el cual poder vivir una experiencia gastronómica ligada a la actividad y el comercio local., [EN] Within a framework of depopulation in the interior of Spain, we intend to study the case of Campillo de Altobuey, a village located in the Manchuela Conquense, sheltered by the Calleja and Chotil peaks. Over the years the current problem has been accentuated, the cities increase as the population of the villages decreases. Therefore, this Master¿s Thesis (TFM), aims to promote the importance and need to revive these localities. In the northern limit of Campillo de Altobuey, the relationship between tradition, culture and landscape stands out. This combination is carried out through a gastronomic laboratory, which aims to bring the rural area into contact with the town. This approach provides the opportunity to revitalize and create a space of tourist attraction in which to live a gastronomic experience linked to local activity and commerce.

[ES] El objetivo del presente trabajo es reflexionar sobre la vi-vienda colectiva, a través del trabajo con lo existente y sus posibles transformaciones o permanencias en el futuro. Mediante el análisis de un caso concreto de estudio, su conocimiento y reconocimiento y la reflexión sobre los mo-delos habitacionales en un contexto actual de cambios y transiciones (ecológicos, digitales, sociales, legislativos, ¿), se establecerán una serie de posibles indicadores que me-diante su sistematización puedan llevarnos a un diagnóstico y posibles criterios de intervención para actuaciones futu-ras. Para llevar a cabo este trabajo, se ha seleccionado como referencia el grupo de viviendas Santa Águeda, situado en Benicàssim. Los indicadores se establecerán de forma me-tódica y mediante un acercamiento de lo que condiciona el habitar en diferentes ámbitos: entorno, comunidad, cons-trucción y función. Dependiendo de los resultados obtenidos se establecerán una serie de criterios de intervención para posibles actuaciones futuras, fijando la atención en aquellos indicadores que así lo sugieran, para ofrecer respuesta a un contexto de cambios y nuevos marcos en el ámbito de la arquitectura. En definitiva, este trabajo de final de grado tiene como objetivo contribuir al desarrollo de un modelo de arquitec-tura sostenible, desde lo existente, una arquitectura adap-tada a las necesidades de la sociedad actual en un contexto de cambios, partiendo de una mirada al pasado y, a través de un método de análisis sistematizado, que incluye las particularidades del caso de estudio, reflexionando sobre sus posibles transformaciones en el futuro., [EN] The objective of this work is to reflect on collective housing, through the study of existing conditions and their possible transformations or continuities in the future. By analyzing a specific study case, its acknowledge and recognition, and a reflexion on housing models in a current context of ecologi-cal, digital, social, legislative, and other transitions, a se-ries of possible indicators will be established that can lead us to a diagnosis system and possible intervention criteria for future actions. To carry out this work, the Santa Águeda housing group located in Benicàssim has been selected as a reference. The indicators will be established methodically and through an approach that considers different topics which define the fact of inhabiting: environment, conmunity, construction and function. Based on the results obtained, a series of intervention criteria will be established for possible future actions, focusing on those indicators that suggest it, to offer a response to a context of changes and new frame-works in the field of architecture. To sum up, the aim of this final degree project is to con-tribute to the development of a sustainable architecture model, based on existing conditions, an architecture adapted to the needs of current society in a context of change, starting from a look at the past and through a method of systematic analysis that includes the particulari-ties of the case study, reflecting on its possible transfor-mations in the future.

We propose the Active Compute Memory (ACM), a near-memory-processing architecture capable of performing key–value sort directly in the DRAM. In the ACM architecture, sort is merely the writing of data into memory with one addressing protocol (perspective) and reading it back with different perspective. The first perspective is conventional, based on the data address; the second perspective is the sorted order. The ACM requires additional tables to store the meta-data and moderate control logic enhancements that can be implemented directly in the DRAM silicon. By these modest enhancements to DRAM, ACM exploits the parallelism inherently available in the row buffer to enable sort with O ( n ) complexity. This leads to an order of magnitude improvement in ACM performance and energy compared to conventional O ( n log n ) CPU-centric sort algorithms. The ACM also shows superior performance compared to other near-memory sort accelerators. This is because the ACM processing is done near the row buffer and it exploits much lower memory access latency, higher bandwidth and wider parallel processing. The sort operation covered in this paper is just an example of an address management operation that can be efficiently implemented directly in the DRAM silicon. We release as an open source the simulation infrastructure for the ACM performance and energy modeling. We would encourage the community to use it, adapt it to other PIM proposals, and share their own evaluations., This work was funded by the Collaboration Agreement between Micron Technology, Inc. and BSC. The work was also supported by the Spanish Government, under the contracts PID2019-107255GB-C21 and CEX2021-001148-S funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033. The work also received funding from the Department of Research and Universities of the Government of Catalonia to the AccMem Research Group (Code: 2021 SGR 00807) and project DEEP-SEA funded by European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme , under Grant Agreement no.955606 and the Spanish Government, under the contract PCI2021-121958 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and “European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR”., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

Background: This paper addresses the lack of research that compares the toxicity of commonly used construction materials. The toxicity of construction materials has received less attention, despite its importance within the Life Cycle Assessment methodology. All aspects, including toxicity, need to be analysed throughout the life cycle of the material to understand its true behaviour. Aim: The purpose of this study is to propose a methodology to compare the toxicity of different construction materials and highlight the need to consider toxicity criteria in the selection of materials during the design phase. The study seeks to fill the gap in the existing literature by providing information on the comparative toxicity of the most common building materials. Methodology: The study follows Life Cycle Assessment methodology as established by the ISO 14040:2006 and ISO 14044:2006 standards. For this study, statistics were consulted to identify the most used materials in the construction sector; then, from this group of materials, those available in the Ecoinvent 3.7.1 database were selected. For comparison, these materials were categorised into material families and a functional unit was established to compare them. Finally, all materials were compared with each other, using 1 kg as the functional unit. Results: When we conduct a comparative analysis of various materials and categorise them into groups, it becomes readily apparent which materials demonstrate a less favourable performance with respect to their toxic properties. This approach allows us to discern and pinpoint those materials that present a more concerning level of toxicity relative to others, facilitating informed decision-making in terms of construction material selection and design. Conclusions: By comparing all materials with each other using 1 kg as the functional unit, we can conclude that some materials have a greater impact than others, both in absolute and relative terms, for example, steel and poly

Selecció de documents que estudien la incidència de l’arquitectura sobre la salut humana i , en molts casos, que proposen millores en el disseny, els materials emprats... per aconseguir una arquitectura saludable i ecològica., Postprint (author's final draft)

Entrados ya plenamente en el siglo XXI, una nueva era de tecnologías digitales está ofreciendo crecientes posibilidades, pero al mismo tiempo, planteando serios retos a la investigación en arquitectura. En este sentido, la recuperación de una aproximación crítica resulta más necesaria que nunca. Esta debe abarcar no sólo la evaluación crítica de las tecnologías mencionadas, sino también contraponer modelos de pensamiento asociados a ella como la estandarización de los lenguajes o la hegemonía del solucionismo. Igualmente, es también necesario reclamar la imaginación y brillantez como atributos de una libertad seriamente amenazada. Trabajar sobre las claves de nuestra época debe poner el acento en la ideación, el desarrollo y la definición de procesos y estructuras mentales, mecanismos que, todavía, quedan al margen de tecnologías como la Inteligencia Artificial. Finalmente, sigue siendo importante incidir en que los postulados acerca de la arquitectura sean entendidos en el ámbito cultural y entorno físico en el que se producen, admitiendo su diversidad y evitando una mirada eurocéntrica. La degradación ambiental actual puede ser entendida como síntoma de una crisis de civilización, marcada por un modelo de habitar que no reconoce la necesidad de entendernos a nosotros y nuestro mundo construido en relación con la naturaleza., As we enter the 21st century, a new era of digital technologies is offering increasing possibilities, but at the same time, posing serious challenges to architectural research. Therefore, the recovery of a critical approach is more necessary than ever. This should encompass not only the critical evaluation of the aforementioned technologies, but also counteract models of thought associated with them, such as the standardization of languages or the hegemony of solutionism. Likewise, it is also necessary to reclaim imagination and brilliance as attributes of a seriously threatened freedom. Working on the challenges of our time must emphasize the ideation, development and definition of mental processes and structures, mechanisms that are still outside the scope of technologies such as Artificial Intelligence. Finally, it is still important to reassert that all architectural postulates should be understood in the cultural environment and physical surroundings in which they are produced, admitting their diversity and avoiding a Eurocentric view. Current environmental degradation can be understood as a symptom of a crisis of civilization, marked by a model of living that does not recognize the need to understand ourselves and our built environment in relation to nature.

This article proposes a hybrid methodology to represent the energy poverty situation in neighbourhoods with high vulnerability indices, using public data sources and surveys designed for local contexts. As an innovation, the method includes aspects of feminisation poverty, household health and information collected directly from the case study population. The San Pablo neighbourhood, in southern Spain, has been taken as a case study, to extrapolate the strategy to similar European neighbourhoods. The research has made it possible to identify new factors affecting the energy poverty situation, such as the domestic burden associated with households or the lack of accessibility to dwellings. The incorporation of this type of indicators, which have been analysed according to sex, has made it possible to highlight the process of feminisation of energy poverty in the territory under study. Based on the groups identified as the most vulnerable, new lines of research are opened to define actions and best practices that can be implemented to improve household energy vulnerability.

Durant el llarg període de temps que s’inicia a finals del segle XIX i arriba fins a les raneres del noucentisme, alguns arquitectes catalans van fer dels elements, les estètiques i els ressons d’una arquitectura provinent del Quattrocento florentí, filtrada pels viatges i les reinterpretacions geogràfiques, la construcció d’un nou estil. L’article analitza els orígens d’aquestes apropiacions a partir dels seus principals artífexs i de les seves obres, que van deixar una important empremta al paisatge arquitectònic barceloní., Postprint (author's final draft)

The ALICE Grid is designed to perform a realtime comprehensive monitoring of both jobs and execution nodes in order to maintain a continuous and consistent status of the Grid infrastructure. An extensive database of historical data is available and is periodically analyzed to tune the workflows and data management to optimal performance levels. This data, when evaluated in real time, has the power to trigger decisions for efficient resource management of the currently running payloads, for example to enable the execution of a higher volume of work per unit of time. In this article, we consider scenarios in which, through constant interaction with the monitoring agents, a dynamic adaptation of the running workflows is performed. The target resources are memory and CPU with the objective of using them in their entirety and ensuring optimal utilization fairness between executing jobs. Grid resources are heterogeneous and of different generations, which means that some of them have better hardware characteristics than the minimum required to execute ALICE jobs. Our middleware, JAliEn, works on the basis of having at least 2 GB of RAM allocated per core (allowing up to 8 GB of virtual memory when including swap). Many of the worker nodes have higher memory per core ratios than these basic limits and in terms of available memory they therefore have free resources to accommodate extra jobs. The running jobs may have different behaviors and unequal resource usages depending on their nature. For example, analysis tasks are I/O bound while Monte-Carlo tasks are CPU intensive. Running additional jobs with complementary resource usage patterns on a worker node has a great potential to increase its total efficiency. This paper presents the methodology to exploit the different resource usage profiles by oversubscribing the worker nodes with extra jobs taking into account their CPU resource usage levels and memory capacity., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Nowadays, large quantities of multimedia data are generated by various applications on smartphones, drones and other devices. Facilitating retrieval from these multimedia collections requires (a) effective media representation and (b) efficient indexing and query processing approaches. Recently, the MuseHash approach was proposed, which can effectively represent a variety of modalities, improving on previous hashing-based approaches. However, the interaction of the MuseHash approach with existing indexing and query processing approaches has not been considered. This paper provides the first systematic evaluation of the time-quality tradeoff that arises when MuseHash media representation is combined with state-of-the-art approximate nearest-neighbour indexes along multi-core and GPU processing., The work reported here was supported by the EU’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreements H2020-101070250 CALLISTO, H2020-101070262 WATERVERSE, and H2020-101080090 ALLIES, and by the Spanish Ministry of Science (MICINN), the Research State Agency (AEI) and European Regional Development Funds (ERDF/FEDER) under grant agreements PID2021-126248OB-I00, MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033/FEDER, UE, Severo Ochoa Center of Excellence CEX2021-001148-S-20-3 and the Generalitat de Catalunya (AGAUR) 2021-SGR-00478., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

We present unprecedented datasets of current and future projected weather files for building simulations in 15 major cities distributed across 10 climate zones worldwide. The datasets include ambient air temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, direct and diffuse solar irradiance, and wind speed at hourly resolution, which are essential climate elements needed to undertake building simulations. The datasets contain typical and extreme weather years in the EnergyPlus weather file (EPW) format and multiyear projections in comma-separated value (CSV) format for three periods: historical (2001–2020), future mid-term (2041–2060), and future long-term (2081–2100). The datasets were generated from projections of one regional climate model, which were bias-corrected using multiyear observational data for each city. The methodology used makes the datasets among the first to incorporate complex changes in the future climate for the frequency, duration, and magnitude of extreme temperatures. These datasets, created within the IEA EBC Annex 80 “Resilient Cooling for Buildings”, are ready to be used for different types of building adaptation and resilience studies to climate change and heatwaves., Peer Reviewed, Article signat per 35 autors/es, Postprint (published version)

For LHC Run3 the ALICE experiment software stack has been completely refactored, incorporating support for multicore job execution. Whereas in both LHC Run 1 and 2 the Grid jobs were single-process and made use of a single CPU core, the new multicore jobs spawn multiple processes and threads within the payload. Some of these multicore jobs deploy a high amount of shortlived processes, in the order of more than a dozen per second. The overhead of starting so many processes impacts the overall CPU utilization of the payloads, in particular its System component. Furthermore, the short-lived processes were not correctly accounted for by the monitoring system of the experiment. This paper presents the developed new methodology for supervising the payload execution. We also present a black box analysis of the new multicore experiment software framework tracing the used resources and system function calls issued by MonteCarlo simulation jobs. Multiple sources of overhead in the lifecycle of processes and threads have thus been identified. This paper describes how the source of each was traced and what solutions were implemented to address them. These improvements have impacted the resource consumption and the overall turnaround time of these payloads with a notable 35% reduction in execution time for a reference production job. We also introduce how this methodology will be used to further improve the efficiency of our experiment software and what other optimization venues are currently under research., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

After large-magnitude earthquakes, a crucial task for impact assessment is to rapidly and accurately estimate the ground shaking in the affected region. To satisfy real-time constraints, intensity measures are traditionally evaluated with empirical Ground Motion Models that can drastically limit the accuracy of the estimated values. As an alternative, here we present Machine Learning strategies trained on physics-based simulations that require similar evaluation times. We trained and validated the proposed Machine Learning-based Estimator for ground shaking maps with one of the largest existing datasets (<100M simulated seismograms) from CyberShake developed by the Southern California Earthquake Center covering the Los Angeles basin. For a well-tailored synthetic database, our predictions outperform empirical Ground Motion Models provided that the events considered are compatible with the training data. Using the proposed strategy we show significant error reductions not only for synthetic, but also for five real historical earthquakes, relative to empirical Ground Motion Models., This work has been funded by the European Commission’s Horizon 2020 Framework program and the European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 955558 and by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union NextGeneration EU/PRTR(PCI2021-121957), project eFlows4HPC. This research has been supported by the European High-Performance Computing Joint Undertaking (JU) as well as Spain, Italy, Iceland, Germany, Norway, France, Finland, and Croatia under grant agreement no. 101093038, (ChEESE-CoE). The authors acknowledge the Center for Advanced Research Computing (CARC) at the University of Southern California for providing computing resources that have contributed to the research results reported within this publication. URL: https://carc.usc.edu. This research used resources of the Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility, which is a DOE Office of Science User Facility supported under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725, and the National Center for Supercomputer Applications under the Blue Waters Sustained-Petascale Computing Project. SCEC is funded by USGS Cooperative Agreement G17AC00047 and NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR1600087., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

The emerging Human-Centric Networks (HCN) paradigm shifts the passive role of individuals to an active one, intertwining the uncertainty of network resource usage with human dynamics, which are difficult to analyze and predict. This phenomenon implies an increase in reciprocal interactions between Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSS) and human activities, presenting the challenge of efficiently allocating network resources while taking into account qualitative human uncertainty. In this study, we propose a conceptual model that addresses and quantifies such uncertainties. The proposed model is characterized by its adaptability to various CPSS applications, facilitating its integration into existing applications and future innovations. The adaptability of the model is based on the application of the sociological concept of Boundary Objects (BO), which allows for the structuring of system components and the generation of a reference architecture that facilitates systematic problem solving. To evaluate the model, we propose a use case related to a Vehicle for Hire (VFH) application operating within a 5G network slice. The integration of the proposed model with the OMNET++ simulation framework has allowed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model in intricate computational environments and have shown its capacity to incorporate previously overlooked elements that are essential for the optimal allocation of resources in CPSS. This study proposes a methodology for comprehending and mitigating the consequences of human uncertainty, emphasizing the significance of a multidisciplinary approach to resource allocation in sophisticated technological systems., This work was supported in part by the Spanish I+D+i Project TRAINER-A, funded by Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (MCIN)/Agencia Estatal de Investigación (AEI)/10.13039/501100011033, under Grant PID2020-118011GB-C21; and in part by the aid granted by the Sinfoni Project INV3164 of the Cooperative University of Colombia., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Arm usage has substantially grown in the High-Performance Computing (HPC) community. Japanese supercomputer Fugaku, powered by Arm-based A64FX processors, held the top position on the Top500 list between June 2020 and June 2022, currently sitting in the fourth position. The recently released 7th generation of Amazon EC2 instances for compute-intensive workloads (C7 g) is also powered by Arm Graviton3 processors. Projects like European Mont-Blanc and U.S. DOE/NNSA Astra are further examples of Arm irruption in HPC. In parallel, over the last decade, the rapid improvement of genomic sequencing technologies and the exponential growth of sequencing data has placed a significant bottleneck on the computational side. While most genomics applications have been thoroughly tested and optimized for x86 systems, just a few are prepared to perform efficiently on Arm machines. Moreover, these applications do not exploit the newly introduced Scalable Vector Extensions (SVE). This paper presents GenArchBench, the first genome analysis benchmark suite targeting Arm architectures. We have selected computationally demanding kernels from the most widely used tools in genome data analysis and ported them to Arm-based A64FX and Graviton3 processors. Overall, the GenArch benchmark suite comprises 13 multi-core kernels from critical stages of widely-used genome analysis pipelines, including base-calling, read mapping, variant calling, and genome assembly. Our benchmark suite includes different input data sets per kernel (small and large), each with a corresponding regression test to verify the correctness of each execution automatically. Moreover, the porting features the usage of the novel Arm SVE instructions, algorithmic and code optimizations, and the exploitation of Arm-optimized libraries. We present the optimizations implemented in each kernel and a detailed performance evaluation and comparison of their performance on four different HPC machines (i.e., A64FX, Graviton3, Intel Xeon, This work has been partially supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 (contracts PID2019-107255GB-C21, PID2019-105660RB-C21, PID2022136454NB-C22, and TED2021-132634A-I00), by the Generalitat de Catalunya, Spain (contract 2021-SGR-763), by the Gobierno de Aragón (T58_23R research group), by the European Union NextGenerationEU/ PRTR, and by Lenovo BSC Contract-Framework Contract (2020)., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

In this article, we present our research vision of a framework for obtaining quality data in air quality monitoring networks using low-cost sensors (LCSs). The use of LCS networks is gaining increasing acceptance in many IoT air quality applications. However, data quality and reliability issues are a major barrier to widespread adoption, which means that the pre-processing tasks that are critical to achieving the required levels of data quality are crucial aspects of LCS network designs. The proposed framework takes advantage of a layered architecture, which has also proven useful in other fields, and from which we show the challenges and state-of-the-art techniques for obtaining quality data. In addition, we show its usefulness in application cases, including a real case with data measured by a LCS deployment measuring O 3 in the area of Barcelona, Spain., This work is supported by Grant PID2022-138155OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/ 10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe”, CDTI MIG20221061, by regional project 2021SGR-01059, and with the support of Secretaria d’Universitats i Recerca de la Generalitat de Catalunya i del Fons Social Europeu., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (author's final draft)

The research and innovation related to fifth-generation (5G) networks that has been carried out in recent years has decided on the fundamentals of the smart slice in radio access networks (RANs), as well as the autonomous fixed network operation. One of the most challenging objectives of beyond 5G (B5G) and sixth-generation (6G) networks is the deployment of mechanisms that enable smart end-to-end (e2e) network operation, which is required for the achievement of the stringent service requirements of the envisioned use cases to be supported in the short term. Therefore, smart actions, such as dynamic capacity allocation, flexible functional split, and dynamic slice management need to be performed in tight coordination with the autonomous capacity management of the fixed transport network infrastructure. Otherwise, the benefits of smart slice operation (i.e., cost and energy savings while ensuring per-slice service requirements) might be cancelled due to uncoordinated autonomous fixed network operation. Notably, the transport network in charge of supporting slices from the user equipment (UE) to the core expands across access and metro fixed networks. The required coordination needs to be performed while keeping the privacy of the radio and fixed network domains, which is important in multi-tenant scenarios where both network segments are managed by different operators. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that explores the concept of context-aware network operation, where the slice control anticipates the aggregated and anonymized information of the expected slice operation that is sent to the fixed network orchestrator in an asynchronous way. The context is then used as the input for the artificial intelligence (AI)-based models used by the fixed network control for the predictive capacity management of optical connections in support of RAN slices. This context-aware network operation aims at enabling accurate and reliable autonomous fixed network operation un, This work is partially supported by the SNS Joint Undertaken under grant agreement No. 101096120 (SEASON), the MICINN IBON (PID2020-114135RB-I00) project, and from the ICREA Institution., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)

Aquest treball té com a objectiu proporcionar una anàlisi detallada del meu rol com a Director d'Execució d'Obres (DEO) en la col·laboració amb el despatx professional BILT Arquitectura Tècnica. L'èmfasi principal de les meves tasques recau en la supervisió i gestió de dues importants intervencions: la reforma d'un local a Viladecans i la rehabilitació energètica d'una escola al mateix municipi. La primera part del treball es centra en la Direcció d'Execució durant la reforma del local a Viladecans. S'analitzen els reptes específics d'aquesta obra, les solucions adoptades i les lliçons apreses en aquest context per part meva. La segona part aborda la rehabilitació energètica d'una escola a Viladecans, destacant la importància de la sostenibilitat i l'eficiència energètica en l'àmbit de la construcció. Finalment, el treball inclou una secció dedicada a la realització de Llibres de l'Edifici a Badia del Vallès d’edificis ja existents. S'explica el procés de recopilació de dades, la seva organització i la importància d'aquesta documentació per a la gestió futura de l'edifici. A través d'aquest treball, s'intenta compartir una visió completa del meu paper com a DEO i com a professional implicat en projectes variats. Es destaquen els aspectes tècnics, de gestió i ètics vinculats a les responsabilitats d'aquest rol, així com la importància de contribuir al desenvolupament sostenible dels entorns construïts.