1. Effects of zinc nitrate and HMTA on the formation mechanisms of ZnO nanowires on Au seed layers
- Author
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Clément Lausecker, Bassem Salem, Xavier Baillin, Vincent Consonni, Laboratoire des matériaux et du génie physique (LMGP ), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire des technologies de la microélectronique (LTM ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), the French RENATECH network, ANR-17-CE09-0033,ROLLER,Réseaux ordonnés de nanofils de ZnO résistifs et unipolaires pour capteurs souples adaptés aux milieux biologiques(2017), ANR-17-CE24-0003,DOSETTE,Hétérostructures de Type II Basées sur des Nanofils de ZnO Ordonnés pour les Photodétecteurs UV Auto-Alimentés(2017), ANR-10-LABX-0055,MINOS Lab,Minatec Novel Devices Scaling Laboratory(2010), and ANR-10-EQPX-0033,IMPACT,Caractérisation et Test In-situ des Matériaux, Procédés et des Architectures(2010)
- Subjects
chemical bath deposition ,ZnO nanowires ,Au seed layers ,HMTA ,General Materials Science ,General Chemistry ,[CHIM.MATE]Chemical Sciences/Material chemistry ,[CHIM.INOR]Chemical Sciences/Inorganic chemistry ,Condensed Matter Physics - Abstract
International audience; The ability to form ZnO nanowire arrays with dedicated morphological properties is crucial for the development of efficient piezoelectric devices such as piezoelectric nanogenerators and sensors. However, their integration typically requires the use of metallic seed layers for their synthesis by chemical bath deposition, from which their morphological control is still very limited. In this context, the formation mechanisms of ZnO nanowires from Au seed layers are carefully investigated for different precursor (i.e., zinc nitrate and hexamethylenetetramine (HMTA)) concentrations in the range of 1–100 mM, where drastic variations of the morphological properties are observed. By coupling $in\ situ$ pH measurements and thermodynamic computations, we perform an in-depth analysis of the thermodynamic properties of the chemical bath, where the predominant role of the NO$_3$$^–$ ions in the evolution of the pH of the chemical bath is revealed. An original approach is further developed to carefully determine the hydrolysis ratio of HMTA molecules, which is found to vary in the range of 20–45% with the precursor concentration, and to directly impact the supersaturation ratio of Zn(II) species. From these results, we identify the presence of three different growth regimes depending on the precursor concentrations, each of them giving rise to ZnO nanowire arrays with specific morphological properties. These results highlight the critical importance of the thermodynamic properties of the chemical bath in the formation process of ZnO nanowires from Au seed layers and provide key elements of understanding to efficiently optimize their morphology for their integration into piezoelectric devices.
- Published
- 2023
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