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Cotton is one of the most important economic crops in China. It is of great significance to predict the yield of cotton. In this study, the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) remote sensing platform was first used to collect some data on the densely planted cotton in Xinjiang, China. Five-point sampling was also utilized in the period of defoliation. A total of five cotton fields were then selected as well. Secondly, each image was divided into multiple sub-images and then enhanced by color space conversion, brightness, noise blurring, flipping and rotating operation. A high-quality dataset was constructed to estimate the cotton yield. Better training was achieved, compared with the original. Eventually, the cotton dataset with the construction site was used to extract the element rate from the cotton images using RCH-UNet (resnet coordinate hardswish UNet). Among them, the UNet was used as a baseline model to construct an improved U-type convolutional neural network. While the IoU (intersection over union), PA (pixel accuracy), and precision were taken as the evaluation metrics. The overall RCH-UNet improved the three metrics by 14.34, 9.85, and 8.68 percentage points, respectively, compared with the original UNet. Specifically, ResNet50 backbone feature extraction network was selected to replace the traditional CBR (convolution batch normalization ReLU) downs sampling structure in UNet; The CA (coordinate attention) mechanism was combined with the UNet; The ReLU activation function in UNet was replaced with the hardswish activation function. The results showed that: 1) The richer semantic information in the ResNet50 was learned through the residual structure, indicating the better feature extraction and expression of the improved model. 2) The CA mechanism was significantly enhanced to learn the detailed features. At the same time, there was an effective reduction in the interference of irrelevant features to the model. 3) The hardswish activation function presented the stronger expression and feature fusion of UNet when performing up-sampling and jump connection. Subsequently, the performance of RCH-UNet was tested with the PSPNet and DeepLabv3 models under the same experimental conditions. The IoU, PA, and precision of RCH-UNet had improved by 9.15, 6.31, and 3.99 percentage points, respectively, compared with the DeepLabv3 model. A prediction model of cotton yield was constructed with the ridge regression from the cotton pixels extracted by the RCH-UNet model. The image texture features were also extracted by GLCM (gray-level co-occurrence matrix). The R² value of the improved model was 0.92, and the average relative error between the predicted and actual yield was 9.254%. The RCH-UNet model was accurately and effectively extracted from the cotton images; Meanwhile, the prediction model of cotton yield was effectively verified using deep learning and image processing. The UAV low-altitude imaging can also be expected to predict the yield of densely planted cotton in Xinjiang, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To investigate the correlation between urinary albumin (UAlb) level and coronary artery calcification (CAC) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD). Methods 186 CKD patients hospitalized in Xianyang Central Hospital for PD treatment from February 2020 to June 2022 were selected as research objects and included in the training set; according to Rumberger CAC grading method, they were divided into noncalcification group (0 ~ 10 points, 80 cases) and calcification group (>10 points, 106 cases); according to the same criteria, 62 CKD patients hospitalized in Xianyang Central Hospital for PD treatment from July 2022 to November 2022 were included in the validation set. The clinical data of the two groups were compared and analyzed. The threshold effect of UAlb was determined by curve fitting and threshold effect analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors affecting the occurrence of CAC, and an nomogram prediction model was constructed and evaluated. Results When UAlb>30 mg / L, the risk of CAC increased with the increase of its level. Age>50 years old, dialysis time>20 months, diabetes, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR)≥3. 5, phosphorus≥1. 8 mmol / L, and UAlb>30 mg / L were independent risk factors for CAC (P<0. 05). The evaluation results showed that the discrimination, accuracy and effectiveness of the nomograph prediction model were high. Conclusions When UAlb>30 mg / L, the risk of CAC increases with its level. Age>50 years old, dialysis time>20 months, diabetes, NLR≥3. 5, phosphorus≥1. 8 mmol / L, UAlb>30 mg / L are all independent risk factors for CAC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Diabetes can cause dysfunction of the whole body tissues and organs. 6-Phosphofructokinase-2/fructose bisphosphatase-2 isoenzyme 3 (PFKFB3) and sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 2 (S1P2) may be related to the complications of diabetes. Tertiary butylhydroquinone has a certain protective effect on the complications of diabetes. OBJECTIVE: To study the expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 in various organs (heart, retina, kidney, and aorta) of type 2 diabetic rats and to explore the relationship between tertiary butylhydroquinone and PFKFB3 and S1P2. METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal control group, diabetic group and tertiary butylhydroquinone group. Diabetic models were made in the latter two groups. At 7 days after modeling, the rats in the tertiary butylhydroquinone group were fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet containing 1% tertiary butylhydroquinone, while those in the diabetic group continued to be fed with high-fat and high-sugar diet. After 12 weeks of intervention, the blood glucose and insulin levels were detected; immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR were used to detect the distribution and expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 at protein and mRNA levels, respectively; and TUNEL method was used to detect the apoptosis index in different rat organ cells. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: There was an overall significant difference in the blood glucose and insulin levels between groups (P=0.000, P=0.000). PFKFB3 and S1P2 were mainly distributed in the retinal ganglion cell layer, the inner nuclear layer, aortic intima endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, interstitial myocardial endothelial cells, and renal tubular cells. The relative protein and mRNA levels of PFKFB3 and S1P2 were significantly different in the retina, aortic intimal endothelial cells, cardiomyocytes, interstitial myocardial endothelial cells, and renal tubular cells (all P < 0.05). The overall difference in the relative expression of S1P2 protein and mRNA in the glomerulus was statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 was significantly increased in the diabetic group (P < 0.05), while compared with the diabetic group, the expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 was significantly decreased in the tertiary butylhydroquinone group (P < 0.05). TUNEL results indicated that there was an overall significant difference in the apoptotic index of rat retinal ganglion cells, cardiomyocytes, renal tubular cells, and aortic full-thickness cells between groups (all P < 0.05). The overall apoptotic index of various organs in the diabetic group was significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P < 0.05), while compared with the diabetic group, the overall apoptotic index was significantly reduced in the tertiary butylhydroquinone group (P < 0.05). To conclude, PFKFB3 and S1P2 are the metabolites involved in the pathological process of various organs in diabetic rats and may be related to the apoptosis of cells in various organs of diabetic rats. Tertiary butylhydroquinone can reduce the expression of PFKFB3 and S1P2 and reduce cell apoptosis in various organs, indicating that tertiary butylhydroquinone has a certain protective effect on various organs of type 2 diabetic rats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adhesion is an essential ability for bacteria to survive and occupy a niche in the environment. Filamentous adhesive machinery called “pilus” or “fimbria” plays an important role in colonization, biofilm formation, and infection of many bacteria. Newly characterized type V pilus is common in the class Bacteroidia bacteria including a major oral pathogen Porphyromonas gingivalis. The monomer form and polymerized form of type V pilus subunits were revealed by X-ray crystallography and cryo-EM analysis, which led to the proposal of a unique model of type V pilus assembly mechanism involving protease-mediated strand exchange. These insights broaden our knowledge of infection mechanisms and microbiota development of class Bacteroidia bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with bronchial asthma, and to analyze the influencing factors of condition control of children with bronchial asthma. Methods: From July 2016 to July 2020, 500 children with bronchial asthma and their parents in our hospital were selected as the research objects. The knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with asthma was investigated by knowledge, attitude and practice questionnaire. The disease control level of the children in the recent 4 weeks was determined according to the relevant standards in Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Zhufu Tang Practical Pediatrics (8th Edition). The disease control level included well controlled, partially controlled and uncontrolled. The well controlled and partially controlled children were included in the asthma control group, and the uncontrolled children were included in the asthma uncontrolled group. The questionnaire made by our hospital was used to investigate the information of the children and their parents. The influencing factors of disease condition control of children with bronchial asthma were analyzed. Results: The parents of children with bronchial asthma were not optimistic. The disease control rate of children with bronchial asthma was 38.06% (187/491). The results of univariate analysis showed that the condition control of children with bronchial asthma was related to family monthly income per capita, children's personal allergy history, parents' education level, family history of asthma, whether to adherence to long-term medication, and whether to regular return visit (P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that parents' education level, family monthly income per capita, children's personal allergy history, family history of asthma, whether to adherence to long-term medication, and whether to regular return visit were all influencing factors for the disease control of children with bronchial asthma (P<0.05). Conclusion: In this study children with bronchial asthma disease control level is general, and parents of children with bronchial asthma know nobuyuki situation is not optimistic, in which parents' education level, family monthly income per capita, children's personal allergy history, etc are all the influence factors of children with bronchial asthma disease control, which should be combined with the related factors in clinical targeted intervention or treatment, in order to achieve good control of the children with bronchial asthma condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The Unigene produced by leaf transcriptome of Nymphaea colorata and N.micrantha and the whole genome sequence of N.colorata were analyzed according to SSR loci characteristics. It provided basic data for the germplasm resource identification, genetic diversity analysis and genetic linkage map construction of water lily plants.[Method] Based on the leaf transcriptome data of N.colorata and N.micrantha which were acquired previously in the laboratory and the published genome of N.colorata,MISA software was used to search SSR loci and analyze the frequency, length and primitive types of SSR.[Result] 38 998 SSR loci were found among the 114 762 Unigenes sequences obtained from the transcriptome of N.colorata and N.micrantha.The SSR site frequency was 33.98%.Among them, 30 124 SSR loci belong to complete types. The total length of the SSR motif sequence was 465 550 bp, and had a total average of 21.65 bp.249 029 SSR sites were searched in the N.colorata genome, with an average distribution frequency of 609.0/Mb, including 163 265 intact SSR sites; the total length of SSR motif sequence was 2 775 181 bp, and 27.25 bp, accounted for 0.68% of N.colorata genome size. In the transcriptome and genome, the SSR loci were mainly dinucleotide and single nucleotide repeats, which respectively accounted for 48.87%,41.03% and 51.70%,43.37% of the total SSR. Among dinucleotide repeat motifs, AG/TC and AT/TA types were higher and both much higher than other types of repeat motifs. The number of repetitions of each type in the SSR primitive was mainly 5 to 11 times, of which 10 times were the most. Twelve pairs of SSR primers with good amplification and high polymorphism were selected based on fluorescence capillary electrophoresis from synthetic 144 pairs of SSR primers.[Conclusion] Low-level primitive types are abundant in the SSR of N.colorata and N.micrantha transcriptome and genome, which has great potential for developing and screening SSR primers with high polymorphism. The selected 12 pairs with good amplifications and high polymorphism of SSR primers can be used to study the identification of germplasm resources, genetic diversity analysis and genetic construction of plant chain map. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Variable rate fertilization has generally been implemented in the field traction liquid fertilizer applicator under a variety of soil and tillage conditions in recent years. However, it is very necessary to improve the precision, even fertilization, and fertilizer saving during operation in modern mechanized agriculture. In this research, a novel fuzzy PID control was proposed using genetic algorithm (GA) for the variable rate fertilization control system of liquid fertilizer. Firstly, a closed-loop negative feedback model was established for the control system of liquid fertilizer variable rate fertilization, thereby to obtain the transfer function Gr(s) of control process. The control process was also optimized, according to the structure of traction variable liquid fertilizer applicator and the composition of electrical components. Among them, the control object was mainly an electric proportional valve in the control system. The feedback channel was read by the flow meter, and then transferred the electric signal to the controller. Specifically, the controller was implemented to compare the flow reading with the vehicle speed and the amount of fertilizer required for the current field. The obtained data was converted into the control signal, and then output to the electric proportional valve, so as to realize the negative feedback control of system. Some models were established for the traditional, fuzzy, and GA-based fuzzy PID control, according to the requirements of control system. Particularly, the fuzzy PID control model was first established before the GA-based fuzzy PID control model. The input quantity of fuzzy controller was set as the error and the error rate of change, while the output quantity was set as the compensation value of three parameters in the PID controller, where each input and output quantity was set to 7 fuzzy language values. Therefore, there were 49 fuzzy control rules in total. Subsequently, the fuzzy control rules were chromosome-coded within GA. The chromosomes of fuzzy control rules were then simulated and optimized to obtain the optimal fuzzy control rule table using genetic operators, such as selection, crossover, mutation. Correspondingly, the fuzzy PID controller was further set, according to the optimal fuzzy control rules. Finally, MATLAB software was also selected to simulate the traditional, fuzzy, and GA-based fuzzy PID control. Consequently, the response time of electric proportional valve control was 4.86 s for the variable rate fertilization control system using the GA-based fuzzy PID control, which was significantly shorter than the 8.4 s of the traditional PID control, and the fuzzy PID control of 7.32 s. An experimental platform was constructed to carry out the stability and variable control experiment for the flow control in the control system of liquid fertilizer variable rate fertilization. In addition, the flow error was measured during operation in the fertilization stability experiment. The average relative errors of control system were 5.01%, 3.41%, and 1.24%, respectively, corresponding to traditional PID control, fuzzy and GA-base fuzzy PID control during stable operation. The signal was collected and recorded for the actual vehicle speed change in the variable control experiment. The inputs were the collected vehicle speed signal to the controller through a signal generator, thereby to measure the flow when the vehicle speed changed. Consequently, the actual response times were 5.19, 4.12, and 3.21 s, respectively, corresponding to the three control modes. More importantly, the GA-based and fuzzy PID control reduced the average relative error of 3.77% and 2.17%, respectively, compared with traditional, when controlling the flow of variable rate fertilization control system. Additionally, the actual response time of GA-based and fuzzy PID reduced by 1.98 and 0.91s, compared with the traditional PID control. Anyway, the GA-based fuzzy PID control presented better response time to flow control in the variable rate fertilization control system than traditional and fuzzy PID control, indicating better operational stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feedstuffs can often be classified and then stored to enter the silo in feed processing. An accurate and rapid identification of the feedstuffs has been one of the most important steps at present. However, manual detection cannot fully meet the large-scale production of incoming feedstuffs in realtime. Timely feedback is also required for high efficiency, low intensity, and cost saving. This study aims to realize online sampling and identification of feedstuffs for the high automation level of feed processing. A multi-channel sampling device was designed for feedstuffs. An online identification system was also developed using machine vision. Three units were then divided into sampling, sample conveying, and image acquisition. The structural parameters were determined for the automatic sampler, conveying, and image acquisition device, such as the sampler installation angle of 60°, sampling time of 3 s, and conveyor belt conveying speed of 9 cm/s, according to the actual production. The online identification software was developed for feedstuffs using a PyQt5 environment, including an upper computer human-computer interaction software and a lower computer automatic control system. Among them, each function was divided into independent modules to facilitate the maintenance of functional programs, such as command sending, realtime image display, image processing and identification. Arduino Uno was selected as the system control core in the lower computer control system, in order to design the control process and circuit. The control programs were written in the development environment of Arduino IDE. At the same time, secondary development was carried out on the industrial camera to realize the real-time control of industrial camera using soft triggering. The upper computer software then communicated with the lower computer controller via the serial port, in order to obtain the automatic control of the online sampling and identification device. The CAM-ResNet18 model was constructed to identify the types of feedstuffs using convolutional neural networks (CNN).Experimental results showed that the identification accuracy of the model reached 99.4% in the test set, while the recall rate, F1 value, and specificity were 99.4%, 99.4%, and 99.9%, respectively. The model performed excellently to identify the feedstuffs. The basic functions, identification accuracy and time were tested after the model was embedded in system integration. The system ran normally and reliably on the intelligent operation, including automatic sampling, image acquisition, type identification, feedback, and one-click alarm, when feedstuffs entered the silo. The system performance test showed that the identification accuracy of feedstuffs was 98%, with an accuracy of 100% for eight feedstuffs, including rice, soybean meal, bran, flour, cottonseed meal, puffed corn, fish meal, and corn. The identification accuracies of peanut meal and wheat were 90%. The image processing can be further optimized to improve the identification accuracy of individual feedstuffs, such as peanut meal and wheat. The online sampling and identification time was 10.13 s. The online identification system can fully meet the requirements of online sampling and identification for the incoming feedstuffs. The finding can also provide promising technical support for the automatic identification of feedstuffs in feed processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] To study the effects of soil amendments and grafting cultivation on the soil properties of the solar greenhouse and tomato yield and quality, and to provide a reference for soil and vegetables. [Method] Experiment to set up soil amendments (no application of (Fl), biochar (F2)), Desulfurized gypsum (F3)) and cultivation mode (self-root seedling cultivation (S1), grafted seedling cultivation (S2)) 2 factors, random block design, a total of 6 treatments, respectively F1S1 (CK), F1F2, F2S1 F2S2, F3S1, F3S2. [Result] Compared with CK, the tomato plant height, stem thickness, chlorophyll and leaf area of ​​each treatment were significantly increased, and the increase of F2S2 treatment was the largest; F2S2 treatment can significantly reduce soil EC and increase pH. F1S2, F2S1, F3S1, and F3S2 can significantly increase soil EC and lower pH; the membership function method is used to evaluate soil nutrients and quality, and finally it is concluded that F2S2 treatment has the fastest increase in soil nutrients, and F3S2 treatment has the best nutritional quality; photosynthesis of each treatment The effect and yield have been improved, and the photosynthesis and yield increase in F2S2 treatment is the largest. [Conclusion] The application of biochar (10 t/hm2) per 667 m2 of soil and the treatment of grafting cultivation (F2S2) have the best effect and can be effective Improve soil fertility, promote plant photosynthesis, and increase fruit yield and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anastomosis stricture is a common complication after liver transplantation. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography(ERCP) or percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage( PTCD) is the ?rst recommended method. However, when the stricture is severe or totally occluded, conventional ways are unavailable. Magnetic recanalization is another useful choice for these cases. Based on the comprehensive literature review and experts experiences, expert recommendations, focusing on magnetic recanalization for the treatment of biliary anastomosis stricture after liver transplantation, were achieved on the indications or contraindications, magnetic design, operation steps, matters need attentions and complication prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 The present paper aimed to explore the physiological and biochemical response of Nymphaea minuta to low light environment, and to provide theoretical basis for seedling breeding and potted flower production management of micro-tropical water lily represented by N.minuta. 【Method】 A completely random experimental design was conducted. The shading treatments were set to 0(total illumination control, CK), 30% (light shading), 50% (medium shading), 70% (heavy shading) respectively by constructing shading nets with different layers. The number of leaves, leaf dry weight, leaf area and other growth indicators were measured by shading treatment for 120 days. The content and composition of photosynthetic pigments, soluble sugar, soluble protein and starch contents were measured by shading treatment for 30, 60, 90 and 120 days respectively. The effects of different shading conditions on leaf growth, photosynthetic pigment content and primary metabolites content of N.minuta were analyzed. 【Result】 During the shading period of 30-120 days, there were no significant differences between the average leaf area, photosynthetic pigment content, and soluble protein content of N.minuta treated with shading rate of 30%, 50% and CK (P＞0.05). After shading treatment for 120 days, the leaf number, average leaf dry weight, specific leaf weight, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and starch content of N.minuta decreased with increasing shading rate, while total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content, chlorophyll a/b content and carotenoid content all increased with increasing shading rate. Comparing with CK, the shading rate of 70% at 120 days treatments, the leaf number, average leaf dry weight and specific leaf weight of N.minuta were significantly decreased by 52.9%, 81.3% and 57.8%, respectively (P＜0.05, the same as below), total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content were significantly increased by 108.7%, 81.6%, 237.5% and 88.2% respectively, chlorophyll a/b content was significantly decreased by 39.1%, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content and starch content were significantly decreased by 43.4%, 56.2% and 53.2% respectively. The results of correlation analysis showed that the leaf number and average leaf dry weight were extremely positively correlated with soluble protein content (P＜0.01, the same as below), and the average leaf dry weight was negatively correlated with total chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a content, chlorophyll b content and carotenoid content. 【Conclusion】 N.minuta grew well in light and medium shading environments with shading rates of 30% and 50%, showing good light adaptive response and regulation ability. These two shading methods can be used for reference in the breeding of micro-tropical waterlily seedlings and potted flower production management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drip irrigation has been one of the most effective water-conserving irrigation technologies in the arid and semiarid areas. Among them, the rotational irrigation mode has been the mainstream application in Xinjiang, Western China. The Rotation Irrigation Groups (RIGs) have been widely designed to deal with the water shortage in the farmlands irrigation. However, the RIGs arrangement can often be taken several days to calculate in large-scale projects, according to the experience or EXCEL software. Furthermore, these traditional approaches cannot acquire the reasonable solution. Therefore, a single-objective model was previously proposed to verify the feasibility of the intelligent algorithm on the manual drip irrigation. In this study, a mathematical model was proposed to determine the minimum flow standard deviation using a gravitational search algorithm (GSRV) and Genetic Algorithm (GA) with the hybrid variable neighborhood. A systematic analysis was made to clarify the differences between the automated and manual drip irrigation, particularly for the high calculation efficiency under the intelligent algorithm. The chromosome coding and population initialization were also established to acquire the problem characteristics of automated drip irrigation, according to the dividing and dispersion index. An offspring repair algorithm was also designed to reduce the constraint and illegal solutions from the crossover and variation using the penalty function method. The selection of operator was also combined with a simulated annealing mechanism to avoid the optimization process falling into the local optimum. Since the classical GA presented the global solid search but the weak local search, two neighborhood structures were constructed using the flow and location adjustment, while a search algorithm was designed using Variable Neighborhoods Search (VNS), further to enhance the GA searchability and accuracy. As such, the different neighborhood operators were selected for the VNS to jump out of the local minima. The shaking procedure and the Local Search (LS) procedure were iteratively alternated until a predefined stop condition, thereby to escape from local optimal solutions. The specific search procedure was as follows. 1) The parameters were first initialized to calculate the population fitness, then to select the coding bit with the probability for the dynamic performance of variable neighborhood search. The next step was check the constraints to calculate the fitness value and update the population for the subsequent search. Finally, the population encoding was output until the population traversal was completed or the algorithm iterations reached. The experimental results show that the improved model was effective and universality in this case. Specifically, the minimum standard deviation of the solution was 10.03 m3/h. The solution was also converged in about 350 generations, where the branch pipes were dispersed in the different sub-main pipes. The GSRV-GA demonstrated an excellent convergence and search accuracy, which verified the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. Three groups of cases with different sizes were selected to carry out the verification of model universality, also indicating an excellent performance. The minimum standard deviations were 15.18, 13.93, and 7.52 m3/h, respectively. The average standard deviations of shaking experiment simulating the blockage of 1-5 branch pipes were 10.50, 11.09, 11.47, 12.15, and 12.81 m3/h, respectively. The jitter simulation experiment showed the influence of branch blockage on the flow equalization of the irrigation group, indicating the robustness of the model. At the same time, the approximate standard deviations of the flow rate were no more than 1%, and the dispersion values were 1 and 0.73 for the improved model and the previous one in the actual case, respectively. It infers that the different grouping requirements of rotation irrigation group were realized in the design. Consequently, the feasibility was achieved for the RIG division of automatic drip irrigation, thereby to fully meet the hydraulic calculation and engineering requirements in modern agriculture. The finding can provide the research foundation for the subsequent mining of water-saving technology in automatic drip irrigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A rotation irrigation is normally implemented in water-shortage regions, such as Xinjiang area of western China with widespread drip irrigation. Nevertheless, the conventional rotation irrigation group is generally divided into the fixed districts in the manual calculation. A better solution is thus highly demanding in this inefficient calculation. The rotation irrigation group is also representing the prominent regional and hydraulic characteristics in recent years. Therefore, it is necessary to clarify how to divide the rotation irrigation group in practice. Furthermore, the operation of the irrigation system needs to gradually complete the whole plot irrigation under the turn-on and turn-off valve sequence of several branch pipes in a rotation irrigation group. Correspondingly, there is a relatively high labor intensity in the operational mode, but with low investment cost, simple maintenance, and wide popularization, compared with the automatic operation of drip irrigation. In this study, a hybrid mathematical model was proposed to explore a better solution using the flow balance and structural constraints in the technical standards and division principles. Neighborhood characteristics were determined from the spatial distribution of branch pipes in the rotation irrigation group. The neighborhood search strategy and the repair of infeasible solution were given in the radius threshold range, further to find the critical path of the maximum extent. Four algorithms were selected to solve the model separately, including the genetic algorithm (GA), Greedy-GA, Tyson polygon-GA (Voronoi-GA), and Grid GA. The GA adopted the branch pipe model of actual number coding. The chromosome coding indicated that the branch pipe was opened in that group. The initial population was constructed using the Random, Greedy, Voronoi polygon, and Grid. The spatial distribution of branch pipe was applied in the neighborhood search strategy, further to serve as the structural feature in the rotation irrigation group. A uniform crossover strategy was adopted for the crossover and mutation of the offspring population. A competitive and elite retention strategy was adopted for the selection mechanism. Furthermore, the neighborhood structure represented the use of characteristic information. In the case of the rotation irrigation group, the spatial distribution of branch pipes presented critical structural characteristics. The specific search procedure was: first to establish the adjacency matrix of branch pipe, then to generate the reachable matrix using the Warshall, finally to calculate the critical path set for each valve, thereby converting the code. In a matrix form, the fundamental and non-key matrix was generated using a reachable matrix. Then the temporary path set was calculated and sorted to compare the valves in the non-critical matrix row for the standard deviation index. Feasible solutions were selected to update the matrix using four indicators from standard deviation, path length, connectivity, and running time. Furthermore, an optimal combination was achieved, where the mean flow rate in the rotation irrigation group was 260.06 m³/h, the standard deviation was 10.9 m³/h, the path length was 7 342.6 m, the mean path length was 8 105.2m, the mean path length within the group was 386.4 m, and the mean connectivity was 22. The neighborhood search strategy of the critical path was adopted to balance the distribution of branch pipes under the condition of objective function, suitable for daily management and maintenance. The Grid-GA and repair presented an excellent performance on the rotation operating group in a grip irrigation, particularly without the dimensional disaster in the multi-dimensional combination. Consequently, the hybrid optimal model and algorithm here can meet the hydraulic calculation and engineering requirements in modern agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective　 To investigate the clinical characteristics of female patients with myocardial infarction and the differences in serum levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins HSP47， XBP-1S， and GRP78 with male patients. Methods　 A total of 356 patients with acute myocardial infarction who were admitted to the hospital. The venous blood was collected within 24 hours after the onset，and the serum HSP47，XBP-1S and GRP78 concentrations were measured after centrifugation. They were divided into female group （n = 116） and male group （ n = 240） . The independent sample t test，chi-square test and nonparametric rank sum test were used for clinical data analysis. Results　 The age of onset in the female group was older than that in the male group （P < 0.05）； while the prevalence of smoking and hypertension in the female group were lower than those in the male group （P < 0.05）. The level of XBP-1S in serum of female patients was higher than that of male patients （P = 0.023， P < 0.05）；but there was no significant difference in serum HSP47 and GRP78 levels between female patients and male patients （P > 0.05）. Serum GLU and BNP levels in the female patient group were higher than those in the male patient group （both P < 0.05），and the female patient group had lower levels of HCY （mmol/L），CREA （mmol/L）， uric acid （mmol/L） and eGFRm than in the male group （all P < 0.05）. The incidence of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction was 47.4% higher than that of the male group （P < 0.05）. Conclusion　 Female patients with acute myocardial infarction have an older age of onset，higher serum GLU and BNP levels. The incidence of non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction is higher in the female group and higher endoplasmic reticulum stress protein XBP-1S level within 24 hours of onset；while the serum levels of HCY，CREA，uric acid，and eGFRm in male patients with acute myocardial infarction were higher than those in the female group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The 30 phenotypic traits of 49 introduced waterlily resources at home and abroad were analyzed in order to provide a reference for the development and utilization of waterlily resources. [Method] The cluster analysis of 49 waterlily resources from different sources was carried out and based on the principal component analysis of phenotypic traits, a comprehensive evaluation was carried. [Result] The results showed that there were abundant variations in phenotypic traiLs of 49 introduced waterlily resources. The genetic diversity index of 16 quantitative traiLs ranged from 1.1859 to 1.9943. The genetic diversity index of flower diameter (1.9943 ), sepal width (1.9715 ), pedicel length (1.9714) was higher, and petal number (1.1859) was the lowest. Among the 14 quality traits, flower color (1.9750) ,flower fragrance (1.0907 ), leaf spot number (1.0324 ) had higher genetic diversity index, while leaf type (0.4101 ) had the lowest genetic diversity index. In terms of coefficient of variation, the range of 16 quantitative traits was 15.67% -89.52% . The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlation(P <0.01 ) between flower diameter (DF) and petal length (I.P), flower diameter (DF) and sepal length (LS), petal length (LP) and sepal length (LS), leaf length (LL) and leaf width (WL), leaf length (LL) and leaf fissure depth (DD), leaf width (WL) and leaf fissure depth (DD), and the correlation coefficients were 0.936,0.976, 0.959, 0.974, 0.959 and 0.944, respectively. Cluster analysis showed that 49 waterlily resources were divided into six groups. The first group were tropical medium-sized and laige waterlily cultivars. The second group were tropical full-valved wateiiily cultivars with petaled stamens. The third group were cold-tolerant medium-sized and large wateriily cultivars. The fourth group were tropical medium-sized and small waterlily cultivars. The fifth group were large tropical wateriily cultivars, while the sixth group were giant tropical wateriily (tropical Australian waterlily) cultivars. Principal component analysis showed that the eigenvalues of the first seven principal components were greater than 1, and the cumulative contribution rate was 81.86%. [Conclusion] Among the 49 tested materials, Nymphaea * Hybrida’ had the highest comprehensive score, followed by Nymphaea 1 Eidorado’, and the Nymphaea stellate had the lowest comprehensive score. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的：探索抗髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白免疫球蛋白G抗体相关疾病（anti⁃myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein⁃IgG associated disorder，MOGAD）首次发病的临床特点。方法：对56例临床确诊MOGAD患者首次发病临床资料进行回顾性分析， 包括年龄、性别、症状、磁共振成像（magnetic resonance imaging，MRI）、眼底、脑脊液（cerebrospinal fluid，CSF）、抗髓鞘少突胶质 细胞糖蛋白免疫球蛋白G抗体（anti⁃myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein⁃IgG，MOG⁃IgG）滴度水平、扩展功能障碍量表（expanded disability status scale，EDSS）评分、与第2次复发的间隔时间等。结果：首次发病年龄10~58岁，中位年龄23岁。男女比例为 1.8∶1。主要临床表现是脑膜脑炎（32.14%）、视神经炎（25.00%）、脊髓炎（17.86%）、脑干脑炎（14.28%）及多症状（10.71%）。 MRI表现无特异性，颅脑MRI显示病灶体积大、分布散，脑干病灶常伴随大脑半球病灶；脊髓受累以短节段损害为主。约一半 患者脑脊液白细胞及蛋白轻中度升高。以视神经炎为主要表现的患者眼底常见显著视乳头水肿。EDSS评分0.5~8.5分。 MOG⁃IgG抗体滴度以弱阳性多见，滴度与疾病严重程度及复发风险无相关性（P > 0.05）。首次发病后96.43%的患者（54/56）恢 复良好，3.57%的患者（2/56）有后遗症。75.00%的患者（42/56）有复发，与首次发作间隔1~60个月。未接受免疫调节治疗患者 的复发风险显著高于接受免疫调节治疗患者（P < 0.05）。第2次复发时的症状与首次症状无相关性（P > 0.05）。结论：MOGAD 首次发病大部分在青少年及青年时期，40岁之前占75.00%，未见老年期发病者。男性稍多于女性，临床表现多样，大部分患者 首次发病后恢复良好，免疫调节治疗可显著降低复发风险。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wireless sensor network is the underlying supporting technology of agricultural internet of things. A large number of wireless sensors are deployed in various precision agriculture fields, which not only enhance people's ability to obtain various kinds of information, but also realize the communication between information and the physical world. However, there are also many problems in wireless sensor networks. At this time, the rising cloud computing technology not only creates new applications and services, but also strengthens the capability of sensor networks in data storage and processing, which effectively promotes the development of agriculture. Through the combination of cloud computing and sensor network, the sensor cloud system is born. In this research, the sensor cloud technology and the powerful virtualization technology of cloud computing were combined to conduct in-depth exploration and research on its application in the field of precision agriculture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the changes of ANP levels in the peripheral blood of patients with essential hypertension in Yunnan, and to explore the relationship between it and the pathogenesis of essential hypertension. Methods We selected 44 patients with essential hypertension diagnosed in the cardiology department of our hospital from June to September 2019 and set them as the case group. We also selected 44 healthy patients from the physical examination center of our hospital as the healthy control group. The ELISA method was used to detect the ANP level in the peripheral blood of the subjects. Results The level of ANP in the peripheral blood of patients with essential hypertension was significantly lower than that of normal people ( P < 0.05)；the occurrence of hypertension was used as the dependent variable and the serum ANP was used as the independent variable for logistic regression analysis. The results showed that ANP The partial regression coefficient with hypertension was 0.071, and the P value was 0.002 (P < 0.05). It was statistically significant; the person correlation analysis was used to analyze ANP and SBP/DBP, and the results showed that the correlation coefficient between ANP and SBP was -0.374. The P value is 0.000 (P < 0.05)；the correlation coefficient between ANP and DBP is - 0.331, and the P value is 0.002（P < 0.05), both of which are statistically significant, but compared to DBP, the correlation between ANP and SBP is more significant. Conclusions The low concentration of ANP in peripheral blood is closely related to the increase of blood pressure; NPR-C ligand ANP is involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension; ANP affects the changes in the level of SBP/DBP, and has a more significant impact on SBP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)-based comprehensive minimally invasive treatment for biliary anastomotic stenosis (BAS) after liver transplantation. Methods Clinical data of 60 BAS recipients after liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed, 54 male and 6 female, aged (48±10) years. ERCP was initially carried out. If it succeeded, plastic or metallic stents were placed into the biliary tract. If it failed, percutaneous transhepatic cholangial drainage (PTCD) or single-operator cholangioscopy (SpyGlass) was adopted to pass through the stenosis. If all these procedures failed, magnetic anastomosis or other special methods were delivered. The incidence and treatment of BAS after liver transplantation were summarized. The efficacy, stent removal and recurrence were observed. Results The median time of incidence of BAS after liver transplantation was 8 (4, 13) months. Within postoperative 1 year, 1-2 years and over 2 years, 39, 16 and 5 recipients were diagnosed with BAS, respectively. All 60 BAS recipients after liver transplantation were successfully treated, including 56 cases initially receiving ERCP, and 41 completing BAS treatment, with a success rate of 73%. The failure of guide wire was the main cause of ERCP failure. The success rates of PTCD, SpyGlass and magnetic anastomosis were 5/9, 5/7 and 7/8, respectively. Two recipients were successfully treated by percutaneous choledochoscope-assisted blunt guide wire technique and stent placement in the biliary and duodenal fistula. After 3 (3, 4) cycles of ERCP and 13 (8, 18) months of stent indwelling, 38 recipients reached the stent removal criteria, including 25 plastic stents and 13 metallic stents. The indwelling time of plastic stents was longer than that of metallic stents (P<0.05). Six cases suffered from stenosis recurrence at 12 (8, 33) months after stent removal, and the recurrence rate was 16%. Six patients were treated with ERCP, and 5 of them did not recur after the stents were successfully removed. Multivariate analysis showed that delayed diagnosis of stenosis and frequent ERCP before stent removal were the independent risk factors for BAS recurrence (both P<0.05). Conclusions ERCP-based comprehensive minimally invasive treatment may improve the success rate of BAS treatment after liver transplantation and yield satisfactory long-term efficacy. Delayed diagnosis of BAS and high frequent ERCP required for stent removal are the independent risk factors for BAS recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In industrial applications, fully supervised semantic segmentation of surface-imprinted character images will bring high dataset annotation costs to enterprises. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a dual-branch feature fusion domain adaptation(DbFFDA) method. First, the method draws on the design idea of U-Net’s cross-layer connection, and proposes a residual adaptation network (Res-Adp） with a dual-branch upsampling structure. At the same time, this method proposes fusion feature input to improve network segmentation performance and overcome the problem of missing characters. Furthermore, this method proposes a segmentation continuity loss function LCon, which suppresses the generation of noise in segmented images. In the unsupervised segmentation experiment of imprinted characters on the surface of graphite electrodes, the MIoU value of the proposed method can reach 69.60%. The actual segmentation effect has basically met the needs of character recognition, and it is expected to be put into practical applications in specific industrial scenarios, saving enterprises huge dataset labeling costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] In regions near Dianohi, Erhai, Fuxian, Xingyun and Yangzong lakes, currently, use and application rales of chemical fertilizers and pesticides are empirical. Quantifying pH, cation exchange capacity (CEC), texture (proportions of clay, silt and sand) can be useful to precise application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in soils. [Method] 249 soil samples adjacent to water body of lakes were randomly taken. CEC, pH, soil texture (proportions of clay, silt, sand) were determined, categorized and compared among regions near lakes. Pair-wise correlation and regression analyses were conducted between variables. [Result]Soil pH, CEC and texture surrounding lakes were significantly different. Clay proportion positively correlated with CEC. Sand and silt proportions negatively correlated with CEC. Clay proportion was the most weighted variable; regression equation with CEC explained more variance, R2 =0.54. [Conclusion] In soils with lower CEC, the application rates of chemical fertilizers and pesticides should be ‘less quantity, more often’; In soils with higher CEC, the application rates should be ‘more quantity, less often’. In comparison to soils close to the east of Erhai lake, soils close to the west contained more sand and silt proportions, predisposing chemical fertilizers and pesticides to leaching or surface runoff to the water body. Clay proportion was the most-weighted variable explaining more variance of soils and could be included in regression equation to estimate CEC more accurately compared with sand and silt proportions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the application effect of telemedicine robot on the postoperative followup of liver transplantation recipients from donation after cardiac death (DCD). Methods A total of 100 recipients undergoing liver transplantation from DCD in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi 'an Jiaotong University from January 2014 to December 2017 were recruited in this investigation. According to differnt follow-up patterns, all recipients were divided into the research group (n=50, follow-up by telemedicine robot) and control group (n=50, follow-up by traditional telephone). The compliance (medication compliance, self-monitoring, life compliance and follow-up compliance), followup time and follow-up satisfaction at postoperative 3 months of all DCD liver transplantation recipients were analyzed and statistically compared between research group and control group. Results The scores of medication compliance, self-monitoring, life compliance, follow-up compliance and the total score of compliance in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The each follow-up time of liver transplantation recipients in the research group was (9±4) min, significantly shorter than (13±4) min in the control group (t=-4.452, P<0.001). The score of satisfaction during postoperative follow-up in the research group was 19.8±2.6, significantly higher than 16.2±3.1 in the control group (t=6.234, P<0.001). Conclusions The application effect of telemedicine robot on the postoperative follow-up of liver transplantation recipients from DCD is satisfactory, deserves widespread application in clinical practice. It is expected to become an indispensable part of the postoperative follow-up of liver transplantation recipients from DCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To analyze the risk factors of early acute kidney injury (AKI) after liver transplantation from donation after cardiac death(DCD) donor liver. Methods Clinical data of 184 donors and recipients undergoing liver transplantation from DCD donor liver were retrospectively analyzed. According to the incidence of early AKI, all participants were divided into the AKI and non-AKI groups. The patients in the AKI group were subject to AKI staging. Baseline data, preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative related parameters were statistically compared between two groups. The cumulative survival rate and clinical prognosis of patients in non-AKI group and AKI group with different staging were statistically analyzed by Kaplan-Meier curve analysis. Results Among 184 patients, 68 cases (37.0%) presented with early AKI after liver transplantation including 31 stage 1 AKI, 26 stage 2 AKI and 11 stage 3 AKI, mainly occurring within postoperative 3 d. Univariate analysis revealed that preoperative levels of albumin <35 g/L, preoperative levels of serum sodium ≤137 mmol/L, operation time>7.5 h, intraoperative hemorrhage volume>3 000 mL, intraoperative red cell infusion volume>15 U and intraoperative urine amount ≤100 mL/h were the risk factors of early AKI after liver transplantation (all P<0.05). Multi-variate Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that intraoperative red cell infusion > 15 U was an independent risk factor of early AKI after liver transplantation [odds ratio(OR) 1.061, 95% confidence interval(CI) 1.008-1.118, P=0.024]. Result of Kaplan-Meier survival curve suggested that the cumulative survival rate was gradually reduced along with the aggravation of AKI with statistical significance (all P<0.05). Conclusions The incidence of early AKI following liver transplantation is relatively high. The severity of early AKI is intimately correlated with the short- and long-term prognosis of the recipients. A large quantity of intraoperative red blood cell infusion is an independent risk factor of AKI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose a recommendation model of application customer to reduce the time and cost of the salesperson by recommending the application customer to salesperson. The model is built based on customer information, premise information, and two new features which are extracted from salesperson’s feedback. Estimation precision is evaluated by three algorithms: SVM, Decision Tree and Random Forest. We applied three algorithm against five data sets. As a result, the highest estimation precision was 49.2% using RF against the data which selected by some important features (data 5). In the case of using the customer information and property information (data 3), estimation precision was 38.7%. Moreover in the case of adding new two features against that data (data 4), estimate precision was 44.2%. From comparison between data 3 and data 4, we clarified that the new two features increased the estimation precision. Also, from comparison between data 4 and data 5, we clarified that selecting some important features increased the estimation precision. In addition, according to the feedback from the ABC TENPO Inc which we are conducting joint research, our model increased the precision compared with the veteran salesperson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cultivation and blooming were studied for 6 single flower cultivars and 12 double flower cultivars of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana introduced from Holland,and grey correlation analysis was carried out for main characters of cultivars. The experimental results are as follows: Kalanchoe blossfeldiana has a good cultural adaptability in Kunming,and survival rate of most cultivars can reach above 95 %. Days required from planting to blooming of Kalanchoe blossfeldiana: 155- 180 d for single flower cultivars,188- 210 d for double flower cultivars; Florescence of single flower cultivars is 68- 103 d, and double flower cultivars is 50- 98 d. According to grey correlation analysis, ‘Parina', ‘Rumina' in single flower cultivars and ‘Tate', ‘Ewbank', ‘Casablanca' in double flower cultivars have a good correlation with ideal reference cultivars, so these cultivars are recommended to be planted in Kunming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]