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Aiming at the problem of non-limit active earth pressure of sand during active displacement of rigid retaining wall, the active failure process of sand under rotating about the base (RB) mode, rotating about the top (RT) mode and translation (T) mode was simulated and analyzed by using PFC 2D . The results show that there are differences in the mobilization of internal friction angle and the soil-wall interface friction angle in soil under different displacement modes. During the active displacement of the retaining wall, the soil failure in RB mode starts from the top of the wall and develops to the foot of the wall. Only the area near the back of the wall appears the principal stress deflection in the soil wedge, and the mobilized value of the internal friction angle in the soil wedge can reach the limit value. In RT mode, the soil failure starts from the foot of the wall to the soil surface along the back of the wall and the sliding surface. The deflection angle of the principal stress in the middle and upper part of the soil wedge behind the wall is large, forming a large principal stress arch, which corresponds to the reduction of the mobilized value of the friction angle in this area relative to the initial internal friction angle. In T mode, the soil failure develops from the top of the wall to the foot of the wall along the back of the wall and from the foot of the wall to the surface of the soil along the slip surface. A small principal stress arch appears in the soil wedge behind the wall, and the mobilized value of the internal friction angle increases from the initial internal friction angle, but it does not reach the limit value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to assess the water resources carrying capacity of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin, this paper chose a set of 20 evaluation indicators initially, targeting four distinct secondary regions. Through an analytical process involving sensitivity and correlation assessments, seven indicators that exhibited low sensitivity and high correlation were pruned, culminating in a refined set of 13 indicators. These indicators were systematically organized into four sub-systems of water resources, societal factors, economic aspects, and ecological environment. The composite scores were derived by integrating the entropy weight method with the TOPSIS model. Furthermore, a barrier factor diagnosis model was applied to evaluate the water resources carrying capacity across the four secondary regions. The findings reveal spatial variations in carrying capacity, with the area above Longyangxia station demonstrating the highest capacity, followed by the sections from Longyangxia station to Lanzhou and from Lanzhou to Hekouzhen station, and the lowest capacity observed in the section from Longmen to Sanmenxia station. In terms of temporal trends, barring the area above Longyangxia station, a steady rise in carrying capacity is observed in the remaining three regions. Key factors impeding the water resources carrying capacity in the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin encompass per capita water availability, water production index, per capita water supply, population density, urbanization rate, and the rate of water usage for ecological environments. Strategic planning of water resources distribution, restructuring water consumption patterns, and synchronizing water resources carrying capacity with economic growth are instrumental in enhancing and sustaining the carrying capacity of the Gansu section of the Yellow River Basin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the expression changes of histone deacetylase 7（HDAC7） and ubiquitin-specific peptidase 10（USP10） in non-small-cell lung cancer （NSCLC） tissues and their significance. Methods Ninety-eight NSCLC patients underwent tumor resection, with cancer tissues and adjacent tissues preserved during the operation. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HDAC7 and USP10 in tissues. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between HDAC7 and USP10 expression in NSCLC cancer tissues, and to analyze the relationships between HDAC7 and USP10 expression and the clinicopathological parameters of NSCLC patients. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the relationship between HDAC7 and USP10 expression and the prognosis of NSCLC patients, and the COX multivariate proportional hazard model was used to analyze the factors for the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Results The positive rates of HDAC7 in the NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues were 65. 31% （64/98） and 6. 12% （6/98), respectively （χ2 =74. 756, P<0. 05). The positive rates of USP10 in the NSCLC tissues and adjacent tissues were 63. 27% （62/98） and 8. 16% （8/98), respectively （χ2 =64. 800, P<0. 05). The positive expression rates of HDAC7 and USP10 in cancer tissues with stage III NSCLC, low tumor differentiation, and lymph node metastasis were higher than those with TNM stage Ⅰ–Ⅱ, high and medium differentiation, and no lymph node metastasis （all P<0. 05). The expression of HDAC7 and USP10 in NSCLC cancer tissues showed a significant positive correlation （r=0. 714, P<0. 05). The 3-year cumulative survival rates of HDAC7 positive and USP10 positive patients were lower in comparison with those of HDAC7 negative and USP10 negative patients （ χ2 =16. 300, 15. 870, respectively； all P<0. 05). Positive HDAC7 expression, positive USP10 expression, poorly differentiated tumor, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage III were independent risk factors for the prognosis of NSCLC patients. Conclusion HDAC7 and USP10 are highly expressed in NSCLC tissues, HDAC7 and USP10 may synergistically promote the development and progression of NSCLC, and the prognosis of NSCLC patients with high expression levels of HDAC7 and USP10 is poor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the additional mass method has been gradually applied to nondestructive testing of the compacted density of rockfill. Based on existing research results, it conducted an additional mass method impact factor test on the main rockfill material and transition material of the upper reservoir of Henan Xinhua Wuyue Pumped Storage Power Station by taking into account the five test factors of the dominant frequency of the geophone, the drop distance and offset distance of the hammer, the magnitude of the additional mass and the levels of the additional mass. The test results show that the particle size change of the rockfill material has a significant impact on the selection of the additional mass method test parameters, This is mainly related to the lithology, grading, and stiffness of the rockfill. In order to improve the reliability of the additional mass method, before conducting the additional mass method test, it is necessary to first conduct the additional mass method parameter calibration test on the test rockfill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at solving the problem that rapid increase of time delay in data synchronization within existing mimic storage architecture, which led to the performance degradation during system security scheduling. This paper proposed a pre-synchronization model that enabled standby executors to utilize checkpoints in heterogeneous pools for data pre-synchronization, thereby reducing the time required for the executor to go online. Furthermore, according to the synchronization characteristics of the pre-synchronization model and the switching scheduling situation, this paper designed an execution cycle maximum efficiency checkpointing (CMEC) method. This method can determine the optimal checkpoint interval by maximizing the effective work rate of each execution cycle, balancing checkpoint overhead and rollback overhead. The experiments show that, compared with the existing full-volume synchronization strategy, this method shortens the synchronization time required for the executor to go online, improves the synchronization efficiency and ensures the stability and continuity of the system under increasingly heavy business loads [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AIM: To establish a method for isolating and culturing primary rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) with high purity using the differential sieving technique. METHODS: Brain tissue from 4-week-old SD rats was minced, passed through a cell strainer, and digested with type II collagenase to obtain brain microvascular segments, which were then placed in a C02 incubator for primary culture. The cells were identified by morphological observation and immunocytochemical staining for von Willebrand factor (vWF). RESULTS: After 24 h of culture, short spindle-shaped endothelial cells migrated out from the microvascular segments. Forty-eight hours later, the cells formed islandlike colonies. After 72 h, the cells covered the bottom of the container and exhibited a typical cobblestone-like pattern. Immunocytochemical staining for vWF showed brownish-red cytoplasm, indicating positive expression. CONCLUSION: The differential sieving method can successfully isolate and culture primary rat BMECs with exceptional purity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop and validate a risk prediction model for severe DPN in patients with type 2 diabetes using glucose variability parameters, and to provide the evidence for the prevention and treatment of diabetic chronic complications. Methods　The medical records from 323 inpatients with T2DM who met the inclusion criteria were collected in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from April 2019 to May 2020. Based on the professional sensory threshold measured, patients were divided into none-sever DPN group and severe DPN group. Lasso regression model was used to select risk factors. A risk prediction models for severe DPN was established and shown as a nomogram. ROC curve, calibration curve and decision curve analysis was used to validate the model. Results: Age, smoking, dyslipidemia, HbA1c and TIR were significant predictors of severe DPN in type 2 diabetes patients, and TIR was an independent risk factor for severe DPN. An assessing model discrimination was established by using ROC curves with AUC = 0.653 (95%CI = 0.592 - 0.715, P < 0.05). The Hosmer-Lemeshow test was used to determine the model fit with P value 0.074. Conclusion: TIR can be a significant predictor of the severe DPN in patients with T2DM, and the clinical prediction model established on the basis of TIR has the fair accuracy. It is recommended to actively intervene in the patients with a risk of severe DPN greater than 20% (score > 250) evaluated by the model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial micro-expressions have the characteristics of short duration, small range of motion and only occurs in local areas of the face, which brings great challenges to the accurate recognition of micro-expressions.Aiming at solving these problems, a micro-expression recognition algorithm based on continuous spatiotemporal attention network is proposed.The algorithm consists of two channels: primary and secondary.The primary channel is the continuous spatiotemporal attention module and the secondary channel is the position calibration module.Firstly, the main channel is discretely sampled, and the original video frames are extracted at equal intervals to form a new video sequence.The motion difference between each frame is extracted by the inter frame difference method, and then it is input into the continuous spatiotemporal network to extract the motion spatiotemporal features of facial muscles.Secondly, the position of the main channel information is calibrated by using the facial position information extracted by the sub channel.Finally, the classifier Softmax is input to classify the micro-expression.Experiments show that the average recognition accuracy of the algorithm is 89.96%,86.73% and 89.76% respectively on three micro-expression data sets, which is higher than other existing algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to explore the water resources green efficiency in cities of nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River Basin, based on the SBM-DEA model and Tobit model, the spatial-temporal patterns and influencing factors of water resources green efficiency in 99 prefecture-level cities in nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River Basin were analyzed. The results show that a) the overall water resources green efficiency in nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River shows a stable rising trend, the lower reaches enjoy the highest average annual efficiency, the lower reaches of the Central Plains Urban Agglomeration and the Shandong Peninsula Urban Agglomeration rank the top, while the upper reaches of the Lanzhou-Xining Urban Agglomeration and along the Yellow River in Ningxia Urban Agglomeration are relatively poor. b) The water resources green efficiency in nine provinces (regions) of the Yellow River has a significant spatial agglomeration distribution, and the cities with high efficiency are mainly concentrated in the economically developed and main grain-producing provinces in the lower reaches. The water resources green efficiency shows a significant positive spatial autocorrelation with agglomeration and spillover effect. c) The scale of the primary and tertiary industries, water resources endowment and water-saving level have positive effects on the water resources green efficiency, while foreign direct investment has a negative effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the long-term mechanical properties of dry hot rocks in thermal reservoir, the time-dependent micromechanical deformation of granite was studied by grid micro-indentation creep test. The results show that the indentation points of granite show obvious creep deformation under constant load. The fractional Maxwell model composed of spring elements and Abel pot in series can describe the time-dependent deformation of granite under constant pressure. The relationship between the micromechanical parameters obtained by grid micro-indentation test and the composition and macro mechanical parameters of granite is not clear, which needs further study. At the same time, as a new quantitative evaluation method of rock micromechanical properties, micro-indentation test technology has a good application prospect in rock mechanical parameters assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrolysis and polycondensation (and hence crosslinking) of the organosilicon functional group in synthesis reactions is a technical problem that is often encountered. To solve this problem, a new organolsilicate polymer (ADMOS) was developed through emulsion polymerization with monomers such as acrylic acid (AA), vinylmethyldimethoxysilane (VMDS) and methacryloxy ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (DMC). 2,2'-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (ABIN) was used as initiator in the polymerization reaction. The optimum synthesis conditions are: molar ratio of the monomers AA∶DMC = 3∶1, the concentration of VMDS id 5.0% of the total mass of the monomers, the concentration of ABIN = 0.3%, the reaction temperature = 70 ℃, the total concentration of the monomers = 25%. and pH = 5. Using ¹H-NMR, TGA and GPC, the molecular structure of ADMOS was determined. TGA measurement showed that ADMOS has excellent thermal stability. The inhibitive capacity of ADMOS was tested using linear expansion test, hot rolling test and mud ball immersion test. Liner expansion test results showed that the linear rate of expansion of clay cores was reduced from 83.37% measured by immersing the cores in water to 16.57% measured by immersing the clay cores in 3% ADMOS solution. Hot rolling test with water and 3% ADMOS solution showed that the percent recovery of shale cuttings was increased from 11.82% to 92.85%. Mud ball test showed that ADMOS can effectively hinders the invasion of water molecules into the interior of the mud balls, thereby inhibiting the hydration and dispersion of the clays. The inhibition mechanisms of ADMOS were revealed from a microscopic perspective through Zeta potential measurement, XRD, EDS, AFM and combined IR-TGA analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To systematically evaluate the development of auditory and language in children with inner ear malformation after cochlear implantation, in addition, to compare and analyze the differences of auditory and language development between these children and children with normal inner ear structure. Methods The 52 children with unilateral cochlear implantation were retrospectively selected and analyzed, they were divided into abnormal inner ear structure group and normal inner ear structure group according to whether the inner ear structure was abnormal or not, with 26 cases in each group. The auditory and language development of the two groups were compared and analyzed before operation, the 1st month, 3 rd month, 6 th month and 12th month after operation. The auditory function was assessed with CAP and ITMAIS scales, while the language function was assessed with SIR and MUSS scales. Results At the 1st month, 3 rd month, 6 th month and 12th month after cochlear implantation, the scores of auditory and language development (CAP, ITMAIS, SIR and MUSS) were significantly different from those before cochlear implantation, which has showed a gradually increasing trend. The auditory function of normal inner ear structure group and abnormal inner ear structure group were compared before operation, the 1st month, 3 rd month, 6 th month and 12th month after operation, there was statistical significant difference (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference between the normal inner ear structure group and the abnormal inner ear structure group in the preoperative language function SIR score (P = 0.303), however, there were significant differences in language function between the two groups at the 1st month, 3 rd month, 6 th month and 12th month after operation (P < 0.05). Conclusion Within one year after cochlear implantation, the auditory and language ability of children with inner ear malformation has been significantly improved, however, there are some differences between the children with abnormal inner ear structure and those with normal inner ear structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis is a common chronic disease leading to osteopenia, reduced strength, bone pain and fragile fractures. It affects the health of most middle-aged and elderly people worldwide. Calcium, vitamin D supplements, bisphosphonates, estrogens and other medications are used to focus on preventing and delaying bone resorption. Osteoporosis requires targeted therapeutics that are precise in cell dynamics and differentiation. Through continuous exploration and study of the signaling pathways involved in osteoporosis, we found that Wnt/β-catenin is extremely important in normal bone growth and metabolism. β-catenin is a key molecule mediating the survival and differentiation of osteoblasts. New drugs such as Romozumab and Denosumab are involved in the regulation of osteoporosis by regulating the activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which affects the osteogenesis of BMSC, the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and the generation of osteoclasts. This article summarizes the specific role of β-catenin in the regulation of osteoblasts, osteoclasts and osteoporosis. We explore the research progress of Wnt proteins and β, catenin in order to discover more innovative targets for the treatment of osteoporosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Long term gridded meteorological data in 1961-2018 was used in this study instead of in situ observation in previous studies. The spatial and temporal patterns of frost identification thresholds, frost occurrence frequency and frost intensity in the mainland China were investigated through trend analysis and cluster analysis, in order to use climate resources under climate change and reduce the losses caused by frost disasters to agricultural production. The main results were as follows, (1) for screen threshold for frost hazards, the frost date information including first frost date, last frost date and frost free days was detected with detailed geographically spatial pattern and reasonable spatial feature in the threshold of daily 2m minimum air temperature of 0°C than the ones detected by the threshold of daily 2m minimum air temperature of 2°C. (2) In 1961-2018, first frost date in most China was generally delayed (l-3d- 10y_1), and last frost date is advanced. Both of them induced the frost-free days5 increase (l-3d-10y_1). (3) The annual frequency of different frosts intensities had a weakly increased in northern China and obviously decreased in southern China. And the annual frequency of spring frost in different intensities was higher than that of autumn frost in different intensities. (4) The frost hazard's regionalization clustered by frost date and frequency of frost intensity had five sub-regions, which were subtropical zone, warm tropical zone, middle temperate zone, cold temperate zone, and Qinghai-Tibet Plateau zone. In these sub-regions, the Qinghai-Tibet plateau zone had the most dramatic variation in frost dates. Generally, the warming trend in China had a significant weakening effect on the occurrences of frost damage in time, space and intensity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To compare the clinical outcomes of IVF/ICSI-ET in patients with or without scared uterus after cesarean sections. Methods：A total of 3 331 cycles of IVF/ICSI treatment during Jan 2016 to Dec 2018 were recruited in this retrospective study. They were divided into two groups: the cycles in group A had histories of cesarean sections (n=249)，the cycles in group B were nulliparous or had histories of vaginal delivery (n=3 082). The overall clinical characteristics were compared between the two groups, and the pregnancy outcomes after blastocyst transfer or cleavage stage embryo transfer were also compared. Results: There were no significant differences in the rate of high quality embryo transferred, embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, ectopic pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, live birth rate, multiple pregnancy rate between the two groups when the blastocyst or single cleavage stage embryo was transferred (all P＞0.05), but the preterm delivery rate was significant higher in group A （P＜0.05）. The rate of high quality embryo transferred, embryo implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, multiple pregnancy rate were significant lower in group A than those in group B when double cleavage stage embryos were transferred (all P＜0.05), but the ectopic pregnancy rate, miscarriage rate, and preterm delivery rate were similar in the two groups（all P＞0.05）. Conclusions：The clinical outcomes of IVF/ICSI-ET treatment are similar between the patients with or without scared uterus when single embryo is transferred，except an increased rate of preterm delivery in patients with scared uterus. It is necessary to study further the clinical outcomes of double embryos transfer in those patients with scared uterus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hunan is the main double cropping rice production area in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. A long-term experiment of a winter crop-double cropping rice rotation system began in 2004 on a red paddy soil in Hunan Province. The experiment consisted of five treatments, including fallow-double cropping rice, potato-double cropping rice, ryegrass-double cropping rice, milk vetch-double cropping rice, and rape-double cropping rice, with three replicates of all the treatments. In order to optimize winter crop-double cropping rice rotation pattern, promote efficient use of resources, and increase farmers′ income, the efficiencies of solar radiation and heat resource, and the economic benefit of the five rotation systems were analyzed and compared in 2017. The annual solar radiation use efficiency of potato-double cropping rice rotation system was significantly higher than other models. Compared with ryegrass-double cropping rice, milk vetch-double cropping rice, and rape-double cropping rice, solar radiation productive efficiency of potato-double cropping rice rotation system was significantly increased by 0.16, 0.18 g·MJ-1, and 0.21 g·MJ-1, respectively. The accumulated heat productive efficiency of the potato-double cropping rice rotation system was significantly increased by 1.24, 1.36 kg·hm-2 ·℃-1 ·d-1, and 1.52 kg·hm-2 ·℃-1 ·d-1, respectively. There were no significant differences in phosphorus nutrient biomass production efficiency of the five rotation systems. The order of nitrogen nutrient biomass production efficiency was potato-double cropping rice（73.23）>fallow-double cropping rice（69.84）> rape-double cropping rice（68.30）>ryegrass-double cropping rice（65.47）>milk vetch-double cropping rice（60.99）. The order of potassium nutrient biomass production efficiency was milk vetch-double cropping rice（70.63）>fallow-double cropping rice（66.10）>rapedouble cropping rice（57.58）>ryegrass-double cropping rice（56.37）>potato-double cropping rice（47.91）. There was no significant differences in the NPK partial factor productivity of early rice and late rice in the five rotation systems（P>0.05）, and there was a significant difference in the NPK harvest index of late rice（P<0.05）. The order of the economic benefits was potato-double cropping rice>rapedouble cropping rice>ryegrass-double cropping rice>milk vetch-double cropping rice>fallow-double cropping rice. The potato-double cropping rice was high input and high output type, ryegrass-double cropping rice and rape-double cropping rice were low input and middle output type, and milk vetch-double cropping rice was low input and low output type. The results indicate that the potato-double cropping rice rotation system is suitable for popularization and application in Hunan double cropping rice area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The manufacture of ear brackets in traditional ear reconstruction is likely to cause ear distortion, and 3 D printing technology makes it possible to prepare individualized and highly simulated ears. OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of making individualized ear scaffolds using granule cartilage plus n-butyl α-cyanoacrylate glue with 3 D printing technology. METHODS: Male and female modes of 3 D ear scaffolds were prepared for the affected ears according to the ears on the non-injured side. Granule cartilage and n-butyl α-cyanoacrylate glue were placed in the female modes to prepare ear cartilage scaffolds through slight adjustment based on male modes. Then the ear cartilage scaffolds were implanted into the back of New Zealand rabbits. The morphology of constructed ear scaffolds was dynamically observed. At postoperative 4, 8, and 12 weeks, the ear scaffolds were taken out in batches. The connection between granule cartilage and cartilage survival was histologically observed. Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect the expression of type II collagen. The animal experiments were approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Hunan Normal University, China(approval No. 201517). RESULTS and CONCLUSION: (1) Gross observation: compared with before surgery, the length, width and height of the reconstructed ears were not significantly changed, but the weight of the reconstructed ears was significantly increased at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery(P < 0.05). (2) Histological observation: Inflammatory cell infiltration was observed around granular cartilage. With the prolongation of ear scaffold implantation time, inflammatory cell count gradually decreased, and there were more newly formed vessels in the fascia attached to the scaffold. With the prolongation of implantation time, the number of new chondrocytes in the cartilage membrane gradually increased, cartilage volume gradually increased, and mature chondrocytes gradually increased. Obvious decomposition of n-butyl α-cyanoacrylate between cartilage pieces was not observed. Most of the cartilage pieces were still separated by n-butyl α-cyanoacrylate, and a few of cartilage pieces had fiber connections. With the prolongation of implantation time, the connections between cartilage pieces increased. (3) Immunohistochemistry observation: With the prolongation of ear scaffold implantation time, the expression of type II collagen gradually increased. (4) These results suggest that granule cartilage plus n-butyl α-cyanoacrylate glue combined with 3 D printing technology make preparation of individualized ear scaffolds feasible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To construct aud verify the RNA interlerence (RNAi) lentiviral vector of GATA4 gene. Methods We desigued two siRNA interlerence sequences of GATA4 gene aud connected them with pMGic7.1 vector after double enzyme digestion. The constructed vector was transfected into 293T cells, aud they were raudomly divided into the experimental mp, negative control up, aud blank control up. The expression of GATA4 was detected by Western blotting aud RT-qPCR, respectively Results The pMGic 7. 1 vector was correctly connected with one siRNA interlerence sequence, the gene sequence was as follows; CGAAACACCGGGGACATAATCACTGCGTAATCCTCGAGGATTACGCAGTGATTATGTCCTTTTTTGAATTCGGA (The bold part is the siRNA interference sequence), which met the requirements for the experiment. No target gene was added into the blank control group, and there was no protein band at 45 kDa. The relative expression levels of GATA4 protein in the experimental group and negative control group were 0. 739 0. 056 and 0. 997 0. 001, respectively, with statistically significant difference between the two groups (all P < 0. 05). The relative expression levels of GATA4 mRNA in the experimental group, negative control group, and blank control group were O. 362 0. 024, 0. 998 0. 001, and 0. 812 0.001, respectively; the relative expression of GATA4 in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the negative control group and the blank control group (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion The GATA4 gene 1 entiviral vector is successfully constructed, and the GATA4 gene can be effectively inhibited in vitro. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ecosystem and socioeconomic system are under dynamic evolution due to global climate change and human activities. Revealing coupling mechanism between ecosystem and socioeconomic system is the premise of maintaining their resilience and regional sustainable development. The Yellow River Delta is one of the regions with the most prominent contradictions between social and economic resources and ecological environment in China, with fragile ecological environment, high sensitivity to climate change and complex human activities. Thus, it is one of the typical areas to conduct coupling mechanism research on ecological protection and sustainable development. In order to meet the national requirement of high quality development and ecological civilization construction in the Yellow River Delta, this paper summarized the research progress of regional ecological protection and economic development, analyzed the coupling driving mechanism of ecological protection and regional sustainable development, reviewed multi-element, multi-process, multi-scale coupling mechanism and evolutionary path research outcomes and put forward new topics of coupling research of ecological protection and sustainable development in the Yellow River Delta, aiming to provide technological support for the high quality development of the Yellow River Delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

靶向治疗具有针对性强、不良反应小、毒性低等特点，在晚期非小细胞肺癌 (NSCLC) 治疗中的应用越来 越广泛，其中研究较多的是表皮生长因子受体 (EGFR) 抑制剂。EGFR 抑制剂分为单克隆抗体和酪氨酸激酶抑制剂 (EGFR-TKI)，其中 EGFR-TKI 药物共有3代。第 1 代EGFR-TKI 代表药物为吉非替尼和厄洛替尼，第 2 代 EGFRTKI 代表药物为阿法替尼和达克替尼，主要对抗对第 1 代 EGFR-TKI 产生耐药的突变；第 3 代 EGFR-TKI 代表药物 为奥希替尼，已成为 EGFR-TKI 治疗后进展患者和携带T790M耐药突变患者的一线标准治疗方案。不同于第 1 代 可逆性抑制剂，奥希替尼与靶点的结合是不可逆的；与第 2 代 EGFR-TKI 相比，奥希替尼对野生型 EGFR 的患者具 有较好的疗效，且其冶疗具有选择性。目前被人们所知晓的 EGFR 基因共发生 3 次突变，针对这些突变，临床上可 通过 EGFR-TKI 联合自噬诱导剂或自噬抑制剂、抗血管生成药物、蛋自络氨酸激酶 2 抑制剂等，提高耐药 NSCLC 患 者的治疗疗效。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to study the relationship between precipitation and atmospheric pollutants, according to the air quality data of 113 key environmental protection cities in China in 2017, the spatial distribution law of urban clusters and the linear fitting equation between them are obtained. Based on the distribution characteristics of precipitation in the north and south and the urban air pollution index, the fuzzy clustering method was used to classify cities with different degrees of affinity. The Spearman correlation and fitting regression method were used to analyze the air pollution characteristic value and precipitation. The results show that when the key environmental protection cities are clustered into five categories, the spatial distribution of "rings and loops" is presented. The innermost ring basically covers five provinces of Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Shanxi and Shaanxi. The rest of the city is distributed between the second and third rings, and the urban air quality gradually increases from the inside to the outside. As the number of clusters increases, the urban agglomeration pattern changes, and the spatial distribution develops into "distribution according to the basin", but the "circle" city does not change much. In this clustering situation, the impact of the amount of precipitation on the atmospheric quality environment of environmentally friendly cities can be clearly reflected. The precipitation is negatively correlated with the concentration of atmospheric pollutants, and the environment in these five provinces is seriously polluted. Using Kolmogorov- Smirnov test method, it is calculated that the overall distribution of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 conforms to the normal distribution, and that of SO2, PM10 and CO does not conform to the normal distribution, nor does it conform to the uniform and exponential distribution. The correlation coefficients of NO2, O3, PM2.5, SO2, PM10 and CO with precipitation are -0.316, -0.238, -0.332, -0.617, - 0.574 and -0.695, respectively. O3 is in weak correlation; NO2 and PM2.5 are in moderate correlation; SO2, PM10 and CO are in strong correlation. The coefficient of linear regression equation is between -0.031 and -0.008, and the negative correlation between precipitation and atmospheric pollutant concentration is obvious. The research results will help to understand the impact of precipitation on urban atmospheric environment changes, and provide the necessary theoretical support for the sustainable development of urban construction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore the changes of resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging ( r-fMRI) before and after acupuncture at right Taichong point in elderly patients with depression, and to investigate the regulation of acupuncture at Taichong point on the abnormal brain area. Methods: The resting state data of 15 elderly depression patients at 8 min before treatment and 8 min after acupuncture at right Taichong point were collected by using 3. 0 T magnetic resonance functional imaging technique, and the regional homogeneity ( ReHo) indexes were calculated and analyzed statistically. Results: Compared with those before acupuncture, the brain areas with decreased ReHo values after acupuncture were the left inferior temporal gyms, right suboccipital gyms, right middle temporal gyms, left orbital inferior frontalis gyms, left middle occipital gyms, left angular gyms, bilateral middle and superior frontal gyms, left cuneiform lobe, and superior parietal lobe; the brain areas with increased ReHo values after acupuncture were the left inferior temporal gyms, left insular lobe, bilateral hippocampus and parahippocampal gyms. Conclusion: Acupuncture at Taichong point can directly affect cognitive, emotional and visual related brain areas, and then regulate the abnormal cortex function in elderly patients with depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of Twist on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor stem cell phenotype transformation, and chemotherapy resistance in colorectal cancer HCT116 cells. Methods Human colon cancer HCTl 16 cells were selected and divided into the empty vector group and Twist overexpression group (Twist group). HCT116 cells in the empty vector group and Twist group were transfected with 2 μg of empty vector pcDNA3. 1 or pcDNA3. 1-Twist vector. The morphological observation and transwell assay were used to detect the invasive ability of cells. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were used to detect EMT markers E-cadherin and vimentin expression. Western blotting was used to detect the expression of tumor stem cell markers Bmil, Nanog and CD44. The HCT116 cells were given a chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin (0-10 μ,mol/L gradient concentration) and the cell viability was measured at 570 nm. P-gp protein expression was detected by Western blotting. The expression levels of ABCBl, ABCCl, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC5, ABCG2, ERCCl, XRCCl, MSH2, TUBB3, POLH, GSTπ and γ-GT1 were detected by real-time PCR. Results The morphology of HCT116 cells in the Twist group was differentiated from round to long spindle. The number of invasive cells in the empty vector group and Twist group were (6. 24 ± 0. 89) and (26. 83 ± 1. 02)/HP, respectively (P < 0. 05). The relative expression levels of EMT-related molecular protein E-cadherin in the empty vector group and Twist group were 0. 82 ± 0. 09 and 0. 24 ± 0. 04, respectively. The relative expression levels of vimentin were 0. 12 ± 0. 02 and 1. 05 ±0.12, respectively, with statistically significant difference in the protein expression (P <0. 05). The number of nucleation of HCT116 cells in the empty vector group and Twist group were (2. 43 ± 0. 14) and (10. 19 ± 0. 58) / HP, respectively (P <0. 05). The relative expression of Nanog in the empty vector group and the Twist group were 0. 06 ± 0. 01 and 0. 88 ± 0. 07, respectively. The relative expression levels of Bmil were 0. 23 ± 0. 04 and 1. 26 ± 0. 88, respectively. The relative expression of CD44 was 1. 45 ± 0. 09 and 8. 92 ± 0. 89, respectively; with statistically significant difference in the expression of Nanog, Bmil and CD44 between these two groups, all P < 0. 05. In the Twist group, the cell viability was 1.00±0.08, 0.84±0.09, 0.70±0.10, 0.53±0.07, 0.48±0.06 after stimulating at O, 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 μ,mol/L, respectively, and 1. 00 ± 0. 07, 0. 76 ± 0. 08, 0. 58 ± 0. 05, 0. 27 ± 0. 04, and 0. 08 ± 0. 04, in the vector group, respectively; statistically significant difference was found in the viability of oxaliplatin at different concentrations of HCT116 cells, all P < 0. 05. After oxaliplatin stimulation, the relative expression levels of ABCBl, ABC Cl, ABCC2, ABCC3, ABCC4, ABCC5, ABCG2, ERCCl, XRCCl, MSH2, TUBB3, POLH, GSTπ, γ-GTl increased in the Twist group. The expression levels of them in the Twsit group were 3. 20 ± 0. 35, 1. 10 ± 0. 11, 1. 14 ± 0. 18, 1. 09 ± 0. 09, 0. 88 ± 0. 09, 1. 09 ± 0. 12, 1. 30 ± 0. 14, 0. 98 ± 0. 10, 1. 02 ± 0. 13, 1. 13 ± 0. 08, 1. 42 ± 0. 25, 1. 09 ± 0. 08 0. 92 ± 0. 10, 1. 29 ± 0. 35, respectively, and they were 1 ± 0. 10, 1 ± 0. 14, 1 ± 0. 13, 1 ± 0. 15, 1 ± 0. 09, 1 ± 0. 12, 1 ± 0. 11, 1 ± 0. 15, 1 ± 0. 14, 1 ± 0. 13, 1 ± 0. 15, 1 ± 0. 09, 1±0. 15, and 1 ± 0. 17, respectively, in the empty vector group, with statistically significant difference in the ABCBl expression between the two groups (all P < 0. 05). Conclusion Twist can promote EMT and stem cell phenotype switching in colorectal cancer HCT116 cells and up-regulate the chemosensitivity of HCT116 cells . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve their numerical stability in shock-capturing computations, upwind flux schemes are analyzed to figure out the reason causing numerical shock instability, and a new hybrid upwind flux scheme is designed based on the analyses. Numerical test cases are specifically designed, for investigating the major factors which cause numerical shock instability of upwind schemes on unstructured grids. The test cases show that, in certain circumstance? inappropriate numerical results can be produced by the coeffect of grid discretization and flow condition, affecting the stability of computation. The numerical flux of momentum equations presents significant impact on numerical shock stability. Therefore, a hybrid scheme with adaptive dissipation term of momentum fluxes is designed based on TV scheme, and extra numerical dissipation can be introduced near shock wave, suppressing numerical perturbation. Numerical results show that, the new hybrid scheme is capable to stably capture shock wave on unstructured grids and remains the numerical resolution of the original TV scheme in simulating viscous flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The teaching of sign language from the perspective of embodied cognition is theoretically based on the second- generation cognitive science. It highlights the embodied. experiential and environmental features of the language learning process. In the teaching process of General Sign Language and Sign Language Interpretation. the experiential, situational and offline embodiment of the teaching situation can be constructed through the use of technologies such as Web-based multimedia, sign language virtual studio and sign language virtual reality. The teaching situation can advance the deep integration between the teaching theory and practical training technique in the sign language interpretation. eliminate the shortcoming of the previous teaching model which ignores the initiative, participative and experiential features of students in the language learning process, and also improve the students’ learning experience in which both their application skills of sign language and vocational skills can be enhanced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We used the first - principles method based on density functional theory to calculate the crystal structures, electronic structures, optical properties and phonon spectra of α - Si3N4 and β - Si3N4• The obtained results have been theoretically analyzed. The calculated results show that both phases contain strong covalent bonds and are insulators. The band gap of α - Si3N4 is slightly larger than that of β - Si3N4• The calculated optical absorption coefficients show that α - Si3N4 and β - Si3N4 mainly absorb ultraviolet light, and their energy loss peaks are around 24. 4 eV. In the phonon spectra, α - Si3N4 and β - Si3N4 have no imaginary frequency, indicating that they are stable. In the range of 0 - 1000 K, the heat capacity of α - Si3N4 is about twice that of β - Si3N4 . The calculated results in this paper will provide a theoretical basis for the related applications of Si3N4. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的比较胸腹腔镜微创手术与开放手术对食管癌患者术后早期肺功能的影响。方法2017年2月至2018年4月该院收治的80例食管癌患者，采用随机数字表法分为对照组（40例）与研究组（40例），对照组给予开放手术，研究组给予胸腹腔镜微创手术。比较两组患者术前及术后肺功能。结果两组患者治疗前第1秒用力呼气量（FEV1）、用力呼气量（FVC）及FEV1占预计值百分比（FEV1%）比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05），治疗后各指标水平均降低，但研究组各指标水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论对食管癌患者行胸腹腔镜微创手术治疗，对患者术后早期肺功能的影响更小，有利于患者快速康复。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focused on the problem of the source localization of coal mine gas release. Due to the existence of wind leakage,it is difficult to find the location accurately by using the conventional algorithms. In this study,a multisource sensor fusion based algorithm for locating the coal mine gas release was proposed. Firstly, the gas distribution in the goaf of a fully mechanized working face was analyzed and the observation model ol mine goaf area and the diffusion model of gas release were established. Then,the gas release source parameters of goaf were estimated using the Mixed Kalman Particle Filter algorithm ( MKPF) , and the coordinate of the estimated parameters was obtained according to the iterative operation. Finally, the data of wireless sensor target source sensing nodes and cluster head nodes were fused to locate the accurate coordinate of the gas release source. The research concludes that the MKPF algorithm has obvious advantages in accuracy localization, which can effectively overcome the difficulty of gas release source localization impacted by wind leakage. It can provide support for gas warning and gas drainage in goaf. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Windows are important elements of building facade. Therefore，window extraction is of significant value to building structural analysis and facade reconstruction. With respect to the inner structural feature and the distribution regularity among windows， this paper proposed a window extract method based on automatic sample selection and distribution regularity constraint. Firstly，sample selection was performed by a template matching method to select a number of window samples， both the positive and the negative， from one selected window sample. Secondly， JointBoost classifier， trained by the window samples，was employed to achieve preliminary window extraction. Then，windows distribution regularity model，which includes horizontal direction，vertical direction, point of interest and similarity，was defined and reconstructed using the preliminary window extraction. Finally， the final window extraction result was achieved by optimizing preliminary window extraction result on the constraint of distribution regularity model. The experiments proved that the proposed method has high extraction ratio and accurate ratio on images with complicated background， complex window structure and perspective distortion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zebra Crossings have played an important role in public traffic safety, so the reconstruction of zebra crossings is very helpful for reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents. An automatic approach using high-resolution aerial images for zebra crossing extraction and reconstruction is proposed in this paper. In the approach, zebra crossings are extracted by Joint Boost classifier based on GLCM (Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix) features and 2D Gabor Features. A geometric parameter model based on spatial repeatability relationships is globally fitted to reconstruct the geometric shapes of zebra crossings. Representative experiments under interfered conditions such as zebra crossings covered by pedestrians, shadows and color fading were conducted to verify the validity of the proposed method in both the extraction and reconstruction of zebra crossings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fagopyrum tatari-cymosum is a semi-perennial new buckwheat type developped from the hybridization between F. tataricum and F. cymosum. To explore the genetic laws of agronomic and quality traits of F. tatari-cymosum, 26 lines of F. tatari-cymosum were selected as materials, and their quality traits and agronomic traits were analyzed by variance analysis, correlation analysis and cluster analysis. The results were as follows: (1) The variation coefficient for quality traits of F. tatari-cymosum was gliadin content ＞ glutenin content ＞ flavonoids content ＞ total protein content ＞ globulin content ＞ albumin content＞starch content. (2) The variation coefficient for agronomic traits of F. tatari-cymosum was branch number of main stems ＞ node number within 20 cm of the bases ＞ main stem diameter ＞ grain area ＞ 1 000-grain weight ＞ node number of main stems ＞ plant height ＞ grain length to width ratio ＞ grain width ＞ grain length ＞ shell rate ＞ grain perimeter ＞ grain diameter. (3) In the correlation analysis, the flavonoid content was significantly positively correlated with albumin content; the gliadin content was significantly or extremely significantly positively correlated with the main stems diameter, the node number of main stems, the node number within 20 cm of the bases, and significantly or extremely significantly negatively correlated with the 1 000-grain weight, grain area, grain perimeter, grain width, and grain diameter; the starch content was positively correlated with grain area, grain length and grain diameter. (4) By cluster analysis, 26 F. tatari-cymosum lines were divided into three groups. Group I belonged to high starch, short stem, multi branched, low shell rate, large long grain lines, which could be used as parent material for breeding purposes of high starch and low shell rate; Group Ⅱ belonged to high protein, high stem, thick, small grain type lines, which could be used as a material for breeding purposes of high protein and strong stress resistance; Group Ⅲ belonged to high quality, high yield, large grain type lines. The results provide theoretical references for the breeding of F. tatari-cymosum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mine intelligent monitoring is an important guarantee for the realization of automatic mining and visual operation in few people or unmanned working face. To address the problems of low resolution in the existing captured videos, the image blur with noise and long processing time by using the conventional methods of Nyquist sampling and image compressing for mine monitoring images in the mine environment where the images are easy to be influenced by the noise and spray dust, on the basis of the compressed sensing and sparse reconstruction theory, a novel monitoring images improved algorithm based on sparsity adaptive matching pursuit (SAMP) is proposed. Firstly, by establishing the model of the block compressed sensing in images, the proposed method adopts sparse random measurement matrix to compress sensing block images and to obtain observations. Then, DFT as sparse basis for signal sparse representation is used. Finally, an improved adaptive matching pursuit algorithm is employed to decode the images. The results indicate that the method proposed in this paper shows the superiority in comparing with other algorithms, effectively improves the speed of image acquisition and compression, and enhances decoding quality in the reconstruction process, as well as has a strong anti-noise performance and robustness. This method is helpful to improve the image definition and real-time processing performance for mine monitoring system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existing mine networks do not have a high disaster recovery capability because most of them ignore reliability design, or critical fault caused by conventional mine communication networks. A survivability model for the mine EPON was built considering the effect of network link redundancy on mine network reliability, and the tree, bus and ring network redundant structures in the mine EPON was proposed based on the model. Thus, an algorithm to evaluate the survivability of above structures was derived. Several numerical experiments demonstrate that the survivability of the mine EPON is related to the disaster intensity, network coverage and structure, which becomes worse with the greater intensity of disaster and network coverage. On the condition of the same intensity of disaster and coverage area, the reliability of redundant structure is better than that of no-redundant structure. Also, at the same network coverage of the mine EPON, the survivability of the dual-bus structure is better than that of the dual-ring and tree-shaped redundant structure. The network survivability of dual-ring structure is better than that of the tree-shaped redundant structure. These conclusions can be used to forecast and evaluate the reliability of digital mine communication network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the main technology to reduce the risk of casualties in helicopter crash, airbag can effectively reduce the secondary injuries of pilots in the process of crash, but there are few researches on this technology in China. A certain type of helicopter was taken as the research object, and the matching design of airbag folding and restraint system was carried out according to the requirements of automobile crash test, and the finite element simulation model of cockpit complete machine was established. The effectiveness of the model was verified by airbag static initiation test and helicopter complete machine drop crash test. The main structural optimization parameters were determined by sensitivity analysis, and four-factor and four-level orthogonal tests were designed to optimize the constraint system. The results show that the comprehensive damage value (WIC) of pilots is reduced by 8. 91%, and the protective effect of pilots is improved, which provides the research basis for the passive safety field of helicopters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the utilization of fluid media to generate power with hot dry rock（HDR）, the rock layers with different temperature gradients generally produce alternating temperature changes. Therefore, studying the permeability of rocks under the effects of cyclic high temperature conditions can help enhance its utilization efficiency. By experimentally exploring granite’s gas permeability under the effect of cyclic high temperature cooling（HTC, carried out at 400 ℃ and 600 ℃）, the influences of factors such as temperature, number of cycles, cooling methods and confining pressures on fluid transmission within granite were discussed, on which basis the evolutionary pattern of granite’s gas permeability under cyclic HTC was analyzed from different perspectives. The results show that as the number of cycles and temperature increased, the deterioration experienced by the rock specimens also become significant. Moreover, it is also found that the deterioration levels caused by high temperature quenching are serious higher than cooling by radiation. Rock damage peaks in severity after the first round of HTC, with mass loss taking up about half of the total mass loss after 6 cycles. Furthermore, the apparent permeability of the rock specimens also increases by two orders of magnitude (from 10-18 m~2 to 10-16 m²) after 2 cycles. At the 4th and 6th cycles, the growth of apparent permeability slows down under high temperature quenching, but changes are negligible when cooled by radiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classification is one of the basic tasks in data mining,and feature representation and similarity measurement act as the important basis of time series data mining.The symbolic aggregate approximation(SAX)is a typical symbolic representation method which is straight-forward and very simple,and which can efficiently converts time series data to a symbolic representation with dimensionality/noise reduction.But the potential of information loss can affect the accuracy of the classification results.Focusing on the SAX discretization method coupled with the bag of patterns(BOP)representation in classification task,we propose a multi-phased approach framework using the AdaBoost algorithm and voting in ensemble learning to remedy the information loss of the SAX representation.Experimental results show that the proposed method can improve classification accuracy greatly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Local records is an important type of history section in the Six Dynasties. With numerous quantity and various types, it plays an important role in the history of chorography. Most local records disappeared in the Song and Yuan dynasties. Liu Zhiji first studied local records of the Six Dynasties in Shi Tong( 史通) in the Tang Dynasty. Tao Zongyi in the Yuan Dynasty systematically collected the scattering records in Shuo Fu( 說郛). The collection and study about the records has not stopped since the Qing Dynasty and is flourishing recently. The collection created a solid foundation for present research which relates to the origin, name and nature of local records, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper present a power lines automatic extraction method from airborne LiDAR point cloud. Firstly, ground points are removed by automatic filtering method based on fluctuant feature of terrain. Vegetation points, building points and part pylon points are also removed by dimensionality feature and direction feature. Secondly, 2D Hough transform and least square fitting are used to fit center line equation of power lines. And then, the laser point of each power lines can be obtained by center line equation. In this step, power lines projection overlap in the horizontal plane are considered as well. Finally, block centroid calculation method is used to calculate 3D nodes of each power lines. These nodes are used to output the power lines vector. The experimental result shows that the proposed method can extract complete power lines from airborne LiDAR point cloud. This method has some practical meaning for power line inspection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

目的　探讨1例RNU4ATAC基因突变导致小头骨发育不良原始侏儒症I型综合征的临床特征、基因突变 特点。方法　回顾性分析 1例 RNU4ATAC基因新生突变导致小头骨发育不良原始侏儒症 I型综合征的临床资料， 总结其临床表型，对基因突变特点进行分析，并复习相关文献。结果　先证者为男童，1 月 27 天，系“发热、咳嗽 2 天，呻吟半天”就诊，头围31 cm，小头畸形，小颌畸形，耳位低平，皮肤干燥，毛发稀疏，双眼突出，对受检者家系临床 全外显子组及毗邻剪接区域进行基因变异分析，发现受检者携带编码小核RNA (snRNA) 基因RNU4ATAC上的2个 杂合变异，即 M1：n. 51G>A 和 M2：n. 55G>A。测序结果显示这两个变异分别遗传自母亲和父亲，构成复合杂合变 异，结合患儿临床表现及二代测序结果，最后确诊为小头骨发育不良原始侏儒症Ⅰ型。未予特殊治疗，但随访未再 出现病情加重现象。结论 RNU4ATAC基因突变可导致小头骨发育不良原始侏儒症Ⅰ型，预后不良，目前暂无有 效治疗方案，基因检查可以早期诊断并评估风险。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Both Cheng Zhangchan's History of Fu in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties and Wang Lin's History of Fu in Six Dynasties are great works of studying the history of Fu in Wei, Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties. Cheng's book focuses the categorization analysis, while Wang's book is good at the analysis of the writers and works. The two books are different in narrative perspective, narrative methods and writing style. Nevertheless, they are much similarities such as the extensive academic perspective and objective history-writing attitude. Complementarily, these two books lay a foundation for us to understand the complete picture of Fu history in the Dynasties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]