Search

Introduction. Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer in women. The most reliable method to diagnose breast cancer is through mammography, combined with ultrasonography or magnetic resonance imaging. The treatment plan may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, hormone therapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy. Case report. The following is a case report of a 46-yearold woman who visited a physician in 2007 when she was planning her second pregnancy. She was 30 years old at the time. During a routine breast self-examination, she noticed a lump and was sent for an ultrasound examination where the tumor was confirmed. After diagnosis and preoperative preparation, she underwent breast-preserving surgery of the left breast, along with axilla dissection due to positive lymph nodes. Pathohistologic findings confirmed Carcinoma mixtus praecipue ductale G2 et partim mucinosum G2, while no metastatic changes were found in the axillary lymph nodes. The tumor's hormonal status was estrogen 1, progesterone 1, and HER2 2. The patient received six rounds of FAC chemotherapy followed by 16 rounds of trastuzumab. After starting on tamoxifen and using it until December 2009, she had to undergo the removal of her right ovary due to the discovery of numerous cysts. Several cysts were also found on the left ovary. Five years after her breast cancer surgery, the patient became pregnant and gave birth to a baby girl. She breastfed her for ten months from the breast that was not operated on. Conclusion. Breast cancer is a serious illness that can greatly affect the reproductive health of young women. It is essential to take into account the patient's desire to have children after treatment. Therefore, it is crucial to provide appropriate therapy and counseling.

Purpose: Based on considerable interest to enlarge the experimental database of radioresistant cells after their irradiation with helium ions, HTB140, MCF-7 and HTB177 human malignant cells are exposed to helium ion beams having different linear energy transfer (LET). Materials and methods: The cells are irradiated along the widened 62 MeV/u helium ion Bragg peak, providing LET of 4.9, 9.8, 23.4 and 36.8 keV/µm. Numerical simulations with the Geant4 toolkit are used for the experimental design. Cell survival is evaluated and compared with reference γ-rays. DNA double strand breaks are assessed via γ-H2AX foci. Results: With the increase of LET, surviving fractions at 2 Gy decrease, while RBE (2 Gy, γ) gradually increase. For HTB140 cells, above the dose of 4 Gy, a slight saturation of survival is observed while the increase of RBE (2 Gy, γ) remains unaffected. With the increase of LET the increase of γ-H2AX foci is revealed at 0.5 h after irradiation. There is no significant difference in the number of foci between the cell lines for the same LET. From 0.5 to 24 h, the number of foci drops reaching its residual level. For each time point, there are small differences in DNA DSB among the three cell lines. Conclusion: Analyses of data acquired for the three cell lines irradiated by helium ions, having different LET, reveal high elimination capacity and creation of a large number of DNA DSB with respect to γ-rays, and are between those reported for protons and carbon ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Throughout the 18th century, anarchy raged through the Ottoman Empire, the consequences of which directly affected Christian subjects, who felt growing property and legal insecurity. The Turkish central government almost did not exist. Although Porta repeatedly tried to curb anarchy and separatist movements with a series of firmans and berets, little was achieved in that regard. In the years after the Great Migration, the settlement of Arbanasi tribes from the mountainous areas of northern Albania began. Supported by the Ottoman authorities, in the following decades, the Arbanassis turned the central area of Old Serbia into a scene of feudal and tribal anarchy and bloody reckoning with the Serbian Orthodox population. Burdened with numerous taxes and levies, as well as reading, which was often imposed by force by Muslim masters, the Serbian population was increasingly materially declining. The difficult situation was further aggravated by numerous Kachak gangs, bashibozluk and janissaries, who systematically plundered the serbian christian population. The unbearability of such a difficult position will give rise in the first years of the 19th century to the desire for liberation from the centuries-old Turkish rule, which will be manifested in the outbreak of the First Serbian Uprising in 1804 in the Belgrade pashaluq.

Oxidative stress is one of the major mechanisms that underlies the damage of pancreatic β-cells and defects in insulin secretion in diabetes. As herbal preparations can alleviate oxidative stress through their redox-active secondary metabolites, in this study we investigated the cytoprotective effects of Centaurium erythraea extract (CEe) against H2O2- and SNP-induced oxidative/nitrosative stress in Rin-5F β-cells. The antioxidant activity of CEe and its effect on cell survival and insulin expression/secretion were evaluated. The CEe increased cell viability and ameliorated the disturbance of redox homeostasis in H2O2- and SNP-treated cells by decreasing DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and protein S-glutathionylation. The CEe restored GSH homeostasis in H2O2-treated β-cells and attenuated the SNP-induced disturbance of the GSH/ GSSG ratio. The H2O2- and SNP-induced disruption of CAT, GPx, GR, MnSOD and CuZnSOD activities was adjusted by the CEe towards control values, as well as mRNA and protein levels of GPx, MnSOD and CAT. The CEe increased insulin expression/secretion particularly in H2O2-treated β-cells, which was in accordance with the more pronounced antioxidant effect of the CEe observed in H2O2-treated β-cells as compared to SNP-treated cells. These findings support the beneficial effect of the CEe in preventing or slowing down β-cell damage and dysfunction caused by oxidative/nitrosative stress during diabetes development. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 173020]

Previously, we described the link between C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (Cxcl12) gene induction and DNA hypomethylation in the absence of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP-1). We have now firmly established that demethylation is the primary cause of gene induction on the basis of Cxcl12 gene upregulation upon treatment with the demethylating agent 5-azacytidine (5-aza). Since the demethylation state of Cxcl12 is favored by PARP-1 absence, we investigated the presence of ten-eleven translocation (TET) proteins on the Cxcl12 promoter in order to corroborate the relationship between the demethylation process and increased gene expression that occurs in the absence of PARP-1. Analysis was performed on the promoter region within CpG islands of Cxcl12 from control mouse embryonic fibroblasts (NIH3T3) and PARP-1 knock-out mouse embryonic fibroblasts (PARP1-/-). The lack of PARP-1 increased the abundance of TET2 on the Cxcl12 promoter, suggesting that TET-mediated demethylation provoked by the absence of PARP-1 could account for the observed increased expression of this chemokine. Deciphering the regulation of DNA (de)methylation factors that control Cxcl12 expression may provide an additional therapeutic approach in pharmacological interventions where gene switching on or off based on targeted stimulation or inhibition is necessary. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 173020]

We examined whether CXCL12α improves insulin secretion by influencing the Ca2+ oscillation pattern and Ca2+ influx ([Ca2+]i), thereby enhancing the viability of pancreatic islet cells in oxidative stress. The islets of Langerhans were isolated from male OF1 mice and pretreated with 40 ng/mL of CXCL12α prior to exposure to 7.5 μM hydrogen peroxide, which served to induce oxidative stress. Incubation of islets with CXCL12α induced pancreatic β-cell proliferation and improved the ability of β-cells to withstand oxidative stress. Consecutive treatments of isolated islets with hydrogen peroxide caused a decline in β-cell functioning over time, while the CXCL12α pretreatment of islets exhibited a physiological response to high glucose that was comparable to control islets. The attenuated response of islets to a high D-glucose challenge was observed as a partial to complete abolishment of [Ca2+]i. Treatments with increasing concentrations of CXCL12α decreased the number of Ca2+ oscillations that lasted longer, thus pointing to an overall increase in [Ca2+]i, which was followed by increased insulin secretion. In addition, treatment of islets with CXCL12α enhanced the transcription rate for insulin and the CXCR4 gene, pointing to the importance of CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling in the regulation of Ca2+ intake and insulin secretion in pancreatic islet cells. We propose that a potential treatment with CXCL12α could help to remove preexisting glucotoxicity and associated temporary β-cell stunning that might be present at the time of diabetes diagnosis in vivo. [Project of the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Grant no. 173020]

A cradle-to-gate LCA analysis of a small belt conveyor was conducted. Manufacturing stage was analysed from the aspects of environmental impacts and energy consumption. The biggest environmental impact in majority of baseline impact categories is obtained from low-alloyed steel production and electricity consumption during the manufacturing stage, followed by impact of the transport. Ways for possible energy savings regarding manufacturing practice and technologies were proposed later on.

In this study, the electrical resistivity (ρ) and PTC effect of Er doped BaTiO3 ceramics are investigated. The concentrations of Er2O3 in the doped samples vary from 0.01 to 1.0 at% Er. The samples are prepared by the conventional solid state reaction, and sintered at 1320° and 1350°C in air atmosphere for 4 hours. The SEM analysis shows that all of measured samples are characterized by polygonal grains. The uniform and homogeneous microstructure with grain sizes from 20 to 45μm is the main characteristic of the low doped samples (0.01 and 0.1 at% Er). For the samples doped with the higher dopant concentration (0.5 and 1.0 at%) the average grains sizes have been ranged from 5 to 10 μm. The electrical resistivity is measured in the temperature range from 25°C to 170°C, at frequencies 1 kHz, 10 kHz and 100 kHz. The electrical resistivity values, measured at frequency of 1 kHz and room temperature, have been ranged from 1.62•104 Ωcm to 4.24∙104 Ωcm, for samples sintered at 1320°C and from 1.43•104 Ωcm to 1.94∙104 Ωcm, for samples sintered at 1350°C. A nearly flat and stable electrical resistivity-temperature response is characteristic for all samples at the temperature range from 25°C to 120°C. Above this temperature, the electrical resistivity increases rapidly. At 170°C the value of electrical resistivity is ranged 9.84•104 Ωcm -1.62•105 Ωcm, for Tsin=1320°C, and 6.11•104 Ωcm 1.32•105 Ωcm, for Tsin=1350°C. The electrical resistivity decreases with concentration increment up to 0.5 at%, while above 0.5 at% it increases. Also, with increasing frequency, ρ decreases for a few orders of magnitude. [172057: Directed synthesis, structure and properties of multifunctional materials]

In this paper, the microstructure and dielectric properties of Er-doped BaTiO3 ceramics were investigated. The concentrations of dopant, Er2O3, in the tested samples were ranged from 0.01 to 1.0at% Er. Conventional solid state reaction was used to obtain modified BaTiO3 ceramics. The samples were sintered at temperatures of 1320°, 1350° and 1380 °C for 4 hours. SEM analysis of Er/BaTiO3 doped ceramic showed, that samples doped with a smaller concentration of additive (0.01 and 0.1 at%) characterized a homogeneous microstructure with a grain size from 10 to 25 µm. For samples doped with a larger concentration of additives (0.5 and 1.0 at%) characteristic grain size ranged from 7 to 15 μm. Dielectric properties were measured in the frequency range of 20 Hz to 1 MHz at room temperature. Sample doped with Er 0.01 at%, and sintered at 1380 °C is characterized with a relatively high value of dielectric constant (ɛr=947) at room temperature. For samples doped with the same concentration of Er and sintered at 1320 °C temperature characteristic is a lower value of the dielectric constant (ɛr=551). With the increase of sintering temperature, the dielectric constant of the samples increased, and the highest value were measured for samples sintered at 1380 °C. Also, for all investigated samples were measured resistivity and the highest values of electrical resistivity was obtained for samples sintered at temperatures of 1320 °C.

The Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary clays at Højerup and Woodside Creek show anomalous enrichments of iridium compared with the marine sedimentary rocks. For the average iridium content of 465 ppb in CI chondrite the estimate of the carbonaceous chondritic proportions in the decarbonated iridium-rich boundary layers, based on the integrated iridium fluencies, is about 26% at Højerup and 65% at Woodside Creek. These proportions are most likely too high due to a significant Ir influx from the nearby marine or continental site to these sections.

(ruski) V 'Dnevnike o poëzii' preobladajut pohval'nye besedy ,kotorye po svoej suti javljajutsja immanentnym žanrom literaturnoj kritiki. Vnutri problematiki literaturnoj kritiki, ëstetiki i šire, kritiki kak nauki, oni otkryvajut 'problemy meždu sub''ektivnym vossprijatiem rassuždenij i vkusov,kotorye pred''javljajut pretenzii na ob''ektivnoe suščestvovanie i v to že vremja svjazany s otdel'nym proizvedeniem'. Raičkoviča harakterizuet uravnovešennyj i bespristrastnyj pohod k rešeniju ëtih problem. Kak vsegda, on ostavalsja samim soboj. Perevodja poëziju inostrannyh poëtov, on primenil tot že metod v ih ocenke i portretizacii.Dnevnik poëzii javljaetsja pervoj čast'ju 'vodjanoj pečati' pisatelja. Vtoruju čast' sostavljajut 'Portrety' poëtov i kritikov inostrannyh pisatelej. V oboih slučajah Raičkovič vystupaet velikim kritikom-posrednikom.

Geochemical analyses of Zn, Pb and rare earth elements (La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Yb and Lu) in the kerogen of the black marl at the Cretaceous - Paleogene boundary Fish Clay at Højerup were performed. Substantial proportions of the Zn, Pb and rare earths were probably contained in terrestrial humic substances (the kerogen precursor) arriving at the marine sedimentary site. This is in accord with a previous hypothesis that kerogen is mainly derived from humic acids of an oxic soil in of the adjacent coastal areas of eastern Denmark. It is also suggested that humics enriched in Zn, Pb and rare earth elements were transported mainly through fluvial transport into the deposition site of the Fish Clay. Local weathering/leaching of the impact-eject fallout on the land surface and local terrestrial rocks by impact-induced? acid surface waters perhaps played an important role in providing Zn, Pb and rare earths to these humic substances. Apparently, chondritic and non-chondritic Zn originated from the impact fallout; Pb and rare earth elements were most likely sourced by exposed rocks in the coastal areas of eastern Denmark.