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The essay considers the key aims of the Budd Report of the Gambling Review Body published in 2001 as part of an effort by the British government to consider policy objectives for the operation of licensed gambling. Topics covered include the report's recommendations that were directed towards protecting children and other vulnerable persons from being harmed or exploited by gambling, and the report's contribution to the creation of future regulatory problems and political controversies.

A dozen or more regulatory frameworks have been proposed for legal cannabis but many of the "not-for-profit" options have yet to be developed in any detail, reducing the likelihood they will be seriously considered by policy makers. New Zealand's innovative "not-for-profit" regulatory regime for gaming machine gambling (i.e. "slot machines") has reversed the previous increase in gambling expenditure, empowered local councils to cap the number of gambling venues, and is unique in requiring the societies operating gaming machines to distribution 40% of the gross expenditure from machines (i.e. $NZ 262 million in 2015) to community purposes (e.g. sports). However, the regime has been criticised for not addressing the concentration of gaming outlets in poorer communities, and not requiring grants to be allocated in the disadvantaged communities where outlets are located. There have also been cases of gaming societies providing community grants in exchange for direct or indirect benefits. In this paper we adapt this regulatory approach to a legal cannabis market. Under the proposed regime, licensed "not-for-profit" cannabis societies will be required to distribute 20% of cannabis sales to drug treatment and 20% to community purposes, including drug prevention. Grants must be allocated in the regions where cannabis sales are made and grant committees must be independent from cannabis societies. A 20% levy will be used to cover the wider health costs of cannabis use. A further 10% levy will be used to fund the regulator and evaluate the new regime. Local councils will have the power to decide how many, and where, cannabis retail outlets are located. Other important elements include a minimum price for cannabis, effective taxation of cannabis products, regulating CBD in cannabis products, higher taxation of traditional smoking products, advertising restricted to place-of-sale, no internet sales, and restrictions on industry involvement in regulation making and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article analysis the looming collision of Daily Fantasy Sports (DFS) and tribal gaming in the U.S. Topics discussed include historical background and eventual rise of daily fantasy sports; Class III gaming under Indian Gaming Regulation Act (IGRA); and potential impact of DFS industry on tribal gaming.

On November 27, 2001, the Supreme Court ruled in Chickasaw v. United States that Native American gaming (NAG) firms are subject to federal excise and occupational taxes. Prior to the decision, these firms had been exempt from all federal taxation. We hypothesize that Chickasaw improves the competitive position of publicly traded gaming firms and their suppliers by leveling the playing field for publicly traded firms. Consistent with this argument, we find that the stock prices of publicly traded gaming firms and their suppliers reacted positively to the announcement of the Chickasaw Supreme Court and Tenth Circuit decisions. We also hypothesize that Nevada casinos are relatively insulated from competition because they offer a unique experience that is not easily replicated by NAG firms. Consistent with this argument, we find smaller stock price reactions for firms with Nevada operations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author comments on the efforts to regulate the daily fantasy sports websites in the U.S., as of August 2016. Topics include reactions of U.S. sports to the fantasy sports websites with legislations; a brief history of gambling in the U.S. and emergence of daily fantasy sports; current federal legal framework for daily fantasy sports websites; lack of proper regulation on the industry; existing state laws on the sport websites; and the legal and regulatory issues related to the sports.

The article discusses the court case Berlington Hungary Tanácsadó és Szolgáltató kft, Lixus Szerencsejóték Szervezo? kft, Lixus Projekt Szerencsejáték Szervezo? kft, Lixus Invest Szerencsejáték Szervezo? kft, Megapolis Terminal Szolgáltató kft v. Magyar Állam (Hungarian State) which deals with gambling. It discusses the conformity of gambling regulation with the European Union (EU) law and the operation of slot machines.

The regulation of commercial gambling in Great Britain is the responsibility of the Gambling Commission, the regulatory agency created by the Gambling Act 2005. This article examines the risk model that it has developed in order to assess operator risks to the Act's licensing objectives. These are to prevent gambling from becoming a source of crime, to ensure that gambling is fair and open, and to protect children and other vulnerable people from being harmed or exploited by gambling. The article discusses four factors that affect the implementation of this model: operator compliance, the regulatory environment, the regulatory toolkit and the Commission's approach to its regulatory responsibilities. Its regulatory ideology sits squarely within the neo-liberal mode of regulation that has been pursued in Great Britain since the 1980s. By reference to political and public disquiet concerning gaming machines, the article analyses the tensions between the state, the regulator, the gambling industry and its consumers to which this mode of regulation gives rise. The article examines the challenges that the Commission faces in seeking to adopt a regulatory stance that is defensible both in terms of the protection of the public and the demands of a liberal market economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a checklist that can be used by gabling firms in the U.S to check the gaming jurisdiction need to be considered while adopting gaming laws and regulations. It lists several such questions including what is the age for playing games, hours of operation and tax policy related to gaming gross revenue.

Tribally owned gaming facilities have become an increasingly popular vehicle for economic development throughout Indian Country. As an incidental consequence of this industry's growth, many non-tribal members now come into contact with tribal-gaming enterprises as either customers or employees. Consequently, tribal gaming establishments have become a vital nexus in battles over what tribal sovereignty should entail in a modern social and economic context. Indeed, the legal framework surrounding these entities highlights a central tension within our modern-day federal Indian law regime-one that often forces tribal governments to choose between maintaining absolute sovereign self-governance on the one hand, and providing modes of economic development, such as gaming, on the other. Both state and federal authorities play a role in the often complex regulatory structure around labor relations at tribal-gaming facilities. This means that non-tribal members may take labor and employment disputes outside of tribal laws and courts-a situation that tribes regard as an incursion upon tribal sovereignty. Nonetheless, labor advocates argue that the opposite situation would give tribal employers little incentive to give fair, adequate protections to their workers. This Comment seeks to address the tension between tribal sovereignty and worker ' rights by proposing a positive approach. In concrete terms, this approach seeks to funnel labor and employment disputes through tribal courts by strengthening tribal labor and employment laws and alternative dispute resolution systems. The positive approach represents a third way to tribal sovereignty- where tribes, much like other nation-states facing the perils of globalization, can navigate global and local power networks from a position of strength rather than remain outside of them. The positive approach can also benefit workers by creating a strong internal tribal authority to protect labor and employment rights and by fostering opportunities for tribes to settle disputes through traditional or culturally based dispute resolution practices. This approach is in stark contrast to the decidedly anti-worker positions that some tribes have recently adopted by passing right-to-work laws and waging court battles against unfavorable shifts in the law. While the positive approach has the significant drawback of curbing some traditional elements of tribal sovereignty, its chief strength is its pragmatism, in that it works within, rather than against, recent shifts in federal Indian law jurisprudence. The approach can also provide a blueprint for economic development and tribal self-governance that can successfully coexist. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose -- In the present epoch, when the witch hunt for victimless criminals continues apace and even increases, it is all the more important to protect our liberties. One of the purposes of the present paper is to do so with regard to gambling. Design/methodology/approach -- We use logical arguments (reductios ad absurdum) and empirical case studies to make the case that online or any other kind of gambling in general, and poker in particular, are justified uses of our freedoms. Findings -- We find that although poker, whether online or in any other format is under attack by the powers that be, the case for such initiatives is a weak one. Originality/value -- The value of this essay is to focus attention on yet another one of our liberties that is in grave danger of being obliterated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the application process of gaming license in a gaming jurisdiction and things that applicants of a gaming licenses need to do and things that they should not do. Topics discussed include preparations for the bid response, confidential information in bid package and licensing/suitability requirements under gaming jurisdiction's licensing regime as well as first impression. Also mentioned is Executive Development Program on global gaming industry held in Lake Tahoe, Nevada.

The article provides an overview of tip-pooling in the gambling industry using the Nevada cas law regarding this practice. Topics include a background information on the Nevada State Gaming Control Board (GCB) and Nevada Gaming Commission, policy arguments for creating stricter regulations on tip-pooling in casinos and the need for enforcing these regulations. Also discussed is how tipping works at table games.

The article focuses on the measures taken by the U.S. casinos and card clubs for the compliance with Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) regulations for customers or targeted countries. Topics discussed include role of the OFAC in the enforcement of the economic and trade sanctions, laws and legislations made for the regulation of gambling business of casinos and establishment of the Office of Foreign Funds Control (FFC) under the Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917.

This study was designed to explore the nature of informal or illegal gambling in South African townships, to investigate what motivates people to participate in this form of gambling and what they perceive are the associated benefits and dis-benefits. A series of focus group workshops was conducted with two groups of gamblers, all of whom had experience of some form of township gambling: one group currently lived in townships and the other had previously resided in townships. Gambling for the township residents was a far more frequent activity than for non-township residents and consumed substantially more of their time. The majority of the township residents classified themselves as unemployed, while of those who were unemployed, most people indicated that gambling was a major source of their income; some even described it as their only source of income. The most significant difference between what township and non-township residents expressed as wanting and getting from gambling was that the former indicated quite clearly and unanimously that what they sought and gained from gambling was money. Township residents were far more likely to indicate that they used gambling to balance their budgets than ex-township residents who gambled primarily at casinos. A lottery type game called “Fahfee” is the most widely spread and pervasive form of gambling and was unanimously portrayed as a necessary and beneficial form of support for the poor and unemployed. Lottery and Casino gambling were, in contrast, widely perceived by the township participants as being ‘rigged’ and unfair. Township Dice and cards were perceived as being ‘fairer’ and as allowing punters to be more in control than casino gambling. The downside of township gambling was reported to be high levels of violence, crime and insecurity surrounding, in particular, the game of Dice. There was widespread inability to calculate expected payoffs or odds, and an apparent belief that these were not particularly helpful skills for gamblers. In Fahfee, the reliance on dreams to guide choice of numbers appears to eradicate any interest in the odds, or of playing strategically. The findings of this study are preliminary but have serious policy implications for education and for gambling regulation in South Africa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the evolution, history, and development of the organized crime including the gambling in the U.S. It analyzes the history of the National Museum of Organized Crime and Law Enforcement better known as the Mob Museum, located in Downtown Las Vegas, Nevada, which is responsible for the preservation of the history of gambling and the gaming industry in the U.S. It also discusses the history of organized crime and law enforcement.

The article presents a research study on the survey over the development of a first gaming master's program for the U.S. graduates from the industry's point of view. It discusses creation of a specific research questionnaire including several questions from gaming industry related to gaming master's program and gaming industry professionals. It informs that these programs help to increase the revenue of the gaming industry alongwith the increment in the level of employment.

Information about several papers discussed at the 15th International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking held at the Caesars Palace, Las Vegas, Nevada, on May 27-31, 2013, co-hosted by both the Universities of Nevada in Reno and Las Vegas, Nevada, is presented. Topics include the study of commercial gambling, gambling regulations in Africa, and casino operations in Singapore in China. The conference featured several gambling professors including Bill Eadington, Bo Bernard, and David Schwartz.

This article surveys the application of normative tax theory to gambling tax policy. The analysis suggests that fixed license based taxes may be preferable to taxes on gross gaming revenue. Where output based taxes are used, the types of gambling whose demand is more price sensitive, and the types that have positive links to other industries, should be taxed at comparatively lower rates. Sin-based taxes are noted to increase economic welfare, but only when applied with a rate commensurate to harm that is external to the gambler and the operator. Finally, inter-jurisdictional competition is identified as an important consideration in tax policy and enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The free movement of services is a fundamental tenet of the European Union's Common Market. Gambling services' free movement, however, has long been obstructed by municipal gambling restrictions. One such restriction in place in Sweden authorized the prosecution of two newspaper editors for publishing advertisements of foreign-based online gambling operators. In the course of the editors' appeal from their conviction, the Swedish courts referred questions to the European Court of Justice regarding the compliance of Sweden's domestic restriction with European treaty provisions enshrining the free movement of services. The Court of Justice provided little guidance, however, when it addressed the dispositive question of proportionality; that is, whether Sweden's law went beyond the point needed to affect Sweden's legitimate underlying policy objectives. The court, in its deferent and cursory proportionality analysis, employed a standard ill-equipped to account for the effects national gambling restrictions have on the Common Market in the online age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on a statistical analysis of Norwegian newspapers, this paper explores the structure of power regulating the Norwegian gambling market. A basic assumption is that structures of power have to be identified before desirable changes of markets can be made. The analysis indicates that the press's view on gambling in the mid-2000s was split. Whereas governmental gambling services such as lotteries and bookmakers were seen from a market view in which gambling is seen as being like any other product on the market, non-governmental gambling services such as slot machines and online gambling services were seen from a medical point of view, which suggests that gambling is a dangerous source of addiction. The importance of this split should not be underestimated, as it legitimizes the state's gambling policy. To get a more complete picture of the structure of power regulating western gambling markets today, similar studies from other countries should be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Governments now recognise gambling as a social and public health issue that invites a collaborative approach to responsible gambling and help-seeking involving the gambling industry, gambling help agencies and the wider community. In this paper, we report on findings from interviews with 23 counsellors working in Queensland Gambling Help agencies in Australia based on their own and their clients' experiences of the processes and practices involved in help seeking in gaming venues. An aim of this study was to establish how venues interact with local gambling help agencies to provide assistance to patrons with gambling problems and the way that venue staff respond. It identified gaps in relevant staff skills and responsible gambling training, particularly the barriers to providing appropriate assistance to problem gamblers, and best practice examples. The barriers to seeking assistance included: patrons feeling shame; issues of confidentiality; and lack of awareness of help available at gaming venues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the problems associated with cyber gambling in the U.S. It notes that the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act (UIGEA) of the country has established an unnecessary burden on financial institutions and presented problems on enforceability and jurisdiction. It points out that the efforts of the federal government were ineffective and counter-productive. It suggests legislators to resort to a different direction to resolve the problem.

In this article the author discusses aspects on the change or creation of the gambling laws in four Asian countries such as Japan, Taiwan, China and Russia. He analyzes the legislative purpose of gambling laws in such countries, focusing on the goals of economic development, tourism and social stability. He believes that the determination to legalize gambling in Asian countries must be reached according to every country's legal, political, social and economic systems.

The article presents a reprint of the judgment of the Queen's Bench Division (administrative court) of Great Britain on the British Casino Association Ltd. v. Secretary of State for Culture, Media, and Sport. The suit sought to reverse the government's denial of an application to open a new casino. It was filed by the gambling industry's trade association, and was intended to challenge the validity of a 2005 Act of Parliament regulating casino operations, specifically those portions setting limits on their sizes and the number of gambling venues such as slot machines permitted each size of casino. Plaintiff argued that the law's distinction between new and existing casinos was an inconsistent application of law. The court noted that plaintiff did not make this case as a matter of fact. The Secretary of State was deemed responsible for enacting the law as stated by Parliament. The court found for the defendant.

The article examines the legal responsibilities the gambling industry and the governments which regulate it have for the losses suffered by gambling addicts and the costs of their treatment. A 2006 document filed by lawyers for the Ontario Problem Gambling Research Centre held that it was arguable that the industry and province had a "positive" duty to contribute to the care of problem gamblers. The article seeks to rebut those conclusions. They rest in large part on the established liability for sellers of alcoholic beverages for actions of problem drinkers they have served. The article notes that a physiological addiction to alcohol is easier to measure and document than a psychological one to gambling. It is almost impossible for gaming venues to calculate the losses of their patrons, let alone whether they represent real financial damage. The article concludes that a financial responsibility for the care of problem gamblers must be established by legislative action, not through the courts.

The article presents a reprint of the July 9, 2007 ruling of a British court of appeals in the case of Adelson and another v. Associated Newspapers Ltd. The plaintiffs appealed a lower court ruling that they were not entitled to join Sheldon Adelson, Chairman of the Board of Las Vegas Sands Corp. in a libel suit against Associated for a May, 28, 2005 article on the sale of the Manchester United soccer team to Malcolm Glazier. The plaintiffs claimed the right to substitute names on the grounds a mistake had been made in their original filing. The court advised the plaintiffs to seek individual remedies, and dismissed the appeal.

The article discusses the U.S. federal government's mandate on the Ontario government, its agency, Ontario Lottery and Gaming Corp., and the casinos and other gaming venues operating under its authority regarding its obligation at law to compensate problem gamblers or their dependents. The law stressed that the mentioned agencies and departments owe a positive duty of care to help the problem gamblers in certain circumstances. This law, on the other hand, will likely develop incrementally and on a case-to-case basis.

The article discusses the case of Efrain Santos and Benedicto Diaz against the people in the U.S. heard at the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and was decided on August 25, 2006. Both Santos and Diaz run an illegal lottery that landed them in federal prison on money laundering charges. Their money laundering convictions were premised on the word "proceeds," which is defined as the gross income of unlawful activity in the country's code for laundering of monetary instruments in 1956 .

The article analysis the evolution of jurisprudence of the Federal Circuit on the application of the doctrine of equivalents to patent claims written in the means plus function format in the U.S. The country's background of patent law relevant to statutory authorization for means plus function claims is described. In addition, it summarizes the analysis of the Federal Circuit of the proper application of the doctrine of equivalents to a means plus function claim.