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People with a sexual interest in children face significant barriers to seeking and receiving mental health treatment. This review aims to bridge the gap between the treatment needs and experiences of pedohebephiles, and the services aiming to support them. Reviewers screened 1705 database hits and extracted findings from 22 qualitative, 15 quantitative, and 3 mixed-method studies on the treatment needs and experiences of pedohebephiles. Research suggests that this population experiences significant levels of distress, depression, and anxiety related to their sexual interest. Many individuals belonging to this population would seek (median = 42.3%), or have sought (median = 46.5%), treatment to cope with their sexual interest or with potential related mental health repercussions. Their experiences in treatment have been mixed, with some reporting positive experiences with empathic therapists and others reporting rejection. Most frequently, pedohebephiles report fear of exposure and rejection as barriers to seeking treatment, in addition to fear of the legal repercussions. The current study is the first to summarize and discuss previous findings on the treatment needs and experiences of pedohebephiles. The findings indicate that the treatment needs of pedohebephiles often remain unaddressed. Suggestions to increase the fit between treatment services and the needs of pedohebephiles are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are few empirical studies examining sexological features of sexual interest in children among females. A non-representative sample of 20 females and 208 males who self-identified as having a sexual interest in children completed an anonymous survey. The primary purpose of the present study was to examine sexological features of sexual interest in children among females. Most females reported interest in prepubescent and pubescent children and rated their interest in different age categories similarly. Most females reported an interest in boys. Females first experienced sexual attractions during childhood, but awareness of sexual interest in children occurred later in their adolescence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper draws on an Irish government-commissioned study of parents' views about the sexualisation and commercialisation of children. We examine how parents understand 'sexualisation' qualitatively, through their evoking of past, present and future images of childhood. The data underlines how sexualisation becomes rationalised as something to protect against and control, not least through the restrictive surveillance of girls' development. But we use the concept of duration to analyse various, differing ways images childhood endure in parents' experience. This leads us to argue parents' relations to images of childhood complicate, rather than solely reproduce, discursive understandings of sexualisation as a unitary phenomenon threatening 'normal' child development. We contend that further mapping of the ways images of childhood endure in parents' experience may help refuse their impossible positioning as guardians of child innocence, and generate more complex forms of attention to sexualisation, which challenge gendered and heteronormative societal assumptions about children's development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An introduction to articles published within the issue is presented on topics including speech acts involved in initiating sex, consequences of the commercial surrogacy for women, and the sexed culture of children's bodies.

Parents of children with disorders of sex development (DSD) report significant psychological distress, including posttraumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), with mothers consistently reporting higher rates of psychological distress than fathers. However, psychological factors contributing to PTSS in both parents are not well understood. The present study sought to fill this gap in knowledge by examining PTSS and illness uncertainty, a known predictor of psychological distress, in parents of children recently diagnosed with DSD. Participants were 52 mothers (Mage = 32.55 years, SD = 5.08) and 41 fathers (Mage = 35.53 years, SD = 6.78) of 53 infants (Mage = 9.09 months, SD = 6.19) with DSD and associated atypical genital development. Participants were recruited as part of a larger, multisite study assessing parents' psychosocial response to their child's diagnosis of DSD. Parents completed measures of illness uncertainty and PTSS. Mothers reported significantly greater levels of PTSS, but not illness uncertainty, than fathers, and were more likely than fathers to report clinical levels of PTSS (21.2% compared to 7.3%). Hierarchical regression revealed that parent sex, undiagnosed or unclassified DSD status, and illness uncertainty were each associated with PTSS. The overall model accounted for 23.5% of the variance associated with PTSS. Interventions targeting illness uncertainty may be beneficial for parents of children with newly diagnosed DSD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public and academic concern about the sexualisation of children first emerged in the early 1980s in the US, and has been traced back to the early 1990s in the UK. By contrast, public concern about child sexualisation is relatively new in Irish public discourse. In 2013 in particular, a number of "flashpoint" events occurred in Ireland, prompting both political and media reactions, which set the dominant tone of Irish discourse on this issue. This article examines how the sexualisation of children has come to be specifically framed in Irish media coverage and political debate. It derives from the first ever government funded study on the sexualisation and commercialisation of children in Ireland, which was also conducted by the authors of this article. The section of the study that is addressed here involved a broad qualitative analysis of print media coverage of child sexualisation in the period 2011–2013 and Parliamentary discussions from the first mention of child sexualisation (1998) to the time of analysis (2013). This article thus revisits data collected for the report, and subjects it to further analysis We conclude that the current status of Irish public debate on this issue lacks clarity and complexity, and indicates an urgent need to respond to Duschinsky and Barker's call for a more sophisticated and nuanced discussion that eschews moral panic responses in favour of listening to the opinions and experiences of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This contribution focuses on the ways in which sexuality is negotiated in western societies today, ensuing from two cultural examples: In November 2017, within the context of the #MeToo campaign, a British mother urged for the banning of the fairy tale "Sleeping Beauty" from elementary school books, stating that it promotes "inappropriate" sexual behavior.The article headlined "Voll Porno" (All Porn), published 2007 in the weekly German magazine, stern, can be seen in the context of the so-called "pornographization". The piece laments that some children "no longer learn what love is".This contribution argues that both of these morally laden discourses "fail" themselves. Contrary to their own agenda, the way in which their content and messages are relayed appears to, in and of itself, actually perpetrate what they are negatively evaluating rather than exclude it: namely, a victimization or fetishization of endangered white innocence and a transgression of limits, respectively. In the context of subsequent theoretical considerations, some psychoanalytic reflections about sexuality's confusing, "transboundary" aspects are given. Here the question is: Isn't sexuality always a form of "failure"? Overall, shown through selected cultural productions, this contribution examines the central question: What is missing in today's cultural concepts of sexuality? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The article provides reassessment of morality, sexuality and desire in film "Kids." Topics discussed include ongoing obsession with children and sex, divisive issues of the period concerning youth culture and boundaries, depiction of normality, controversial elements in the film like young man prostituting his sister who has Down's syndrome.

Lost Girls (2006) is a return to the themes explored by Melinda Gebbie and other underground feminist cartoonists in the 1970s and 1980s. The text, a collaboration between Gebbie and Alan Moore, should be read as reminiscent of feminist cartoonists who intentionally depicted the taboo or obscene in order to address sexual and gender inequalities. These comics suggest that the obscene can push against purity narratives attached to womanhood, narratives that potentially stigmatize all girls and women. Lost Girls keeps the taboos of children's sexuality and incest central to the representation in order to reframe possibilities of women's healthy sexual subjectivity. Injurious pasts and irreconcilable desires do not preclude joyous futures. Painful pasts enable the eponymous lost girls' agency, creating the conditions that help them find homosocial and queer belonging with one another. The comic thus models the temporalities of surviving trauma. The feminist temporalities of survivorship here also model utopian futures that are homosocial, queer, often ecstatic, and resistant to normative scripts of what should give women comfort. Undergirded by a radical feminist perspective that sees injury as being embedded in many women's experiences, the creation of community from the wound makes it normal to have been broken. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sacred and secular aura of innocence around childhood is still nowadays well preserved, having a strong impact on social discourses of protection; care and education. Conjugated to this aura is the child developmental discourse; very crucial to psychology and education; which strives to thoroughly describe and characterise childhood as a "life stage"; in order to claim "truths" about subjects who live it and how they "must" live it. In this way; our proposal with this work is to question the discursive production of "innocent child"; in psychology and education fields; through a feminist perspective and the childhood studies. Therefore; we assume as principal question figures gender and sexuality as possibilities to construct different views on childhood by looking over the experiences; the knowledge and senses that children are sharing in their playing cultures. The scenes we bring up as supports to our reflections come from researches with children in pre-school municipal public institutions; in Rondonópolis; Mato Grosso; Brazil; conducted in the scope of Childhood; Youth and Contemporary Culture Research Group (GEIJC). The main questions we raise with gender and sexuality as markers; when we take them to the scholar context; are: (1) the children's place in their right of expressing their genders and sexualities in this context; (2) the possibility of these expressions to be recognized and have despatologised and viable existences in learning contexts; as well as their detachment from moral and excluding values; and (3) the possibility of recognition; by the school and cognitive politics produced in this context; of different trajectories of gender and sexual expressions in children. In summary; our inquiries are directed to question the developmental idea as a progress to a "must be" oriented by linearity and universality of gender and sexual expressions; which debouch intensely in pedagogical discourses in search of a phallocentric; masculinist; heteronormative; binary and bourgeois identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Children exposed to multiple stressors are more likely to be overweight, but little is known about the mechanisms explaining this association.Purpose: This cross-sectional study examined whether children exposed to multiple stressors had higher waist circumference, and whether this association was mediated through children's television time.Methods: Participants were 319 parent-child dyads. Children were 2-5 years old and had at least one overweight parent (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2). Data were collected at baseline of a larger childhood obesity prevention study and included information on psychosocial stressors (e.g., parenting stress), demographic stressors (e.g., low income), children's television time, and children's waist circumference. Two cumulative risk scores were created by summing stressors in each domain (demographic and psychosocial). Mediation and moderated mediation analyses were conducted.Results: Indirect effects of both cumulative risk scores on waist circumference through television time were not significant; however, moderated mediation analyses found significant moderation by gender. The indirect effects of both risk scores on waist circumference through television time were significant and positive for girls, but near-zero for boys.Conclusions: Reducing television time should be explored as a strategy for buffering against the negative health effects of exposure to multiple stressors among girls. Longitudinal and intervention research is needed to confirm these results and to identify mediating factors between cumulative risk and body weight among boys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An interview with filmmaker Deborah Kampmeier is presented. Topics include his inspiration behind dealing with ideas such as child sexuality in the film "Hounddog;" his views on his first film "Virgin" in which his protagonist Jessie is raped after being rendered unconscious at a teenage party and later found that she was pregnant; and information on screening of his film "SPLit."

Having been unavailable for many years, the Swedish film Rätten att älska ('The right to love') was restored by the Swedish Film Institute in 2013 and made accessible for research. In many ways a typical example of the sex education film genre of its time, the film is simultaneously unusual because it deals with children's sexuality. This article explores and discusses the representation of children in the film in relation to how it connects to issues of parenthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors respond to a comment on their research about pedophilia and the onset of sexual interest in children. Topics discussed include the first sexual attraction toward children, assessment of the age of onset (AOO) of sexual interest in children, comparing pedophilia to sexual orientation, developmental processes that happened before the onset of sexual interest in children and development of sexual orientation before or at the onset of puberty.

Television, like other forms of art and media, functions as a moral educator. In his Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle places great emphasis on the role of the moral tutor for guiding children in their moral development, and in his Politics and Poetics, he (as did his mentor Plato) argued that the arts importantly functioned as moral tutors. In this paper, I will present an Aristotelian analysis of the effects exposure to highly sexualized media (with an emphasis on television) can have on the character of children and adolescents, who are in vitally formative years when it comes to their sexuality. Particularly, I am concerned that our youth is being habituated into a kind of sexual ethic that is based on treating their sexual partners as mere means and objects to sexual pleasure, rather than as intrinsically valuable persons with whom one can uniquely share sexual experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Nachtraglichkeit has been translated into English as deferred action or afterwardness, and in French as apres-coup, literally after-blow. Freud used the word initially to describe how sexually charged encounters in childhood produce traumatic effects after the fact, when puberty ascribes new meanings to these memories. In this article, I consider a greatly expanded, radicalized view of nachtraglichkeit as encompassing any enactment or insight that generates an experience of retrospective disorganization. I consider both a traumatic, destructive dimension of nachtraglichkeit and an everyday, expansive dimension of nachtraglichkeit, such as emerges in the clinical situation, in which small-scale disorganizations and reorganizations of the past allow for an enlarged sense of self and world. In considering nachtraglichkeit from the everyday, developmental dimension, I consider how the phenomenon often emerges out of an expanded field of inquiry formed of two minds elaborating backwards around the experiences of one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In forensic research, there is a controversial discussion concerning the changeability or stability of pedophilia. Seto (2012) conceptualized pedophilia as a sexual age orientation characterized by an early onset, correlations with sexual and romantic behavior, and stability over time. However, empirical data are sparse and are mostly based on samples of detected offenders. The present study examined self-reported arousal to sexual fantasies involving children in a clinical sample of pedo-/hebephiles. In Study 1, retrospective self-reports on the age of onset and duration of sexual interest in minors were examined. In Study 2, the stability and variability of self-reported arousal to sexual fantasies involving children were evaluated prospectively. Non-prosecuted self-identifying pedo-/hebephilic men seeking professional help were recruited within the Berlin Prevention Project Dunkelfeld. Between 2005 and 2013, 494 participants completed the intake assessment. Self-reported data were collected via questionnaire focusing on sexual arousal to fantasies during masturbation involving prepubescent and/or early pubescent minors. Subsequent assessments of sexual arousal were obtained for 121 of the participants. The average time between the first and last assessment was approximately 29 months. Spearman's correlation coefficients examined the between-group rank-order and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests examined the within-individual mean-level stability. The majority of subjects reported an early onset of their pedo-/hebephilic sexual arousal. The rank-order stability was medium to high. Over the investigated period, the majority of subjects showed no or only minimal decrease or increase of self-reported sexual arousal. These results suggested that sexual arousal to fantasies involving prepubescent and/or early pubescent children is stable. Furthermore, the results support the conceptualization of pedo-/hebephilia as a sexual age orientation in men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article is a philosophical analysis of the meaning structure of two competing conceptions of marriage with regard to children's right to develop their sexual identity. These two conceptions of marriage make different metaphysical assumptions about human nature, which lead to different conceptions about the preconditions of children's sexual development. The gender diverse conception assumes that human beings are born with a biological sex and they can be integrated persons only when living in terms with it. In order to develop their sexual identity they benefit from male-female interaction within the nuclear family. The genderless conception assumes that children are free to construct their sexual identity according to their inner experience and the main precondition for such an authentic development is an environment free of sexual stereotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that the production of sexual subjects is inextricably bound to language, theorists Lee Edelman and Jasbir Puar investigate the imbrication of the sexual subject in discourses of the Child (Edelman 2004) and the nation-state (Puar 2007). Through an interdisciplinary lens, this essay builds on their conceptual frameworks in its examination of homoerotics and the figure of the Child in Cuban cultural production. Of interest is how peripheral verbal and visual language challenge discourses that fold the sexual subject and the Child into the good of the nation and the coherence of the social order. In Edelman’s argument (2004: 3), the Child and queerness are held apart: the Child is bound to futurity given that the “political order […] returns to the Child as the image of the future it intends” and queerness figures “the place of the social order’s death drive.” The queer poetics of the peripheral language examined in this essay revise the trajectory of Child to “true man,” creating new space for movement of the queer subject and the Child in the political field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essay contributes to the broader historiographical debate about identifying European perceptions of childhood innocence. Venetians applied the notion of sexual innocence to both children and adolescents well before the eighteenth century. Through an analysis of criminal investigations from the repositories of the Executors of the Bestemmia and the Council of Forty during the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries, the essay illustrates the ways in which Venetian authorities, parish priests, and members of the city's neighborhood communities attempted to shelter youth from exposure to adult sexual behavior. Within the spheres of public and clandestine prostitution, the intimacy of the domestic hearth, and the neighborhood streets, judicial authorities, relying on the testimonies of eye witnesses, removed youth in danger from their homes and places of work, punishing prostitutes, exploitative parents, and sexual predators. While formal laws defined minority and majority age and cognizance of right and wrong in gendered terms, ordinary Venetians were more casual about age than legal theorists and expressed a strong aversion toward the sexual perils surrounding youth of both sexes from their childhood years to well into their teens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual communication is a principal means of transmitting sexual values, expectations, and knowledge from parents to their children and adolescents. Many parents seek information and guidance to support talking with their children about sex and sexuality. Parent education materials can deliver this guidance but must use appropriate readability levels to facilitate comprehension and motivation. This study appraised the readability of educational materials to support parent sexual communication with their children. Fifty brochures, pamphlets, and booklets were analyzed using the Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook (SMOG) index methods. Mean readability grade-level scores were 8.3 (range = 4.5–12.8), 9.7 (range = 5.5–14.9), and 10.1 (range = 6.7–13.9), respectively. Informed by National Institutes of Health–recommended 6th to 7th grade levels and American Medical Association–recommended 5th to 6th grade levels, percentages falling at or below the 7.0 grade level were calculated as 38%, 12%, and 2% and those falling at or below the 6.0 grade level were calculated as 12%, 2%, and 0% based on the Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, and SMOG methods, respectively. These analyses indicate that the majority of educational materials available online to support parents’ communication with their children about sex and sexuality do not meet the needs of many or most parents. Efforts to improve the accessibility of these materials are warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study assesses the interactions between sex, socioeconomic level, and children's cognitive performance. Cognitive performance was measured for a sample of 453 Portuguese children, aged between 4 and 10 years, with 218 boys and 235 girls; verbal and nonverbal cognitive ability and intelligence quotient were measured by the Cognitive Skills Scale for Children. Multivariate analysis of variance assessed the effects of sex and family's socioeconomic level on intelligence quotient. A statistically significant interaction between sex and socioeconomic level was observed for nonverbal intelligence quotient, total intelligence quotient, and two subtests. Socioeconomic level had more influence than sex on most of the cognitive tests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Technological advancements always precipitate social anxiety and new modes of legal regulation. The ubiquity of cellular phones and Internet access has brought about myriad social and political changes including significant increases in the ability to express and act on sexual interests. Sexting, i.e., the production and dissemination of sexually explicit images by children and young adults, has become a vexing issue for parents and school administrators, legislatures and courts. Three legal cases from the United States illustrate the de-constitutive possibilities of such judicial discourse. These cases illuminate the paradoxes and forms of forgetting that are required to maintain a particular conception of childhood. This analysis shows how stereotypes about gender, sexual agency, and sexual orientation are marshaled in the service of beliefs about children's sexual innocence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates how adults respond to sexual behavior among children in child care. Culturally, childhood sexuality is variously understood as natural curiosity, a sign of sexual abuse, or a symptom of a sex-offender in the making. Given these competing cultural meanings, how are sexual-like behaviors by children managed by the adults who care for them? An analysis of qualitative data from Special Investigation Reports by childcare licensing consultants in the state of Michigan is used to examine how parents, child care providers, and child care licensing consultants manage and respond to sexual behavior between children in the context of child care. How sexual behavior is responded to depends primarily on who is doing the responding – parent, childcare provider, or state licensing consultant – rather than what type of behavior is being responded to. Parents respond to a wide range of behaviors between children as if they are incidents of sexual abuse. Childcare providers respond to many of those same incidents as misbehavior. Licensing consultants understand these incidents as violation of rules of supervision, but they were also the only group to ever ask if children's sexual behavior was potentially a sign of a child having been sexually abused in another setting. Providers and parents need more education about what kinds of sexual behavior to be concerned about and what kind to understand as common. More education that sexuality that is “rare” and persistent could be a sign of sexual abuse is needed by all parties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purchasing of sexual services by adults from children and adolescents affects an unknown proportion of New Zealand youth, and is present in both rural and urban settings. International research shows that on average girls begin using sex for survival between the ages of 12 and 15. It can be argued that the terms used to denote adolescent transactional sex indicate the researchers' moral position of the subject; the terms 'prostitution' and 'client' suggesting equal bargaining power and the terms 'criminality' and 'delinquency' implying victim responsibility. Recent articles are consistent in their comparison of transactional sex to child sexual abuse. Patriarchal ideals relating to gender roles and female sexuality may perpetuate the selling of sexual services by young people. Three primary pathways into survival sex have been identified: through intermediaries, through child sexual abuse and through inadequate protective systems. Children and young people engaged in transactional sex experience a range of adverse effects related to physical, sexual and mental health, and relationships. In New Zealand the use of children under 18 for sexual services is explicitly prohibited, but there are no comprehensive, nation-wide services for victims of transactional sex. Recommendations from the literature support a multi-systemic approach, with an extension of street outreach services, welfare provision and targeted prevention strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Groupies, heavy metal musicians, and highly devoted fans (metalheads) were some of the most salient identity groups for teenagers and emerging adults in the 1980s-the tail end of the Baby Boom and the beginning of the newly emerging Generation X. Met with appalled reactions from conventional society, the heavy metal scene nevertheless appeared to help at least some disenchanted youth negotiate turbulent times. The present study of 144 middle-aged 1980s groupies, metal fans, and professional musicians used both quantitative and qualitative data to develop insights into the developmental processes of these emerging adults of the 1980s. Metalheads described their childhood experiences, including maltreatment, their sexual and substance use activities in the 1980s, identity issues, and reported on current indicators of adjustment, such as education, mental health, and happiness. The results confirm that youth involved in the metal scene had high rates of substance use, risky sexual behaviors, and especially for groupies, traumatic childhood experiences, as well as drug dependence and sexual violence during their groupie days. However, despite their trauma and risky behaviors, participants were able to thrive and develop healthy adult lives, from which they look back fondly on those 1980s experiences. The richness of these data provide insights into the search for identity for marginalized youth, and provide hypotheses for future research on the understudied developmental processes of such adolescent style cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines Janice Barrett Graham's Me Tarzan, You Jane (2011) as a new form of narrative for children offering a negative viewpoint about homosexuality. While young people have long been the target of anti-LGBTQ efforts, Graham's text signals the expansion of interventionist strategies even further into the realm of childhood. The confidence with which Graham's narrative claims that behaviors predictive of homosexuality can be both easily identified and quickly eliminated re-energizes longstanding efforts by the ex-gay movement to medicalize homosexuality while they also serve to pathologize nonconformist children and unconventional childhoods. Finally, the book's use of characters from Edgar Rice Burroughs's problematic novel reveals how the anti-gay rhetoric is heavily imbricated with other discourses of intolerance, namely racism, Western imperialism, and xenophobia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Kinship fostering is generally preferred to non-kin fostering by policy makers in the U.S. and elsewhere. Researchers and policy makers alike tend to provide several proximate reasons for why this may be, generally neglecting an ultimate evolutionary framework. However, kin selection theory predicts that in the absence of genetically related parents, care from kin will result in the most similar life history outcomes. In low-fertility settings, parents typically favour increased investment in embodied capital and thus delayed reproductive life history strategy. Using archival data from the original Kinsey survey, collected in the U.S. from 1938 to 1963, we used survival analyses to compare the effects of living with kin and non-kin fosterers in childhood on timings of first sex and marriage. Our results support a kin selection hypothesis showing that while fostered children have accelerated life histories compared to children from “intact families”, kin fosterers buffer children from early sexual and reproductive behaviors, compared to children cared for by non-kin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Videogames are an important part in the life of younger generations, being it uses one of the principal recreation activities in many homes. Several studies showed that children are able to develop mental skills that promote active reasoning. However, to obtain these benefits lies primarily in the type of game that is being used. Currently many of these contain high levels of explicit violence and sex, which have come to create addiction among young children. Under that there is no regulation regarding the sale of videogames, is recommended that the parents determine if the product is suitable for the child's age, and restrict their use to a few minutes per day. In this paper we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of using videogames, primarily considering preventive strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Children who engage in perceived sexual actions face possible marginalization, isolation and exclusion in schools. The author's counselling practice included numerous examples where effects of adults' understanding have led to over reactive and punitive responses on children. This article complements a political ethic of social justice and supporting children's agency--that is, children as actors and childhood as being and becoming. Teachers and parents of primary school children were interviewed as part of a current doctoral project on discourses of childhood sexuality in Aotearoa, New Zealand. In focus groups and individual interviews, six teachers and seven parents of children in one primary school responded to vignettes on children's actions designed from counselling and anecdotal evidence of children's experiences in New Zealand primary schools. Participants' thoughts, ideas and reflections, including personal stories, were stimulated by the vignettes. Their understandings and perceptions of sexuality in childhood are explored, and discursive positionings for children in both the vignettes and participants' responses are examined. The crisis for children is when school policy constrains understandings and experiences of childhood due to adult-centric constructions of sexuality without regard to multiple positions shaped by culture, community values, personal histories and ideas of childhood and sexuality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current study was to address a largely overlooked aspect of the lives of sexual offenders, that is, their non-criminal sexual lifestyles. Traditionally, clinical research on these men has had a strong focus on their development of deviant sexuality and its causes and relationship with sexual offending. Beyond this specific developmental pathway, however, minimal research has examined the development and correlates of their non-criminal sexual lifestyles to provide an analogous picture of how they develop sexually. The current study examined sexual victimization experiences in childhood and the non-criminal sexual lifestyles in adulthood of 546 incarcerated sexual offenders. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to examine the link between childhood sexual victimization and adult sexual lifestyles. Next, multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed to determine the nature of this relationship between different types of sexual offenders. The results indicated that while childhood sexual victimization was related to aspects of non-criminal sexual lifestyles, this relationship differed for types of offenders, providing alternative insight into the sexual lifestyles of these men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last decade, increasing attention has been focused on the health of children with disorders of sex development (DSD) and the gaps in our knowledge of how early care may be linked to long-term outcome. In the current environment of greater collaboration as part of clinical and research networks, stronger links have been forged between professionals, patients and parents and guidelines have been developed for directing care. With continuing technological advances it is likely that our ability to reach a firm diagnosis will improve but this needs to be put in context of optimal long-term outcome. Clinical centres of expertise for rare conditions such as DSD will need to work within a network of centres and contribute to a collective effort to improve the care of children and adults with DSD. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Since the moral panic discourse is shutting down discussions about how children are making meaning of gender and sexuality, this paper argues that a new logic is needed for understanding childhood sexuality. A postdevelopmental logic is created by working with Deleuze and Guattari's [Anti-Oedipus: Capitalism and Schizoprhenia. Translated by Robert Hurley, Mark Seem and Helen R. Lane. London: Athlone and A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia. Translated by Brian Massumi. London: Continuum. (Orig. pub. 1980)] concepts ‘assemblage’, ‘desire’, and ‘territories’ to understand childhood sexuality in ways that do not rely on the notion of a ‘moral panic’. By re-assembling data generated from an exploratory study of talk by young children about gender and sexuality this paper creates new connections about childhood, gender, and sexualities. It does this by moving away from developmental framings, initiating a different dialogue about curiosities, human and nonhuman bodies, and desires, to chart new territories about childhood sexuality in the early years classroom. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Previous studies found associations between children and sex in child sex offenders (CSOs) using the Implicit Association Test (IAT). We used a modification of this task, the Single Category–Implicit Association Test (SC-IAT) to unravel child-sex associations in CSOs. Using the SC-IAT, we were able to test whether CSOs indeed hold stronger child-sex associations relative to adult-sex associations, compared to adult sex offenders and nonoffenders. Furthermore, we examined whether contact CSOs differed from noncontact CSOs in their child-sex associations. The hypothesis that CSOs would have stronger child-sex associations, relative to their adult-sex associations, than adult sex offenders and nonoffenders was confirmed. No difference between contact CSOs and noncontact CSOs was found. Although the Sex SC-IAT was able to distinguish CSOs from nonoffenders, the sensitivity and specificity of the test was poor (AUC of .65) and needs refinement. The results of this study support the existence of a child-sex association as a distinctive characteristic of CSOs. These findings are discussed in the context of theories on deviant cognitions in CSOs and risk for sexual offending. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This study explored potential variations in childhood sexual abuse (CSA) by examining qualitative accounts of first sexual experiences among non-disclosing, non-gay identified Black men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). We analyzed data from semi-structured qualitative interviews with 33 MSMW who described first sexual experiences with male and female partners. Thematic analysis revealed four patterns of first sexual experiences including: unwanted sexual experiences with a male or female consistent with definitions of childhood sexual abuse; consensual sex with an older male or female; bodily exploration with another male or female child; and consensual sex with a peer-age female. Most of the experiences described by participants as consensual with an older male or female, however, met criteria for childhood sexual abuse found in the extant literature. Several men discussed childhood sexual experiences (CSE) relative to their experiences with alcohol, drugs, and same-sex behavior as adults. Findings suggest that the relationship between CSE and risk-taking behavior may be shaped by whether men perceive their experiences as abusive or consensual, and have implications for researchers, treatment providers and counselors. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

There is a relative dearth of research examining normative sexual behavior in Latino preschool children, despite an increased presence of Latinos as a minority population in the United States. To meet this need, a sample of Latino mothers were asked to complete the Child Sexual Behavior Inventory (CSBI; Friedrich et al., 1992) on their preschool-aged children (3 to 5 years old; n = 188). When their children's scores were compared to CSBI normative data, significant differences emerged. Compared to the normative sample, Latino boys and girls scored significantly higher on thesexual abuse specific itemssubscale, and Latino girls scored significantly higher on thedevelopmentally related sexual behaviorsubscale. Possible cultural explanations for these elevations are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The article discusses child marriage as related to social and legal definitions of childhood in the U.S. during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. According to the author, children manipulated marriage law in order to legitimize their sexual activity and legally emancipate themselves from their parents' control. It is also suggested that children's marriages challenged socially constructed notions of childhood as a period of innocence distinct from adulthood which required protection. Other topics include gender, agency, and children's labor.

The current study presents a quantitative review of the discriminative and convergent validity of Implicit Association Test (IAT) measures adapted to assess sexual interest in children. IAT measures were able to distinguish sex offenders against children (SOC) from non-SOC ( M weighted d from random-effects = 0.63, 95 % CI [0.42-0.83], N = 707, k = 12). The largest group differences were found between SOC and non-offenders, followed by non-sex offenders and rapists. IAT measures using sex versus not sex (and similar attribute categories, such as sex vs. neutral) provided superior discrimination compared to IAT measures using sexy versus not sexy (and similar attribute categories, such as erotic vs. non- erotic). The IAT measures had a moderate relationship to self-report ( r = .27, 95 % CI [.13-.40], N = 182), sexual offense history variables ( r = .27, 95 % CI [.08-.43], N = 145), and viewing time ( r = .30, 95 % CI [.16-.43], N = 180) measures of sexual interest in children. Although these IAT measures can discriminate between groups and show convergence with other measures of sexual interest, a better understanding of the construct validity of these tools is required before their use in the assessment, treatment, and supervision of sex offenders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]