301. Tendências recentes da precarização social e do trabalho: Brasil, França, Japão
- Author
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Helena Hirata
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,SciELO ,subcontratação ,precarização ,Sociology and Political Science ,division sexuelle du travail ,intensification of work and health ,precarization ,'wageness' and 'precariousness' ,Gender studies ,assalariamento e "precariado" ,sexual division of labor ,Capitalist development ,divisão sexual do trabalho ,précarisation ,outsourcing ,salarisation et "salarié précaire" ,intensificação do trabalho e saúde ,la sous-traitance ,lcsh:H1-99 ,Sociology ,lcsh:Social sciences (General) ,Humanities ,l'intensification du travail et la santé - Abstract
O artigo visa a apreender as novas caracteristicas da precarizacao social e do trabalho, analisadas a partir da realidade dos anos noventa por Castel, mostrando como novas tendencias se delineiam com o processo de globalizacao e de crise economica em curso, tanto em termos de configuracoes da divisao sexual do trabalho precario quanto de modalidades ineditas de repercussao sobre a saude fisica e mental. A intensificacao do trabalho, tanto no setor secundario quanto no terciario, e a expansao da subcontratacao sao fenomenos em vigor nos tres paises estudados. A partir da analise dos processos recentes de segmentacao do mercado de trabalho e do emprego, o artigo procura tambem abordar criticamente o conceito de “precariado”, elaborado em oposicao a sociedade do “assalariamento”, mostrando como a dinâmica e a relacao entre setores estaveis e setores precarios sao fundamentais para a continuidade do processo de desenvolvimento capitalista em escala mundial. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: precarizacao, divisao sexual do trabalho, intensificacao do trabalho e saude, subcontratacao, assalariamento e “precariado”. RECENT TRENDS OF SOCIAL AND LABOUR PRECARIZATION: Brazil, France, Japan Helena Hirata This paper aims to aprehend the new features of labor and social precarization, analyzed from the reality of the nineties by Castel, showing how new trends are outlined in the process of globalization and current economic crisis, both in terms of settings sexual division of precarious labor as in terms of unprecedented modalities of repercussion on physical and mental health. The intensification of work in both the secondary and tertiary sectors and the expansion of outsourcing are phenomena in force in the three countries studied. From the analysis of recent processes of segmentation of employment in the labor market, this paper also seeks to address critically the concept of “precariousness”, developed in opposition to society’s “wageness”, showing how the dynamics and the relationship between stable and precarious sectors are fundamental to the continuing process of capitalist development worldwide. KEYWORDS: precarization, sexual division of labor, intensification of work and health, outsourcing, ‘wageness’ and ‘precariousness’. LES TENDANCES RECENTES DE LA PRECARISATION SOCIALE ET DU TRAVAIL: le Bresil, la France, le Japon Helena Hirata Cet article se veut de saisir les nouvelles caracteristiques de la precarisation sociale et du travail, analysees a partir de la realite des annees quatre-vingt-dix par Castel. Il montre comment de nouvelles tendances se dessinent dans le cadre du processus de mondialisation et de crise economique actuelle, autant en termes de configurations de la division sexuelle du travail precaire que de modalites inedites de repercussion sur la sante physique et mentale. L’intensification du travail, dans le secteur secondaire comme dans le tertiaire, et l’expansion de la sous-traitance representent des phenomenes qui sont en vigueur dans les trois pays etudies. A partir de l’analyse des processus recents de segmentation du marche du travail et de l’emploi, le concept de “salarie precaire” y est egalement aborde de maniere critique, elabore en opposition a la societe de “salarisation”, et montre comment la dynamique et les rapports entre les secteurs stables et les secteurs precaires sont fondamentaux pour que le processus de developpement capitaliste continue a l’echelle mondiale. MOTS-CLES: precarisation, division sexuelle du travail, l’intensification du travail et la sante, la sous-traitance, salarisation et “salarie precaire”. Publicacao Online do Caderno CRH: http://www.cadernocrh.ufba.br Publicacao Online do Caderno CRH no Scielo: http://www.scielo.br/ccrh
- Published
- 2011