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Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital conducted a study on the use of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with heart failure and deteriorating kidney function. The study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of continuing this therapy in patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) below 30 mL/min/1.73 m². Results showed that despite the increased risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease outcomes in these patients, continuing sacubitril/valsartan was associated with persistent clinical benefits and no additional safety risks. The research supports the continuation of sacubitril/valsartan for heart failure treatment even when eGFR declines below 30 mL/min/1.73 m². [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Tenri Hospital in Japan focused on the impact of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) on elderly patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. The study found that the use of RASIs at discharge was associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death or heart failure hospitalization in this patient population. The research, which included 518 patients, highlighted the potential benefits of RASIs in improving outcomes for elderly individuals with heart failure. The study emphasized the importance of considering RASIs as a treatment option for this specific demographic. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Gothenburg focused on the long-term continuation of pharmacological treatment for secondary prevention after a myocardial infarction (heart attack). The study, which followed individuals aged 18-84 years for up to 16 years, found that the utilization of guideline-recommended medical therapy decreased significantly after hospitalization for a heart attack. However, the research concluded that the use of certain medications, such as antiplatelets/anticoagulants, ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers, and statins, reduced the risk of all-cause mortality and recurrent heart attacks. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by the University of Naples Federico II focused on the treatment patterns of heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in Italy. The study, known as the OPTIMA-HF registry, found that while there were high prescription rates for key medications, many patients were not receiving the recommended combination of treatments. Only a small percentage of patients were simultaneously receiving target doses of all recommended medications, highlighting the need for improved adherence to treatment guidelines. The researchers emphasized the importance of optimizing medical therapy for HFrEF patients to maximize benefits and called for targeted strategies to enhance treatment outcomes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich conducted a study on the impact of GPR55 deficiency on cardiomyocyte homeostasis and hypertrophy in female mice. The research found that GPR55 deficiency did not affect hypertrophic growth induced by angiotensin II but improved gene expression, inotropy, and adrenergic responsiveness in female mice. The study suggests that GPR55 plays a crucial role in regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and homeostasis, making it a potential target for addressing adverse effects of heart hypertrophy in females. The research was supported by Fritz Thyssen Stiftung and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the Department of Infection Control and Prevention reported a case of isolated angioedema of the uvula induced by Valsartan/Sacubitril in a 75-year-old White man. The angioedema resolved after discontinuation of the medication, and the patient was diagnosed with Quincke's disease. The research suggests that angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) may cause angioedema by elevating bradykinin levels, although the exact mechanism is still unclear. This case report highlights the potential adverse effect of Valsartan therapy and contributes to the existing scientific literature on drug-induced angioedema. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich conducted a study on the effects of cannabis on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. The research found that cannabinoid signaling may interfere with cardiomyocyte contractility and hypertrophy. The study, funded by Fritz Thyssen Stiftung, suggests that GPR55 plays a crucial role in regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and homeostasis, particularly in females. This research has been peer-reviewed and provides valuable insights into potential targets for addressing maladaptation in the hypertrophied heart. [Extracted from the article]

A patent application titled "Thermal Modulation And Detection Of Perivascular Tissues" was published online by inventors Coates, Paul J. and Hettrick, Douglas A. The technology focuses on devices, systems, and methods for thermal modulation and detection of perivascular tissues using intravascular medical devices. The application discusses the impact of sympathetic nervous system activation on renal function and proposes innovative approaches to modulate tissue temperature for potential therapeutic benefits. The patent application provides detailed descriptions of intravascular medical devices, systems, and methods for monitoring and modulating perivascular tissues to address various health conditions. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Georgetown University Medical Center focused on the peptidase activity of Angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) in relation to RNA viruses, specifically the coronavirus. The research highlighted the role of ACE2 as the receptor for SARS-CoV2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that Ang II and Ang III are the most effective natural substrates for ACE2, shedding light on the enzyme's catalytic activity. This peer-reviewed research was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States and provides valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying COVID-19 infection. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at North University of China in Taiyuan, People's Republic of China, focuses on the challenges of detecting angiotensin peptides, which are important biomarkers for various diseases. The research highlights the significance of accurate angiotensin detection in clinical medicine and discusses current methods and novel technologies for achieving this. The study aims to advance diagnostic accuracy and therapeutic efficacy in the field of clinical medicine by addressing the challenges associated with angiotensin detection. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Heidelberg University in Germany have conducted a study on fullerenes, focusing on determining the collision cross sections (CCS) of large positive fullerene molecular ions. The study found that fullerene molecular ions from C56+ to C300+ have CCS values ranging from about 200 to 440 Ų. These findings have implications for using fullerene ions as mobility calibrants and for mass calibration in trapped ion mobility mass spectrometry. The research was supported by Projekt DEAL and the German Research Foundation (DFG) and has been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Southwest Medical University in Sichuan, China, focused on liver fibrosis and the role of angiogenesis in its progression. The research highlighted the impact of angiotensin II on promoting liver fibrosis through the Hippo/YAP signaling pathway. The study identified angiotensin II as a key regulator of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition during liver fibrosis and evaluated the therapeutic potential of the drug olmesartan in targeting this pathway. This peer-reviewed research sheds light on potential treatment strategies for liver fibrosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine conducted a study on pharmacological prevention of postoperative delirium in adults. The study highlighted the importance of reducing the incidence of postoperative delirium due to its negative impact on patients. Dexmedetomidine was identified as a promising medication for preventing delirium, but further research is needed to determine optimal dosing and timing. The study emphasized the need for future research to focus on identifying the best strategies for implementing pharmacological options to reduce postoperative delirium. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Lanzhou University in Gansu, China, explored the impact of using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) on the survival of hypertensive patients with cancer. The study found that patients with certain types of cancer who used ACEIs or ARBs had significantly increased survival times, except for those with breast cancer and uroepithelial carcinoma. The research suggests that further investigation into the mechanisms of action of these drugs could lead to novel therapeutic options and improve the prognosis of cancer patients in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Hasanuddin University in Makassar, Indonesia, focused on the prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) exacerbations with Heart Failure (HF) comorbidity. The research found that the pooled prevalence of COPD exacerbations with HF comorbidity was 29.43%, with significant statistical heterogeneity among the studies. The study also highlighted the impact of age, gender, and the use of statins in reducing COPD exacerbations. The research concluded that the risk of COPD exacerbation varied with the use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor/Angiotensin Receptor Blocker (ACEi/ARB) therapy, and identified atrial fibrillation and ischemic heart disease as common comorbidities. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by Mayo Clinic explored the association between the risk of Alzheimer's disease and the use of Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) in individuals with hypertension. The study found that ARB users had a lower risk of developing Alzheimer's disease compared to other antihypertensive medication users. The research suggests that ARBs may be more effective in reducing the hazard of Alzheimer's disease among patients with hypertension, particularly those with ARBs that can cross the blood-brain barrier. The study highlights the potential of ARBs as a preventive measure for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, provides comprehensive insights into diabetic nephropathy, a common complication of diabetes affecting 20-50% of diabetic patients globally. The research highlights the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy, including factors such as chronic hyperglycemia, protein glycosylation, and renal system activation, leading to kidney damage. The study emphasizes the importance of early detection, lifestyle modifications, and advanced pharmacological interventions in managing and preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Emerging therapies targeting inflammatory pathways and innovative medications show promise for future research in this field. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Sydney in Australia examined the management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in hospital settings. The research found that while the use of beta-blockers and diuretics was high among eligible patients, there were significant gaps in the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin II receptor blockers (ACEI/ARB) and aldosterone antagonists. The study highlighted the need for improved management of HFrEF, particularly in addressing these gaps in therapy adherence. The findings were published in the Internal Medicine Journal and have been peer-reviewed. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Nantong University in Jiangsu, China, conducted a study on the molecular regulatory mechanism of myocardial hypertrophy induced by Angiotensin II. The study established a model of Ang II-induced myocardial hypertrophy in mice and found that Ang II triggered an inflammatory response in the myocardium, leading to changes in gene expression associated with fibrosis, apoptosis, energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and calcium ion binding. Treatment with the anti-inflammatory drug meloxicam improved Ang II-induced myocardial hypertrophy, providing insights into potential prevention and treatment strategies for cardiac diseases. The research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by National Cheng Kung University in Tainan, Taiwan, explored the impact of sacubitril/valsartan and ACE inhibitors/ARBs on clinical and renal outcomes in heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction and chronic kidney disease. The research found that sacubitril/valsartan was associated with lower all-cause mortality compared to ACE inhibitors/ARBs in patients with chronic kidney disease. Further studies are recommended to confirm these findings. This study was supported by Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and published in Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Glasgow examined cognitive dysfunction in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. The research found that even mild cognitive impairment was associated with worse outcomes, including death. Patients with lower cognitive function scores had a higher risk of heart failure hospitalization, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death. The study highlights the importance of considering cognitive function in the management of heart failure patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Universidad Autonoma de Ciudad Juarez have explored the connection between the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and cell death processes such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. The study highlights the significant role of RAAS in cardiovascular and renal diseases, suggesting that understanding these connections could lead to new therapeutic strategies. This research provides valuable insights into the potential for managing cardiovascular and renal diseases through targeting the RAAS pathway. [Extracted from the article]

A clinical trial, NCT06655480, is being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of triple combination therapy (ARNI, SGLT2i, MRA) in patients with advanced heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). The trial aims to assess the impact of this therapy on clinical status, structural and functional cardiac parameters, and myocardial fibrosis over a 52-week period. The study is interventional, randomized, and open-label, with a primary focus on treatment. The trial is not yet recruiting participants, with an enrollment target of 50 individuals aged 40 to 80 years. The research is being led by the National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at University Hospital Munster in Germany analyzed the use of Angiotensin II (ANGII) in patients with catecholamine-resistant vasodilatory shock and acute kidney injury (AKI). The study found that ANGII was associated with lower 28-day mortality, increased likelihood of mean arterial pressure (MAP) response, and more days alive and free from renal replacement therapy (RRT) in patients with stage 3 AKI. These results suggest the potential benefits of ANGII in treating patients with severe AKI and shock. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Altai State Medical University conducted a review on the interaction of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in patients with glaucoma and arterial hypertension. Glaucoma, a leading cause of blindness globally, prompts investigation into alternative causes of optic nerve damage, with abnormal blood pressure levels being considered a possible risk factor. Studies suggest that ACE inhibitors, which inhibit the renin-angiotensin system, may have potential as antiglaucoma drugs by improving intraocular fluid outflow and reducing intraocular pressure. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Smolensk State Medical University have conducted a study on the choice between free combinations of antihypertensive agents and fixed-dosed combinations in the treatment of arterial hypertension. The study found that fixed-dose combinations (FDC) can improve adherence to treatment and facilitate blood pressure control, despite being more expensive than individual drugs. However, the effectiveness of FDCs is often extrapolated from data on free combinations, and the choice between the two approaches remains a topic for further analysis. The study suggests that while FDCs are recommended for initial therapy due to better compliance, there is still a place for free combinations in the treatment of arterial hypertension. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic review conducted by researchers at Austin Health in Melbourne, Australia, aimed to evaluate the association between angiotensin-II and thromboembolic events in adult patients receiving treatment for shock. The review included seven studies with a total of 1461 patients, which found similar rates of venous and arterial thromboembolic events between patients receiving angiotensin-II and the control group. The researchers concluded that current evidence does not definitively support or refute a link between angiotensin-II and an increased risk of thromboembolic events, emphasizing the need for future studies with clearer diagnostic and reporting criteria. [Extracted from the article]

Research from Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo delves into peptide hormones, focusing on the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) and the role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) in regulating blood pressure and hydro electrolyte balance. The study investigates the signaling pathways triggered by ACE inhibitors, such as captopril and enalapril, in CHO-ECA cells, revealing modulation of various kinases. The findings suggest that ACE may not only function as an enzyme but also as a signaling receptor and transducer protein, shedding light on its multifaceted role in physiological processes. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses gender-based differences in heart failure hospitalizations among patients with heart failure treated with spironolactone. It highlights the use of aldosterone antagonists in managing heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and the impact of androgens on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Clinical trials have shown conflicting results regarding gender differences in the treatment of heart failure, with some studies suggesting a reduction in all-cause mortality associated with spironolactone use in females. The study is observational and aims to investigate these gender-related differences in heart failure treatment. [Extracted from the article]

A study from New York Medical College explores the association between hypertension and major neurocognitive disorders, such as delirium, Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia, and frontotemporal dementia. Hypertension is identified as a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, contributing to neurodegenerative pathologies through vascular damage, inflammation, and disruption of the blood-brain barrier. The effectiveness of antihypertensive treatments in preventing or alleviating cognitive decline remains debated, with varying results due to differences in hypertension definitions, diagnostic criteria for cognitive disorders, and confounding factors like medication adherence. The complex relationship between hypertension and cognitive disorders necessitates further investigation through prospective, long-term studies to evaluate the therapeutic benefits of antihypertensive treatments. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the role of Dclk1 expressing cells in pancreatic tumorigenesis, using a mouse model and single cell RNAseq analysis to identify these cells in normal pancreas and pancreatic neoplasia. It highlights the presence of tuft-like cells that inhibit tumor progression, in contrast to ADM-like cells that sustain tumor growth. The study reveals a protective axis involving cancer activated fibroblasts, cancer group 2 innate lymphoid cells, and Dclk1+ tuft-like cells that release angiotensinogen to counteract pancreatic neoplasia. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Science and Technology China focused on the pharmacological inhibition of the P-rex1/rac1 axis to block angiotensin II-induced cardiac fibrosis. The research aimed to investigate the role of P-Rex1 in cardiac fibrosis and its downstream effects. The findings suggested that blocking P-Rex1 could down-regulate profibrotic transcriptional regulators and ameliorate abnormalities in heart structure and function, potentially offering a new approach for pharmacological development in treating cardiac fibrosis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Shenyang Pharmaceutical University conducted a study on antihypertensive regimens among primary hypertension inpatients in Anshan city from 2015 to 2018. The study analyzed medical records of 3,600 patients from three tertiary hospitals and found that over half of the patients had stage III hypertension. Common concomitant diseases included left ventricular hypertrophy, coronary artery disease, and ischemic stroke. Calcium ion antagonists (CCB) were the most frequently used monotherapy, while ACEI/ARB plus CCB plus diuretic was a common combined antihypertensive regimen. The research highlighted the importance of rational medication for hypertensive patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Erasme University Hospital in Brussels conducted a study on alterations in the Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) during septic shock, focusing on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity and the balance between angiotensin peptides. The study involved an experimental septic shock model in swine, which showed significant changes in plasma renin activity, angiotensin I and II levels, ACE activity, and the angiotensin I/angiotensin II ratio. The findings suggest adaptive responses within the RAS during septic shock, potentially offering new insights into sepsis management and therapeutic targets. The research was published in Critical Care Explorations and can be accessed for free online. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at the Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences conducted a computational study on the interaction between Human Serum Albumin (HSA) and angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Through molecular modeling, they identified potential complexes between HSA and ACE, highlighting the impact of specific mutations on their interaction. The study provides insights for further research on the mechanisms of HSA-ACE interaction, aiming to enhance pharmacotherapy targeting ACE's physiological activity. The findings were published in the International Journal of Molecular Sciences. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences in Bethesda, Maryland, explores the role of angiotensin II and oxidative stress in the development of radiation-induced cataracts (RICs). The research suggests that targeting angiotensin II signaling and oxidative stress simultaneously could be a promising therapeutic approach to prevent or reverse RIC development. The study highlights the impact of angiotensin II on oxidative stress, inflammation, and cellular apoptosis, ultimately compromising lens transparency and contributing to cataract formation. Continued research is needed to validate these strategies and assess their efficacy in addressing RICs, which are a significant public health concern affecting individuals exposed to ionizing radiation. [Extracted from the article]

A study investigated the use of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) therapy in patients with heart failure and end-stage renal disease on dialysis. The research found that ARNI use was associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and hospitalization compared to renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers. Good adherence to ARNI therapy was linked to better outcomes, particularly in reducing the risk of mortality and hospitalization. This study, based on the Korean National Health Insurance Service database, highlights the potential benefits of ARNI in improving clinical outcomes for patients with heart failure and end-stage renal disease on dialysis. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Volgograd State Medical University conducted a study on the clinical and economic effectiveness of dapagliflozin in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (HFrEF) in the Russian Federation. The study found that adding dapagliflozin to standard therapy for CHF led to increased life expectancy, decreased hospitalizations and emergency visits, and reduced cardiovascular mortality. The research concluded that using dapagliflozin with standard therapy, particularly with ACEi/ARB, showed the best clinical and economic outcomes. The study was published in Terapevticeskij arhiv and more information can be obtained from Volgograd State Medical University. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University in China focused on developing a machine learning-based predictive model for assessing mortality risk in patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock. The study utilized data from the MIMIC-IV and eICU-CRD databases, incorporating variables such as prothrombin time, blood urea nitrogen, age, beta-blockers, and Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors or Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers. The Logistic Regression algorithm demonstrated the best performance in predicting mortality risk, with an AUC of 0.841. The research aims to aid in early detection of high-risk individuals and optimize healthcare resource allocation. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Seoul National University Hospital investigated the association between the use of ACE inhibitors, ARBs, or non-RAS inhibitors and incident cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension. The research found that patients on ACE inhibitors and ARBs had lower risks of myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, and all-cause deaths compared to those on non-RAS inhibitors. The study concluded that ACE inhibitor and ARB users were associated with decreased risks of various cardiovascular events and mortality. The research was peer-reviewed and published in Clinical Research in Cardiology. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a multicenter, randomized, open-label, cyclosporine-controlled Phase II clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of Zuberitamab injection in patients with primary membranous nephropathy. The study aims to explore the Phase III dosing regimen, sample size, and endpoint evaluation time. The trial is not yet recruiting participants, with an enrollment target of 135 individuals aged 18 to 75 years, and is set to be completed by December 31, 2027. The study includes detailed eligibility criteria and contact information for the primary investigator in China. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University of Kentucky have found that pre-existing hypertension can intensify blood-brain barrier leakage after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in mice. Despite robust injury-induced astrogliosis and microgliosis, hypertension did not further increase these responses. This study highlights the importance of considering pre-existing hypertension as a significant risk factor for poor outcomes after TBI, providing valuable insights for future research and clinical relevance. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shiraz University of Medical Sciences conducted a study to investigate acute kidney injury (AKI) induced by vancomycin, colistin, and liposomal amphotericin B in hospitalized patients. The study found that AKI occurred in 34.3% of patients, with dehydration and co-administration of nephrotoxic medications identified as significant risk factors. The research emphasizes the importance of addressing these factors in preventive strategies to reduce antibiotic-induced AKI in hospitalized patients. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Cantonal Hospital in Liestal, Switzerland, focused on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure (AHF). The study, which included 760 AHF cases, found generally good adherence to guideline recommendations, but identified areas for improvement in initial assessment, diagnostic procedures, discharge medication, and lifestyle recommendations. The research aimed to assess guideline adherence in a public teaching hospital and highlighted the need for enhancements in various aspects of AHF management. The study's findings contribute to the ongoing efforts to improve outcomes for patients with heart failure. [Extracted from the article]

A clinical trial, NCT06628973, aims to assess whether social prescribing (SP) can improve adherence and quality of life in Canadian women with heart failure (HF) by targeting social determinants of health (SDOH). SP involves personalized referrals to non-medical supports based on individual SDOH-related vulnerabilities. The trial will measure adherence to guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) and quality of life outcomes using the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12). By addressing critical gaps in care and bridging healthcare providers with community resources, SP has the potential to enhance adherence to GDMT and improve outcomes for women with HF. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at China Medical University focused on comparing the impact of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor (ARNI) versus renin-angiotensin system inhibitor (RASI) on dementia risk in patients with heart failure. The study, based on real-life nationwide registry data, found that patients in the ARNI cohort had a lower risk of dementia compared to those in the RASI cohort. This research suggests that the use of ARNI may be associated with a reduced risk of new-onset dementia in individuals with heart failure. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Applied Science Private University focused on the role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibition in breast cancer proliferation, specifically examining the potential of carnosine as an ACE2 inhibitor. The study found that carnosine exhibited dose-dependent ACE2 inhibition and had significant antiproliferative effects on aggressive breast cancer cell lines, while showing minimal effects on luminal cell lines. This research sheds light on the potential modulatory impact of carnosine in breast cancer treatment. [Extracted from the article]