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A key factor in the performance of PV panels is the tilt angle, adjustable via various tracking systems. Fixed tilt angle PV panels miss out on most of the solar radiation each day whereas continuous tracking systems are not always cost-efficient, rather impractical in some cases. Therefore, adjusting the tilt angle using a limited number of periods per year can be a good, compromised solution. In this paper, a new approach is proposed to maximize the impact of solar radiation on PV panels by adjusting their tilt angles. Based on a limited number of periods or intervals per year, the optimal duration (number of days) of each period or interval along with the optimum tilt angle corresponding to each interval are determined by solving two interlinked optimization problems. These two problems are solved using the Most Valuable Player Algorithm (MVPA) combined with the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The case study for Yanbu, a western coastal city of Saudi Arabia has been investigated. The obtained results show that the enhanced solar power generation can be achieved by using optimal intervals and optimum tilt angle and provide a suitable benchmark for similar techniques to be used in the future to solve the problem of tilt angle adjustment for maximizing PV panels output.

Breast cancer is one of the most reported cancers that can lead to death. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment procedures, the possibility of cancer recurrences is still high in many cases. With that in consideration, researchers from all over the world are showing interest in the unique features of Graphene oxide (GO), such as its excellent and versatile physicochemical properties, to explore further its potential and benefits towards breast cancer cell treatment. In this study, the cell viability and electrical response of GO, in terms of resistivity and impedance towards the breast cancer cells (MCF7) and normal breast cells (MCF10a), were investigated by varying the pH and concentration of GO. Firstly, the numbers of MCF7 and MCF10a were measured after being treated with GO for 24 and 48 h. Next, the electrical responses of these cells were evaluated by using interdigitated gold electrodes (IDEs) that are connected to an LCR meter. Based on the results obtained, as the pH of GO increased from pH 5 to pH 7, the number of viable MCF7 cells decreased while the number of viable MCF10a slightly increased after the incubation period of 48 h. Similarly, the MCF7 also experienced higher cytotoxicity effects when treated with GO concentrations of more than 25 µg/mL. The findings from the electrical characterization of the cells observed that the number of viable cells has corresponded to the impedance of the cells. The electrical impedance of MCF7 decreased as the number of highly insulating viable cell membranes decreased. But in contrast, the electrical impedance of MCF10a increased as the number of highly insulating viable cell membranes increased. Hence, it can be deduced that the GO with higher pH and concentration influence the MCF7 cancer cell line and MCF10a normal breast cell.

This research examines the difficulty pattern of assertive communication scale instrument items containing spiritual values. The research and development design applies ADDIE work procedures (Analysis, Design, Development or Production, Implementation or delivery and Evaluation). The participants of the item development and item difficulty test were 425 junior high school adolescents in Yogyakarta who were selected using stratified random sampling technique. The data analysis technique used the Rasch model. The findings show that the item difficulty pattern from the aspect of assertive communication contains cultural values ​​which consists of 20 items indicating that item number 6, which reads "I respond to the words/advice of my parents with harsh words because for me it is nonsense." with +1.57 logit indicates that this item is the most difficult for respondents to agree on in the cultural value-based assertive communication scale instrument that has been answered by the respondent. Meanwhile, item number 19, which reads “I respect religious differences among my friends or neighbours” is the item most respondents agree on.

Cognitive flexibility is an important aspect a counselor needs to determine responses in guidance and counseling services, particularly in dealing with rapid-changing situations. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of mind skills training in improving counselors’ cognitive flexibility in Islamic counseling practices. To this end, an experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design was applied. A-27 item-Cognitive Flexibility Scale (CFS) was used. Participants were fifty-two school counselors in Islamic schools in Yogyakarta Regency, recruited using random sampling technique. Participants were assigned to experimental and control groups, each of which consisted of 26 counselors. The pre-test and post-test data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test with SPSS Amos 25. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA test and t-test. ANOVA test result showed an F value of 346.300 with a significance value of 0.000 (Sig

The phenomenon of the spread of the Novel Coronavirus Disease (Covid-19) globally and thoroughly has transformed the trend of society, including the people of Indonesia. The tendency of individual behavior in buying and selling transactions is transformed from outside the internet network (offline) to inside the internet network (online). The level of comfort and convenience of the public in accessing and choosing various types of products online through electronic systems has given birth to new tendencies and habits in the e-Commerce landscape and has the potential to remain relevant even after the pandemic is over.. However, problems have arisen related to e-Commerce user data which has experienced many leaks so their activities tend to be insecure. If in the e-commerce transactions a sense of security and legal certainty is not guaranteed, it is feared that its development will stagnate. The research uses normative juridical methods and analytical descriptive types that explain the relationship between the Covid-19 health crisis and its impact on the tendency of people to conduct electronic buying and selling transactions where there is a shift in demand from physical retail to e-Commerce during the New Normal period. From this study, it was found that e-Commerce plays a major role in helping the community to remain active in online buying and selling transactions even in the post- pandemic period where legal protection is guaranteed for their activities. As for the legal regime that regulates the protection of personal data, it can help optimize the acceleration of e-Commerce with responsibility and principles of safety and security in serving consumers.

Our study used the full-potential linearized augmented plane waves (FP-LAPW) method to conduct a first-principles evaluation of the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of ThMn2X2 (X = Si and Ge) compounds. To establish theoretical dependability with the currently available experimental results, computations for the structural findings of ternary intermetallic thorium (Th)-based compounds were achieved using the generalized gradient approximation in the scheme of Perdew–Burke–Ernzerhof (PBE–GGA) potential, while the generalized gradient approximation plus the Hubbard U (GGA + U) approach was employed to improve the electrical and magnetic properties. In contrast with both the paramagnetic (PM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) phases, the ThMn2X2 compounds were optimized in a stable ferromagnetic (FM) phase, which was more suited for studying and analyzing magnetic properties. The electronic band structures (BS) and the density of state (DOS) were computed using the two PBE–GGA and GGA + U approximations. The thorium (Th)-based ThMn2X2 compound has full metallic character, due to the crossing and overlapping of bands across the Fermi level of energy, as well as the absence of a gap through both spin (up and down) channels. There was a significant hybridization between (Mn-d and (X = Si and Ge)-p states of conduction band with Th-f states in the valence band. The total magnetic moment of ThMn2Si2 in the ferromagnetic phase was 7.94534 μB, while for ThMn2Ge2 it was 8.73824 μB with a major contribution from the Mn atom. In addition, the ThMn2Ge2 compound’s total magnetic moment confirmed that it exhibits higher ferromagnetism than does the ThMn2Si2 compound.

Due to the inexpensive cost of amine solvent, more than 95 % of natural gas (NG) processing plants use an acid gas removal unit that utilizes an aqueous amine solvent to remove sour gas components such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Different technologies are available to capture CO2 from NG. However, chemical absorption is the most reliable and used technology all over the world. However, it is challenging to determine the amine blend’s optimal composition for the effective removal of CO2 and H2S and solvent regeneration. This is mainly due to the difference in reservoir gas compositions, affecting gas removal efficiency and solvent regeneration energies. The present investigation addresses the performance of using a novel solvent blend of diisopropanolamine (DIPA) and Triethanolamine (TEA) to determine the absorption capacity of CO2 & H2S using Aspen HYSYS software. A study on the effects of solubility on CO2 absorption was performed at varying pressure (10-80 bar) and temperature (25°C to 50°C). The percentage of CO2 removal increased from 80% to 98% as the temperature increased from 25°C to 50°C. The results revealed that the concentration of CO2 and H2S in sweet gas decrease with the increase in pressure while the concentration of CO2 and H2S increases with the increase in temperature.

Uncertain conditions and not the optimal implementation of guidance and counseling to reduce academic stress for high school students in Malang Raya require innovation in delivering services. This study aims to analyze the counselor's need to develop a website-based self-help model of reality counseling to reduce academic stress for high school students. The research design is descriptive. The research population is high school counselors in Malang Raya. Samples were taken by using a multistage area random sampling technique. Online questionnaires collected the research data through google forms which were analyzed using descriptive techniques. The results showed that the self-help model of reality counseling was needed to optimize the implementation of guidance and counseling services to reduce academic stress for high school students in Malang Raya. The results of this study are used to develop a website-based reality counseling self-help model that can reduce academic stress for high school students in Malang Raya. The development is theoretically and practically acceptable in terms of accuracy, usability, convenience, attractiveness, and effectiveness according to guidance and counseling experts, experts in guidance and counseling media, as well as counselors and high school students in Malang Raya.

Institutional mathematics education has long been traditional in its ways of being teacher-centric, a tradition which perhaps dates back to the Ancient Greece. Much like the society in those days, where there was a wary public feeling about the rigidness of the mathematical instruction in Pythagoras’ school, mathematics educators find themselves in a similar position in the common era of 2020. Unlike the Ancient Greece however, the battle is for the sustained delivery of a comprehensive mathematics education in the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic. It would be fair to say that mathematics departments across all levels of the education sector have been affected drastically;more so on instructors who favour the traditional “chalk and talk” method of instruction. In this article, we share several lessons learned in the delivery of mathematical instruction at undergraduate university level during the Covid-19 pandemic, drawing on our experience at Universiti Brunei Darussalam. These include specific methods for implementing online learning effectively, the pros and cons of such methods, and how we can use computer based tools to make learning more conducive. We highly think that these implementations are beneficial to be adapted by mathematics departments anywhere as a means of adapting to the new realities post Covid-19. © 2022, Institute of Technology PETRONAS Sdn Bhd.

Breast cancer is one of the most reported cancers that can lead to death. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment procedures, the possibility of cancer recurrences is still high in many cases. With that in consideration, researchers from all over the world are showing interest in the unique features of Graphene oxide (GO), such as its excellent and versatile physicochemical properties, to explore further its potential and benefits towards breast cancer cell treatment. In this study, the cell viability and electrical response of GO, in terms of resistivity and impedance towards the breast cancer cells (MCF7) and normal breast cells (MCF10a), were investigated by varying the pH and concentration of GO. Firstly, the numbers of MCF7 and MCF10a were measured after being treated with GO for 24 and 48 hours. Next, the electrical responses of these cells were evaluated by using interdigitated electrodes (IDEs) gold electrodes that are connected to an E4980 20 Hz – 2 MHz Precision LCR meter. Based on the results obtained, as the pH of GO increased from pH 5 to pH 7, the number of viable MCF7 cells decreased while the number of viable MCF10a slightly increased after the incubation period of 48 hours. Similarly, the MCF7 also experienced higher cytotoxicity effects when treated with a GO concentration of more than 25 μg/mL. The findings from the electrical characterization of the cells observed that the number of viable cells has corresponded to the impedance of the cells. The electrical impedance of MCF7 decreased as the number of highly insulating viable cells membrane decreased, but in contrast, the electrical impedance of MCF10a increased as the number of highly insulating viable cells membrane increased. Hence, it can be deduced that the GO with higher pH and concentration impacts the MCF7 cancer cell line and MCF10a normal breast cell.

Modification has been made to TiO2 thin film to improve the wettability and the absorption of light. The sol-gel spin coating method was successfully used to synthesize GO/TiO2 thin films using a titanium (IV) isopropoxide (TTIP) as a precursor. Different amounts of polyethylene glycol (PEG) (20 to 100 mg) were added into the parent sol solution to improve the optical properties and wettability of the GO/TiO2 thin film. The effect of different amounts of PEG was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) for the phase composition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for microstructure observation, atomic force microscopy (AFM) for the surface topography, ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV-VIS) for the optical properties and wettability of the thin films by measuring the water contact angle. The XRD analysis showed the amorphous phase. The SEM and AFM images revealed that the particles were less agglomerated and surface roughness increases from 1.21 × 102 to 2.63 × 102 nm when the amount of PEG increased. The wettability analysis results show that the water contact angle of the thin film decreased to 27.52° with the increase of PEG to 80 mg which indicated that the thin film has hydrophilic properties. The optical properties also improved significantly, where the light absorbance wavelength became wider and the band gap was reduced from 3.31 to 2.82 eV with the presence of PEG.

The investigation on tin (Sn) whiskers formation has been widely applied in the field of lead-free electronic packaging. This is due to the fact that use of the Sn–Pb finishes has converted to Pb-free finishes in the electronic industry. Sn whiskers can grow long enough to cause a short circuit, which affects electronic devices’ reliability. This study investigates Sn whiskers’ formation in the thin Sn–0.7Cu–0.05Ga Pb-free solder under the influence of electromigration and thermal ageing for surface finish applications. The samples were stored in ambient conditions for 1000 h before being exposed to electromigration and thermal ageing to study the corresponding whiskers’ growth. A scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the Sn whiskers’ microstructure, while an optical microscope (OM) was utilized to investigate the IMC layers in the samples. The results show that the addition of 0.05 wt.% gallium (Ga) decreased the Sn whisker’s length and growth density while simultaneously refining the IMC layers. Synchrotron micro-XRF (µ-XRF) shows the existence and distribution of Ga addition in both electromigration and thermal ageing samples. The shear test was used to determine the solder alloys’ mechanical properties. As a result, the addition of Ga to the Sn–0.7Cu solder improved the fracture morphology of solder joints. In conclusion, Ga’s addition resulted in decreasing Sn whisker formation and refining of the IMCs while also increasing the shear strength of the Sn–0.7Cu solder by ~14%.

Sole nanomaterials or nanomaterials bound to specific biomolecules have been proposed to regulate the immune system. These materials have now emerged as new tools for eliciting immune-based therapies to treat various cancers. Graphene, graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) are the latest nanomaterials among other carbon nanotubes that have attracted wide interest among medical industry players due to their extraordinary properties, inert-state, non-toxic and stable dispersion in a various solvent. Currently, GO and rGO are utilized in various biomedical application including cancer immunotherapy. This review will highlight studies that have been carried out in elucidating the stimulation of GO and rGO on selected innate and adaptive immune cells and their effect on cancer progression to shed some insights for researchers in the development of various GO- and rGO-based immune therapies against various cancers.

This paper presents the continuous work of an improved version of the Local Anaesthesia Simulator Kit (LASK), an inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) clinical simulator kit for simulation-based training. The main objective of this project is to facilitate anaesthesia administration via digital sensing mechanism and training session in a virtual environment. The implementation of internet of things (IoT) provides wireless machine to machine communication to transmit real-time sensor data into web application (web-app) and data analysis purpose. To ensure seamless data transmission, a dedicated wireless protocol namely web-socket protocol is used for two-way communication between the simulator kit and the developed web-app. The developed web-app provides access of real-time training interface and a dashboard for displaying the current training score including overall performance trend. This real-time training interface also displays graphical statistical data analysis as well as 3D data visualization. In this regard, an open-sourced 3D rendering module is integrated into the web-app to enhance the clinical training sensation.

Efficient shielding materials are extremely important to minimize the effect of electromagnetic interference. Currently, various composite materials are being investigated with different shielding efficiencies reported. In this paper, a flexible and free-standing sodium-based chitosan (CH/Na) polymer with copper selenide (CuSe) filler was prepared for electromagnetic shielding. The CH/Na/CuSe polymer matrix was prepared via the direct casting technique at different wt% of CuSe, varying from 2 to 20 wt%. The polymer matrix was then characterised by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to confirm the interaction between the CH/Na and CuSe. The XRD results revealed that the CH/Na/CuSe polymer was successfully formed. Improvement in the electrical conductivity was confirmed by an impedance spectroscopy measurement. The highest electrical conduction recorded was at 3.69 × 10−5 S/cm for CH/Na/CuSe polymer matrix with 20 wt% CuSe. An increase in total electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding efficiency (SET) of up to 20 dB (99% EM power shield) was achieved, and it can be increased up to 34 dB (99.9% EM power shield) with the thickness of the polymer increased.

The Untia fishing village community was formed from the relocation of the residents of Laelae Island in 1998. The community that was built from the results of relocation had a high strength of solidarity. The high level of solidarity possessed by the Untia fishing village community is a form of social capital. The potential for social capital can add and develop other capital. Substantially the power of capital is to create, add and develop other capital, such as economic capital, human capital, environmental capital and social capital. Social capital is the potential for basic capital for the fishing community to strengthen and streamline environmental capital. The environment in this study is intended as a facility and infrastructure that can be used by community members to fulfill their daily needs. This study aims to identify the potential of social capital of the fishing community and analyze the strength and contribution of social capital in streamlining environmental capital. in the fishing community. The approach method used in this study is descriptive qualitative. The qualitative type used is a case study that is intended to capture the phenomenon in detail, specifically and deeply. Data collection techniques used are in-depth interviews and observations. Informants totaling 5 people were community leaders determined purposively. The results of this study found that social capital elements which included trust, institutions and associations, reciprocal social values and norms and networks were the main potential and sources of strength for the Untia village fishermen village community in streamlining their environmental capital. The social capital owned by the fishing community contributes to maintaining, improving and developing the use of the environment for their welfare. Environmental conditions which are the main needs of the community experience an increase in number and quality, so that the community can carry on with optimistic life. Komunitas kampong nelayan Untia terbentuk dari hasil relokasi penduduk pulau Laelae pada tahun 1998. Komunitas yang terbangun dari hasil relokasi memiliki kekuatan solidaritas yang tinggi. Tingginya solidaritas yang dimiliki oleh komunitas kampong nelayan Untia merupakan suatu bentuk modal social. Potensi modal social tersebut dapat menambah dan mengembangkan modal lainnya. Secara substansi kekuatan modal adalah mengkreasi, menambah dan mengembangkan modalmodal lainnya, seperti modal ekonomi, modal manusia, modal lingkungan dan modal social. Modal social merupakan potensi modal dasar bagi komunitas nelayan dapat memperkuat dan mengefektifkan modal lingkungan. Lingkungan dalam kajian ini dimaksudkan sebagai sarana dan prasarana yang dapat digunakan oleh warga komunitas dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi potensi modal social komunitas nelayan dan menganalisis kekuatan dan kontribusi modal social dalam mengefektifkan modal lingkungan. dalam komunitas nelayan. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan dalam kajian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Jenis kualitatif yang dipakai adalah studi kasus yang dimaksudkan untuk menangkap fenomena secara terperinci, spesifik dan mendalam. Tehnik pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah wawancara mendalam (Indepth interwiew) dan observasi. Informan yang berjumlah 5 orang merupakan tokoh masyarakat yang ditentukan secara purposive.Hasil kajian ini menemukan bahwa elemen modal social yang meliputi kepercayaan (trust), institusi dan assosiasi, nilai dan normanorma social timbal balik dan jaringan merupakan potensi dan sumber kekuatan utama komunitas kampong nelayan kelurahan Untia dalam mengefektifkan modal lingkungannya. Modal social yang dimiliki oleh komunitas nelayan tersebut berkontribusi dalam memelihara, memperbaiki serta mengembangkan pemanfaatan lingkungan untuk kesejahteraan mereka. Kondisi lingkungan yang merupakan kebutuhan utama komunitas mengalami peningkatan jumlah dan kualitas, sehingga warga komunitas dapat melangsungkan kehidupannya dengan penuh optimistis.

RSUD Majene adalah unsur penunjang penyelenggaraan Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Majene di bidang pelayanan kesehatan yang mempunyai tugas melaksanakan upaya kesehatan secara berdaya guna dan berhasil guna dengan mengutamakan upaya penyembuhan, pemulihan yang dilaksanakan secara serasi, terpadu dengan upaya peningkatan serta pencegahan dan melaksanakan upaya rujukan. Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Majene mempunyai tugas pokok: Melaksanakan Pelayanan Kesehatan (Caring) dan penyembuhan (Curing) penderita serta pemulihan keadaan cacat badan dan jiwa (Rehabilitation), serta melaksanakan upaya rujukan; menyelenggarakan pelayanan kesehatan yang bermutu sesuai standar pelayanan rumah sakit, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Lingkungan Kerja berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Motivasi pegawai pada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Majene dan juga tingkat pendidikan, Data telah dianalis dengan menggunakan software SPSS versi 2.1, bahwa Pengaruh variabel bebas lingkungan kerja terhadap motivasi adalah 0,139, artinya jika variabel gaji ditingkatkan 1 satuan dan tingkat pendidikan konstan maka akan menyebabkan peningkatan nilai variabel motivasi sebesar 0,139 satuan. Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan terhadap motivasi pegawai RSUD Majene. adalah 0,310 , artinya jika variable lingkungan kerja ditingkatkan 1 satuan dan tingkat pendidikan konstan maka akan menyebabkan peningkatan nilai variabel motivasi sebesar 0,310 satuan. Berdasarkan analisis korelasi berganda dapat diketahui bahwa variable tingkat pendidikan (X2) mempunyai pengaruh yang lebih dominan sebesar 0,310 dibandingkan lingkungan kerja (X1) sebesar 0,139. Kata Kunci : Disiplin kerja, Pegawai, Tingkat Pendidikan ABSTRACT Majene HOSPITAL is a supporting element of the regional government of Majene Regency in the field of health care that has the task of implementing health efforts effectively and successfully in order to prioritize healing efforts, recovery That are implemented in a compatible, integrated with the efforts to improve and prevent and carry out referral efforts. Majene District General Hospital has a basic task: implementing Caring and Healing (Curing) sufferers and restoring the condition of disability and body (Rehabilitation), and carrying out referral efforts; Conducting quality healthcare services according to hospital service standards, research results show that the working environment has significant effect on employee motivation at the district General Hospital of Majene and also Education, Data has been analysts by using SPSS software version 2.1, that the effect of a variable-free working environment against motivation is 0.139, meaning if the salary variable is increased by 1 unit and the constant education level will cause Increased motivational variable value of 0.139 units. Effect of education on the motivation of the officers of the RSUD Majene. is 0.310, meaning that if the working environment variable is increased by 1 unit and the constant level of education it will lead to an increase in the motivational variable value of 0.310 units. Based on the multiple correlation analysis it can be noted that the education level variable (X2) has a more dominant effect of 0.310 than the working environment (X1) of 0.139.

With the new advances in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era, which were initiated by artificial intelligence coupled with genetic engineering and nanotechnology, changes will occur in a very fast period of time and result in an impact on the economic industry and also governance in the presence of new business that was born of innovators to create strategies through digital platforms. In Indonesia, digital innovation is not only in one area, but also in the fields of education, food, health, which is also used as a new law in government that supports the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. These developments also affected the world industry. The birth of the term Industrial Revolution 4.0 was a continuation of the previous industrial revolution. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 is an amalgamation of an optimized manufacturing industry with the latest internet technology.

In the perspective of social cognitive theory, humans as an actor that has a cognitive capability to observe, learn, understand, motivate, plan, act and evaluate an achievement or result that has been done. This perspective argues that a human can learn just by observation, although they do not have direct experience to do such specific tasks. This argument has revised a concept of behavioristic about imitation learning Miller and Dollard. Bandura has a viewpoint to have this result in his research with a triadic reciprocal determinism. Peoples has a cognitive function to observe and consideration to make a decision to act in their life circumstance not only reaction form their environment but their also an actor to make their self a decision-maker. So in a learning process, observational learning formed in live modeling. This modeling has an effect of influencing a mindset of the student in their self-belief, such competencies, capabilities to accomplish a task this self-belief known as self-efficacy. In self-efficacy has one source that links with an observational learning process, there is a vicarious experience. This article will describe and discuss a synthesis about live modeling in observational learning, linkage with vicarious experience in self-efficacy, and how to live modeling to shape a student's self-efficacy and a stage in the group counseling process.

Bullying is one of the events that repeatedly arises in schools and associated to varies between individuals. One of the sources of bullying is the poor self-awareness held by students. Self-awareness is one of the students skill must acquire. However, in reality there are still many students who have poor self-awareness. This study tries to investigate the effectiveness of the Karpman Drama Triangle to build up students self-awareness using Quasi Experiment Design. The research subjects consisted of 15 junior high school students who had poor self-awareness. The results of the study indicated that the Karpman Drama Triangle was useful in enhancing students self-awareness to reduce bullying behavior. It also informs us that the Karpman Drama Triangle can be an option to develop students self-awareness in reducing conflicts and bullying behavior that exists between students. The difference in the status of self-awareness between students before and after treatment is expressed is also illustrated. The Karpman Drama Triangle can be an alternative solution for handling and facilitating students who have poor social interaction and growing conflict situations towards peacefully.

This research is motivated by the rise of violence in schools that have not been handled properly. The purpose of this study is to produce a product in the form of experiential learning-based guidance package to improve the empathy of elementary school students are theoretically effective and practical. The development model used is the adapted Borg and Gall model. Quantitative data was analyzed by quantitative calculation and input / suggestion was analyzed descriptively. The results of this study are teacher books and student books. Based on expert assessment and prospective user assessment in small group test, these two products are assessed to meet the development criteria of accuracy, usefulness, convenience, and attractiveness. The level of acceptability of both products is passably, judging from the expert assessment index and the assessment of potential users. Abstrak: Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh maraknya tindak kekerasan di lingkungan sekolah yang belum ditangani dengan tepat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menghasilkan produk berupa paket bimbingan berbasis experiential learning untuk meningkatkan empati siswa sekolah dasar yang efektif secara teoretik dan praktik. Model pengembangan yang digunakan adalah model Borg dan Gall yang diadaptasi. Data kuantitatif dianalisis dengan penghitungan kuantitatif dan masukan/saran dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini berupa buku guru dan buku siswa. Berdasarkan penilaian ahli dan penilaian calon pengguna dalam uji kelompok kecil, kedua produk ini dinilai memenuhi kriteria pengembangan berupa ketepatan, kegunaan, kemudahan, dan kemenarikan. Tingkat keberterimaan kedua produk cukup baik, dilihat dari indeks penilaian ahli dan penilaian calon pengguna.

In adolescence, adolescent to by dozens feel confronted many by change and demand quickly causing they experience of academic stress. Handling technique to overcome and reducing academic stress which selected is restructuring cognitive technique and problem based coping. Target of this research is to know do there is difference of restructuring cognitive technique and problem based coping to reduce academic stress student. Statistical analysis the used is wilcoxon signed ranks test advised of that restructuring cognitive technique and problem based coping both of the same effective to reduce academic stress student. But after analysed to use mann-whitney u-test obtained by result of that there is difference of restructuring cognitive technique and problem based coping in reduce academic stress student. Abstrak: Di masa remaja, tidak sedikit remaja merasa banyak dihadapkan oleh tuntutan dan perubahan cepat yang menyebabkan mereka mengalami stres akademik. Teknik penanganan untuk mengatasi dan mereduksi stres akademik yang dipilih adalah teknik restrukturisasi kognitif dan problem based coping . Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah ada perbedaan teknik restrukturisasi kognitif dan problem based coping untuk menurunkan stres akademik siswa. Analisis statistik nonparametrik yang digunakan adalah wilcoxon signed ranks test menunjukkan bahwa teknik restrukturisasi kognitif dan problem based coping sama-sama efektif untuk menurunkan stres akademik siswa. Namun setelah dianalisis menggunakan mann-whitney u-test diperoleh hasil bahwa ada perbedaan teknik restrukturisasi kognitif dan problem based coping dalam menurunkan stres akademik siswa.

The current number of working mothers has greatly increased. Subsequently, baby care has become a daily challenge for many families. Thus, most parents send their babies to their grandparents' house or to baby care houses. However, the parents cannot continuously monitor their babies' conditions either in normal or abnormal situations. Therefore, an Internet of Things-based Baby Monitoring System (IoT-BBMS) is proposed as an efficient and low-cost IoT-based system for monitoring in real time. We also proposed a new algorithm for our system that plays a key role in providing better baby care while parents are away. In the designed system, Node Micro-Controller Unit (NodeMCU) Controller Board is exploited to gather the data read by the sensors and uploaded via Wi-Fi to the AdaFruit MQTT server. The proposed system exploits sensors to monitor the baby's vital parameters, such as ambient temperature, moisture, and crying. A prototype of the proposed baby cradle has been designed using Nx Siemens software, and a red meranti wood is used as the material for the cradle. The system architecture consists of a baby cradle that will automatically swing using a motor when the baby cries. Parents can also monitor their babies' condition through an external web camera and switch on the lullaby toy located on the baby cradle remotely via the MQTT server to entertain the baby. The proposed system prototype is fabricated and tested to prove its effectiveness in terms of cost and simplicity and to ensure safe operation to enable the baby-parenting anywhere and anytime through the network. Finally, the baby monitoring system is proven to work effectively in monitoring the baby's situation and surrounding conditions according to the prototype.

Home automation systems have attracted considerable attention with the advancement of communications technology. A smart home (SH) is an Internet of Things (IoT) application that utilizes the Internet to monitor and control appliances using a home automation system. Lack of IoT technology usage, unfriendly user interface, limited wireless transmission range, and high costs are the limitations of existing home automation systems. Therefore, this study presents a cost-effective and hybrid (local and remote) IoT-based home automation system with a user-friendly interface for smartphones and laptops. A prototype called IoT@HoMe is developed with an algorithm to enable the monitoring of home conditions and automate the control of home appliances over the Internet anytime and anywhere. This system utilizes a node microcontroller unit (NodeMCU) as a Wi-Fi-based gateway to connect different sensors and updates their data to Adafruit IO cloud server. The collected data from several sensors (radio-frequency identification, ultrasonic, temperature, humidity, gas, and motion sensors) can be accessed via If This Then That (IFTTT) on users' devices (smartphones and/or laptops) over the Internet regardless of their location. A set of relays is used to connect the NodeMCU to homes under controlled appliances. The designed system is structured in a portable manner as a control box that can be attached for monitoring and controlling a real house. The proposed IoT-based system for home automation can easily and efficiently control appliances over the Internet and support home safety with autonomous operation. IoT@HoMe is a low cost and reliable automation system that reduces energy consumption and can notably provide convenience, safety, and security for SH residents.

Synthetic graphite was synthesized from oil palm trunk chip in controlled heating condition or pyrolysis process. The heating rate (5 °/min, 10 °/min and 20 °/min) were varied whilst the heating temperature at 800 °C was fixed. After heat treatment process, the samples were characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and analyzed using X’Pert Highscore Plus software. Graphite phase was analysed by XRD and it was further supported by RAMAN spectroscopy analysis to confirm the graphitic nature of the synthetic graphite obtained. The morphological study was carried out by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Based on the analysis, it was confirm that synthetic graphite was successfully synthesized by heat treatment at 800 °C (20 °/min heating rate). Synthetic graphite were observed in the form of amorphous carbon based on the XRD diffraction pattern that match with the reference code of 00-041-1487. RAMAN spectroscopy also showed the formation on D, G and 2D peaks at the respective wavenumber of 1250 cm-1, 1625 cm-1 and 2700 cm-1.

Penelitian yang dilakukan dengan Judul Peranan Audit Internal Terhadap Kualitas Laporan Keaungan Universitas Sulawesi Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui seberapa besar peranan uudit internal terhadap laporan keuangan Univseraitas Sulawesi Barat. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dan verifikatif. Dalam penelitian dan pembahasan ini yang menjadi populasi adalah Pegawai Audit Internal Universitas Sulawesi Barat dan pegawai Pengelolah Keuangan Universitas Sulawesi Barat. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode pengambilan sampel acak sederhana yang disebut jugaSimple Random Sampling, maka sampel yang diambil berjumlah 47 orang Pegawai. Kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah masih banyak faktor-faktor lain yang mampu menjelaskan variance integritas laporan sehingga perlu dikembangkan dalam review penelitian selanjutnya. Sampel yang digunakan terbatas pada perusahaan-perusahaan yang tidak teregulasi sehingga tidak dapat digeneralisir dan hanya periode amatan empat tahun. Proksi variabel independen mekanisme corporate governance hanya mengukur keberadaan komite audit dan komisaris independen, belum mampu menggambarkan efektivitas dan ukuran sesungguhnya

After the UNESCO inscription of Angklung as Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2010, the responsibility of the angklung custodian is harder. Angklung is not only must exist as a living culture but must also develop. At first, the inscription of angklung is essential to ascertain cultural identity from Indonesia. Besides, intellectual property law contributes a vital key to protect the community and individuals who create copyrighted subject matter based on angklung. Double protection for angklung in cultural and intellectual property also provides double consequences. The problem is, the relation between those two related institutions is weak. Moreover, the mechanism of protection between communal and individual intellectual proper is overlapping. Although the discussion in the IGC GRTKF is still an ongoing debate, Indonesia has regulated national regulation on TCEs with its problems in implementing legislation. Otherwise, the demand to protect the utilization of Angklung is high in this rapid and massive digital economy era. This article aims to harmonize legal instruments in cultural and intellectual property subject matter to realize comprehensive protection for Angklung and determine the implementation step of protection and utilization of Angklung in the digital economy era after the inscription of the UNESCO. After mapping the legal instruments regarding culture and intellectual property, the researcher concluded that it needs a grounded implementing legislation besides the existing legal instruments. The government cannot achieve the protection alone without willpower and coordination with custodians, artists, and educational institutions in preserving and developing Angklung.

An old coconut shell as a green biomass was known as a potential carbon materials for rGO and cost effectiveness. The objective of this study is synthesizing an rGO-like carbon (C) compound from coconut shells and inserting into LiFePO4 (LFP), as Li-ion battery cathode. Thus, an LFP/rGO nanocomposite was successfully fabricated using an unconventional approach which is the combination of the sol–gel technique and mechanical ultracentrifugation. LiFePO4 precursors were prepared from commercial starting materials, using the sol–gel technique, and the composites’ carbon weight content was varied between 15 and 30%. This process was subsequently followed by evaluating the microstructural characteristics and electrochemical properties as cathode for the Li-ion batteries. The results showed a high tendency of achieving maximum efficiency with merged LFP and rGO, although LFP molecules appear scattered but are firmly attached to each rGO structure, acting as a "bridge" between the surrounding particles. This reduced graphene oxide (rGO) link is relatively effective in limiting LFP grain growth as well as expanding the surface area, leading to a declined Li-ion diffusion rate. Consequently, the bridge presence also demonstrated a significant effect by enhancing the conductivity, electrical capacity, and performance of the LFP/rGO cycle than pure LFP. Furthermore, the percentage ratio of the synthesized LFP/rGO cathode (85:15) attained higher cycle capacity, compared to 70:30 on the level of 0.1 C, with specific discharging average of 128.03 mAhg−1 and retention capacity of 97.75% after 50 cycles, at room temperature and a rate of 0.1 C.

Australia’s endemic desert shrubs are commonly aromatic, with chemically diverse terpenes and phenylpropanoids in their headspace profiles. Species from the genus Eremophila (Scrophulariaceae ex. Myoporaceae) are the most common, with 215 recognised taxa and many more that have not yet been described, widely spread across the arid parts of the Australian continent. Over the years, our research team has collected multiple specimens as part of a survey to investigate the chemical diversity of the genus and create leads for further scientific enquiry. In the current study, the diversity of volatile compounds is studied using hydrodistilled essential oils and leaf solvent extracts from 30 taxa. Several rare terpenes and iridoids were detected in chemical profiles widely across the genus, and three previously undescribed sesquiterpenes were isolated and are assigned by 2D NMR—E-11(12)-dehydroisodendrolasin, Z-11-hydroxyisodendrolasin and 10-hydroxydihydro-α-humulene acetate. Multiple sampling from Eremophila longifolia, Eremophila arbuscular, Eremophila latrobei, Eremophila deserti, Eremophila sturtii, Eremophila oppositifolia and Eremophila alternifolia coneys that species in Eremophila are highly chemovariable. However, taxa are generally grouped according to the expression of (1) furanosesquiterpenes, (2) iridoids or oxides, (3) mixtures of 1 and 2, (4) phenylpropanoids, (5) non-furanoid terpenes, (6) mixtures of 4 and 5, and less commonly (7) mixtures of 1 and 5. Furthermore, GC–MS analysis of solvent-extracted leaves taken from cultivated specimens conveys that many heavier ‘volatiles’ with lower vapour pressure are not detected in hydrodistilled essential oils and have therefore been neglected in past chemical studies. Hence, our data reiterate that chemical studies of the genus Eremophila will continue to describe new metabolites and that taxon determination has limited predictive value for the chemical composition.

Academic stress is an imbalance between task completion and one's ability to complete it. Academic stress in higher education often occurs in students, especially final year students. The inability to complete the task ultimately makes academic stress caused by factors of self efficacy, social support and self-esteem that is not owned by the students themselves. This study aim to understand the majority of these factors towards student academic pressure. The research is quantitative correlational, in which the research sample used is the students of the final semester of 2015 and 2016 in the Guidance and Counseling study program with a total of 86 people, with a scale of instruments Social Support, Self Efficicacy, Self Esteem, and Academic Stress that have been available at Morgan-Jinks Student Efficacy Scale (MJSES), Self Esteem Inventory (SEI), Interpersonal Supports Evaluation List (ISEL), and academic stress scale. The results showed that self-efficacy did not have a significant effect on academic stress; (2) self-esteem gives an insignificant influence in accademic stress; (3) social support for student academic stress; (4) academic stress can be represented by self-efficacy, and support social, and self-esteem by 29.9%, or in other words supporting self-efficacy, self-esteem, and social support for academic stress by 29.9%, also by 70, 1%, (5) social supports, self efficacy, self-esteem, and social supports for academic stress have an effective contribution to variable self efficacy to academic stress by 6.0%; (6) effective contribution of self-esteem variables to academic stress by 0.6%; (7) the contribution of an effective variable of social support to academic stress by 27.0%.Abstrak: Stres akademik merupakan ketidakseimbangan antara tuntutan tugas dengan kemampuan seseorang untuk menyelesaikannya.. Stres akademik diperguruan tinggi sering terjadi pada mahasiswa, terutama mahasiswa tingkat akhir. Ketidakmampuan menyelesaikan tugas akhir sehingga menimbulkan kondisi stress akademik disebabkan oleh faktor self efficacy dukungan sosial dan self esteem yang tidak dimiliki oleh mahasiswa itu sendiri. Penelitian ini untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian yaitu korelasi antara ketiga faktor terebut terhadap munculnya stress akademik mahasiswa. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif korelasional, dengan sampel 86 mahasiswa program studi Bimbingan dan Konseling. Instrumen yang digunakan skala Self Eficacy, Self Esteem, Dukungan Sosial dan Stress akademik yang sudah diadaptasi Morgan-Jinks Students Efficacy Scale (MJSES), Self Esteem Inventory (SEI), Interpersonal Support Evaluation List (ISEL), dan skala stress akademik. Hasil penelitian menunjukan self efficacy memberikan pengaruh yang signifikanterhadap stres akademik; (2) self esteem memberikan pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap stres akademik; (3) dukungan sosial secara signifikan memberikan pengaruh terhadap stress akademik mahasiswa; (4) stres akademikmampu direpresentasikan oleh self efficacy, self esteem, dan dukungan sosial sebesar 29.9%, atau dengan kata lain kontribusi self efficacy, self esteem, dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademiksebesar 29.9%, sedangkan sisanya sebesar 70.1%, (5) self efficacy, self esteem, dan dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik memiliki sumbangan efektif variabel self efficacy terhadap stres akademik sebesar 6.0%; (6) sumbangan efektif variabel self esteem terhadap stres akademik sebesar 0.6%; (7) sumbangan efektif variabel dukungan sosial terhadap stres akademik sebesar 27.0%.

Based on the data of drilling rigs working in Malaysia from 2014 to 2020 as per shown below, it can be concluded that, historically the demand for rig in Malaysia is very dynamic and it was influenced by mainly the brent price albeit a delayed impact. The red line showed the Brent Price. With the dynamic of the demand, a systematic and well-organized methodology to develop an integrated rig sequence was essential. It is to ensure all rigs were planned accordingly and successfully acquire in time to ensure the projects can be executed as per expectation. A glimpse on the outcome of having an integrated planning between all the parties related such as host authority, project planners, procurement team, and rig planning team together with a right tool is essential to sequence and plan the projects and the drilling rigs requirement.

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a lightweight insulating polymer that possesses good mechanical stability. On the other hand, polyaniline (PANi) is one of the most favorable conducting materials to be used, as it is easily synthesized, cost-effective, and has good conductivity. However, most organic solvents have restricted potential applications due to poor mechanical properties and dispersibility. Compared to PANi, PMMA has more outstanding physical and chemical properties, such as good dimensional stability and better molecular interactions between the monomers. To date, many research studies have focused on incorporating PANi into PMMA. In this review, the properties and suitability of PANi as a conducting material are briefly reviewed. The major parts of this paper reviewed different approaches to incorporating PANi into PMMA, as well as evaluating the modifications to improve its conductivity. Finally, the polymerization condition to prepare PMMA/PANi copolymer to improve its conductivity is also discussed.

The evolution of internal compressive stress from the intermetallic compound (IMC) Cu6Sn5 growth is commonly acknowledged as the key inducement initiating the nucleation and growth of tin (Sn) whisker. This study investigates the effect of Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni on the nucleation and growth of Sn whisker under continuous mechanical stress induced. The Sn-0.7Cu-0.05Ni solder joint has a noticeable effect of suppression by diminishing the susceptibility of nucleation and growth of Sn whisker. By using a synchrotron micro X-ray fluorescence (µ-XRF) spectroscopy, it was found that a small amount of Ni alters the microstructure of Cu6Sn5 to form a (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 intermetallic layer. The morphology structure of the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 interfacial intermetallic layer and Sn whisker growth were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in secondary and backscattered electron imaging mode, which showed that there is a strong correlation between the formation of Sn whisker and the composition of solder alloy. The thickness of the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 IMC interfacial layer was relatively thinner and more refined, with a continuous fine scallop-shaped IMC interfacial layer, and consequently enhanced a greater incubation period for the nucleation and growth of the Sn whisker. These verification outcomes proposes a scientifically foundation to mitigate Sn whisker growth in lead-free solder joint.

The synthetic graphite was produced from oil palm trunk waste at much more lower heating temperature compared to the commercially graphite available in the market, which is produce at the temperature of 2500 °C and above by using inorganic and non-waste sources. However, synthetic graphite being used in this study produced from oil palm trunk waste at the heating temperature of 800 °C, 20 ° per minute heating rate with soaking time 2 hours. The synthetic graphite produce from oil palm trunk waste was less dense than commercial graphite about two times. This synthetic graphite produce from oil palm trunk waste will be further exfoliated to produce graphene oxide through modification of Hummers’ method. The modification has been done in terms of amount of chemical being used in exfoliation process. The amount of chemical been used is triple up from the normal amount. The Graphene Oxide obtained was further characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR). From XRD analysis, the graphene oxide peak was observed from 10 to 11 degrees at 2Θ for sample of graphene oxide from triple amount of chemical being used. From the study of AFM, the single layer of graphene oxide also presents in the sample of the graphene oxide produce from triple parameters. All of the functional groups present in graphene oxide produced from commercial graphite also present in graphene oxide produced from oil palm trunk waste with triple parameter.

Graphene oxide (GO) dispersion in different solvents has been investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), UV-Vis spectrometer, densimeter and Semiconductor Parameter Analyzer (SPA). GO was prepared by modified Hummers method and dispersed in different solvents, namely acetone (A-GO), ethanol (E-GO) and deionized water (DIW-GO) Full exfoliation of each dispersion was achieved by sonication. The prepared GO dispersions has been compared with raw graphite during characterization and conductivity analysis. From FTIR analysis, peak characteristics of GO can be observed at 3595 cm−1 (E-GO), 3740 cm-1 (A-GO) and 3733 cm−1 (DIW-GO) which correspond to hydroxyl group. In UV-Vis spectra analysis, two major absorbance peaks around 230 nm which correspond to л-л* transitions can be observed in all GO dispersions except for graphite. It is found that E-GO had the highest density value (2.26 g/cm3). Result obtained by SPA analysis shows that the highest resistance value (Ω) is denoted by DIW-GO (5.81x107 Ω) followed by graphite (4.86x106Ω), A-GO (4.59x106 Ω) and E-GO (3.69 x106 Ω) respectively. The results reported in this study could serve as a basis to facilitate the fabrication of GO material in various applications.