101. Clinical and Immune Responses to Inactivated Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Vaccine in Children
- Author
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Emmanuel B. Walter, Sara A. Healy, Janet A. Englund, Natasha B. Halasa, Karen L. Kotloff, Mark Wolff, Rowena J. Dolor, Christopher J. Harrison, Ina Stephens, James C. King, Diana L. Noah, Heather Hill, Kathryn M. Edwards, and C. Buddy Creech
- Subjects
Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests ,Adolescent ,Antibodies, Viral ,Article ,law.invention ,Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype ,Immune system ,Double-Blind Method ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Influenza, Human ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,Live attenuated influenza vaccine ,Child ,Adverse effect ,business.industry ,Immunogenicity ,Infant ,virus diseases ,Virology ,respiratory tract diseases ,Vaccination ,Infectious Diseases ,Vaccines, Inactivated ,Influenza Vaccines ,Child, Preschool ,Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health ,Immunology ,Female ,business - Abstract
As the influenza A H1N1 pandemic emerged in 2009, children were found to experience high morbidity and mortality and were prioritized for vaccination. This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, age-stratified trial assessed the safety and immunogenicity of inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine in healthy children aged 6 months to 17 years.Children received 2 doses of approximately 15 or 30 µg hemagglutin antigen 21 days apart. Reactogenicity was assessed for 8 days after each dose, adverse events through day 42, and serious adverse events or new-onset chronic illnesses through day 201. Serum hemagglutination inhibition titers were measured on days 0 (prevaccination), 8, 21, 29 and 42.A total of 583 children received the first dose and 571 received the second dose of vaccine. Vaccinations were generally well-tolerated and no related serious adverse events were observed. The 15 µg dosage elicited a seroprotective hemagglutination inhibition (≥ 1:40) in 20%, 47% and 93% of children in the 6-35 month, 3-9 year and 10-17 year age strata 21 days after dose 1 and in 78%, 82% and 98% of children 21 days after dose 2, respectively. The 30 µg vaccine dosage induced similar responses.The inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine exhibited a favorable safety profile at both dosage levels. While a single 15 or 30 µg dose induced seroprotective antibody responses in most children 10-17 years of age, younger children required 2 doses, even when receiving dosages 4- to 6-fold higher than recommended. Well-tolerated vaccines are needed that induce immunity after a single dose for use in young children during influenza pandemics.
- Published
- 2014