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A 5-year-old Siberian Husky female dog was referred with concerned maggots and legs paralysis.The dogwas examined clinically and radiographically. Shewas positive of E. canisand Anaplasma. Major clinical signshowed thedog unable to lift the body. Neurological exam was performed, deep pain on all limbs were delayed.The dog got wound treatment and electro-acupuncturethrough perpendicular insertion into acupuncturepoints: BL-23, BL-26, BL-40, BL-60, ST-36, and LIV-3for 20 minutes/day, 70 Hz and 5A,continuously,for 15 daysand then reduce to 3 times/week.Significant improvements were observed,finally the dog beingrecovered.Thiscase showed favorable therapeutic response by alternative treatment.

This is a mapping study conducted to evaluate the characteristics of where content that engages in perspectives or attitudes on female dog spaying is published. Three databases, CAB Direct, PubMed, and Scopus, were systematically searched. There were 84 out of 642 papers identified and screened for relevance on attitudes or perceptions on female canine spaying. These 84 articles were then examined for recurring authors, institutional representation, and publisher information. Additionally, information regarding the population being addressed, veterinarian or client, was noted with most literature addressing the veterinary perspective. Many important articles were published in a wide array of journals from many countries, which suggests the importance of not only browsing journals but also searching for relevant literature in databases like CAB Abstracts and MEDLINE.

Bu çalışma iki temel bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde ovariohisterektomi yöntemiyle elde edilen köpek ovaryumlarının +4 °C ve +38,5 °C taşıma sıcaklığında transportunun maturasyona üzerine etkilerinin neler olduğu hedeflenmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ise köpek oositlerinin in vitro olgunlaştırılması için medyumuna katılan %0,3 BSA ve % 5 FCS protein kaynaklarının etkilerinin karşılaştırılması amacıyla planlanmıştır. Ovario-histerektomi yapılmış köpeklerden alınan ovaryum çiftlerinden biri +4 °C'da diğeri +38,5 °C'da antibiyotik katkılı (Gentamisin Sülfat, 50 mg/ml) PBS solüsyonunu içeren iki farklı kab içersinde 2 saat süresinde laboratuvar ortamına getirilmiştir. Ovaryumlar çevresindeki fazla yağ ve dokudan arındırıldıktan sonra yıkanıp (+38 ºC) PBS içine konuldu. Slicing yöntemiyle elde edilen oositler yıkama petrilerine aktarıldı. In vitro olgunlaştırma için ayrılacak oositlerin seçiminde sağlam bir zona pellusida, en az 3-4 sıra kumulus hücresi, homojen ve zona içini dolduran koyu renkli vitellüs varlığı kriterleri göz önünde bulunarak oosit seçimleri yapıldı. Her iki ısı derecesi içinde üçerli çalışma grupları en az iki saat öncesinden hazırlanmış, üzeri mineral yağ (Sigma) ile örtülmüş, antibiyotik katılmış (Gentamisin Sülfat, 50 mg/ml) +38 °C ve %5 CO2 'liinkübatör ortamında bekletilmiş bulunan altı farklı olgunlaşma medyumuna (Hepes Modifikasyonlu TCM 199, Sigma M-2520) aktarılmıştır. +4 ºC Taşıma Sıcaklığı İçin; 1. Grup (Kontrol):TCM 199+2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol), 2. Grup (BSA):TCM199+% 0,3 BSA (Fraction V, Sigma A8806)+ 2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol), 3. Grup(FCS):TCM199+%5 FCS (Fetal Calf Serum Biochrom S 0115)+ 2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol) +38,5 ºC Taşıma Sıcaklığı İçin; 4. Grup (Kontrol):TCM 199+2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol), 5. Grup (BSA):TCM199+% 0,3 BSA (Fraction V ,Sigma A8806)+ 2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol), 6. Grup (FCS):TCM199+%5 FCS (Fetal Calf Serum Biochrom S 0115)+ 2,2 gr/lt NaHCO3+0,23 mM Na Pyruvate (pH: 7,3; Ozmalite:288 mOsmol) Daha sonra oositler Germinal Vezikül (GV) aşamasından MII aşamasına gelebilmesi için % 5 CO2 ve % 100'e yakın nemin sağlandığı +38,5 ºC'lık inkübatör ortamında 72 saat olgunlaştırıldı. Olgunlaşma süresinin sonunda oositlerin kumulüs hücreleri vorteks kullanılarak mekanik olarak uzaklaştırıldı. Ardından % 0,7 lik KCl solüsyonunda 4-5 dakika bekletildikten sonra lam-lamel arasında sıkıştırılarak sabitlendi. Hoechst 33258 solüsyonu ile boyandı. Oositlerin değerlendirilmesinde Ki Kare testi kullanıldı. P

Benefits and risks of spaying on the behaviour of female dogs are controversially discussed. Increased aggressiveness and male urinary behaviour were postulated to be the consequence of masculinization after spaying in some female dogs. To investigate if spaying or its timing relative to the onset of puberty may have a masculinization effect, urinary behaviour, that is, frequency of urination, urinary posture and ground scratching after urination were recorded in 58 female Labrador Retrievers during 15 min of a daily walk with their owners. General behaviour of the dogs during the walks was assessed using an owner questionnaire. Data were analysed for age, reproductive status, lifetime of ovary exposure and/or time interval since spaying. Urinary behaviour of intact females (n = 12) and dogs spayed before (n = 17) or after (n = 29) puberty was similar and not influenced by age, lifetime of ovary exposure and/or time interval since spaying. Owners of spayed dogs described more frequent or more intense fear reaction in their animals in response to loud noises, unfamiliar objects approaching on or near the sidewalk, or if they were approached by unknown dogs barking, growling or jumping. In conclusion, we found no evidence of a masculinization effect after spaying on urinary behaviour in female Labrador Retrievers. In contrast to popular belief, gonadectomy did not inevitably result in a behaviourally more stable dog. Extrapolation of our findings from female Labrador Retrievers to other breeds should be performed with caution, as the effect of spaying on behaviour may differ among dog breeds.

徽州方言は旧徽州府を中心とした地域で話される漢語方言の総称であり， 主に現在の安徽省南部に、また一部は江西省北部に分布している。2015-2016年に実施した方言調査によれば， 徽州で “雌犬”の総称を表す語形は「狗娘」、「草狗」、「雌狗」、「母狗」の四類型がある。 本稿は上述した語形の地理的分布を分析しながら徽州の歴史，文化などを結合し，「狗娘」＞「草狗」＞「雌狗」＞「母狗」という通時的変化が発生したと推定する。 また， 外部方言の影響は徽州の“雌犬”の地理的分布の形成に貢献した最も重要な原因だと言える。, The Huizhou dialect herein refers to a Chinese dialect group mainly spoken within the old Huizhou region spanning from the southern region of the Anhui Province to the northern part of the Jiangxi Province. According to field research conducted during 2015 -2016, four lexical forms are used to refer to female dog in the Huizhou dialect : gouniang狗娘caogou 草狗，cigou雌狗，and mugou母狗. This paper shows the geographical distribution of the four lexical forms cited above. Subsequently, taking into consideration the factors of history and culture, a conclusion was derived that in the Huizhou dialect, the lexical forms for female dog underwent chronological changes in the order of gouniang狗娘> caogou草狗>cigou雌狗>mugou母狗. In addition, it is believed that external dialectal influence, from outside the Huizhou area, has greatly contributed to the formation of distinct geographical distributions of these forms.

The aim of this case presentation is to report microtia and anotia in a 3‑year‑old female dog. Owner complained about hearing loss and absence of auricles. There were no auricles in both control ears in clinical examination. Degree of the hearing problem was nearly deafness. A fistula was determined in left lateral cranial side. Grade III microtia and grade IV anotia were diagnosed in the ear canal of the left and right sides, respectively. Under general anesthesia, the dog underwent auricular reconstructive surgery for microtia on the left side. Two weeks after operation, the owner evaluated the patient’s hearing as moderate. This finding was clinically confirmed through performance of the Pyror’s reflex. In conclusion, grade III microtia can be treated surgically to improve the conductive hearing of the patient. Bu olgu sunumunun amacı 3 yaşındaki dişi bir köpekteki mikrotia ve anotiayı rapor etmektir. Hasta sahibinin şikayeti işitme kaybı ve kulakların olmamasıydı. Klinik muayenede kontrol edilen her iki kulakta, kulak kepçeleri yoktu. İşitme problem derecesi sağırlığa yakındı. Sol tarafta fistül belirlendi. Kulak kanalında III. derece mikrotia ve IV. derece anotia sol ve sağ tarafta belirtilen sıra ile belirlendi. Hastada genel anestezi ile sol aurikulada rekonstruktif cerrahi planlandı. Operasyondan 2 hafta sonra hasta sahibi işitme düzeyinin orta seviye olduğunu değerlendirdi. Bu bulgu, klinik olarak yapılan Pyror’s testi ile teyit edildi. Sonuç olarak, III. derece mikrotia hastada işitme kaybını iyileştirmek için cerrahi olarak düzeltilebilir.

A traqueia é uma estrutura tubular que se estende desde o corpo do áxis até a quinta vértebra torácica, onde se bifurca nos brônquios principais sobre a base do coração. Embora seja raro em cães e gatos, existem relatos de massa traqueal intraluminal, seja não neoplásica, benigna ou massas neoplásicas malignas, que podem, inclusive, causar obstrução dinâmica da traqueia. A radiografia é uma técnica bastante útil para identificação e definição de uma doença de trato respiratório inferior, incluindo técnicas contrastadas que delineiam a traqueia. Neste relato de caso, uma fêmea da espécie canina, raça dogue alemão, com 2 anos de idade, foi atendida para realização de um exame radiográfico do tórax, cuja queixa principal era tosse intensa. Realizaram-se radiografias simples e contrastadas, em que foi observada estrutura radiopaca em região da traqueia. Após o exame radiográfico, realizou-se a traqueobroncoscopia, podendo ser visibilizada uma massa intraluminal na traqueia, com retirada de fragmento para análise histopatológica, podendo assim ser diagnosticado leiomioma. Com isso, mostra-se a importância dos exames de imagem em casos de diagnósticos de tumores endotraqueais.

The aim of this research was to calculate an estimated population of dogs, dog population ratio comparison against their area, the household, the number of owners, and the gender as well as to find out the level of knowledge towards risk of rabies to dog owners at Jorong in Padang Ganting Sub-district. The respondents were the people at 4 jorong Padang Ganting Sub-district who kept the dogs at home and willing to be interviewed. This research was conducted in the form of field surveys. Data was collected by interviewing people who rose the dogs using a form and a structured questionnaire. Data retrieval was composed of secondary and primary data. Secondary data was taken from the animal husbandry and fisheries at Tanah Datar district. Data were analyzed using descriptive methods. The results showed that the population of dogs at 4 ellipse were the ellipse Koto Gadang Hilir, Koto Alam, Koto Gadang, Rajo Dani were 140, 117, 124, 115. There were any differences between the number of households with dog owners, the number of households with dogs, the number of dogs with owners dogs, and area with dogs, male and female dogs, a male dog with dog owners, a female dog with dog owners. Respondents generally maintained more than one dog with rearing cages. The purpose of maintenance dog was a hunting dog and gave the vaccination. From this research, also known the knowledge of the owner to the risk of rabies at Padang Ganting Sub-district and good in categories

The aim of work was to describe a remaining uterine mesonephric duct cyst in female Pinscherdog, with 8 years old. The main complaint of the owner was no heat at least 18 months. Clinicalexamination revealed presence of cysts in all teats, confirmed by cytopathologic exam.Haemogram, serum biochemical exams, urinalysis, radiographs of the thorax and abdominalultrasound were performed and no changes were observed. During the ovaryhysterectomy wasobserved endometrial hyperplasia and the histopathologic diagnosis was remaining uterinemesonephric duct cyst associated with discrete endometrial hyperplasia. Was concluded thatadequate histopathologycal identification of the uterine mesonephric duct cyst is crucial so donot mistake with neoplasia.

Visualization and clear understanding of the ovarian structures are important in determining the stage of oestrus, helping to diagnose several pathologies and supporting advances in reproductive technologies. In this research, computerized microtomography (microCT) was used to explore and characterize the ovarian structure of seven mammalian species. Ovaries of rats, female dog, queens, cows, mares, sows and a female donkey were used. After microCT scanning, the same samples were prepared for histologic evaluation, used here as a validation criterion. It was possible to distinguish regions of the cortex and medulla, visualize the morphology and distribution of blood vessels, clearly observe corpus luteum and antral follicles, and visualize oocytes inside some antral follicles. This is the first report using microCT to explore and compare ovarian structures in several domestic mammals. MicroCT revealed great potential for the evaluation of ovarian structures. This research open prospects for the use of computerized tomography (CT) as a non-invasive approach to studying ovarian structures in live animals, which may be especially attractive for scientific study of development of ovarian structures and/or ovarian pathologies in small animals’ models.

The Thai Bangkaew dog is a Spitz-type dog that originated in Thailand. Legend has it that the dog is descended from hybrids between a native female dog and a male wild canid. To examine the mysterious story about the ancestry of the Thai Bangkaew dog's paternal lineage, sequence variation was examined for the last intron of the Y-chromosome-specific zinc-finger gene, ZFY, and its X homolog for male Thai Bangkaew dogs and other male Thai canids, including the Thai ridgeback and mixed breed dogs, Asiatic jackals (Canis aureus) and a dhole (Cuon alpinus). A 1075-bp ZFY segment from DNA samples of Thai Bangkaew dogs was found to be 100% identical to the domestic dog ZFY and (if gaps are allowed) showed 81% and 92% identity to jackal ZFY and dhole ZFY, respectively. However, if gaps were treated as missing data, the 1045-bp ZFY sequence for the Thai Bangkaew dogs was 100% identical to domestic dog ZFY and 99.5% to jackal ZFY and dhole ZFY, respectively. In addition, the 959-bp Thai Bangkaew ZFX fragments were identical and showed 100% identity to domestic dog ZFX. These genetic data suggest that the Thai Bangkaew dogs still present today share a common male ancestor with modern dogs, rather than being the descendants of dhole or jackal/dog hybrids.

application/pdf, The atypical cutaneous tumor of a 9-year-old mixed breed female dog was examined. The tumor was well-demarcated and histologically composed of a trichoblastic area, tricholemmal area and apocrine glandular area. Neoplastic cells in trichoblastic area and tricholemmal area had PAS-positive granules in the cytoplasm and were positive for pan-cytokeratin, cytokeratin 5/6, 14 and 19 and p63. Neoplastic cells in trichoblastic area were also positive for cytokeratin 15 and CD34. Neoplastic cells in apocrine glandular area were positive for pan-cytokeratin and cytokeratin 7,18 and 19. Myoepithelial cell proliferation with osteocartilaginous metaplasia was observed in this area. Since neoplastic cells showed multiphenotypic differentiation for hair follicles and apocrine glands, the present case was diagnosed as a cutaneous mixed tumor.

International audience; Recent studies focusing on the interspecific communicative interactions between humans and dogs show that owners use a special speech register when addressing their dog. This register, called pet-directed speech (PDS), has prosodic and syntactic features similar to that of infant-directed speech (IDS). While IDS prosody is known to vary according to the context of the communication with babies, we still know little about the way owners adjust acoustic and verbal PDS features according to the type of interaction with their dog. The aim of the study was therefore to explore whether the characteristics of women's speech depend on the nature of interaction with their dog. We recorded 34 adult women interacting with their dog in four conditions: before a brief separation, after reuniting, during play and while giving commands. Our results show that before separation women used a low pitch, few modulations, high intensity variations and very few affective sentences. In contrast, the reunion interactions were characterized by a very high pitch, few imperatives and a high frequency of affectionate nicknames. During play, women used mainly questions and attention-getting devices. Finally when commanding, women mainly used imperatives as well as attention-getting devices. Thus, like mothers using IDS, female owners adapt the verbal as well as the non-verbal characteristics of their PDS to the nature of the interaction with their dog, suggesting that the intended function of these vocal utterances remains to provide dogs with information about their intentions and emotions.

Spaying of female dogs is a widespread practice, performed primarily for population control. While the consequences of early spaying for health are still being debated, the consequences for behaviour are believed to be negligible. The current study focused on the reported behaviour of 8981 female dogs spayed before 520 weeks (ten years) of life for reasons other than behavioural management, and calculated their percentage lifetime exposure to gonadal hormones (PLGH) as a proportion of their age at the time of being reported to the online Canine Behavioral Assessment and Research Questionnaire (C-BARQ). We found that 23 behaviours differed between entire and spayed dogs, of which 12 were associated with PLGH and 5 with age-at-spay (AAS). Two behaviours, chewing and howling, were significantly more likely in dogs with longer PLGH. In contrast, longer PLGH was associated with significantly reduced reporting of 10 (mostly unwelcome) behaviours. Of these, one related to fearfulness and three to aggression. The current data suggest that dogs' tendency to show numerous behaviours can be influenced by the timing of spaying. They indicate how female dog behaviour matures when gonadal hormones are allowed to have their effect. The differences reported here between undesirable behaviours of spayed and entire dogs were in the range of 5.33% and 7.22%, suggesting that, for some dogs, partial or complete denial of maturation may reduce howling and chewing and improve retrieval and recall, but have other undesirable consequences. Veterinarians may take these data into account to discuss the risks and benefits of spaying with clients, and the timing of the procedure.

Background and Aim: Ovariohysterectomy (OHE) is a common procedure for sterilization of female dogs. However, knowledge of changes in pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power status before, during, and after OHE is limited. The objective of this experiment was to study the effect of duration on pain stress, oxidative stress, and total antioxidant power status in female dogs undergoing OHE. Materials and Methods: Seven female dogs were sterilized using the OHE method. Pain scores, hematological changes, and biochemical markers were investigated during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3, 7, 10, and 14 of an experimental period. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance. Results: At 3 days after OHE, pain score was higher than on days 7-14 of the experimental period; percentage of neutrophil, 3 h after starting OHE, was higher than during pre-operative and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; percentage of lymphocyte on days 10-14 was lower than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-7 of the experimental period; neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, 3 h after starting OHE, was higher than during pre-operative and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; plasma malondialdehyde on day 3 was higher than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-14 of the experimental period; and total antioxidant power on day 14 was higher than during pre-operative, 3 h after starting OHE, and on days 3-10 of the experimental period, respectively. Conclusion: This experiment indicated that OHE caused pain stress, oxidative stress, and reduction of total antioxidant power in female dogs. Finally, female dogs needed antioxidant for 7 days after OHE.

Streptococcus canis is a β-hemolytic bacterium that can cause invasive infections in animals and humans. Here, we report a draft genome sequence of S. canis strain OT1, isolated from a female dog owner with bacteremia without a dog bite. The draft genome comprises 2,030,366 bp in 48 contigs.

Submitted by Talita Beani Corsini (talita.beani@unesp.br) on 2019-10-30T18:53:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DISSERTAÇÃO MESTRADO - FINAL.pdf: 794547 bytes, checksum: 0d61338d97587beaa423699040d95675 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Helena Vitta Zoratti (adriana.zoratti@unesp.br) on 2019-10-31T13:27:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 corsini_tb_me_jabo.pdf: 794547 bytes, checksum: 0d61338d97587beaa423699040d95675 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-31T13:27:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 corsini_tb_me_jabo.pdf: 794547 bytes, checksum: 0d61338d97587beaa423699040d95675 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-07-19 A glândula mamária é o segundo sítio mais comum de desenvolvimento tumoral em cadelas. Uma das formas de estadiamento destes tumores é avaliar a presença ou ausência de metástase à distância, inclusive na medula óssea. Este achado, na Medicina, associa-se a baixa sobrevida de mulheres com tumores mamários, porém na Medicina Veterinária esse estadiamento clínico é mais utilizado para pacientes com linfomas e mastocitomas. Estudos que utilizem a biópsia de medula óssea como método de pesquisa de estadiamento em tumores mamários são escassos. Desta forma o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar lesões mamárias e a medula óssea de 36 cadelas, buscando-se células tumorais disseminadas ou focos metastáticos. Para isso realizou-se a análise histopatológica dos tumores de mama, linfonodos e medula óssea dessas cadelas, corados com Hematoxilina e Eosina. Na medula óssea também foram utilizadas a coloração com Tricrômio de Masson, para avaliação de fibrose medular, e a imunohistoquímica, para a pesquisa de micrometástase. O carcinoma em tumor misto grau I fora o mais observado (18,08%), não havendo diferença estatística com relação ao tamanho tumoral e a presença de metástase em linfonodos. Na medula óssea de uma cadela com carcinossarcoma (4,35%) houve marcação citoplasmática de uma provável célula tumoral disseminada, de origem epitelial, com o anticorpo citoqueratina-19 pela imunohistoquímica. Nenhuma das cadelas que apresentou diminuição da celularidade ou fibrose medular (Tricrômio de Masson) ou tiveram marcação celular para citoqueratina. Conclui-se então que a avaliação da medula óssea pode ser utilizada como um método de estadiamento do tumor de mama em cadelas, pois células tumorais disseminadas apresentam potencial de se tornarem lesões secundárias bem como se disseminarem para focos distantes, causando metástases terciárias num período de tempo indeterminado. The mammary glands are the second most common site of tumour development in female dogs. One way of staging these tumours is evaluate the presence or absence of distant metastasis, including those in the bone marrow. In Medicine, this finding is associated with the low survival of women with breast tumours, but in Veterinary Medicine this clinical staging is more used for patients with lymphomas and mast cells tumours. Studies using bone marrow biopsy as a method of staging research in breast tumours are scarce. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate mammary lesions of 36 female dogs, as well as the bone marrow of them, searching for disseminated tumour cells or metastatic foci. For this, we performed histopathological analysis of mammary gland tumours, lymph node and bone marrow of these dogs, stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The Masson's trichrome staining was also used for the evaluation of bone marrow fibrosis and immunohistochemical technique for a micrometastasis research. Carcinoma in grade I mixed tumour was the most observed (18.08%), with no statistical difference between tumour size and lymph-node metastasis. In the bone marrow of a bitch with carcinosarcoma (4.35%) a probable disseminated tumor cell of epitelial origin was found using cytokeratin-19 antibody by immunohistochemistry technique. None of the female dogs presented decreased cellularity or bone marrow fibrosis (Masson's trichrome) or had cell labeling for cytokeratin. It is concluded that bone marrow evaluation can be used as a method of staging mammary tumour in female dogs, since disseminated tumor cells have the potential to become secondary lesions as well as spread to distant foci, causing tertiary metastases in an undetermined period of time.

Submitted by Patrícia de Faria Lainetti (patricia.lainetti@unesp.br) on 2019-08-23T14:39:10Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DEFESA enviado pós-graduação2.pdf: 10947640 bytes, checksum: e6809abf0e21d93847c75844a7512472 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2019-08-23T17:21:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lainetti_pf_me_bot_par.pdf: 1875357 bytes, checksum: a77d5e0cc123f345186f40a7671584fc (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-23T17:21:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lainetti_pf_me_bot_par.pdf: 1875357 bytes, checksum: a77d5e0cc123f345186f40a7671584fc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-06-27 Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) As neoplasias estão se tornando cada vez mais comuns entre os animas domésticos, seja devido a maior expectativa de vida ou pelo avanço dos métodos diagnósticos e tratamentos. As neoplasias mamárias são o tipo mais comum de neoplasias entre as fêmeas caninas. A procura por novos tratamentos e/ou tratamentos específicos para os animais é cada vez mais comum frente à esse quadro. A rapamicina é um fármaco antifúngico com atividade antitumoral, que atua inibindo o complexo mTOR, já testada para o tratamento de neoplasias em diferentes órgãos em humanos, podendo ser uma alternativa no tratamento de neoplasias em cães. Devido ao grande número de repetições que os ensaios com fármacos necessitam, o cultivo celular in vitro é uma alternativa inicial para a descoberta de novos medicamentos eficazes no tratamento dessa espécie, além de também se tornar um ensaio pré-clínico. O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar o efeito da rapamicina em células de tumores mamários primários e suas respectivas metástases de cadelas, cultivadas in vitro. Foram utilizados dois tipos histológicos tumores de mama, provenientes do tumor primário e suas respectivas metástases. Após a colheita, as amostras foram classificadas por histopatologia como carcinoma sólido grau III e carcinoma adenoescamoso, como tumores triplo negativos não basal pela imuno-histoquímica e tanto os tumores primários como suas metástases apresentaram expressão positiva para as proteínas PTEN, AKT, mTOR e 4EBP1 na imunofluorescência. Parte do tecido tumoral foi cultivado in vitro e as células foram avaliadas quanto a morfologia e fenótipo celular, expressão gênica (qPCR) e viabilidade celular (MTT). Os genes validados pela qPCR foram AKT, mTOR e PTEN, relacionados com a via AKT-mTOR. A expressão do gene PTEN estava diminuída e do mTOR aumentada nas células de tumores primários, quando comparadas as suas metastases. O tratamento com rapamicina e ensaio MTT foram viii realizados nas concentrações de 2, 5, 10 e 12 μM, por 24, 48 e 72 h. O ensaio de MTT mostrou que para uma diminuição de 50% da viabilidade celular, a concentração de rapamicina deve ser 2 μM para o carcinoma adenoescamoso e 10 μM para metástase. Para o carcinoma sólido grau III e sua respectiva metástase, a concentração utilizada foi de 12 μM. A rapamicina teve um resultado satisfatório na inibição do crescimento dos dois tipos celulares utilizados nesse estudo. Neoplasms are becoming increasingly common among animals, whether due to longer life expectancy or new diagnostic methods and treatments. Breast neoplasms are the most common type of neoplasm among canine females. The search for new treatments and / or specific treatments for animals is increasingly common in this context. Rapamycin is an antifungal drug with antitumor activity, which acts to inhibit the mTOR comple. It was already tested for the treatment of neoplasms in different organs in humans and may be an alternative in the treatment of neoplasms in dogs. Due to the large number of replicates required by drug assays, in vitro cell culture is an early alternative for the discovery of new drugs that might be effective in treatment of this species, as well as becoming a preclinical assay. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of rapamycin on primary and metastatic mammary dog tumor on in vitro cultured cells. Two histological types of neoplastic cells from the primary tumor and their respective metastases were used. After collection, the samples were classified by histopathology as grade III solid carcinoma and adenosquamous carcinoma, as non-basal triple negative tumors by immunohistochemistry, and both the primary tumors and their metastases presented positive expression for PTEN, AKT, mTOR and 4EBP1 proteins in immunofluorescence. A fragment of the tumor tissue was cultured in vitro and the cells were evaluated for cell morphology and phenotype, gene expression (qPCR) and cell viability (MTT). The genes validated by qPCR were AKT, mTOR and PTEN, related to the AKT-mTOR pathway. PTEN gene expression was decreased and mTOR increased in primary tumor cells when compared to metastatic tumors. Treatment with rapamycin and MTT assay were performed at concentrations of 2, 5, 10 and 12 μM for 24, 48 and 72 h. The MTT x assay showed that for a 50% decrease in cell viability, the concentration of rapamycin should be 2 μM for adenosquamous carcinoma and 10 μM for its metastasis. For grade III solid carcinoma and its respective metastasis, the concentration used was 12 μM. The treatment with rapamicyn inhibited the cell growth in the two cell types cultured in vitro. CAPES: 001

A two-year-old female dog unexpectedly collapsed and was presented to Ross University Veterinary Clinic. On arrival, it appeared normal and was kept overnight for monitoring and further diagnostic assessment. In the early morning the dog collapsed again, arrested and died. The dog had a long-term history of putative immune-mediated thrombocytopenia and relapsing allergic dermatitis and was being treated with prednisone. On postmortem examination, a large thrombus almost completely obliterated the lumen of the pulmonary trunk and extended into the pulmonary arteries. Chronic corticosteroid treatment, even at low doses, can have severe detrimental consequences that may not be clinically noticeable. Pulmonary thromboembolism is a rare but known consequence of hyperadrenocorticism in dogs, but acute fatal cardiorespiratory failure has not been previously described in iatrogenic Cushing’s. Clinicians should be aware of this and other potentially adverse effects of prednisone therapy and use caution when prescribing corticosteroids.

Submitted by Ubirajara Cruz (ubirajara.cruz@gmail.com) on 2021-08-23T14:50:32Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) dissertacao_patricia_silveira_vargas.pdf: 1434631 bytes, checksum: 6ff5e599ab4b8c3bbe0251d8e6a7dcc9 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2021-08-24T17:21:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_patricia_silveira_vargas.pdf: 1434631 bytes, checksum: 6ff5e599ab4b8c3bbe0251d8e6a7dcc9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-08-24T17:21:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 dissertacao_patricia_silveira_vargas.pdf: 1434631 bytes, checksum: 6ff5e599ab4b8c3bbe0251d8e6a7dcc9 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-02-26 Sem bolsa Esta dissertação foi desenvolvida com o objetivo de descrever as patologias uterinas encontradas no sistema reprodutivo feminino. Os dados referentes a estas enfermidades são relacionados aos casos diagnosticados entre os anos de 2017 e 2018, de úteros encaminhados para exame natomopatológico. Com base nesses achados foi elaborado um artigo científico. Neste trabalho foram avaliadas as lesões encontradas em corpos uterinos, sendo 30 da espécie canina e 30 da espécie humana. As patologias observadas nas cadelas foram: hiperplasia endometrial cística (36,66%), adenomiose (13,33%) e leiomioma (3,33%). Nas mulheres, foram: hiperplasia simples sem atipia (36,66%), hiperplasia simples com atipia (10,00%), hiperplasia complexa sem atipia (6,66%), hiperplasia complexa com atipia (13,33%), adenocarcinoma endometrióide grau I (13,33%) e grau II (10,00%), adenomiose e miomatose (10,00%). Concluiu-se que a principal alteração uterina em ambas espécies foi a hiperplasia endometrial. Não há estudos que compare as patologias dos sistemas reprodutivos dessas espécies, porém há similaridade dessas patologias, em muitos casos, mostrando a importância de um estudo que as correlacione. This dissertation was developed with the purpose of describing the uterine pathologies found in the female reproductive system. The data referring to these diseases are related to the cases diagnosed between the years 2017 and 2018, of uterus referred for anatomopathological examination. Based on these findings, a scientific article was elaborated. In this work the lesions found in uterine bodies were evaluated, being 30 of the canine species and 30 of the human species. The pathologies observed in dogs were cystic endometrial hyperplasia (36.66%), adenomyosis (13.33%) and leiomyoma (3.33%). In women, they were: simple hyperplasia without atypia (36.66%), simple hyperplasia with atypia (10.00%), complex hyperplasia without atypia (6.66%), complex hyperplasia with atypia (13.33%), adenocarcinoma endometrioid grade I (13.33%) and grade II (10.00%), adenomyosis and myomatosis (10.00%). It is concluded that the main uterine alteration in both species was endometrial hyperplasia. There are no studies that compare the pathologies of the reproductive systems of these species, but to the similarity of these pathologies, in many cases, showing the importance of a study that correlates them.

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:40:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-01-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T14:35:33Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S0102-09352019000100102.pdf: 999680 bytes, checksum: ecec706b573a58a4663ad50c39ae1101 (MD5) Uma cadela foi atendida no Hospital Veterinário Governador Laudo Natel, apresentando sinais clínicos oriundos de gossipiboma intra-abdominal (gossypium: algodão e boma: local de ocultação), tais como aumento de volume abdominal, regurgitação e caquexia. A ultrassonografia evidenciou formação de contorno regular que não podia ser totalmente delimitada. A paciente foi submetida à laparotomia exploratória e veio a óbito no período pós-operatório. O gossipiboma mostrou-se com superfície externa lisa, firme e roxo-acinzentada apresentando-se à microscopia como reação severa de desmoplasia ao redor de material necrótico, resíduos de material têxtil e do tecido adiposo. A negligência por parte dos médicos veterinários pode levar pacientes ao óbito, bem como trazer prejuízos psicológicos aos proprietários. Objetiva-se, com este relato, descrever os achados clínicos e patológicos de uma cadela que apresentou um gossipiboma intra-abdominal. A female dog was treated at the Veterinary Hospital Governador Laudo Natel for symptomscaused by an intra-abdominal gossypiboma (gossypium: cotton; boma: place of hiding). Showing high morbidity and mortality, the gossypiboma is a granulomatous reaction that is formed in response to exposure to a textile matrix. The objective of this report is to describe the clinical and pathological findings of an intra-abdominal gossypiboma in a female dog. This patient arrived at urgent care showing increased abdominal volume, pain, and cachexia. Ultrasonography showed a regular contour formation that could not be completely delimited. The patient underwent exploratory laparotomy and died in the postoperative period. The gossypiboma had a smooth, firm, and purple-gray exterior surface. Microscopy revealed a severe reaction of desmoplasia around the necrotic region, residual textile material, and adipose tissue. Negligence by veterinarians leading to this condition can result in patients' death as well as causing psychological damage to owners. Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho'- UNESP Campus II Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho'- UNESP Campus II

This chapter covers the July 1911 activities of the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition in Antarctica. Peace and drama unfold at the winter camp Framheim among the Norwegian men and the Greenland dogs. Hjalmar Johansen attempts to deal with a reluctant patient, a recovered worker, and an independent mother. Roald Amundsen’s favorite female dog cavorts with her courtiers in −55 °C temperature. And some of the older puppies are recruited into the workforce. During this winter month, the dogs continue to work hard, making sledging runs to the first depot and pulling 300 kilos per six dogs in −43 °C weather – in the dark. The dogs come to understand the men’s methods and try to outmaneuver them at times. Amundsen compares and contrasts his use of sled dogs to Robert Falcon Scott’s and Ernest Shackleton’s use of ponies. His duality, as analyzed in this chapter, is crystalized by his show of affection for the dogs and his perfection of whipping instruments and strategy in order to accomplish his goal.

The frequency of mammary tumors in canines is three times higher than in women. Contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) is a noninvasive clinical method, that uses special contrast agents (CAs), their role being to layout the microvasculature of different lesions. The aim of this particular method, in this case, was to establish if we can evaluate the malignancy of a mass, given the fact that neovascularization is a malignancy marker. The case is represented by a Silky Terrier breed female dog, 5 years old, that was presented initially with an enlarged polycystic mammary gland and a nervous lactation. The female was initially diagnosed with polycystic mastosis. After 2 more months the mass became denser and enlarged. Before the ovariohisterectomy and unilateral mastectomy surgeries have taken place, a B-Mode standard ultrasound, CEUS and a pulmonary X-ray were performed. Our results integrate this case in “fast in” and “slow in” (type 2 curve). The histological diagnosis was established as a simple cystic papillary carcinoma with a malignancy grade 2. The mean value of the MVD was 13.75 which is a low MVD. We cannot determine a correlation between CEUS and a tumor’s malignancy, and so further studies are needed.

Most common ovarian diseases appear to be cystic or ovarian tumours. These conditions may affect health, fertility or even the life of the animal. Literature related to ovarian cysts and neoplasia in dogs was assessed to summarize studies and case series on ovarian cysts and primary ovarian tumours in regard to epidemiologic, clinical and fertility aspects. Two research papers on histopathological examination of ovarian cysts could be identified. Seven research papers on ovarian tumours were also assessed, showing inconsistent results on the frequency of occurrence of different types of neoplasia. This might be due to different definitions of diseases and different diagnostic procedures. In conclusion, scarce research has been performed on ovarian diseases in the bitch in the last decades. Many publications are based on case reports. Most quality criteria of study methodology like blinding, randomization, sensitivity and specificity of test methods are not considered in papers on ovarian diseases. In the future, a multicentre data collection of cases could help to gather more data on the incidence, clinical relevance, treatment options and prognosis of ovarian diseases.

Uterine intussusception is a rare condition in bitches. This study aimed to report an unusual case of prolapsed uterine intussusception in a female dog. A 2-year-old American Bully bitch was received with labor history of large fetus requiring manual traction. The animal presented mucosal prolapse through the vulva, unproductive contractions and abdominal discomfort. After partial correction of mucosal prolapse, the dog was referred to ovary-hysterectomy surgery to correct prolapsed mucosa. During the surgical procedure, surgeons observed that the uterine horns were invaginated into the uterine body, rotated, and the tissue was slightly devitalized and congested. As previously described, this condition occurred during the immediate postpartum period. Thus, we suggest that this period can be a facilitator for the establishment of uterine intussusception.

Many researchers are interested in femoral conformation because most orthopaedic problems of the long bones occur in the femur and its joints. The neck-shaft (NSA) and the anteversion (AVA) angles are good predictors for understanding the orientation of the proximal end of the femur. The varus (aLDFA) and procurvatum (CDFA) angles have also been used to understand the orientation of the distal end of the femur. The purposes of this study were to investigate the relationship between the proximal and distal angles of the femur and to compare the distal femoral angles in male and female dogs in order to investigate the sexual dimorphism. The measurements of normal CDFAs, which have not been previously reported, may also provide a database of canine distal femoral morphology. A total of 75 cleaned healthy femora from different breeds or mixed breed of dogs were used. The three-dimensional images were reconstructed from computed tomographic images. The AVA, NSA, aLDFA and CDFA were measured on the 3D images. The correlation coefficients were calculated among the measured angles. The distal femoral angles were also compared between male and female femora. The 95% confidence intervals of the AVA and the NSA were calculated to be 24.22°–29.50° and 144.97°–147.50°, respectively. The 95% confidence intervals of the aLDFA and the CDFA for all studied dogs were 92.62°–94.08° and 89.09°–91.94°, respectively. The NSA showed no correlation with either the aLDFA or CDFA. There was a weak inverse correlation between the AVA and CDFA and a weak positive correlation between the AVA and aLDFA. The differences in the aLDFA and CDFA measurements between male and female dog were not significant. In conclusion, femoral version, regardless of the plane, might have little influence on distal femoral morphology in normal dogs. Besides this, there is no evidence of a sexual dimorphism in the varus and procurvatum angles of the dog distal femur. The data from this study may be used in both orthopaedic studies and for clinical applications related to the distal femur of dogs.

Uterus inflammation, pyometra in the female dog is a very common disease. The disease can potentially be life threatening if no treatment is done or the uterine wall are ruptured, leading to peritonitis, sepsis, and possibly also DIC. The disease is caused by the influence of hormones on the uterus, in combination with the presence of a bacterial infection. It is regarded that the hormone progesterone plays a major role in the development of the disease. Treatment of choice is most often by performing an ovariohysterectomy (OHE), but there are several medical options available for the treatment of pyometra. With that kind of treatment it will maintain the fertility of the female, possibility to avoid surgery and anaesthesia. For medical treatment of pyometra the drugs that is available is progesterone receptor antagonist, dopamine and prostaglandin agonists. In this study the main focus have been on using the natural prostaglandins (PGF2 ) available under the marketing name Dinolytic Vet. Zoetis 5 mg/ml. The drug is sold in Norway with the following indications: Horse: Oestrus synchronization, prolonged oestrus interval. Cattle: oestrus synchronization, induction of labour prolonged pregnancy. Chronic metritis. Uterine inflammation. Pigs: Induction of labour-prolonged gestation In combination with the hormone treatment it has also been given antimicrobial treatment. The study has been done retrospectively on the journals from Kaunasvet and Fredrikstad Animal Hospital. Included in the study there are ten females that did receive medical treatment and one that had OHE. The outcome and success rate of the study have been to see clinically healthy status at the end of the treatment period. After treatment 10/11 had successful result, 1/11 had recurrence within one year after treatment. And 1/11 had OHE without any medical treatment other than antimicrobials post surgery.