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This paper investigates education-labor mismatch for university graduates in Poland using the HEGESCO survey. Mismatch refers to the level of discord between the job performed by an individual and its education and skills. We evaluate three different dimensions of mismatch: vertical (under-/over- education), horizontal (wrong field of study for the job performed), and skills mismatch (under-/over- skilled). We discuss our results in the light of the large increase in the demand for tertiary education as well as in the number of tertiary education institutions that occurred in Poland after the transition process from communism to market economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disadvantaged young people often inhabit a dangerous space: excluded from education, training and employment markets; constructed as disposable; and cast out as ‘human waste’ (Bauman, 2004). There are many macro-level analyses of this catastrophic trend, but this article provides insights into some of the everyday educational micro-practices which contribute to such marginalisation. It presents findings from a study of a national school-to-work transition service in England, in a context not only of neo-liberal policies but also of severe austerity measures. The data reveal processes of triage, surveillance and control – driven by governmental and institutional targets – which denied many young people access to the service, including some of the most vulnerable. Beneath a rhetoric of social inclusion, the service in fact acted as a conduit into a dangerous space of exclusion. Drawing on the work of Butler and of Agamben, the article argues innovatively that such practices may represent an encroaching state of exception, in which more or less subtle forms of governmentality are gradually being supplanted by the more overt exercise of sovereign power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper estimates the distribution of educational returns by gender for India. While previous studies focus on mean returns, the variance of educational returns has important implications for policy-making and micro-level decision making with respect to education. If the variance of educational returns is large, it can leave large sections of the population with negative returns; if the variance of educational returns is gender specific, it can influence households’ decisions to educate girls versus boys. Our econometric results provide evidence that India''s labor markets are characterized by significant uncertainty and that the uncertainty is systematically larger for women. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The author aimed to explore primary pupils’ perceptions of learning and to what extent they perceive learning is important to them. Fifty-five primary school pupils in Istanbul and Canakkale (Turkey) were interviewed. To analyze the data, A. Strauss and J. Corbin's (1998) grounded theory methodology was followed. NVivo 7 (QSR, Australia) a software program for qualitative analysis, was also used during the analysis process. Research findings revealed that pupils who have a low-socioeconomic background have stated that learning is for a reason of employability. The interviews also revealed that many pupils associated learning with memorization and listening. This showed that they perceive learning as a passive transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

This study identifies the opinion of the businesses about the professional preparation of the students when they enter the labour market based on the point of view of businesses. This is done by surveying small and medium businesses in Kosovo. It is anticipated that majority of employees in small and medium companies are qualified only with a high school diploma while the number of those with higher degree such as Masters or PhD is negligible. Regardless of that, majority of businesses do have the opinion that the new employees are well prepared for their new tasks in the labour market, while small proportion of businesses believes that the new entrants lack practical knowledge, however this is gained over time. In addition to this, about 1/3 of the businesses believes that new employees lack both, practical and elementary knowledge for labour market. For this reason, many of the businesses have been engaged in training of their employees in different professional fields. The data about the past trainings and future planned trainings are telling that businesses are shifting into more well planned business making. This is because the businesses are paying enough attention to marketing, business plan making and production which is an indication that the economy is slowly going towards more productive sectors which would generate domestic production which is very low. There is a general opinion among the business people that the educational institutions are not well prepared for teaching the potential labour market entrants. In addition to this, there have been only few contacts between business and schools in order to address the needs of businesses and to increase the performance of new employees. Businesses in general agree that more attention should be paid by educational institutions in offering practical and stimulated methods of teaching about how the new entrants should deal in labour market. Stimulations are among the most preferred form of preparation followed by case studies and group seminars while lecturing is seen as the least important way of teaching the potential entrants for the labour market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years there has been considerable discussion afforded to the challenges facing the future of library and information science (LIS) education in Australia. This paper outlines a twelve-month project funded by the Australian Learning and Teaching Council that was undertaken by eleven institutions representing university and vocational LIS education in Australia. The project established a Framework for the Education of the Information Professions in Australia that provides a set of strategic recommendations that will inform future directions of Australian LIS education. This national project represented a bold move within Australian LIS education, and provided a unique opportunity for LIS educators across Australia to collectively unite in order to 'future-proof' education for future generations of LIS professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Management techniques and their historical relationship with Education are analyzed. It is highly relevant to verify the methods and techniques of training developed in the United States by Charles Allen in 1919 which were intensified as from the Training Within Industry (TWI) in 1940. After World War II this evolved into what is known as the #147;Japanese Management#148; which finally gave rise to the #147;Toyota System of production#148; [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We estimate the world elasticity of substitution between labor types on a very well-known data set. Using enrollment ratios and government expenditures on education as instruments, the plausible elasticities varying from 2.00 to 3.21 for the 'college-completed' definition suggests imperfect substitution between skilled and unskilled labor. Considerably higher values are found for the 'secondary' and 'primary-completed' definitions. Overall, the higher the threshold for defining skilled labor, the lower the elasticity and less likely is the switch between types of labor. These findings complement micro-evidence and support stronger links between productivity and output for the 'college educated' labor definition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most ethnic Koreans in China live in Yanbian Prefecture. Since 1996, the population of Yanbian Koreans has registered a negative growth, which is largely attributed to population outflow. According to the 2003 Sample Survey to Examine the Negative Population Growth of Yanbian Koreans, 37 percent of the households reported having members who sought work elsewhere. Logistic regression analysis shows that people with higher educational level and those engaged in agriculture had a higher probability of leaving. Men and those who completed secondary education were more likely to choose to go to South Korea while those who are married and are engaged in non-agricultural work were more likely to participate in intra- or inter-provincial search for employment in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We construct a search model with endogenous human capital and labor participation to study the growth effects of short-run frictions and the effectiveness of human capital policies. Employment, learning effort, and output growth increase with more effective learning, better labor-market matching, lower job separation, or less costly vacancy creation. Although output growth, employment, vacancy creation, and learning and search effort are most responsive to changes in a human capital policy that directly affects learning effort, such a policy need not be more beneficial for welfare. The effects of human capital policies become larger as the severity of labor-market frictions rises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores why the fraction of highly educated workers varies across U.S. metropolitan areas. It documents a set of facts that pose challenges for a number of theories. Notably, (i) cities are characterized by industry neutral differences in skilled labor productivity and (ii) the size of the business services sector is strongly correlated with cities' skill compositions. Motivated by these observations, I propose an input sharing model, in which nontraded business services complement skilled labor. I show that the model accounts for all of the empirical regularities documented in the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the rationale for developing a formal generic skills framework at tertiary education level in New Zealand. Employers require graduates to be work-ready after completion of study. The dynamics of this requirement change as the business environment changes. This increases pressure on education institutions and on the graduates. A generic skills framework which would be structured against up to ten skill areas may go some way to resolving this pressure. These skills would reflect those identified by employers and other stakeholders and reflect the interest in skills internationally. The benefits to the organisation would be in the immediate recognition of generic skills, ability, potential, and best it with the organisation's plans and strategies enabling a shorter learning curve. The challenge is in identifying which generic skills are required by employers. This paper presents an overview and a discussion of the results of a survey conducted with human resource professionals on the skills and their uses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Atlantis: Critical Studies in Gender, Culture & Social Justice / Études Critiques sur le Genre, la Culture, et la Justice is the property of Mount Saint Vincent University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper reports on research into learning that students achieve during co-op work placements. An initial graduate survey framed questions for the beginning of a longitudinal study of a cohort of co-ops passing through their degrees. This study employs interpretive methodology using interviews. It theorizes that learning is a social process and that the environment of the workplace is critical to shaping the particular learning that the student can achieve. It seeks then to understand the elements of the workplace that are important in that learning, how this learning occurs, and who contributes to it. Early results are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article introduces data and assessment by Inoue Shin of the Japan Federation of National Service Employees. He reportedly presents some of the key facts and figures of Abenomics with regard to the working poor, real wages, labor share, focusing primarily on government documents. It adds that the Cabinet Office claims that the Japanese economy is presently experiencing the country’s second-longest postwar boom.

El artículo discurre sobre los programas que compaginan trabajo con estudio como una herramienta de entrenamiento para jóvenes. El autor comenta sobre la importancia de experiencia en el mercado laboral de hoy y describe el rol de las universidades en preparar sus estudiantes para trabajo.

The author discusses the role of implementing quality in children's education and its effect on their understanding of what a quality culture means and how to achieve it through a career. Topics include the role of self-education, self-initiative, and self-discipline in the quality of a business and its employees, the effect of collaboration and competition on one's motivation, and the effect of meaningful work on children's sense of importance and accomplishment.