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Epimedium sagittatum plants have an important medicinal value and a huge market demand, but the characteristics on dormancy and germination of their seeds are still unclear, which seriously affects its industrial seedling production and cultivation. In order to verify the type of seed dormancy and the optimal way to release and promote dormacy, using the mature seeds of E. sagittatum as experimental materials, we investigated the water uptake and the desiccation tolerance of seeds, as well as the effects of temperature, stratification and phytohormone on seed dormancy and germination. The results were as follows:(1)E. sagittatum seeds had no physical dormancy but had desiccation tolerance.(2)The germination percentage of seeds was zero at 4-25 °C and darkness, and these seeds had dormancy characteristics.(3)The embryo/seed ratio was very small, as well as embryo growth and development and seed germination rate and germination percentage were increased by stratification at 4 °C, 10 °C percentage rate and fluctuating temperature stratification.(4)Gibberellin and fluridone significantly increased the germination rate and germination percentage of seeds. In sum, all the above results indicate that the dormancy type of E. sagittatum seeds is morphophysiological dormancy, and the optimal method to release dormancy and promote germination is to stratify the seeds at 10 °C for 30 d and then transfer to the environment of 4 °C. This study provides the reference for industrial culturing seedlings of E. sagittatum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) contrasted with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the detection and characterization of uterine fibroids. Methods: A total of 46 patients with uterine fibroids confirmed by pathology during May 2016 to March 2022 in The first medical center of the General Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army were selected as the research objects. CEUS and MRI examinations were performed on all patients before surgery, and the number, size, location, and enhancement of uterine fibroids were analyzed and recorded. t test was used to compare the size of uterine fibroids detected by MRI and CEUS. The number, location and enhancement of uterine fibroids detected by MRI and CEUS were compared by x2 test. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the number, size, location and enhancement of uterine fibroids by MRI and CEUS imaging methods. Results: A total of 115 uterine fibroids were detected by postoperative pathology in 46 patients. 111 (96.52%) were detected by MRI and 106 (92.17%) by CEUS. The mean size of uterine fibroids measured by MRI and CEUS were (4.66± 1.83) cm and (4.51± 1.74) cm. There were 103 of uterine fibroids detected by CEUS and 107 of uterine fibroids detected by MRI. In CEUS examination, 99 uterine fibroids showed enhancement; On MRI, 102 uterine fibroids showed enhancement. There were no significant differences in the number, size, location and enhancement of uterine fibroids detected by the two imaging methods (all P>0.05). Pearson correlation coefficient analysis showed that the correlation between the number, size, location and enhancement of uterine fibroids detected by MRI and CEUS were 0.95, 0.96, 0.94 and 0.97 respectively (all P<0.001). Conclusion: CEUS has the same diagnostic value as MRI in the detection and qualitative diagnosis of uterine fibroids, and can be used as an alternative imaging method to evaluate uterine fibroids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the value of computed tomography (CT) enhancement combined with multi b-value diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the differential diagnosis of common bile duct inflammatory stenosis and stenosis caused by tumor lesions. Methods: The clinical data of 106 patients with choledocholitis or neoplastic stenosis confirmed by surgical pathology or retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in our hospital from April 2017 to October 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. CT enhancement, multi b-value (200, 400, 600, 800, 1000 s/mm²) DWI were performed before surgery, and ADC values under multi-b-value DWI were measured to analyze the imaging manifestations of inflammatory common bile duct stenosis and neoplastic stenosis. To compare the differential diagnosis of choledocholitis stricture and neoplastic stricture by CT enhancement and multi-b-value DWI alone and in combination. Results: There were 43 cases of choledochal inflammatory stenosis and 63 cases of neoplastic stenosis among 106 patients. When b values were 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 s/mm², the ADC values of common bile duct neoplastic lesions were significantly lower than those of common bile duct inflammatory stenosis, with statistical significance (P<0.05). With the increase of b values, the ADC values decreased. When b value was 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 s/mm², the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were 0.574, 0.705, 0.715, 0.781, and 0.726 respectively. When b value was 800 s/mm², the diagnostic efficiency of inflammatory bile duct stenosis and neoplastic stenosis was the best. CT enhancement combined with multi-b-value DWI has the best diagnostic efficacy for choledocholitis stricture and neoplastic stricture. Conclusion: When multi-b-value DWI is 800 s/mm², CT enhancement combined with multi-b-value DWI can significantly improve the differential diagnosis value of choledochal inflammatory stenosis and neoplastic stenosis, which has certain clinical application value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The driving environment at night is more complex than that during the day, so the perception of the driving environment at night by the assistant driving system is very important. For pedestrian recognition, the traditional pedestrian trajectory and intention estimation algorithm is not suitable at night. To estimate pedestrian intention and trajectory at night, a method was proposed for estimating pedestrian intention and trajectory in short distance under low brightness environment. The new image enhancement algorithm was used to improve the face recognition rate. For the enhanced image, the matching algorithm was proposed based on YOLOv3 and Openpose. The Kalman filter was used to correct the YOLOv3 recognition error, and a pedestrian face orientation estimation algorithm was proposed based on the matching results to obtain a new method for estimating pedestrian intention. The results show that the proposed pedestrian trajectory and intention estimation method is suitable for low luminance environment after image enhancement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To control the NOx emission of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE)/methanol blend fuel, the simulation model of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system was established based on Converge software, and the influence of SCR system on the NOx emission of PODE/methanol blend fuel was investigated by numerical simulation. The results show that with the increasing of n( NH3) / n( NOx), NH3 distribution uniformity, velocity distribution uniformity and NOx conversion efficiency of SCR system are increased firstly with latter decreasing, while the leakage of NH3 is increased gradually. When the n(NH3 )/n(NOx) is 1.3, the γNH3, reaches the highest value of 0.988 with the maximum μv value of 0. 983 and the NOx conversion efficiency of 81. 4%. Mixers can effectively improve the performance of SCR system. According to the optimization of SCR mixer by orthogonal experiment, the optimal scheme is obtained with the mixer blade number of 16, the blade inclination of 30° and the blade width of 16 mm, and the optimization scheme is verified by bench test. The NOx conversion efficiency of the optimized SCR system is 75. 4%,and the leakage of NH3 is reduced by 9. 6X10-7 for the diesel engine at 1 800 r · min-1 and 100% load. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the experiment was to study the effect of dietary supplementation with different doses of coated trace elements and plant essential oils on the growth performance, meat quality, organ index and antioxidant capacity of AA broilers. The experiment selected 540 healthy 1-day-old AA male broilers with similar body weight and randomly divided them into six groups: Control group (basal diet + 1 g/kg common powdered sulfate), group 1, group 2 and group 3 (basal diet + 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 g/kg coated trace elements respectively), group 4 and group 5 (basal diet + 0.30 g/kg coated trace elements + 0.15, 0.20 g/kg plant essential oils, respectively). The results showed that compared with the control group, the death rate of each test group was decreased, the average daily gain of the four groups in the test was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the feed-to-gain ratio was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The water loss rate of group 3, group 4 and group 5 was significantly lower than that of control group, group 1, group 2 (P<0.05). At 42 d of age, compared with the control group, the activity of SOD in group 3, group 4 and group 5 was significantly increased (P<0.05), the content of MDA was significantly decreased (P<0.05), and T-AOC was significantly increased (P<0.05). The study indicates that the addition of coated trace elements and plant essential oils to the diet can significantly improve the growth performance and meat quality of AA broilers, reduce the ratio of consumption to weight gain, and improve the antioxidant properties of feeds, and the combination of 0.30 g/kg of coated trace elements and 0.15 g/kg of plant essential oil additives is the best. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Na-Se battery is consider ed to have high research value because of its high theoretical capacity. However, there is still problems of weak large rate performance and low capacity of charge and discharge. It is necessary to develop materials that could resolve the above problems. In this research, nickel was used to catalyze the in-situ growth of carbon nanotubes by one-step pyrolysis, and the product (Ni/CTs) was used to modify the polypropylene membrane to improve the electrochemical performance of Na-Se battery. As a result, membranes modified with Ni/CT s showed good cycling and rate performance in Na-Se battery, it still h as 354 m A h g-1 specific capacity aft er 100 cycles at 0. 2 C and 213 m A h g-1 specific capacity at 20 C. And it still has a specific capacity of 283.7mAh g-1 at 1 C. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poly-Si on oxide (POLO) structure is a passivation contact structure formed by growing a polysilicon layer on an extremely thin interface oxide layer based on the surface of the crystalline silicon. The passivation contact technology based on the POLO structure can not only obtain excellent surface passivation characteristics, but also avoid direct contact between the metal and the crystalline silicon surface, and greatly reduce the contact recombination of the metal and the crystalline silicon surface. At present, the conversion efficiency of small-area crystalline silicon solar cells made with POLO passivation contact structure is as high as 26.1%, and the industrialization efficiency of large-area crystalline silicon solar cells has exceeded 24.5%. At the same time, the POLO passivation contact technology applied to the production of crystalline silicon cells can withstand high-temperature processes and is compatible with existing crystalline silicon cell industrialization equipment. It is a passivation contact technology solution with great industrialization potential in the future. This paper mainly reviews the carrier transport mechanism in the POLO passivation contact structure and the corresponding quantitative parameter characterization methods. The methods of interfacial oxide layer growth, polysilicon layer deposition, doping and hydrogenation treatment in the preparation of POLO structure are compared. The parasitic absorption effect of the polysilicon layer, the morphological structure of the crystalline silicon surface, and the influence of the doping concentration distribution on the passivation contact characteristics of the POLO structure are summarized. The research progress of the POLO passivation contact technology and the difficulties in POLO solar cells production are briefly described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

试验旨在研究大蒜素作为膳食补充剂对小尾寒羊生长性能、血清免疫、抗氧化指标及瘤胃发酵参数 的影响。选择14只120日龄的小尾寒羊(25.77±1.45)kg, 随机分为2组, 每组7个重复。对照组小尾寒羊饲喂正 常精料, 试验组小尾寒羊饲喂添加7.5 g/kg大蒜素的精料。预试期10 d,正式试验期100 d。结果显示, 与对照组 相比, 饲喂大蒜素的小尾寒羊平均日采食量和皮下脂肪厚度显著提高(PV0.05)。饲料中添加大蒜素的小尾寒羊 血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶活性比对照组显著提高(PV0.05)。添加大蒜素的小尾寒羊反刍频率比对照 组显著提高(PV0.05),站立频率显著降低(PV0.05)。添加大蒜素对小尾寒羊瘤胃发酵和微生物区系没有明显影 响。研究表明, 大蒜素添加剂可以改善小尾寒羊的生长性能, 提高血清抗氧化能力。 The experiment was to study the effect of allicin as dietary supplements on growth performance, serum immunity, antioxidant capacity and rumen 宦rmentation parameters of Small Tail Han sheep. 14 120-day-old Small Tail Han sheep with body weight of (25.77 ± 1.45) kg were randomly divided into two groups, with seven replicates in each group. The sheep in control group were fed with concentration without allicin, the sheep in experimental group were fed with concentration added 7.5 g/kg of allicin. The pretest period was 10 d, and formal test period was 100 d. The results showed that compared with control group, the average daily feed intake and subcutaneous fat thickness of Small Tail Han sheep 宦d allicin were significantly increased (P<0.05). Serum total antioxidant capacity and superoxide dismutase activity of Small Tail Han sheep supplemented with allicin were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). Serum total antioxidant capacity and the activity of superoxide dismutase of Small Tail Han sheep supplemented with allicin were significantly increased compared with control group (P<0.05). Compared with control group, the rumination frequency of allicin supplementation was significantly increased (P<0.05), and the standing frequency was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Allicin supplementation had no significant effect on rumen fermentation and microflora of Small Tail Han sheep. The experiment indicates that allicin can be used as a feed additive to improve growth performance and improve serum antioxidants ability of Small Tail Han sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of one-stage additional posterior pedicle screws (PPS) internal fixation on early Cage subsidence after oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF). Methods We made a retrospective analysis of 118 patients with lumbar degenerative diseases treated with OLIF at the Department of Orthopedics, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, from January 2016 to December 2019. We divided the patients into OLIF stand-alone group(58 ones)and OLIF with PPS fixation group(60 ones)according to the surgical procedure. All the patients had preoperative frontal and lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine, and CT and MR scans were performed. The clinical outcomes and reoperation rates of the two groups were compared at immediate postoperative follow-up and at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months. X-ray and CT examinations were performed to assess Cage subsidence in both groups at each postoperative follow-up. Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups in baseline data and surgical segmentation. Of the 118 patients with 141 discs who underwent OLIF surgery, 58 patients with 68 discs received OLIF stand-alone surgery and 60 ones with 73 discs received OLIF with PPS fixation. There were no significant differences in intraoperative bleeding, complications, or postoperative clinical outcomes between the two groups(P> 0. 05), and the Cage subsidence rate was 22. 4% in OLIF stand-alone group and 5% in OLIF with PPS fixation group, with significant difference between the two groups(P<0. 01). Conclusion Both OLIF stand-alone and OLIF additional PPS fixation can achieve good early clinical outcomes, and first-stage additional PPS fixation can significantly reduce the occurrence of Cage subsidence in the early postoperative period after OLIF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the application of liver three-dimensional (3D) visualized reconstruction technique in hepatectomy for children with complicated hepatoblastoma. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 30 children with hepatoblastoma who underwent hepatectomy for radical resection in PLA Rocket Force Characteristic Medical Center from January 2018 to October 2020, and according to whether liver 3D visualization with IQQA-Liver system was performed before surgery, the children were divided into 3D reconstruction group with 15 children and control group with 15 children. The two groups were compared in terms of perioperative parameters, short-term prognosis, and follow-up conditions. The independent samples t-test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between two groups, and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of non-normally distributed continuous data between two groups; the Fisher's exact test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the 3D reconstruction group had a significantly higher mean age (55.7±10.2 years vs 28.2±2.7 years, P < 0.05) and a significantly higher number of patients with POSTTEXT stage III/VI hepatoblastoma (12 vs 5, P < 0.05) or involvement of the hepatic vein or the inferior vena cava (11 vs 3, P < 0.05). All children completed the surgery successfully, and there were no significant differences between the two groups in blood loss, time of operation, number of times and duration of hepatic portal occlusion, and number of children receiving segmental hepatectomy or partial hepatectomy (all P > 0.05). The median follow-up after surgery was 9.5 months. In the 3D reconstruction group, 2 children experienced recurrence and were diagnosed at 10 and 12 months, respectively, after surgery, and they were treated with chemotherapy at the moment; in the control group, 4 children experienced recurrence, which was higher than that in the 3D reconstruction group (P=0.651), and among these 4 children, 2 had recurrence at 7 months after surgery, received liver transplantation, and survived up to now, and the other 2 children died shortly after recurrence. Conclusion: 3D visualized reconstruction technique helps to perform hepatectomy for children with complicated hepatoblastoma more safely and accurately, especially extended hepatectomy for patients with stage POST TEXT III/IV hepatoblastoma, thereby avoiding liver transplantation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

为提高结构施工监测管理的信息化程度,实现结构施工监测及预警信息的三维可视化和信息共享,提出在BIM平台上开发适用于超高层及大跨空间结构施工过程的结构健康监测管理系统。在明确系统需求,定义相应的功能模块,描述系统工作流程,建立系统整体框架的基础上,基于Revit API二次开发搭建了系统平台,并将该平台应用于实际项目的结构施工监测管理中。研究表明,该平台可实现监测数据的快速获取及三维可视化查看,通过建立BIM与现场监测数据的融合机制,提高了施工过程中监测信息流通,能够进行施工现场集成通讯与动态监管、施工时变结构监测及预警,最终打破常规监测信息管理方法,实现建设全过程的监测信息分享。

During the machining of an aeroengine blade, the precision of traditional table was reduced after long-term wear, which was unable to match the requirement of aero-engine blade processing. Therefore, a non-standard grooved disc spring servo compensation mechanism was innovatively designed for the new type of two-stage helical gear transmission turntable, which used the variable stiffness and reduced load displacement curve characteristics of the non-standard slotted disc spring. The wear gap caused by long-term meshing of the gear pair was eliminated by this mechanism. Meanwhile the design of the non-standard slotted disc spring, which was the core component of the new mechanism, was systematically summarized. The method combining ANSYS analysis and experimental verification was used to verify the correctness of the design of the slotted disc spring servo compensation mechanism and the theoretical system of the non-standard slotted disc spring design. The research results show that the designed disc spring can be used as a compensation mechanism to realize real?time compensation of wear errors, achieve the purpose of improving the accuracy of the turntable, and meet the extremely high processing requirements of aero-engine blades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, a large number of articles have reported whether to repair pronator muscle after metacarpal plate fixation of distal radius fracture, but the effectiveness and clinical benefits of repairing pronator muscle are still controversial. Thus, this meta-analysis evaluated the clinical effect of repairing pronator muscle after metacarpal plate fixation of distal radius fracture. METHODS: We searched the related randomized controlled trials on the repair of pronator muscle after metacarpal plate fixation of distal radius using the computer in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, China Biology Medicine disc, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library. The search date was from January 2001 to January 2020. Data extraction and quality evaluation to all the documents that are in accordance with the inclusion were carried out. The methodological quality of 14 randomized controlled trials was evaluated by modified Jadad scale. The DASH score, visual analogue scale score, ulnar deviation angle, dorsal extension angle, pronation angle, supination angle and pronation muscle strength were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis. RESULTS: (1) A total of 11 randomized controlled trials were included. (2) The follow-up time of 3 months is short-term, 3-12 months is medium-term, and longer than 1 year is long-term. (3) Meta-analysis results demonstrated that the DASH score (MD=-0.79, 95%CI:-1.50 to -0.09, P=0.03), short-and mediumterm visual analogue scale score (MD=-3.04, 95%CI:-3.53 to -2.55, P < 0.000 01; MD=-1.69, 95%CI:-1.99 to -1.39, P < 0.000 01), long-term dorsal extension angle (MD=5.15, 95%CI:2.50-7.80, P=0.000 1), medium-and long-term pronation angle (MD=1.83, 95%CI:0.69-2.96, P=0.002; MD=1.81, 95%CI:0.32-3.30, P=0.02), mid-term pronation muscle strength (MD=1.35, 95%CI:0.90-1.80, P < 0.000 01) and ulnar deviation angle (MD=4.28, 95%CI:3.26-5.31, P < 0.000 01) in the group of repairing pronator muscle after metacarpal plate fixation were better than those in the group without repairing pronator muscle. There was no significant difference in long-term DASH score, short-term dorsal extension angle and short- and long-term supination angle between the two groups (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: After metacarpal plate fixation of distal radius fracture, combined repair of pronator muscle on the basis of internal fixation may further enhance the medium-and long-term joint motion angle, reduce the patients' medium-and short-term pain, and enhance the patients' medium-and short-term joint function after operation, and enhance the patient's sense of experience after operation. However, due to the limited number of literature included, more large samples and high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to provide further effective data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restricted by terrain, unit space layout, investment and approval of capacity expansion formalities, it is difficult to implement expansion of small ecological units. At present, domestic low-water-head hydropower stations are restricted by technical conditions and the fixed paddle units are adopted for all turbine units with a runner diameter less than 1.8 m. It is difficult to achieve small-flow power generation. HZ-YTJS novel paddle adjusting system of HNAC Technology Co., Ltd. was adopted for Hekou Second-Stage Hydropower Station in Henan. The fixed paddle unit with a diameter of 1.0m was changed as the rotary paddle unit in this system, which realized reconstruction of small-flow power generation on the original unit and solved the issue of power generation with ecological basic flow. It had obvious effects and was domestic initiative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: At present, finite element analysis is mostly used in the simulation study of wear of the total knee prosthesis pad. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of shape optimization for the tibial insert of the unicompartmental knee prosthesis on wear performance using finite element analysis. METHODS: Based on the Archard wear theory, the wear finite element model of the unicompartmental knee prosthesis was established. The contact pressure and wear performance of the tibial insert before and after optimization were studied. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Under the condition of ISO standard gait load, for the contact pressure, the tibial insert contact pressure before and after optimization was 54.7 MPa and 37.2 MPa, respectively, and the tibial insert contact pressure was reduced by 32%. For linear wear, the linear wear of the tibial insert before and after optimization was 4.38×10-5 mm and 3.15×10-5 mm, respectively, and the linear wear depth of the tibial insert was reduced by 28%. (2) The results show that the liner wear performance can be significantly improved after optimization. The results of the study have practical significance for unicompartmental knee tibial insert design, wear performance assessment and clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To control the particulate matter (PM) emissions of diesel engine, the fuel borne catalysts ( FBC) were blended into pure diesel with Fe mass fractions of 200, 400 and 600 mg. kg-1 to prepare Fe-FBC fuels, which were marked as Fe200, Fe400 and Fe600, respectively. The effects of Fe-FBC fuels on common-rail diesel engine emission characteristics, particle size distribution and soluble organic fraction ( SOF) components were investigated by fourier transform infrared ( FTIR) emission analyzer, engine exhaust particle sizer ( EEPS) spectrometer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GCMS), respectively. The results show that the addition of FBC promotes the combustion of diesel, and the formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions are lower than those of pure diesel. With the increasing of Fe content in Fe-FBC, the particle number concentration and the mass concentration distribution are gradually shifted to smaller size. After adding Fe-FBC, the contents of olefins, acids and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( P AHs) in PM are decreased, and P AHs is changed to lower ring number, while lipid content is increased. The distribution of carbon atom number of SOF components is migrated to lower carbon atom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: In recent years, with the improvement of total knee arthroplasty technology, the shortening of operation time, the application of hemostatic drugs during and after operation, the total loss of blood is decreasing, and the postoperative drainage flow is also decreasing. The theory of postoperative rapid rehabilitation emerges at the historic moment, and the placement of drainage tube is once again a hot issue for orthopedic doctors. More than a few doctors think that the placement of drainage can be cancelled routinely, and drainage seems to be nonexistent. OBJECTIVE: To review the previous literature, to summarize the relevant problems of drainage placement after total knee arthroplasty and provide relevant experience of drainage management. METHODS: Literature retrieval includes Chinese databases such as CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, China biomedical literature database, and English databases such as PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Ovid. The Chinese key words were “drainage, knee arthroplasty”. The English key words were “total knee arthroplasty, drainage”. All the literature related to the theme from inception to February 2020. The factors that need to be considered comprehensively in all aspects of perioperative period without drainage tube after total knee replacement were summed up. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The placement of drainage tube is closely related to the final result of operation and the occurrence of postoperative complications such as hemorrhage, hematoma, thrombus and infection. (2) At present, conventional placement of drainage tube is not recommended after total knee arthroplasty, but it does not mean that there is no need for management. In fact, it puts forward higher requirements for the management of clinical doctors and nurses in all aspects of perioperative period, including but not limited to the selection of indications before surgery, surgical operation, tourniquet use, intraoperative and postoperative drug use, and physical therapy use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effects of Jiawei Dachaihu decoction on liver injury and expressions of JNK and Bcl-2 in obstructive jaundice rats. Methods Ninety SD male rats were divided into sham operation group (group S), terrier yellow group (group O) and intervention group (group M) according to random number table method, 30 rats in each group. Group S and group O were gavaged with 10 μL/g of normal saline, group M was gavaged with 10 μL/g of Jiawei Dachaihu decoction with a crude drug amount of 1 g / mL. Each group was sampled at 3 d, 7 d and 10 d after the operation, and 10 rats were randomly taken per group at each point. The serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and total biliary red (TBIL) were detected in the three groups. RT-PCR and Western blot assay were used to detect mRNA and protein expressions of liver tissue JNK and Bcl-2, respectively. Results The serum levels of AST, ALT and TBIL were significantly higher in group O and group M than those in group S, and which were significantly lower in group M than those of group O (P＜ 0.05). The levels of JNK mRNA and protein were significantly higher in group O and group M than those in group S, and which were significantly lower in group M than those in group O (P＜0.05). The levels of Bcl-2 mRNA and protein were significantly lower in group O and group M than those of group S (P＜0.05), and which were significantly higher in group M than those of group O (P＜0.05). Conclusion Jiawei Dachaihu decoction can improve liver injury and promote liver tissue repairing in rats with obstructive jaundice, which may be related to the down-regulation of JNK protein, the increase of the expression level of Bcl-2 protein, the weakening of the stress of endoplasmic reticulum and the inhibition of the apoptosis of liver cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Observe the accuracy and sensitivity of peripheral blood neutrophil CD4 (nCD4) in the detection of patients with leukemia complicated by bacterial infection, and evaluate its clinical application value. 100 patients with leukemia admitted in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2019 were selected as the research object and included in the study group. Among them, 47 patients with bacterial infection were included in study group Ⅰ, and the remaining 53 patients without bacterial infection were included. Study Ⅱ group, according to the results of blood culture examination, the study Ⅰ components were positive group (n=12) and negative group (n=35). At the same time, 50 cases of healthy physical examination at the same period were screened into the control group; The levels of PCT, CRP and nCD4 were compared, and the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of PCT, CRP, and nCD4 in the positive and negative groups were compared. The PCT, CRP, and nCD4 in the study group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), and the PCT, CRP, and nCD4 in the study group Ⅰ were higher than those in the study Ⅱ group (all P<0.05). The intensity was higher than that of the negative group (P<0.05). nCD4 is better than CRP and PCT in the accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of leukocyte bacterial infection. nCD4 has good accuracy and sensitivity in the detection of patients with leukemia complicated by bacterial infection, and combined with PCT and CRP detection can significantly improve the detection accuracy, which can be used as a diagnostic indicator for the diagnosis of leukemia combined with bacterial infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to promote the construction of sponge cities, low-cost development in the construction of hardened ground facilities such as plazas not only makes full use of rainwater resources, but also helps to alleviate the pressure on urban drainage systems. However, in these facilities construction projects, the water seepage capacity of the gravel base layer or cushion layer not only directly determines the stability of the facility structure, but also affects its rainwater seepage capacity and self-filtration capacity. Therefore, in order to make the gravel pad layer to obtain sufficient water permeability, a good void distribution state for its internal void structure is required to achieve the desired water permeability and stability. In this paper, the influence of multi-stage composition to the porosity and stability of the debris accumulation structure was discussed by analyzing the void parameters of the stacked structure with different particle arrangements. The Hagenpoe's law and Darcy's law were used to explore the expression fragmentation. The sieving model of the void distribution of the rock pile structure was derived, and the calculation formula of the gap change between the upper and lower layers was derived. The analysis results show that in the graded gravel structure, the effective radius（r） of the single-hole seepage flow is proportional to the water permeability of the graded crushed stone, and the water permeability effective coefficient (λn+1) of the number of misaligned holes in the upper and lower layers per unit area is directly proportional to the water permeability (Q) of the graded crushed stone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pump system with slanted extension shaft is one of the main pump systems in large low head pump station. In order to improve the flow pattern in the slanted outlet conduit and increase hydraulic performance of pump system, the three dimension turbulent flow field was calculated for the pump system with 20° shaft extension in a large low head pump station based on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations and standard k- turbulent model. By the method of numerical simulation, flow fields in outlet conduits were analyzed and compared for 4 kinds of calculation schemes which were straight outlet conduit without rotation, S-shaped curve outlet conduit without rotation, straight outlet conduit with rotation and S-shaped curve outlet conduit with rotation. Based on the analyses, the cause of serious bias flow in the slanted outlet conduit was analyzed. According to the influence of length of middle pier on the bias coefficient and hydraulic loss of the slanted outlet conduit, the method of solving the bias flow problem was put forward, and the fittest middle pier length was chosen, and the hydraulic performance of the pump system was tested. The research results showed that there was serious bias flow in slanted outlet conduit when the length of middle pier was 14 m. Looking from the direction of downstream flow, the main flow was obviously skewed to the left side of the slanted outlet conduit, while a large range of vortex area appeared in the lower right part of the outlet conduit, and the discharge of the left hole was obviously than that of the right hole. There was no bias flow in the straight and the S-shaped curved outlet conduits when the flow at the conduit inlet with no rotation. There was no bias flow in the straight outlet conduit while there was obviously bias flow in the S-shaped curved outlet conduit when the flow at the conduit inlet with rotation. Therefore, the flow with larger residual circumferential velocity component at the guide vane outlet enters into the S-shaped curved outlet conduit in a spiral shape was the cause of serious bias flow in the slanted outlet conduit. The results also showed that the middle pier length had a significant influence on bias coefficient and hydraulic loss of the slanted outlet conduit. When the middle pier length was 14 m, the conduit bias coefficient and hydraulic loss were large. Along with the middle pier length increased, the conduit hydraulic loss decreased firstly and then increased, the conduit bias coefficient decreased gradually. When the middle pier length was 23.35 m, the conduit bias coefficient was smaller than 1, the discharge of right side was bigger than that of left side in the outlet conduit, the main flow was skewed to the right hole. The discharge from the left and right sides of the outlet conduit is basically equal when the middle pier was lengthened to an appropriate value. The slanted outlet conduit scheme with proper extension of the middle pier length had been verified by the model test of the pump system. The efficiency of optimal operation point for the pump system with slanted extension shaft reached 80.56%, the model test results were basically the same with the numerical simulation results. The pressure values on the left and right sides were very close at corresponding time and the pressure variation trends were basically the same. These model test results indicated that the flow pattern of left and right sides were nearly the same and the expected rectification effect was achieved. The slanted outlet conduit scheme whose middle pier length was 23.35 m had been recognized by the relevant engineering design institute and applied to the engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

旅游流与区域交通系统的耦合发展对区域旅游市场开发与合作具有重要作用.基于西北5省1995~2014年旅游流与区域交通系统的相关数据，采用耦合协调度模型与GIS分析法，对西北5省旅游流与区域交通系统耦合协调度的时间演变特征与空间格局进行了历时态与共时态比较分析.结果表明：(1)西北5省旅游流与区域交通系统综合发展水平曲线呈现由低向高演进的态势，总体标准差均值分别为0.251和0.294，且区域内部差距逐渐凸显；(2)西北5省旅游流与区域交通的耦合协调度演变曲线呈现历时性波动上升且趋同发展态势，总体标准差均值为0.173,且区域内部差距逐渐扩大；(3)西北5省旅游流与区域交通耦合协调度类型实现了由严重失调向初级协调的转变，耦合协调度由低层次趋同向高层次趋异演变，并最终演变成“哑铃型”的发展格局.

Objective: To study Clinical efficacy of Intravenous rh-bnp Combined with Atorvastatin in the Treatment of Heart Failure after Acute Myocardial Infarction and Its Effect on the Serum Levels of Myocardial troponin (cardiac troponin, cTn-I), Myoglobin (Myoglobin, Myo), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB). Methods: 72 patients with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction admitted to our hospital from February 2017 to January 2019 were selected, were divided into observation group 38 cases and control group 34 cases according to random number table method. The control group was treated with atorvastatin, and rh-bnp was added to the observation group on the basis of the control group to observe and compare the clinical efficacy of the two groups, the changes of serum ctn-i, Myo and ck-mb levels before and after treatment, and the occurrence of adverse reactions after treatment. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05), and the serum levels of ctn-i, Myo and ck-mb were significantly lower than those of the control group [(0.23± 0.10) vs (0.16± 0.08), (27.54 ± 3.86) vs (21.62 ± 2.54), (70.82± 9.25) vs (61.28± 8.33)](P<0.05). The overall incidence of adverse reactions after treatment in the observation group was 7.89%, significantly lower than that in the control group (26.47%, P<0.05). Conclusion: Compared with atorvastatin alone, intravenous rh-bnp combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction can significantly improve the clinical efficacy and safety, and effectively reduce serum levels of ctn-i, Myo and ck-mb. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Cannulated compression screw internal fixation is most common method for treating femoral neck fractures. Conventional supine position is difficult to carry out in primary hospitals because of its dependence on the traction bed, so it is difficult to be promoted. OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of lateral and horizontal positions with cannulated compression screw for the treating femoral neck fracture, and to provide evidence for intraoperative position selection. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 64 patients with Garden I-II femoral neck fractures admitted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine/Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2013 to December 2015 was conducted. All patients were treated with cannulated screw fixation, and divided into two groups according to different positions (n=32 per group). The patients signed the informed consents and the study was approved by the ethics committee of hospital. Control group was given internal fixation treatment on the traction bed under the horizontal position, and trial group was treated with internal fixation on the ordinary operating bed (non-traction bed) under the lateral position. The surgical trauma (operation time, length of incision, intraoperative blood loss), treatment outcomes (post-bed time, fracture healing time and Harris score at postoperative 6 months) and complications were compared between two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) All patients were followed up for more than 6 months, and all achieved fracture healing. (2) The incision length, intraoperative blood loss, post-bed time, Harris score at postoperative 6 months and incidence of complications showed no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). (3) The operation time and preoperative waiting time in the trial group were significantly less than those in the control group, and the fluoroscopy times was significantly more than that in the control group (P < 0.01). (4) There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P > 0.05). (5) In summary, the treatment of femoral neck fracture with closed reduction and cannulated compression screw in the lateral and supine positions is similar in promoting postoperative hip function recovery, and no serious postoperative complications occur. Lateral positi on can effectively shorten the preoperative preparation time from anesthesia to incision, but the intraoperative radiation amount is higher than that in the horizontal position. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming at the problems of large tool loss and serious chipping in the traditional ceramic tile edge grinding, and the secondary damage to the machined surface caused by the end face of the grinding disc parallelled with the workpiece, a rotary ultrasonic edging method for grinding the end face of the disc and the workpiece at a certain grinding angle was proposed. The single-factor experimental study on the variation of the grinding force of the ceramic tile and the grinding disc at different grinding angles and grinding heights was carried out by using the rotating ultrasonic edging tester and Kistler dynamometer. The influence of the grinding angle, grinding height and other test variables on the grinding force were investigated by orthogonal test. The results indicate that the grinding angle has little effect on the grinding force, and the grinding height has the most obvious influence on the radial grinding force. The order of influence of each factor on the grinding force from big to small are the feed rate, the grinding depth, the grinding height, the spindle speed, the ultrasonic current and the grinding angle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: There is no consensus on the effectiveness and safety of Tai Chi of traditional body refreshment for patients concerning bone mineral density loss, which needs further investigation. OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of Tai Chi of traditional body refreshment for improving bone mineral density loss. METHODS: Databases including CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, MEDLINE, EMbase and Cochrane Library were searched by computer for randomized controlled trials involving Tai Chi of traditional body refreshment (including Tai Ji Quan, Tai Chi push hand, Tai Chi softball, et al.) on the effect of bone health/bone mineral density published before January 2019. The related periodicals were also manually retrieved. Literature screening, data extraction and methodological quality were conducted based on the Cochrane methods. Meta-analysis was performed on RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Fourteen articles including 16 randomized controlled trials were included. Meta-analyses results found that: Tai Chi of traditional body refreshment was superior to the control group in improving bone mineral density of L2-4 (SMD=0.40, 95%CI[0.16, 0.65], P=0.001), and femoral neck (SMD=0.75, 95%CI [0.27, 1.24], P=0.002). Furthermore, no significant differences were observed between groups in bone mineral density of Ward’s triangle (SMD=0.50, 95%CI[-0.10, 1.10], P=0.10), femoral shaft (SMD=0.16, 95%CI [-0.11, 0.44], P=0.25), proximal femoral trochanter (SMD=0.54, 95%CI [-0.01, 1.09], P=0.05), and 1/3 distal radius (SMD=0.20, 95%CI [-0.26, 0.66], P=0.040). No seriously adverse events were reported. Current evidence suggest that Tai Chi of traditional body refreshment shows additive benefits for the improvement of bone mineral density loss of lumbar spine and femoral neck in specific populations (such as elderly, osteoporosis groups, perimenopausal and postmenopausal women). In view of the study of small number and itself limitations, further clinical trials with high quality and rigorous design are needed for further verification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To explore whether prenatal stress can enhance the accumulation of blood/bone lead in the offspring on the basis of prenatal lead exposure, and to compare the effects of prenatal single exposures to stress/lead and prenatal combined exposure to lead and stress on fear-conditioning memory in the offspring. Methods: Pregnant rats were randomly divided into control group, stress exposure group, lead exposure group and combined lead-stress exposure group. After delivery, each group contained twelve pups (male:female1:1). The extinction process of fear-conditioning memory was evaluatedthe fear-conditioning test in the offspring at 3 weeks old. The offspring were then sacrificed at 4 weeks old. Blood and tibia samples were collected, blood lead was measuredusing the atomic absorption spectrometer, and tibia lead was measuredusing the inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. The levels of blood lead, bone lead and fear memory were comparedanalysis of variance, and the relationship between blood lead, bone lead and fear memory were analyzedLogistic regression model. Results: The levels of blood and bone lead in the lead exposure group (P blood lead0.013, P bone lead0.000) and combined exposure group (P blood lead0.000, P bone lead0.000) were significantly higher than those in the control group; the level of blood lead in the stress group was higher but not significantly different that in the control group (P blood lead0.056) and the level of bone lead in the stress group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P bone lead0.004); the levels of blood and bone lead in combined exposure group were higher than those in the lead exposure group, but the differences didn't reach statistical significance (P blood lead0.682, P bone lead0.124). Compared with young rats in the lowest blood lead/bone lead groups, young rats in the groups of higher blood/bone lead levels had higher odds ratios of high fear reaction during the second (P0.008/P0.016) and the third (P0.019/P0.005) time periods. The ratios of freezing time in the first [(83.73±25.47)%] and the second [(92.97±15.75)%] periods of the fear-conditioning test in the combined exposure group were significantly higher than those in the control group [the first period, (65.35±28.80)%, P10.048; the second period, (68.78±27.22)%, P20.021]. Conclusion: Compared with the single exposure to lead during pregnancy, maternal gestation combined exposure to lead and stress may induce more increases in the blood and bone lead levels in the offspring. Lead exposure during pregnancy may inhibit the process of the extinction of fear memory in the offspring, and this effect may be aggravatedprenatal concurrent exposure to stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of the research is to optimize the process of preparing fish oil microcapsules by jet cavitation by using soy protein isolate as the wall material. The effect of wall material addition, emulsifier addition, core material addition and jet cavitation treatment time on emulsion stability and fish oil microcapsule embedding rate was studied by spray drying method. The response surface test was used to analyze various factors to obtain the most. The preparation process of the microcapsules was carried out, and the structure, physical and chemical properties and stability of the prepared microcapsule products were compared with those of the commercially available products. The feasibility of jet cavitation technology in the manufacturing process of microcapsules is discussed, which provides a preliminary theoretical basis for the application of jet cavitation technology in food. The results showed that the emulsion obtained under the conditions of 3.21% of wall material, 0.21% of emulsifier added, 19.70% of core material and 11.25 min of jet cavitation treatment time had better stability, and the embedding rate of fish oil microcapsules reached 94.14%; compared with commercially available fish oil microcapsules, the embedding rate increased by 4.91%. The microcapsule product has spherical microstructure, no cracks, pores and cracks, dense structure, fullness and fullness, and complete particle morphology, which basically achieves the intended purpose of embedding. The microcapsule product has a small particle size, a normal distribution and a narrow region. This indicates that the microcapsules have a uniform particle size distribution, and the particle size is small, the surface oil content is lowered, the embedding rate is increased, and the embedding effect is good. The angle of repose of the microcapsule powder was determined to be 40.39°, which was 9.37° lower than that of the commercially available microcapsules, and the smaller the angle of repose of the powder product, the smaller the frictional force and the better the fluidity. The microcapsule powder was measured to have a moisture content of 3.07% and a solubility of 96.30%, and the solubility was good. The results of differential scanning calorimetry show that the microcapsules have a high thermal dissolution temperature and can be used for storage at room temperature. This may be because the microcapsule particles in this study are spherical and dense in structure. The instantaneous high temperature during spray drying rapidly evaporates the water in the emulsion and hardens the surface. Therefore, the temperature and energy required for the phase transition of the sample are higher, and the thermal stability is better. The accelerated storage test of the fish oil after embedding showed that microencapsulation can improve the oxidative stability of fish oil. This is due to the dense and void-free structure of the microcapsule product in this study. The surface oil content is low, and the wall material is good for embedding fish oil, which hinders the influence of external conditions on fish oil and isolates oxygen, thus slowing down the oxidation rate, thermal stability can be better. Therefore, it can effectively delay the oxidative deterioration of fish oil microcapsules during storage and prolong the shelf life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The key procedure lo compute the mean and standard variance of geotechnical testing data is sufficient and exact data. However, due to various uncertainties in engineering practice, it is more difficult lo obtain sufficient and exact data. This paper used the mathematical statistical method lo set up the optimization model of geotechnical parameters, which could classify the geotechnical parameters into “good data” and “general data” and gel rid of the singular data. Then the smaller sample between the “good data” and “general data” was advanced by using random weighing method. Finally, Bayesian method was introduced to optimize the mean and standard variance of geotechnical data. The results through ease study show that the standard variance of optimized data is greatly decreased. The difference between the mean of “optimized probability distribution” and “good data” is pretty small. The mean of “general data” and “all data” is greater than that of “optimized probability distribution” and “good data” , which verifies the presented method can scientifically and reasonably estimate the safely of engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the correlation of the expression of liver tissue hepatitisB (HBV) virus cccDNA with serum macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in patients with hepatitis B. Methods: From February 2016 to July 2016, 144 cases of patients with hepatitis B in our hospital were selected as the hepatitis B group, and the other 144 cases of healthy controls undergoing physical examination were selected as the control group at the same time. The expression of HBV cccDNA in the liver tissue of patients with hepatitis B was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The correlation of HBV cccDNA expression and serum ALT, TBiL, AST and MIF levels in hepatitis B group was analyzed by linear correlation analysis. Results: The serum levels of MIF, ALT, TBiL and AST in the hepatitis B group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The positive rate of HBV cccDNA in liver tissue of hepatitis B group was 54.17%(78/144). The linear correlation analysis showed that the expression of HBV cccDNA were positively correlated with the serum ALT, TBiL, AST and MIF levels (P<0.05). Conclusions: The level of serum MIF was positively correlated with the expression of HBV cccDNA in the liver tissue of patients with hepatitis B, Therefore, the detection of serum MIF level can contribute to assess the HBV infection in hepatitis B patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the clinical significances of serum vitamin D and trace element monitoring in children with pneumonia. Methods: 600 cases of children with pneumonia admitted from January 2015 to January 2016 were selected as the observation group and 400 cases of healthy children admitted in the hospital for physical examination at the same time were selected as the control group, the vitamin D, iron, zinc, calcium, copper, magnesiumlevels were compared between two groups of children. Results: The proportion of zinc and iron deficiency of observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P< 0.05), and the lack of calcium, copper and magnesiumshowed no significant difference between two groups(P>0.05). The zinc, iron in the body content of children under 1 years of age (including 1 years old, infancy), 1-3 years old (including 3 years old, early childhood) and 3-6 years old (including 6 years old, preschool children) in the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group(P<0.05), the content of calcium, copper, magnesium showed no statistically significant difference between two groups (P>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the levels of 25-hydroxyl vitamin D between the two groups of children (P> 0.05). Conclusion: Zinc and iron deficiency may have a certain relationship with the development of children's pneumonia. Timely supplementation of zinc and iron can improve the immunity of children and promote recovery of children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of resveratrol on hypertension-related myocardial fibrosis and the key role of TNF-β/Smads signaling pathway in the anti-fibrosis of resveratrol. Methods The expression of vimentin in the primary rat CFs was evaluated by immunofluorescence to determine the cell type. CFs were treated in different conditions, the mRNA expression levels of type I and type III collagen and TGF-β1 were detected by Real-time PCR; the protein expression levels of type I and type III collagen, TGF-β1, Smad-3 and P-Smad-3 were detected by Western blot. The secretion levels of type I collagen and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant were measured by ELISA assay. Results Rat CFs were successfully extracted, and vimentin expression was obvious. Real-time PCR results indicated that the gene expression levels of collagen I and III and TGF-β1 in CFs by exposure to AngII were significantly increased as compared with those in normal group (P<0.05). However, AngII-induced collagen I and III and TGF-β1 mRNA upregulation was inhibited by Res treatment (P<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the protein expressions of collagen I and III and TGF-β1 in CFs were also increased after exposed to AngII when compared to the normal controls (P<0.05). Similarly, AngII-mediated collagen I and III and TGF-β1 upregulation was prevented by Res treatment (P<0.05). In addition, the phosphorylation level of Smad-3 was enhanced by both interventions (P<0.05). However, AngII stimulated TGF-β1 upregulation while Smad-3 phosphorylation was suppressed by Res treatment (P<0.05). The secretion levels of collagen I and TGF-β1 in CFs supernatant increased significantly in CFs exposed to AngII condition as compared with those in normal condition (P<0.05). However, AngII increased collagen I and TGF-β1 secretion was prevented by Res intervention (P<0.05). Conclusion Resveratrol inhibits the expressions of type I and type III collagen induced by AngII in cardiac fibroblasts through regulating the TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Bone defects are one of the most important challenges that surgeons have to manage in total knee arthroplasty. The reasonable treatment method can guarantee the effect of the repair operation. OBJECTIVE: To review the relevant literatures concerning bone defects treated by primary total knee arthroplasty and revision total knee arthroplasty, and to analyze the optimal managements for different types of bone defects. METHODS: Relevant literatures were identified in China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang data, Vip, PubMed, Medline, and Web of Science. The key words were “total knee arthroplasty, total knee replacement, revision total knee arthroplasty, bone loss, bone defect, bone deficiency, management”. The included studies were analyzed and summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Sixty-two studies regarding total knee arthroplasty for bone defects were included, without recognized standards on the type of bone defects. AORI is the most widely used classification for bone defects. (2) Pre-operated detailed evaluation including laboratory and radiographic examination, and accurate diagnosis are the key to success. (3) Management of bone defect was similar in tibia and femur, but there is still no standard classification and management of patellar bone defect. (4) Using stem fixation whenever a femoral or tibial component is revised can improve clinical outcome. (5) Through detailed evaluation, accurate diagnose and appropriate classification of bone defect, selection, according to the characteristics of different strategies, the age of the patient and the needs of life, can get a good clinical result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective： To study the protective effects and the mechanism of Translationally Controlled Tumor Protein in the radia- tion-induced bystander effect of glioma cells. Methods： The colony formation of U87 and SHG44 cells treated by different doses of radia- tion were detected, and western blot was used to analyze the expression of TCTP after the treatment by optimal dose of radiation. The glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which were treated by optimal dose of radiation were co-cultured with the glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which hadn＇t been treated by the radiation. The changes of relative cell proliferation of U87 and SHG44 after the radiation were detected through MTT assay, and western blot was used to analyze the expression of Caspase3 between the co-cultured and the radiation of glioma cells on U87 and SHG44. Results： In the glioma cells of U87 and SHG44, the colony formation was significantly decreased with the increase of X ray radiation dose （P〈0.05）. After being treated by optimal dose of radiation, the expression of TCTP was signifi- cantly increased compared with the glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which hadn＇t been treated by the radiation （P〈0.05）. After co-cul- tured the glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which were treated by optimal dose of radiation and the glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which hadn＇t been treated by the radiation, the relative cell proliferation was significantly increased compared with the glioma cells of US7 and SHG44 which were treated by optimal dose of radiation, and meanwhile the expression of Caspase-3 was significantly reduced （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： Increase the expression of TCTP could induce the anti-apoptotic effect of glioma cells of U87 and SHG44 which hadn＇t been treated by the radiation, and the mechanism might be related to the expression of Caspase-3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: With the development of modern communication and the popularization of mobile phone, the exposure level of radiofrequency (RF) radiation emitted from mobile phone has been increased unprecedentedly, which leads to extensive public concern about the influences of RF radiation on human health. This investigation was designed to explore the effects of environmental radio frequency fields on the permeability of blood brain barrier (BBB). Methods: 36 healthy adult male SD rats were assigned to sham group and exposure group randomly. The rats of exposure group were exposed to 1840 MHz at specific absorption rate (SAR) of 2 W/kg for 1 h/day and 7 days totally. After RF exposure, the rats were sacrificed immediately. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) of exogenous lanthanum nitrate (La3+)-tracing, albumin immunohistochemical staining and western blotting were performed to observe the permeability of BBB and the protein level of tight junction (TJ) associated protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Results: The cerebral cortex of sham group showed general normal appearance of nerve cells and endothelial cells. The lanthanum nitrate was confined to the lumen. However in exposure group, there was linear deposition of lanthanum particles between the endothelial cells and the basement membrane as well as in the brain parenchyma. Similarly, albumin immunoactivity was found around cortical microvessels. These results indicated that the permeability of BBB increased after RF exposure. Meanwhile, western blot results showed that the expression level of ZO-1 decreased slightly (t=5.438, P < 0.001) compared with the sham group. At the level of α=0.05, the difference was statistically significant. Conclusions: Exposure to radio frequency fields at 1840 MHz could increase the BBB permeability, and probably tight junction associated protein ZO-1 was involved in it. In this context, people who have been exposed to RF radiation with high SAR value for long time may suffer fromhigh risk of BBB breakdown and CNS disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of 1840 MHz radiation-frequency electromagnetic radiation on the sex hormone secretion and anti-oxidative damage of male SD rats. Methods: 48 SD rats were divided into eight groups: two sham exposure groups (control group) and six exposure groups. The exposure groups were exposed to 1840MHz. with SAR (Specific absorption rate) of 0.2. 0.5. 1.5 W/kg. for 3 or 5 weeks of 5 d/week and 30 mind. The SD rats were anesthetized and put to execution after exposure immediately. Testis and blood of heart were collected and the testis was fixed by paraformaldehyde. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining combined with microscope to observe the morphology of left testicular tissue. The right testis were stained in immunocytochemistry to observe the distribution of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and 8-OHdG which is a kind of DNA oxidative damage marker. Radioimmunoassay was used to detect in the concentration of FSH. GH. GnRH. LH and Testosterone. Results: Compared with the control group, themoiphology and the distribution of HSP70 and 8-OHdG in testicular tissue didn't have any extremely difference hi every exposure group. But after radiation of 1840MHz. with SAR of 0.2, 0.5 W/kg for 3 weeks of 5 d/week and 30 min/d, the levels of FSH. GnRH and LH in the irradiated group were lower than those in control group and the difference was statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusions: After the exposure of 1840 MHz radiation, the morphology change of testis didn't induced, but the reproductive endocrine function of testis changed a lot to some content, while it couldn't mdjiice the oxidative damage of testis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the process of collection, access and transmission, images often mix with noise, but the effect of several traditional denoising methods are unsatisfactory. This paper proposed a new method for image denoising. It decomposed a noised image into a series of sub-frequency modes by bi-dimensional variational mode decomposition method. After retaining its low frequency modes and processing them by adaptive median filtering, it obtained the denoised image. Compared with the other common denoising methods, the experimental results show that the proposed approach can not only remove the noise effectively, but also preserve the details well. Moreover, it can also obtain better visual quality and get better objective evaluation parameters. The denoising effect is more obvious with the increase of the noise intense. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structure characteristic is a typical feature of the unsaturated undisturbed loess, which is an important key factor to affect its strength, deformation properties, and son on, and to distinguish the loess from other special soils. To understand the structure of loess, the key is to find the right way to study the structure. Computerized tomography (CT) technology can detect nondestructively the internal meso-structure in real time, so it is used to be a powerful means for loess structure research. However, it is few reports about the influence of structure on yielding features and the structural evolution characteristics of unsaturated loess during isotropic loading process. In this paper, we took the multifunctional geotechnical triaxial apparatus and the CT technology to research loess structure, and the hydrostatic triaxial compressure tests were carried out by using of 4 undisturbed loess samples whose control matric suction was a constant. When the value of volumetric deformation and water displacement of loess samples reached the expected criteria during loading process, we scanned nondestructively the 4 loess samples with the help of CT technology and got some CT scanning data and images. The structural evolution law of the undisturbed loess during isotropic loading procedure was described by means of the relationship between the macro-scopic mechanical index and the meso-scopic scanning data. In these studies, we found that the structure of undisturbed loess could resist the external load to a certain extent, but the influence of loess structure on yielding characteristic was closely related to matric suction. The CT number increased slowly before sample yielding, however, after sample yielding, the structural effect was reduced obviously and the CT number had a linear growth trend, which indicated that the loess sample entered into the plastic hardening stage. When the suction increased, the structure of undisturbed loess had little effect on the mechanical deformation. When the suction decreased, the water film lubrication between soil particles was obvious, so the effect of the structure fighting against the external load was enhanced obviously. After the net mean stress was applied, the voids and pores of loess samples would decrease, but they would not be closed completely, which was related to the formation of new structures that resisted external loads. According to the CT scanning data, the structural parameters and the structural damage variable were defined during isotropic loading tests, respectively, and then the evolution characteristics of the meso-structure of the undisturbed loess were clarified. In addition, we described accurately the relationships between the structural damage variables and the volumetric strain, and the change of the water phase of loess samples, respectively, and established the damage evolution equation of undisturbed loess structure during isotropic loading procedure. This new damage equation had the characteristics of one parameter and simple form, and could well reflect the influence of the change of solid and liquid phase on the structural damage. The validity of new equation was verified preliminarily by comparison of computation results and test data, which indicated very good agreement between each other. The research results in this paper will provide the reference for establishing the structural constitutive model of undisturbed loess and give a gateway to reasonably analyze loess structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【目的】 研究宫颈癌恶变过程中血管内皮细胞生长因子C （vascular endothelial growth factor C, VEGF-C）及膜突蛋白 （moesin）的表达变化，并在培养的宫颈癌细胞中初步探讨VEGF-C对膜突蛋白的调控作用。【方法】利用临床上活体取材的不同临床分期的宫颈癌组织标本及正常对照宫颈组织，蛋白免疫印迹法检测VEGF-C及moesin蛋白的表达情况。体外培养宫颈癌细胞株Hela细胞，蛋白免疫印迹法测定VEGF-C对moesin蛋白的表达和磷酸化的调控作用。【结果】 随着宫颈癌临床分期的增高，VEGF-C、moesin蛋白及磷酸化moesin蛋白表达水平均随之增加。与正常宫颈组织比较，宫颈原位癌（CIN）组织中VEGF-C、moesin、磷酸化moesin蛋白表达分别增加了（45±9）％、（63±12）％、（74±16）％（P < 0.05）；宫颈鳞癌I期各蛋白增高幅度分别为（94±18）％、（104±27）％、（123±30）％（P< 0.01）；宫颈鳞癌Ⅱ期（未放疗化疗）各蛋白表达增高更为显著，其幅度分别为（186±24）％、（246±37）％、（194±28）％（P < 0.001）。在培养的宫颈癌细胞株HeLa细胞上，VEGF-C（100 ?g/L）处理24 h后，可显著增高moesin蛋白、磷酸化moesin蛋白的表达。VEGF-C单克隆抗体可抑制VEGF-C对moesin蛋白表达及磷酸化的上调作用。【结论】 VEGF-C、moesin蛋白表达与宫颈癌恶性程度密切相关，VEGF-C可能通过上调moesin表达及其磷酸化水平而促进宫颈癌的恶性进展。