349 results on '"Vibrio cholerae non-O1"'
Search Results
2. Bacteremia by non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae: Case description and literature review.
- Author
-
Rodríguez, José Y., Duarte, Carolina, Rodríguez, Gerson J., Angeline Montaño, Lucy, Benítez-Peñuela, Miguel A., Díaz, Paula, López, Olga, and Álvarez-Moreno, Carlos A.
- Subjects
VIBRIO cholerae ,LITERATURE reviews ,BACTEREMIA ,CHOLERA ,AGGLUTINATION tests ,POLYMERASE chain reaction - Abstract
Copyright of Biomédica: Revista del Instituto Nacional de Salud is the property of Instituto Nacional de Salud of Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Vibrio cholerae non-O1 - the first reported case of keratitis in a healthy patient
- Author
-
Wei-Dar Chen, Li-Ju Lai, Wei-Hsiu Hsu, and Tsung-Yu Huang
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Keratitis ,Virulence factor ,Marine shrimp ,Corneal ulcer ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Vibrio cholerae non-O1 is a virulent pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality in humans. Herein, we report a case of corneal ulcer caused by this pathogen. Case presentation A 59-year-old fisherman with no systemic history was struck in the right eye by a marine shrimp and developed keratitis. Corneal scrapping culture revealed the presence of the V. cholerae non-O1, and its identification was confirmed by Analytical Profile Index 20E system and polymerase chain reaction. He was successfully treated with topical levofloxacin (0.3%) and fortified amikacin (12.5 mg/mL) for 2 weeks. The visual acuity recovered to 20/25 after treatment without complications. Conclusions This is the first case report of keratitis caused by V. cholerae non-O1 strain. Ocular injury by marine creatures and contaminated seawater can contribute to severe corneal ulcer. Early diagnosis can be achieved by meticulous history taking and a comprehensive laboratory workup. Simultaneously, an effective antibiotic therapy can lead to a positive outcome.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Bacteriemia por Vibrio cholerae (no-O1/no O139): reporte de caso.
- Author
-
Camilo Motta, Juan, Forero, Carolina, Arango, Álvaro, Hernández-Linares, Isabel, and Sánchez, Magda
- Abstract
Copyright of Acta Médica Peruana is the property of Colegio Medico del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Death in a farmer with underlying diseases carrying Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 producing zonula occludens toxin
- Author
-
Ying, Zhao, Tingting, He, Bowen, Tu, Xujian, Mao, Jingyi, Jiang, Xia, Jiang, Fengming, Wang, Min, Wang, Yu, Wang, and Hongyan, Sun
- Subjects
Endotoxins ,Male ,Microbiology (medical) ,Cholera Toxin ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Farmers ,Infectious Diseases ,Cholera ,Humans ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged - Abstract
The non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae caused outbreaks or sporadic cases of gastroenteritis that was rarely seen in good sanitary condition. It was described a case of systemic multiple organ lesions that worsened because of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, suggesting that serogroups have a potential virulence in enhancing pathogenicity with patients with underlying diseases compared with a healthy population.Samples are identified by strain culture, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) virulence identification, and whole genome sequencing.A middle-aged man was diagnosed with cytotoxin-producing and nontoxin V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 serogroups. Although lacking the CT toxin encoded by ctxAB gene, the pathogenesis of cholera relies on the synergistic action of many other genes, especially virulence genes.This case suggested that the laborers engaging in agricultural production are at potential risk of V. cholerae infection by exposure of open wounds to contaminated water . However, epidemiological investigation should focus on the objective cause of the change of working environment. Furthermore, common diseases can possibly enhance the virulence of non-O1/non-O139 serogroups by attacking the tight junction of small intestinal epithelial cells, further triggering bacteremia, a process that may lead to death within 48-72 hours, which requires great attention.
- Published
- 2022
6. Genomic and functional insights into antibiotic resistance genes floR and strA linked with the SXT element of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139.
- Author
-
Saha M, Pragasam AK, Kumari S, Verma J, Das B, and Bhadra RK
- Subjects
- Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Genomics, Chloramphenicol, Streptomycin, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Vibrio cholerae non-O1
- Abstract
The emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacterial pathogens are a critical public health concern across the globe. Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) play an important role in the horizontal acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in bacteria. In this study, we have decoded the whole genome sequences of multidrug-resistant Vibrio cholerae clinical isolates carrying the ARG-linked SXT, an integrative and conjugative element, in their large chromosomes. As in others, the SXT element has been found integrated into the 5'-end of the prfC gene (which encodes peptide chain release factor 3 involved in translational regulation) on the large chromosome of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains. Further, we demonstrate the functionality of SXT-linked floR and strAB genes, which confer resistance to chloramphenicol and streptomycin, respectively. The floR gene-encoded protein FloR belongs to the major facilitator superfamily efflux transporter containing 12 transmembrane domains (TMDs). Deletion analysis confirmed that even a single TMD of FloR is critical for the export function of chloramphenicol. The floR gene has two putative promoters, P1 and P2. Sequential deletions reveal that P2 is responsible for the expression of the floR . Deletion analysis of the N- and/or C-terminal coding regions of strA established their importance for conferring resistance against streptomycin. Interestingly, qPCR analysis of the floR and strA genes indicated that both of the genes are constitutively expressed in V. cholerae cells. Further, whole genome-based global phylogeography confirmed the presence of the integrative and conjugative element SXT in non-O1/non-O139 strains despite being non-multidrug resistant by lacking antimicrobial resistance (AMR) gene cassettes, which needs monitoring.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Study Findings on Vibrio cholerae Detailed by Researchers at Robert Koch Institute (Virulence and resistance patterns of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 acquired in Germany and other European countries).
- Abstract
A recent study conducted by researchers at the Robert Koch Institute in Germany examined the virulence and resistance patterns of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains in Germany and other European countries. The study found that global warming has led to an increase in the emergence of Vibrio species in various environments. The researchers analyzed 63 clinical and 24 environmental strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and identified high genetic diversity among the isolates. They also discovered the presence of antibiotic resistance genes, including the carbapenemase gene VCC-1, in some isolates. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance to protect public health. [Extracted from the article]
- Published
- 2023
8. Bacteremia by non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae: Case description and literature review.
- Author
-
Rodríguez JY, Duarte C, Rodríguez GJ, Montaño LA, Benítez-Peñuela MA, Díaz P, López O, and Álvarez-Moreno CA
- Subjects
- Humans, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Vibrio cholerae non-O1 genetics, Bacteremia diagnosis
- Abstract
Bacteremia by non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae is a rare entity associated with high mortality rates. We report a case of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae bacteremia confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and agglutination tests. The clinicoepidemiological characteristics and therapeutic options for this infection are also described.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. A rare and unusual cause of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 causing spontaneous peritonitis in a patient with cirrhosis
- Author
-
Nazri Mustaffa, A Muhd Besari, E.A.R. Engku Nur Syafirah, N A Che Azmi, Azian Harun, Nik Haszroel Hysham Nik Hashim, and Y.Y. Chan
- Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis ,Male ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Cirrhosis ,Peritoneal fluid ,Peritonitis ,Middle Aged ,Biology ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Low-grade fever ,fluids and secretions ,Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis ,Pharmacotherapy ,Cholera ,Vibrio cholerae ,medicine ,Humans - Abstract
Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Vibrio cholerae non-O1/ non-O139 is a rare phenomenon. V. cholerae is known as a common aetiology of epidemic diarrheal disease and rarely causes extra-gastrointestinal infections. In this report, a 52-year-old man presented to our hospital with a clinical scenario for chronic liver cirrhosis with low grade fever and loose stools. V. cholerae was isolated from peritoneal fluid culture, which was further confirmed as non-O1/ non-O139 strain by multiplex polymerase chain reaction. The patient was successfully treated with antimicrobial therapy and peritoneal drainage. This case represents the first isolation of V. cholerae non-O1/ non-O139 strain from peritoneal fluid.
- Published
- 2021
10. Genetic and mutational analysis of virulence traits and their modulation in an environmental toxigenic
- Author
-
Quoelee, Biswas, Ayushi, Purohit, Ashok, Kumar, Dipayan, Rakshit, Diganta, Maiti, Bhabatosh, Das, and Rupak K, Bhadra
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Bacterial Proteins ,Cholera ,Virulence ,Humans ,Phylogeny - Published
- 2022
11. Etiology and clinical features of non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae infection in an inland city in China.
- Author
-
Xiang YH, Hu QQ, Liu Y, Sheng R, Wang J, Li WJ, Shi J, Li X, and Lu SH
- Subjects
- Humans, Aged, Retrospective Studies, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Cholera diagnosis, Vibrio cholerae non-O1, Bacteremia diagnosis
- Abstract
Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) causes various illnesses ranging in severity from mild to life-threatening but were ignored previously. Knowledge of the NOVC infection, particularly bacteremia, is limited because of its rarity. Here we first retrospectively reported the demographic, clinical, and therapy characteristics of patients with NOVC infection. Isolated NOVC stains were identified by a series of biochemical, mass spectrometry (MS), and serum agglutination tests. The results of 11 patients with NOVC infection (including 8 with bacteremia) with a median age of 68 years were included in this report. Most isolated NOVC strains had antibiotic susceptibility. Patients with NOVC-positive were distributed in various departments, most occurring in gastroenterology (6 cases). Hepatic disease was the most common comorbid disease, followed by diabetes (3 cases) and biliary tract disease (3 cases). Two cases were previously healthy. The most common symptom at presentation was fever. All patients presented with abnormal changes in hematology and inflammatory parameters. Cephalosporins were the most frequently used antibiotics. Ten patients had a favorable outcome after treatment; one died from complicated underlying diseases. In summary, we recommend the timely identification of NOVC strains using MALDI-TOF-MS. The suspicion of NOVC bacteremia cannot be ruled out regardless of the host's immune status. An alternative therapeutic regimen for this infection may be β-lactam antibiotics or combined with β-lactamase inhibitors. Regardless, the specific therapeutic regimen should be based on the antibiogram data.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Antimicrobial resistance among clinical Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolates: systematic review and meta-analysis.
- Author
-
Wu Q, Vaziri AZ, Omidi N, Hassan Kaviar V, Maleki A, Khadivar P, and Kouhsari E
- Subjects
- Humans, Anti-Bacterial Agents pharmacology, Anti-Bacterial Agents therapeutic use, Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Ciprofloxacin, Tetracycline, Chloramphenicol, Kanamycin, Erythromycin, Gentamicins, Microbial Sensitivity Tests, Vibrio cholerae non-O1, Cholera drug therapy, Cholera epidemiology
- Abstract
Non-O1/non-O139 Vibrio cholerae (NOVC) are nonpathogenic or asymptomatic colonizers in humans, but they may be related to intestinal or extra-intestinal (severe wound infections or sepsis) infections in immunocompromised patients.The present study aimed to evaluate the weighted pooled resistance (WPR) rates in clinical NOVC isolates based on different years, areas, quality, antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), and resistance rates. We systematically searched the articles in PubMed, Scopus, and Embase (until January 2020). Data analyses were performed using the Stata software program (version 17). A total of 16 studies that had investigated 824 clinical NOVC isolates were included in the meta-analysis. The majority of the studies were conducted in Asia (n = 14) and followed by Africa (n = 2). The WPR rates were as follows: erythromycin 10%, ciprofloxacin 5%, cotrimoxazole 27%, and tetracycline 13%. There was an increase in resistance to ciprofloxacin, nalidixic acid, and gentamicin, norfloxacin during the period from 2000 to 2020. On the contrary, there was a decreased resistance to erythromycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole, ampicillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, and neomycin during the period from 2000 to 2020. The lowest resistance rate were related to gentamicin, kanamycin, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol against NOVC strains. However, temporal changes in antimicrobial resistance rate were found in our study. We established continuous surveillance, careful appropriate AST, and limitations on improper antibiotic usage, which are essential, especially in low-income countries.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. A SPECTRUM OF CARBOHYDRATE SPECIFICITY OF RECEPTORS OF ADHESION OF VIBRIO CHOLERAE NON-O1, NON-O139
- Author
-
N. R. Telesmanich, M. V. Poleeva, Yu. M. Lomov, and V. V. Agafonova
- Subjects
vibrio cholerae non-o1 ,non-o139 ,adhesion ,hemagglutination ,lectin receptors ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Purpose: revealing of the fullest spectrum of specificity lectin receptors strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139, participating in adgesion mechanisms, on model of agglutination of erythrocytes in reaction of competitive ingibition.Materials and methods: in work are used strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139, isolated from objects of environment and from people. Spectrum lectin receptors defined in inhibition reaction hemagglutination.Results: it is revealed, that strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139, irrespective of object of allocation possess weak ability to agglutination of erythrocytes that correlates with low adhesion. Low ability to agglutination is caused astable by an expression of adhesins (lectin receptors) various specificity. Ability to an expression of receptors of very wide spectrum, coming to light on a wide spectrum of different kinds of erythrocytes.Summary: at strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 it is not revealed distinctions in specificity lectin receptors depending on an accessory to serogroupe, toxigenic, object of isolation.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Expression and characterization of family 40 Carbohydrate Binding Module (CBM) from Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 sialidase
- Author
-
Asmad Kari, Shadariah Mamat, Nadiawati Alias, and Gogula Selvi Asang
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,03 medical and health sciences ,Biochemistry ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Chemistry ,030302 biochemistry & molecular biology ,Carbohydrate-binding module ,Sialidase ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology ,Biotechnology - Abstract
Carbohydrate Binding Module (CBM) is a non-catalytic protein domain found in carbohydrate-active enzyme (glycoside hydrolase) and its role is to bring carbohydrates in close proximity to the enzyme catalytic site for complete hydrolysis. The removal of this CBM from most protein domains often leads to reduced enzyme activity and efficiency. In this study, a gene encoding for family 40 CBM from Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 sialidase was cloned and successfully expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain. The CBM40 encoded 195 amino acids with 585 bp of nucleotide sequence. The protein was successfully expressed at 18°C when induced with 1 mM IPTG. Maximum expression was achieved at 20 hours after post-induction time. For purification of the protein, an anionic denaturing detergent method was used containing 1% SDS and 0.1% sarkosyl with gradient affinity elution at 50 mM imidazole concentrations. SDS-PAGE analysis of the purified CBM40 protein displayed a protein band with a molecular mass of 21 kDa. Protein characterization showed optimum stability in 100 mM citrate buffer pH 5.5, with the highest Tm value of 40 °C. The protein was stable between pH 5.5–6.2 and able to retain its activity at 27–56°C. The addition of Mn2+ and Mg2+ increased the protein melting temperature to 56°C. Meanwhile, the addition of reagents, such as 1% SDS and 1 M urea increased the protein melting temperature (Tm) to approximately 55°C. Protein stability can be influenced by many factors, including different buffers, pHs, temperatures, ionic strengths, and chemical reagents used in a study. The optimum characterization conditions established would further lead to the discovery of CBM40 protein true potential in enhancing substrate binding affinity and protein-carbohydrate recognition, which underpins its broad applications in biotechnology and protein engineering fields.
- Published
- 2020
15. Continuation and replacement of <scp> Vibrio cholerae </scp> non‐O1 clonal genomic groups isolated from <scp> Plecoglossus altivelis </scp> fish in freshwaters
- Author
-
Toshihiro Nakai, Mikihiko Kawai, Taichiro Takemura, Atsushi Ota, and Fumito Maruyama
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,030306 microbiology ,Zoology ,Juvenile fish ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Genome ,Transplantation ,03 medical and health sciences ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,medicine ,Plecoglossus altivelis ,Clade ,Gene ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
The dissemination and abundances of Vibrio species in aquatic environments are of interest, as some species cause emerging diseases in humans and in aquatic organisms like fish. It is suggested that Vibrio cholerae non-O1 infections of Plecoglossus altivelis ('ayu') were spread to various parts of Japan through the annual transplantation of juvenile fish. To investigate this, we used genome-aided tracing of 17 V. cholerae strains isolated from ayu between the 1970s and 1990s in different Japanese freshwater systems. The strains formed a genomic clade distinct from all known clades, which we designate as the Ayu clade. Two clonal genomic groups identified within the clade, Ayu-1 and Ayu-2, persisted for a few years (between 1977 to 1979 and 1987 to 1990, respectively), and clonal replacement of Ayu-1 by Ayu-2 took place over an 8-year period. Despite the high similarity between Ayu-1 and Ayu-2 (> 99.9% identity and > 97% fraction of genomes shared), differences in their gene repertoires were found, raising the possibility that they are phenotypically distinct. These results highlight the importance of genome-based studies for understanding the long-term dynamics of populations over the timescale of years.
- Published
- 2020
16. Intensive care management of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis due to non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae after traveling to Taiwan: a case report
- Author
-
Kenichi Nakano, Keisuke Tsuruta, Tomoo Watanabe, Hidetada Fukushima, Kenji Uno, and Toru Ueyama
- Subjects
Diarrhea ,0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Critical Care ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Necrotizing fasciitis ,030106 microbiology ,Taiwan ,Case Report ,medicine.disease_cause ,Amputation, Surgical ,Fasciotomy ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Japan ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Intensive care ,Septic shock ,medicine ,Humans ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,Fasciitis, Necrotizing ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Fasciitis ,Vibrio cholerae ,Polymyxin B ,Massage ,Leg ,Travel ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Shock, Septic ,Cholera ,Infectious Diseases ,Amputation ,Vibrio Infections ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Background Vibrio cholerae are oxidase-positive bacteria that are classified into various serotypes based on the O surface antigen. V. cholerae serotypes are divided into two main groups: the O1 and O139 group and the non-O1/non-O139 group. O1 and O139 V. cholerae are related to cholera infection, whereas non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae (NOVC) can cause cholera-like diarrhea. A PubMed search revealed that only 16 cases of necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC have been recorded in the scientific literature to date. We report the case of a Japanese woman who developed necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC after traveling to Taiwan and returning to Japan. Case presentation A 63-year-old woman visited our hospital because she had experienced left knee pain for the past 3 days. She had a history of colon cancer (Stage IV: T3N3 M1a) and had received chemotherapy. She had visited Taiwan 5 days previously, where she had received a massage. She was diagnosed with septic shock owing to necrotizing fasciitis. She underwent fasciotomy and received intensive care. She recovered from the septic shock; however, after 3 weeks, she required an above-knee amputation for necrosis and infection. Her condition improved, and she was discharged after 22 weeks in the hospital. Conclusions With the increase in tourism, it is important for clinicians to check patients’ travel history. Clinicians should be alert to the possibility of necrotizing fasciitis in patients with risk factors. Necrotizing fasciitis caused by NOVC is severe and requires early fasciotomy and debridement followed by intensive postoperative care.
- Published
- 2020
17. Global emergence of environmental<scp>non‐O1</scp>/<scp>O139</scp>Vibrio choleraeinfections linked with climate change: a neglected research field?
- Author
-
Carla Pruzzo, Luigi Vezzulli, Craig Baker-Austin, Jaime Martinez-Urtaza, and Alexander K. T. Kirschner
- Subjects
Gene Transfer, Horizontal ,Climate Change ,Ecology (disciplines) ,Climate change ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,World health ,Disease Outbreaks ,Vibrio cholerae Infections ,03 medical and health sciences ,medicine ,Humans ,Seawater ,Genetic exchange ,Ecosystem ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,030304 developmental biology ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,0303 health sciences ,Ecology ,030306 microbiology ,Outbreak ,medicine.disease ,Cholera ,Gastroenteritis ,Vibrio cholerae ,Vibrio Infections - Abstract
The bacterium Vibrio cholerae is a natural inhabitant of aquatic ecosystems across the planet. V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 are responsible for cholera outbreaks in developing countries accounting for 3-5 million infections worldwide and 28.800-130.000 deaths per year according to the World Health Organization. In contrast, V. cholerae serogroups other than O1 and O139, also designated as V. cholerae non-O1/O139 (NOVC), are not associated with epidemic cholera but can cause other illnesses that may range in severity from mild (e.g. gastroenteritis, otitis, etc.) to life-threatening (e.g. necrotizing fasciitis). Although generally neglected, NOVC-related infections are on the rise and represent one of the most striking examples of emerging human diseases linked to climate change. NOVC strains are also believed to potentially contribute to the emergence of new pathogenic strains including strains with epidemic potential as a direct consequence of genetic exchange mechanisms such as horizontal gene transfer and genetic recombination. Besides general features concerning the biology and ecology of NOVC strains and their associated diseases, this review aims to highlight the most relevant aspects related to the emergence and potential threat posed by NOVC strains under a rapidly changing environmental and climatic scenario.
- Published
- 2020
18. Genomic characterization of antibiotic resistance‐encoding genes in clinical isolates of Vibrio cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 strains from Kolkata, India: generation of novel types of genomic islands containing plural antibiotic resistance genes
- Author
-
Devarati Dutta, Daichi Morita, Tamaki Mizuno, Makoto Ohnishi, Keinosuke Okamoto, Masatomo Morita, Goutam Chowdhury, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Eizo Takahashi, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, and Shin Ichi Miyoshi
- Subjects
antibiotic resistance ,integron ,Genomic Islands ,medicine.drug_class ,genome sequence ,Immunology ,Antibiotics ,diarrhea ,India ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,Drug resistance ,Integron ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Integrons ,03 medical and health sciences ,genomic island ,Antibiotic resistance ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ,Virology ,Genomic island ,medicine ,Humans ,Serotyping ,Vibrio cholerae ,030304 developmental biology ,Genetics ,0303 health sciences ,Whole Genome Sequencing ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Quinolone ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Vibrio Infections ,biology.protein - Abstract
Non‐O1/non‐O139 nontoxigenic Vibrio cholerae associated with cholera‐like diarrhea has been reported in Kolkata, India. However, the property involved in the pathogenicity of these strains has remained unclear. The character of 25 non‐O1/non‐O139 nontoxigenic V. cholerae isolated during 8 years from 2007 to 2014 in Kolkata was examined. Determination of the serogroup showed that the serogroups O6, O10, O35, O36, O39, and O70 were represented by two strains in each serogroup, and the remaining isolates belonged to different serogroups. To clarify the character of antibiotic resistance of these isolates, an antibiotic resistance test and the gene analysis were performed. According to antimicrobial drug susceptibility testing, 13 strains were classified as drug resistant. Among them, 10 strains were quinolone resistant and 6 of the 13 strains were resistant to more than three antibiotics. To define the genetic background of the antibiotic character of these strains, whole‐genome sequences of these strains were determined. From the analysis of these sequences, it becomes clear that all quinolone resistance isolates have mutations in quinolone resistance‐determining regions. Further research on the genome sequence showed that four strains possess Class 1 integrons in their genomes, and that three of the four integrons are found to be located in their genomic islands. These genomic islands are novel types. This indicates that various integrons containing drug resistance genes are spreading among V. cholerae non‐O1/non‐O139 strains through the action of newly generated genomic islands.
- Published
- 2020
19. Production of Antibody Raised Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Vibrio Cholerae Non-O1
- Author
-
H Shirzad, MB Salehi, M Akbari, A Godarzi, M Saadati, M Jahani, and AA Rahimi
- Subjects
Immunoglobulin ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Vibrio Cholerae Non-O1 ,ELISA ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Cholera, an infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, is primarily transmitted by ingestion of contaminated food or water. In severe cases, cholera may lead to severe dehydration, metabolic acidosis, and ultimately, hypovolemic shock and death. Methods: In this study V.cholerae non-O1 was cultured in suitable media. LPS was extracted from the surface of bacteria by hot phenol-water method and then purified by high-speed centrifugation. For production of specific antibody against LPS, white newzeland rabbits were first immunized by whole cell bacteria and then immunized with highly purified LPS. The titre of the antiserum was determined by ELISA for each serogroup. Results: Results presented in this study indicate that serum anti-LPS antibodies raised against purified LPS of V.cholerae non-O1 can detect V.cholerae non-O1 .Conclusion: This antibody had low cross reactivity with V.cholerae O1, serotype Inaba or Ogawa. So, this antibody can be used for for detection of V. cholerae non-O1.
- Published
- 2008
20. Virulence of Cholera Toxin Gene-Positive Vibrio cholerae Non-O1/non-O139 Strains Isolated From Environmental Water in Kolkata, India
- Author
-
Eizo Takahashi, Sadayuki Ochi, Tamaki Mizuno, Daichi Morita, Masatomo Morita, Makoto Ohnishi, Hemanta Koley, Moumita Dutta, Goutam Chowdhury, Asish K. Mukhopadhyay, Shanta Dutta, Shin-Ichi Miyoshi, and Keinosuke Okamoto
- Subjects
environmental water ,Microbiology (medical) ,biology ,Strain (chemistry) ,cholera toxin ,Cholera toxin ,Virulence ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Cholera ,QR1-502 ,Vibrio ,virulence ,NAG Vibrio ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,gene analysis ,Genotype ,medicine ,Original Research - Abstract
Cholera toxin (CT)-producing Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 cause acute diarrheal disease and are proven etiological agents of cholera epidemics and pandemics. On the other hand, V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 are designated as non-agglutinable (NAG) vibrios and are not associated with epidemic cholera. The majority of NAG vibrios do not possess the gene for CT (ctx). In this study, we isolated three NAG strains (strains No. 1, 2, and 3) with ctx from pond water in Kolkata, India, and examined their pathogenic properties. The enterotoxicity of the three NAG strains in vivo was examined using the rabbit ileal intestinal loop test. Strain No. 1 induced the accumulation of fluid in the loop, and the volume of fluid was reduced by simultaneous administration of anti-CT antiserum into the loop. The volume of fluid in the loop caused by strains No. 2 and 3 was small and undetectable, respectively. Then, we cultured these three strains in liquid medium in vitro at two temperatures, 25°C and 37°C, and examined the amount of CT accumulated in the culture supernatant. CT was accumulated in the culture supernatant of strain No.1 when the strain was cultured at 25°C, but that was low when cultured at 37°C. The CT amount accumulated in the culture supernatants of the No. 2 and No. 3 strains was extremely low at both temperature under culture conditions examined. In order to clarify the virulence properties of these strains, genome sequences of the three strains were analyzed. The analysis showed that there was no noticeable difference among three isolates both in the genes for virulence factors and regulatory genes of ctx. However, vibrio seventh pandemic island-II (VSP-II) was retained in strain No. 1, but not in strains No. 2 or 3. Furthermore, it was revealed that the genotype of the B subunit of CT in strain No. 1 was type 1 and those of strains No. 2 and 3 were type 8. Histopathological examination showed the disappearance of villi in intestinal tissue exposed to strain No. 1. In addition, fluid accumulated in the loop due to the action of strain No. 1 had hemolytic activity. This indicated that strain No. 1 may possesses virulence factors to induce severe syndrome when the strain infects humans, and that some strains of NAG vibrio inhabiting pond water in Kolkata have already acquired virulence, which can cause illness in humans. There is a possibility that these virulent NAG vibrios, which have acquired genes encoding factors involved in virulence of V. cholerae O1, may emerge in various parts of the world and cause epidemics in the future.
- Published
- 2021
21. Transcriptome-wide identification and characterization of the Macrobrachium rosenbergii microRNAs potentially related to immunity against non-O1 Vibrio cholerae infection.
- Author
-
Zhang L, Zhang Z, Xu S, Zhang X, and Liu X
- Subjects
- Animals, Transcriptome, Palaemonidae, Cholera, Vibrio cholerae non-O1, MicroRNAs genetics, MicroRNAs metabolism
- Abstract
Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae, a member of the Vibrio family, could cause gastrointestinal infection of Macrobrachium rosenbergii and result in significant economic losses. However, few studies on microRNA immunity related to non-O1 V. cholerae infection of M. rosenbergii. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of miRNA in the potential immune response of M. rosenbergii. to non-O1 V. cholerae MSVC-GY01 infection by transcriptome sequencing. Following quality screening, the control group received 10, 616, 712 clean reads, whereas the infected group received 9,727,616. The miRNA sequences in the two samples are extremely consistent and have a length of roughly 23 nt. In all, 871 known miRNAs were discovered, with 279 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs). Meanwhile, 62 novel miRNAs were predicted, including 43 DEMs. In order to understand the immune-related biological functions of DEMs, target genes were predicted. Pathway function annotation analysis showed that non-O1 V. cholerae affected the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, suggesting that miRNAs in the hepatopancreas play a key role in immune responses to pattern recognition receptors. Twelve DEMs were randomly selected for Quantitative Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Overall, the expression trends of qRT-PCR were consistent with the sequencing results. These findings corroborate the immunomodulatory function of miRNA in M. rosenbergii against non-O1 V. cholerae infection and provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of related illnesses., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest There are no conflicts of interest declared by the authors., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Non-toxigenic Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 pseudo-bacteraemia in a neonate: A case report
- Author
-
Kessendri Reddy, Mené Van der Westhuyzen, Michele Haumann, and Wentzel Bruce Dowling
- Subjects
Water source ,fungi ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 ,Biology ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,vibrio cholerae ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Cholera ,Non toxigenic ,non-01/non-o139 vibrio cholerae ,Microbiology ,Pathogenesis ,Human disease ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,Gastrointestinal disease ,medicine ,bacteria ,non-toxigenic vibrio cholerae ,pseudo-bacteraemia - Abstract
Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1/O139 is causative of cholera, which is a well characterised potentially epidemic gastrointestinal disease. Less is known about the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of non-toxigenic V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, although they are increasingly implicated in human disease globally, have been isolated from various South African water sources and can contaminate the environment. The authors describe a case of pseudo-bacteraemia with non-toxigenic V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 in a neonate.
- Published
- 2021
23. Estudo molecular de Vibrio cholerae não-O1 isolado de zooplâncton da Baía de São Marcos/São Luis - MA, Brasil Molecular study of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated from zooplankton of São Marcos Bay/São Luis - MA, Brasil
- Author
-
Eloisa da Graça do Rosario Gonçalves, Nilma Cintra Leal, and Ernesto Hofer
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae não O1 ,Baía de São Marcos ,Ecologia ,Estudo molecular ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,São Marcos bay ,Ecology ,Molecular study ,Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ,RC955-962 - Abstract
O estudo foi desenvolvido com o objetivo de analisar o perfil plasmidial, pesquisar genes de virulência e identificar os perfis genéticos de 31 cepas de Vibrio cholerae não O1 isoladas de zooplâncton dos estuários dos rios Anil e Bacanga em São Luis MA. O estudo do DNA plasmidial revelou a presença de 2 a 3 plasmídeos em 10 cepas, com pesos moleculares variando de 5,5 a 40 kilobases. A ribotipagem revelou um perfil comum a todas as cepas. A amplificação do DNA genômico por PCR não revelou os genes ctxA, ace e zot, mostrando tratar-se de cepas não patogênicas, enquanto a RAPD-PCR identificou múltiplos perfis genéticos, achado compatível com o grande potencial de variabilidade desta espécie.The study was developed to analyze the plasmidial DNA, research virulence genes and identify genetic diversity of 31 strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated from zooplankton of the Bacanga and Anil rivers in São Luis-MA. The study of plasmidial DNA showed 2 or 3 plasmids from 10 strains between 5.5 and 40 kilobasis. There was only single ribotype pattern. PCR methods did not show the genes ctxA, ace and zot, while RADP-PCR identified genetic diversity in the strains, showing the potential for variability in this species.
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Vibrio Cholerae non-O1 non-O139: The first reported case of bacteremic cellulitis in Portugal.
- Author
-
Pontes-Santos, Luís, Couto, Joana, Carlos-Alves, Joana, and López, 2Raquel
- Abstract
Non-O1 non-O139 Vibrio cholerae can rarely cause severe extra-intestinal infections like skin and soft tissue infections, primary bacteremia or pneumonia. The authors describe a case of a 69-year-old man who developed a bacteriemic cellulitis after placing his legs in shallow water in the Cávado river estuary. This is the first reported case of a non-O1 non-O139 V.cholerae bacteriemic celluilitis in Portugal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Pathogenicity of non-O1/ O139 Vibrio cholerae and its induced immune response in Macrobrachium rosenbergii
- Author
-
Xiaodan Liu, Xixi Li, Xiaojun Zhang, Xiaojian Gao, Zhen Miao, Wanhong Wei, Hui Yang, Wenwen Gu, and Nan Chen
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Virulence ,Aquatic Science ,medicine.disease_cause ,Arthropod Proteins ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Caseinase ,Immune system ,medicine ,Animals ,Environmental Chemistry ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,biology ,Macrobrachium rosenbergii ,Hemolysin ,04 agricultural and veterinary sciences ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,Immunity, Innate ,030104 developmental biology ,Vibrio cholerae ,040102 fisheries ,biology.protein ,0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries ,Palaemonidae ,Bacteria ,Lecithinase - Abstract
Outbreaks of mass mortalities occurred in Macrobrachium rosenbergii farms in Gaoyou county, Jiangsu Province of China. The bacterial isolates from M. rosenbergii exhibited the same phenotypic traits and biochemical characteristics, and were identified as non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae according to biochemical characteristics and molecular identification. In challenge test, M. rosenbergii infected with non-O1/O139 V. cholerae GXFL1-4 developed similar pathological signs to the naturally diseased prawns, and LD 50 of the strain to M. rosenbergii was 4.5 × 10 6 CFU/mL at 96 h post-infection. Histopathological analysis revealed that hepatopancreas and intestines of diseased M. rosenbergii exhibited obvious inflammatory responses to non-O1/O139 V. cholerae infection. Detection virulence factors of the strain GXFL1-4 showed that the bacteria produced caseinase, lipase, amylase, lecithinase and hemolysin, and carried toxR , hlyA , ompW , ompU , hap , rtxA and rtxC virulence related genes, supporting the strong virulence to M. rosenbergii . Additionally, the immune related gene expression in M. rosenbergii evaluated by qRT-PCR analysis showed that HSP70 , Crustin , Lysozyme , TRL1 , ALF1 , Lectin , Peroxinectin , proPO and SOD immune related genes were significantly up-regulated at 6 and 12 h after infection with GXFL1-4. The results of our study suggested that non-O1/O139 V. cholerae was an etiological element in the mass mortalities of M. rosenbergii and this study provided preliminary insights into the diversity in the immune response of M. rosenbergii to the bacterial invasion.
- Published
- 2019
26. Neuroinfección por Vibrio cholerae no O1/ no O139 secundaria a la derivación ventriculoperitoneal. Reporte de caso
- Author
-
Luz Elena Botero-Rojas, Nathaly Botero-González, Julián Andrés Ocampo-Alzate, and Nelson Morales-Alba
- Subjects
Serotype ,Gram-negative bacteria ,biology ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Vibrio ,Microbiology ,Shunt (medical) ,03 medical and health sciences ,Catheter ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cerebrospinal fluid ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,030225 pediatrics ,medicine ,business ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
La infección de la derivación ventriculoperitoneal es una de las complicaciones más frecuentes en este procedimiento. Vibrio cholerae O1 y O139 es una bacteria gram negativa conocida principalmente por ser la responsable del cólera epidémico. No obstante, existen serotipos no O1/no O139 capaces de causar afecciones extraintestinales, entre ellas se han reportado casos de neuroinfección. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con 9 meses de edad que posterior a la colocación de una derivación ventriculoperitoneal como tratamiento de hidrocefalia obstructiva congénita, presentó un cuadro de neuroinfección y el síndrome de malfunción valvular; se pudo aislar la Vibrio cholerae no O1/ no O139 en el líquido cefalorraquídeo y en la punta del catéter. Es el primer reporte en la literatura en la que se aísla la Vibrio cholerae no O1/ no O139 en líquido cefalorraquídeo secundario a infección de una derivación ventriculoperitoneal.
- Published
- 2019
27. Comparative genomics for non-O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae isolates recovered from the Yangtze River Estuary versus V. cholerae representative isolates from serogroup O1
- Author
-
Pan Yu, Wei He, Huajun Zheng, Yue Dong, Lanming Chen, Yadong Tang, Xu Peng, Yaping Wang, Lu Xie, Li Gong, Wenyi Gu, and Qunxin She
- Subjects
0106 biological sciences ,0301 basic medicine ,China ,Genome evolution ,Gene Transfer, Horizontal ,Biology ,Serogroup ,Antimicrobial resistance ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Genome ,03 medical and health sciences ,Cholera ,Rivers ,Genetics ,medicine ,Humans ,Vibrio cholerae ,Molecular Biology ,Phylogeny ,Prophage ,Whole genome sequencing ,Comparative genomics ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Virulence ,Estuary ,Vibrio cholerae O1 ,Genetic Variation ,Molecular Sequence Annotation ,Genomics ,General Medicine ,030104 developmental biology ,Mobile genetic elements ,Horizontal gene transfer ,DNA Transposable Elements ,Estuaries ,Brazil ,Genome, Bacterial ,010606 plant biology & botany - Abstract
Vibriocholerae, which is autochthonous to estuaries worldwide, can cause human cholera that is still pandemic in developing countries. A number of V. cholerae isolates of clinical and environmental origin worldwide have been subjected to genome sequencing to address their phylogenesis and bacterial pathogenesis, however, little genome information is available for V. cholerae isolates derived from estuaries, particularly in China. In this study, we determined the complete genome sequence of V. cholerae CHN108B (non-O1/O139 serogroup) isolated from the Yangtze River Estuary, China and performed comparative genome analysis between CHN108B and other eight representative V. cholerae isolates. The 4,168,545-bp V. cholerae CHN108B genome (47.2% G+C) consists of two circular chromosomes with 3,691 predicted protein-encoding genes. It has 110 strain-specific genes, the highest number among the eight representative V. cholerae whole genomes from serogroup O1: there are seven clinical isolates linked to cholera pandemics (1937–2010) and one environmental isolate from Brazil. Various mobile genetic elements (such as insertion sequences, prophages, integrative and conjugative elements, and super-integrons) were identified in the nine V. cholerae genomes of clinical and environmental origin, indicating that the bacterium undergoes extensive genetic recombination via lateral gene transfer. Comparative genomics also revealed different virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene patterns among the V. cholerae isolates, suggesting some potential virulence factors and the rising development of resistance among pathogenic V. cholerae. Additionally, draft genome sequences of multiple V. cholerae isolates recovered from the Yangtze River Estuary were also determined, and comparative genomics revealed many genes involved in specific metabolism pathways, which are likely shaped by the unique estuary environment. These results provide additional evidence of V. cholerae genome plasticity and will facilitate better understanding of the genome evolution and pathogenesis of this severe water-borne pathogen worldwide.
- Published
- 2018
28. Comparative proteomics and secretomics revealed virulence, and coresistance-related factors in non O1/O139 Vibrio cholerae recovered from 16 species of consumable aquatic animals
- Author
-
Xinying Shan, Xiaohui Li, Xu Peng, Junfeng Fu, and Lanming Chen
- Subjects
Proteomics ,Proteome ,Virulence Factors ,Resistance ,Biophysics ,Virulence ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Biochemistry ,Microbiology ,Tandem Mass Spectrometry ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Vibrio cholerae ,Secretome ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Cholera toxin ,Aquatic animal ,Secretomics ,medicine.disease ,Cholera ,Chromatography, Liquid - Abstract
Vibrio cholerae can cause pandemic cholera in humans. The bacterium resides in aquatic environments worldwide. Identification of risk factors of V. cholerae in aquatic products is imperative for assuming food safety. In this study, we determined virulence-associated genes, cross-resistance between antibiotics and heavy metals, and genome fingerprinting profiles of non O1/O139 V. cholerae isolates (n = 20) recovered from 16 species of consumable aquatic animals. Secretomes and proteomes of V. cholerae with distinct genotypes and phenotypes were obtained by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-GE) and/or liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) techniques. Comparative secretomic analysis revealed 4 common and 45 differential extracellular proteins among 20 V. cholerae strains, including 13 virulence- and 8 resistance-associated proteins. A total of 21,972 intracellular proteins were identified, and comparative proteomic analysis revealed 215 common and 913 differential intracellular proteins, including 22 virulence- and 8 resistance-associated proteins. Additionally, different secretomes and proteomes were observed between V. cholerae isolates of fish and shellfish origins. A number of novel proteins with unknown function and strain-specific proteins were also discovered in the V. cholerae isolates. Significance V. cholerae can cause pandemic cholera in humans. The bacterium is distributed in aquatic environments worldwide. Identification of risk factors of V. cholerae in aquatic products is imperative for assuming food safety. Non-O1/O139 V. cholerae has been reported to cause sporadic cholera-like diarrhea and bacteremia diseases, which indicates virulence factors rather than the major cholera toxin (CT) exist. This study for the first time investigated proteomes and secretomes of non-O1/O139 V. cholerae originating from aquatic animals. This resulted in the identification of a number of virulence and coresistance-related factors, as well as novel proteins and strain-specific proteins in V. cholerae isolates recovered from 16 species of consumable aquatic animals. These results fill gaps for better understanding of pathogenesis and resistance of V. cholerae, and also support the increasing need for novel diagnosis and vaccine targets against the leading waterborne pathogen worldwide.
- Published
- 2021
29. High Production of Neuraminidase by a Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 Strain-the First Possible Alternative to Toxigenic Producers.
- Author
-
Eneva, Rumyana, Engibarov, Stephan, Petrova, Penka, Abrashev, Radoslav, Strateva, Tanya, Kolyovska, Vera, and Abrashev, Ignat
- Abstract
Vibrio cholerae neuraminidase (VCNA) is widely used in biochemical and medical research, in processes for preparing homogenous sialoconjugates, and in the pharmaceutical industry. Its production by non-toxigenic strains is quite desirable, in order to avoid the expensive safety measures. Here, we report the first method for highly effective production of a novel, purified V. cholerae extracellular neuraminidase from a non-toxigenic strain. The enzyme is highly active, and its properties, as well as the responsible gene nanH, are practically identical with those of the toxigenic strains. It cleaves α,2 → 3 and α,2 → 6 glycosidic bonds with highest affinity ( K 1.7 × 10 μM) for human transferrin. The deduced amino acid sequence of the enzyme reveals three binding sites for Ca and one for sialic acid. The sequence analysis of the nanH gene, being the first for a V. cholerae non-O1 strain, shows 99 % identity with a new nanH allele of an O1 Vibrio strain. The simple laboratory technology for efficient production of the new VCNA is based on the use of common and cheap nutrient media and easily available inducer-glycomacropeptide. The rapid purification consists of salting-out and diethylaminoethanol (DEAE) and Q-Sepharose chromatography steps. Purified preparation contains no aldolase and protease, which gives the production scheme a great potential for industrial application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Bacteriemia por Vibrio cholerae (no-O1/no O139): reporte de caso
- Author
-
Motta, Juan Camilo, Forero, Carolina, Arango, Álvaro, Hernández Linares, Isabel, Sánchez, Magda, Motta, Juan Camilo, Forero, Carolina, Arango, Álvaro, Hernández Linares, Isabel, and Sánchez, Magda
- Abstract
Vibrio cholerae (non-O1/non-O139) is an uncommon pathogen that causes infection in humans, it is a free-living microorganism in river and sea waters, where it colonizes fish and shellfish, which are the main transmission sources. We present the case of a 78-year old man with a history of diabetes mellitus and suspected pancreas malignancy; who was brought because of fever disease with abdominal pain, and Vibrio cholerae bacteremia was documented, so antibacterial therapy was started, and his clinical condition resolved. Since this case was related to the ingestion of contaminated water, we notified the authorities so the infectious source may be controlled, and this intervention will prevent the occurrence of infections in persons in contact with this particular water source., RESUMEN Vibrio cholerae (no-O1/no-O139) es un patógeno poco común que causa infecciones en humanos y que se encuentra en vida libre en ríos y en el mar, donde coloniza peces y moluscos, fuente principal de contagio para los humanos. Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 78 años con antecedente de diabetes mellitus y sospecha de neoplasia pancreática, quien consultó por síndrome febril asociado a dolor abdominal y se documentó bacteriemia por V. cholerae, por lo que se inició manejo antibiótico con posterior resolución del cuadro clínico. Como el caso se relacionó con el consumo de agua contaminada, se notificó a la autoridad competente para realizar el control de la fuente infecciosa, intervención que permitirá evitar la infección de la población que tiene contacto con ese pozo de agua.
- Published
- 2020
31. Draft Genome Sequences of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1, Non-O139 Isolates from Common Tern Chicks ( Sterna hirundo ) following a Mass Mortality Event
- Author
-
Nicole Roschanski, Jens A. Hammerl, Insa Dammann, Eckhard Strauch, Veit Hennig, and Claudia Jäckel
- Subjects
0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,Sterna ,Genome Sequences ,fungi ,Zoology ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Genome ,Cholera ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immunology and Microbiology (miscellaneous) ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,biology.animal ,parasitic diseases ,Genetics ,Hirundo ,medicine ,Seabird ,Tern ,Molecular Biology ,030304 developmental biology - Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is an inhabitant of aquatic environments worldwide. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of eight V. cholera non-O1, non-O139 isolates that were recovered from the corpses of two seabird chicks (common terns) following a mass mortality event in a German breeding colony in 2019.
- Published
- 2020
32. Serotypes of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1 Isolated from Water Supplies for Human Consumption in Campeche, México and their Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern
- Author
-
Angélica P Isaac-Márquez, Claudio M Lezama-Dávila, Carlos Eslava- Campos, Armando Navarro-Ocaña, and Alejandro Cravioto-Quintana
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,serotypes ,antibiotic susceptibility ,water supplies ,Campeche ,México ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
The presence of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in water supplies for human consumption in the city of Campeche and rural locality of Bécal was investigated. V. cholerae non-O1 was detected in 5.9% of the samples obtained in deep pools of Campeche. Studies conducted in Bécal and neighbourhood of Morelos in Campeche indicated that collected samples harbored V. cholerae non-O1 in 31.5% and 8.7% respectively. There was a particular pattern of distribution of V. cholerae non-O1 serotypes among different studied regions. Accordingly, V. cholerae non-O1 serotype O14 predominated in the deep pools of Campeche and together with V. cholerae non-O1, O155 were preferentially founds in samples taken from intradomiciliary faucets in the neighbourhood of Morelos. Samples from Bécal predominantly presented the serotype O112. 60% and 53.8% of all studied strains of V. cholerae non-O1 proved to be resistant to ampicillin and carbenicillin. 3.1%, 7.7% and 6.2% presented resistant to doxycycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and erythromycin respectively. The study showed the necessity of performing a strong epidemiologic surveillance for emergence and distribution of V. cholerae non-O1
- Published
- 1998
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Population Structure and Multidrug Resistance of Non-O1/Non-O139 Vibrio cholerae in Freshwater Rivers in Zhejiang, China
- Author
-
Yun, Luo, Henghui, Wang, Jie, Liang, Huiqin, Qian, Julian, Ye, Lixia, Chen, Xianqing, Yang, Zhongwen, Chen, Fei, Wang, Sophie, Octavia, Michael, Payne, Xiaojun, Song, Jianmin, Jiang, Dazhi, Jin, and Ruiting, Lan
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Rivers ,Virulence ,Humans ,Drug Resistance, Multiple ,Multilocus Sequence Typing - Abstract
To understand the environmental reservoirs of Vibrio cholerae and their public health significance, we surveyed freshwater samples from rivers in two cities (Jiaxing [JX] and Jiande [JD]) in Zhejiang, China. A total of 26 sampling locations were selected, and river water was sampled 456 times from 2015 to 2016 yielding 200 V. cholerae isolates, all of which were non-O1/non-O139. The average isolation rate was 47.3% and 39.1% in JX and JD, respectively. Antibiotic resistance profiles of the V. cholerae isolates were examined with nonsusceptibility to cefazolin (68.70%, 79/115) being most common, followed by ampicillin (47.83%, 55/115) and imipenem (27.83%, 32/115). Forty-two isolates (36.52%, 42/115) were defined as multidrug resistant (MDR). The presence of virulence genes was also determined, and the majority of the isolates were positive for toxR (198/200, 99%) and hlyA (196/200, 98%) with few other virulence genes observed. The population structure of the V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 sampled was examined using multilocus sequence typing (MLST) with 200 isolates assigned to 128 STs and 6 subpopulations. The non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae population in JX was more varied than in JD. By clonal complexes (CCs), 31 CCs that contained isolates from this study were shared with other parts of China and/or other countries, suggesting widespread presence of some non-O1/non-O139 clones. Drug resistance profiles differed between subpopulations. The findings suggest that non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae in the freshwater environment is a potential source of human infections. Routine surveillance of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae in freshwater rivers will be of importance to public health.
- Published
- 2020
34. Phenotypic and Genotypic Properties of Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 Isolates Recovered from Domestic Ducks in Germany
- Author
-
Eva Kappe, Keike Schwartz, Jens A. Hammerl, Eckhard Strauch, Anne Mayer-Scholl, Armin Gangl, and Nicola Hirsch
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,virulence factors ,Virulence ,Context (language use) ,Integron ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,El Tor ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Virology ,medicine ,antimicrobial resistance ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,030304 developmental biology ,0303 health sciences ,biology ,030306 microbiology ,phylogenetic analysis ,diseased birds ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Cholera ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Vibrio cholerae ,biology.protein - Abstract
Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 bacteria are natural inhabitants of aquatic ecosystems and have been sporadically associated with human infections. They mostly lack the two major virulence factors of toxigenic V. cholerae serogroups O1 and O139 strains, which are the causative agent of cholera. Non-O1, non-O139 strains are found in water bodies, sediments, and in association with other aquatic organisms. Occurrence of these bacteria in fecal specimens of waterfowl were reported, and migratory birds likely contribute to the long-distance transfer of strains. We investigated four V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139 isolates for phenotypic traits and by whole genome sequencing (WGS). The isolates were recovered from organs of domestic ducks with serious disease symptoms. WGS data revealed only a distant genetic relationship between all isolates. The isolates harbored a number of virulence factors found in most V. cholerae strains. Specific virulence factors of non-O1, non-O139 strains, such as the type III secretion system (TTSS) or cholix toxin, were observed. An interesting observation is that all isolates possess multifunctional autoprocessing repeats-in-toxin toxins (MARTX) closely related to the MARTX of toxigenic El Tor O1 strains. Different primary sequences of the abundant OmpU proteins could indicate a significant role of this virulence factor. Phenotypic characteristics such as hemolysis and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) were studied. Three isolates showed susceptibility to a number of tested antimicrobials, and one strain possessed AMR genes located in an integron. Knowledge of the environmental occurrence of V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139 in Germany is limited. The source of the infection of the ducks is currently unknown. In the context of the &lsquo, One Health&rsquo, concept, it is desirable to study the ecology of V. cholerae non-O1, non-O139, as it cannot be excluded that the isolates possess zoonotic potential and could cause infections in humans.
- Published
- 2020
35. Identification of cholix toxin gene in Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 isolated from diarrhea patients in Bushehr, Iran
- Author
-
Jafar Alinezhad, Marziyeh Gholizadeh Tangestani, Abdolmohammad Khajeian, Mohammad Ali Haghighi, and Somayyeh Gharibi
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,Serotype ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,Virulence factor ,lcsh:Microbiology ,law.invention ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,law ,Cholix toxin ,0502 economics and business ,medicine ,0101 mathematics ,Gene ,Vibrio cholerae ,Polymerase chain reaction ,010102 general mathematics ,05 social sciences ,Amplicon ,Original Article ,050203 business & management ,Exotoxin - Abstract
Background and Objectives: Cholixin (cholix toxin) is a novel exotoxin in Vibrio cholerae identified as an elongation factor II specific ADP-ribosyltransferase which inhibits protein synthesis in the eukaryotic cell. Previous researches have suggested that cholixin probably is an important virulence factor in non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae (NAG) serotypes that could be related to extra-intestinal rather than intestinal infections. This study was aimed to investigate the frequency and genetic diversity of colixin gene (chxA) in clinical V. cholerae NAG isolates. Materials and Methods: The presence of chxA gene in 44 clinical V. cholerae NAG isolates were screened using PCR through specific primers designed for the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of chxA gene. The five PCR products of chxA gene were sequenced. Results: This study showed that chxA gene presented in 19 V. cholerae NAG isolates. The sequences analysis of 5 out of 19 the partial chxA genes amplicon showed that 4 of them belonged to chxA I and the other one belonged to chxA II subtypes. Two distinct clusters were revealed for these isolates by phylogenic analysis, too. Conclusion: The chxA gene contained high frequency among V. cholerae NAG isolates in Bushehr, Iran. The polymorphism study on RBD of cholixin gene is suggested as an appropriate method for phylogenic characterization of the various chxA gene subtypes.
- Published
- 2020
36. Continuation and replacement of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 clonal genomic groups isolated from Plecoglossus altivelis fish in freshwaters
- Author
-
Mikihiko, Kawai, Atsushi, Ota, Taichiro, Takemura, Toshihiro, Nakai, and Fumito, Maruyama
- Subjects
Fish Diseases ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Japan ,Osmeriformes ,Vibrio Infections ,Population Dynamics ,Animals ,Humans ,Fresh Water ,Genomics ,Longitudinal Studies ,Genome, Bacterial - Abstract
The dissemination and abundances of Vibrio species in aquatic environments are of interest, as some species cause emerging diseases in humans and in aquatic organisms like fish. It is suggested that Vibrio cholerae non-O1 infections of Plecoglossus altivelis ('ayu') were spread to various parts of Japan through the annual transplantation of juvenile fish. To investigate this, we used genome-aided tracing of 17 V. cholerae strains isolated from ayu between the 1970s and 1990s in different Japanese freshwater systems. The strains formed a genomic clade distinct from all known clades, which we designate as the Ayu clade. Two clonal genomic groups identified within the clade, Ayu-1 and Ayu-2, persisted for a few years (between 1977 to 1979 and 1987 to 1990, respectively), and clonal replacement of Ayu-1 by Ayu-2 took place over an 8-year period. Despite the high similarity between Ayu-1 and Ayu-2 ( 99.9% identity and 97% fraction of genomes shared), differences in their gene repertoires were found, raising the possibility that they are phenotypically distinct. These results highlight the importance of genome-based studies for understanding the long-term dynamics of populations over the timescale of years.
- Published
- 2020
37. Clinical Characteristics, Laboratory Profile and Outcome of Children with Vibrio Cholerae Gastroenteritis (Both O1 and Non-O1/Non-O139) and Vibrio Cholerae (Non-O1/Non-O139) Bacteraemia- A Retrospective Single Centre Study
- Author
-
Shalini Anandan, Leenath Thomas, Winsley Rose, Anila Chacko, Veeraraghavan Balaji, S Mahasampath Gowri, Anu Punnen, and Valsan Philip Verghese
- Subjects
business.industry ,lcsh:R ,Clinical Biochemistry ,cholera ,lcsh:Medicine ,General Medicine ,blood culture ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Single centre ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,Medicine ,antibiotic susceptibility ,business - Abstract
Introduction: Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) infection (O1, O139, and non-O1/non-O139) in children can occur in the form of gastroenteritis and bacteraemia. Aim: To describe and compare the clinical characteristics, laboratory profile and outcome of children with gastroenteritis due to V. cholerae O1, O139 and V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 and to present a case series describing the clinical and laboratory profile and outcome of children with V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 bacteraemia. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on the medical records of children under 15 years of age in whom V. cholerae was identified in stool culture or blood culture. The children who presented from January 2010 to November 2018 in Christian Medical College and Hospital, Vellore, India were included. The following details were noted: symptoms and signs (including vital signs and state of dehydration) at presentation, co-morbidities, anthropometry, complete blood counts, serum electrolytes, creatinine, reports of stool culture, blood culture and antibiotic susceptibility, details of treatment given (including hospital admission, IV fluids and antibiotics) and outcome. The group-wise comparison for continuous variables was done using Independent t-test. The categorical data among the groups were compared using the chi-square test. Results: Among the 8990 stool cultures and 1,23,005 blood cultures done in children during the study period for various reasons, V. cholerae had grown in stool culture of 105 children and blood culture of six children. Children with V. cholerae O1 were more tachypnoeic/acidotic (44.8% vs. 10.0%; p
- Published
- 2020
38. Temporal-Spatial Distribution of Vibrio cholerae in Cuba: July 1997-December 2019.
- Author
-
Fernández-Abreu A, Bravo-Fariñas L, Águila-Sánchez A, Cruz-Infante Y, Falcón-Márquez R, Toledo-Romaní ME, León-Venero MLÁ, Hernández-Martínez JL, Baldoquín-Rodríguez W, and Germán-Almeida ÁM
- Subjects
- Child, Adolescent, Humans, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Cuba epidemiology, Diarrhea epidemiology, Vibrio cholerae, Cholera epidemiology
- Abstract
Introduction: Vibrio cholerae is a microorganism that causes acute diarrheal diseases and cholera, one of the leading causes of global morbidity and mortality, especially in children under five years old. It is present in many regions and has been isolated from diverse sources such as water, soil and food. Surveillance of this microorganism in Cuba from 1985 through June 1997 showed circulation of non-epidemic non-O1/non-O139 serogroups, but surveillance continued to identify distribution of V. cholerae serotypes and serogroups in the different geographic regions of the country during the following years, due to the risk of introducing cholera-causing serogroups that provoked cholera epidemics in other countries of the region., Objective: Describe the temporal‒spatial distribution of serogroups and serotypes of V. cholerae in Cuba., Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included isolates from passive surveillance of V. cholerae in 16 hygiene and epidemiology centers throughout Cuba from July 1997 through December 2019, submitted to the National Reference Laboratory for Acute Diarrheal Diseases of the Pedro Kourí Tropical Medicine Institute in Havana, Cuba. The timeline was subdivided into three five-year periods and one eight-year period. The centers submitting isolates were grouped into three geographical regions: western, central and eastern Cuba. A total of 1060 V. cholerae isolates were studied, from the 1438 samples sent from 15 Provincial Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Centers and the Municipal Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology Center of the Isle of Youth Special Municipality. Genus, species and serotype of all specimens were studied and reviewed in the context of the outbreaks of acute diarrheal diseases reported in the country., Results: All 1060 isolates were confirmed as V. cholerae. In the distribution by time period and region, the highest percentage occurred in the 2012‒2019 period, and the eastern region contributed the most isolates in all periods. Approximately 63.9% (677/1060) were from outbreaks, and in the 2012‒2019 period, the most epidemic-causing isolates came from the western region. Approximately 52.8% (560/1060) were identified as non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, and 47.2% (500/1060) as O1 V. cholerae; of these, 96.4% (482/500) corresponded to Ogawa serotype and 3.6% (18/500) to Inaba. Circulation of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae occurred throughout the entire period. The O1 serogroup began to circulate in 2012 and continued through 2016; however, since 2017, it has not been identified again. In the western region, there were smaller percentages of isolates of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae in all periods, except 2012‒2019. In that period, V. cholerae O1 was identified to a lesser degree in the central region., Conclusions: Vibrio cholerae circulated in all three Cuban regions during the years studied, with a higher percentage of isolates of the non-O1/non-O139 serogroup, which caused outbreaks or sporadic cases of diarrhea in the eastern region, with the exception of the 2012‒2019 period, when epidemic outbreaks of the O1 serogroup (which causes cholera) occurred in all three regions, with higher percentages in the western region.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Molecular identification and pathogenicity study of virulent Vibrio cholerae non O1/O139 serotype associated with mortality of farmed Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822), in India
- Author
-
Basanta Kumar Das, Prasenjit Paria, Vikash Kumar, Pranaya Kumar Parida, Bijay Kumar Behera, Manoharmayum Shaya Devi, and Praveen Maurye
- Subjects
Serotype ,Necrosis ,biology ,Virulence ,Aquatic Science ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,Labeo ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Vibrio cholerae ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Gene ,Bacteria - Abstract
Vibrio cholerae is a gram-negative bacteria known for causing epidemics and pandemics conditions, comprised of both non-pathogenic and pathogenic strains. The present study identified a non O1, non-O139 V. cholerae (EMM1) serotype isolated from diseased Labeo rohita cultured in a wetland system at Purba Medinipur district, West Bengal, India. Identification of the isolate was done by biochemical test, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The in vivo challenge experiment revealed that intraperitoneal injection of EMM1 serotype at a dose of 1.04× 107 CFU/ml resulted in 100% mortality of L. rohita. Furthermore, the presence of hlyA and rtxA virulent genes, confirmed by sequencing, in V. cholerae (EMM1) serotype might be, atleast partially involved in the mortality of L. rohita. In histological analysis, we found that EMM1 serotype challenge had a significant effect in L. rohita like degenerated hepatocytes in the liver, shrunken glomeruli in the kidney, necrosis of the intestinal villi epithelium and degeneration of muscle bundle were observed. Overall, the study demonstrated that, V. cholerae (EMM1) serotype is a potent aquatic microbial pathogen and draws the attention for proper management to prevent the possible occurrence of disease in aquaculture.
- Published
- 2022
40. Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae septicemia at a tertiary care center in Beirut, Lebanon; a case report and review
- Author
-
Ala I. Sharara, Carla Zmeter, Hussam Z. Tabaja, and Souha S. Kanj
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,030106 microbiology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Tertiary care ,lcsh:Infectious and parasitic diseases ,Microbiology ,Tertiary Care Centers ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Cholera ,Sepsis ,Pandemic ,Humans ,Medicine ,lcsh:RC109-216 ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Lebanon ,Aged ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,business.industry ,lcsh:Public aspects of medicine ,fungi ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,lcsh:RA1-1270 ,General Medicine ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,medicine.disease ,Infectious Diseases ,Vibrio cholerae ,Bacteremia ,Female ,business - Abstract
More clinical infections with non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae have been recently reported. These pathogens usually do not cause the epidemic and pandemic cases of cholera seen with choleragenic vibrios. However, they can still cause intestinal as well as extra-intestinal disease and can be associated with significant mortality. Herein, we present the first case of non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae septicemia reported in Lebanon since the beginning of the Lebanese waste crisis. Keywords: Non-O1, non-O139 Vibrio cholerae, Septicemia, Bacteremia
- Published
- 2018
41. [Disclaimer: Vibrio cholerae non-O1, non-O139 that carries a homologous segment of the pathogenicity island named VPaI-7]
- Author
-
Gonzalo, Osorio A
- Subjects
Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Bacterial Proteins ,Genomic Islands ,Virulence ,Chile - Published
- 2019
42. Phenotypic and Genotypic Antimicrobial Resistance Traits of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1/Non-O139 Isolated From a Large Austrian Lake Frequently Associated With Cases of Human Infection
- Author
-
Sarah Lepuschitz, Sandrine Baron, Emeline Larvor, Sophie A. Granier, Carina Pretzer, Robert L. Mach, Andreas H. Farnleitner, Werner Ruppitsch, Sonja Pleininger, Alexander Indra, Alexander K. T. Kirschner, Centre de Recherches Pétrographiques et Géochimiques (CRPG), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Ploufragan - Plouzané, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Laboratoire de Fougères - ANSES, Vienna University of Technology (TU Wien), Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety (AGES), Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hygiene [Vienna], and Medizinische Universität Wien = Medical University of Vienna
- Subjects
Microbiology (medical) ,lac ,antibiotic resistance ,medicine.drug_class ,phenotype ,genotype ,Antibiotics ,Population ,water ,lcsh:QR1-502 ,Drug resistance ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,human health ,lcsh:Microbiology ,Microbiology ,Bicyclomycin ,03 medical and health sciences ,Antibiotic resistance ,résistance aux antimicrobiens ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,medicine ,eau de baignade ,antimicrobial resistance ,microbiologie ,education ,bacteria ,lake ,Vibrio cholerae ,030304 developmental biology ,bactérie ,0303 health sciences ,Antiinfective agent ,education.field_of_study ,030306 microbiology ,bathing water ,microbiology ,transmission ,non-O1/non-O139 ,homme ,3. Good health ,phénotype ,climate change ,[SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology ,génotype - Abstract
International audience; Vibrio cholerae belonging to serogroups other than O1 and O139 are opportunistic pathogens which cause infections with a variety of clinical symptoms. Due to the increasing number of V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 infections in association with recreational waters in the past two decades, they have received increasing attention in recent literature and by public health authorities. Since the treatment of choice is the administration of antibiotics, we investigated the distribution of antimicrobial resistance properties in a V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 population in a large Austrian lake intensively used for recreation and in epidemiologically linked clinical isolates. In total, 82 environmental isolates-selected on the basis of comprehensive phylogenetic information-and nine clinical isolates were analyzed for their phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility. The genomes of 46 environmental and eight clinical strains were screened for known genetic antimicrobial resistance traits in CARD and ResFinder databases. In general, antimicrobial susceptibility of the investigated V. cholerae population was high. The environmental strains were susceptible against most of the 16 tested antibiotics, except sulfonamides (97.5% resistant strains), streptomycin (39% resistant) and ampicillin (20.7% resistant). Clinical isolates partly showed additional resistance to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Genome analysis showed that crp, a regulator of multidrug efflux genes, and the bicyclomycin/multidrug efflux system of V. cholerae were present in all isolates. Nine isolates additionally carried variants of bla CARB−7 and bla CARB−9 , determinants of beta-lactam resistance and six isolates carried catB9, a determinant of phenicol resistance. Three isolates had both bla CARB−7 and catB9. In 27 isolates, five out of six subfamilies of the MATE-family were present. For all isolates no genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, macrolides and sulfonamides were detected. The apparent lack of either known antimicrobial resistance traits or mobile genetic elements indicates that in cholera non-epidemic regions of the world, V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 play a minor role as a reservoir of resistance in the environment. The discrepancies The discrepancies between the phenotypic and genome-based antimicrobial resistance assessment show that for V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, resistance databases are currently inappropriate for an assessment of antimicrobial resistance. Continuous collection of both data overtime may solve such discrepancies between genotype and phenotype in the future between the phenotypic and genome-based antimicrobial resistance assessment showthat for V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139, resistance databases are currently inappropriatefor an assessment of antimicrobial resistance. Continuous collection of both data overtime may solve such discrepancies between genotype and phenotype in the future.
- Published
- 2019
43. Production of Antibody Raised Against Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Vibrio cholerae Non-O1
- Author
-
M Saadati, A Godarzi, M Akbari, MB Salehi, H Shirzad, M Jahani, and AA Rahimi
- Subjects
Immunoglobulin ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,ELISA ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Background: Cholera, an infectious disease caused by Vibrio cholerae, is primarily transmitted by ingestion of contaminated food or water. In severe cases, cholera may lead to severe dehydration, metabolic acidosis, and ultimately, hypovolemic shock and death. Methods: In this study V.cholerae non-O1 was cultured in suitable media. LPS was extracted from the surface of bacteria by hot phenol-water method and then purified by high-speed centrifugation. For production of specific antibody against LPS, white newzeland rabbits were first immunized by whole cell bacteria and then immunized with highly purified LPS. The titre of the antiserum was determined by ELISA for each serogroup. Results: Results presented in this study indicate that serum anti-LPS antibodies raised against purified LPS of V.cholerae non-O1 can detect V.cholerae non-O1. Conclusion: This antibody had low cross reactivity with V.cholerae O1, serotype Inaba or Ogawa. So, this antibody can be used for for detection of V. cholerae non-O1.
- Published
- 2008
44. Vibrio cholerae non-O1 - the first reported case of keratitis in a healthy patient
- Author
-
Chen, Wei-Dar, Lai, Li-Ju, Hsu, Wei-Hsiu, and Huang, Tsung-Yu
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Biochemical studies on the production of neuraminidase by environmental isolates of non-O1 from Bulgaria.
- Author
-
Eneva, Rumyana, Engibarov, Stephan, Strateva, Tanya, Abrashev, Radoslav, and Abrashev, Ignat
- Subjects
- *
NEURAMINIDASE , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms , *BIOCHEMISTRY , *ETIOLOGY of diseases , *CHOLERA , *SEDIMENTS , *VIBRIO cholerae - Abstract
Neuraminidase is a key factor in the infectious process of many viruses and pathogenic bacteria. The neuraminidase enzyme secreted by the etiological agent of cholera - О1 - is well studied in contrast with the one produced by non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae. Environmental non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae isolates from Bulgaria were screened for production of neuraminidase. The presence of the neuraminidase gene nanH was detected in 18.5% of the strains. Тhe strain showing highest activity (30 U/mL), V. cholerae non-O1/13, was used to investigate the enzyme production in several media and at different aeration conditions. The highest production of extracellular neuraminidase was observed under microaerophilic conditions, which is possibly related to its role in the infection of intestine epithelium, where the oxygen content is low. On the other hand, this is another advantage of the microbe in such microaerophilic environments as sediments and lake mud. The highest production of intracellular neuraminidase was observed at anaerobic conditions. The ratio of extracellular to intracellular neuraminidase production in V. cholerae was investigated. The temperature optimum of the enzyme was determined to be 50 °C and the pH optimum to be 5.6-5.8. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Characterization of Vibrio cholerae isolated from the aquatic basins of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil
- Author
-
Leal, Nilma Cintra, de Araújo Figueiroa, Ângela Cristina Torres, Cavalcanti, Valdelúcia Oliveira, da Silva, Soraya Cavalcante, Leal-Balbino, Tereza Cristina, de Almeida, Alzira Maria Paiva, and Hofer, Ernesto
- Subjects
CHOLERA ,TROPICAL medicine ,PREVENTIVE medicine - Abstract
Summary: Through a continuous bacteriological monitoring programme carried out by the Health Secretariat of the State of Pernambuco, Brazil, two isolates of Vibrio cholerae O1 El Tor Ogawa were discovered in an endemic area in 2001, during a cholera inactive period, along with six V. cholerae non-O1/non-O139 strains and two Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria strains showing an unusual characteristic of agglutination with O1 antiserum. Between that time and 2005, eight other O1 isolates were found. The virulence genes present in the V. cholerae differed among strains, with only three O1 strains harboring the ctxA gene. The O1 and some non-O1/non-O139 strains displayed identical patterns of amplification of the 16S-23S intergenic spacer region. RAPD of the 10 V. cholerae O1 strains, with the two primers used, revealed heterogeneity. The presence of V. cholerae carrying virulence genes in the aquatic basins examined confirms that they constitute a vibrio reservoir during a cholera inactive period, thus strengthening the argument for a continuous monitoring programme and preventative measures for cholera, mainly in the areas where the supply of drinking water is deficient. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Vibrio cholerae No O1 EN MUESTRAS DE AGUAS NO CLORADAS CONSUMIDAS POR POBLADORES DE LAS LOCALIDADES DE SANTA Y COISHCO (ANCASH), 2003 - 2004.
- Author
-
García P., Ana, Pedreros R., Leoncio, and Huapaya, Blanca
- Subjects
- *
VIBRIO cholerae , *CHLORINE , *AEROMONAS , *WELLS , *RESERVOIRS - Abstract
Objective: Identify the presence of Vibrio cholerae in unchlorinated water samples intended for human consumption in locations of Santa and Coishco. Materials and methods: Between July 2003 and June 2004, water samples were collected weekly from seven water wells with manual pumps and from six wells with reservoir. Residual chlorine levels were measured at the site using a Hatch chlorine comparing tool, chlorimetric method, using DPD 1 pills. Well samples were cultured according to National Institute of Health (INS Lima) standard operating procedures. Isolated strains were submitted to the INS for diagnostic confirmation and serologic testing. Results: A total of 308 drinking water samples from both districts were included (201 from wells with manual pumps and 107 with reservoir). Isolates were obtained from 70(22,7%) samples. Aeromonas caviae 34(11,0%), Aeromonas hidrophyla 17(5,5%) and Vibrio cholerae non-O1 19(6,2%) were detected; V. cholerae O139 was not found. Vibrio cholerae non-O1 was isolated in 11(5,5%) samples from manual pump wells and 8(7,4%) from wells with reservoirs. Conclusions: Drinking water from tubular wells represents a potential reservoir for bacteria, such as Aeromonas and Vibrio cholerae, highlighting the need for disinfection before use. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
48. Environmental Vibrio cholerae non O1/ non O139 from the Gangetic delta: a diarrhoeal disease purview
- Author
-
Anup Palit, Madhumanti Halder, Subham Mookerjee, and Prasenjit Batabyal
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Delta ,Low salinity ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Bacterial Toxins ,030106 microbiology ,India ,Gene transfer ,Biology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Bacterial Proteins ,Rivers ,Vibrio cholerae non-O1 ,Environmental Microbiology ,medicine ,Longitudinal Studies ,Health implications ,Toxin ,Diarrhoeal disease ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,General Medicine ,Pollution ,Vibrio cholerae ,Biofilms ,Seasons ,Hydrology ,Estuaries - Abstract
Diarrhoea still remains an unsolved enigma in developing countries, a major concern for the health planners. We targeted the abundance and toxicity of Vibrio cholerae non-O1/non-O139 (NOVC) in Gangetic riverine-estuarine ecosystem. A total of 74 V. cholerae were isolated from 120 water samples (68 NOVC, 6 V. cholerae O1) from two sampling sites off river Ganges. V. cholerae showed distinct seasonality, with steady increase from summer to monsoon, steep ascent in post-monsoon and an abrupt decline in winter. Highest number of NOVC was isolated form Howrah, attributed to low salinity and high anthropogenic influence. Environmental NOVC harboured hlyA (94.0 %), rtxA (81.0 %) and toxR (28.0 %) genes. About 23.4 % of the hlyA harbouring NOVC showed haemolytic activity. Accessory toxin genes (tlcR, toxT, RJ and LJ and aldA), among 3-5 % of the NOVC carry significant health implications. Haemolytic activity and biofilm formation in NOVC, during unfavourable conditions, facilitates gene transfer and emphasises the role of environmental NOVC in diarrhoeal incidence in South Bengal, India.
- Published
- 2017
49. Role of nitric oxide in NAG-ST induced store-operated calcium entry in rat intestinal epithelial cells
- Author
-
Hoque, Kazi Mirazul, Saha, Subhrajit, Gupta, Dyuti Datta, and Chakrabarti, Manoj K.
- Subjects
- *
NITRIC oxide , *EPITHELIAL cells , *CELLS , *EPITHELIUM - Abstract
This study was undertaken to find out the mechanism of non-agglutinable Vibrio cholerae heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST)-induced calcium influx across the plasma membrane. Adriamycin, an inhibitor of IP3-specific 3-kinase, could not inhibit NAG-ST-induced calcium influx in rat intestinal epithelial cells, which suggested that inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (IP4) had no role in NAG-ST-induced calcium influx. NAG-ST increased intracellular nitric oxide level of rat enterocytes as measured by a fluorimetric method using a fluoroprobe 4,5-diaminofluorescein-2-diacetate (DAF-2DA). N-Nitro-l-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, inhibited NAG-ST-induced rise in nitric oxide level and also calcium influx. Inhibition of inositol trisphosphate (IP3)-mediated intracellular calcium mobilization by Dantrolene could also inhibit NAG-ST-induced rise in intracellular nitric oxide level. Moreover, inhibition of soluble guanylate cyclase by inhibitors (ODQ, LY83583) could inhibit the NAG-ST-induced rise in cyclic guanosine-3′,5′-monophosphate (cGMP) level and calcium influx. From this study, it is evident that NAG-ST causes IP3-mediated calcium release from intracellular calcium store, which then stimulates nitric oxide production by activating nitric oxide synthase and the nitric oxide through cGMP activates calcium influx. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Translocation of protein kinase-C with IP3-induced calcium mobilization by heat-stable enterotoxin of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 in isolated rat enterocytes.
- Author
-
Hoque, Kazi Mirajul, Pal, Amit, and Chakrabarti, Manoj K.
- Subjects
PROTEIN kinases ,VIBRIO cholerae ,ENZYMES ,ENTEROTOXINS - Abstract
Abstract: The activity of the calcium- and phospholipid-dependent enzyme protein kinase C (PKC) in response to heat-stable enterotoxin (NAG-ST) of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 was examined in isolated rat enterocytes. Optimal stimulation of the membrane-bound PKC activity (about 4.3-fold) was observed after 1 min of incubation of cells with 10 ng/ml toxin; and the effects were dose dependent. Following NAG-ST treatment an increase in PKC activity in the membrane fraction was found with a concomitant decrease in the cytosolic fraction suggesting the redistribution of the enzyme. The pronounced enzyme activity in presence of a classical pseudosubstrate and its complete inhibition by Gö 6976 suggested the involvement of a calcium-dependent isoform of PKC (PKC-?). A time course study employing an immunoblot assay provided evidence that NAG-ST led to almost complete translocation of PKC-? to the membrane. A 65% inhibition of enzyme activity in the membrane fraction and inhibition of its translocation to some extent by dantrolene treatment further suggested that the enzyme was translocated with the rise of intracellular calcium ([Ca
2+ ]i). The phosphorylation of three membrane proteins by toxin-induced PKC in vitro and abolition of this phosphorylation by Gö 6976 demonstrated that phosphorylation of these membrane proteins was PKC-? mediated and might be involved in the alteration of membrane functions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]- Published
- 2003
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
Catalog
Discovery Service for Jio Institute Digital Library
For full access to our library's resources, please sign in.