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Copyright of Turkiye Klinikleri Journal of Dental Sciences is the property of Turkiye Klinikleri and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish History Education Journal (TUHED) is the property of Ahmet Simsek and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Human capital is considered as one of the most important factors in explaining development differences between countries, and as a unique source of long-run permanent economic growth. Therefore, increasing the accumulation of human capital has become an extremely important mission for economies. Theoretical and empirical literature emphasizes that public expenditures can play an important role in increasing human capital accumulation. Therefore, in this study, the effect of public expenditures on human capital accumulation for the case of Turkey was analyzed. Besides per capita income, unemployment and population variables were also included in the estimated model since they are considered as important determinants of human capital accumulation in the literature. Annual data for the period 1960-2019 were used in the analysis. The long-run cointegration relationship between the variables was determined and the long-run cointegration coefficients were obtained by applying FMOLS, DOLS and CCR estimators. Results show that public expenditures negatively affect human capital accumulation. Similarly, the increase in unemployment negatively affects human capital. However, per capita income and population are helpful to promote human capital. Probable causes of empirical outputs for the case of Turkey are further discussed in the study and policy strategies are recommended accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ekonomik Yaklaşim is the property of Ekonomik Yaklasim Dernegi (Ekonomik Yaklasim Association) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Turkish Journal of Social Research / Turkiye Sosyal Arastirmalar Dergisi is the property of Turkish Journal of Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The phenomenon of immigration is a drama that occurred especially towards Anatolia in terms of the Turks and Muslims. This situation continued until the Lausanne Peace Treaty was signed. After the Lausanne Peace Treaty, it started to happen both ways: 'towards and from' Anatolia. With this new situation, migrations acquired a new formation. In this new formation, many non-Muslims were taken out of the borders due to the goal of becoming a nation-state and with the concern of security. The deportation of these people who lived here in peace for hundreds of years and who had a crucial role in the economy in terms of trade, craft and industry caused a gap in economic and social manners. The leading groups, whose goal was a homogeneous and national structure, commenced a great struggle. Niğde was one of the important cities where this struggle was experienced. With this aspect, Niğde was a city that needed immigrants. One of the most important and urgent tasks to correct economic and social deterioration as soon as possible was the resettlement of immigrants. An important part of the 16000 inhabitants in Niğde and its surroundings was composed of farmers. This situation was clearly seen in field distribution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Sciences Research / Sosyal Bilimler Arastirmalari Dergisi is the property of ODU Journal of Social Sciences Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Historically, the most significant changes in the demographical structure of Anatolia have occurred in the last 150 years. In the last two centuries of the Ottoman Empire, the territories began to shrink as a result of the weakening of the Empire, losing wars and thus, losing significant portions of lands. The region that was affected most from this territorial shrinking process was Anatolia, which was considered as a safe haven at the nucleus of the Ottoman Empire. It is a commonly held view that the Ottoman-Russian War of 1877-1878 (the War of '93) was a critical point for the demographic structure of Anatolia. As a result of the disastrous defeat suffered at the hands of the Tsarist Russia the Muslim populations of the Balkans immigrated en masse to the Anatolian territories. This immigration wave left lasting effects on the demographic structure of the Ottoman Empire while at the same time creating the opportunity for the Balkan nations to constitute their nation-states. The independence movements in the Balkans were followed by the political changes in the Caucasian region and the Muslims of Crimea and Caucasia began to flood into Anatolia in large numbers beginning in the 1860s. The new "national" Turkish state, founded after the War of National Struggle in the first quarter of the 20th century, has been well established on a sociological basis in terms of nation-building with the integration of the Muslim refugees from the Balkans and the Caucasus with the native Muslim population of Anatolia. This nation-building process of modern Turkey during the first half of the 20th century was closely examined by the American officials who compiled a social and demographic map of Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to reveal the effects of population growth and the R&D investment on employment in Turkey. The impact of R&D investments and the population growth on employment in Turkey, were analyzed by Eviews 8.0 program. Annual R&D investments, population and employment data for Turkey, were obtained from the Turkey Statistical Institute for the years 1998-2017. According to the model which established with the help of OLS method, the 1% increase in population leads to a positive and significant increase in employment by 2.77%. However, R&D investments do not significantly affect employment. According to Granger causality test it is revealed that population and R&D investments are the reasons of employment. However, no causal relationship has been found from employment to population and R&D investments. In case of increasing R&D investments and the population, employment is expected to increase in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to examine whether the coups d'état in Turkey had impacts on population policy beginning from 1923 till up to the 2000s. The study is a literature review and covers the periods between 1923-1961, 1961-1982 and 1982-2000. The study asserts that global forces and coups d'état are determinant on population which is a contemporary debate topic and possessing strategic importance alongside with security-economic-political-sociological dimension. The external intervention of the population-oriented processes is not welcomed from the social point of view and the implementation of such policies affecting the whole society by coups d'état instead of civil politics has created a separate problem area. Since the society was not accepted the population policies that the coup administrations want to implement right after the disappearance of the civil administration which provides the connection between the people and the state. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Turkish Research Institute / Atatürk Üniversitesi Türkiyat Arastirmalari Enstitüsü Dergisi is the property of Ataturk University Coordinatorship of Scientific Journals and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sociology / Sosyoloji Dergisi is the property of Istanbul Universitesi Edebiyat Fakultesi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of History Studies (13094688) is the property of History Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In Turkey, in accordance with the EU acquis, Regional Statistical Unit Classification was established in 2002 based on the NUTS criteria. All public institutions, especially Turkish Statistical Institute (TSI) have started to structure their organizational chart according to the NUTS system. NUTS region systematics, which was developed in the European countries after 1970s, is a relatively new concept for Turkey. Therefore, the discussions related to the issue still remain on the agenda. Names and boundaries of the geographical regions and divisions in Turkey have always been a matter of debate. However, the NUTS implemented in 2002 expanded the scope of these discussions considerably. In this study, the concept of region has been analyzed in terms of content and scope on the basis of geographical terminology of IBSS and NUTS implementation in Turkey. In the ABPRS results, the following questions have been put forward: 1. What is the definition and scope of the region classification encountered in NUTS Level-1, NUTS Level-2 and NUTS Level-3? 2. Why was such a classification needed? 3. How were the IBBS boundaries determined? 4. How is the formation and development phase of the NUTS implementation? In the light of these questions, it is aimed to compare the concept of region defined in the geographical methodology and the concept of NUTS region. Basic data of the research consist of EUROSTAT and TSI sources, laws and related literature. During the research process, a synthesis of literature review, content analysis and comparative approach were used accordingly. As a result, combining NUTS and IBSS implementation in Turkey on the basis of geographical terminology, a road map has been created for the interpretation and analysis of the population data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Türk Dünyası Araştırmaları is the property of Turk Dunyasi Arastirmalari Vakfi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Ilgın, Akşehir, Beyşehir and the vicinity were the Karamnoğulları's first annexed areas by the Ottomans. The Ottomans made tahrir in this region between 1465-466 and determined the region's taxation capacities. The Ottomans gave the timar livelihoods to the Ottoman sipahis instead of the Karaman sipahis. In addition to waqfs and properties which was given by Karamanoğlu İbrahim Bey, tax exemptions, charging etc. were saved by the Ottomans. Information and sources like these are densely seen in Karaman tahrir, waqf and property books. In the tahrir mentioned above, Ilgın appears as a county administration with 33 affiliated villages. The center of this administration was the center of Ilgın. The market, the dyehouse and the mosque in this place were important to show the formation of a city. The most important economic activity in Ilgın and vicinity was agriculture, also like as the period's general economic activity in Anatolia. The fields which were cultivated were mostly ''çift''. The harvested grain which were shared to per head, where sometimes more or smaller than the other places in Anatolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Matrimony, which provides a basis for family and population policies, has frequently occupied the agenda of the country since the War of Independence. Incentivizing bachelors to get married has been considered among the measures to be taken for the purpose of increasing the population. In this sense, the first legislative proposal with regards to collecting tax on celibacy was made on the date of October 19\ 1920 by Canik Parliamentarian Hamdi Bey. Subsequent to the proposal submitted by Hamdi Bey, the "The legislative proposal regarding the Compulsory Marriage"by Erzurum Parliamentarian Salih Efendi was made on February 22"' 1921. Although these proposals had not been validated by the Parliament, such actions show us the efforts in increasing the population of the country in the early years of the Republic. Following the foregoing proposals, Süleyman Sırrı İçöz, who was the Parliamentarian of Yozgat, had brought his proposal regarding the "Tax on Celibacy "to the agenda of the Parliament on March 18f\ 1929. Although the said proposal initially had a broad repercussion in the press, the Parliament failed to pass it. The proposal made by Mr. İçöz was later repeated in 1931, 1940, and 1944 with several amendments. The celibacy Tax proposals, its respective contents and the repercussions of the said in the press will be elaborated in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The first tahrir of our working site done by Ottoman after the conquest of the region which is in the borders of Gümüşhane occurs in 1518 and this region is registered as a nahiye attached to Bayburt as well as recorded in Tahrir Registers that belong to the years of 1530 and 1591. Koğans is mentioned as kaza in ‘avarız Register bearing the date of 1642, can be said to be geographicaly having an important position because of standing on Trabzon- Erzurum-Tebriz trade route. In this study Koğans' data of register belonging to the years of 1591 and 1642 has been compared in the context of population - settling and the structure of the population has been tried to be revealed in the frame of registers of 1642. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Forestry Faculty of Kastamonu University is the property of Kastamonu University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

19th century is a period in which besides political dynamism, social changes have also accelerated. In this century, the migrations from the surrounding countries towards the Ottoman territories were the main triggering factors, effecting the social changes. The contribution of the emigrants in formation of Turkey, who came to Anatolia during the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Republic, can not be denied. From the mid of the 19th century, the emigrants who came from Caucasia have accepted the Ottoman State their new homeland. During the recent years, that migrations have been scrutinized by the researchers in several respects. In this work, the migrations from Caucasia in 19th century and the settlements of the emigrants were generally evaluated. Main sources of this work are generally original, and researches and verbal sources are also included. Here and there, in examining the migrations and its sources, new approaches concerning the methodology were also mentioned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Karabük is an industrial city that has grown rapidly especially effect of iron and steel industry in Turkey.. Eflani is one of the district that loosing the population in Karabük districts. Many settlements began loss of population in the 1950's and ongoing internal migration in Turkey. The aim of study is evaluation of data that indicating the population features and attracts attention to decrease population in Eflani. In the study, population censuses that were conducted in 1955-2000 by the Statistical Institute of Turkey and the results of address based population registration system results; also 2000 Registration system migration statistics have been used. A variety of research findings and interpretations were made about the decline of the population in the district. As a result, it is emphasized that Eflani is a district that has been losing population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of International Social Research is the property of Journal of International Social Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the XIX th century, the Ottoman Empire faced with many improvements and changes in administrative, financial and economical structure. One of these changes is census. By the middle of the century with a number of administrative changes, census was conducted in the entire country. These changes and census, made in the entire country, shows us the structure of the population and also gives us an opportunity to make number of assessments on a local basis. In this study, after determining the borders of Alaiye we will do an assessment on the population of sanjak. The population registry documents, located in Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives with the code MAD.d. 22011, gives us opportunity to make very detailed examination of the sanjak's population. This document divided inhabitants of Sanjak according to districts, regions, towns and registered them as villages. Apart from that, inhabitants were also classified as powerful, children, senior, soldier, and out of town. After the end of each district, regions total number of inhabitants is given. Results in this study will be compared with salnames, which were recorded at the end of century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gölpazarı, is a centre of a county administration is situated in a province, Bilecik and on the border of both the Marmara and Black Sea Region, in the West Black Sea District. The emplacement established in the north of the plain of Gölpazarı is 43 km far away from the centre of Bilecik, 130 km from Bursa, 120 km from Sakarya (Adapazarı), 155 km from İzmit and 250 km from İstanbul. Gölpazarı, which was a centre of town or subdistrict under Hüdavendigâr Liva at different periods in the 15th and 16th centuries, became a town centre tied to Bilecik in 1926. The emplacement, which has saved its feature of being a centre of an administration since the 15th century, strengthens that feature after becoming a town centre. In emplacement 61,5% of the active population works in the service industry, 20,5% works in the agricultural sector, 18% works in the industrial sector. Although the distribution of active population to other sectors is higher than agricultural sector in Gölpazarı when the criteria of 10.000 and 20.000 populations, the physiognomical appearance and the style of urban life are taken in to consideration; Gölpazarı is a model emplacement of an agriculture-service sectors town. The academy and military units founded in the town sustain the agriculture-service feature of the town. Of late years, the lack of investments on service and industry sectors caused a decrease in the population of the centre of the town and country through immigrations. This prevented the development of the urban functions of the centre of the town and the emplacement was influenced by the cities around primarily Bilecik and Eskişehir, besides İstanbul, İzmit, Bursa and Adapazarı. The number of industry establishments based on agriculture in this town should be increased in order to contribute to settlement, to decrease immigration around, to make profitable use of potential agricultural products, and to increase the present production. In this study, establishment and history of Gölpazarı, historical progress of population and specialties, horizontal and vertical have been evaluated and dealt with geographical point of view. Gölpazarı, is a centre of a county administration is situated in a province, Bilecik and on the border of both the Marmara and Black Sea Region, in the West Black Sea District. The emplacement established in the north of the plain of Gölpazarı is 43 km far away from the centre of Bilecik, 130 km from Bursa, 120 km from Sakarya (Adapazarı), 155 km from İzmit and 250 km from İstanbul. Gölpazarı, which was a centre of town or subdistrict under Hüdavendigâr Liva at different periods in the 15th and 16th centuries, became a town centre tied to Bilecik in 1926. The emplacement, which has saved its feature of being a centre of an administration since the 15th century, strengthens that feature after becoming a town centre. In emplacement 61,5% of the active population works in the service industry, 20,5% works in the agricultural sector, 18% works in the industrial sector. Although the distribution of active population to other sectors is higher than agricultural sector in Gölpazarı when the criteria of 10.000 and 20.000 populations, the physiognomical appearance and the style of urban life are taken in to consideration; Gölpazarı is a model emplacement of an agriculture-service sectors town. The academy and military units founded in the town sustain the agriculture-service feature of the town. Of late years, the lack of investments on service and industry sectors caused a decrease in the population of the centre of the town and country through immigrations. This prevented the development of the urban functions of the centre of the town and the emplacement was influenced by the cities around primarily Bilecik and Eskişehir, besides İstanbul, İzmit, Bursa and Adapazarı. The number of industry establishments based on agriculture in this town should be increased in order to contribute to settlement, to decrease immigration around, to make profitable use of potential agricultural products, and to increase the present production. In this study, establishment and history of Gölpazarı, historical progress of population and specialties, horizontal and vertical have been evaluated and dealt with geographical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to discuss the economic structure of Zonguldak province during the first years of the Republic. Zonguldak became a "kaza" in 1899 -as a result of the economic and administrative progress which followed the opening of the Ereğli coal mines in 1841- and a "mutasarrıflık" in 1920. In this context the distribution of the population among the settlements; the ratio of Muslim to non-Muslim population, foreigners living in Zonguldak, the establishment of the Zonguldak Chamber of Industry and Commerce, the proportions of the Muslim to non-Muslim members of the chamber, Ereğli Miners Club, the sectoral distribution of the industry and the structure of the employment are evaluated using the sources of the period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Armenian population of the Ottoman Empire has always been a debatable issue. These discussions which also continue today, especially focus on what the Armenian population has been before and after the relocation. Taking this into consideration, the first step would be to determine the Armenian population before the relocation and the outcome of the population researches carried out during the Ottoman period. As a result, the following article deals with the history of Ottoman population researches and what the Armenian population has been in the Empire before the relocation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While tobacco and tobacco sector has a tendency to lose importance with the sense of “healthy life” in the world, especially in developed countries, olive oil and its consumption is increasing. Turkey is also in the same process due to partially different factors. As a result of the Turkey’s agriculture policy that has been changing recently, while the fields of tobacco are getting narrower, the fields of olive oil are getting broader. Akhisar county still one of the important tobacco producing center in Turkey, despite the effects of the change in tobacco and olive production policies. In recent years, There are increasing olive production field while tobacco field decreased in Akhisar. Thus, Akhisar becomes important “olive production center” in addition to the important “tobacco production center”. These converts in agricultural production from tobacco to olive is caused important changes in population and agricultural economic situation of county. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Electronic Turkish Studies is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

İstanbul which was tried to increase its population by different ways after sovereignty of Otoman started to shelter a huge crowd of people in a short period. After the second half of 16th century, the population had exceeded the limits of The State that it could hardly cater for; thus, the problems such as security, food supply, providing domicile arose. The situation lasted increasingly in the following centuries. In 18th century, the crucial case for İstanbul, capital, to abate the augmenting population of city or to curb it. A spate of measures were taken and practiced for solution of this issue. Nevertheless, the excessive population growth seen in İstanbul could not have completely been hampered. In 18th century, similar cautions could be observed intermittently. Assorted violations constituted the leading reason of abolition of the issue. In this article, the justifications of banning migration from the outside to İstanbul, the measures taken for this aim and the encounterd difficulties are tried to be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 16th century, with the aim of ruling the whole Anatolia, the Ottomans moved forward to conquer Erzurum which has a strategic importance. But the location of the city made Ottomans confront Safavids. In order not to hand it over Ottomans in a good condition, Safavids and Georgians ruined the city. By making a great deal of investment, the Ottoman rulers tried to develop the city again. As a result of these housing and developmental activities, through the end of the 16th century, Erzurum regained an appearance of a developed city. In further time, the Ottomans continued their contributions for the perfection of the city. In 17th and 18th centuries, Erzurum was one of the most significant military and commercial centres of Anatolia. As a result, in this study, some information is given about the population, districts and administrative body of Erzurum in order to have a picture of its development under the reign of the Ottomans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hakkâri was one of the underdeveloped town of Eastern Anatolia in the second half of the XIX century. The 93 War had spoiled social, financial, political circumstance of the town more and more.Furthermore, the rebellion of Sheikh Ubeydullah that was more effective in wider area and constitution of Hamidiye Alayları have caused fondamental problems in this region. The population lived in Hakkâri were different as ethnical and religious. Although it hasnt occurred any serious ethnical and religious conflict until the end of the century, it has been seen the spoiling of peaceful atmosphere during 93 War, especially after the War. In this article it has been tried to find out the circumstance of the population lived under Hakkari Starboard and the factors that were effective on the population in the second half of 19th century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi is the property of University of Cumhuriyet, Faculty of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antakya occupied an important position throughout history. During the Ottoman periods it was a town of significance especially in terms of social, cultural and commercial aspects. The issue of settlement and population in Antakya has been the focus of this study for which the judicial and the Ottoman archival records have been utilized. Conclusions regarding the population and settlement structures have been drawn, based on the town itself the districts and the villages and on the number of residences in these places. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The existence of the Karacalar tribe can be traced only from 1550's onward. No documents found prior to this date. Beginning from this particular date we know that they had a particular kadi and administered with their own kanunname. It can be ascertained that after 1550's families constituting this tribe started to settle and intermingled with the local inhabitants. It is obvious that Karacalar tribe, being one of the most populated tribe of the Western Anatolia, effected the region in terms of population, judiciary, and social and economic structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]