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Recent advancements in the global production networks (GPNs) literature seek to better emphasize the role of finance by identifying where and how global financial networks (GFNs) intersect with GPNs. Financial centers (FCs) operate as key sites for articulating financial convergence, understood as the merging of financial and nonfinancial sectors enacted by cross-sectoral investments. Yet, how such entanglement both feeds on and impacts intercity networks, affecting metropolitan hierarchies, remains largely overlooked. Using a novel data set of 12,147 intersectoral, cross-border and domestic merger and acquisition deals involving finance and insurance firms throughout the period of 2000–20, this article unpacks the sectoral dynamics that underpin the intersection of GFNs with GPNs at the city level in India, the fifth largest economy in the world. Our longitudinal and multiscalar analysis demonstrates how uneven patterns of financial convergence, structured around the rising entanglement between finance and information technology (IT), have reshaped intercity networks and affected the landscape of FCs in India. If Mumbai remains India's financial capital, Bangalore and New Delhi gained power in domestic and international flows, well ahead of other Indian cities. The article emphasizes how the IT firms, as recipients of transnational investments, and central governments, through direct interventions and state-hybrid investors, operate as key drivers in articulating GFNs with GPNs through intercity networks, changing urban geographies of finance, raising methodological and conceptual questions for future research on financial geography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What does it mean to inhabit? Our many selves find dimensionality through time and in place. This is complicated through the event of mass migration and trauma. One is continuously mapped through a locating of interiority. Within this essay, Nayar traces the birth and evolution of place as interior, and the genesis of her hybrid, constructed photographic process. Through the lens of India's 1947 Partition, a trajectory of trauma and the ways in which memory functions over time is traced and translated through a family's resettlement home in New Delhi. Built by her maternal grandfather, a refugee and psychiatrist from East Bengal, this locus in Nayar's memory sheds light on how one may understand the many intersections of belonging and place. Home is found in habitation, that of desire and the awakening of the Mother. In this way, attachment theory, Winnicott's transitional object, and the uncanny are touchstones for an internal mapping of psychic space. Through this framework, one understands what it means to embody through time and what is, through the process, left behind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new evacanthine leafhopper, Sophonia delhiensis sp. n., is reported from Delhi, India. A detailed morphological description and photographs are provided. A checklist of tribe Nirvanini and a modified key for the genus Sophonia from India are given. Type material is deposited in the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi, India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study provided survey data on counselling psychology professionals in New Delhi and compares it to available data on the profession in Punjab, in order to identify areas of similarity and difference. A national portrait of counselling psychology in India requires understanding what characteristics and practices are truly common across the country and what are relatively unique to specific parts of India. Information provided by this study also contribute objective information to help advance program accreditation standards, training curriculum, governmental regulation, and public awareness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

National Capital Territory of Delhi and its satellite cities suffer from poor air quality during the post-monsoon months of October-November. In this study, a novel attempt is made to estimate the contribution of different emission sources (industrial, residential, power generation, transportation, biomass burning, photochemical production, lateral transport, etc.) towards the criteria air pollutant carbon monoxide (CO) concentration over North India. Multiple simulations of the WRF-Chem model with a tagged tracer approach with different inputs (6 anthropogenic emission inventories and 3 biomass burning emission inventories) were used. The model performance was evaluated against the MOPITT retrieved CO surface concentration. Analysis of model simulated CO over North India suggests that anthropogenic emissions contribute around 32-49% to surface CO concentration while crop residue burning contributes 27-44% of which 80% originates from Punjab. For Delhi, the contribution from anthropogenic sources is dominant (53-77%) of which 10-28% is from the domestic sector and 14-55% is from the transport sector. Agricultural waste burning contributes about 15-30% to Delhi's surface CO concentration (of which 75% originates from Punjab). Crop residue burning emission is a chief source of CO over Punjab with a contribution of about 56-76%. The results suggest that industrial, transport, and domestic sector activities are more responsible for increased CO levels over New Delhi and surrounding regions than crop residue burning over Punjab. Furthermore, critical meteorological parameters like 10 m wind speed, boundary layer height, 2 m temperature, total precipitation, and relative humidity were evaluated against CO concentration to understand their impact on CO distribution. Results conclude that deteriorating air quality over the North Indian region is caused by a combination of prevailing meteorological factors (such as slow winds, shallow mixing layer, and cold temperatures) and man-made emissions., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

The Indo‐Gangetic Plain (IGP) is one of the dominant sources of air pollution worldwide. During winter, the variations in planetary boundary layer (PBL) height, driven by a strong radiative thermal inversion, affect the regional air pollution dispersion. To date, measurements of aerosol‐water vapor interactions, especially cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity, are limited in the Indian subcontinent, causing large uncertainties in radiative forcing estimates of aerosol‐cloud interactions. We present the results of a one‐month field campaign (February‐March 2018) in the megacity, Delhi, a significant polluter in the IGP. We measured the composition of fine particulate matter (PM1) and size‐resolved CCN properties over a wide range of water vapor supersaturations. The analysis includes PBL modeling, backward trajectories, receptor models and fire spots to elucidate the influence of PBL and air mass origins on aerosols. The aerosol properties depended strongly on PBL height and a simple power‐law fit could parameterize the observed correlations of PM1 mass, aerosol particle number and CCN number with PBL height, indicating PBL induced changes in aerosol accumulation. The low inorganic mass fractions, low aerosol hygroscopicity and high externally mixed weakly CCN‐active particles under low PBL height (< $< $100 m) indicated the influence of PBL on aerosol aging processes. In contrast, aerosol properties did not depend strongly on air mass origins or wind direction, implying that the observed aerosol and CCN are from local emissions. An error function could parameterize the relationship between CCN number and supersaturation throughout the campaign. Key Points: Planetary boundary layer height (HBL) is the major driving force of aerosol accumulation and aging processes in Delhi during late winterLower aerosol hygroscopicity and greater external mixing under low HBLIncreased CCN number concentration under low HBL due to higher aerosol concentration [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Understanding the perception and concerns of people about COVID-19 vaccine in developing and populous country like India will help in understanding demand for the vaccine and further tailoring out public health information and education activities. The study was carried out to assess the present state of knowledge people have about the probable vaccine for COVID-19, to know the preferences of respondents about this vaccine and to learn the expectations and apprehensions of people about features of this prospective COVID-19 vaccine residing in the capital city of India. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted amongst the residents of Delhi, India from July to October 2020. Both offline and online interview method was used to collect date from 513 participants representing various occupational strata. Data were collected on sociodemographic variable, vaccine acceptance and concerns regarding COVID-19 vaccine. Results: Among the study population, 79.5% said they will take the vaccine while 8.8% said they were not going to take the vaccine and remaining 11.7% had not yet decided about it. More than 50% were willing to pay for the vaccine and 72% felt vaccine should first be given to health workers and high-risk group. Conclusion: The following study has helped to understand the percentage of people who are hesitant to take the vaccine and also the concerns regarding the vaccine. Also since half of the population is willing to pay for the vaccine, a strategic approach considering the various economical classes of people could be applied in a developing country like India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• First longitudinal study of a FinTech ecosystem on a global, national and city level. • Network visualization of foreign and domestic investments in FinTech. • Documenting Bangalore's emergence as India's FinTech capital and the rise of New Delhi. • Demonstrating how Mumbai and Bangalore structure India's financial geography as complementary ecosystems. • Conceptualizing FinTech in India as a "Tech-Fin-State" ecosystem. This paper explores the potential of FinTech to change the geography of finance and financial centres through a longitudinal and multiscalar analysis of FinTech in India. Using a financial ecology approach, we combine quantitative data on firm creation and funding with insights from corporate interviews to unpack and examine the key elements of the Indian FinTech ecosystem. At the national scale, our results highlight how the export-oriented ICT sector, the implantation of large-scale, open digital infrastructures and enabling regulatory frameworks have enabled and shaped the growth of FinTech as a state-supported, tech-driven "Tech-Fin-State" ecosystem. At a city scale, the paper demonstrates how FinTech transforms India's financial geography in two directions. First, locational patterns and investment networks have established New Delhi and Bangalore as international FinTech hubs, ahead of Mumbai. Second, the re-intermediation of finance by FinTech firms should be understood as the connection between the two distinct yet complementary ecosystems of Bangalore, India's FinTech capital, and Mumbai, the incumbent financial capital, while advancing regional integration beyond India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the recent past, electronic waste (E-waste) has emerged as a major category of toxic waste in both global North and global South. Particularly, the emerging economies such as India are a major contributor to the E-waste volume in the world today. Accordingly, we attempted to carry out this study to evaluate the journey of equipment from 'electronic products' to 'electronic waste' in the city of New Delhi in India. The purpose was to carry out an exclusive pilot study with the potential to replicate the same at a larger scale in major Indian metropolis which are mostly the hubs of intense E-waste generation. The case of mobile phones (both smartphones and feature phones) was considered as the key representative. A structured questionnaire survey was carried out with 334 purposively selected respondents in the city of New Delhi. Among several other noteworthy findings, we observed that there exists a gap among purchase behaviour of mobile phones, awareness on E-waste and disposal behaviour of these phones. For instance, the relatively high knowledge/awareness about E-waste is yet to be reflected in consumers' responsible purchase and disposal behaviour. We argue that creating awareness among citizens is central to a sustainable E-waste management system and effective policy instruments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The historical water catchments of India's capital city were foundational to the flourishing of settlements that spanned centuries. Today, those water features are held up as 'wise' models of water stewardship for the people who criticise the Indian government's water management shortcomings. This article investigates historical imaginations of infrastructures past with attention to how their example leads to demands for 'smart(er)' water management regimes. It also shows how efforts to revive past water catchments can make meaningful contributions to water stewardship, but that they still risk perpetuating the water access inequalities and middle-class priorities that are identified in a growing body of scholarship on India's water politics. Since the existing scholarship predominantly focuses on exploitative rural-to-urban and inter-urban water flows, this text argues that water politics – including political ecologies of water – are also poignantly revealed in the study of seemingly proactive solutions such as the expansion of urban water catchments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: TB is treated with a six-month course of four antimicrobial drugs, and nearly all cases of TB can be cured if the medications are given and taken correctly. Due to its prolong treatment plans, there can be reasons associated with non-adherence to treatment by TB patients. Hence, the present study aimed to explore the factors associated with medication adherence among TB patients., Method: A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted among adult pulmonary tuberculosis patients enrolled under RNTCP (now NTEP) in New Delhi among 27 functional RNTCP districts. Around 200 TB patients who are enrolled in the Nikshay App and are also on treatment were considered. A structured questionnaire was prepared for the interview guide. Analysis was done using bivariate analysis, chi-square tests, and Fisher's exact tests., Results: Among the total participants, 173 (86.5%) were adherent and the remaining 27 (13.5%) participants were non-adherent. The majority of the participants (91%) said they were able to follow the routine to the DOTS center, and 9% said they find it difficult to report to the DOTS center as per their schedule. Only 12.35% of non-adherent participants were seen among those who get regular reminders from their families to take medicines, as compared to 18.42% among those who did not get regular reminders from their families. More than one-fourth of the participants (25.9%) who report not getting necessary motivation from healthcare providers were non-adherent. Motivation by healthcare workers to follow drug schedules was found statistically significant to treatment compliance with a P-value of 0.0422., Conclusion: TB is a curable disease; this belief has turned out to be a motivational factor for patients suffering from this disease. Studies have shown that faith in the efficacy of treatment helps adherence to TB treatment while other studies describe how patient adherence was adversely affected by the belief that TB is incurable or the treatment is inefficient or that alternative treatment such as traditional medicine is better., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest All the authors declare there are no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Tuberculosis Association of India. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

This paper traces the colonial and postcolonial histories of one of India’s most iconic structures, New Delhi’s All-India War Memorial. Designed and built by Edwin Lutyens immediately after the Great War, the memorial commemorated both Indian soldiers who had died in defence of the empire and the reason for such human sacrifice. As such the memorial reaffirmed and celebrated Britain and India’s unbreakable imperial bond, now strengthened by the fiery crucible of war. After independence in 1947, India took ownership of the memorial by renaming it India Gate to symbolise the country’s transition from what it had been to what it was becoming through India’s passion to be free. In the process, the memorial was re-evaluated and re-imagined in ways that transformed this site of unwelcome colonial memory into one of India’s most important symbols of national renewal. And yet this new interpretation remained as highly contested and problematic as its original colonial meaning. While the memorial became a site of national cohesion for many, it also perpetuated a colonial politics of division along communal (religious) and inter-communal (caste) lines that has eroded a sense of well-being and security for significant sections of the Indian community. Today, India Gate serves as a symbol of both national renewal and national fragmentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The history of the prestigious Department of Neurosurgery, Gobind Ballabh Pant Institute of Medical Education Institute and Research, New Delhi, a leading tertiary care centre, is presented. Its eminent faculty and outstanding patient care attracts patients and students from all over the country.The patients opt for this institution to get a standard of care that may be comparable with the highest standards prevalent; and, the students achieve their goal of getting excellent education in Neurosurgery at par with the best institutes of the world. The department has, therefore, over the years, established its place in the country as a premier training facility and an epitome of medical excellence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Indian metropolis of Delhi, the Yamuna River is highly influenced by sewage water, which has led to elevated ammonium (NH4+) concentrations up to 20 mg/L in the river water during 2012-2013. Large drinking water production wells located in the alluvial aquifer draw high shares of bank filtrate. Due to the infiltrating river water, the raw water NH4+ concentrations in some wells exceed the threshold value of 0.5 mg/L ammonia-N of the Indian drinking water specifications, making the water unfit for human consumption without prior treatment. However, to meet the city's growing water demand, it might be advantageous to consider the long-term use of the well field. This requires the development of an adapted post-treatment unit in concert with an adjusted well field management. To better understand the groundwater dynamics and contamination and decontamination times at the well field, a theoretical modeling study has been conducted. The results of 2D numerical modeling reveal that the groundwater flux beneath the river is negligible because of the aquifer and river geometry, indicating that infiltrating river water is not diluted by the ambient groundwater. Increasing the water abstraction in the wells closest to the river would result in a larger share of bank filtrate and a decreasing groundwater table decline. Simplified 1D reactive transport models set up for a distance of 500 m (transect from the riverbank to the first production well) showed that the NH4+ contamination will prevail for the coming decades. Different lithological units of the aquifer (sand and kankar--a sediment containing calcareous nodules) have a strong influence on the respective contamination and decontamination periods, as the retardation of NH4+ is higher in the kankar than in the sand layer. Although this simplified approach does not allow for a quantification of processes, it can support decision-making about a possible future use of the well field and point to associated research needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dengue is endemic in more than 100 countries, giving rise to an increased number of deaths in the last five years in the South-East Asian region. We report our findings from a retrospective study of adults admitted with confirmed dengue at our institution. We studied the clinical and laboratory parameters associated with mortality in these patients. Of the 172 hospitalised patients studied, 156 (90.69 %) recovered while 16 (9.3%) died. Univariate analysis showed altered sensorium on presentation, lower haemoglobin and haematocrit levels, higher serum creatinine, higher serum transaminase and lower serum albumin levels to be significantly associated with mortality in dengue. Further, using stepwise multivariate logistic regression, altered sensorium ( P = 0.006) and hypoalbuminemia ( P = 0.013) were identified as independent predictors of mortality in dengue. Identification of these parameters early in the course of disease should prompt intensification of treatment in dengue cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Our objective was to understand how drop-in centres influence the physical health, substance use status, and mental health of street children in New Delhi, India using interpretive description methodology. We conducted face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 23 street children and two staff members from two drop-in centres in New Delhi. We asked participants to describe how they believed drop-in centres worked or did not work to influence street children's physical and mental health and substance use status. We analyzed the interviews using constant comparative method. Participants believed that because street children regularly visited drop-in centres, their health outcomes improved. Street children participated in drop-in services rather than services provided by other facilities because at the centres, the staff members were nonjudgmental, they were free to be a child, their daily struggles were lessened and they received protection. Staff at drop-in centres also provided children with moral direction and an opportunity for a better life. However, children continued to live on the streets despite what centres offered because street life had become normal to them. According to street children and staff members, drop-in centres positively influence the physical health, mental health and substance use status of street children by providing services in an environment tailored for street children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The India International Centre (IIC), designed by Joseph Allen Stein in 1958 in New Delhi, is a significant work from the early period of modernisation following Indian independence. Upon completion, the Centre was published alongside Le Corbusier's Assembly Building at Chandigarh in architectural journals, and it topped a 2008 poll of architects' favourite buildings in the capital. The Centre's success, however, has led to numerous changes over the years, including several additions, which raise questions about how monuments from the post-independence period are identified and treated in India. The Centre's funding by the Rockefeller Foundation and design by an expatriate American present additional interesting issues about the project's significance both as an artifact of cold war competition for India, and as an example of Nehru's quest for a highly visible presence for his nation on the international stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In 1911, the Government of India transferred the imperial seat of government from Calcutta to Delhi. The decision initiated an ambitious colonial building project that consumed massive human, material, and financial resources for the next two decades. The new city was meant to be not just a site of government but also a symbol of a new direction in British rule. As such, the transfer and building of a new capital caused tremendous debate in parliament, in the press, and in the worlds of art and finance. This paper examines one of these debates: the precise location of the new capital in the Delhi area. When news reached London that the Government of India planned to build the new capital in a largely rural area with little connection to Delhi's existing European community, Sir Bradford Leslie, an eminent railway engineer with long experience in India, prepared a town plan that placed the capital back within Delhi's European civil lines. His plan, the controversy it created, and its eventual rejection by the Government of India highlighted arguments over the meaning of British rule in India and who should benefit from it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose – Despite legislation in place, there is still a gap in knowledge and awareness of the communities on the issues of e-waste handling and management. It is important to understand the knowledge and awareness levels of the consumers of electronic products who ultimately become the generators of e-waste in a community. The current study is based on a survey conducted in an urban setting to understand people's perception about the genesis of issues related to e-waste and its management. The purpose of this paper is to study the findings that could help in designing customized awareness programmes for addressing this concern more effectively. Design/methodology/approach – A survey was conducted in Delhi to understand public knowledge and awareness related to e-waste management in the city and country. A limited random survey was conducted with a sample size of 400 individuals in Delhi from middle class belonging to different educational backgrounds and professions. Personal interview method was used to collect in-depth information related to the issues of e-waste and its management. A questionnaire was developed and pilot tested before actual start of the survey. The questionnaire consisted of two sections – first about baseline information related to their age, family size, family income and educational background and second on their knowledge and awareness regarding e-waste and its management. Also, the practices they followed regarding e-waste at their household level were enquired. The questionnaire consisted of both open-ended and close-ended questions. Most of the questions had multiple-choice options, which made it easy for the respondents to answer them appropriately. The open-ended question gave the respondents ample time and space to express their views. The open-ended questions besides strengthening the close-ended questions provided a lot of qualitative information and made the study interesting. Apart from just interviewing, informal interactions were also used as a tool for data collection. During the course of the study, informal interactions were done with respondents to familiarize them with the objectives of the present study, their role and benefits to them from the study. Findings – The present study aimed to gauge the awareness levels and practices of people regarding e-waste management. The survey conducted in Delhi revealed that significant fraction of middle-class population is still unaware of the issue; however, on getting the information they were able to link the impacts of improper management of e-waste with detrimental health outcomes. For those who knew about it, the main sources of information to them were found to be internet, and print media. However, despite some awareness about the issue, most respondents were totally unaware about correct ways of its recycling and management. An important finding of the study was that 12-26 per cent people replace their major electronic goods like refrigerators, food processors, personal computers and music systems within the first three years of purchase. Discarding products within their periods of useful lives leads to enhanced generation of e-wastes. Along with e-waste generation, this also puts additional stress over the resources used for manufacturing of these products. On management of e-waste, most of the respondents opined of need of having efficient recycling units and effective mass awareness programmes. The survey also revealed the willingness of users to pay extra cost for proper management of e-waste provided that there is proper cost sharing between consumers and producers. This also raises an important aspect of extended producer responsibility (EPR). EPR puts additional responsibility and onus on the manufacturer of the product to not only produce durable quality of products but also take back the obsolete products and manage the e-waste. This also means that the manufacturers will have to [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the relationship of psychosocial factors (lack of social support, stress and subjective well-being) and personality traits with myocardial infarction (MI). Materials and Methods: A case-control study involving 100 cases and 100 matched controls was conducted in Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi. Results: Stress over 1 year was significantly higher in cases (P < 0.001). However, difference was not significant when scores of social support (P = 0.2), Presumptive Stressful Life Event (PSLE) over lifetime (P = 0.058) and subjective well-being (P = 0.987) were compared. MI was significantly associated with hyperactive (P < 0.001), dominant (P = 0.03), egoistic (P < 0.001) and introvert (P < 0.001) personalities. Conclusion: Certain personality traits and recent stress may be important risk factors of MI, especially in Indians. The finding may have implications on the preventive strategies planned for MI patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current models used to estimate the health effects and burden of outdoor urban air pollution assume a strong day-to-day correlation between outdoor and indoor concentration of the pollutant(s) of interest. Studies of indoor-outdoor relationships, based on a day-to-day longitudinal design, in developing countries have been rare. Our study is a comparatively long longitudinal study conducted over three and a half years. Indoor levels of Total Suspended Particulates (TSP) and Respirable Suspended Particulates (RSP), d50 = 10 μm, were measured in an office building and also just outside the building. The mean values of indoor TSP and RSP concentrations, though much higher than those observed in similar micro-environments in developed countries, were less than the outdoor concentrations but higher than the Indian ambient standards. However, while studies in developed countries (and in some developing countries) have observed strong longitudinal correlations between indoor and outdoor concentrations, the results of our study were contrary. The variation in outdoor concentration of RSP could explain only 25% of the variation in indoor concentration. Our results strongly support the belief that indoor-outdoor relationships cannot be generalized, but are strongly dependent on factors such as type of building, ventilation, climate among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study is based on the journal publications generated by the Nuclear Science Centre (NSC) [now known as Inter University Accelerator Centre] and the Accelerator Group at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) during 1997-1999. The data was collected from the annual reports of the two institutions and analyzed using scientometric tools and techniques. The impact was examined with the help of Science Citation Index (SCI). The analysis highlights yearly output, publication in national or international journals, number of papers in SCI-journals and non-SCI journals, normalized impact factor (NIF) per paper, category-wise distribution of papers in different NW ranges, the proportion of high NW papers, papers above the average NW. NSC is a facility exclusive for accelerator research and its Annual Report gives clear indication of the different specializations, hence the data for NSC is further analyzed in three subdivisions of nuclear physics, materials science, and radiation biology and others. However, such an analysis for TIFR was not attempted due to the lack of such information in its Annual Report. From the study one can have an idea about the performance and impact of the research conducted in the two institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses spectral methods to analyze changes in air quality at a single monitoring site in Delhi since 2000. Power spectral density calculations of daily concentration data for particulate matter (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), oxides of nitrogen (NO x ) and oxides of sulfur (SO x ) reveal the presence of trends and periodic oscillations for all the pollutants. Singular Spectrum Analysis (SSA) is used to decompose daily data into statistically significant non-linear trends, seasonal cycles and other oscillations. Periods of sharp reductions were observed for both SO x and CO concentrations in 2001 and 2002, respectively. NO x concentration trends show a sustained rise from 2000 to 2004, followed by small decline thereafter. PM10 concentration trends remain essentially unchanged over the time period. All pollutants also show strong annual and biannual cycles. The observed trends in CO and NO x likely relate changes in Delhi''s vehicular traffic emissions. The sharp drop in both the trend and amplitude of the seasonal cycle of CO coincides with the switch to Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) as a fuel for Delhi''s public transport fleet. Observed changes in SO x and PM10 concentrations were most likely caused by sources unrelated to vehicular traffic. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Over 100,000 people commit suicide each year in India; yet, there has been limited micro-based study. This study marks the first study of suicide notes in India. The sample consisted of aW available note-writers (n = 50), with a comparative sample of non-note writers (n=50) of all suicides (n=320, 16.47% of all postmortems) during a 1½ year period in the New Delhi area, India. Using the demographic (descriptive) schema of Ho, Yip, Chiu, and Halliday (1998), the results show that note writers do not differ greatly from other suicides. Males wrote more notes, but the more intriguing finding is the fact that suicide in India is associated to an array of psychiatric/psychological and social factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]