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Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Biological scaffolds made from tissue or organ decellularization have been successfully applied to various tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE: To review the preparation methods of acellular scaffolds and their functions and applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. METHODS: Databases of PubMed and CNKI were retrieved with the key words of “decellularization, scaffold, extracellular matrix, tissue regeneration and repair” in English and Chinese. Subjects and abstracts were initially screened to exclude documents that were not related to the subject of the article, and finally 66 articles were included for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The decellularized scaffolds obtained by decellularizing tissues and organs through physical, chemical and biological methods can effectively retain the components of the extracellular matrix, are non-immunogenic, have good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and differentiation, induce tissue repair, and reconstruct vascularized and functional tissues and organs. Acellular scaffolds have achieved ideal results in vitro and short-term in vivo experiments of many tissues and organs, such as heart, liver, kidney, lung, trachea, skin and bone, indicating that acellular scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration and repair, and have good application prospects. However, to be put into clinical use, more in-depth research and exploration are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Chronic non-specific low back pain seriously affects people’s working and life. Gait trainingdoes help to treat chronic low back pain. Studying the gait of chronic non-specific low back pain patients can help us design more targeted gait re-education content.OBJECTIVE: To find the gait characteristics of young chronic non-specific low back pain patients by comparing the spatio-temporal parameters and mechanical parameters of gait among between healthy youth and youth with chronic non-specific low back pain, so as to provide a reference for the diagnosis and rehabilitation of chronic non-specific low back pain.METHODS: Sixty-five volunteers were enrolled, including 30 healthy youth(control group), and 35 youth with chronic non-specific low back pain(trial group). The gait during normal movement was detected using LORAN 2-m footscan plantar pressure plate and gait testing system.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) The step length symmetry index, standing phase symmetry index and single-support phase symmetry index in the trial group were significantly higher than those in the control group(all P < 0.01).(2) The spatio-temporal parameters of gait between two sides in the control group showed no significant differences(all P > 0.05). In the trail group, the step length and foot angle deviation of the right side were significantly higher than those of the left side(P < 0.01, P < 0.05). The standing phase and single support time of the right side were significantly longer than those of the left side(all P < 0.01).(3) The vertical ground reaction force symmetry index of initial double-support, single-support, and final double-support in the trial group were all significantly higher than that in the control group(P <0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.05).(4) In summary, the youth with chronic non-specific low back pain are more likely to have asymmetrical gait than healthy youth. Youth with chronic non-specific low back pain are preferred to support by dominant limbs. In gait re-education for youth with chronic non-specific low back pain, asymmetrical limb support mode should be adjusted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: For fracture of distal radius in adults, choosing casting external or open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) with plates remains controversial. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the results of closed reduction and casting versus ORIF with plates in treatment of fracture of distal radius in adults. METHODS: Databases of PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 11, 2017), OVID, Web of Science, CNKI and WanFang were searched. The randomized controlled trials about casting and plate for the fracture of distal radius published before March 2018 were collected. The literature screening was conducted by two researchers independently based on the incision and exclusion criteria, followed by data extraction and bias evaluation. Meta-analysis was performed on RevManager 5.3 software. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Fifteen randomized controlled trials were included involving 1 545 patients. (2) Meta-analysis results showed that there were no significant differences in the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand scores (MD=1.83, 95%CI (-0.06, 3.72), P=0.06), Patient-Rated Wrist Evaluation Questionnaire scores (MD=4.01, 95%CI (-4.96, 12.99), P=0.38), range of motion of the wrist joint in dorsiflexion and ulnar deviation (MD=-7.47, 95%CI (-15.40, 0.47), P=0.07; MD=-5.45, 95%CI (-13.82, 2.93), P=0.20) between two groups. The plate groups had a higher Gartland and Werley category (OR=0.52, 95%CI (0.30, 0.90), P=0.02) and grip strength (MD=-10.01, 95%CI (-17.04，-2.99), P=0.005). (3) In the plate group, the incidence of tendinitis (RR=0.10, 95%CI (0.02, 0.51), P=0.006), carpal tunnel syndrome (RR=3.20, 95%CI (1.14, 8.96), P=0.03) and finger stiffness (RR=9.29, 95%CI (1.80, 47.79), P=0.008) were significantly increased. (4) To conclude, for adult patients with fracture of distal, the long-term function between casting and plate is similar. Although the radiological parameters of closed reduction and casting are poor, it does not reduce the range of motion of the wrist joint, nor increase the rate of reoperation, which is firstly chosen for older adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold enormous potential as a tool to generate cells for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. The premise for clinical application of iPSCs is the efficient reprogramming of somatic cells to iPSCs. In recent years, increasing studies have demonstrated that integrins and E-cadherin play important roles in the reprogramming and maintenance of iPSCs. Investigations on the underlying molecular mechanism will help us developing safer and more efficient reprogramming methods for iPSCs generation and deeply understanding the reprogramming process. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the effect of integrins and E-cadherin on the reprogramming of iPSCs and the maintenance of pluripotency based on the insights into the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS: Scientific papers published from 2006 to present that described the effects of cell adhesion on reprogramming and stemness maintenance of iPSCs were retrieved by the first author in the Web of Science. Sixty-three articles related to the purpose of this review were reviewed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Integrins-mediated cell-matrix adhesion and E-cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion can regulate pluripotent gene expression through a variety of downstream signaling pathways, and can also play important roles in the organization and contractility of actin cytoskeletons that generate gene-, protein-, and epigenetic-level changes and ultimately influence cell reprogramming and stemness maintenance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: For the treatment of middle clavicle fractures, elastic intramedullary nailing has gradually gained everyone's approval because of its small incision and short operation time. Locking plate fixation is currently the main surgical treatment. At present, there are a few comparative studies on the results of the two surgical treatments, but the results are still controversial. In particular, there is a lack of comparative studies on long-term efficacy and complications. OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical results and complications of locking plate and elastic intramedullary nailing for middle clavicular fracture. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 85 patients with middle clavicular fractures who were hospitalized at the Army General Hospital of Second Medical College of Southern Medical University from June 2014 to June 2015 undergoing surgeries was performed. They were divided into two groups randomly: locking plate group (n=62) and elastic intramedullary nailing group (n=23). The incision length, operation time, blood loss and time of hospital staying were compared between the two groups. Regular follow-up, radiography assessment and postoperative complications and shoulder function score were measured. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Incision length, operation time, blood loss and time of hospital staying were significantly better in the elastic intramedullary nailing group than in the locking plate group (P < 0.05). (2) The complications of the elastic intramedullary nailing group were significantly lower than that of the locking plate group (P < 0.05). The main complications of locking plate group were superficial wound infection, hypesthesia in the local incision and implant protuberance. Only two patients in the intramedullary nailing group experienced complications. (3) The healing rate of elastic intramedullary nailing group was higher than that of the locking plate group, which was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (4) The DASH scores and the Constant-Murley scores of the two groups after operation were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). (5) The elastic intramedullary nailing and locking plate are both effective methods for the treatment of middle clavicular fracture. Incision length, operation time, blood loss and average length of hospital stay have obvious advantages; the incidence of complications is low; and recovery is fast in the elastic intramedullary nailing group. However, elastic nail may stimulate the local skin, causing some impact for the patients' daily life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research / Zhongguo Zuzhi Gongcheng Yanjiu is the property of Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

BACKGROUND: Increasing studies have shown that solid lipid nanoparticles made from traditional Chinese medicine can inhibit cancer cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanisms of oridonin solid lipid nanoparticles (ORI-SLN) by the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway on the proliferation and apoptosis of esophageal cancer cells. METHODS: After 0, 2.5, 5, 10, 20 μmol/L ORI-SLN treated human esophageal cancer cell lines Eca-109 for 24, 48, 72 hours, the cell inhibition rate was detected by cell counting kit-8, and the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) was calculated. After 0, 14 μmol/L ORI-SLN treated Eca-109 cells for 48 hours, the cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of Cleaved caspase3, β-catenin, C-myc, Cyclin D1 proteins was detected by western blot assay. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activator LiCl and LiCl+ORI-SLN were used to treat Eca-109 cells for 48 hours, and then the relevant indicators were reexamined. Eca-109 cells without any treatment were used as controls. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cell inhibition rate of Eca-109 cells treated with different concentrations of ORI-SLN for 24, 48 and 72 hours was significantly higher than that at 0 hour, and the cell inhibition rate was found to increase with the prolongation of time and the increase of the concentration (P < 0.01). 14 μmol/L ORI-SLN was confirmed to result in the higher cell apoptosis and Cleaved caspase3 expression compared with the 0 μmol/L group, while the expression of β-catenin, C-myc, Cyclin D1 proteins were significantly lower than the 0 μmol/L group (P < 0.01). Cell inhibition rate, apoptosis rate and Cleaved caspase3 protein expression in the activator group and ORI-SLN+activator group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the expression of β-catenin, C-myc, Cyclin D1 protein was significantly lower than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The cell inhibition rate, apoptosis rate and expression of Cleaved caspase3 in ORI-SLN+activator group was significantly lower than those in the activator group, and the β-catenin, C-myc, Cyclin D1 protein expression was significantly higher than that in the activator group (P < 0.01). To conclude, ORI-SLNs can inhibit the proliferation and apoptosis of human esophageal carcinoma cell line Eca-109, and its mechanism is related to the regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: With the wide application of bone repair scaffold in the field of medicine, nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA) and silk fibroin (SF) both of which have good biological properties have become research hotspots in recent years. OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility of nHA/SF composite materials loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) to restore the initial stability of the spinal segment in rabbits. METHODS: Thirty-six male health New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into three groups, followed by preparation of spinal instability models. Autogenous iliac bone, nHA/SF composite, and rhBMP-2/nHA/SF composite were implanted into the L4/5 spinal segment in autologous bone group, nHA/SF group and rhBMP-2/nHA/SF group, respectively. X-ray exmaination was performed at 12 weeks postoperatively, and then the animals were killed for gross observation. The stability of the fusion segments was tested through a tensile machine. Histologically, bone graft fusion at the surgical site was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) Findings from the gross specimen observation showed that the specimens at the fusion site presented with a hard texture. Obvious signs of fusion were visible in the autologous bone group, followed by the rhBMP-2/nHA/SF group, while no signs of fusion were detected in the nHA/SF group. (2) At 12 weeks postoperatively, a large number of trabecular bones grew into the boundary between the vertebral body and the iliac crest graft block in the autologous bone group. A little trabecular bone was found in the boundary in the nHA/SF group, while a lot of trabecular bone tissues were found in the boundary in the rhBMP-2/nHA/SF group. In accordance with the standard of fusion, there were 10, 3, and 9 rats in the autologous bone, nHA/SF and rhBMP-2/nHA/SF groups, respectively. (3) The range of motion of the spine in the rhBMP-2/nHA/SF showed no statistical difference from that in the autologous bone group, but was significantly higher than that in the nHA/SF group (P < 0.05). (4) Osseous connection was found around the bone graft in the autologous bone and nHA/SF groups, but no mature bone tissue was visible in the latter group. In the rhBMP-2/nHA/SF group, a large number of new capillaries was found and permeated into the spinal tissues. In summary, nHA/SF composite materials loaded with rhBMP-2 possess good biocompatibility, mechanical properties and bone induction ability, which can rebuild the initial stability of the spine in a short time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]