脱细胞支架制备及其在组织工程和再生医学中的应用.

BACKGROUND: Biological scaffolds made from tissue or organ decellularization have been successfully applied to various tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. OBJECTIVE: To review the preparation methods of acellular scaffolds and their functions and applications in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. METHODS: Databases of PubMed and CNKI were retrieved with the key words of “decellularization, scaffold, extracellular matrix, tissue regeneration and repair” in English and Chinese. Subjects and abstracts were initially screened to exclude documents that were not related to the subject of the article, and finally 66 articles were included for result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The decellularized scaffolds obtained by decellularizing tissues and organs through physical, chemical and biological methods can effectively retain the components of the extracellular matrix, are non-immunogenic, have good biocompatibility and mechanical properties, and can promote cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and differentiation, induce tissue repair, and reconstruct vascularized and functional tissues and organs. Acellular scaffolds have achieved ideal results in vitro and short-term in vivo experiments of many tissues and organs, such as heart, liver, kidney, lung, trachea, skin and bone, indicating that acellular scaffolds play an important role in tissue regeneration and repair, and have good application prospects. However, to be put into clinical use, more in-depth research and exploration are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]